WO2011004689A1 - パティキュレート燃焼触媒 - Google Patents
パティキュレート燃焼触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011004689A1 WO2011004689A1 PCT/JP2010/060358 JP2010060358W WO2011004689A1 WO 2011004689 A1 WO2011004689 A1 WO 2011004689A1 JP 2010060358 W JP2010060358 W JP 2010060358W WO 2011004689 A1 WO2011004689 A1 WO 2011004689A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion catalyst
- particulate
- particulate combustion
- catalyst
- aqueous solution
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 8
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Ce] RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 pulverizing Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002060 Fe-Cr-Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017493 Nd 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012494 Quartz wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M gold monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Au+] FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- B01D39/2027—Metallic material
- B01D39/2031—Metallic material the material being particulate
- B01D39/2034—Metallic material the material being particulate sintered or bonded by inorganic agents
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
- B01D2239/0471—Surface coating material
- B01D2239/0478—Surface coating material on a layer of the filter
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/065—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction for reducing soot ignition temperature
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a particulate combustion catalyst, a method for producing the same, a particulate filter, a method for producing the same, and an exhaust gas purification device, and more particularly, a particulate combustion catalyst capable of oxidizing and removing particulates discharged from a diesel internal combustion engine, and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention also relates to a particulate filter coated with the particulate combustion catalyst, and an exhaust gas purification apparatus including the particulate filter coated with the particulate combustion catalyst.
- Exhaust gas exhausted from diesel engines contains nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulates (particulate matter), and if these materials are released into the atmosphere as they are, they become a major cause of air pollution. Therefore, there is a need for significant regulation of these substances.
- a flow-through type oxidation catalyst for burning SOF (Soluble Organic Fraction) (soluble organic component) and a diesel particulate filter (DPF) for collecting soot
- SOF Soluble Organic Fraction
- DPF diesel particulate filter
- a catalyst in which an expensive noble metal such as Pt is supported on a support for example, a support made of an inorganic oxide such as zirconium oxide, vanadium oxide, or cerium oxide (for example, Patent Documents). 1, 2 and 3), a continuous regeneration method using NO 2 (see, for example, Patent Document 4), and the like.
- a continuous regeneration method it is necessary to attach an oxidation catalyst such as Pt to oxidize NO to NO 2 before the DPF, which is costly.
- the ratio between NO x and C is also a problem, and there are many restrictions on the use conditions.
- a curate combustion catalyst a support made of a cerium-zirconium composite oxide having an amount of cerium oxide of 5 to 50% by mass, and at least one kind of Ag and Ru supported on the support or an oxide of the metal
- the particulate combustion catalyst comprised with the 1st catalyst which consists of is proposed (refer patent document 5).
- An object of the present invention is superior in heat resistance to the particulate combustion catalyst described in Patent Document 5, and can oxidize and remove soot at a low temperature. Since the oxidation reaction proceeds only with oxygen, the NO x concentration in the exhaust gas Particulate combustion catalyst capable of oxidizing and removing soot at low temperature regardless of temperature, method for producing the same, particulate filter coated with the particulate combustion catalyst, method for producing the same, and the particulate combustion catalyst coated An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus including a particulate filter.
- the present inventors have found that an alloy of Ag and at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au as a catalyst component of the particulate combustion catalyst.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that the above-mentioned object can be achieved by use.
- the particulate combustion catalyst of the present invention is made of an alloy of 85 to 20 at% of the catalyst component supported on the carrier and 15 to 80 at% of at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au. It is characterized by becoming.
- the method for producing a particulate combustion catalyst of the present invention comprises mixing an aqueous solution containing Ag ions and an aqueous solution containing ions of at least one kind of noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au,
- the mixed aqueous solution was charged with powder as a catalyst carrier and stirred.
- the resulting slurry was evaporated to dryness and dried, then in air at 700 to 1000 ° C. [50-0.047 ⁇ temperature (° C.) ] It is characterized by firing for more than an hour.
- the particulate filter of the present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned particulate combustion catalyst is coated, and the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention comprises the particulate filter coated with the above-mentioned particulate combustion catalyst. It is characterized by having.
- the method for producing a particulate filter of the present invention comprises mixing a carrier together with a binder component and water, pulverizing, coating the obtained slurry on a substrate filter, firing, and forming a washcoat layer as a catalyst component. After impregnating with a mixed aqueous solution of an aqueous solution containing Ag ions and an aqueous solution containing ions of at least one kind of noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au, and drying treatment, 700 to 1000 ° C. in air And firing for at least [50-0.047 ⁇ ° C. temperature (° C.)] hours.
- the particulate combustion catalyst of the present invention is excellent in heat resistance, can oxidize and remove soot at low temperature, and oxidizes and removes soot at low temperature regardless of the NO x concentration in the exhaust gas because the oxidation reaction proceeds only with oxygen. be able to.
- an alloy of Ag and at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au as a catalyst component preferably Ag , Pd and / or alloys with Pt are used.
- the content of at least one precious metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au in the alloy is less than 20 at% or exceeds 85 at%, the effect of lowering the combustion start temperature is not sufficient.
- an alloy of Ag 85 to 20 at%, preferably 80 to 30 at%, and at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, and Au is used as a catalyst component. .
- the alloy as a catalyst component is preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 15 parts by mass (mass%) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the support. Use. When the amount of the alloy with respect to the support is less than 0.5% by mass, the effect as a catalyst is not sufficiently exhibited. When the amount exceeds 30% by mass, the catalyst per unit mass of the supported alloy. There is a tendency for activity to decrease.
- the particulate combustion catalyst of the present invention can also be used in combination with a catalyst made of Ag, Pt, Pd or Au alone.
- any carrier generally used as a carrier in a particulate combustion catalyst using Ag as a catalyst component can be used.
- a carrier that has a high oxygen transfer rate from the carrier and can burn particulates efficiently.
- examples of such a carrier include CeO 2 —ZrO 2 and ZrO 2. It is preferable to use a CeO 2 —ZrO 2 system.
- the amount of CeO 2 in the composite oxide is preferably 5 to 50% by mass.
- the specific surface area of the support may decrease at a high temperature, for example, at a temperature of 700 ° C. or higher, and eventually cause thermal degradation of the catalyst.
- the amount of CeO 2 is less than 5% by mass, the catalyst may eventually be deteriorated by heat.
- the support is a CeO 2 —ZrO 2 composite oxide containing at least one metal oxide of Nd, La, Fe, Y, Pr, Ba, Ca, Mg, Sn, and Sr. It is preferable to consist of a thing. By including these metal oxides, the thermal stability of the support made of the CeO 2 —ZrO 2 composite oxide is improved, and the oxidation characteristics at low temperature are improved. In order to achieve these effects, the amount of the oxide of at least one metal of Nd, La, Fe, Y, Pr, Ba, Ca, Mg, Sn, and Sr needs to be 1% by mass or more. is there.
- the amount of oxide of at least one metal of Nd, La, Fe, Y, Pr, Ba, Ca, Mg, Sn and Sr (the total amount when using two or more metal oxides) It is preferable to use a support made of a CeO 2 —ZrO 2 -based composite oxide having a CeO 2 content of 1 to 35 mass% and a CeO 2 content of 5 to 50 mass%.
- the method for producing a particulate combustion catalyst of the present invention comprises an aqueous solution containing Ag ions, for example, an aqueous silver nitrate solution, and an aqueous solution containing at least one noble metal ion selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au, for example, nitric acid.
- An aqueous palladium solution, a dinitrodiammine Pt nitric acid solution or an aqueous gold chloride solution is mixed in an amount ratio of 15 to 80 at% of at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au with respect to Ag 85 to 20 at%.
- the powder of the carrier as described above was added to the mixed aqueous solution in an amount ratio such that the total amount of the metal of the catalyst component was 0.5 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the carrier, and obtained.
- the slurry is evaporated to dryness, for example, dried at 120 ° C., and then in air at 700 to 1000 ° C., preferably 800 to 950 ° C. [50-0.0 7 ⁇ Temperature (°C)] Ag and Pd by burning more hours, it is possible to reliably alloying with at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pt and Au.
- the firing time is preferably 10 to 30 hours, more preferably 15 to 25 hours after satisfying the condition of [50-0.047 ⁇ temperature (° C.)] or more.
- the basis for defining the firing time as “[50 ⁇ 0.047 ⁇ temperature (° C.)] or more” is based on many experiments.
- the particulate combustion catalyst of the present invention using the above alloy as a catalyst component has an XRD peak position of 0.45 degrees or more compared to the XRD peak position of a particulate combustion catalyst using only Ag as the catalyst component.
- a shift is preferred.
- the amount of XRD peak shift [Ag (111) peak position shift] of this particulate combustion catalyst corresponds to the degree of solid solution and the degree of alloying of the alloy. As will be apparent from the following description, the alloy composition and It varies depending on the heat treatment temperature (firing temperature).
- SiO 2 , TiO 2 , ZrO 2, Al 2 O 3 or the like as a binder component on the surface of the support Is preferably given.
- a binder component By applying a binder component to the surface of the carrier, the adhesion between the substrate and the carrier is improved, the durability of the catalyst is improved, and the heat resistance is improved.
- the particulate filter of the present invention may have any shape known as a particulate filter, but preferably has a three-dimensional structure.
- the filter having a three-dimensional structure include a wall-through type, a flow-through honeycomb type, a wire mesh type, a ceramic fiber type, a metal porous body type, a particle filling type, and a foam type.
- the material of the base material include cordierite, SiC and other ceramics, Fe—Cr—Al alloy, stainless steel alloy and the like.
- the exhaust gas purifying apparatus of the present invention incorporates the above particulate filter of the present invention, and the structure thereof can be easily understood by those skilled in the art.
- the cerium-zirconium composite oxide as a carrier is mixed with a binder component such as SiO 2 and alumina sol and water, and then finely pulverized by a pulverizer such as a ball mill.
- the slurry thus obtained is coated on a substrate filter such as a wire mesh filter. Generally, this is baked at a temperature of about 500 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the formed washcoat layer is impregnated with, for example, a mixed aqueous solution of an aqueous silver nitrate solution and an aqueous palladium nitrate solution as a catalyst component, and then dried and fired.
- the calcination conditions are the same as those described in the above method for producing a particulate combustion catalyst.
- the total coating amount of the catalyst is preferably about 10 to 100 g / L in the case of a wall flow type DPF and about 50 to 150 g / L in the case of a wire mesh. If the total coating amount of the catalyst is too small, sufficient performance cannot be obtained. Moreover, when there is too much, the back pressure with respect to waste gas will become high.
- the present invention will be described in detail based on examples and comparative examples.
- the numerical value in parentheses after each oxide composing the complex oxide as the carrier represents the mass% of each oxide with respect to the total complex oxide.
- each obtained aqueous solutions 5.0 g of composite oxide powder composed of CeO 2 (21) + ZrO 2 (72) + La 2 O 3 (2) + Nd 2 O 3 (5) was added and stirred for 30 minutes. Each obtained slurry was evaporated to dryness and then dried at 120 ° C. for 3 hours. Then, it baked at 800 degreeC in the air for 20 hours.
- the catalyst metal loading of each obtained particulate combustion catalyst was 5% by mass based on the mass of the carrier.
- an alloy of 85 to 20 at% Ag and at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au is used as a catalyst component. It is preferable to use an alloy of Ag 80 to 30 at% and at least one noble metal 20 to 70 at% selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt and Au.
- the change in the XRD peak shift [Ag (111) peak position shift] amount was determined for the particulate combustion catalyst when the content was 20 at% and the heat treatment temperature was 1000 ° C.
- the peak position change is as shown in FIG.
- the XRD peak position when the above alloy is used as the catalyst component is preferably alloyed so that it shifts 0.45 degrees or more from the XRD peak position when only Ag is used as the catalyst component. .
- the peak position shift amount increases as the Pd content increases, and the peak position shift amount increases as the heat treatment temperature rises. It is clear that conversion is promoted.
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Abstract
Description
担体としてのセリウム-ジルコニウム複合酸化物をSiO2 、アルミナゾルなどのバインダー成分及び水と共に混合したあと、ボールミルなどの粉砕装置で細かく粉砕する。このようにして得られたスラリーをワイヤメッシュフィルターなどの基材フィルターにコートする。一般的には、これを500℃から700℃くらいの温度で焼成する。形成されたウオッシュコート層に、触媒成分として例えば硝酸銀水溶液と硝酸パラジウム水溶液との混合水溶液を含浸させ、その後、乾燥及び焼成を行う。焼成の条件は上記のパティキュレート燃焼触媒の製造方法で記載した条件と同じである。触媒の総コート量としては、ウォールフロータイプのDPFの場合には10~100g/L、ワイヤメッシュの場合には50~150g/Lくらいが好ましい。触媒の総コート量が少なすぎると充分な性能を得ることができない。また、多すぎると排ガスに対する背圧が高くなってしまう。
担体の質量に対して金属元素換算で5質量%となる、硝酸銀水溶液(比較例1)、硝酸銀水溶液と硝酸パラジウム水溶液とのAg原子:Pd原子=95:5の混合溶液(比較例2)、硝酸銀水溶液と硝酸パラジウム水溶液とのAg原子:Pd原子=90:10の混合溶液(比較例3)、硝酸銀水溶液と硝酸パラジウム水溶液とのAg原子:Pd原子=80:20の混合溶液(実施例1)、硝酸銀水溶液と硝酸パラジウム水溶液とのAg原子:Pd原子=70:30の混合溶液(実施例2)、硝酸銀水溶液と硝酸パラジウム水溶液とのAg原子:Pd原子=50:50の混合溶液(実施例3)、硝酸銀水溶液と硝酸パラジウム水溶液とのAg原子:Pd原子=30:70の混合溶液(実施例4)、硝酸パラジウム水溶液(比較例4)、又は硝酸銀水溶液とジニトロジアンミンPt硝酸溶液とのAg原子:Pt原子=80:20の混合溶液(実施例5)にそれぞれ水30gを加え、攪拌して水溶液とした。得られた各々の水溶液にCeO2(21)+ZrO2(72)+La2O3(2)+Nd2O3(5)からなる複合酸化物の粉末5.0gを投入し、30分間攪拌した。得られた各々のスラリーを蒸発乾固させた後、120℃で3時間乾燥した。その後、空気中800℃で20時間焼成した。得られた各々のパティキュレート燃焼触媒の触媒金属担持量は担体の質量基準で5質量%であった。
実施例1~4及び比較例1~4で得た各々のパティキュレート燃焼触媒粉末について下記の方法で燃焼開始温度(Tig)を測定した。
ガス組成:O2:10%、N2:残余
流量:400cc/min
昇温速度:10℃/min
焼成温度を800℃、900℃又は1000℃とした以外は実施例1、比較例1又は実施例5と同様にして得た各々のパティキュレート燃焼触媒粉末について上記の方法で燃焼開始温度(Tig)を測定した。各々のパティキュレート燃焼触媒粉末について測定された燃焼開始温度は第1表に示す通りであった。
Pd含有量が5at%、10at%又は20at%で熱処理温度が800℃である場合のパティキュレート燃焼触媒、Pd含有量が20at%で熱処理温度が900℃である場合のパティキュレート燃焼触媒、及びPd含有量が20at%で熱処理温度が1000℃である場合のパティキュレート燃焼触媒についてXRDのピークシフト〔Ag(111)ピーク位置のシフト〕量(固溶化度、合金化度)の変化を求めた。各々のパティキュレート燃焼触媒粉末について測定されたピーク位置のシフト量は図2に示す通りであった。なお、ピーク位置の変化(シフト量)の状態は図3に示す通りである。なお、触媒成分として上記の合金を用いた場合のXRDのピーク位置が、触媒成分としてAgのみを用いた場合のXRDのピーク位置よりも0.45度以上シフトする程度に合金化させることが好ましい。
Claims (9)
- 担体に担持された触媒成分がAg85~20at%と、Pd、Pt及びAuからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の貴金属15~80at%との合金からなることを特徴とするパティキュレート燃焼触媒。
- 触媒成分がAg80~30at%と、Pd、Pt及びAuからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の貴金属20~70at%との合金からなる請求項1記載のパティキュレート燃焼触媒。
- 触媒成分がAgと、Pt及びPdからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の貴金属との合金からなる請求項1又は2記載のパティキュレート燃焼触媒。
- 触媒成分として上記の合金を用いたパティキュレート燃焼触媒のXRDのピーク位置が、触媒成分としてAgのみを用いたパティキュレート燃焼触媒のXRDのピーク位置と比較して0.45度以上シフトしている請求項1、2又は3記載のパティキュレート燃焼触媒。
- 担体がCeO2-ZrO2系である請求項1、2、3又は4記載のパティキュレート燃焼触媒。
- Agイオンを含有する水溶液と、Pd、Pt及びAuからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の貴金属のイオンを含有する水溶液とを混合し、その混合水溶液に触媒の担体となる粉末を投入して攪拌し、得られたスラリーを蒸発乾固、乾燥処理した後、空気中700~1000℃で、〔50-0.047×温度(℃)〕時間以上焼成することを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のパティキュレート燃焼触媒の製造方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のパティキュレート燃焼触媒がコーティングされていることを特徴とするパティキュレートフィルター。
- 担体をバインダー成分及び水と共に混合し、粉砕し、得られたスラリーを基材フィルターにコートし、焼成し、形成されたウオッシュコート層に、触媒成分としてAgイオンを含有する水溶液と、Pd、Pt及びAuからなる群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の貴金属のイオンを含有する水溶液との混合水溶液を含浸させ、乾燥処理した後、空気中700~1000℃で、〔50-0.047×温度(℃)〕時間以上焼成することを特徴とする請求項7記載のパティキュレートフィルターの製造方法。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のパティキュレート燃焼触媒がコーティングされたパティキュレートフィルターを備えていることを特徴とする排ガス浄化装置。
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