WO2011074154A1 - Convertisseur cc-cc - Google Patents

Convertisseur cc-cc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011074154A1
WO2011074154A1 PCT/JP2010/004633 JP2010004633W WO2011074154A1 WO 2011074154 A1 WO2011074154 A1 WO 2011074154A1 JP 2010004633 W JP2010004633 W JP 2010004633W WO 2011074154 A1 WO2011074154 A1 WO 2011074154A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
converter
inductor
switching frequency
control means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2010/004633
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
竹島由浩
永井孝佳
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2011545929A priority Critical patent/JP5318966B2/ja
Publication of WO2011074154A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011074154A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a DC / DC converter that stores energy with a large current in a storage means characterized by a large capacity such as an electric double layer capacitor.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and when charging an electric storage means such as an electric double layer capacitor, even if the output current of the DC / DC converter increases, the ripple amount is increased. It is an object of the present invention to provide a DC / DC converter that can suppress and efficiently and reliably charge power storage means such as an electric double layer capacitor.
  • the DC / DC converter includes a switching element and an inductor, and the switching element is turned on / off at a predetermined switching frequency to convert the voltage of the input DC power source and output it to the storage means to charge the storage means.
  • DC / DC converter current detection means for detecting current flowing through the inductor, and control means for sending an ON / OFF drive signal by PWM (pulse width modulation) control to the switching element so as to charge the storage means with the commanded predetermined charging power
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the control means changes the switching frequency of the on / off drive signal sent to the switching element in accordance with the inductor current detected by the current detection means, the current flowing through the inductor Even in a large range, an increase in the ripple of the current is suppressed, and the power storage means can be charged efficiently and reliably.
  • Embodiment 1 the circuit configuration of the DC / DC converter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
  • an input DC power supply 1 is connected to DC input terminals 2a and 2b of a DC / DC converter in order to supply a DC stabilized voltage having a necessary voltage range to the DC / DC converter.
  • the drain terminal of the MOSFET 3a that is the first switching element is connected to the DC input terminal 2a
  • the source terminal of the MOSFET 3b that is the second switching element is connected to the DC input terminal 2b.
  • the source terminal of the MOSFET 3a that is the first switching element, the drain terminal of the MOSFET 3b that is the second switching element, and one terminal of the inductor 4 are connected.
  • the other terminal of the inductor 4 is connected to the terminal 5 a of the current detector 5.
  • the terminal 5b of the current detector 5, the source terminal of the MOSFET 3c that is the third switching element, and the drain terminal of the MOSFET 3d that is the fourth switching element are connected.
  • the drain terminal of the MOSFET 3c as the third switching element is connected to the DC output terminal 6a, the source terminal of the MOSFET 3b as the second switching element, the source terminal of the MOSFET 3d as the fourth switching element,
  • the DC output terminal 6b is connected and grounded.
  • the MOSFETs 3a to 3d, which are the first to fourth switching elements, and the inductor 4 constitute a DC / DC converter shown in the claims of the present application.
  • the electric double layer capacitor 7 is connected to the DC output terminals 6a and 6b.
  • the terminal 5 c of the current detector 5 is connected to the terminal 8 a of the calculation means 8, and the DC output terminal 6 a is connected to the terminal 8 b of the calculation means 8.
  • the terminal 8 c of the calculation means 8 is connected to the terminal 9 e of the PWM control means 9.
  • the gate terminal of the MOSFET 3a which is the first switching element and the terminal 9a of the PWM control means 9 are connected, the gate terminal of the MOSFET 3b which is the second switching element and the terminal 9b of the PWM control means 9 are connected, and the third switching The gate terminal of the MOSFET 3c as the element and the terminal 9c of the PWM control means 9 are connected, and the gate terminal of the MOSFET 3d as the fourth switching element and the terminal 9d of the PWM control means 9 are connected.
  • the calculation means 8 and the PWM control means 9 constitute the control means shown in the claims of the present application.
  • FIGS. 2 shows the characteristics of each part when the voltage across the electric double layer capacitor 7 is low (V C1 ), and FIG. 3 shows the characteristics of each part when the voltage across the electric double layer capacitor 7 is high (V C2 ). Show the characteristics.
  • the duty ratio (on / off ratio) is calculated by the calculation means 8 from the current value detected by the current detector 5 and the target current value, and an on / off drive signal by PWM (pulse width modulation) control is supplied via the PWM control means 9. Generate.
  • This on / off drive signal is sent to the gate terminals of the MOSFETs 3a to 3d, which are the first to fourth switching elements, to drive the switching element MOSFETs 3a to 3d on and off.
  • the charging to the electric double layer capacitor 7 is performed with the commanded predetermined charging power. This assumes a case where regenerative power generated by a generator or the like is stored in the electric double layer capacitor 7, for example. For this reason, as shown in the uppermost graphs of FIGS. 2 and 3, there is a characteristic that the charging current decreases as the charging progresses and the voltage across the electric double layer capacitor 7 increases. . Therefore, when the voltage across the electric double layer capacitor 7 is low, a large charging current is supplied.
  • the inductor 4 has a magnetic characteristic of the iron core used in the inductor 4, and when a large current of a certain level or more flows through the inductor 4 as shown in the second graph of FIGS. A sudden inductance drop occurs.
  • the ripple amount increases in the range where the charging current is large, and the electric double layer capacitor 7 is hindered.
  • the charging current value detected by the current detector 5 is compared with a plurality of switching reference current values.
  • the switching frequency of PWM control is switched stepwise according to the charging current value.
  • the switching frequency becomes high, and the switching element is turned off at an early timing, thereby suppressing an increase in the ripple current.
  • the ripple of the inductor current remains in a certain range, and the switching frequency is switched to a low level. The increase in loss is suppressed.
  • the graphs at the bottom of FIGS. 2 and 3 show that the ripple current component is maintained within the allowable ripple current range of the electric double layer capacitor 7 regardless of the magnitude of the charging current value. .
  • the switching frequency of PWM control is increased stepwise in accordance with the increase in the charging current detected by the current detector 5.
  • an increase in the ripple amount of the charging current is suppressed, and the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be charged efficiently and reliably.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention has been described using a MOSFET as a switching element, a bipolar transistor, an insulated bipolar transistor (IGBT), or a transistor formed of a wide band gap semiconductor such as silicon carbide.
  • a MOSFET insulated bipolar transistor
  • MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the present invention in the first embodiment of the present invention, the case where a non-insulated buck-boost converter circuit is used as the DC / DC converter which is the main circuit in the DC / DC converter has been described.
  • the present invention can also be applied to a non-insulated converter circuit or an isolated converter circuit using various inductors.
  • an electric double layer capacitor is used as the power storage means, but the same effect can be obtained even when a secondary battery is used.
  • the inductor has a characteristic that the inductance is a constant value up to a predetermined current value and the inductance is decreased above the predetermined current value. A similar effect can be obtained by using an inductor having a characteristic of decreasing to the right as it increases.
  • an inductor through which a large current flows has been increased in size as a countermeasure against saturation.
  • a reduction in inductance in a large current region can be improved by the present DC / DC converter. It is also possible to achieve energy saving and energy saving.
  • FIG. FIG. 4 shows a circuit configuration of the DC / DC converter according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and the following description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment. That is, in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, the current flowing through the inductor 4, and hence the charging current to the electric double layer capacitor 7, is detected by the current detector 5 connected in series with the inductor 4. In FIG. 3 of the second embodiment, the calculation means 8 calculates the predetermined charging power value and the charging voltage detection value of the electric double layer capacitor 7 detected from the DC output terminal 6a.
  • the increase in the charging current detected by calculation from the commanded predetermined charging power value and the charging voltage detection value of electric double layer capacitor 7 is increased. Accordingly, the PWM control switching frequency is increased stepwise, so that an increase in the charging current ripple is suppressed, and the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be charged efficiently and reliably. Furthermore, since the current detector 5 is unnecessary, there is an advantage that the configuration is simplified and the cost is reduced as compared with the case of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 shows the circuit configuration of the DC / DC converter according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and the following description will focus on the differences from the first embodiment. That is, in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment, the analog output from the current detector 5 that detects the current flowing through the inductor 4 and the DC output terminal 6a that detects the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 7 is directly input to the computing means 8. In FIG. 5 of the third embodiment, the analog value is converted into a digital value through the newly provided A / D converter 10 and A / D converter 11, respectively. The detected value is sent to the calculation means 12 for processing.
  • the switching frequency corresponding to the charging current value can be changed in a stepped manner.
  • the inductor current-inductance characteristics can be self-learned, and by taking into account the self-learned characteristics, the suppression of charging current ripple by switching the switching frequency can be further improved. It can be performed with high accuracy.
  • the inductor current-inductance characteristic for example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the maximum and minimum points of the inductor current are detected from the current waveform of the inductor 4, and the inductance L Is calculated by the following equation.
  • the inductor current-inductance characteristic is self-learned, and as a result, more appropriate switching frequency switching processing can be performed.
  • the PWM control is performed according to the increase in the charging current detected by the current detector 5 and further converted into a digital value by the A / D converter 10. Since the switching frequency is increased stepwise, an increase in the ripple amount of the charging current is more appropriately suppressed, and the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be charged efficiently and reliably.
  • FIG. 7 shows a circuit configuration of the DC / DC converter according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the following description will focus on the parts different from the second embodiment. That is, in FIG. 4 of the second embodiment, the current flowing through the inductor 4 is detected from the commanded predetermined charging power value and the detected value of the charging voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 7 based on the analog detected value detected from the DC output terminal 6a. In FIG. 6 of the fourth embodiment, the A / D converter 11 is newly provided and detected from the commanded predetermined charging power value and the DC output terminal 6a. Further, it is obtained by calculation by the calculation means 12 from the charge voltage detection value of the electric double layer capacitor 7 obtained by conversion into a digital detection value by the A / D converter 11.
  • the increase in the charging current detected by calculation from the commanded predetermined charging power value and the charging voltage detection value of electric double layer capacitor 7 is increased. Accordingly, the PWM control switching frequency is increased stepwise, so that an increase in the charging current ripple is suppressed, and the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be charged efficiently and reliably. Further, since the charging current is calculated using the digital detection value obtained via the A / D converter 11 as the charging voltage detection value of the electric double layer capacitor 7, it is compared with the case of the second embodiment. Thus, the charging current is calculated with higher accuracy, the increase of the ripple of the charging current is more appropriately suppressed, and the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be charged efficiently and reliably.
  • Embodiment 5 The circuit configuration of the DC / DC converter according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is the same as that shown in FIG. Also, the operation of the DC / DC converter in the fifth embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as that described in the third embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the difference is that, in the calculation unit 12, the switching frequency is set while the charging current value and the switching frequency have a linear function according to the charging current value detected by the current detector 5. Continuously variable. Thereby, the high frequency ripple current flowing through the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be suppressed more accurately and appropriately. In analog control, it is difficult to continuously change the switching frequency by a function, but in digital control, it can be easily realized.
  • the charging current value and the switching frequency are continuously varied while having a quadratic function relationship, so that the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be appropriately and accurately adjusted.
  • the flowing high frequency ripple current can be suppressed.
  • the linear function is applied to the charging current value detected by the current detector 5 and further converted into a digital value by the A / D converter 10 and the switching frequency.
  • the linear function is applied to the charging current value detected by the current detector 5 and further converted into a digital value by the A / D converter 10 and the switching frequency.
  • Embodiment 6 The circuit configuration of the DC / DC converter according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is the same as that shown in FIG.
  • the commanded predetermined charge power value and the charge voltage detection value of the electric double layer capacitor 7 are further calculated from the digital detection value obtained via the A / D converter 11.
  • the switching frequency is continuously changed with the characteristics of the linear function or the quadratic function. Yes. Accordingly, an increase in the ripple amount of the charging current is more appropriately suppressed, and the electric double layer capacitor 7 can be charged efficiently and reliably.
  • Embodiment 7 FIG.
  • the core shape of the inductor 4 satisfying the relationship between the inductor current and the inductance shown in the second graphs of FIGS. 2 and 3 and FIGS. 8 and 9 of the previous embodiments.
  • Various modifications will be described with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 10 (a) is the most general type in which a gap layer having a constant distance is provided between two core legs.
  • FIG. 10 (b) shows a gap having a constant distance between the core leg and a remaining part. This type is provided.
  • FIG. 10 (c) is a type in which a gap is changed according to the opposite location of the core by giving a certain inclination to one core leg
  • FIG. 10 (d) shows a magnetic field that is easily saturated between the two core legs.
  • This is a type that sandwiches the body 100.
  • FIG. 10 (e) is a type in which a valley shape is applied to one core leg to change the gap according to the location where the core leg faces
  • FIG. 10 (f) is a W shape applied to one core leg. With this type, the gap is changed according to the location where the core leg faces. Further, it is possible to easily align the two cores by cutting a groove at a position opposite to the core leg not having the W shape in FIG.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un convertisseur CC-CC qui est pourvu : d'un dispositif de conversion CC-CC, qui a des éléments de commutation (3a-3d) et une inductance (4), qui convertit la tension d'une alimentation électrique en courant continu d'entrée (1) en attaquant les éléments de commutation pour qu'ils se mettent en marche/s'arrêtent à des fréquences de commutation prédéterminées, et qui charge un moyen d'accumulation électrique (7); d'un moyen de détection de courant (5), qui détecte un courant circulant dans l'inductance (4), et de moyens de commande (8, 9), qui émettent des signaux d'attaque de marche/arrêt commandés par modulation d'impulsions en largeur (PWM), de telle sorte que le moyen d'accumulation électrique (7) est chargé avec une énergie de charge prédéterminée donnée. Les moyens de commande (8, 9) changent les fréquences de commutation des signaux d'attaque de marche/arrêt devant être transmis aux éléments de commutation correspondant au courant dans l'inductance (4), ledit courant ayant été détecté à l'aide du moyen de détection de courant (5).
PCT/JP2010/004633 2009-12-14 2010-07-16 Convertisseur cc-cc WO2011074154A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011545929A JP5318966B2 (ja) 2009-12-14 2010-07-16 Ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009282371 2009-12-14
JP2009-282371 2009-12-14

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WO2011074154A1 true WO2011074154A1 (fr) 2011-06-23

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011182529A (ja) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 充電装置、プログラム
WO2014033293A1 (fr) * 2012-09-03 2014-03-06 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Compensation de flux pour simulations de flux destinées à des convertisseurs continu-continu polyphasés
JP2015503901A (ja) * 2012-01-06 2015-02-02 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ 別個のバック及びブースト変換回路を備えた電力変換器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001078370A (ja) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-23 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd 充電器および充電制御回路
JP2001154250A (ja) * 1999-11-26 2001-06-08 Olympus Optical Co Ltd カメラ
JP2002090824A (ja) * 2000-09-13 2002-03-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd ストロボ充電装置
JP2002354787A (ja) * 2001-05-23 2002-12-06 Hitachi Ltd Ｄｃ−ｄｃコンバータとその制御回路
JP2006271175A (ja) * 2005-03-25 2006-10-05 Canon Inc 電源装置
JP2009183098A (ja) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-13 Meidensha Corp モータ駆動装置

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001078370A (ja) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-23 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd 充電器および充電制御回路
JP2001154250A (ja) * 1999-11-26 2001-06-08 Olympus Optical Co Ltd カメラ
JP2002090824A (ja) * 2000-09-13 2002-03-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd ストロボ充電装置
JP2002354787A (ja) * 2001-05-23 2002-12-06 Hitachi Ltd Ｄｃ−ｄｃコンバータとその制御回路
JP2006271175A (ja) * 2005-03-25 2006-10-05 Canon Inc 電源装置
JP2009183098A (ja) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-13 Meidensha Corp モータ駆動装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011182529A (ja) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 充電装置、プログラム
JP2015503901A (ja) * 2012-01-06 2015-02-02 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ 別個のバック及びブースト変換回路を備えた電力変換器
WO2014033293A1 (fr) * 2012-09-03 2014-03-06 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Compensation de flux pour simulations de flux destinées à des convertisseurs continu-continu polyphasés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPWO2011074154A1 (ja) 2013-04-25
JP5318966B2 (ja) 2013-10-16

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