WO2010146622A1 - Nfatシグナル阻害剤及びカルシニューリン阻害剤 - Google Patents
Nfatシグナル阻害剤及びカルシニューリン阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010146622A1 WO2010146622A1 PCT/JP2009/002706 JP2009002706W WO2010146622A1 WO 2010146622 A1 WO2010146622 A1 WO 2010146622A1 JP 2009002706 W JP2009002706 W JP 2009002706W WO 2010146622 A1 WO2010146622 A1 WO 2010146622A1
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/23—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae (Carrot family), e.g. dill, chervil, coriander or cumin
- A61K36/232—Angelica
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) signal inhibitor and a calcineurin inhibitor.
- NFAT nuclear factor of activated T cells
- NFAT Nuclear factor-of-activated T-cells
- IL-2 Interleukin-2
- FK506 tacrolimus
- CsA and FK506 are approved not only as transplant immunosuppressants but also as therapeutic agents for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis, which are known to be involved in the immune system.
- a system in which transcription of a gene downstream of the NFAT binding sequence is promoted by binding such NFAT to the NFAT binding sequence (“NFAT site” in FIG. 2) is referred to as “NFAT signal”.
- Non-patent Document 1 CsA derivatives that inhibit the NFAT signal can be used as hair restorers.
- NFAT is not limited to hair-growth and immune system, but is also used in many organs such as muscle tissue formation by regulating myocardial / skeletal muscle differentiation, neural network formation in the brain, and bone metabolism by regulating osteoblast differentiation. It has come to be understood as a "multifunctional transcription factor" that plays an important role.
- NFAT signal inhibitors are used to treat diseases that are thought to involve immune cytokines including autoimmune diseases.
- Such diseases include various cancers, various leukemias, various hepatitis, various infections, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease), multiple sclerosis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, digestion Ulcer, septic shock, tuberculosis, infertility, arteriosclerosis, Behcet's disease, asthma, nephritis, acute bacterial meningitis, acute myocardial infarction, acute pancreatitis, acute viral encephalitis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, bacterial pneumonia, chronic pancreatitis, peripheral Examples include vascular disease, sepsis, interstitial liver disease, localized ileitis, and multiple sclerosis.
- a new NFAT signal inhibitor is identified, an immunosuppressive agent, a psoriasis therapeutic agent, an atopic dermatitis therapeutic agent, a (cardiac) muscle hypertrophy inhibitor, an anti-rheumatic agent, a bone metabolic disease therapeutic agent, and the above New medical uses such as those listed are expected.
- an immunosuppressive agent a psoriasis therapeutic agent, an atopic dermatitis therapeutic agent, a (cardiac) muscle hypertrophy inhibitor, an anti-rheumatic agent, a bone metabolic disease therapeutic agent, and the above New medical uses such as those listed are expected.
- quasi-drugs and cosmetics are expected as hair restorers and hair growth promoters.
- Patent Documents 3 to 6 disclose a hair-growth, hair growth or hair-restoration effect.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a hair nourishing / hair restoring agent containing an extract of Angelica sinensis.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a hair nourishing agent containing Angelica glauca essential oil.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a hair growth / hair growth promoting material containing an extract of peanut (Angelica dahurica Benth. Et Hook.).
- Patent Document 6 discloses a hair-care product such as hair-growth hair containing an extract of Ashitaba (Angelica Keiskei Koidz).
- the present invention relates to the following 1) to 9).
- An NFAT signal inhibitor comprising American Angelica or an extract thereof as an active ingredient.
- a calcineurin inhibitor comprising American Angelica or an extract thereof as an active ingredient.
- An external preparation containing American Angelica or an extract thereof as an active ingredient.
- a hair restorer containing American Angelica or an extract thereof as an active ingredient.
- a method for inhibiting NFAT signal which comprises contacting American Angelica or an extract thereof with human cells or tissues of interest.
- a method for inhibiting calcineurin comprising contacting American angelica or an extract thereof with a target human cell or tissue.
- a hair-growth method comprising applying American Angelica or an extract thereof to a target human scalp.
- Use of American Angelica or an extract thereof for producing an NFAT signal inhibitor Use of American Angelica or an extract thereof for producing a calcineurin inhibitor.
- the present invention relates to providing pharmaceuticals, external preparations, cosmetics and the like having an NFAT signal inhibitory action, calcineurin inhibitory action, and hair growth action.
- NFAT signal inhibitory action superior to American Angelica or its extract Drugs, cosmetics, etc. that have an inhibitory effect, and that exhibit effects such as prevention or treatment of diseases caused by enhanced transcriptional promotion activity by NFAT and signal transduction involving calcineurin, or hair growth / hair growth As useful.
- the active ingredient of the NFAT signal inhibitor, calcineurin inhibitor, external preparation, and hair restorer of the present invention can be safely used because it is a natural substance American Angelica or a component derived therefrom. And, according to the NFAT signal inhibitor, etc., the prevention or treatment of symptoms and diseases caused by enhanced transcriptional promotion activity by NFAT, the symptoms and diseases caused by increased signal transduction involving calcineurin, or hair growth / hair growth It becomes possible.
- American Angelica is a plant that has the scientific name Angelica atropurpurea and is classified into the celery family.
- American Angelica can be used as it is or after dry pulverization of the whole plant, leaves, stems, flowers, fruits, seeds, rhizomes or roots.
- an extract obtained by extracting the above-mentioned part, preferably rhizome or root, as it is or after being dried and cut into a suitable size or pulverized In addition to the diluted solution, the concentrated solution or the dried powder, a more active fraction (component) obtained by further separation and purification is included.
- the extraction is performed by impregnation with a solvent at room temperature or in a heated state or by using a distillation method such as steam distillation in addition to solvent extraction performed using an extraction device such as a Soxhlet extractor.
- a distillation method such as steam distillation
- Examples include extraction by a supercritical extraction method performed in a critical state, or a compression method in which an extract is obtained by pressing.
- an extraction solvent used for obtaining a plant extract either a polar solvent or a nonpolar solvent can be used.
- the extraction solvent include water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol; polyhydric alcohols such as propylene glycol and butylene glycol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate; Chain and cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and diethyl ether; Polyethers such as polyethylene glycol; Hydrocarbons such as squalane, hexane, cyclohexane and petroleum ether; Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene; Dichloromethane, chloroform, dichloroethane, etc.
- halogenated hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide.
- a mixture of two or more of the above solvents for example, a 20 to 80% ethanol aqueous solution, a benzene: ethyl acetate (4: 1) mixed solution, or a 1,3-butylene glycol aqueous solution may be used.
- anhydrous alcohol is preferable and it is more preferable to use anhydrous ethanol.
- American Angelica is also known to contain a photosensitizing substance such as 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP). It is preferable to perform the solvent extraction after pre-washing American Angelica using
- the ethanol aqueous solution used for the pre-cleaning is not particularly limited, and for example, a 10 to 60 Vol% ethanol aqueous solution can be used.
- the ethanol used for extraction is preferably higher in ethanol content than that used for pre-washing, and more preferably absolute ethanol.
- pre-washing with an aqueous solution of 25 to 45% by volume ethanol multiple times, for example, 3 times or more.
- the number of prewashes is not particularly limited, but is preferably within 9 times in order to maintain high hair-growth activity, NFAT signal inhibition activity, and calcineurin inhibition activity by the active ingredient. That is, by performing pre-washing with 25 to 45% ethanol 2 to 9 times, the photosensitizer can be greatly reduced, and the hair growth activity, NFAT signal inhibition activity, and calcineurin inhibition activity can be maintained at a high level. .
- examples of the means for separating and purifying the extract include activated carbon treatment, liquid-liquid distribution, column chromatography, liquid chromatography, gel filtration, and precision distillation.
- the American Angelica extract of the present invention may be used as it is, the extract or fraction obtained as such, may be used as a diluted solution diluted with an appropriate solvent, or may be a concentrated extract or a dry powder, paste What was prepared in the shape may be sufficient. Also, freeze-dry and dilute with a solvent usually used for extraction, such as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, water / ethanol mixture, water / propylene glycol mixture, water / butylene glycol mixture, etc. It can also be used. It can also be used by encapsulating in vesicles such as liposomes or microcapsules.
- the American Angelica or an extract thereof has an NFAT signal inhibitory action, a calcineurin inhibitory action, and a hair growth action, as shown in Examples below.
- the NFAT signal inhibitory action can be evaluated using the NFAT signal inhibition rate as an index.
- the NFAT signal inhibition rate is 101.3%.
- the NFAT signal inhibition rate means the rate of decrease of the transcriptional activity when the extract is applied to the transcriptional activity by NFAT when the extract is not allowed to act.
- the method for measuring the NFAT signal inhibitory action is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a reporter assay using a host in which a known NFAT binding sequence and a plasmid having a reporter gene downstream of the NFAT binding sequence are introduced (FIG. 1). Since the activity of NFAT depends on calcium ions, the reporter assay is performed under conditions where calcium ions are allowed to flow into the host.
- the reporter gene is not particularly limited, and any reporter gene conventionally used in the field of biochemical experiments can be used.
- examples of the reporter gene include a luciferase gene, a ⁇ -glucuronidase gene (GUS gene), and a green fluorescent protein gene (GFP gene).
- NFAT binding sequence examples include oligonucleotides composed of sequences to which NFAT binds, for example, a base sequence such as GGAGGAAAAACTGTTTCATACAGAAGGCGT (pNFAT-Luc, Stratagene, SEQ ID NO: 1).
- a plurality of sets of such NFAT binding sequences may be linked and introduced.
- the above-described NFAT signal inhibition rate is a value calculated from the above-described reporter assay.
- calcineurin inhibitory action can be evaluated using the inhibition rate of dephosphorylation activity by calcineurin as an index.
- the calcineurin activity inhibition rate is 43.5%.
- the inhibition rate of calcineurin activity is, in essence, the dephosphorylation activity when the extract is allowed to act on the dephosphorylation activity of the phosphorylated peptide (substrate) by calcineurin when the extract is not allowed to act. It means the rate of decline.
- Calcineurin (Ca 2+ / calmodulin-regulated Ser / Thr phosphatase) is involved in a signal transduction system mediated by Ca 2+ , and releases specific phosphate groups of specific phosphorylated proteins including NFAT.
- the method for measuring the calcineurin inhibitory action is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method in which a phosphorylated protein or peptide that is a known calcineurin substrate is used as a substrate and the release of a phosphate group from the substrate is detected.
- Examples of the phosphorylated peptide serving as a calcineurin substrate include RII phosphorylated peptide (DLDVPIPGRFDRV [pS] VAAE).
- calcineurin inhibitory activity can be measured by allowing the extract to act in the presence of calcineurin and a substrate, and measuring the phosphate released at this time.
- the liberated phosphoric acid is not particularly limited, but can be quantified using, for example, a malachite green reagent.
- Hair growth action refers to the action of hair follicles by promoting hair elongation, increasing thickness, promoting the transition from the resting phase of the hair cycle to the growth phase, and inhibiting the transition from the growth phase to the regression phase. Means to increase the amount. Therefore, the concept of hair growth, hair restoration, and hair loss prevention is included in hair growth.
- the method for measuring the hair-growth effect is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of organ-culturing an isolated hair follicle and measuring the amount of hair elongation during the culture period.
- NFAT signal inhibitory action acts directly or indirectly on NFAT to reduce positively regulated transcription (transcription promoting activity) by NFAT and inhibit NFAT signal in cells and tissues.
- the NFAT signal in the cell or tissue can be inhibited by contacting American Angelica or an extract thereof with a target cell or tissue, for example, a human cell or tissue.
- a target cell or tissue for example, a human cell or tissue.
- the NFAT signal inhibitor of the present invention can be used as a therapeutic agent or a preventive agent for symptoms and diseases caused by enhanced transcription promoting activity by NFAT.
- Symptoms and diseases resulting from the enhanced transcription promoting activity by NFAT include immune system diseases, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, myopathy including myocardium, rheumatism, bone metabolic diseases, various cancers, various leukemias, various hepatitis, Various infections, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease), multiple sclerosis, insulin-dependent diabetes, peptic ulcer, septic shock, tuberculosis, infertility, arteriosclerosis, Behcet's disease, Asthma, nephritis, acute bacterial meningitis, acute myocardial infarction, acute pancreatitis, acute viral encephalitis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, bacterial pneumonia, chronic pancreatitis, peripheral vascular disease, sepsis, interstitial liver disease, localized ileitis, Examples include multiple sclerosis.
- the NFAT signal inhibitor of the present invention can be used as a hair growth agent or a hair growth promoter.
- the calcineurin inhibitory action means an action of reducing calcineurin activity, thereby enabling to inhibit signal transduction involving calcineurin in cells and tissues. That is, by contacting American Angelica or an extract thereof with a target cell or tissue, for example, a human cell or tissue, signal transduction involving calcineurin in the cell or tissue can be inhibited. In the cells and tissues, various events caused by signal transduction involving calcineurin can be suppressed. Therefore, the calcineurin inhibitor of the present invention can be used as a therapeutic agent or a preventive agent for symptoms and diseases caused by enhanced signal transduction involving calcineurin.
- Symptoms and diseases caused by increased signal transduction involving calcineurin include not only the symptoms and diseases caused by increased transcription-promoting activity by NFAT exemplified above, but also various allergic diseases and psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Diseases etc. can be mentioned.
- American Angelica or an extract thereof can be used as a pharmaceutical, an external preparation, a cosmetic, and the like that exhibit an NFAT signal inhibitory action, calcineurin inhibitory action, and hair growth action.
- the dosage form is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include solid preparations such as powders, granules, capsules, pills and tablets, liquids such as liquids, suspensions and emulsions, ointments and the like. Can be mentioned.
- excipients When used as a pharmaceutical for oral administration, in addition to American Angelica or an extract thereof, excipients, disintegrants, binders, lubricants, surfactants, alcohols generally used depending on the form of the oral administration agent Water, a water-soluble polymer, a sweetener, a corrigent, a sour agent, and the like can be added and produced according to a conventional method.
- orally administered pharmaceuticals include immunosuppressive agents, psoriasis therapeutic agents, (cardiac) muscle hypertrophy inhibitors and anti-rheumatic agents.
- oily properties such as vegetable oil, animal oil, synthetic oil, fatty acid, and natural and synthetic glycerides, which are generally used depending on the form of transdermal administration agent Bases, lubricants, surfactants, alcohols, thickeners and the like can be added and produced according to conventional methods.
- pharmaceuticals for transdermal administration include immunosuppressive agents, psoriasis therapeutic agents, atopic dermatitis therapeutic agents, hair growth promoters and the like.
- an external preparation and a hair restorer are used, for example as a quasi-drug for skin, and are provided as a dosage form suitable for a use form.
- Specific dosage forms are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ointments, liquids, extracts, lotions, tonics, sprays, and emulsions.
- the quasi-drug is optionally combined with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers such as auxiliaries, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, absorption enhancers and surfactants. Can be blended.
- hair restorer in addition to the above-mentioned active ingredients, commonly used hair nourishing agents such as hair follicle activators, blood circulation promoters, antibacterial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, moisturizers, antiseborrheic agents, topical A stimulant, an anti-androgen agent, a potassium channel opener, an antioxidant and the like can be appropriately blended as necessary to improve the hair-growth effect.
- hair follicle activators such as hair follicle activators, blood circulation promoters, antibacterial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, moisturizers, antiseborrheic agents, topical A stimulant, an anti-androgen agent, a potassium channel opener, an antioxidant and the like
- hair nourishing agents such as hair follicle activators, blood circulation promoters, antibacterial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, moisturizers, antiseborrheic agents, topical A stimulant, an anti-androgen agent, a potassium channel opener, an antioxidant and the like can be appropriately blended as necessary to improve the hair-growth effect.
- hair follicle activators include flavonols, N-acetyl-L-methionine, pantothenic acid and derivatives thereof, adenosine and derivatives thereof, potassium aspartate, glyceride pentadecanoate, 6-benzylaminopurine, mononitroguaiacol sodium and the like.
- Examples of the blood circulation promoter include carbon dioxide, nicotinamide, benzyl nicotinate, assembly extract, carrot extract, carpronium chloride, vitamin E and derivatives thereof.
- Antibacterial agents include isopropylmethylphenol, benzalkonium chloride, octopirox, zinc pyrithione, hinokitiol and the like.
- anti-inflammatory agents include licorice extract, glycyrrhizic acid and its derivatives, glycyrrhetinic acid and its derivatives, azulene, guaiazulene, oxon extract, chamomile extract, kumazasa extract, birch extract, mallow extract, peach leaf extract, yarrow extract .
- humectant include hypericum extract, oat extract, glycerin, tuberose polysaccharide, cordyceps extract, life-saving grass extract, barley extract, grape extract, propylene glycol, bellflower extract, and cypressin extract.
- anti-seborrheic agents include sulfur, lecithin, cachet extract, and thioxolone.
- local stimulants include camphor and chili pepper tincture.
- Anti-androgen agents include cyproterone acetate, 11 ⁇ -hydroxyprogesterone, flutamide, 3-deoxyadenosine, chlormadinone acetate, ethinyl estradiol, spironolactone, epitesterone, finasteride, aloe, salamander, clove extract, quacharalate extract, Panax ginseng.
- potassium channel openers include minoxidil, cromakalim, diazoxide and its derivatives, pinacidil and the like.
- antioxidant include black tea extract, tea extract, age extract, jaundice extract, vitamin C and its derivatives, erythorbic acid, propyl gallate, dibutylhydroxytoluene and the like.
- the dosage form is not particularly limited.
- a water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsified cosmetic cream, lotion, gel, foam, essence, foundation, Packs, sticks, powders and the like can be mentioned.
- the cosmetics include oils, surfactants, ultraviolet absorbers, alcohols, chelating agents, pH adjusters, preservatives, thickeners, which are commonly used as cosmetic ingredients. Pigments, fragrances, various skin nutrients, and the like can be combined in any combination.
- medicinal ingredients blended in skin cosmetics for example, ultraviolet absorbers such as fine particle zinc oxide, titanium oxide, persole MCX, persole 1789, vitamins such as ascorbic acid, sodium hyaluronate, petrolatum, glycerin, urea Moisturizers such as humectants, hormonal agents, and other whitening ingredients such as kojic acid, arbutin, placenta extract, lucinol, steroids, arachidonic acid metabolites and histamine, and other chemical transmitter production / release inhibitors (indomethacin, Ibuprofen), anti-inflammatory agents such as receptor antagonists, anti-androgen agents, vitamin A acid, royal jelly extract, sebum secretion inhibitors such as royal jelly acid, peripheral blood vessels such as tocopherol nicotinate, alprostadil, isoxpurine hydrochloride, and trazoline hydrochloride Dilator and peripheral vasodilatory effect Certain carbon dioxide, minoxidil, carpron
- quasi drugs for example, powders such as chalk, talc, fuller's earth, kaolin, starch, rubber, colloidal silica sodium polyacrylate; oils such as mineral oil, vegetable oil, silicone oil, etc.
- Oily substances eg emulsifiers such as sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristearate, glycerol monooleate, polymeric silicone surfactants; preservatives such as para-hydroxybenzoate esters; antioxidants such as butylhydroxytoluene; glycerol, sorbitol , 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate, dibutyl phthalate, gelatin, polyethylene glycol and other wetting agents; buffers such as lactic acid with a base such as triethanolamine or sodium hydroxide; glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbi Surfactants such as fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, alkyl glucosides; waxes such as beeswax, ozokerite wax, paraffin wax; thickeners; activity enhancers; colorants; Combinations can be used as appropriate.
- emulsifiers such as sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristearate
- the compounding amount of American Angelica or an extract thereof in the above-mentioned medicine, quasi-drug or cosmetic is usually 0.00001 to 5% of the total composition of the medicine, quasi-drug or cosmetic, calculated as a dry product. %, Particularly 0.0001 to 0.1% by weight.
- the dosage of American Angelica or its extract can be 1 mg to 1 g / day as a solid residual amount in normal adults, and 0.01 mg or more when used as an external preparation. 1g / day is preferred.
- the external preparation according to the present invention varies depending on the content of the active ingredient. For example, 1 to 20 mg per 1 cm 2 of the skin surface in the case of cream or ointment, and 1 to 20 mg in the case of liquid preparation. Is preferred.
- Example 1 Production of plant extract
- an extract of American Angelica was produced. 10 g of American Angelica root (produced in the United States) was taken, 100 mL of 95% ethanol was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 7 days, followed by filtration to obtain 80 mL of the extract. The evaporation residue was 0.7 w / v%.
- Example 2 NFAT signal inhibitory effect
- an evaluation system for verifying the NFAT signal inhibitory effect is constructed, and the NFAT signal inhibitory effect of the plant extract produced in Example 1 using the evaluation system is shown. Verified.
- HEK293 human kidney cells were purchased from ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) and used. HEK293 cells were cultured in DMEM (High glucose, 10% heat-inactivated FBS) at 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 .
- DMEM High glucose, 10% heat-inactivated FBS
- HEK293 cells transfected with plasmid pNFAT-Luc (Stratagene) having firefly luciferase introduced downstream of the NFAT binding sequence was used.
- pNFAT-luc (STRATAGENE) in which a firefly luciferase gene was introduced downstream of a quadruple NFAT binding sequence was transfected into HEK293 cells for evaluation of NFAT transcriptional activity.
- pRL-CMV Promega
- Renilla luciferase was introduced downstream of the CMV promoter was simultaneously transfected in order to correct the signal derived from firefly luciferase.
- the transfection was performed using LipofectAMINE 2000 reagent (Invitrogen) according to the instruction manual. The medium was changed 8 hours after transfection and incubated overnight. Thereafter, the plant extract produced in Example 1 was added (0.5 vol%), and 1 ⁇ M Ionomycin was added 1 hour later. After 8 hours, a luciferase reporter assay was performed.
- Ionomycin is an ionophore specific to calcium ions and is known as a drug that allows calcium ions to flow into cells. The addition of Ionomycin activates calcineurin, a calcium ion-dependent phosphatase, and the transcriptional activity of NFAT increases accordingly, indicating that this system is suitable for searching for NFAT signal activation inhibitors. Conceivable.
- Luciferase reporter assay The luciferase reporter assay was performed using Dual-Glo Luciferase Assay System (Promega) according to the instruction manual. That is, after removing the medium, Dual-Glo luciferase reagent diluted 2-fold with PBS was added, stirred, and firefly luciferase activity was measured 20 minutes later. Thereafter, an equal amount of Dual-Glo Stop & Glo reagent was added and stirred, and then Renilla luciferase activity was measured. The luciferase activity was measured using MiniLumat LB 9506 (EG & G BERTHOLD), and the amount of luminescence by luciferase was quantitatively detected. In both cases, the measurement time for luciferase activity was 2 seconds.
- NFAT signal inhibition rate 100-(test sample and Ionomycin added group-unstimulated group) / (Ionomycin only added group-unstimulated group) x 100
- the inhibition rate of NFAT signal by the American Angelica extract produced in Example 1 was 101.3%. These results revealed that American Angelica extract inhibits NFAT signal. That is, American Angelica extract can suppress transcription that is positively controlled by NFAT. Therefore, the American Angelica extract prepared in Example 1 is an excellent NFAT signal inhibitor, such as an immunosuppressant, a psoriasis therapeutic agent, an atopic dermatitis therapeutic agent, a hair growth agent, a hair growth promoter, (heart) muscle. It will be identified as candidate substances such as hypertrophy inhibitors and anti-rheumatic drugs.
- an immunosuppressant such as an immunosuppressant, a psoriasis therapeutic agent, an atopic dermatitis therapeutic agent, a hair growth agent, a hair growth promoter, (heart) muscle. It will be identified as candidate substances such as hypertrophy inhibitors and anti-rheumatic drugs.
- Example 3 Comparison of inhibition rate of NFAT signal in Angelica plants
- extracts of various plants belonging to the genus Angelica were prepared and their NFAT signal inhibitory effects were compared and examined.
- an extract was prepared as follows.
- ⁇ Toki> Take 8 g of dried rhizome (produced in Japan) of Toki (Angelica acutiloba), add 80 mL of 95 vol% ethanol, extract at room temperature for 7 days, and filter to obtain an extract (evaporation residue 0.6 w / v%). It was.
- ⁇ Karatouki> Take 8g of dried rhizome (made in China) of Kara Touki (Angelica sinensis), add 80mL of 95vol% ethanol, extract at room temperature for 7 days, and filter to obtain an extract (evaporation residue 0.7w / v%) It was.
- American Angelica extract showed a significantly higher value of NFAT signal inhibition rate than other Angelica plant extracts. From this result, American Angelica extract is an excellent NFAT signal inhibitor compared to other Angelica plant extracts, such as immunosuppressants, psoriasis treatment agents, atopic dermatitis treatment agents, hair growth agents, hair growth agents, It has been identified as a promising candidate substance such as a hair promoter, a (heart) muscle hypertrophy inhibitor and an anti-rheumatic drug.
- Example 4 the hair growth effect of the plant extract produced in Example 1 was verified using an in vitro experimental system that can verify the hair growth effect of the target substance.
- the isolated hair follicles were placed one by one in a 24-well culture plate containing 400 ⁇ l of William's Medium E medium (added with 1% Penicillin-Streptomycin solution (Invitrogen)) per well.
- the hair follicles were cultured for 8 days under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 , during which the medium was changed every other day or two days.
- the American Angelica extract produced in Example 1 was added to the above medium (solid content concentration 0.0001% by weight), and cultured for 8 days together with an ethanol addition group as a solvent control. Take a stereomicroscope image of the start date (day 0) and day 8 with a CCD camera (pixera model No.PVC-100C) and measure the length from the base of the hair bulb to the tip of the hair shaft. It was measured. Thereafter, the hair elongation rate of the American Angelica extract added group produced in Example 1 was calculated by setting the amount of hair elongation before and after culturing in the solvent control group as 100%.
- Example 5 In this example, a commercial kit capable of verifying the calcineurin inhibitory effect of the target substance was verified on the calcineurin inhibitory effect of the plant extract produced in Example 1.
- Calcineurin activity measurement Calcineurin enzyme activity was attached to the kit using a calcineurin assay kit (BIOMOL) using recombinant human calcineurin as an enzyme and RII phosphorylated peptide (DLDVPIPGRFDRV [pS] VAAE) as a substrate peptide for calcineurin. The measurement was performed according to the protocol.
- the American Angelica extract produced in Example 1 was used at 1 vol%.
- the calcineurin activity inhibitory effect of the American Angelica extract produced in Example 1 was calculated as the inhibition rate when the calcineurin activity of the solvent control was 100%.
- Example 6 American Angelica was pre-washed with various concentrations of aqueous ethanol, and then a plant extract was prepared.
- single pre-washing was performed using 10 to 60 vol% ethanol, and then plant extracts (samples 1 to 6) were prepared.
- 8 g of Angelica root chopped into 5 mm square was immersed in 160 mL of ethanol (10-60 vol%) for one day and night, and then the extract (cleaning solution) was discarded. Then, the extract was obtained by extracting with 80 mL of absolute ethanol for 3 days (following, Table 2).
- a plant extract was prepared without performing the pre-cleaning described above for comparison (Sample 18). That is, 8 g of Angelica root chopped into 5 mm square was extracted with 80 mL of absolute ethanol for 3 days to obtain an extract of Sample 18.
- Samples 1-18 prepared as described above were measured for NFAT signal inhibitory activity in the same manner as in Example 2 described above.
- the amount of photosensitizers (5-MOP and 8-MOP) contained in Samples 1 to 18 was measured by HPLC analysis as follows. First, a predetermined amount of 5-MOP or 8-MOP was dissolved in methanol to prepare 1, 5, 10, 100 and 1000 ppm solutions for each. Subsequently, 5 ⁇ l of each solution was subjected to HPLC analysis, and a calibration curve was prepared from the UV absorption area. Under the same conditions, Samples 1 to 18 were subjected to 5 ⁇ l each for HPLC analysis, and the concentration was determined from the UV absorption area using a calibration curve.
- Table 4 shows the NFAT signal inhibitory activity, 5-MOP concentration, and 8-MOP concentration measured for samples 1 to 18.
Abstract
Description
1)アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とするNFATシグナル阻害剤。
2)アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とするカルシニューリン阻害剤。
3)アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とする外用剤。
4)アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とする育毛剤。
5)対象となるヒトの細胞又は組織に対して、アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を接触させることを特徴とするNFATシグナル阻害方法。
6)対象となるヒトの細胞又は組織に対して、アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を接触させることを特徴とするカルシニューリン阻害方法。
7)対象となるヒトの頭皮にアメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を塗布することを特徴とする育毛方法。
8)NFATシグナル阻害剤を製造するためのアメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物の使用。
9)カルシニューリン阻害剤を製造するためのアメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物の使用。
本発明において、アメリカンアンジェリカは、その全草、葉、茎、花、果実、種子、根茎又は根等をそのまま又は乾燥粉砕して用いることができる。
このうち、無水アルコールが好ましく、無水エタノールを使用することがより好ましい。
NFATシグナル阻害作用は、NFATシグナル阻害率を指標として評価することができる。アメリカンアンジェリカ抽出物においては、NFATシグナル阻害率が101.3%である。ここで、NFATシグナル阻害率とは、要するに、抽出物を作用させないときのNFATによる転写活性に対して、抽出物を作用させたときの当該転写活性の低下率を意味している。
従って、本発明のNFATシグナル阻害剤は、NFATによる転写促進活性の亢進に起因する症状や疾患に対する治療剤、又は予防剤として使用することができる。NFATによる転写促進活性の亢進に起因する症状や疾患としては、免疫系疾患、乾癬、アトピー性皮膚炎、心筋を含む筋肥大症、リウマチ、骨代謝疾患、各種のガン、各種白血病、各種肝炎、各種感染症、全身性エリテマトーデス、炎症性腸疾患(潰瘍性大腸炎、クローン病)、多発性硬化症、インスリン依存性糖尿病、消化性潰瘍、敗血症ショック、結核、不妊症、動脈硬化、ベーチェット病、喘息、腎炎、急性バクテリア髄膜炎、急性心筋梗塞、急性膵炎、急性ウイルス脳炎、成人呼吸促迫症候群、バクテリア肺炎、慢性膵炎、末梢血管疾患、敗血症、間質性肝疾患、時局性回腸炎、多発性硬化症等を挙げることができる。 また、前述のとおり、NFATシグナルを阻害することによって育毛(発毛を含む)効果が期待され、実施例4に示すとおり、アメリカンアンジェリカの抽出物には実際に育毛作用が認められたことから、本発明のNFATシグナル阻害剤は、育毛剤又は発毛促進剤として使用できる。
従って、本願発明のカルシニューリン阻害剤は、カルシニューリンが関与するシグナル伝達の亢進に起因する症状や疾患に対する治療剤、又は予防剤として使用することができる。カルシニューリンが関与するシグナル伝達の亢進に起因する症状や疾患としては、上記で例示したNFATによる転写促進活性の亢進に起因する症状や疾患の他に、各種のアレルギー性疾患、統合失調症などの精神疾患等を挙げることができる。
医薬品として使用する場合、その剤形は、特に限定されないが、例えば散剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、丸剤、錠剤等の固形製剤、水剤、懸濁剤、乳剤等の液剤、軟膏剤等が挙げられる。
経口投与の医薬品として使用する場合、アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物の他、経口投与剤の形態に応じて一般に用いられる、賦形剤、崩壊剤、結合剤、滑沢剤、界面活性剤、アルコール類、水、水溶性高分子、甘味料、矯味剤、酸味料等を添加し、常法に従って製造することができる。経口投与用医薬品としては、免疫抑制剤、乾癬治療剤、(心)筋肥大抑制剤及び抗リウマチ薬等が挙げられる。
経皮投与の医薬品として使用する場合、アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物の他、経皮投与剤の形態に応じて一般に用いられる、植物油、動物油、合成油、脂肪酸、及び天然、合成のグリセライド等の油性基剤、滑沢剤、界面活性剤、アルコール類、増粘剤等を添加し、常法に従って製造することができる。経皮投与用医薬品としては、免疫抑制剤、乾癬治療剤、アトピー性皮膚炎治療剤、発毛促進剤等が挙げられる。
当該医薬部外品には、アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物の他に、助剤、安定化剤、湿潤剤、乳化剤、吸収促進剤及び界面活性剤等の薬学的に許容される担体を任意に組合せて配合することができる。また、育毛剤においては、上述した有効成分の他に、通常用いられる養毛薬効剤、例えば、毛包賦活剤、血行促進剤、抗菌剤、抗炎症剤、保湿剤、抗脂漏剤、局所刺激剤、抗男性ホルモン剤、カリウムチャンネルオープナー、抗酸化剤等を必要に応じて適宜配合し、育毛効果の向上を図ることができる。毛包賦活剤としては、フラバノノール類、N-アセチル-L-メチオニン、パントテン酸及びその誘導体、アデノシン及びその誘導体、アスパラギン酸カリウム、ペンタデカン酸グリセリド、6-ベンジアルアミノプリン、モノニトログアヤコールナトリウム等が挙げられる。血行促進剤としては、二酸化炭素、ニコチン酸アミド、ニコチン酸ベンジル、センブリエキス、ニンジンエキス、塩化カルプロニウム、ビタミンE及びその誘導体等が挙げられる。抗菌剤としては、イソプロピルメチルフェノール、塩化ベンザルコニウム、オクトピロックス、ジンクピリチオン、ヒノキチオール等が挙げられる。抗炎症剤としては、甘草エキス、グリチルリチン酸及びその誘導体、グリチルレチン酸及びその誘導体、アズレン、グアイアズレン、オウゴンエキス、カミツレエキス、クマザサエキス、シラカバエキス、ゼニアオイエキス、桃葉エキス、セイヨウノコギリソウエキス等が挙げられる。保湿剤としては、オトギリソウエキス、オーツ麦エキス、グリセリン、チューベロースポリサッカライド、冬虫夏草エキス、延命草エキス、オオムギエキス、ブドウエキス、プロピレングリコール、桔梗エキス、ヨクイニンエキス等が挙げられる。抗脂漏剤としては、イオウ、レシチン、カシュウエキス、チオキソロン等が挙げられる局所刺激剤としては、カンファー、トウガラシチンキ等が挙げられる。抗男性ホルモン剤としては、サイプロテロンアセテート、1 1α-ハイドロキシプロゲステロン、フルタマイド、3-デオキシアデノシン、酢酸クロルマジノン、エチニルエストラジオール、スピロノラクトン、エピテステロン、フィナステライド、アロエ、サンショウ、チョウジエキス、クアチャララーテエキス、オタネニンジン等が挙げられる。カリウムチャンネルオープナーとしては、ミノキシジル、クロマカリム、ジアゾキシド及びその誘導体、ピナシジル等が挙げられる。抗酸化剤としては、紅茶エキス、茶エキス、エイジツエキス、黄杞エキス、ビタミンC及びその誘導体、エリソルビン酸、没食子酸プロピル、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン等が挙げられる。
〔実施例1〕 植物抽出物の製造
本実施例では、アメリカンアンジェリカの抽出物を製造した。アメリカンアンジェリカの根(アメリカ合衆国産)を10gとり、100mLの95%エタノールを加え、室温で7日間静置抽出後、ろ過して抽出液80mLを得た。蒸発残分0.7w/v%であった。
本例では、NFATシグナル阻害効果を検証するための評価システムを構築し、当該評価システムを用いて実施例1で製造した植物抽出物についてのNFATシグナル阻害効果を検証した。
(1)評価システムのための材料及び方法
細胞培養
上記評価システムには、NFAT結合配列の下流にホタルルシフェラーゼが導入されたプラスミドpNFAT-Luc(Stratagene)をHEK293細胞にトランスフェクションしたものを使用した。詳細には、NFAT転写活性の評価用に4連のNFAT結合配列の下流にホタルルシフェラーゼ遺伝子が導入されたpNFAT-luc(STRATAGENE)をHEK293細胞にトランスフェクションした。また、トランスフェクション効率によるばらつきをなくすことを目的として、ホタルルシフェラーゼに由来するシグナルを補正するためにCMV promoterの下流にウミシイタケルシフェラーゼが導入されたpRL-CMV(Promega)を同時にトランスフェクションした。
ルシフェラーゼレポーターアッセイは、Dual-Glo Luciferase Assay System(Promega)を用い、使用説明書に従って行った。すなわち、培地を除去後、PBSにより2倍希釈したDual-Glo luciferase reagentを加え、攪拌した後、20分後にホタルルシフェラーゼ活性を測定した。その後、等量のDual-Glo Stop&Glo reagentを加え、攪拌した後にウミシイタケルシフェラーゼ活性を測定した。ルシフェラーゼ活性測定はMiniLumat LB 9506(EG&G BERTHOLD)を用いて行い、ルシフェラーゼによる発光量を定量的に検出した。双方ともルシフェラーゼ活性の測定時間は2秒とした。
全てのNFAT転写活性(ホタルルシフェラーゼ活性)はトランスフェクション効率補正のために導入されたウミシイタケルシフェラーゼ活性にて除することで補正した。その後、NFATシグナル阻害率を以下の式にて算出した。
NFATシグナル阻害率(%)=100-(試験サンプル及びIonomycin添加群-無刺激群)/(Ionomycinのみ添加群-無刺激群)×100
実施例1で製造したアメリカンアンジェリカ抽出物によるNFATシグナル阻害率は101.3%であった。この結果からアメリカンアンジェリカ抽出物がNFATシグナルを阻害することが明らかとなった。すなわち、アメリカンアンジェリカ抽出物は、NFATにより正に制御される転写を抑制することができる。したがって、実施例1で製造したアメリカンアンジェリカ抽出物は優れたNFATシグナル阻害剤であり、例えば免疫抑制剤、乾癬治療剤、アトピー性皮膚炎治療剤、育毛剤、発毛促進剤、(心)筋肥大抑制剤及び抗リウマチ薬等の候補物質として同定されたこととなる。
本例では、種々のアンジェリカ属に属する植物の抽出物を調製し、NFATシグナル阻害作用について比較検討した。本例では以下のように抽出物を調製した。
アメリカンアンジェリカ(Angelica atropurpurea)の乾燥根(アメリカ産)を8gとり、80mLの95vol%エタノールを加え、室温7日間静置抽出後、ろ過して抽出液(蒸発残分1.0w/v%)を得た。
トウキ(Angelica acutiloba)の乾燥根茎(日本産)を8gとり、80mLの95vol%エタノールを加え、室温7日間静置抽出後、ろ過して抽出液(蒸発残分0.6w/v%)を得た。
アシタバ(Angelica keiskei)の乾燥葉(日本産)を8gとり、80mLの95vol%エタノールを加え、室温7日間静置抽出後、ろ過して抽出液(蒸発残分1.9w/v%)を得た。
ビャクシ(Angelica dahurica)の乾燥根茎(中国産)を8gとり、80mLの95vol%エタノールを加え、室温7日間静置抽出後、ろ過して抽出液(蒸発残分0.5w/v%)を得た。
カラトウキ(Angelica sinensis)の乾燥根茎(中国産)を8gとり、80mLの95vol%エタノールを加え、室温7日間静置抽出後、ろ過して抽出液(蒸発残分0.7w/v%)を得た。
ヨーロッパトウキ(Angelica archangelica)(フランス産)を8gとり、80mLの95vol%エタノールを加え、室温7日間静置抽出後、ろ過して抽出液(蒸発残分1.0w/v%)を得た。
本例では、対象物質の育毛効果を検証できるin vitroの実験系を用いて実施例1で製造した植物抽出物の育毛効果を検証した。
食肉用豚種の臀部皮膚を適当な大きさに切り分け、余分な脂肪組織を除いた。豚皮は無菌下でヒビテン液(5%ヒビテン液(住友製薬)を水で5~20倍に希釈)に5分~10分浸することにより消毒を行った後にD-PBSで数回洗浄した。その後、実体顕微鏡下にて洗浄した豚皮から毛包を単離してWilliam's Medium E培地(Invitrogen)培地中に集めた。
本例では、対象物質のカルシニューリン阻害効果を検証できる市販のキットを実施例1で製造した植物抽出物のカルシニューリン阻害効果を検証した。
カルシニューリン酵素活性は、リコンビナントヒトカルシニューリンを酵素とし、カルシニューリンの基質ペプチドとしてRIIリン酸化ペプチド(DLDVPIPGRFDRV[pS]VAAE)を基質として用いたCalcineurin assay kit(BIOMOL)を用い、キットに添付されたプロトコール通りに測定した。なお、実施例1で製造したアメリカンアンジェリカ抽出物は1 vol%にて使用した。実施例1で製造したアメリカンアンジェリカ抽出物のカルシニューリン活性阻害効果は、溶媒コントロールのカルシニューリン活性を100%とした時の阻害率として算出した。
本例では、アメリカンアンジェリカを各種濃度のエタノール水溶液で前洗浄した後、植物抽出物を調製した。先ず、本例では、10~60vol%エタノールを用いて単回前洗浄し、その後、植物抽出物(サンプル1~6)を調製した。具体的には、5mm角に刻んだアンジェリカ根8gを(10~60vol%)エタノール160mLに1昼夜攪拌浸漬した後、抽出液(洗浄液)を廃棄した。その後、無水エタノール80mLで3日間抽出することで抽出物を得た(下記、表2)。
Claims (9)
- アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とするNFATシグナル阻害剤。
- アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とするカルシニューリン阻害剤。
- アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とする外用剤。
- アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を有効成分とする育毛剤。
- 対象となるヒトの細胞又は組織に対して、アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を接触させることを特徴とするNFATシグナル阻害方法。
- 対象となるヒトの細胞又は組織に対して、アメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を接触させることを特徴とするカルシニューリン阻害方法。
- 対象となるヒトの頭皮にアメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物を塗布することを特徴とする育毛方法。
- NFATシグナル阻害剤を製造するためのアメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物の使用。
- カルシニューリン阻害剤を製造するためのアメリカンアンジェリカ又はその抽出物の使用。
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CN200980159906.5A CN102458428B (zh) | 2009-06-15 | 2009-06-15 | Nfat信号抑制剂和钙调磷酸酶抑制剂 |
US13/378,125 US8470376B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2009-06-15 | NFAT signal inhibitor and calcineurin inhibitor |
EP09846118A EP2444097A4 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2009-06-15 | NFAT SIGNAL INHIBITOR AND CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR |
US13/922,400 US8808758B2 (en) | 2009-06-15 | 2013-06-20 | NFAT signal inhibitor and calcineurin inhibitor |
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CN107982133A (zh) * | 2017-12-24 | 2018-05-04 | 姚佑灿 | 一种抗炎修复精华 |
CN108772001A (zh) * | 2018-08-15 | 2018-11-09 | 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所 | 溶液混合罐及溶液配置装置 |
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US20130260457A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
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