WO2011085583A1 - 一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011085583A1 WO2011085583A1 PCT/CN2010/074981 CN2010074981W WO2011085583A1 WO 2011085583 A1 WO2011085583 A1 WO 2011085583A1 CN 2010074981 W CN2010074981 W CN 2010074981W WO 2011085583 A1 WO2011085583 A1 WO 2011085583A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- resin
- anion exchange
- strong base
- base anion
- Prior art date
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- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZYJELPVAFJOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CN(C)C SZYJELPVAFJOGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/90—Magnetic feature
Definitions
- the invention discloses an acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin and a preparation method thereof, and more particularly to an acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin containing magnetic particles therein and a preparation method thereof.
- magnetic strong base anion exchange resin has been applied to the removal of some impurities in water.
- This resin has a small specific particle size, usually 150 to 180 ⁇ m, and has a large specific surface area on the surface of the resin particles, so it exhibits good performance.
- the MIEX® resin developed by Australia's Orica is a macroporous acrylic structure with strong alkali ion exchange groups, so it is suitable for various anions such as nitrate, sulfate, phosphate and arsenate in water, as well as dissolved organic pollutants, including The removal of some disinfection by-product precursors has a good effect.
- the preparation of the magnetic resin is usually carried out by introducing the magnetic particles into the oil phase and then performing the polymerization reaction.
- the synthesis process of a magnetic ion exchange resin disclosed in US Pat. No. 2,426,514 and CN 101440166 makes the magnetic particles uniform in the monomer by prepolymerization. Dispersion, the resin particle size is not uniform, and the synthesis process is difficult to control.
- the methods disclosed in US Patent No. 5900146 and CN 1699447 both use an amine group-containing stabilizer to effect dispersion of Fe 3 0 4 particles in the oil phase, which is disadvantageous in that the stabilizer reacts with the reactive groups in the monomer. , eventually resulting in low exchange capacity.
- the active monomer glycidyl methacrylate is polymerized and has an epoxy group in the structure, which can be directly reacted with trimethylamine hydrochloride to form A quaternary ammonium salt forms an acrylic strong base anion exchange resin.
- the resin is inferior in strength and the epoxy group is easily destroyed during polymerization.
- a strong base type ion exchange resin prepared by using glycidyl methacrylate as a monomer has a strong alkali exchange amount of less than 3.0 mmol/g.
- the present invention provides a magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange micro
- the ball resin and the preparation method thereof can realize stable and uniform distribution of magnetic particles in the polymer by using a low-cost raw material and a simple operation method, and synthesize a magnetic acrylic system which has both high magnetic properties and high exchange capacity. Strong base anion exchange microsphere resin.
- the present invention utilizes an acrylic organic substance as a monomer, and is mixed with a crosslinking agent and a porogen.
- the oil phase is uniformly mixed with the magnetic particles, and then suspension polymerization is carried out.
- the polymerized magnetic polymer particles are subjected to amination and thiolation reaction to form a quaternary ammonium salt, that is, a magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin.
- a magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin which is composed of an anion exchange microsphere resin skeleton and is encapsulated in its basic structure as follows:
- the skeleton contains magnetic particles therein, wherein A is a group containing a quaternary ammonium salt, and the above group A is one of the following 16 groups:
- the magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle diameter of 70 to 400 ⁇ m, preferably 250 ⁇ m.
- the magnetic particles refer to a plurality of silicon germanium coupling agents such as fatty acid and tetraethoxysilane, and dimyristoyl phosphorus.
- Aliphaylcholine (DMPC) stearic acid, sodium laurate, oleic acid, oleylamine, sorbitan oleate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyvinyl alcohol, methacrylic acid, methacrylic acid
- encapsulated Fe 3 0 4 , y-Fe 2 0 3 stainless steel powder and iron-nickel alloy particles have a particle diameter of 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m, preferably 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a specific saturation magnetization of 8 ⁇ 30 emu/g;
- the magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a strong base exchange amount of 3.0 to 5.5 mmol/g; and the preparation method of the above magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin, the steps of which are as follows:
- a dispersant having a water phase mass ratio of 0.2% to 3%, a salt having a water phase mass ratio of 2 to 23%, or a sodium carbonate having a water phase mass ratio of 2 to 20% is added to the aqueous phase.
- the dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol, activated calcium phosphate, guar gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate, and the like;
- the oil phase consists of a reactant and a porogen, and the weight ratio of the reactant to the porogen is 1:0.1 to 1:1.5, wherein the reactants include a monomer and a crosslinking agent, and a monomer and a crosslinking agent.
- the weight ratio is 1:0.02 1 :0.2.
- the monomer used in the step (b) is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylic acid shrinkage.
- acrylic acid methacrylic acid
- methyl acrylate ethyl acrylate
- butyl acrylate methyl methacrylate
- butyl methacrylate acrylonitrile
- the crosslinking agent in step (b) is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol diethyl diallyl ester, trimethyl methacrylate (trimethylol propyl) ester, triallyl One or more of cyanurate or divinylbenzene.
- the main components of the porogen used in the step (b) are toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, 200# solvent oil, isopropanol, n-butanol, liquid wax, n-heptane, n-octane, isooctane.
- solvent oil isopropanol, n-butanol, liquid wax, n-heptane, n-octane, isooctane.
- n-decane One or several of n-decane;
- the weight ratio of the reactant to the stabilizer used in the step (b) is 1:0.05 ⁇ 1:0.5;
- the magnetic particles mentioned in the step (d) refer to one or more of Fe 3 0 4 , Y-Fe 2 0 3 , stainless steel powder, iron-nickel alloy having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 1 ⁇ m;
- the magnetic particles and the oil phase may first be put into the reaction kettle, and the temperature is controlled under stirring. 50-80 °C, add the water phase after mixing the oil phase, and keep it at 85 ⁇ 95 °C for 6 ⁇ 15 hours after 2 ⁇ 8 hours;
- step (e) using the resin obtained in the step (d) with 1 to 8 times the resin mass of ethylenediamine, N,N-dimethylpropanediamine, N,N-dimethylbutanediamine, diethylenetriamine, , one or more of triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine are aminated at 100 200 ° C for 8 to 30 hours;
- step (f) repeatedly washing the resin obtained in the step (e) with one or more of methanol, ethanol and acetone, and then washing it with water several times;
- reagent is selected from the group consisting of chloroformamidine, chloroacetam, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, methyl iodide, ethyl iodide, etc.;
- the invention provides a magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin and a preparation method thereof, and the magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin prepared according to the method has higher exchange capacity than current literature reports and domestic and foreign markets.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the basic structure of a magnetic acrylic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin of the present invention.
- the temperature was raised to 85 ° C. After 15 hours, the material was discharged. After washing with ethanol, the mixture was dried and then added twice. The weight of the resin was maintained at 100 Torr for 8 hours. After washing, 300 mL of 10% liquid alkali was added, 40.8 g of methyl iodide was added, and the reaction was carried out for 10 hours at 20 Torr. After the transformation with NaCl, the magnetic property was strong. Alkaline ion exchange microsphere resin.
- the obtained strong alkali ion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in 300-400 ⁇ , a strong base exchange amount of 3.21 mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 30 emu/g.
- the basic structural formula is as follows:
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in the range of 200 to 300 ⁇ , and a strong base exchange amount of 5.5 mmol/g, which is more than saturated:
- the magnetic strong alkali ion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in 100-150 ⁇ , a strong base exchange t of 5.21 mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 13 emu/g.
- the basic structural formula is as follows:
- a guar gum containing a weight ratio of 1.5% and a 20% aqueous solution of sodium chloride were placed in a 2 L three-necked flask, and the stirring speed was controlled at 250 to 300 rpm.
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in 150-200 ⁇ ⁇ , a strong base exchange amount of 5.11 mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 21.1 emu/g.
- the basic structural formula is as follows:
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in the range of 150 to 200 ⁇ , a strong base exchange amount of 4.78 mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 13.1 emu/g, and its basic structural formula is as follows:
- methylcellulose having a weight ratio of 0.1% and a sodium chloride aqueous solution of 15 were added to a 2 L three-necked flask, and the stirring speed was controlled at 250 to 300 rpm.
- a mixed solution of benzoyl, 80 g of xylene, and 60 g of n-heptane was uniformly mixed with a ferroferric oxide magnetic particle having a particle diameter of about 0.8 ⁇ m, and then added to a three-necked flask and heated to 70 ° C for 4 hours.
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in 180 ⁇ 250 ⁇ , a strong base exchange amount of 4.65mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 10.5emu/g, and its basic structural formula is as follows:
- methyl acrylate 20g Glycidyl methacrylate, 10 g of trimethylol methacrylate, 20 g of triallyl cyanurate, 0.76 g of azobisisobutyronitrile, 3.04 g of benzoyl peroxide,
- a mixed solution of 200 g of n-octane and 25 g of ruthenium was uniformly mixed with 13 g of ferroferric oxide magnetic particles having a particle diameter of about 0.6 ⁇ m, and then added to a three-necked flask and heated to 75 ° C for 4 hours, and the temperature was raised to 92. °C, after 6 hours, discharge.
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in the range of 150 to 200 ⁇ , a strong base exchange amount of 3.54 mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 12 emu/g, and the basic structural formula is as follows:
- the mixture was placed in a three-necked flask and heated to 80 ° C for 2 hours, heated to 95 ° C, and discharged for 6 hours. After washing the feed with ethanol to dry, add 5 times the weight of the resin of tetraethylene pentamine at 18 (TC for 10 hours and then discharge.
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed at 150-250 ⁇ , a strong base exchange amount of 3.0 mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 12.7 emu/g: C2H5
- the mixture was placed in a three-necked flask and heated to 60 ° C for 5 hours, heated to 95 ° C, and discharged for 1 hour. After washing the feed with ethanol to dry, add 7 times the weight of the resin of diethylenetriamine at 14 (TC for 10 hours and then discharge.
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin has a particle size mainly distributed in 150-200 ⁇ , a strong base exchange amount of 3.89 mmol/g, and a specific saturation magnetic strength of 17.1 emu/g, and its basic structural formula is as follows:
- Example 6 10 g of trimethyl methacrylate (trimethylol propyl) ester and 5 g of triallyl cyanurate were replaced with 30 g of trimethyl methacrylate (trimethylol propyl) ester, and the remaining oil phase components. Same as Embodiment 6. The oil phase was added to a 2 L three-necked flask, and the mixture was heated to 60 ° C and stirred for 10 minutes. Then, 500 g of active calcium phosphate and 2% aqueous sodium chloride solution containing 0.3% by weight were added, and the temperature was raised to 68 ° C for 4 hours. The temperature was raised to 95 ° C and the output was maintained after 8 hours. The amination process was the same as in Example 6.
- the obtained magnetic strong base anion exchange microsphere resin the particle size is mainly distributed in 180 ⁇ 250 ⁇ , strong alkali exchange Ol/g, specific saturation magnetic strength is 10.31emu/g, and its basic structural formula is as follows:
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Description
一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明公开一种丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂及其制备方法, 更具体的说是 一种内部含有磁性颗粒的丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前已有磁性强碱阴离子交换树脂被应用于水体中一些杂质的去除, 这种树脂由 于颗粒粒径较小, 通常为 150~180μηι, 在树脂颗粒表面具有较大的比表面积, 因此表 现出良好的动力学性能。 澳大利亚 Orica公司开发的 MIEX®树脂是大孔型丙烯酸结 构, 具有强碱离子交换基团, 故对水中硝酸根、 硫酸根、 磷酸根、 砷酸根等多种阴离 子, 以及溶解性有机污染物, 包括一些消毒副产物前驱体的去除具有良好的效果。
磁性树脂的制备通常要将磁性粒子引入油相再进行聚合反应, U.S.Pat.No.2642514 与 CN 101440166所公开的一种磁性离子交换树脂合成过程均通过预聚合的方式使磁 性颗粒在单体中均匀的分散, 这种树脂粒径不均匀, 且合成过程难以控制。 US Patent No.5900146与 CN 1699447所公开的方法均使用了含有胺基的稳定剂实现了 Fe304粒 子在油相中进行分散, 其缺陷在于稳定剂与单体中的活性基团发生反应, 最终导致交 换容量偏低。 US Patent No.5900146所提及的磁性强碱阴离子交换树脂的合成中, 活 性单体甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯聚合后, 在结构中具有环氧基团, 可以直接与三甲胺盐 酸盐反应生成季铵盐, 形成丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换树脂。 然而, 该树脂强度差, 且 环氧基在聚合过程中易被破坏。 目前所见文献报道用甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯作为单体 所制备的强碱型离子交换树脂, 其强碱交换量均低于 3.0mmol/g。
发明内容
1. 发明要解决的技术问题
针对现有的磁性树脂及其制备过程中磁性颗粒在单体中难以均匀分散, 而且树脂 粒径不均匀, 且合成过程难以控制的缺点, 本发明提供了一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离 子交换微球树脂及其制备方法, 可以利用成本低廉的原料、 操作简单的方法实现磁性 粒子在聚合物中稳定、 均匀地分布, 并合成出既具有较高磁性, 又具有较高交换容量 的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂。
2. 技术方案
本发明的原理: 本发明利用丙烯酸系有机物作为单体, 与交联剂、 致孔剂混合形
成油相, 将油相与磁性颗粒均匀混合后, 进行悬浮聚合。 聚合后的磁性聚合物颗粒经 过胺化和垸基化反应后, 形成季铵盐, 即磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 由阴离子交换微球树脂骨架与包裹 于 其基本结构如下:
, 其中 X为 CI或 OH, R1 ; R2, R3, R4, R5为烷基, n为 1 , 2, 3... ...20。 所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的粒径为 70~400μπι, 优选为250 μηι。
所述的磁性颗粒, 是指用脂肪酸、 四乙氧基硅垸等多种硅垸偶联剂、 二豆蔻酰磷
脂酰胆碱(DMPC)、 硬脂酸、 月桂酸钠、 油酸、 油胺、 山梨糖醇酐油酸酯、 十二垸基 苯磺酸钠、聚乙烯醇、 甲基丙烯酸、 甲基丙烯酸甲酯中的一种或几种包裹后的 Fe304、 y-Fe203 不锈钢粉、 铁镍合金颗粒, 其粒径为 0.01~1μηι, 优选为 0.01~0.5μηι。
所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 其比饱和磁化强度为 8~30 emu/g;
所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂,其强碱交换量为 3.0~5.5 mmol/g; 上述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备方法, 其步骤如下:
(a)水相中加入占水相质量比为 0.2%~3%的分散剂、 占水相质量比为 2~23%的食盐或 占水相质量比为 2~20%的碳酸钠。分散剂选自明胶、聚乙烯醇、活性磷酸钙、古尔胶、 羟乙基纤维素、 甲基纤维素、 十二烷基苯磺酸钠、 木质素磺酸钠等;
(b) 油相由反应物和致孔剂构成, 反应物与致孔剂的重量比为 1 :0.1~1 : 1.5, 其中反应 物包括单体与交联剂, 单体与交联剂的重量比为 1 :0.02 1 :0.2。
歩骤 (b)中所采用的单体选自丙烯酸、 甲基丙烯酸、 丙烯酸甲酯、 丙烯酸乙酯、 丙 烯酸丁酯、 甲基丙烯酸甲酯、 甲基丙烯酸丁酯、 丙烯腈、 甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中的 一种或几种;
步骤 (b)中的交联剂选自乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、 乙二醇二乙基二烯丙基酯、三甲 基丙烯酸 (三羟甲基丙基) 酯、 三烯丙基氰脲酸酯、 二乙烯苯中的一种或几种。
步骤 (b)中所使用的致孔剂主要成分是甲苯、 二甲苯、 乙酸乙酯、 200#溶剂油、 异丙醇、 正丁醇、 液蜡、 正庚烷、 正辛烷、 异辛烷、 正癸烷中的一种或几种;
步骤 (b)中所使用的反应物与稳定剂的重量比为 1 :0.05~1 :0.5;
(c) 向油相中加入重量百分比为 0.4%~3%的过氧化苯甲酰、 偶氮二异丁腈或复合 引发剂, 搅拌使引发剂充分溶解。 复合引发剂, 是指过氧化苯甲酰与偶氮二异丁腈的 混合物, 其偶氮二异丁腈与过氧化苯甲酰的重量比为 1 : 1-1 :4;
(d) 向油相中加入粒径为 0.01〜1μηι 的磁性颗粒, 磁性颗粒与反应物的重量比为 1 :20-1 : 1; 将含有引发剂和磁性颗粒的油相加入到搅拌的水相中, 加入过程中搅拌速 度为 100~500rpm, 温度控制在 50~80°C, 反应 2~8小时后于 85 95Ό下保温 6-15小 时, 冷却后处理可得黑色或红棕色树脂, 抽提或清洗后晾干;
步骤 (d)中所提到的磁性颗粒, 是指平均粒径为 0.01~1μηι的 Fe304、 Y-Fe203, 不 锈钢粉、 铁镍合金中的一种或几种;
步骤(d)也可以先将磁性粒子与油相先投入进反应釜中, 搅拌下控制温度在
50-80 °C , 油相混匀后加入水相, 2~8小时后于 85~95°C下保温 6~15小时;
(e)将步骤 (d)所得树脂用 1~8倍于树脂质量的乙二胺、 N, N-二甲基丙二胺、 N, N -二甲基丁二胺、 二乙烯三胺、, 三乙烯四胺、 四乙烯五胺中的一种或几种在 100 200 °C下胺化 8~30小时;
(f) 将步骤 (e)所得树脂用甲醇、 乙醇、 丙酮中的一种或几种反复清洗后再用水清 洗数次;
(g)在碱性溶液中通入 1~20倍于树脂质量的烷基化试剂,于 20~150°C下反应 2~30 小时, 清洗后得磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂; 垸基化试剂选自氯甲垸、 氯乙垸、 溴 甲烷、 溴乙烷、 碘甲烷、 碘乙烷等;
3. 有益效果
本发明提供了一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂及其制备方法, 按照该 方法所制备的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 其交换容量高于目前文献报道 以及国内外市场所见的任何磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂。 其较高的强碱交换量、 较 优良的吸附、 脱附动力学性能和更加易于分离的特征, 可以替代传统强碱阴离子交换 树脂, 尤其在各种水中溶解性有机物, 消毒副产物前驱体以及硝酸盐及磷酸盐等阴离 子的分离和去除等领域发挥作用。
附图说明
图 1为本发明磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的基本结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例 1
将 500g含有重量比为 3%的明胶、 23%的氯化钠水溶液加入到 2L三口烧瓶中, 搅拌转速控制在 100~150rpm。 将 100g丙烯酸甲酯、 2g三甲基丙烯酸 (三羟甲基丙 基) 酯、 l.Og偶氮二异丁腈、 100g甲苯、 53g乙酸乙酯的混合溶液与 102g粒径约为 0.1 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒子均匀混合后, 加入到三口烧瓶中并升温至 50°C, 保持 8 小时, 升温至 85Ό, 保持 15小时后出料; 用乙醇清洗出料晾干后, 加入 2倍于树脂 重量的乙二胺在 100Ό下保持 8小时后出料;清洗后,加入 10%液碱 300mL,加入 40.8g 碘甲烷, 20Ό下反应 10小时后出料, 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球 树脂。
实施例 2
将 500g含有重量比为 0.2%的聚乙烯醇、 5%的氯化钠水溶液加入到 2L三口烧瓶 中, 搅拌转速控制在 150~200rpm。 将 90g丙烯酸甲酯、 10g甲基丙烯酸、 15g三甲基 丙烯酸(三羟甲基丙基)酯、 5g三烯丙基氰脲酸酯、 0.48g过氧化苯甲酰、 10g甲苯、 2g 200#溶剂油的混合溶液与 6g粒径约为 0.1 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒子均匀混合后, 加入到三口烧瓶中并升温至 55°C, 保持 8小时, 升温至 85°C, 保持 10小时后出料。 用乙醇清洗出料晾干后, 加入 2.5倍于树脂重量的 N, N-二甲基丙二胺在 15CTC下保 持 30小时后出料。清洗后, 加入 10%液碱 300mL, 加入 63.0g碘甲垸, 40°C下反应 2 小时后出料。 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 200~300μΓη, 强碱交换 量达 5.5mmol/g, 比饱和 :
实施例 3
将 500g含有重量比为 3%的活性磷酸钙、 20%氯化钠水溶液加入到 2L三口烧瓶 中, 搅拌转速控制在 400〜500rpm。 将 90g丙烯酸甲酯、 10g甲基丙烯酸丁酯、 5g三 甲基丙烯酸(三羟甲基丙基)酯、 5g二乙烯苯、 0.4g偶氮二异丁腈、 0.4g过氧化苯甲 酰、 22g 200#溶剂油的混合溶液与 llg粒径约为 0.1 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒子均匀混 合后, 加入到三口烧瓶中并升温至 60°C, 保持 5小时, 升温至 88Ό并保持 12小时。 用乙醇清洗出料晾干后, 加入 4倍于树脂重量的 N, N-二甲基丁二胺于 200Ό下保持 10小时后出料。 清洗后, 加入 10%液碱 300mL, 加入 120g碘甲垸, 50°C下反应 20 小时后出料。 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 100~150μΓη, 强碱交换 t达 5.21mmol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 13emu/g, 其基本结构式如下:
将 500g含有重量比为 1.5%的古尔胶、 20%的氯化钠水溶液加入到 2L三口烧瓶中, 搅拌转速控制在 250~300rpm。将 80g丙烯酸乙酯、 20g丙烯酸、 5g三甲基丙烯酸(三 羟甲基丙基) 酯、 10g乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、 l. lg偶氮二异丁腈、 2.1g过氧化苯甲 酰、 50g二甲苯、 65g异丙醇的混合溶液与 30g粒径约为 0.2 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒 子均匀混合后, 加入到三口烧瓶中并升温至 65 °C, 保持 6小时, 升温至 90Ό并保持 5 小时后出料。 用乙醇清洗出料晾干后, 加入 6倍于树脂重量的二乙烯三胺于 135Ό下 保持 25小时后出料。清洗后, 加入 10%液碱 300mL, 加入 310g碘乙垸, 50°C下反应 20小时后出料。 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 150~200μΐη, 强碱交换 量达 5.11mmol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 21.1emu/g, 其基本结构式如下:
C =^° C2H5 _
\ \ ci H
NH-(-CH2- N-{— CH2>-N C2¾
2 / + 2
C2H5 。 实施例 5
将 500g含有重量比为 0.5%的羟乙基纤维素、 15%的氯化钠水溶液加入到 2L三口 烧瓶中, 搅拌转速控制在 300〜400rpm。 将 90g丙烯酸丁酯、 60g甲基丙烯酸甲酯、 5g 乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、 2.5g三烯丙基氰脲酸酯、 0.6g偶氮二异丁腈、 1.8g过氧化苯 甲酰、 30g正丁醇、 30g液蜡的混合溶液与 13g粒径约为 0.6 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒 子均匀混合后, 加入到三口烧瓶中并升温至 60°C, 保持 5小时, 升温至 90°C, 保持 8
小时后出料。 用乙醇清洗出料晾干后, 加入 5倍于树脂重量的三乙烯四胺在 180°C下 保持 20小时后出料。清洗后, 加入 10%液碱 500mL, 加入 800g溴甲垸, 70°C下反应 30小时后出料。 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 150~200μΓη, 强碱交换 量达 4.78mmol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 13.1emu/g, 其基本结构式如下:
实施例 6
将 500g含有重量比为 0.1%的甲基纤维素、 15的氯化钠水溶液加入到 2L三口烧 瓶中, 搅拌转速控制在 250~300rpm。 将 140g丙烯酸甲酯、 40g甲基丙烯酸丁酯、 10g 三甲基丙烯酸 (三羟甲基丙基) 酯、 5g三烯丙基氰脲酸酯、 lg偶氮二异丁腈、 1.5g 过氧化苯甲酰、 80g二甲苯、 60g正庚烷的混合溶液与 l lg粒径约为 0.8 μηι的四氧化 三铁磁性粒子均匀混合后, 加入到三口烧瓶中并升温至 70°C, 保持 4小时, 升温至 92°C, 保持 3小时后出料。 用乙醇清洗出料晾干后, 加入 7倍于树脂重量的四乙烯五 胺在 170°C下保持 16小时后出料。清洗后,加入 10%液碱 300mL,加入 1.5kg溴甲烷, 90°C下反应 25小时后出料。 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 180〜250μηι, 强碱交换 量达 4.65mmol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 10.5emu/g, 其基本结构式如下:
实施例 7
将 500g含有重量比为 0.8%的明胶、 0.1%十二垸基苯磺酸钠、 15%碳酸氢钠水溶 液加入到 2L三口烧瓶中, 搅拌转速控制在 450~500rpm。 将 140g丙烯酸甲酯、 20g
甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯酯、 10g三甲基丙烯酸 (三羟甲基丙基) 酯、 20g三烯丙基氰 脲酸酯、 0.76g偶氮二异丁腈、 3.04g过氧化苯甲酰、 200g正辛垸、 25g正癸垸的混合 溶液与 13g粒径约为 0.6 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒子均匀混合后,加入到三口烧瓶中并 升温至 75°C, 保持 4小时, 升温至 92°C, 保持 6小时后出料。 用乙醇清洗出料晾干 后, 加入 1倍于树脂重量的二乙烯三胺, 3倍于树脂重量的 N'N-二甲基丁二胺, 在 130°C下保持 12小时后出料。 清洗后, 加入 10%液碱 300mL, 加入 600g溴乙垸, 80 Ό下反应 16小时后出料。 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 150~200μΓη, 强碱交换 量达 3.54mmol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 12emu/g, 其基本结构式如下:
将 500g含有重量比为 2.4%的明胶、 0.2%木质素磺酸钠、 10%氯化钠水溶液加入 到 2L三口烧瓶中, 搅拌转速控制在 400~450rpm。将 140g丙烯腈、 20g三甲基丙烯酸 (三羟甲基丙基)酯、 20g二乙烯苯、 5.3g偶氮偶氮二异丁腈、 80g甲苯、 30g正癸烷 的混合溶液与 28g粒径约为 1 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒子均匀混合后, 加入到三口烧 瓶中并升温至 80°C, 保持 2小时, 升温至 95 °C, 保持 6小时后出料。 用乙醇清洗出 料晾干后,加入 5倍于树脂重量的四乙烯五胺在 18(TC下保持 10小时后出料。清洗后, 加入 10%液碱 300mL, 加入 100g溴乙烷, 11CTC下反应 22小时后出料, 用 NaCl转型 后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 150~250μΓη, 强碱交换 量达 3.0mmol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 12.7emu/g:
C2H5
CH— CH9— N C¾一 CH,一丽'
C2H5 J o 实施例 9
将 500g含有重量比为 2.4%的明胶、 0.5%木质素磺酸钠、 15%氯化钠水溶液加入 到 2L三口烧瓶中, 搅拌转速控制在 250~300rpm。 将 150g丙烯酸甲酯、 50g丙烯酸、 20g二乙烯苯、 5g三烯丙基氰脲酸酯、 6.75g过氧化苯甲酰、 150g二甲苯、 50g异辛 垸的混合溶液与 40g粒径约为 0.5 μηι的四氧化三铁磁性粒子均匀混合后,加入到三口 烧瓶中并升温至 60°C, 保持 5小时, 升温至 95°C, 保持 1小时后出料。 用乙醇清洗 出料晾干后,加入 7倍于树脂重量的二乙烯三胺在 14(TC下保持 10小时后出料。清洗 后, 加入 10%液碱 500mL, 加入 150g碘甲垸, 60°C下反应 18小时后出料, 用 NaCl 转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 150~200μηι, 强碱交换 量达 3.89mmol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 17.1emu/g, 其基本结构式如下:
实施例 10
将实施例 6中 10g三甲基丙烯酸(三羟甲基丙基)酯、 5g三烯丙基氰脲酸酯替换 为 30g三甲基丙烯酸 (三羟甲基丙基) 酯, 其余油相成分同实施例 6。 将油相加入到 2L三口烧瓶中, 升温至 60°C搅拌 10分钟后, 加入 500g含有重量比为 0.3%的活性磷 酸钙、 2%氯化钠水溶液, 升温至 68°C, 保持 4小时后升温至 95°C, 保持 8小时后出 料。 胺化过程同实施例 6。 清洗后, 加入 10%液碱 300mL, 加入 400g碘乙垸, 50°C 下反应 18小时后出料, 用 NaCl转型后清洗即得磁性强碱离子交换微球树脂。
所得到的磁性强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 粒径主要分布于 180~250μΓη, 强碱交换
ol/g, 比饱和磁强度为 10.31emu/g, 其基本结构式如下:
Claims
1. 一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 其特征在于基本结构如下:
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 其特征在于, A 为以下 16种基团中的一种:
■ H !-- "c C"¾-C―H2- HN-、— C¾-CH2- + ~ R.
X R 3
R,
R
X
NH 【+-t-CH2-CH2-N- -C¾-C¾- H
, 其中 X为 CI或 OH, Ri , R2, R3, R4, R5为烧基, n为 1, 2, 3…… 20。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂, 其特征在于其平 均粒径为 70~400μιη, 比饱和磁化强度为 8~30emu/g, 强碱交换容量为 3.0~5.5mmol/g。
4. 一种磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备方法, 其步骤如下:
(a)水相中加入占水相质量比为 0.2%~3%的分散齐^、占水相质量比为 2~23%的食盐;
(b) 油相由反应物和致孔剂构成, 反应物与致孔剂的重量比为 1 :0.1 ~ 5, 其中反应物 包括单体与交联剂, 单体与交联剂的重量比为 1 :0.02~0.2;
(C) 向油相中加入重量百分比为 0.4%~3%的过氧化苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈或复合引发 齐 |J, 搅拌使引发剂充分溶解;
(d) 向油相中加入粒径为 0.01 ~1 μηι 的磁性颗粒, 磁性颗粒与反应物的重量比为 1 :20~1 :1。 将含有引发剂和磁性颗粒的油相加入到搅拌的水相中, 加入过程中搅 拌速度为 100~500rpm, 温度控制在 50~80°C, 反应 2~8小时后于 85~95°C下保 温 1 ~15小时, 冷却后处理可得黑色或红棕色树脂, 抽提或清洗后晾干;
(e)将步骤 (d)所得树脂用乙二胺、 N, N-二甲基丙二胺、 N, N-二甲基丁二胺、 二乙 烯三胺、 三乙烯四胺或四乙烯五胺中的一种或几种在 100~200°C下胺化 8~30小 时, 冷却后清洗;
(f) 将歩骤 (e)所得树脂用甲醇、 乙醇、 丙酮中的一种或几种反复清洗后再用水清洗数 次;
(g)将步骤(f)所得树脂在碱性溶液中通入与树脂质量比为 0.2:1 ~8:1的烷基化试剂, 于 20~110°C下反应 2~30小时, 清洗后得磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树 脂。
5. 根据权利要求 4中所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备方法, 其 特征在于步骤 (a)中所使用的分散剂选自明胶、 聚乙烯醇、 活性磷酸钙、 古尔胶、 羟乙基纤维素、 甲基纤维素、 十二垸基苯磺酸钠或木质素磺酸钠。
6. 根据权利要求 5中所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备方法, 其 特征在于步骤 (b)中所采用的单体选自丙烯酸、 甲基丙烯酸、 丙烯酸甲酯、 丙烯酸 乙酯、 丙烯酸丁酯、 甲基丙烯酸甲酯、 甲基丙烯酸丁酯、 丙烯腈或甲基丙烯酸缩 水甘油酯中的一种或几种; 步骤 (b)中的交联剂选自乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、 乙二 醇二乙基二烯丙基酯、 三甲基丙烯酸 (三羟甲基丙基) 酯、 三烯丙基氰脲酸酯或 二乙烯苯中的一种或几种; 步骤 (b)中所使用的致孔剂主要成分是甲苯、 二甲苯、 乙酸乙酯、 200#溶剂油、 异丙醇、 正丁醇、 液蜡、 正庚烷、 正辛烷、 异辛烷或正 癸垸中的一种或几种。
7. 根据权利要求 4~6中任一项所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备 方法, 其特征在于步骤 (c)中提到的复合引发剂, 其偶氮二异丁腈与过氧化苯甲酰 的重量比为 1 : 4。
8. 根据权利要求 4~6中任一项所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备 方法, 其特征在于步骤 (el)中所述的磁性颗粒, 是指用脂肪酸、 四乙氧基硅烷等多 种硅垸偶联剂、二豆蔻酰磷脂酰胆碱(DMPC)、硬脂酸、 月桂酸钠、 油酸、 油胺、 山梨糖醇酐油酸酯、 十二烷基苯磺酸钠、 聚乙烯醇、 甲基丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸甲 酯等包裹后的 Fe304、 y-Fe203、 不锈钢粉、 铁镍合金颗粒。
9. 根据权利要求 4~6中任一项所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备 方法, 其特征在于步骤 (e)所述胺化过程, 其胺化试剂与树脂的质量比为 1 : 1 ~1 :8; 步骤 (g)所述垸基化试剂选自氯甲垸、氯乙垸、 溴甲烷、 溴乙垸、碘甲垸或碘乙垸。
10.根据权利要求 4~6中任一项所述的磁性丙烯酸系强碱阴离子交换微球树脂的制备 方法, 其特征在于步骤 (c也可以先将磁性粒子与油相先投入进反应釜中, 搅拌下 控制温度在 50~80°C, 油相混匀后加入水相, 2~8小时后于 85~95°C下保温 6~15 小时。
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