CN114458491A - 柴油发动机双燃料系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents

柴油发动机双燃料系统及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN114458491A
CN114458491A CN202011238528.4A CN202011238528A CN114458491A CN 114458491 A CN114458491 A CN 114458491A CN 202011238528 A CN202011238528 A CN 202011238528A CN 114458491 A CN114458491 A CN 114458491A
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陈捷
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0613Switch-over from one fuel to another
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0665Tanks, e.g. multiple tanks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
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    • F02D19/06Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
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    • F02D19/0663Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0673Valves; Pressure or flow regulators; Mixers
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    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M31/00Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M31/02Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
    • F02M31/14Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating by using heat from working cylinders or cylinder heads
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0076Details of the fuel feeding system related to the fuel tank
    • F02M37/0088Multiple separate fuel tanks or tanks being at least partially partitioned
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/44Filters structurally associated with pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/50Filters arranged in or on fuel tanks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种柴油发动机双燃料系统及其控制方法,包括:乳化油箱,内置搅拌装置,用于储存和搅拌乳化油;乳化油供油泵,用于为乳化油箱内的乳化油向柴油发动机供应提供动力;供油三通阀,该供油三通阀分别与柴油箱、柴油发动机和所述供油泵相通;回油三通阀,该回油三通阀分别与柴油箱、柴油发动机和所述乳化油箱连通;根据发动机状况,借助供油三通阀向发动机选择供应柴油或者乳化油;借助回油三通阀,选择控制回油回到柴油箱或者乳化油箱,防止柴油发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱。本发明具有能实时转换乳化油和柴油;能防止柴油发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱以及系统结构简单等效果。

Description

柴油发动机双燃料系统及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及能源和柴油发动机领域,能够使柴油发动机既可以燃烧柴油又可以燃烧乳化油, 可应用于各类柴油发动机、发电机领域。
背景技术
乳化油是指柴油为连续相、水为分散相的一种乳液。乳化油用于发动机的工作原理为:乳化油进入发动机气缸发生二次雾化,使油粒变得更细,并与氧气充分混合,完全燃烧。柴油发动机双燃料系统就是向柴油发动机供应柴油和乳化油两种燃料的系统。一般在发动机启动和启动之后一段时间和发动机关闭前的一段时间向发动机供应柴油,其它时间向发动机供乳化油。发动机启动时供应柴油是为了保证启动时的发动机所需动力,发动机关闭前的一段时间向发动机供应柴油是为了让发动机在关闭状态内部没有乳化油以致乳化油的水油分层导致腐蚀发动机。也就是说,在发动机启动到关闭的过程中至少有两次切换供应燃料的情况。自然,在燃料切换之后发动机的回油也会不同。现有中国专利申请200820089521.9《柴油发发动机乳化油柴油双燃料供油系统》,它没有完全解决回油的问题,其回油中的乳化油会回到柴油箱导致柴油箱箱内燃料品质不标准,在实际使用中无法实施。还有一种现有技术是将回油统一回到一个与乳化油箱连通的专用回油筒,这样结构复杂。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是避免上述现有技术的不足之处提出一种柴油发动机双燃料系统和方法,不仅能避免乳化油回到柴油箱导致柴油箱箱内燃料品质不标准的问题,并且结构简单,根据发动机的工作状态能实时转换两种燃料。
本发明可以通过采用以下技术方案来实现:
提供一种柴油发动机双燃料系统,包括:
乳化油箱,内置搅拌装置,用于储存和搅拌乳化油;
乳化油供油泵,用于为乳化油箱内的乳化油向柴油发动机供应提供动力;
供油三通阀,该供油三通阀分别与柴油箱、柴油发动机和所述供油泵相通;
回油三通阀,该回油三通阀分别与柴油箱、柴油发动机和所述乳化油箱连通;
根据发动机状况,借助供油三通阀向发动机选择供应柴油或者乳化油;借助回油三通阀,选择控制回油回到柴油箱或者乳化油箱,防止柴油发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱。
进一步地:
所述供油泵与乳化油箱之间设置有过滤器。
还包括乳化油加热装置,柴油发动机冷却水流经该乳化油加热装置给来自所述乳化油箱的乳化油加热。
提供一种如上述柴油发动机双燃料系统的控制方法,包括以下步骤:
➀柴油发动机启动时,控制供油三通阀与柴油箱连通,由柴油箱向柴油发动机供应柴油,此时回油三通阀与柴油箱连通,柴油发动机回油回到柴油箱;
➁当发动机达到适当工作状态,控制供油三通阀与乳化油箱连通,由乳化油箱向柴油发动机供应乳化油,延迟第一设定时间回油三通阀切换至与乳化油箱连通,柴油发动机回油回到乳化油箱;
➂柴油发动机停机前,控制供油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通,转换由柴油箱向柴油发动机供应柴油,延迟第二设定时间回油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通,柴油发动机回油回到柴油箱;
➃所述第一设定时间的长短根据供油三通阀切换至与乳化油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的柴油的供应时间确定,所述第一设定时间小于供油三通阀切换后所述供油管路内的柴油的供应时;所述第二设定时间的长短根据供油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间确定,所述第二设定时间大于供油三通阀切换后所述供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间。
所述第一设定时间设定为供油三通阀切换至与乳化油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的柴油的供应时间的70%-90%,所述第二设定时间设定为供油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间的105%-120%。
同现有技术相比较,本发明技术效果在于:根据发动机的工作状态,能实时转换乳化油和柴油;能防止柴油发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱以及能防止两种燃料的串流;并且系统结构简单、两种燃料的转换方便快速。
附图说明
图1是本发明柴油发动机双燃料系统示意图。
附图标记如下:
1、发动机;2、乳化油箱;3、搅拌器;4、过滤器;5、供油泵; 6、加热装置;7、供油三通阀;8、回油三通阀;9、柴油箱。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图所示之优选实施例作进一步详述。
一种柴油发动机双燃料系统,如图1所示,包括乳化油箱2,内置搅拌装置3,用于储存和搅拌乳化油;乳化油供油泵5,用于为乳化油箱2内的乳化油向柴油发动机1供应提供动力;供油三通阀7,分别与柴油发动机1、柴油发动机原配的柴油箱9和所述乳化油供油泵5相通;回油三通阀8,分别与柴油箱9、柴油发动机1和所述乳化油箱2连通。根据柴油发动机状况,借助供油三通阀7向柴油发动机选择供应柴油或者乳化油。借助回油三通阀8,选择控制回油回到柴油箱9或者乳化油箱2,防止柴油发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱。
一些实施例中,所述乳化油供油泵5与乳化油箱2之间设置有过滤器4。乳化油供油泵5和供油三通阀7之间的一段供油管经过乳化油加热装置6,柴油发动机冷却水流经该乳化油加热装置给来自所述乳化油箱的乳化油加热,有利于环保节能。
图1中,双实线表示供油管,单实线表示回油管。
一种柴油发动机双燃料系统的控制方法,如图1所示,包括以下步骤:
➀柴油发动机1启动时,乳化油箱2内的搅拌器3开始搅拌乳化油。使用柴油箱9供应柴油,同时控制供油三通阀7与柴油发动机1原配的柴油箱9连通,由柴油箱9向柴油发动机1供应柴油,此时回油三通阀8与柴油箱9连通,柴油发动机1回油回到柴油箱9;
➁当柴油发动机1达到适当工作状态,比如当发动机冷却水温度传感器测得水温高于设定温度时,控制供油三通阀7与乳化油箱2连通,由乳化油箱2向柴油发动机1供应乳化油,延迟第一设定时间回油三通阀8切换至与乳化油箱8连通,柴油发动机1的回油回到乳化油箱;
➂柴油发动机1停机前,控制供油三通阀7切换至与柴油箱9连通,转换由柴油箱9向柴油发动机1供应柴油,延迟第二设定时间回油三通阀8切换至与柴油箱9连通,柴油发动机1的回油回到柴油箱9;
➃所述第一设定时间的长短根据供油三通阀7切换至与乳化油箱2连通之后供油三通阀7和柴油发动机9之间的供油管路内的柴油的供应时间确定,所述第一设定时间小于供油三通阀切换后所述供油管路内的柴油的供应时间;所述第二设定时间的长短根据供油三通阀7切换至与柴油箱9连通之后供油三通阀7和柴油发动机9之间的供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间确定。所述第二设定时间大于供油三通阀切换后所述供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间。
上述供油三通阀7和回油三通阀8的切换可以通过手动,也可以电动。
第一设定时间小于等于供油三通阀7切换至与乳化油箱2连通之后供油三通阀7和柴油发动机9之间的供油管路内的柴油的供应时间。否则,乳化油回油会流进柴油箱,这会导致柴油箱内的柴油不纯而影响下一次发动机的启动。设定时间第二时间大于等于供油三通阀7切换至与柴油箱9连通之后供油三通阀7和柴油发动机9之间的供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间。否则,乳化油回油也会流进柴油箱,这同样会导致柴油箱内的柴油不纯而影响下一次发动机的启动。第一设定时间和第二设定时间能最大限度地防止乳化油回油进入柴油箱,为下一次发动机启动提供便利条件。
在供油三通阀切换供油以后,本实施例中,为了防止发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱,所述第一设定时间设定为供油三通阀切换至与乳化油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的柴油的供应时间的70%-90%。所述第二设定时间设定为供油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间的105-120%。
本发明根据发动机的工作状态,能实时转换乳化油和柴油,转换时,只需先供油三通阀,然后在设定时间后切换回油三通阀,容易控制、切换快速方便。能防止柴油发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱以及能防止两种燃料的串流;并且系统结构简单、降低了成本。
应当理解的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制,对本领域技术人员来说,可以对上述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改和替换,都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种柴油发动机双燃料系统,包括:
乳化油箱,内置搅拌装置,用于储存和搅拌乳化油;
乳化油供油泵,用于为乳化油箱内的乳化油向柴油发动机供应提供动力;
其特征在于,还包括:
供油三通阀,该供油三通阀分别与柴油箱、柴油发动机和所述供油泵相通;
回油三通阀,该回油三通阀分别与柴油箱、柴油发动机和所述乳化油箱连通;
根据发动机状况,借助供油三通阀向发动机选择供应柴油或者乳化油;借助回油三通阀,选择控制回油回到柴油箱或者乳化油箱,防止柴油发动机的乳化油回油进入柴油箱。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柴油发动机双燃料系统,其特征在于:所述供油泵与乳化油箱之间设置有过滤器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柴油发动机双燃料系统,其特征在于:还包括乳化油加热装置,柴油发动机冷却水流经该乳化油加热装置给来自所述乳化油箱的乳化油加热。
4.一种如权利要求1至3任一项所述的柴油发动机双燃料系统的控制方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
➀柴油发动机启动时,控制供油三通阀与柴油箱连通,由柴油箱向柴油发动机供应柴油,此时回油三通阀与柴油箱连通,柴油发动机的回油回到柴油箱;
➁当柴油发动机达到适当工作状态,控制供油三通阀与乳化油箱连通,由乳化油箱向柴油发动机供应乳化油,延迟第一设定时间回油三通阀切换至与乳化油箱连通,柴油发动机的回油回到乳化油箱;
➂柴油发动机停机前,控制供油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通,转换由柴油箱向柴油发动机供应柴油,延迟第二设定时间回油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通,柴油发动机的回油回到柴油箱;
➃所述第一设定时间的长短根据供油三通阀切换至与乳化油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的柴油的供应时间确定,所述第一设定时间小于供油三通阀切换后所述供油管路内的柴油的供应时间;第二设定时间的长短根据供油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间确定,所述第二设定时间大于供油三通阀切换后所述供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的柴油发动机双燃料系统的控制方法,其特征在于:所述第一设定时间设定为供油三通阀切换至与乳化油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的柴油的供应时间的70%-90%,所述第二设定时间设定为供油三通阀切换至与柴油箱连通之后供油三通阀和柴油发动机之间的供油管路内的乳化油的供应时间的105%-120%。
6.根据权利要求4所述的柴油发动机双燃料系统的控制方法,其特征在于:所述供油三通阀和回油三通阀是通过手动切换。
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