WO2011052796A1 - バイオマスの高炉利用方法 - Google Patents

バイオマスの高炉利用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011052796A1
WO2011052796A1 PCT/JP2010/069641 JP2010069641W WO2011052796A1 WO 2011052796 A1 WO2011052796 A1 WO 2011052796A1 JP 2010069641 W JP2010069641 W JP 2010069641W WO 2011052796 A1 WO2011052796 A1 WO 2011052796A1
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Prior art keywords
biomass
coal
blast furnace
pulverized
hgi
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PCT/JP2010/069641
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鶴田秀和
浅沼稔
藤林晃夫
Original Assignee
Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
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Priority to KR1020127012483A priority Critical patent/KR101402445B1/ko
Priority to CN201080048896.0A priority patent/CN102666880B/zh
Publication of WO2011052796A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011052796A1/ja

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
    • C10B47/28—Other processes
    • C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/02—Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals
    • C21B5/023—Injection of the additives into the melting part
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2200/00—Recycling of non-gaseous waste material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2300/00—Process aspects
    • C21B2300/02—Particular sequence of the process steps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a biomass blast furnace utilization method in which biomass coal produced by dry distillation of biomass is utilized as an auxiliary reducing material for blast furnace as pulverized coal when utilized in a blast furnace.
  • an iron source such as iron ore or scrap, an iron ore reducing material, and coke as a heat source are used as raw materials.
  • an iron source such as iron ore or scrap
  • an iron ore reducing material such as iron ore reducing material
  • coke as a heat source
  • pulverized coal obtained by finely pulverizing fuel coal is blown from the tuyere's tuyere as a heat source to reduce the amount of expensive coke used.
  • the amount of pulverized coal to be blown in varies depending on the operating conditions, but as the amount blown in increases, the amount of coke used can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
  • the particle size distribution of the pulverized coal blown here is generally 60% to 80% of the total pulverized coal mass with a particle size of 74 ⁇ m or less (this is abbreviated as the particle size distribution of pulverized coal is 74 ⁇ m or less, 60 to 80 mass%). .) The range is used industrially.
  • reducing CO 2 emissions is an urgent issue from the viewpoint of preventing global warming.
  • the steel industry is also developing technology to reduce CO 2 emissions.
  • Methods for reducing CO 2 emissions include methods such as reducing the carbon content of the input, recovering the output CO 2 , and substituting conventional coal and oil with carbon neutral carbon sources.
  • Biomass is known as a carbon neutral carbon source. If biomass can be used as an alternative to coal in the steel industry, it can contribute to CO 2 emission reduction.
  • Biomass includes timber waste generated by demolishing houses, wood-based waste generated by sawmills, pruning waste in forests, agricultural waste, and the like. As the processing and utilization methods, landfill, neglect, incineration, fuel, etc. are the main ones. Biofuel crops intended for fuel use are also known.
  • Biomass is composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, but it itself has a high water content and a low calorific value (for example, moisture of 15 mass%, calorific value of 16.2 MJ / kg-dry basis) and is used directly in the iron making process. It is not advantageous in terms of efficiency. In addition, it is difficult to grind waste wood directly to a particle size of 74 ⁇ m or less with an ordinary coal mill (roller mill, ball mill, etc.), and an impact type grinder is required.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that waste wood is pulverized to a particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm, and (granular) waste plastic is mixed within a range of 10/90 to 90/10 ( (Waste wood / waste plastic mass ratio) is mixed to increase the flammability represented by the burned calories and / or the specific surface area, as well as the air transportability, and the waste wood is treated in a blast furnace. It is disclosed. Patent Document 1 discloses that waste wood is pulverized to a particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm, carbonized at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher by an indirect heating method, and granular waste plastic is 10/90 to 90/10. A method for treating waste wood mixed at a mixing ratio (waste wood / waste plastic mass ratio) within a range and charged into a blast furnace is also disclosed.
  • Patent Document 1 has the following problems (a) to (c).
  • Wood as biomass can be mixed with plastic to increase the calories burned, but even though it is crushed to 0.5 mm to 10 mm, the wood is fibrous and has a high aspect ratio. The air transportability is poor.
  • Biomass such as waste wood has a high moisture content, and generally has a low calorific value (4000 to 5000 kcal / kg-dry basis) compared to coal for pulverized coal (7000 to 8000 kcal / kg).
  • the combustibility of waste wood increases with the combustion of waste plastic with a particle size of about 10 mm, the wood itself is not finely pulverized and the calorific value remains low, which is not a fundamental technology for improving the combustibility of biomass. .
  • the object of the present invention is to solve such problems of the prior art and to increase the combustibility and calorific value of biomass to the same extent as that of pulverized coal when biomass is used as a blast furnace blowing material instead of pulverized coal.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method of using biomass which is possible and can improve the air current transportability and use conventional pulverized coal blowing equipment.
  • the features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows.
  • HGI hard glove grindability index
  • the biomass blast furnace utilization method according to (1) wherein the biomass charcoal is produced by carbonizing the biomass at a carbonization temperature of 450 ° C. or more and a carbonization time of 30 minutes or more to produce biomass charcoal.
  • the biomass blast furnace utilization method according to (1) wherein the hard glove grindability index (HGI) is 45 or more and 90 or less.
  • the biomass blast furnace utilization method according to (1), wherein the mixture of biomass coal and coal has a blending ratio of 0.1 to 50% by mass of biomass coal with respect to the total amount of biomass coal and coal.
  • the biomass blast furnace utilization method according to (1), wherein the pulverized product has a particle size distribution in which 74 ⁇ m or less is 80 mass% or more.
  • the biomass blast furnace utilization method according to (1) wherein the mixture has a blending ratio of 0.1 to 50% by mass of biomass coal with respect to a total amount of biomass coal and coal.
  • the pulverized product has a particle size of 74 ⁇ m or less having a particle size of 80 mass% or more.
  • biomass as biomass charcoal
  • the calorific value of the biomass itself can be increased and used as a blast furnace blowing material.
  • biomass can be pulverized using a coal mill (pulverizer) that produces pulverized coal, and efficient pulverization in the coal mill becomes possible.
  • the finely pulverized biomass can be efficiently used in the blast furnace by using the pulverized coal blowing equipment without deteriorating the air flow to the blast furnace.
  • biomass in a blast furnace it is possible to contribute to the reduction of CO 2 emissions in the iron making process.
  • pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing coal with a roller mill or the like is used.
  • the particle size of the pulverized coal is determined from the flammability in the blast furnace, and generally a particle size of 0.1 mm or less is used.
  • a roller mill is usually used for coal pulverization.
  • a hard globe grindability index (HGI) measured by a hard glove method (JIS M 8801) is known.
  • the hard glove grindability index is a numerical value indicating the grindability of coal obtained using a hard glove tester. Displayed in HGI.
  • the shape, dimensions and measuring method of the apparatus are defined in JIS M 8801.
  • biomass in order to use biomass as an alternative to the above pulverized coal, biomass is carbonized to produce biomass coal.
  • Biomass carbonization is carbonization of biomass, a technology that cuts or restricts the supply of air (oxygen) and heats it to obtain gas (also called wood gas), liquid (tar), and solid (charcoal) products.
  • gas also called wood gas
  • tar liquid
  • solid solid
  • HGI hard glove grindability index
  • the HGI of biomass charcoal can be adjusted according to the biomass carbonization conditions.
  • the present inventors have found a relationship between biomass dry distillation conditions and HGI in order to set the biomass coal HGI to 45 or more. That is, if the dry distillation temperature of biomass is 450 ° C. or higher and the dry distillation time is 30 minutes or longer, many types of biomass have an HGI of 45 or higher and can be used in a coal mill. Further, by carbonizing at a carbonization temperature of 450 ° C. or higher and a carbonization time of 30 minutes or longer, moisture is removed, the calorific value is improved, and the calorific value of biomass coal can be made comparable to that of coal. However, if carbonization is performed at 800 ° C.
  • the carbonization temperature is preferably 450 ° C. or higher and lower than 800 ° C.
  • the carbonization time is preferably 30 minutes or longer and 90 minutes or shorter. Particularly preferably, the carbonization temperature is 500 to 600 ° C., and the carbonization time is 30 to 60 minutes.
  • the biomass distillation method may be any of a normal batch method, a rotary kiln method, a vertical furnace method, and the like, and a rotary kiln method that can be adopted as a continuous process is preferable.
  • the generated carbonization gas may be used as a heat source for biomass carbonization, or may be supplied to a steelmaking chemical process.
  • the heating method of the carbonization furnace used for biomass carbonization may be the combustion of the carbonization gas generated as described above, and heating may be performed using this, or fuel gas such as heavy oil or propane may be separately burned and used as the heating gas. Good. Moreover, you may heat by electric heating other than the method of burning fuel gas. In the case of electric heating, it is possible to divide the carbonization furnace into several parts and control the temperature in each part.
  • the mixing ratio when mixing and pulverizing biomass charcoal and coal is not particularly specified, but pulverization is improved by mixing and pulverizing. For example, when biomass coal having a lower HGI than coal is mixed, the hard biomass coal further pulverizes the coal.
  • Biomass is a generic term for a certain amount of animal and plant resources and wastes originating from them (excluding fossil resources).
  • the biomass used in the present invention includes agricultural, forestry, and livestock. Any biomass, such as fisheries, waste, etc., that pyrolyzes to produce carbides can be used. It is preferable to use biomass having a high effective calorific value, and it is preferable to use woody biomass.
  • Woody biomass includes papermaking by-products such as pulp black liquor and chip dust, lumber by-products such as bark and sawdust, forest land remnants such as branches, leaves, treetops, and end mills, cedar, cypress, pine, etc.
  • Forest products such as thinned timber, edible fungi from special forest products such as hodwood, firewood charcoal such as shii, konara, pine, forestry biomass such as willow, poplar, eucalyptus, pine, etc.
  • General waste such as pruned branches of garden trees in private houses, pruned branches of country and prefectures, pruned branches of garden trees of companies, industrial waste such as construction and building waste, and the like.
  • Agricultural biomass is classified as agricultural biomass, such as rice husk, wheat straw, rice straw, sugarcane cass, palm palm, etc., which originates from waste and by-products, and rice biomass, rapeseed, soybean, etc., which originates from energy crops.
  • the part can also be suitably used as woody biomass.
  • HGI hard carbon grindability index
  • HGI is about 72, and can be pulverized in the same manner as coal by a roller mill.
  • biomass charcoal suitable for blast furnace blowing by selecting a biomass raw material whose HGI after carbonization is 45 or more.
  • These biomass coals can be utilized without changing the conventional coal pulverization process, and biomass coal can be pulverized at the same cost as conventional coal.
  • the biomass coal has an HGI of less than 45, the particle size of the same level as that of coal can be obtained by increasing the processing time in a roller mill, or by pulverizing with a pulverizer that pulverizes with a rotary blade such as a jet mill.
  • the manufacturing cost increases because the processing amount per hour is reduced and the introduction of new equipment is required, and the processing amount per unit time is reduced.
  • woody biomass such as residual forest land, riverbed
  • Various biomass raw materials such as herbaceous biomass, sewage sludge, food waste, etc. generated by the
  • the properties of the produced biomass charcoal will differ in terms of components other than grindability, etc.
  • the properties of the mixture are stabilized, so that it can be sufficiently used in a blast furnace.
  • the pulverized coal it is preferable to use a pulverized coal having less variation in the content ratio of constituent elements such as fixed carbon, volatile matter, and ash compared to biomass coal produced from a wide variety of biomass raw materials.
  • A is raw material biomass
  • B is coal
  • C is combustion gas
  • D is biomass charcoal
  • E is exhaust gas.
  • Biomass A is stored in the biomass hopper 1 and supplied to the rotary kiln 3 by the conveyor 2.
  • the biomass A is carbonized to become biomass coal D, stored in the biomass coal hopper 7, discharged quantitatively together with the coal B, and supplied to the coal bunker 10 by the conveyor 9.
  • the exhaust gas E contains a combustible gas, it can be burned in the heating gas generator 6 and used as a heat source for the external heat of the rotary kiln 3.
  • the biomass coal D discharged from the rotary kiln 3 is preferably cooled, and an inert gas may be used as the cooling gas.
  • emitted as a cooling part should just be the temperature range which does not ignite, and it is preferable to set it as 200 degrees C or less. More preferably, it is 100 ° C. or lower.
  • a biomass dry distillation test was conducted using the equipment shown in FIG. However, the rotary kiln was heated in three divisions.
  • the rotary kiln had an inner diameter of 15 cm, a length of 1.0 m, and an inclination angle of 1 degree, and the carbonization time was adjusted by changing the rotational speed of the rotary kiln.
  • the biomass used was cedar waste wood, palm trunks and palm shells ground and classified to 3-10 mm. Table 1 shows the composition of the biomass used.
  • the biomass supply rate to the rotary kiln is 1.0 kg / h, and the No. 1 to 12 biomass charcoal was produced.
  • the obtained biomass charcoal was measured for HGI and calorific value. Test conditions and results are shown in Table 2.
  • the HGI of the mixture was in the range of 78 to 83, and it was found that there was no problem with pulverization in the coal mill even in the mixed state.
  • the mixture was pulverized with a roller mill to a particle size distribution of 74 ⁇ m or less and 80 mass% or more, and a blow test was conducted from the tuyere of a blast furnace using a pulverized coal blow-in facility.
  • the operation similar to normal pulverized coal injection could be performed without causing clogging of the injection piping.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
PCT/JP2010/069641 2009-10-29 2010-10-28 バイオマスの高炉利用方法 WO2011052796A1 (ja)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020127012483A KR101402445B1 (ko) 2009-10-29 2010-10-28 바이오매스의 고로 이용 방법
CN201080048896.0A CN102666880B (zh) 2009-10-29 2010-10-28 生物质在高炉中的利用方法

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JP2009248908 2009-10-29
JP2009-248908 2009-10-29
JP2010-238378 2010-10-25
JP2010238378A JP5644366B2 (ja) 2009-10-29 2010-10-25 バイオマスの高炉利用方法

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WO2011052796A1 true WO2011052796A1 (ja) 2011-05-05

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KR (1) KR101402445B1 (zh)
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WO (1) WO2011052796A1 (zh)

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CN102873082A (zh) * 2012-09-23 2013-01-16 安徽国祯生物质发电有限责任公司 生物质资源综合利用产业园资源循环利用技术工艺
WO2018229720A1 (en) 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 Arcelormittal Operating method of an iron making installation and associated operating installation
WO2019131983A1 (ja) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 日本製紙株式会社 固体燃料の製造方法
CN112375860A (zh) * 2020-10-21 2021-02-19 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种高炉喷吹混合燃料的制备方法
CN115676824A (zh) * 2022-11-09 2023-02-03 余昭军 一种用于高炉喷吹的改性兰炭粉及其制备方法
CN115820951A (zh) * 2022-07-29 2023-03-21 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 一种可燃固废有害元素选择性脱除制备高炉喷吹燃料的方法

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KR101405478B1 (ko) * 2012-12-26 2014-06-11 주식회사 포스코 성형탄 제조 방법 및 성형탄 제조 장치
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JP6090994B2 (ja) * 2013-04-09 2017-03-08 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 炭化物の製造方法、及び炭化物の品質検査方法
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TWI604039B (zh) * 2016-09-26 2017-11-01 Regenerative fuel production methods
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CN106905989A (zh) * 2017-04-18 2017-06-30 青岛冠宝林活性炭有限公司 一种生物质微粉清洁燃料
CN110452754B (zh) * 2019-07-15 2021-05-18 华中科技大学 一种利用生物质焦减排燃烧颗粒物的方法
CN110487331A (zh) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-22 中机清洁能源沛县有限公司 一种生物质燃料参数测量与管理方法
KR102474050B1 (ko) 2020-10-30 2022-12-05 현대제철 주식회사 바이오매스 혼합 장입 원료를 이용한 고로 환원제비 저감 방법
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CN112375860A (zh) * 2020-10-21 2021-02-19 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种高炉喷吹混合燃料的制备方法
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