WO2011060622A1 - 柴油发动机乳化油促成系统和方法 - Google Patents

柴油发动机乳化油促成系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011060622A1
WO2011060622A1 PCT/CN2010/001863 CN2010001863W WO2011060622A1 WO 2011060622 A1 WO2011060622 A1 WO 2011060622A1 CN 2010001863 W CN2010001863 W CN 2010001863W WO 2011060622 A1 WO2011060622 A1 WO 2011060622A1
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Prior art keywords
oil
diesel
emulsified
fuel
emulsified oil
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PCT/CN2010/001863
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈序泉
Original Assignee
福油特化工科技（深圳）有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 福油特化工科技（深圳）有限公司 filed Critical 福油特化工科技（深圳）有限公司
Priority to CN201080051880.5A priority Critical patent/CN102686865B/zh
Priority to EP10831038.4A priority patent/EP2505817A4/en
Priority to US13/511,204 priority patent/US8925498B2/en
Priority to KR1020127016156A priority patent/KR101837539B1/ko
Priority to JP2012540259A priority patent/JP5960602B2/ja
Priority to RU2012126157/06A priority patent/RU2559091C2/ru
Publication of WO2011060622A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011060622A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613—Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • F02D19/0621—Purging of the fuel system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of diesel engine technology, which enables a diesel engine to burn both diesel and emulsified oil, and can be applied to various diesel engines and boilers.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Emulsified oil is an environmentally-friendly fuel for energy saving and emission reduction, which can reduce carbon dioxide emissions while saving fuel, and is widely used.
  • emulsified oils There are many kinds of existing emulsified oils. The following problems exist in the process of use: First, the emulsified oil is unstable in the storage process, easy to stratify, resulting in inconsistent quality concentration; Second, the kinetic energy generated by the emulsified oil combustion is insufficient.
  • the oil return cylinder will be in the same time.
  • the diesel tank or the emulsified fuel tank are connected to each other, and the oil return will be mixed with the diesel oil or the emulsified oil to make the liquid level in each container; IX.
  • the current production of emulsified oil is high, and the price of diesel in the raw material is unstable and belongs to the license. Operation; Ten, the engine is difficult to start using emulsified oil. How to solve the above problems has become an important task for the development and manufacture of diesel engine emulsified oil.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a diesel engine emulsified oil promoting system and method for avoiding the deficiencies in the prior art, and converting it into diesel fuel and emulsified oil dual fuel without changing the original engine. engine.
  • the present invention can be implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: Design and manufacture a diesel engine emulsified oil enabling system, including
  • a viscous oil tank for holding viscous oil which is thoroughly mixed with water and oil-water binder
  • the emulsified oil mixing device is connected with the viscous oil water tank and the diesel fuel tank for mixing the viscous oil water and the diesel oil to obtain the emulsified oil;
  • the double fuel oil return facilitating device is respectively connected with the diesel tank, the emulsified oil mixing device, the engine return oil pipe and the main oil pipe;
  • a heat exchange device disposed on the main oil pipe, the heat exchange device being connected to the dual fuel oil return facilitating device, wherein the engine cooling water flows through the heat exchange device to heat the emulsified oil from the dual fuel oil return facilitating device;
  • the first purification pipeline is connected to the diesel tank and the oil inlet end of the main oil pipe
  • the second purification pipeline is connected to the oil outlet end of the main oil pipe and the dual fuel oil returning device
  • the dual fuel management device is respectively connected in communication with the emulsified oil mixing device, the dual fuel oil return facilitating device, and the heat exchange device for switching between supplying the engine diesel and supplying the engine emulsified oil according to the temperature of the cooling water; and igniting in the diesel engine
  • the diesel oil is controlled to flow through the auxiliary oil pipe to remove the emulsified oil in the engine, and at the same time, the diesel oil is sequentially flowed through the first purification pipe, the main oil pipe and the second purification pipeline to remove the main oil pipe and the emulsified oil disposed in the device on the main oil pipe.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil enabling system further includes a static mixer disposed between the viscous oil tank and the diesel tank and the emulsified oil mixing device.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting system further comprises: the emulsified oil mixing device comprises an emulsified oil mixing cylinder, an atomizing device and a liquid level sensor, the atomizing device is connected with the emulsified oil mixing cylinder, and the liquid level sensor is disposed in the emulsified oil In the mixing cylinder, both the atomizing device and the liquid level sensor are communicatively coupled to the dual fuel supply control device.
  • the emulsified oil mixing device comprises an emulsified oil mixing cylinder, an atomizing device and a liquid level sensor, the atomizing device is connected with the emulsified oil mixing cylinder, and the liquid level sensor is disposed in the emulsified oil In the mixing cylinder, both the atomizing device and the liquid level sensor are communicatively coupled to the dual fuel supply control device.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil enabling system further includes a dual fuel return facilitating device including a dual fuel return priming cylinder, a return valve disposed on the dual fuel return concentrating cylinder, and a fuel supply valve, the return valve The set position is higher than the set position of the oil supply.
  • a method for promoting emulsified oil of a diesel engine which comprises:
  • the ignition switch of the diesel engine is started, and the diesel fuel is supplied to the diesel engine via the auxiliary oil pipe.
  • the dual fuel management device controls the emulsified oil mixing device to circulate and mix the emulsified oil;
  • the dual fuel management device controls to close the auxiliary oil pipe valve to open the main oil pipe valve; to detect the cooling water temperature of the diesel engine, the dual fuel management device selects and supplies the diesel fuel according to the cooling water temperature.
  • the motive emulsified oil is also diesel. If the cooling water temperature exceeds the set temperature, the dual fuel management device controls the supply of the emulsified oil to the diesel engine. If the cooling water temperature is lower than the set temperature, the dual fuel management device controls the diesel fuel.
  • the engine supplies diesel fuel;
  • the emulsified oil Before the emulsified oil is supplied to the diesel engine through the main oil pipe, the emulsified oil is heated by the cooling water of the diesel engine through the heat exchange device;
  • the diesel engine ignition switch is turned off, the dual fuel management device controls the diesel engine to operate for a set time, and controls the main oil pipe valve to be closed, the auxiliary oil pipe valve is opened, the diesel oil is supplied to the diesel engine through the auxiliary oil pipe, and the emulsified oil in the engine is removed.
  • the dual fuel management device controls the diesel purge main oil pipe and the emulsified oil disposed in the device on the main oil pipe
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting method further includes: the viscous oil water and the diesel oil are mixed by a static mixer and then injected into the emulsified oil mixing device.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting method further includes the emulsified oil mixing device generating the emulsified oil in real time according to the diesel engine fuel demand.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting method further comprises: generating emulsified oil in real time comprises the following steps: the dual fuel management device controls the viscous oil and diesel to be mixed in a static mixer to enter an emulsified oil mixing cylinder;
  • the emulsified oil entering the emulsified oil mixing cylinder is driven to be atomized by the atomizing device;
  • the liquid level sensor detecting liquid level information in the emulsified oil mixing cylinder is sent to the dual fuel management device to generate a high liquid level, and the dual fuel management device controls the viscous oil in the viscous oil tank And the diesel in the diesel tank stops entering the emulsified oil mixing cylinder, and if the generated emulsified oil reaches a set low liquid level, the dual fuel management device controls the viscous oil in the viscous oil tank and the diesel in the diesel tank.
  • the emulsified oil mixing cylinder is described; at the same time, the atomizing device stops working for a certain period of time.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting method further includes: a dual fuel returning oil generating device of the dual fuel return promoting device is provided with a return valve and a fuel supply valve, wherein the return valve is disposed at a higher position than the oil supply
  • the setting position of the valve, the oil return valve and the oil supply valve both adopt a floating ball valve, and when the double fuel returning oil causes the liquid level in the cylinder to be lower than the oil supply valve, the oil supply valve is opened, The dual fuel returning oil is used to promote the emulsified oil or diesel oil.
  • the oil supply valve is closed, and the supply of the emulsified oil to the dual fuel returning oil is stopped. Or diesel.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil facilitating method further includes: if the diesel engine emulsified oil contributes to one or more of the following situations, the dual fuel management device controls supply of diesel fuel to the diesel engine through the main oil pipe; (1) The emulsified oil mixing device malfunctions;
  • the technical effect of the invention is that the water content of the emulsified oil used is as high as 33%, and the power of the diesel engine is basically unchanged, and the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction is achieved; the engine is easy to start, the operation is stable, and the emulsified oil is made.
  • the widespread use of such environmentally friendly fuels has become a reality and has extremely significant commercial value.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a system and method for emulsification oil production of a diesel engine of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an emulsified oil mixing device of the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dual fuel oil returning device of the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting system
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a heat exchange device of the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting system
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an emulsified diesel purification pipeline of the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting system
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a dual fuel management device of the diesel engine emulsified oil enabling system.
  • the diesel engine emulsified oil promoting system and method of the present invention includes:
  • An emulsified oil mixing device for continuously producing emulsified oil to the engine by means of a mixing device using viscous oil water and diesel oil.
  • the viscous oil is a solvent which is fully mixed with water and water binder and water in a volume ratio of 1: (40 ⁇ 90).
  • the pre-processed viscous oil can be quickly mixed with any diesel to achieve consistent quality.
  • the emulsified oil makes the entire system of the system more compact.
  • the oil-water binder is a surfactant, which can be used in the United States LUBRIZOL The oil-water binder produced by the company or produced by GECAM of Italy. As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig.
  • the ignition switch of the diesel engine is started, and after the speed is stabilized, the electromagnetic cymbal 8 is opened under the control of the dual fuel management device, and the atomizing pump 24 is started at the same time, and the emulsified oil in the cylinder is discharged from the atomizing pump inlet 40.
  • the atomizing pump 24 is sprayed into the cylinder through the atomizing nozzle 36; the emulsified oil in the emulsified oil mixing cylinder is sprayed into the cylinder through the electromagnetic valve 8, the atomizing pump 24, and the atomizing nozzle 36; 24 stops working and solenoid valve 8 closes.
  • the purpose is to make the quality of the emulsified oil in the cylinder consistent.
  • the solenoid valve 6 is always closed at the set time after the diesel engine ignition switch is activated.
  • the cooling water temperature sensor 49 detects the temperature of the cooling water to the set temperature
  • the solenoid valve 1 and the automatic pressure switch pump 25 are turned on, the solenoid valve 3 is closed, and the emulsified oil is started.
  • the emulsified oil enters the next device through the emulsified oil mixing cylinder 18, the solenoid valve 1, and the automatic pressure switch pump 25.
  • the amount of oil in the emulsified oil mixing cylinder 18 is sensed by the liquid level sensor 34.
  • the first step is to mix the oil in proportion; the viscous oil and the diesel oil According to the ratio of volume ratio 1: (1.5 ⁇ 3); viscous oil from the viscous oil tank 30, through the filter 11, the flow meter 28, the manual flow valve 37, the solenoid valve 9, the oil distribution pump 22, the check valve 50;
  • the diesel tank 31 is discharged through the filter 12, the manual flow valve 38, the flow meter 29, the electric flow valve 39, the solenoid valve 10, the oil distribution pump 23, and the check valve 51, and is mixed by the static mixer 20, and then emulsified through the nozzle 35.
  • the oil mixing cylinder 18; the second step is to make the water particles of the emulsified oil more dilute and more uniform after the atomization work; start the atomizing pump 24, and the emulsified oil mixing cylinder 18 emulsified oil is discharged from the atomizing pump inlet 40 through the atomizing pump 24 The emulsified oil atomizing nozzle 36 is sprayed into the cylinder.
  • the emulsified oil in the cylinder reaches the high level of the liquid level sensor 34, the oil distribution is stopped, and after the set time, the atomizing pump 24 stops working.
  • the low level of the emulsified oil mixing cylinder is set to about one third of the lower part of the cylinder wall, and the emulsified oil circulation outlet is lower than the low level sensor.
  • the top of the cylinder has an exhaust float valve 41 and various pipe inspection ports.
  • the use of the above emulsified oil mixing device has the following effects: 1.
  • the production process of the viscous oil water is simple, the quality is easy to control, and the production is easier to be promoted, so that the viscous oil water becomes an ordinary commodity, and the sales outlets are popular; 2.
  • the quality can be produced in a short time.
  • Stable emulsified oil 3.
  • the upper part of the emulsified oil mixing cylinder is mixed with emulsified oil, and the lower part is stored and supplied with emulsified oil, which makes the equipment more compact and easy to promote.
  • the dual fuel oil returning device as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, the engine returns to the dual fuel return oil to facilitate the cylinder, and the two float valves or solenoid valves separate the oil return from the emulsified oil mixing cylinder and the diesel tank to avoid oil return. Entry ensures the quality of the emulsified oil and diesel, while avoiding the turbulence of the liquids in the two containers and discharging the air back into the oil.
  • the return oil of the diesel emulsified oil dual-fuel engine has air and diesel or emulsified oil, and enters the dual fuel return oil-promoting cylinder 19 through the oil return valve 43 through the engine oil return pipe 43, and the air in the return oil is discharged.
  • the air flotation ball valve 42 is exhausted, and the return oil continues to enter the main oil pipe 47.
  • Fuel is controlled by oil supply valve 44 Supply. Mainly relying on two valve control, the oil supply valve 44 controls the supplementary fuel, the oil return valve 44 is responsible for inputting the return oil, and the return oil valve 43 is set higher than the oil supply valve 44, so that the oil return pipe and the oil supply pipe are separated, and the priority is given. The output is returned to the oil for combustion.
  • the dual fuel oil returning device has the following effects due to the discharge of air back to the oil, preferential use of oil return and then replenishment of diesel or emulsified oil: 1. Avoid returning oil into the diesel tank and the emulsified oil mixing cylinder to prevent oil return and fuel mutual Mixing and reducing fuel quality; 2.
  • Heat exchange device used to heat the waste heat generated by the engine in the cooling water, improve the water content of the emulsified oil, increase the temperature of the emulsified oil, and reduce the viscosity of the emulsified oil.
  • the heat generated by the engine is discharged by the cooling water through the radiator.
  • the temperature of the cooling water is controlled by the thermostat and the radiator at around 80 degrees Celsius.
  • the heat energy of the cooling water is safe and environmentally friendly.
  • the diesel engine ignition switch when the diesel engine ignition switch is started, it is controlled by the dual fuel management device, the electromagnetic valve 7 is closed, and the electromagnetic reading 2 is turned on to supply diesel oil through the auxiliary oil pipe 45; after a set time, for example, 1 minute, the electromagnetic valve 2 is closed.
  • the solenoid valve 7 is opened, and the fuel is supplied through the main oil pipe 47.
  • the engine cooling water temperature sensor measures that the water temperature is higher than the set temperature
  • the supply of the emulsified oil is started, and the emulsified oil is heated by the heat exchanger 21, passes through the main oil pipe 47, and the filter. 13.
  • the solenoid valve 7, the auxiliary oil pump 26, and the engine oil pump 27 are supplied to the engine.
  • the use of the heat exchange device has the following effects: 1. reducing the viscosity of the emulsified oil, improving the spray quality, and facilitating full combustion; 2. increasing the water content of the emulsified oil; 3. increasing the oil supply amount of the emulsified oil; 4. making the emulsified oil and the diesel oil
  • the generated power is similar: 5. The engine runs smoothly when the emulsified oil is used.
  • Purification pipeline used for shutdown, using diesel to remove the oil circuit and the emulsified oil in the engine, to prevent the emulsified oil from separating the moisture on the high pressure pump and the nozzle of the engine and damaging the machine; at the same time, ensuring the normal start of the diesel engine.
  • the system is divided into two lines. When the ignition switch of the diesel engine is turned off, the time delay of the engine is set by the time relay in the dual fuel management system, and the purification operation is started.
  • the solenoid valve 2 is opened, the solenoid valve 7 is closed, and the diesel fuel is injected into the engine from the diesel tank 31 via the auxiliary oil pipe 45, the filter 14, and the engine oil pump 27, and the emulsified oil in the engine and the auxiliary oil pump 26 are removed to the engine.
  • the one-way valve 17 prevents diesel from flowing back from the main oil pipe into the dual fuel return ejector 19.
  • the use of diesel purification engine and main oil pipe has the following effects: 1. Preventing the emulsified oil from separating the moisture damage ring engine parts; 2. The engine diesel oil is easier to start; 3. The main oil pipe is diesel fuel, which is convenient for the engine to start after starting.
  • Dual fuel management device It is used to control the coordinated operation of the diesel engine emulsified oil to facilitate the system, so that the emulsified oil and diesel can be smoothly converted to meet the dual fuel demand of the engine for diesel and emulsified oil, and to ensure the normal operation of the engine!
  • the diesel engine when the diesel engine is started, it is controlled by the dual fuel management device, and the diesel oil is first supplied through the auxiliary oil pipe; after the rotation speed is stabilized, the diesel engine emulsified oil is promoted to start the preparation work; the electromagnetic cabinet 8 is opened, and the atomization is started at the same time.
  • the emulsified oil in the cylinder is discharged from the atomizing pump inlet 40, and is sprayed into the cylinder through the atomizing pump 24 to the atomizing nozzle 36: the emulsified oil in the emulsified oil supply pipe is driven from the emulsified oil through the solenoid valve 8, the mist
  • the pump 24 is sprayed into the cylinder by the atomizing nozzle 36; after a set time, the pump 24 stops working and the solenoid valve 8 is closed.
  • the engine start set time is converted into the main oil supply; when the engine cooling water temperature sensor detects that the cooling water temperature reaches the set temperature, it is controlled by the dual fuel management device to be converted into the supplied emulsified oil.
  • the engine cooling water temperature sensor When the engine cooling water temperature sensor measures that the cooling water temperature is lower than the set temperature, it is controlled by the dual fuel management device and converted to supply diesel fuel.
  • the management of the flow valve, the flow meter, and the pump In the emulsified oil mixing device, the management of the flow valve, the flow meter, and the pump is controlled so that the viscous oil and the diesel oil are mixed according to the set ratio standard.
  • the ignition switch of the diesel engine is turned off, the engine is set to run for a set time by the programmable controller. At this time, the purification work starts, and the diesel oil is used to remove the oil path and the emulsified oil in the engine.
  • the dual fuel management system will preferentially supply diesel according to the situation: (1) the emulsified oil mixing device fails; (2) the engine cooling water temperature is low. At the set temperature; (3) the level of the viscous oil tank containing the viscous oil is below the set level; (4) the level of the diesel tank is below the set level.
  • the use of the above dual fuel management device has the following effects: 1. Coordinated control of the entire emulsified oil promoting system; 2. Control of conversion of diesel and emulsified oil; Diesel engine when starting engine, suitable for conversion to emulsified oil; Shutdown with diesel to remove engine and Emulsified oil in the oil circuit; 3. In the system, the diesel is preferentially supplied in case of failure.
  • the system of the invention is installed on a Cummins inline 6-cylinder 400 hp diesel generator for the welding work of the shipyard.
  • the diesel oil is first supplied through the auxiliary oil pipe; the electromagnetic valve 2 is opened, the electromagnetic valve 7 is closed, the diesel oil is passed through the auxiliary oil pipe, The filter and the generator oil pump are input to the generator. After the speed is stable, the diesel engine emulsified oil helps the system to start working.
  • the solenoid valve 8 is opened under the control of the dual fuel management device, and the atomizing pump 24 is activated at the same time.
  • the emulsified oil in the cylinder is discharged from the atomizing pump inlet 40, and is sprayed into the cylinder through the atomizing pump 24 to the atomizing nozzle 36.
  • the emulsified oil in the emulsified oil supply pipe is sprayed into the cylinder from the emulsified oil starting circulation pipe through the electromagnetic valve 8, the atomizing pump 24, and the atomizing nozzle 36.
  • the atomizing pump 24 was stopped and the solenoid valve 8 was closed.
  • the engine is started for 1 minute, it is converted into the main oil pipe for oil supply.
  • the solenoid valves 3, 6, and 7 are opened, and the solenoid valves 1, 2, 4, and 5 are closed.
  • the diesel oil is filtered through the filter, the automatic pressure switch pump, the main oil pipe, and the double fuel oil.
  • the cylinder, the heat exchanger, the auxiliary oil pump, and the generator oil pump are input to the generator.
  • the generator cooling water temperature sensor measures the water temperature to 60 degrees, it is controlled by the dual fuel management device and converted to supply emulsified oil.
  • the solenoid valve 1 and the automatic pressure switch pump 25 are opened, the solenoid valve 3 is closed, and the emulsified oil is started.
  • the emulsified oil enters the next device through the emulsified oil mixing cylinder 18, the solenoid valve 1, and the automatic pressure switch pump 25.
  • the amount of oil in the emulsified oil mixing cylinder 18 is sensed by the liquid level sensor 34.
  • the oil distribution is started by the programmable controller in the dual fuel management device, and the ratio of the viscous oil to the diesel oil is 1:2. .
  • the viscous oil water exits from the viscous oil tank 30, passes through the filter 11, the flow meter 28, the manual flow valve 37, the solenoid valve 9, the oil distribution pump 22, the one-way threshold 50; the diesel oil exits from the diesel tank 31, passes through the filter 12, and the manual flow valve 38
  • the flow meter 29, the electric flow valve 39, the solenoid valve 10, the oil distribution pump 23, and the check valve 51 are collectively mixed by the static mixer 20, and then enter the emulsified oil mixing cylinder 18 via the head 35.
  • the atomizing pump 24 is started, and the emulsified oil in the cylinder is discharged from the atomizing pump inlet 40, and is sprayed into the cylinder through the atomizing pump 24 to the emulsified oil atomizing nozzle 36. Mix the two liquids thoroughly.
  • the emulsified oil in the cylinder reaches the high level of the liquid level sensor 34, the oil distribution is stopped, and after 2 minutes, the electromagnetic valve 8 is closed, and the atomizing pump 24 stops working.
  • the return oil of the generator passes through the return oil return pipe of the generator and enters the double fuel return oil to form a cylinder.
  • the air in the return oil is discharged through the exhaust float valve, and the return oil continues to enter the main oil pipe, and the fuel is controlled by the oil supply valve to supply oil; When there is less oil return, the fuel supply valve opens the input fuel.
  • the ignition switch of the diesel generator is turned off, the engine is operated for 1 minute through the time relay in the dual fuel management device. At this time, the purification work is started. In the first line, the electromagnetic wide 2 is turned on, the electromagnetic valve 7 is closed, and the diesel is diesel.
  • the tank 31 is burned into the engine through the auxiliary oil pipe 45, the filter 14, and the engine oil pump 27, and the emulsified oil in the engine and the emulsified oil in the pipe of the auxiliary oil pump 26 to the engine oil pump 27 are removed; the solenoid valve 3, 4 in the other line 5, solenoid valve 1, 6 closed, diesel from diesel tank 31 through filter 15, solenoid valve 3, automatic pressure switch pump 26, purification line 48, electromagnetic wide 4, heat exchanger 21, filter 13, solenoid valve 5. Enter the dual fuel return oil to promote the cylinder 19, and remove the emulsified oil in the main oil pipe. All stopped after 1 minute.
  • the one-way valve 17 prevents diesel from flowing back from the main oil pipe into the dual fuel return ejector 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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柴油发动机乳化油促成系统和方法 技术领域 本发明涉及柴油发动机技术领域，能够使柴油发动机既可以燃烧柴油又可 以燃烧乳化油， 可应用于各类柴油发动机、 锅炉领域。 背景技术 乳化油是一种节能减排的环保燃料，可以在节约燃料的同时减少二氧化碳 的排放，应用广泛。 现有的乳化油有很多种，在使用过程中存在以下几种问题：一、乳化油 在储存过程中性状不稳定，容易分层，造成品质浓度不一致； 二、 乳化油燃烧产生的动力不 足，目前研究报告证明乳化油水分含量越高动力越低； 三、 乳化油粘度太高； 四、 发动机怠速 运转不平稳； 五、 发动机使用乳化油后，要换回柴油很麻烦，例如：专利号： 03227816.0《柴 油乳化装置》只能选择用油，不能转换油路； 六、 乳化油销售网点不普及，品牌不同品质不 一样，不能混合使用; 七、 目前使用乳化油的用户少，不普及，只是少数市内公交车、 洋 船、 锅炉、 发电厂；八、 目前^：动机没有完善的柴油和乳化油的双燃料系统，例如：申请号： 200820089521.9《柴油发发动机乳化油柴油双燃料供油系统》，它没有完全解决回油的问题， 它的回油中有空气和柴油或乳化油，都回到乳化油箱或者柴油箱会使箱内燃料品质不标准， 在实际使用中无法实施； 如果另外再做一个回油筒，由于使用的是双燃料，那么在同一时间 内回油筒会与柴油箱或乳化油箱互相连通，回油会与柴油或乳化油相互窜流参杂，从而使各 容器内液面水平； 九、 目前生产乳化油成本高， 原料中的柴油价格不稳定且属于特许经营; 十、 发动机使用乳化油起动困难。 如何解决以上问题，就成为柴油发动机乳化油促成系统研 发制造的重要任务。 发明内容本发明所要解决的技术问题是为了避免现有技术中不足之处而提出一种柴 油发动机乳化油促成系统和方法， 在不改变原发动机的基础上将其转换成柴油和乳化油双燃 料发动机。
本发明可以通过采用以下技术方案来实现： 设计、 制造一种柴油发动机乳化油促成系统，包括
粘油水箱 ,用于盛放由水和油水结合剂充分混合的粘油水；
乳化油混合装置，与粘油水箱和柴油箱连接，用于混合粘油水和柴油得到乳化油； 双燃料回油促成装置，分别与柴油箱、 乳化油混合装置、 发动机回油管和主油管连接； 换热装置，设置于主油管上，所述换热装置与双燃料回油促成装置相连，发动机冷却水 流经该换热装置给来自双燃料回油促成装置的乳化油加热；
第一净化管道和第二净化管道，第一净化管道连接柴油箱和主油管进油端，第二净化管 道连接主油管出油端和双燃料回油促成装置；
双燃料管理装置 '分别与乳化油混合装置、 双燃料回油促成装置、 换热装置通信连接， 用于根据冷却水的温度在供给发动机柴油和供给发动机乳化油之间切换；以及在柴油发动机 点火开关关闭后，控制柴油流经副油管清除发动机内的乳化油，同时控制柴油依次流经第一 净化管道、 主油管和第二净化管道以清除主油管和设置于主油管上装置内的乳化油。
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统进一步包括 述粘油水箱和柴油箱与乳化油混合装置 之间设置有静态混合器。
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统进一步包括：所述乳化油混合装置包括乳化油混合筒、 雾化装置和液位传感器，所述雾化装置和乳化油混合筒连通，液位传感器设置在乳化油混合 筒内，所述雾化装置和液位传感器均与双燃料供给控制装置通信连接。
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统进一步包括 述双燃料回油促成装置包括双燃料回油 促成筒、 设置于所述双燃料回油促成筒上的回油阀和供油阀，所述回油阀设置位置高于所述 供油阔的设置位置。
提出一种柴油发动机乳化油促成方法，包括：
柴油发动机点火开关启动，经副油管由柴油箱向柴油发动机供给柴油，发动机转速稳定 后，双燃料管理装置控制乳化油混合装置循环混合乳化油；
经过设定时间，所述双燃料管理装置控制关闭所述副油管阀门，开启主油管阀门； 检测柴油发动机的冷却水温度 述双燃料管理装置根据该冷却水温度选择供给柴油发 动机乳化油还是柴油，如果冷却水温度超过设定温度 ,所述双燃料管理装置则控制向柴油发 动机供给乳化油，如果冷却水温度低于设定温度，所述双燃料管理装置则控制向柴油发动机 供给柴油；
经主油管供给乳化油至柴油发动机之前，乳化油由柴油发动机的冷却水通过换热装置加 热；
柴油发动机点火开关关闭，所述双燃料管理装置控制柴油发动机延吋运行一设定时间， 并控制主油管阀门关闭，副油管阀门开启，通过副油管向柴油发动机供给柴油，清除发动机 内的乳化油；同时所述双燃料管理装置控制柴油清除主油管和设置于主油管上装置内的乳化 油
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成方法进一步包括：粘油水和柴油经过静态混合器混合后迸入 所述乳化油混合装置。
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成方法进一步包括 述乳化油混合装置是按柴油发动机燃料 需求量实时生成乳化油。
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成方法进一步包括：实时生成乳化油包括以下步骤： 所述双燃料管理装置控制所述粘油水和柴油按比例经静态混合器混合后进入乳化油混 合筒；
进入乳化油混合筒内的乳化油由雾化装置驱动循环雾化；
所述乳化油混合筒内的液位传感器检测液位信息发送给所述双燃料管理装置 果所生 成的乳化油达到设定高液位，所述双燃料管理装置控制粘油水箱内的粘油水和柴油箱内的柴 油停止进入所述乳化油混合筒，如果所生成的乳化油达到设定低液位，所述双燃料管理装置 控制粘油水箱内的粘油水和柴油箱内的柴油进入所述乳化油混合筒；同时所述雾化装置延时 一定吋间再停止工作。
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成方法进一步包括： m述双燃料回油促成装置的双燃料回油促 成筒内设置有回油阀和供油阀，所述回油阀设置位置高于所述供油阀的设置位置，所述回油 阀和供油阀均采用浮球阀，当所述双燃料回油促成筒内液位低于供油阀，则供油阀开启，向 所述双燃料回油促成筒供^乳化油或柴油，当所述双燃料回油促成筒内液位高于供油阔，则 供油阀关闭，停止向双燃料回油促成筒供给乳化油或柴油。
所述柴油发动机乳化油促成方法进一步包括：如果柴油发动机乳化油促成系统内发生如 下情形中一种或一种以上，所述双燃料管理装置控制通过主油管向柴油发动机供给柴油； ( 1 )所述乳化油混合装置发生故障；
( 2 )发动机冷却水温度低于设定温度；
( 3 )盛放粘油水的粘油水箱液位处于设定液位以下；
( 4 )柴油箱液位处于设定液位以下。
同现有技术相比较，本发明技术效果在于：使用的乳化油含水量高达 33% ,且柴油发 动机的动力基本不变，达到了节能减排的目的；发动机起动容易、 运转平稳，使乳化油这种 环保燃料的普及使用成为现实，具有极其重大的商业价值。 附图说明
图 1是本发明柴油发动机乳化油促成系统和方法示意图；
图 2是所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统的乳化油混合装置示意图；
图 3是所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统的双燃料回油促成装置示意图；
图 4是所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统的换热装置示意图；
图 5是所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统的乳化柴油净化管道示意图；
图 6是所述柴油发动机乳化油促成系统的双燃料管理装置示意图。 具体实施方式以下结合附图所示之优选实施例作进一步详述。
本发明柴油发动机乳化油促成系统和方法，如图 1至图 6所示，包括：
乳化油混合装置，用于按比例用粘油水和柴油经混合设备连续生产出乳化油供给发动 机。粘油水是油水结合剂和水按照体积比为 1 : ( 40~90 )的比例充分混合而成的一种溶剂，经 事先加工好的粘油水可以迅速与任何柴油互相混合，达到品质稳定一致的乳化油，从而使整 个促成系统的设备更加小巧。其中 ，油水结合剂是一种表面活性剂，可以采用美国 LUBRIZOL 公司生产的或者意大利 GECAM公司生产的油水结合剂。如图 2和图 6所示，柴油发动机点火开 关启动，转速稳定后，在双燃料管理装置控制下电磁阖 8打开，同时启动雾化泵 24 ,筒内乳化 油从雾化泵进口 40出，经雾化泵 24到雾化喷头 36喷入筒内；乳化油混合筒内的乳化油经电磁 阀 8、 雾化泵 24到雾化喷头 36喷入筒内；经过设定吋间雾化泵 24停止工作， 电磁阀 8关闭。 目 的是使筒内的乳化油品质一致。 在柴油发动机点火开关启动后的设定时间电磁阀 6始终关闭。 当冷却水温度传感器 49测得冷却水温度到设定温度时，打开电磁阀 1和自动压力开关泵 25，关 闭电磁阀 3 ,开始供乳化油。 乳化油经乳化油混合筒 18、 电磁阀 1、 自动压力开关泵 25进入下 一装置。 乳化油混合筒 18内的油量由液位传感器 34感应，当到达低位时 ,由双燃料管理装置 中的可编程控制器控制开始工作：第一步是按比例配油混合；粘油水与柴油按照体积比 1： ( 1.5〜3 )的比例；粘油水从粘油水箱 30出、 经过滤器 11、 流量计 28、 手动流量阀 37、 电磁阀 9、 配油泵 22、 单向阀 50 ;柴油从柴油箱 31出，经过滤器 12、 手动流量阀 38、 流量计 29、 电动 流量阀 39、 电磁阀 10、 配油泵 23、 单向阀 51 ,共同通过静态混合器 20混合后，经喷头 35进入 乳化油混合筒 18；第二步是经过雾化工作使乳化油的水粒更稀更一致；启动雾化泵 24 ,乳化 油混合筒 18乳化油从雾化泵进口 40出，经雾化泵 24到乳化油雾化喷头 36喷入筒内。 当筒内乳 化油达到液位传感器 34高位时即停止配油，经过设定时间后雾化泵 24停止工作。 该乳化油混 合筒液位低位设定为筒壁下部约三分之一处，乳化油循环出口低于低位传感器。 筒顶有排气 浮球阀 41和各个管道检修口。 使用上述乳化油混合装置会有以下效果： 1.粘油水生产工艺简 单，品质容易控制，更易推广生产，使得粘油水成为一种普通商品，销售网点普及； 2.能在 短时间内生产出品质稳定的乳化油；3. 乳化油混合筒上半部分混合乳化油，下半部分存储供 应乳化油，使促成设备更加小巧，便于推广。
双燃料回油促成装置，如图 3和图 6所示，发动机回油进入双燃料回油促成筒，两个浮球 阀或电磁阀将回油与乳化油混合筒、 柴油箱分开，避免回油进入，保障了乳化油和柴油的品 质，同时避免两容器内的液体互相窜流，并排出回油中的空气。如图 3所示，柴油乳化油双燃 料发动机的回油内有空气和柴油或乳化油，经发动机回油管 46通过回油阀 43进入双燃料回油 促成筒 19 ,回油内的空气经排气浮球阀 42排出，回油继续进入主油管 47。 燃料由供油阀 44控 制供应。 主要依靠两个阀控制，供油阀 44控制补充燃料，回油阀 44负责输入回油，回油阀 43 的设置位置高于供油阀 44，使回油管道和供油管道分开，且优先输出回油燃烧。 当双燃料回 油促成器 19内油量较少时，供油阀 44打开， 自动压力开关泵 25启动，输入燃料；当双燃料回 油促成器 19内油面高于供油阀 44时，供油阀 44关闭，回油管道就和供油管道分开， 自动压力 开关泵 25停止工作。 双燃料回油促成装置由于排出回油中的空气、 优先使用回油然后再补充 柴油或乳化油，具有以下效果： 1.避免回油进入柴油箱和乳化油混合筒，防止回油和燃料互 相参杂而降低燃料品质； 2. 可避免各容器内的液体互相窜流，致使各容器内液面水平； 3.排 出回油中的空气； 4、 自动压力开关泵使用压力供油，使得乳化油混合筒和双燃料回油促成器 安装灵活。
换热装置：用于将冷却水中发动机产生的废热，通过换热器来提高乳化油的含水量、提 高乳化油温度、 降低乳化油粘度。 发动机产生的热量是由冷却水经过散热器来排放，冷却水 的温度由恒温器和散热器控制在 80摄氏度左右，利用冷却水的热能既安全又环保。如图 4所示 在当柴油发动机点火开关启动时由双燃料管理装置控制，电磁阀 7关闭，电磁阅 2打开通过副 油管 45供应柴油；经过设定时间如 1分钟后，电磁阀 2关闭，电磁阀 7打开，通过主油管 47供应 燃料，当发动机冷却水温度传感器测得水温高于设定温度时，开始供应乳化油，乳化油经换 热器 21加热后，通过主油管 47、过滤器 13、 电磁阀 7、辅油泵 26、发动机输油泵 27供给发动机。 使用该换热装置会有以下效果： 1.降低乳化油粘度，提高喷雾质量，便于充分燃烧； 2.提高乳 化油含水量； 3.提高乳化油的供油量； 4.使乳化油跟柴油产生的动力相近： 5.发动机使用乳化 油时怠速运转平稳。
净化管道：用于停机吋使用柴油清除掉油路和发动机内的乳化油，避免乳化油在发动机 的高压泵和喷头上分离出水分而损害机件；同时保障了发动机使用柴油的正常启动。 如图 5 所示，该系统分两条线路，在柴油发动机点火开关关闭时，经双燃料管理系统内的时间继电 器设置发动机延时运行设定时间，此时开始净化工作。 第一条线路中电磁阀 2开启，电磁阀 7 关闭，柴油从柴油箱 31经副油管 45、 过滤器 14、 发动机输油泵 27进发动机内燃烧，清除发动 机内乳化油和辅油泵 26出口到发动机输油泵 27管道内的乳化油；另一条线路中电磁阀 3、 4、 5 开启，电磁阀 1、 6关闭，柴油从柴油箱 31经过滤器 15、 电磁阀 3、 自动压力开关泵 26、 净化管 路 48、 电磁阀 4、 换热器 21、 过滤器 13、 电磁阀 5、 进入双燃料回油促成器 19，清除主油管内 的乳化油。 单向阀 17避免柴油从主油管倒流入双燃料回油促成器 19。 使用柴油净化发动机和 主油管具有以下效果：1.防止乳化油分离出的水分损环发动机机件；2.发动机用柴油更容易启 动； 3、 主油管内是柴油，便于发动机启动后的运转。
双燃料管理装置：用于控制柴油发动机乳化油促成系统协调有序地运行，使乳化油和柴 油平稳转换，满足发动机对柴油和乳化油的双燃料需求，并且保障发动机的正常运 ί!。 如图 1、 6所示，当柴油发动机启动时，由双燃料管理装置控制，先通过副油管供应柴油；转速平 稳后柴油发动机乳化油促成装置开始准备工作；电磁阁 8打开，同时启动雾化泵 24 ,筒内乳 化油从雾化泵进口 40出，经雾化泵 24到雾化喷头 36喷入筒内：乳化油供油管内的乳化油从 乳化油开机循环管经电磁阀 8、 雾化泵 24到雾化喷头 36喷入筒内；经过设定时间后泵 24停 止工作，电磁阀 8关闭。 发动机启动设定时间转换成主油管供油；当发动机冷却水温度传感 器测得冷却水温度达到设定温度时，由双燃料管理装置控制，转换为供应乳化油。 当发动机 冷却水温度传感器测得冷却水温度低于设定温度时，由双燃料管理装置控制，转换为供应柴 油。 在乳化油混合装置中通过对流量阀、 流量计、 泵的管理控制，使得粘油水和柴油按设定 比例标准混合。柴油发动机点火开关关闭时，经可编程控制器设置发动机还要运行设定时间， 此时净化工作开始进行，用柴油清除油路和发动机内的乳化油。 当系统中的电子设备有以下 信息反馈时，双燃料管理系统为保障发动机的正常运转，会根据情况优先供应柴油：（ 1 )所 述乳化油混合装置发生故障；（ 2 )发动机冷却水温度低于设定温度；（ 3 )盛放粘油水的粘油 水箱液位处于设定液位以下；（ 4 )柴油箱液位处于设定液位以下。 使用上述双燃料管理装置 有以下效果： 1.协调控制整个乳化油促成系统；2.控制柴油和乳化油的转换；发动机启动时用 柴油，适吋转换成乳化油；关机用柴油清除掉发动机和油路中的乳化油； 3、 系统中一旦发生 故障优先供应柴油。
本发明系统安装在康明斯直列 6缸 400马力柴油发电机上，用于船厂的电焊工作。当柴 油发动机启动时，先通过副油管供应柴油；电磁阀 2打开， 电磁阀 7关闭，柴油经副油管、 过滤器、 发电机输油泵输入发电机。 转速平稳后柴油发动机乳化油促成系统开始工作。 在双 燃料管理装置控制下电磁阀 8打开，同时启动雾化泵 24 ,筒内乳化油从雾化泵进口 40出， 经雾化泵 24到雾化喷头 36喷入筒内。 乳化油供油管内的乳化油从乳化油开机循环管经电磁 阀 8、 雾化泵 24到雾化喷头 36喷入筒内。 2分钟后雾化泵 24停止工作， 电磁阀 8关闭。 发 动机启动 1分钟后转换成主油管供油，将电磁阀 3、 6、 7打开，关闭电磁阀 1、 2、 4、 5 ,柴 油经过滤器、 自动压力开关泵、 主油管、 双燃料回油促成筒、 换热器、 辅油泵、 发电机输油 泵输入发电机。 当发电机冷却水温度传感器测得水温到 60度时，由双燃料管理装置控制，转 换为供应乳化油。 打开电磁阀 1和自动压力开关泵 25，关闭电磁阀 3，开始供乳化油。 乳化 油经乳化油混合筒 18、 电磁阀 1、 自动压力开关泵 25进入下一装置。 乳化油混合筒 18内的 油量由液位传感器 34感应，当到达低位时，由双燃料管理装置中的可编程控制器控制开始配 油，粘油水与柴油按照体积比为 1： 2的比例。 粘油水从粘油水箱 30出、 经过滤器 11、 流量 计 28、 手动流量阀 37、 电磁阀 9、配油泵 22、单向阈 50；柴油从柴油箱 31出，经过滤器 12、 手动流量阀 38、 流量计 29、 电动流量阀 39、 电磁阀 10、 配油泵 23、 单向阀 51，共同通过静 态混合器 20混合后，经喷头 35进入乳化油混合筒 18。 同吋启动雾化泵 24 ,筒内乳化油从雾 化泵进口 40出，经雾化泵 24到乳化油雾化喷头 36喷入筒内。充分混合两种液体。 当筒内乳 化油达到液位传感器 34高位时即停止配油， 2分钟后电磁阀 8关闭，雾化泵 24停止工作。 发电机回油经发电机回油管通过回油阀进入双燃料回油促成筒，回油内的空气经排气浮球阀 排出，回油继续进入主油管，燃料由供油阀控制供油；当回油较少时，供油阀打开输入燃料。 在柴油发电机点火开关关闭时，经双燃料管理装置内的时间继电器设置发动机还要运行 1分 钟，此时开始净化工作，第一条线路中电磁阔 2开启，电磁阀 7关闭，柴油从柴油箱 31经副 油管 45、过滤器 14、 发动机输油泵 27进发动机内燃烧，清除发动机内乳化油和辅油泵 26出 口到发动机输油泵 27管道内的乳化油；另一条线路中电磁阀 3、 4、 5开启，电磁阀 1、 6关 闭，柴油从柴油箱 31经过滤器 15、 电磁阀 3、 自动压力开关泵 26、 净化管路 48、 电磁阔 4、 换热器 21、 过滤器 13、 电磁阀 5、 进入双燃料回油促成筒 19 ,清除主油管内的乳化油。 1分 钟后全部停止。 单向阀 17避免柴油从主油管倒流入双燃料回油促成器 19。 再次点火，发电 机正常启动，重复以上工作程序。 以上所有容器和管道都是不锈钢制成，能耐高压，管道为 软管。 所有接头为快插接头。 在整个过程中，乳化油和柴油自动平稳地转换，发电机运转正 常，转速保持在 1500转每分钟。 由于乳化油的含水量高达 33% ,达到了节能减排的目的。并 解决了柴油发动机在使用乳化油和柴油双燃料时遇到技术和市场推广上的所有问题，使乳化 油这种环保燃料的普及使用成为现实，具有极其重大的商业价值。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种柴油发动机乳化油促成系统，其特征在于：包括
粘油水箱，用于盛放由水和油水结合剂充分混合的粘油水；
乳化油混合装置，与粘油水箱和柴油箱连接，用于混合粘油水和柴油得到乳化油； 双燃料回油促成装置，分别与柴油箱、乳化油混合装置、发动机回油管和主油管连接； 换热装置，设置于主油管上，所述换热装置与双燃料回油促成装置相连，发动机冷却 水流经该换热装置给来自双燃料回油促成装置的乳化油加热；
第一净化管道和第二净化管道，第一净化管道连接柴油箱和主油管进油端，第二净化 管道连接主油管出油端和双燃料回油促成装置；
双燃料管理装置，分别与乳化油混合装置、双燃料回油促成装置、换热装置通信连接， 用于根据冷却水的温度在供给发动机柴油和供给发动机乳化油之间切换；以及在柴油发动 机点火开关关闭后，控制柴油流经副油管清除发动机内的乳化油，同时控制柴油依次流经 第一净化管道、 主油管和第二净化管道以清除主油管和设置于主油管上装置内的乳化油。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成系统，其特征在于：所述粘油水箱和柴油箱与 乳化油混合装置之间设置有静态混合器。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成系统，其特征在于：所述乳化油混合装置包括 乳化油混合筒、 雾化装置和液位传感器，所述雾化装置和乳化油混合筒连通，液位传感器 设置在乳化油混合筒内，所述雾化装置和液位传感器均与双燃料管理装置通信连接。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成系统 ,其特征在于：所述双燃料回油促成装置 包括双燃料回油促成筒、 设置于所述双燃料回油促成筒上的回油阀和供油阀， 所述回油 阀设置位置高于所述供油阀的设置位置。
5. —种柴油发动机乳化油促成方法，其特征在于，包括： ( 1 ) 柴油发动机点火开关启动，经副油管由柴油箱向柴油发动机供给柴油，发动机转速 稳定后，双燃料管理装置控制乳化油混合装置循环混合乳化油；
( 2 ) 经过设定吋间，所述双燃料管理装置控制关闭所述副油管阀门，开启主油管阀门；
( 3 ) 检测柴油发动机的冷却水温度，所述双燃料管理装置根据该冷却水温度选择供给柴 油发动机乳化油还是柴油，如果冷却水温度超过设定温度，所述双燃料管理装置则 控制向柴油发动机供给乳化油，如果冷却水温度低于设定温度，所述双燃料管理装 置则控制向柴油发动机供给柴油；
( 4 ) 经主油管供给乳化油至柴油发动机之前，乳化油由柴油发动机的冷却水通过换热装 置加热；
( 5 ) 柴油发动机点火开关关闭，所述双燃料管理装置控制柴油发动机延时运行一设定时 间，并控制主油管阀门关闭，副油管阀门开启，通过副油管向柴油发动机供给柴油， 清除发动机内的乳化油；同吋所述双燃料管理装置控制柴油清除主油管和设置于主 油管上装置内的乳化油。
6. 如权利要求 5所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成方法，其特征在于：粘油水和柴油经过静态混 合器混合后进入所述乳化油混合装置。
7. 如权利要求 5所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成方法，其特征在于：所述乳化油混合装置是按 柴油发动机燃料需求量实时生成乳化油。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成方法，其特征在于：所述按柴油发动机燃料需 求量实吋生成乳化油包括以下步骤：
( 1 ) 所述双燃料管理装置控制所述粘油水和柴油经静态混合器混合后进入乳化油混合 筒；
( 2 ) 进入乳化油混合筒内的乳化油由雾化装置驱动循环雾化；
( 3 ) 所述乳化油混合筒内的液位传感器检测液位信息发送给所述双燃料管理装置，如果 所生成的乳化油达到设定高液位，所述双燃料管理装置控制粘油水箱内的粘油水和 柴油箱内的柴油停止进入所述乳化油混合筒，如果所生成的乳化油达到设定低液 位，所述双燃料管理装置控制粘油水箱内的粘油水和柴油箱内的柴油进入所述乳化 油混合筒；同吋所述雾化装置延时一定时间再停止工作。
9. 如权利要求 5所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成方法，其特征在于：所述双燃料回油促成装置 的双燃料回油促成筒内设置有回油阀和供油闳，所述回油阔设置位置高于所述供油阖的设 置位置，所述回油阀和供油阀均采用浮球阀，当所述双燃料回油促成筒内液位低于供油阀， 则供油阀开启，向所述双燃料回油促成筒供给乳化油或柴油，当所述双燃料回油促成筒内 液位高于供油阀，则供油阀关闭，停止向双燃料回油促成筒供给乳化油或柴油。
10.如权利要求 6所述的柴油发动机乳化油促成方法，其特征在于：如果柴油发动机乳化油促 成系统内发生如下情形中一种或一种以上，所述双燃料管理装置控制通过主油管向柴油发 动机供给柴油；
( 1 ) 所述乳化油混合装置发生故障；
( 2 ) 发动机冷却水温度低于设定温度 ;
( 3 ) 盛放粘油水的粘油水箱液位处于设定液位以下；
( 4 ) 柴油箱液位处于设定液位以下。
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