WO2011063554A1 - 防虫面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

防虫面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011063554A1
WO2011063554A1 PCT/CN2009/001431 CN2009001431W WO2011063554A1 WO 2011063554 A1 WO2011063554 A1 WO 2011063554A1 CN 2009001431 W CN2009001431 W CN 2009001431W WO 2011063554 A1 WO2011063554 A1 WO 2011063554A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
fabric
fiber
dip
ethylene glycol
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PCT/CN2009/001431
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵彤言
董言德
曹公平
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中国人民解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所
上海公泰纺织制品有限公司
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Application filed by 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所, 上海公泰纺织制品有限公司 filed Critical 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所
Priority to EP09851567.9A priority Critical patent/EP2381032B1/en
Publication of WO2011063554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011063554A1/zh

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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N53/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/10Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fabric and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an insect proof fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background technique
  • Blood-sucking insects not only harass the human body through hedgehogs, but also spread plague, dengue fever, malaria and other diseases.
  • the insect density around the human body can reach hundreds of cubic meters per cubic meter. If people wear ordinary summer clothing, some blood-sucking insects can penetrate; if the dress is too thick, the clothes are poorly breathable, and because of the high temperature, people will be unbearable. Therefore, the dressing problem seriously affects the normal activities of outdoor personnel during the summer, which makes it impossible for the troops to carry out military activities such as training and patrols, and forest workers and scenicists are unable to travel.
  • the Chinese utility model patent specification CN87203525Y discloses a defense anti-mosquito suit.
  • the fabric and lining are mainly made of polyester or acrylic mosquito net yarn or other porous mesh, with nylon silk as the auxiliary material, and truss-type flexible support such as sponge strip is filled between the lining and the fabric.
  • truss-type flexible support such as sponge strip is filled between the lining and the fabric.
  • the Chinese Utility Model Patent Specification CN2799638Y discloses an anti-mosquito bite cloth comprising an inner layer, a layer, and at least one mat layer disposed between the inner layer and the top layer, the mat layer being composed of fibers composition.
  • the fiber is a monofilament fiber or a multifilament fiber, Support between the inner layer and the surface layer.
  • the anti-mosquito biting fabric uses a multi-layered mesh structure to have a breathable and insect-repellent function, but for small insects such as small bites, cockroaches, cockroaches, and white mites, the mesh must be reduced, but this may result in poor air permeability.
  • the conventional insect-resistant fiber spinning process has a high decomposition temperature, and the decomposition temperature of deltamethrin and cyhalothrin is much lower than that of the spinning process, and deltamethrin and cyhalothrin are largely decomposed.
  • the prior art there is also a coating process to add an insect repellent to the surface of the fabric.
  • the conventional insect-repellent coating process does not allow the processing of single-sided and intermediate mat layers of the double-layered mesh structure fabric, and the fabric containing the insect repellent on the surface contacts the human skin to cause an allergic reaction.
  • Chinese Patent Application Publication No. CN1807751A discloses a method for preparing insect-resistant textiles by dyeing synthetic fibers with pyrethroids, and attempts to print insect-repellent agents on fabric fibers.
  • the method mainly uses diphenylbenzene as a dyeing agent to dye pyrethroids to synthetic fibers, but since diphenylbenzene dissolves synthetic fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene at 70 ° C or higher, Synthetic fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene are dyed by diphenyl benzene during dyeing.
  • This method is not suitable for printing pyrethroids on synthetic fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene. Therefore, the current technology cannot produce synthetic fibers such as polyethylene or polypropylene having a small diameter of a deltamethrin-containing insecticide. Summary of the invention
  • One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an insect-resistant fabric.
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an alternative method of preparing an insect-resistant fabric.
  • the third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an insect-repellent fabric prepared by any of the above methods, which can effectively prevent mosquito bites.
  • a method for preparing an insect-resistant fabric consists of the following steps:
  • Fabric weaving the natural fiber is woven into the inner layer, the synthetic fiber multifilament is woven into the surface layer, and the polypropylene fiber monofilament or the polyethylene fiber monofilament is woven into the mat layer, and the mat layer is disposed therein. Between the layer and the surface layer, the inner layer and the surface layer are both grid-like, and the mesh density is 25 ⁇ 500 mesh / square inch;
  • a second preparation method of a pest control fabric consists of the following steps:
  • Dip dyeing synthetic fiber multifilament, polypropylene fiber monofilament or polyethylene fiber monofilament Dip dyeing in the form of skein or bobbin, the dyeing temperature is 60 ⁇ 105 °C, and the dip dyeing time is 10 ⁇ 120 min;
  • the natural fibers of the inner layer material may be selected from the group consisting of silk, cotton, hemp, bamboo, sheep wool, mountain wool, camel hair, rabbit hair, yak hair, silk and silk.
  • the inner layer material may further be rayon, and the rayon may be selected from the group consisting of viscose, acetic acid and protein fiber.
  • the synthetic fiber multifilament of the facing material may be selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, and polyurethane fiber multifilament.
  • the synthetic fiber multifilament is a polypropylene fiber multifilament or a polyethylene fiber multifilament.
  • the polypropylene fiber monofilament or the polyethylene fiber monofilament of the mat layer preferably has a diameter of less than 0.12 mm. Because if the diameter of the monofilament is larger than 0.12 mm, it will be thicker than the diameter, and it will not bend easily to push out the inner layer and the top layer. The ejector portion will contact the skin to make the person feel rough and tingling, and the drug on the surface of the monofilament. It also irritates the skin.
  • the dyeing solution is an aqueous solution of emulsifiable oil, wherein the emulsifiable concentrate is a mixture of pyrethroid and alcohol ether solvent in a mass ratio of 1:5 to 1:20, and the mass ratio of the fabric to the immersion liquid is 1:7-1: 20, the amount of emulsifiable concentrate is 5 ⁇ 10% of the quality of the fabric.
  • the emulsifiable concentrate is a mixture of pyrethroid and alcohol ether solvent in a mass ratio of 1:5 to 1:20, and the mass ratio of the fabric to the immersion liquid is 1:7-1: 20, the amount of emulsifiable concentrate is 5 ⁇ 10% of the quality of the fabric.
  • the emulsifiable concentrate can be prepared; and the immersion liquid can be prepared by adding water to the emulsifiable concentrate and stirring.
  • the alcohol ether solvent in the dip solution may be selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol oxime ether, ethylene glycol ether, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol oxime ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol.
  • ethylene glycol butyl ether ethylene glycol oxime ether
  • ethylene glycol ether ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate or a mixture thereof.
  • it is ethylene glycol butyl ether.
  • the pyrethroid in the dip dye is a broad-spectrum insecticide capable of controlling a variety of pests, and its insecticidal ability is 10 ⁇ higher than that of the older generation insecticides such as organic chlorine, organic monument, and amino phthalate. 100 times. Pyrethroids have the characteristics of small dosage, low concentration, safer for humans and animals, and little pollution to the environment.
  • the pyrethroid may be selected from the group consisting of deltamethrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, dextromethrin and permethrin, preferably, selected from deltamethrin or cyhalothrin. Deltamethrin and cyhalothrin are one order of magnitude higher than the commonly used permethrin insecticidal activity.
  • a pyrethroid is regarded as a dye having no chromogenic gene by a dye dyeing mechanism, a pyrethroid is impregnated onto a synthetic fiber fabric by a dip dyeing method, or a pyrethroid is dyed by a dip dyeing method.
  • a pyrethroid is regarded as a dye having no chromogenic gene by a dye dyeing mechanism, a pyrethroid is impregnated onto a synthetic fiber fabric by a dip dyeing method, or a pyrethroid is dyed by a dip dyeing method.
  • the synthetic fiber After the synthetic fiber is heated, it will melt up with the increase of temperature, the voids of the fiber molecular segment will increase, the structure will begin to relax, and the pyrethroid with smaller molecular weight will enter the fiber interior. After the fabric is cooled, the pyrethroid will be cooled. It is condensed in the fiber. During use, the pyrethroid inside the synthetic fiber continuously migrates to the surface of the fiber, thereby producing an insect-repellent effect.
  • the pyrethroids selected should be hydrophobic, insoluble in water, molecular weight less than 700, and the decomposition temperature is higher than the heat treatment temperature of dyeing or padding.
  • the molecules should have -OH, -CN, -NH, -NHR, Polar groups such as -NR 2 , -NHCOR, -1, -CI, -Br, -N0 2 . Pyrethroids having more than one of the above groups can pass through these groups and fibers Dimensional molecular binding.
  • the pyrethroid insecticide gradually migrates from the inside and penetrates the surface of the fiber.
  • the surface of the drug will fall off, and the pyrethroid insecticide in the fiber will gradually migrate from the high concentration region to the low concentration region, and penetrate into the surface of the fiber through a period of time.
  • the insects die due to contact with the pyrethroid insecticide on the fiber, thereby preventing insects.
  • it is necessary to select a synthetic fiber having a lower glass transition temperature and a larger inter-molecular void.
  • pyrethroids are insoluble in water, they cannot be used directly during printing. Therefore, a solvent must be chosen to synergize the pyrethroid with water to form a stable dip solution.
  • the inventors use alcohol ether to be miscible with water and can dissolve pyrethroids, and choose to prepare pyrethroid solution: Add pyrethroid to alcohol ether solvent, stir until completely dissolved, make emulsifiable concentrate, then add The pyrethroid emulsion solution can be prepared by mixing the water and stirring, without adding other emulsifiers.
  • the alcohol ether solvent has both a hydrophilic alcohol group and a lipophilic acid group.
  • the oleophilic acid group not only dissolves the pyrethroid, but also swells the synthetic fiber after heating, and has the effect of a dyeing agent when the dye is dyed.
  • the olefin or polypropylene fiber therefore, does not cause deformation, damage and the like of the fabric.
  • alcohol ether solvents are much less toxic than diphenylbenzene.
  • the natural fiber of the inner layer material is impregnated with the pyrethroid-containing impregnation solution together with other synthetic fibers, only a small amount of pyrethroid adheres to the surface layer of the natural fiber, and after washing with water, It will fall off completely. Therefore, the inner layer of the insect-repellent fabric prepared by the method will not adsorb the pyrethroid, and the inner layer will not cause irritation to the human skin when worn. If the synthetic fiber or rayon is used as the inner layer material and impregnated with the pyrethroid-containing dip dye, the pyrethroid will penetrate into the inner synthetic fiber or rayon, even after multiple washings. Remove. It can be seen that in the first preparation method of the present invention, only natural fibers can be selected as the inner layer material.
  • the second preparation method of the present invention since the material of the mat layer and the surface layer material are firstly impregnated in the dip solution, and the inner layer material does not need to undergo the dip dyeing process, the first type does not occur.
  • the pyrophoric substance is adsorbed by the inner layer material to cause the skin to be irritated during use. Therefore, the second preparation method is used, and the inner layer material can be selected from natural fibers or rayon fibers. The processes and equipment described are generally used in the industry.
  • the invention also provides an insect proof fabric, which is realized by the following technical solutions:
  • An insect-repellent fabric comprising an inner layer, a top layer and a mat layer disposed between the inner layer and the top layer, wherein the inner layer is a natural fiber, the top layer is a synthetic fiber multifilament, and the mat layer
  • Another insect-repellent fabric consisting of a back layer, a top layer and a mat placed between the inner layer and the top layer a yarn layer composition
  • the inner layer is a natural fiber or a rayon
  • the top layer is a synthetic fiber multifilament
  • the mat layer is a polypropylene fiber monofilament or a polyethylene fiber monofilament
  • the inner layer and the top layer They are all mesh-like, with a mesh density of 25 ⁇ 500 mesh / square inch, and the insect-proof fabric is prepared by the second method.
  • the insect-repellent fabric prepared by the above two methods has the structure of a back layer, a mat layer and a top layer disposed between the inner layer and the top layer.
  • the inner layer uses natural fibers such as silk, cotton, hemp, bamboo, sheep wool, mountain wool, camel hair, rabbit hair, yak hair, mulberry silk and tussah silk, or artificial fibers such as viscose, acetic acid and protein fiber. Can make the human body feel more comfortable.
  • synthetic fiber multifilaments such as polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride and polyurethane are used.
  • Both the inner and the top layers are grid-like with a mesh density of 25-500 mesh per square inch.
  • the mat layer is supported between the inner layer and the top layer by a polypropylene fiber monofilament or a polyethylene fiber monofilament.
  • Polypropylene fiber monofilament or polyethylene fiber monofilament can be arranged irregularly, and can be arranged according to certain rules, such as traversing rows, standing in rows, or slanting at an angle.
  • the unit of mesh density mesh/square inch
  • English name is holes/inch 2 , which indicates the number of meshes per square inch of fabric.
  • the test standard is mesh size-physical counting IS07211-2: 1984.
  • the preparation method of the invention has the advantages of short production process, convenient operation and high production efficiency; low pyrethroid insecticide dosage, low cost and no need to add other emulsifiers; low working temperature and high decomposition temperature of pyrethrum
  • the esters can be used in the production; the drug content on the fabric can be accurately controlled after the dip dyeing process, and the product performance is stable.
  • the dip solution can be recycled.
  • the preparation method of the invention adopts the dip dyeing and the pyrethroid insecticide, and the fiber material is not required to be high, and the recycled synthetic fiber can be re-spinning for processing, the cost is low, and the fabric feels good after processing.
  • the insect-proof fabric prepared by the invention has good air permeability, strong resistance to insects such as mosquitoes, and long-lasting anti-mosquito effect. detailed description
  • Top layer material, veil 5 and 6, use 83dTex/144F military green polyester low elastic fiber. Second, warping:
  • the warping machine is the DS21 of KARL MAYER, Germany, with a pan head size of 21 inches.
  • the inner yarns 1 and 2, the mat layer 3, and the veil 5 and 6 correspond to the same number of pan heads, respectively.
  • the number of fiber heads in the 1st, 2nd, 5th, and 6th pan heads is 230, and the number of fiber heads in the 3rd pan head is 460, and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 are all used.
  • the speed is 400 rpm.
  • the lining material, the mat layer material and the veil material are woven by double needle bed warp knitting to make the inner layer 60/2 combed cotton fiber, the top layer is 83dTex/144F polyester fiber, and the mat layer is 33dTex/lF polyethylene.
  • the fabric obtained above is dyed in the dyeing solution, the dyeing temperature is raised to 105 °C at a rate of 2 °C/min, and the soaking time is 20 minutes; the dyeing solution is the aqueous solution of the above-mentioned emulsifiable concentrate, controlling the fabric and dip-dyeing.
  • the liquid mass ratio is 1:15, and the amount of emulsifiable concentrate is 8% of the fabric quality;
  • the inner layer will not be stained with pyrethroids during the printing process, it is inevitable that pyrethroids will adhere to the surface of the inner layer of the fibers after padding.
  • the microscopic pyrethroid adhered to the inner layer fibers can be removed by a water washing step, which is safer when using the fabric.
  • the insect-repellent fabric prepared by the method has a grid shape of the inner layer and the surface layer, and has a mesh density of 72 mesh/square inch, and has good air permeability.
  • Both the surface layer and the mat layer fiber are impregnated with deltamethrin insecticide to resist the invasion of mosquitoes.
  • the insecticides impregnated in the fiber can continuously penetrate the surface of the fiber, and continue to play an insecticidal effect, and the anti-mosquito effect lasts. .
  • the double-layered mesh structure fabric of the present invention cannot be subjected to the insecticidal coating process of the single-sided and intermediate mat layers.
  • Inner layer material lining 1 and 2, 83dTex/18F military green rayon fiber; mat layer material, mat yarn 3, 20D polypropylene fiber monofilament;
  • the top layer material, veil 5 and 6, is selected from 150D144F military green polyester (polyester) filament.
  • the mat yarn 3, the veil 5 and 6 are respectively dyed in the dyeing liquid in the form of skein or bobbin, the dip dyeing temperature is raised to 60 ° C at a rate of 1.5 ° C / min, and the dipping time is 40 min;
  • the mass ratio of the dyeing solution to 1:20, and the amount of the emulsifiable concentrate is 10% of the yarn quality.
  • the warping machine is the DS21 of KARL MAYER, Germany, with a pan head size of 21 inches.
  • the inner yarns 1 and 2, the mat layer 3, and the veil 5 and 6 correspond to the same number of pan heads, respectively. 1, 2, 5, and 6 pan heads
  • the number of fiber heads is 230, and the number of fiber heads on the 3rd pan head is 460, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 are all 4 pan heads.
  • the speed is 1000 rpm.
  • the lining material, the mat layer material and the veil material are woven by double needle bed warp knitting to make the inner layer 83dTex/18F military green rayon fiber, the surface layer 150D144F polyester (polyester) filament, and the mat layer 20D a fabric of polypropylene fiber monofilament, wherein the inner layer and the top layer are in a grid shape, and the mesh density is 25 mesh/square inch;
  • Mat yarn layer material mat yarn layer 3, 20D polypropylene fiber monofilament
  • the top layer material, veil 5 and 6, is selected from military green acrylic (polyacrylonitrile) 100D48F long ⁇ .
  • the warping machine is the DS21 of KARL MAYER, Germany, with a pan head size of 21 inches.
  • the inner yarns 1 and 2, the mat layer 3, and the veil 5 and 6 correspond to the same number of pan heads, respectively. 1, 2, 5, and 6 pan heads
  • the number of fiber heads is 230, and the number of fiber heads on the 3rd pan head is 460, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 are all 4 pan heads.
  • the speed is 400 rpm.
  • the lining material, the mat layer material and the veil material are woven by double needle bed warp knitting to make the inner layer 60/2 combed cotton fiber, the surface layer is acrylic fiber (polyacrylonitrile) 100D48F filament, and the mat layer is 20D a fabric of polypropylene fiber monofilament, wherein the inner layer and the top layer are in a grid shape, and the mesh density is 200 mesh/square inch;
  • the mosquito knockdown rate of the fabric of the present invention before washing is more than 93%, and the mosquito knockdown rate after washing 20 times is more than 75%, and the mosquito mortality rate of the fabric of the present invention before washing is 100%, washing 20 times.
  • the subsequent mosquito mortality rate is greater than 84%, demonstrating that the fabric of the present invention has an excellent insecticidal effect.
  • Test fabric pad layer washing 20 times before and after drug content Delta Deltamethrin-WHO /SIT/24.R2-1999 standard test.
  • the insect-repellent fabric prepared by the method has a gas permeability much higher than that of a general military uniform cloth, and is similar to a lace cloth.
  • the mosquito-repellent clothing made of this fabric is used in the Altay region of Xinjiang in the summer of July-August, although the mosquito density is as high as 1,700/cubic, and there are small bites and white bells.
  • the wearer is 100% protected and feels breathable and comfortable. It is needless to say that the present invention can be variously modified and modified, and is not limited to the specific configuration of the above embodiment. In conclusion, the scope of the invention should be construed as including those modifications or alternatives and modifications which are obvious to those skilled in the art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了防虫面料及其制备方法,其中一种防虫面料的制备方法,由如下步骤组成:织造里层为天然纤维、面层为合成纤维复丝、垫纱层为聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝面料,里层和面层为网格状;浸染液中浸染,温度60~105℃,时间10~120min;水洗、甩干、定型;所述浸染液为乳油水溶液,该乳油为拟除虫菊酯和醇醚溶剂按质量比为1:5~1:20混合,面料与该浸染液质量比1:7~1:20,乳油用量为面料重量5~10%。本发明的方法生产流程短,操作方便,拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂用量少。本发明的方法采用浸染外加拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂,对纤维材质要求不高。采用本发明所制备的面料,透气性能良好,抵御昆虫侵袭能力强,防蚊虫效果持久。

Description

防虫面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种面料及其制备方法, 尤其涉及一种防虫面料及其 制备方法。 背景技术
吸血昆虫不但通过刺叮骚扰人体, 而且能够传播鼠疫、 登革热、 疟疾等多种疾病。 我国边远的海南、 云南、 新疆、 内蒙古等地区, 在 夏季蚊、 蠓、 蚋、 蚤吸血昆虫活动高峰期, 人体周围的昆虫密度每立 方米空间可达上百只。 如果人们穿戴普通的夏季服装, 部分吸血昆虫 能够叮透; 如果着装过厚, 衣物透气性差, 由于气温高, 人们将难以 忍受。 因此, 着装问题严重影响着户外人员在夏季的正常活动, 造成 部队无法开展训练、 巡逻等军事活动, 林业工人、 牧民等无法出行。
中国实用新型专利说明书 CN87203525Y,公开了一种防署防蚊服。 其面料、 里料均以涤纶或腈纶蚊帐纱或其它具有多孔性的网纱为主料, 以尼龙绸为辅料, 在里料和面料之间充填有匡架式的柔性支撑物如海 绵条等, 以保证蚊虫不能隔着织物叮咬。 但由于柔性支撑物分布不均 匀, 从而造成两层蚊帐布间隔不一致, 在衣服弯曲或在地上坐卧时, 二层布面重叠, 仍然容易造成昆虫叮咬人体。
中国实用新型专利说明书 CN2799638Y, 公开了一种防蚊虫叮咬 布, 它包括有一里层、 一面层、 以及设置在里层和面层之间的至少一 垫纱层, 所述垫纱层由纤维组成。 该纤维为单丝纤维或复丝纤维, 支 撑在里层和面层之间。 该防蚊虫叮咬布釆用多层网眼组织结构, 有透 气防虫的功能效果, 但对微型昆虫小咬、 蠓、 蚋、 白蛉, 则必须减小 网眼, 但这样会导致透气效果变差。 而且, 在一些吸血昆虫活动频繁 的地方, 例如我国新疆阿勒泰地区, 夏季 7-8月的蚊虫密度高达 1700 只 /立方米,只要有 1%的微型吸血昆虫从网眼或帽子和上衣、上衣和裤 子、 裤子和鞋袜的接缝处钻入, 导致人体被叮咬, 后果难以忍受。 仅 仅釆用面料特殊结构, 并不足以抵御蚊虫的侵袭。
因此, 通过在面料中添加防虫剂生产一种防虫面料以抵御蚊虫就 成为了一个新的研究方向。
《2000年卫生杀虫剂剂型技术手册》(书刊号 ISBN7-5025-2987- X/TQ.1305 )记载,日本住友化学株式会社的 OLESET聚乙烯防虫纤维, 在喷丝阶段中的高密度聚乙烯纤维纺丝液中加入苄氯菊酯组分, 苄氯 菊酯用量为高密度聚乙烯的 2 % , 使用过程中药物会释放到纤维表面, 产生防虫作用。 但是, 拟除虫菊酯对于聚乙烯等合成纤维相当于杂质, 影响其可纺性, 常规只能喷制大于 0.15毫米的防虫合成纤维。 另外, 常规的防虫纤维喷丝工艺由于温度高, 溴氰菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯的分 解温度远低于喷丝工艺温度, 溴氰菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯将大量分解。
在现有技术, 还有涂层工艺在面料表面添加防虫剂。 但是, 常规 的防虫涂层工艺并不能对双层网眼结构织物进行单面和中间垫纱层的 加工, 并且表面含防虫剂的面料接触人皮肤会引起过敏反应。
中国发明专利申请公开说明书 CN1807751A,公开了一种用拟除虫 菊酯上染合成纤维制备防虫纺织品的方法, 试图在面料纤维中印染上 防虫剂。 该方法主要釆用二曱苯作为导染剂将拟除虫菊酯印染合成纤 维, 但由于二曱苯在 70°C以上会溶解聚乙烯、 聚丙烯等合成纤维, 印 染加工时聚乙烯、 聚丙烯等合成纤维会受到二曱苯剥蚀, 该方法并不 适宜直径小的聚乙烯、 聚丙烯等合成纤维印染拟除虫菊酯。 因此,目前 技术无法制造直径小的含溴氰菊酯杀虫剂的聚乙烯、 聚丙烯等合成纤 维。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题之一是提供一种防虫面料的制备方 法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之二是提供一种防虫面料的另外一种 制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之三是提供一种釆用上述任意一种方 法制备的防虫面料, 能够有效地防止蚊虫叮咬。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明通过以下技术方案来实现: 一种防虫面料的制备方法, 由如下步骤组成:
( 1 )面料织造: 将天然纤维织造成里层, 将合成纤维复丝织造成 面层, 将聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝织造成垫纱层, 该垫纱层 设置在该里层与该面层之间的, 该里层和该面层均为网格状, 网格密 度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸;
(2)浸染:将上述制得的面料在浸染液中浸染,浸染温度为 60〜105 °C, 浸染时间 10〜120min;
(3)水洗, 甩干;
(4)定型;
一种防虫面料的第二种制备方法, 由如下步骤组成:
( 1 )浸染: 将合成纤维复丝、 聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝 以绞纱或筒子形式分别在浸染液中浸染, 浸染温度为 60〜105 °C , 浸染 时间 10〜120 min;
( 2 )面料织造: 将天然纤维或人造纤维织造成里层, 将合成纤维 复丝织造成面层, 将聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝织造成垫纱层, 该垫纱层设置在该里层与该面层之间的, 该里层和该面层均为网格状, 网格密度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸;
( 3 )水洗、 甩干;
( 4 )定型;
具体的, 在上述两种防虫面料的制备方法中:
所述里层材料的天然纤维可以选自真丝、 棉、 麻、 竹、 绵羊毛、 山羊毛、 骆驼毛、 兔毛、 牦牛毛、 桑蚕丝和柞蚕丝之中。
特别的, 在第二种防虫面料的制备方法中, 所述里层材料还可以 用人造纤维, 所述人造纤维可以选自粘胶、 醋酸、 蛋白纤维之中。
所述面层材料的合成纤维复丝可以选自聚酯、 聚酰胺、 聚丙烯、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯腈、 聚氯乙烯、 聚氨酯纤维复丝之中。
优选的, 所述合成纤维复丝为聚丙烯纤维复丝或聚乙烯纤维复丝。 所述垫纱层的聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝的直径最好小于 0.12毫米。 因为如果单丝直径大于 0.12毫米, 就会因直径较粗, 而不 易弯屈而顶出里层和面层, 顶出部分会接触皮肤使人有粗糙、 刺疼感, 同时单丝表面的药物也会刺激人的皮肤。
所述浸染液为乳油的水溶液, 其中所述乳油为拟除虫菊酯和醇醚 溶剂按质量比为 1 :5〜1 :20 混合而成, 面料与该浸染液质量比为 1 :7-1 :20, 乳油用量为面料质量的 5〜10%。
将拟除虫菊酯加入醇醚溶剂中,加热至 40-70°C ,搅拌至完全溶解, 即可制成所述乳油; 再在乳油中加入水, 搅拌均勾, 即可制成该浸染 液。
所述浸染液中的醇醚溶剂可以选自乙二醇丁醚、 乙二醇曱醚、 乙 二醇乙醚、 乙二醇苯醚、 二乙二醇丁醚、 丙二醇曱醚、 丙二醇乙醚、 丙二醇丁醚、 乙二醇单乙醚醋酸酯, 乙二醇单烷基醚羧酸酯中的一种 或其混合物。 优选的, 为乙二醇丁醚。
所述浸染液中的拟除虫菊酯, 是一类能防治多种害虫的广谱杀虫 剂, 其杀虫能力比老一代杀虫剂如有机氯、 有机碑、 氨基曱酸酯类提 高 10 ~ 100倍。 拟除虫菊酯具有用量小、 使用浓度低, 对人畜较安全, 对环境的污染很小的特点。 在本发明中拟除虫菊酯可以选自溴氰菊酯、 三氟氯氰菊酯、 氯氰菊酯、 右旋苯醚菊酯和氯菊酯之中, 优选的, 选 自溴氰菊酯或三氟氯氰菊酯。 溴氰菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯较常用的氯菊 酯杀虫活性高一个数量级。
特别的, 在本发明中, 利用染料染色机理, 将拟除虫菊酯视为没 有发色基因的染料, 通过浸染方法将拟除虫菊酯浸染到合成纤维面料 上, 或用浸染方法将拟除虫菊酯上染到合成纤维纱线上。
印染过程中, 合成纤维受热后, 随着温度的升高产生溶涨, 纤维 分子链段的空隙增大, 结构开始松弛, 分子量较小的拟除虫菊酯进入 纤维内部, 织物冷却后, 拟除虫菊酯就被凝结在纤维中。 而使用过程 中, 合成纤维内部的拟除虫菊酯不断迁移到纤维表面, 从而产生防虫 效果。 另外, 所选用的拟除虫菊酯应具有疏水性, 不溶于水, 分子量 小于 700, 分解温度高于浸染或轧染的热处理温度, 其分子中应具有 -OH、 -CN、 -NH、 -NHR、 -NR2、 -NHCOR、 -1、 -CI、 -Br、 -N02等极 性基团。 具有一种以上的上述基团的拟除虫菊酯可通过这些基团与纤 维分子结合。
在印染后的合成纤维中, 拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂会逐渐从内部迁移、 渗透在纤维的表面。 纤维经洗涤或其它原因, 表面的药物会脱落, 纤 维中的拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂会从高浓度区域逐渐向低浓度区域迁移, 通 过一段时间, 渗透到纤维的表面。 而使用过程中, 昆虫因接触纤维上 的拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂, 导致死亡, 从而起到防虫的效果。 为提高拟除 虫菊酯杀虫剂在纤维中的迁移渗透能力, 达到最佳防虫效果, 需要选 用玻璃化温度较低, 内部分子间的空隙较大的合成纤维。
在现有的各种合成纤维中, 理化特性相差很大, 它们的玻璃化温 度自高而低排列如下:聚丙烯腈>聚氯乙烯>聚酯 >聚酰胺 >聚氨酯 >聚丙 烯>聚乙烯。 可见, 聚乙烯和聚丙烯玻璃化温度低于其他合成纤维, 其 内部分子间的空隙较大。 因此, 本发明中垫纱层选择聚丙烯纤维单丝 或聚乙烯纤维单丝; 面纱层的合成纤维复丝, 也优选聚丙烯纤维复丝 或聚乙烯纤维复 i。
由于拟除虫菊酯不溶于水, 在印染时不能直接使用。 因此, 必须 选择一种溶剂, 能够协同除虫菊酯与水形成稳定的浸染液。
发明人利用醇醚能与水相混溶、 并可溶解拟除虫菊酯的特性, 选 择配制拟除虫菊酯溶液: 将拟除虫菊酯加入醇醚溶剂中, 加热搅拌至 完全溶解, 制成乳油, 再加入水, 搅拌均勾, 即可制成该拟除虫菊酯 乳状溶液, 不需要加入其他乳化剂。
醇醚溶剂既有亲水的醇基团, 又有亲油的酸基团。 亲油的酸基团 不但能溶解拟除虫菊酯, 加热后还能溶胀合成纤维, 具有分散染料染 色时的导染剂作用。 并且, 尤为关键的是, 发明人通过大量实验, 选 择比较众多溶剂, 最终发现, 醇醚溶剂在 100°C左右时, 不会溶解聚乙 烯或聚丙烯纤维, 因此也就不会因此产生面料变形、 损伤等现象。 另 外, 醇醚溶剂毒性远较二曱苯小。
在本发明的第一种制备方法中, 由于里层材料天然纤维在与其他 合成纤维一起经含拟除虫菊酯的浸染液浸染后, 仅在天然纤维表层会 粘附少量拟除虫菊酯, 经水洗后就会完全脱落。 因此, 釆用本方法制 备的防虫面料里层将不会吸附有拟除虫菊酯, 在穿着时, 该里层材料 也就不会对人体皮肤产生刺激。 而如果釆用合成纤维或人造纤维作为 里层材料经含拟除虫菊酯的浸染液浸染后, 该拟除虫菊酯将会渗透入 里层的合成纤维或人造纤维中, 即使多次水洗后, 也不能去除。 可见, 在本发明的第一种制备方法中仅能选择天然纤维作为里层材料。
而在本发明的第二种制备方法中, 由于釆用的是垫纱层材料与面 层材料先在浸染液中浸染, 而里层材料不需经过浸染工序, 就不会出 现上述第一种方法中因里层材料吸附拟除虫菊酯而导致使用时刺激人 体皮肤的问题。 因此, 釆用第二种制备方法, 其里层材料可以选择天 然纤维或人造纤维。 以描述的工艺及设备等均是本行业常规使用的。
本发明还提供了防虫面料, 通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种防虫面料, 由里层、 面层和设置在里层与面层之间的垫纱层 组成, 所述里层为天然纤维、 所述面层为合成纤维复丝、 所述垫纱层 为聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝, 所述里层和面层均为网格状, 网格密度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸, 所述防虫面料釆用第一种方法制备 而成。
另外一种防虫面料, 由里层、 面层和设置在里层与面层之间的垫 纱层组成, 所述里层为天然纤维或人造纤维、 所述面层为合成纤维复 丝、 所述垫纱层为聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝, 所述里层和面 层均为网格状, 网格密度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸, 所述防虫面料釆用 第二种方法制备而成。
釆用上述两种方法制备的防虫面料, 其结构依次为里层、 设置在 里层与面层之间的垫纱层和面层。
里层釆用的是如真丝、 棉、 麻、 竹、 绵羊毛、 山羊毛、 骆驼毛、 兔毛、 牦牛毛、 桑蚕丝和柞蚕丝等的天然纤维或粘胶、 醋酸、 蛋白纤 维等人造纤维, 可以使人体感觉比较舒适。
面层釆用的是如聚酯、 聚酰胺、 聚丙烯、 聚乙烯、 聚丙烯腈、 聚 氯乙烯和聚氨酯等合成纤维复丝。
里层和面层均为网格状, 其网格密度为 25-500目 /平方英寸。
垫纱层釆用聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝支撑在里层和面层 之间。 聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝可以无规则的排列, 更可以 按一定的规则排列, 比如横成行、 竖成排, 或者按照一定角度斜着排 列。
在本发明中, 网格密度的单位: 目 /平方英寸, 英文名称为 holes/inch2 , 表示每平方英寸面料中的网眼数目。 测试标准为 mesh size-physical counting IS07211-2:1984。
本发明技术方案的优点, 主要体现在以下几方面:
1、 本发明的制备方法生产流程短, 操作方便, 生产效率高; 拟除 虫菊酯杀虫剂用量少, 成本低, 且不需要加其他乳化剂; 工作温度低, 大量分解温度低的拟除虫菊酯均能在生产中加以使用; 釆用浸染工艺 后织物上的药物含量能准确控制, 产品性能稳定。 浸染液可循环使用。 2、 本发明的制备方法釆用浸染外加拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂, 对纤维材 质要求不高, 可以釆用回收来的合成纤维重新喷丝进行加工, 成本低, 并且加工后面料的手感好。
3、 本发明所制备的防虫面料, 透气性能良好, 抵御蚊虫等昆虫侵 袭能力强, 防蚊虫效果持久。 具体实施方式
实施例 1
一、 原料:
里层材料, 里纱 1和 2, 选用 60/2精梳军绿色棉纤维;
垫纱层材料, 垫纱层纱 3 , 选用 33dTex/lF聚乙烯单丝纤维, 直径 约 0.09毫米;
面层材料, 面纱 5和 6, 选用 83dTex/144F军绿色涤纶低弹纤维。 二、 整经:
整经机为德国卡尔迈耶公司的 DS21 , 盘头规格 21 英寸。 里纱 1 和 2, 垫纱层 3、 面纱 5和 6分别对应同编号盘头。 1 , 2 , 5 , 6号盘头 纤维头紋根数 230根, 3号盘头纤维头紋根数 460根, 1 , 2, 3 , 5 , 6 均用 4个盘头。 机速 400转 /分。
三、 乳油制备:
将 1公斤溴氰菊酯加入 10公斤的乙二醇丁醚溶剂中, 加热至 50 °C , 搅拌至溴氰菊酯全部溶解后, 再搅拌 10分钟, 即可制成乳油。
四、 面料制备过程:
( 1 )织造用德国卡尔迈耶公司的 RD6/DPLM双针床经编机, 22E, 机幅 84英寸, 1号梳节链块排列: 10122321 , 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 2 号梳节链块排列: 23211012, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 3号梳节链块排列: 10101212 , 穿纱排列: 满穿, 5号梳节链块排列: 23211012, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 6号梳节链块排列: 10122321 , 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 上机 密度 11横列 /厘米, 机速 350转 /分;
将里纱材料、 垫纱层材料和面纱材料通过双针床经编机织造成里 层为 60/2 精梳棉纤维、 面层为 83dTex/144F 涤纶纤维、 垫纱层为 33dTex/lF 聚乙烯纤维单丝的面料, 其中, 里层和面层均为网格状, 其 网格密度为 72目 /平方英寸;
( 2 )将上述制得的面料, 在浸染液中浸染, 浸染温度以 2 °C/min 速率升至 105 °C , 浸染保温时间 20min; 所述浸染液为上述乳油的水溶 液, 控制面料和浸染液质量比为 1 : 15 , 乳油用量为面料质量的 8%;
( 3 )水洗、 离心机甩干;
( 4 )在 100 °C温度定型 , 定型时间 2min。
虽然由于天然纤维的特性, 在印染过程中里层不会染入拟除虫菊 酯, 但是不可避免的在轧染后里层的纤维表面会粘有拟除虫菊酯。 通 过水洗步骤可以将粘附在里层纤维上的微量拟除虫菊酯去除, 在使用 该面料时更加安全。
釆用本方法制备的防虫面料, 里层和面层均为网格状, 其网格密 度为 72目 /平方英寸, 透气性能良好。
面层和垫纱层纤维中均浸染溴氰菊酯杀虫剂, 抵御蚊虫侵袭能力 强, 纤维中浸染的杀虫剂能不断渗透到纤维的表面, 持续起到杀虫效 果, 防蚊虫效果持久。 而如果釆用常规的防虫涂层工艺, 则不能对本 发明的双层网眼结构织物进行单面和中间垫纱层的杀虫剂涂覆加工。
实施例 2 一、 原料:
里层材料, 里纱 1和 2, 选用 83dTex/18F军绿色人造丝纤维; 垫纱层材料, 垫纱层纱 3, 选用 20D聚丙烯纤维单丝;
面层材料, 面纱 5和 6, 选用 150D144F军绿色涤纶(聚酯)长丝。 二、 乳油制备:
将 1公斤三氟氯氰菊酯加入 5公斤的乙二醇丁醚溶剂中, 加热至 50°C, 搅拌至三氟氯氰菊酯全部溶解后, 再搅拌 10分钟, 即可制成乳 油。
三、 浸染:
将垫纱层纱 3、面纱 5和 6以绞纱或筒子形式分别在浸染液中浸染, 浸染温度以 1.5°C/min速率升至为 60 °C, 浸染保温时间 40min; 控制浸 染液中纱和浸染液质量比为 1: 20, 乳油用量为纱质量的 10%。
四、 整经:
整经机为德国卡尔迈耶公司的 DS21, 盘头规格 21 英寸。 里纱 1 和 2, 垫纱层 3、 面纱 5和 6分别对应同编号盘头。 1, 2, 5, 6号盘头 纤维头紋根数 230根, 3号盘头纤维头紋根数 460根, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 均用 4个盘头。 机速 1000转 /分。
五、 面料制备过程:
( 1 )织造用德国卡尔迈耶公司的 RD6/DPLM双针床经编机, 22E, 机幅 84英寸, 1号梳节链块排列: 10122321, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 2 号梳节链块排列: 23211012, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 3号梳节链块排列: 10101212, 穿纱排列: 满穿, 5号梳节链块排列: 23211012, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 6号梳节链块排列: 10122321, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一。 上机 密度 11横列 /厘米, 机速 400转 /分; 将里纱材料、 垫纱层材料和面纱材料通过双针床经编机织造成里 层为 83dTex/18F军绿色人造丝纤维、 面层为 150D144F涤纶(聚酯) 长丝、 垫纱层为 20D聚丙烯纤维单丝的面料, 其中, 里层和面层均为 网格状, 其网格密度为 25目 /平方英寸;
(3)水洗、 离心机甩干;
(4)在 95 °C温度定型 , 定型时间 2min。
实施例 3
一、 原料:
里层材料, 里纱 1和 2, 选用 60/2军绿色精梳棉纤维;
垫纱层材料, 垫纱层纱 3, 选用 20D聚丙烯纤维单丝;
面层材料, 面纱 5和 6, 选用军绿色腈纶(聚丙烯腈) 100D48F长 ϋ。
二、 整经:
整经机为德国卡尔迈耶公司的 DS21, 盘头规格 21 英寸。 里纱 1 和 2, 垫纱层 3、 面纱 5和 6分别对应同编号盘头。 1, 2, 5, 6号盘头 纤维头紋根数 230根, 3号盘头纤维头紋根数 460根, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 均用 4个盘头。 机速 400转 /分。
三、 乳油制备:
将 1公斤溴氰菊酯加入 20公斤的丙二醇曱醚溶剂中, 加热至 55 °C, 搅拌至溴氰菊酯全部溶解后, 再搅拌 10分钟, 即可制成乳油。
四、 面料制备过程:
( 1 )织造用德国卡尔迈耶公司的 RD6/DPLM双针床经编机, 22E, 机幅 84英寸, 1号梳节链块排列: 10122321, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 2 号梳节链块排列: 23211012, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 3号梳节链块排列: 10101212 , 穿纱排列: 满穿, 5号梳节链块排列: 23211012, 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 6号梳节链块排列: 10122321 , 穿纱排列: 穿一空一, 上机 密度 11横列 /厘米, 机速 350转 /分;
将里纱材料、 垫纱层材料和面纱材料通过双针床经编机织造成里层 为 60/2精梳棉纤维、 面层为腈纶(聚丙烯腈) 100D48F长丝、 垫纱层 为 20D聚丙烯纤维单丝的面料, 其中, 里层和面层均为网格状, 其网 格密度为 200目 /平方英寸;
( 2 )将上述制得的面料,在该浸染液中浸染,浸染温度以 2.5 °C/min 速率升至为 100°C , 浸染保温时间 50min; 控制浸染液中面料和浸染液 质量比为 1 : 7, 乳油用量为面料质量的 5%;
( 3 )水洗、 离心机甩干;
( 4 )在 100 °C温度定型, 定型时间 2.5min。
上述浸染液剩液回收利用时, 将根据面料测试结果, 新加乳油用 量按常规减少 1-2%。
实施例 4
生物测试
测试面料洗涤 20 次前后对蚊虫 的生物功效, 釆用 WHO/CDS/WHOPES/GCDPP/2005.11 , 将标准中的非洲冈比亚肥皂用 中国产的奥妙肥皂代替, 奥妙肥皂洗涤、 去污性能优于中非洲冈比亚 肥皂。 蚊虫接触面料三分钟后用糖水饲养, 测试 24小时内的状况。 表 1 : 生物测试表
Figure imgf000015_0001
由表 1数据可见, 本发明面料在洗涤前的蚊虫击倒率大于 93%, 水洗 20次后的蚊虫击倒率大于 75%,本发明面料在洗涤前的蚊虫死亡 率 100%, 水洗 20次后的蚊虫死亡率大于 84%, 证明本发明面料具有 优异的杀虫效果。
实施例 5
测试面料垫纱层洗涤 20次前后含药量: 釆用 Deltamethrin-WHO /SIT/24.R2-1999标准测试。
洗涤方法釆用 WHO/CDS/WHOPES/GCDPP/2005.11 , 将标准中的 非洲闪比亚肥皂用中国产的奥妙肥皂代替, 奥妙肥皂洗涤、 去污性能 优于中非洲冈比亚肥皂。 表 2: 水洗含药量表
Figure imgf000016_0001
由表 2数据可见, 本发明面料在水洗 20次后的面料垫纱层中拟除 虫菊酯含量远高于 WHO/CTD/WHOPES/97.2规定的标准。证明了本发 明面料具有较强的药物附着能力, 并具有较高的耐水洗涤性能。
实施例 6
功效再生
釆用 Deltamethrin-WHO/SIT/24.R2-1999的溶剂洗尽面料表面, 再 将面料在 70 °C烘箱中放置 120min,药物析出量已达 WHO的杀虫要求。
表 3: 功效再生数据表
Figure imgf000016_0002
由表 3数据可见, 本发明面料在经标准溶剂洗涤后, 表面药物被 完全洗涤去除,再经过 70°C烘箱中放置 120min后, 面料垫纱层中拟除 虫菊酯释放能力较强, 大于 38毫克 /平方米。
实施例 7
面料透气性实验
釆用 GB/T 5453-1997 ( lOOPa )标准测试。
表 4: 面料透气性表
Figure imgf000017_0001
由上表 4可见, 釆用本方法制备的的防虫面料, 其透气性远高于 一般军服布, 和蕾丝花边布相似。
由本面料制成的防蚊服夏季 7-8月在我国新疆阿勒泰地区使用, 尽管蚊虫密度高达 1700只 /立方米,还有小咬和白铃。穿着人员获 100% 的保护, 感觉透气、 舒适。 毫无疑问, 本发明, 还可以具有多种变换及改型, 并不限于上述 实施方式的具体结构。 总之, 本发明的保护范围应包括那些对于本领 域普通技术人员来说显而易见的变换或替代以及改型。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 由如下步骤组成:
( 1 )面料织造: 将天然纤维织造成里层, 将合成纤维复丝织造成 面层, 将聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝织造成垫纱层, 该垫纱层 设置在该里层与该面层之间的, 该里层和该面层均为网格状, 网格密 度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸;
(2)浸染:将上述制得的面料在浸染液中浸染,浸染温度为 60〜105 °C, 浸染时间 10〜120min;
(3)水洗, 甩干;
(4)定型;
其中, 步骤(2)所述的浸染液为乳油的水溶液, 其中所述乳油为 拟除虫菊酯和醇醚溶剂按质量比为 1:5〜1:20混合而成, 面料与该浸染 液质量比为 1:7〜1:20, 乳油用量为面料质量的 5〜10%。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述 醇醚溶剂选自乙二醇丁醚、 乙二醇曱醚、 乙二醇乙醚、 乙二醇苯醚、 二乙二醇丁醚、 丙二醇曱醚、 丙二醇乙醚、 丙二醇丁醚、 乙二醇单乙 醚醋酸酯和乙二醇单烷基酸羧酸酯中的一种或其混合物。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述 浸染液中的拟除虫菊酯选自溴氰菊酯、 三氟氯氰菊酯、 氯氰菊酯、 右 旋苯醚菊酯和氯菊酯中的一种或其混合物。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述 浸染液中的拟除虫菊酯为溴氰菊酯或三氟氯氰菊酯。
5、 一种防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 由如下步骤组成: ( 1 )浸染: 将合成纤维复丝、 聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝 以绞纱或筒子形式分别在浸染液中浸染, 浸染温度为 60〜105 °C , 浸染 时间 10〜120 min;
( 2 )面料织造: 将天然纤维或人造纤维织造成里层, 将合成纤维 复丝织造成面层, 将聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝织造成垫纱层, 该垫纱层设置在该里层与该面层之间的, 该里层和该面层均为网格状, 网格密度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸;
( 3 )水洗、 甩干;
( 4 )定型;
其中, 步骤(2 )所述的浸染液为乳油的水溶液, 其中所述乳油为 拟除虫菊酯和醇醚溶剂按质量比为 1 :5〜1 :20混合而成, 纤维丝与该浸 染液质量比为 1 :7〜1 :20, 乳油用量为纤维丝质量的 5〜10%。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述 醇醚溶剂选自乙二醇丁醚、 乙二醇曱醚、 乙二醇乙醚、 乙二醇苯醚、 二乙二醇丁醚、 丙二醇曱醚、 丙二醇乙醚、 丙二醇丁醚、 乙二醇单乙 醚醋酸酯和乙二醇单烷基酸羧酸酯中的一种或其混合物。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述 浸染液中的拟除虫菊酯选自溴氰菊酯、 三氟氯氰菊酯、 氯氰菊酯、 右 旋苯醚菊酯和氯菊酯中的一种或其混合物。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的防虫面料的制备方法, 其特征在于, 所述 浸染液中的拟除虫菊酯为溴氰菊酯或三氟氯氰菊酯。
9、 一种防虫面料, 其特征在于, 由里层、 面层和设置在里层与面 层之间的垫纱层组成, 所述里层为天然纤维、 所述面层为合成纤维复 丝、 所述垫纱层为聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝, 所述里层和面 层均为网格状, 网格密度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸, 所述防虫面料釆用 权利要求 1 ~ 4中任一项的制备方法制备而成。
10、 一种防虫面料, 其特征在于, 由里层、 面层和设置在里层与 面层之间的垫纱层组成, 所述里层为天然纤维或人造纤维、 所述面层 为合成纤维复丝、 所述垫纱层为聚丙烯纤维单丝或聚乙烯纤维单丝, 所述里层和面层均为网格状, 网格密度为 25 ~ 500目 /平方英寸, 所述 防虫面料釆用权利要求 5 ~ 8中任一项的制备方法制备而成。
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