WO2010137532A1 - 検出対象の検出方法及び定量方法 - Google Patents
検出対象の検出方法及び定量方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010137532A1 WO2010137532A1 PCT/JP2010/058651 JP2010058651W WO2010137532A1 WO 2010137532 A1 WO2010137532 A1 WO 2010137532A1 JP 2010058651 W JP2010058651 W JP 2010058651W WO 2010137532 A1 WO2010137532 A1 WO 2010137532A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/583—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with non-fluorescent dye label
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/536—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase
- G01N33/542—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with immune complex formed in liquid phase with steric inhibition or signal modification, e.g. fluorescent quenching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/582—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with fluorescent label
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a detection method and a quantification method of a detection target.
- a latex agglutination method has been used as a method for detecting a detection target in a specimen.
- the latex agglutination method is a method for detecting the antigen in a fluid such as a biological sample by mixing a latex carrying an antibody or a fragment thereof that specifically binds to the antigen with the fluid to determine the degree of latex aggregation.
- This is a method for detecting or quantifying an antigen by measuring (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- an antigen added as a specimen crosslinks a plurality of latex-bound antibodies to promote latex agglutination. Since the procedure is simple as described above, the antigen can be detected easily and rapidly. However, when the antigen is in a trace amount, the crosslinking is difficult to occur, so that the latex does not sufficiently aggregate. For this reason, it was difficult to detect a trace amount of antigen.
- ELISA and CLEIA enzyme substrate reactions
- a primary antibody that specifically binds to an antigen is bound to the antigen
- a secondary antibody having an enzyme is bound to the primary antibody.
- the antigen is detected or quantified by adding the enzyme substrate and measuring the degree of reaction catalyzed by the enzyme.
- the detection sensitivity of luminescence after the addition of the substrate is high, so that a trace amount of antigen can be detected.
- this method consists of multiple steps such as a step of incubating the sample and each reagent, a step of washing the system, and a step of measuring luminescence, and the operation is complicated. Moreover, the time required for each stage is extremely long, and is not suitable for large-scale processing.
- the present inventors use a bound substance in which a substance containing a stimulus-responsive polymer and an affinity substance for a detection target are bound, and a bound substance in which a charged substance and an affinity substance for the detection target are bound.
- a detection and quantification technique for the detection target International Publication WO2008 / 001868 pamphlet.
- this technique it was determined that the degree of aggregation of the stimuli-responsive polymer was reduced by measuring the turbidity after placing the mixture of the above-mentioned two kinds of conjugates and the specimen under conditions where the stimuli-responsive polymer aggregated. If it is detected, it is determined that the detection target exists in the sample.
- this technique it is achieved using only a substance containing a stimuli-responsive polymer, an affinity substance, and a substance having a charge, and is performed without using any special reagent, so that it is inexpensive and simple.
- it is only a measure of the degree of aggregation inhibition, and since it is not a system that utilizes a reaction catalyzed by an enzyme, it can be carried out rapidly.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a detection method and a quantification method of a detection target capable of detecting and quantifying a detection target quickly, inexpensively, simply and with high accuracy in various environments. Let it be an issue.
- the present inventors have found that when a mixture of two kinds of conjugates and a specimen is developed on a development carrier, the signal resulting from the presence of the conjugate on the development carrier varies greatly depending on the presence or absence of the detection target.
- the present invention has been completed. Specifically, the present invention has the following configuration.
- a method for detecting a detection target in a sample A first binding material in which a first substance containing a stimulus-responsive polymer and a first affinity substance for the detection target are bound; a second substance having hydrophilicity; and a second affinity for the detection target A second binding substance bound with a sex substance and the specimen are mixed, The obtained mixture is subjected to a condition where the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates, and the mixture is developed on a developing carrier, or the obtained mixture is developed on a developing carrier, and the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates the mixture.
- the signal resulting from the presence of the first binding substance or the second binding substance in the development carrier is confirmed, and when the signal is different from that in the absence of the detection target, the detection target is present in the sample. Then, it is a method including a step of determining, A method in which a first affinity substance and a second affinity substance can bind to different sites to be detected. [2] The method according to [1], wherein when the intensity of a signal due to the presence of the first binding substance is weaker than that in the absence of the detection target, it is determined that the detection target exists in the specimen.
- a method for quantifying a detection target in a sample A first binding material in which a first substance containing a stimulus-responsive polymer and a first affinity substance for the detection target are bound; a second substance having hydrophilicity; and a second affinity for the detection target A second binding substance bound with a sex substance and the specimen are mixed, The obtained mixture is subjected to a condition where the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates, and the mixture is developed on a developing carrier, or the obtained mixture is developed on a developing carrier, and the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates the mixture.
- the method includes a step of calculating the amount of the detection target in A method in which a first affinity substance and a second affinity substance can bind to different sites to be detected. [5] The method according to [4], wherein a signal due to the presence of aggregates of the first conjugate is measured. [6] The mixture is developed on the development carrier after removing aggregates of the first binding substance, The method according to [4], wherein the intensity of the signal resulting from the presence of the first conjugate is measured.
- the first conjugate has colored particles; The method according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the signal depends on a color based on the presence of the colored particles.
- the first binding substance or the second binding substance has a substance that develops color or emits light on the development carrier, The method according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the signal depends on a color or light based on the presence of the substance that develops or emits light.
- a kit for detecting and / or quantifying a detection target A first binding substance in which a first substance containing a stimulus-responsive polymer and a first affinity substance for the detection target are bound; a second substance having hydrophilicity; and a second affinity for the detection target A second binding substance bound with a sex substance;
- a kit comprising: a development carrier for developing the conjugate.
- the kit according to [9] wherein the first combined product has colored particles.
- the first binding substance or the second binding substance has a substance that develops color or emits light on the development carrier.
- the first affinity substance and the second affinity substance are bound to the binding target. Therefore, the stimulus-responsive polymer bound to the first affinity substance;
- the second substance bound to the second affinity substance approaches.
- a charge part or a hydrophilic part is arrange
- the signal when the mixture is spread on the development carrier changes according to the amount of the detection target, the detection target can be easily detected or quantified based on the presence or absence and degree of this change. .
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of the deployment device of FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of the expansion
- the first binding substance is a combination of the first substance containing the stimulus-responsive polymer and the first affinity substance for the detection target.
- the first substance used in the present invention is a substance containing a stimulus-responsive polymer, and this stimulus-responsive polymer undergoes a structural change in response to an external stimulus and is a polymer capable of adjusting aggregation and dispersion.
- the stimulus include, but are not limited to, temperature change, light irradiation, acid or base addition (pH change), electric field change, and the like.
- a temperature-responsive polymer that can be aggregated and dispersed by temperature change can be used.
- the temperature-responsive polymer include a polymer having a lower critical solution temperature (hereinafter also referred to as LCST) and a polymer having an upper critical solution temperature (hereinafter also referred to as UCST).
- LCST lower critical solution temperature
- UCST upper critical solution temperature
- a polymer having a lower critical solution temperature with an LCST of 37 ° C. is completely dispersed in an aqueous solution having a temperature lower than the LCST, and can be agglomerated immediately when the water temperature is raised above the LCST.
- a polymer having an upper critical solution temperature with a UCST of 5 ° C. is completely dispersed in an aqueous solution having a temperature exceeding the UCST, and can be immediately aggregated when the water temperature is lowered below the UCST.
- Examples of the polymer having a lower critical solution temperature used in the present invention include Nn-propylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-acryloylpyrrolidine, N-acryloylpiperidine, N -N substitution such as acryloylmorpholine, Nn-propylmethacrylamide, N-isopropylmethacrylamide, N-ethylmethacrylamide, N, N-dimethylmethacrylamide, N-methacryloylpyrrolidine, N-methacryloylpiperidine, N-methacryloylmorpholine Polymer composed of (meth) acrylamide derivative; hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol partially acetylated product, polyvinyl methyl ether, (polyoxyethylene-polyoxypro Len) block copolymers, polyoxyethylene alkylamine derivatives such as polyoxyethylene laurylamine
- copolymers comprising these polymers and at least two of these monomers can also be used.
- a copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide and Nt-butylacrylamide can also be used.
- another copolymerizable monomer may be copolymerized with the polymer within a range having a lower critical solution temperature.
- an elastin-derived polypeptide having a repeating sequence of a pentapolypeptide represented by Val-Pro-Gly-X-Gly (X is an amino acid other than proline) can be preferably used.
- a polymer having the upper critical solution temperature used in the present invention a polymer comprising at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of acryloylglycinamide, acryloylnipecotamide, acryloylasparagineamide, acryloylglutamineamide, and the like can be used. Moreover, the copolymer which consists of these at least 2 types of monomers may be sufficient.
- These polymers include other copolymerizable monomers such as acrylamide, acetylacrylamide, biotinol acrylate, N-biotinyl-N′-methacryloyl trimethylene amide, acryloyl sarcosine amide, methacryl sarcosine amide, acryloylmethyl uracil, etc. May be copolymerized within the range having the upper critical solution temperature.
- a pH-responsive polymer that can be aggregated and dispersed by changing pH can be used as the stimulus-responsive polymer.
- the pH at which the pH-responsive polymer undergoes a structural change is not particularly limited, but it can suppress a decrease in detection and quantification accuracy due to denaturation of the first bound substance, the second bound substance described later, and the specimen at the time of applying the stimulus.
- pH 4 to 10 is preferable, and pH 5 to 9 is more preferable.
- Examples of such a pH-responsive polymer include polymers containing groups such as carboxyl, phosphoric acid, sulfonyl and amino as functional groups. More specifically, (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, phosphorylethyl (meth) acrylate, aminoethyl methacrylate, aminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, dimethylamino
- a monomer having a dissociating group such as propyl (meth) acrylamide may be polymerized, and the monomer having such a dissociating group and other vinyl monomers such as methyl (meta ) (Meth) acrylates such as acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, vinyl compounds such as styrene, vinyl chloride and N-viny
- the first substance may contain fine particles carrying a stimulus-responsive polymer and an affinity substance described below.
- the microparticles used here are smaller than the pore diameter of the development carrier described later alone, and larger than the pore diameter of the development carrier when aggregated, so that the signal on the development carrier changes depending on the degree of aggregation.
- the specific composition thereof is not particularly limited as long as it can support the stimulus-responsive polymer and the affinity substance.
- the fine particles In the conventional latex agglutination method, latex agglomerates in accordance with the presence of a detection target, and it is necessary to detect the agglomeration. In order to improve detection sensitivity, it is preferable that the fine particles have a large particle diameter. In contrast, in the method of the present invention, the smaller the particle size, the larger the specific surface area per unit volume, and the more effective inhibition of aggregation of the stimuli-responsive polymer due to increased binding of the detection target. It is preferable that the particle diameter of this is small. However, the average particle diameter of the fine particles needs to be set so as to be smaller than the pore diameter of the developing carrier when not aggregated and larger than the pore diameter of the developing carrier when aggregated.
- the average particle size of the fine particles may be appropriately set in consideration of the efficiency of aggregation inhibition, the aggregation method (particularly the change in diameter), the pore size of the developing carrier, and the like.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter is preferably 0.001 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.010 ⁇ m, most preferably 0.1 ⁇ m
- the upper limit is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m, more preferably. Is 0.3 ⁇ m, most preferably 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the fine particles are preferably colored particles in that they form a color-dependent signal when developed on a development carrier, and the signal can be easily confirmed or measured.
- the colored particles are not particularly limited, and may be metal colloid particles (for example, gold colloid particles), synthetic polymers such as polystyrene latex, homogeneous spherical particles made of natural polymers such as gelatin, and the like.
- the first bound product can be used not only for the method of the present invention but also for the detection method described in International Publication WO2008 / 001868 pamphlet. In this case, by separating the aggregates by applying magnetic force, The detection accuracy can be improved (for details, see WO2008 / 001868). Therefore, in order to improve versatility, the fine particles preferably include a magnetic substance, and the magnetic substance may be composed of a polyhydric alcohol and magnetite.
- the polyhydric alcohol is not particularly limited as long as it is an alcohol structure having at least two hydroxyl groups as a structural unit and capable of binding to iron ions, and examples thereof include dextran, polyvinyl alcohol, mannitol, sorbitol, and cyclodextrin. .
- dextran polyvinyl alcohol
- mannitol mannitol
- sorbitol sorbitol
- cyclodextrin cyclodextrin.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-82538 discloses a method for producing a particulate magnetic material using dextran.
- the compound which has an epoxy like a glycidyl methacrylate polymer and forms a polyhydric alcohol structure after ring-opening can also be used.
- the first affinity substance may be, for example, a monoclonal antibody that recognizes different antigenic determinants to be detected.
- the antibody used herein may be any type of immunoglobulin molecule, and may be an immunoglobulin molecule fragment having an antigen binding site such as Fab.
- the antibody may be a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody.
- the first binding substance is prepared by binding the first substance and the first affinity substance.
- the binding method is not particularly limited.
- substances having affinity for each other on both the first substance side for example, stimulus-responsive polymer portion
- the first affinity substance for example, first antibody
- avidin and biotin, glutathione and glutathione S-transferase are bound, and the first substance and the first affinity substance are bound via these substances.
- biotin is bonded to the stimulus-responsive polymer by adding biotin or the like to a polymerizable functional group such as methacryl or acryl to form an addition polymerizable monomer. It can be carried out by copolymerizing with other monomers.
- the binding of avidin or the like to the first affinity substance can be performed according to a conventional method.
- the biotin-binding stimulus-responsive polymer and the avidin-bonded first affinity substance are mixed, the first affinity substance and the stimulus-responsive polymer are bonded through the bond between avidin and biotin.
- a monomer having a functional group such as carboxyl, amino or epoxy is copolymerized with another monomer during the production of the polymer, and through this functional group, an antibody affinity substance (for example, according to methods well known in the art)
- an antibody affinity substance for example, according to methods well known in the art
- a method of binding melon gel, protein A, protein G to a polymer can be used.
- a first bound product of the stimulus-responsive polymer and the first antibody against the antigen to be detected is produced.
- a monomer having a functional group such as carboxyl, amino, or epoxy may be copolymerized with another monomer during the production of the polymer, and the first antibody against the antigen to be detected may be directly bonded to these functional groups according to a conventional method. Good.
- the first affinity substance and the stimulus-responsive polymer may be bound to the fine-particle magnetic substance.
- the first bound substance may be purified by subjecting the first substance to conditions where the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates and then separating by centrifugation.
- a magnetic substance in the form of fine particles is bound to the stimulus-responsive polymer, and after the first affinity substance is further bound, the magnetic force is applied under the condition that the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates. Then, the magnetic material may be recovered by a method.
- the fine magnetic substance can be bonded to the stimulus-responsive polymer via a reactive functional group, or a polymerizable unsaturated bond is introduced into the active hydrogen or polyhydric alcohol on the polyhydric alcohol in the magnetic substance.
- the graft polymerization may be carried out by a method known in the art such as graft polymerization (for example, ADV.Polym.Sci., Vol.4, p111, 1965, J. Polymer Sci., Part-A, 3, p1031). 1965).
- the second substance having hydrophilicity is, for example, a polymer compound having a charge, and is preferably a polyanion or a polycation.
- the polyanion means a substance having a plurality of anion groups
- the polycation means a substance having a plurality of cation groups.
- Examples of polyanions include nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. These nucleic acids have the properties of polyanions due to the presence of a plurality of phosphodiester groups along the nucleic acid urn.
- the polyanion includes a polymer containing a large number of carboxyl-containing polypeptides (polypeptides consisting of amino acids such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid), polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polysulfonic acid, and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as polymerization components. Also included are polysaccharides such as carboxymethylcellulose, hyaluronic acid, and heparin.
- examples of the polycation include polylysine, polyarginine, polyornithine, polyalkylamine, polyethyleneimine, and polypropylethyleneimine.
- the number of functional groups of the polyanion (carboxyl) or polycation (amino) is preferably 25 or more.
- latex particles having a carboxyl group are also exemplified.
- the second substance having hydrophilicity is, for example, a water-soluble polymer compound, a polymer containing an ether bond such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, or polypropylene oxide, or an alcoholic hydroxyl group such as polyvinyl alcohol.
- water-soluble polysaccharides such as dextran, cyclodextrin, agarose and hydroxypropylcellulose, polypeptides containing neutral amino acids, and the like.
- hydrophilic substances may have a functional group or the like for binding the second affinity substance in or at the end of the polymer chain.
- the 2nd substance which has hydrophilicity may be utilized individually by 1 type, or multiple may be mixed and utilized.
- the second affinity substance is capable of binding to the same detection target as the first affinity substance at a site different from the first affinity substance.
- the first affinity substance and the second affinity substance may be, for example, monoclonal antibodies that recognize different antigenic determinants to be detected.
- the second binding substance is created by directly or indirectly binding the second substance and the second affinity substance.
- substances that are compatible with each other for example, avidin and biotin, glutathione, and glutathione S-transferase
- the second substance side and the second affinity substance eg, second antibody
- the second substance and the second affinity substance are indirectly bound via these substances.
- the second substance and the second affinity substance may be bound via a functional group.
- a functional group the method of Gosh et al .: Bioconjugate Chem., 1, 71-76, 1990). Specifically, there are the following two methods.
- a mercapto group also known as a sulfhydryl group
- EMCS 6-maleimidohexanoic acid succinimide ester
- a mercapto group is introduced at the 5 ′ end of the nucleic acid in the same manner as in the first method, and N, N-1,2-phenylenedioxide, which is a homobifunctional reagent, is further introduced into this mercapto group.
- N, N-1,2-phenylenedioxide which is a homobifunctional reagent
- maleimide By reacting with maleimide, a maleimide group is introduced at the 5 ′ end of the nucleic acid, while a mercapto group is introduced into the antibody.
- these two substances are bonded through a mercapto group and a maleimide group.
- nucleic Acids Research Vol. 15 5275 (1987) and Nucleic Acids Research Vol. 16 3671 (1988) are known. Yes. These techniques can be applied to the binding of nucleic acids and antibodies.
- a mercapto group is first introduced into the 5'-terminal hydroxyl group of an oligonucleotide by reacting the oligonucleotide with cystamine, carbodiimide and 1-methylimidazole. After purifying the oligonucleotide with a mercapto group introduced, it is reduced with dithiothreitol, followed by the addition of 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide to introduce a pyridyl group via a disulfide bond at the 5 'end of the oligonucleotide. To do.
- a mercapto group is introduced by reacting iminothalylene.
- the oligonucleotide into which the pyridyl disulfide is introduced and the protein into which the mercapto group is introduced are mixed, and the protein and the oligonucleotide are bound by specifically reacting the pyridyl group and the mercapto group.
- dithio-bis-propionic acid-N- Hydroxysuccinimide ester (abbreviation: dithio-bis-propionyl-NHS) is reacted.
- dithiothreitol is added to reduce the disulfide bond in the dithio-bis-propionyl-NHS molecule and introduce a mercapto group at the 3 'end of the oligonucleotide.
- a heterobifunctional cross-linking agent as shown in JP-A-5-48100 is used.
- a heterobicycle having a first reactive group (succinimide) that can react with a functional group (for example, an amino group) in a protein and a second reactive group (for example, maleimide) that can react with a mercapto group By reacting the protein with a functional cross-linking agent, a second reactive group is introduced into the protein to obtain a protein reagent activated in advance. The protein reagent thus obtained is covalently bound to the mercapto group of the thiolated polynucleotide.
- a second conjugate can be produced by the same operation as described above by introducing a mercapto group at the terminal or the like.
- the stimulus-responsive polymer is the charge part or hydrophilic part of the detection target.
- the dispersion is inhibited by aggregation.
- the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates without being inhibited from aggregation.
- the first bound substance, the second bound substance, and the specimen may be mixed at the same time or may be mixed separately one by one.
- the first conjugate 10 contains a stimulus-responsive polymer 11, and this stimulus-responsive polymer 11 binds to the first antibody 13 against the detection target 50 via avidin 15 and biotin 17.
- the first bonded material 10 includes a particulate magnetic material 19, and the stimulus-responsive polymer 11 as the first material is bonded to the surface of the magnetic material 19.
- the second conjugate 20 the second antibody 23 against the detection target 50 and the second substance 21 are bound. Since the first antibody 13 and the second antibody 23 can bind to different parts of the detection target 50, they can bind to the same detection target 50.
- the second combined substance 20 can approach the magnetic substance 19 via the detection target 50 and the stimulus-responsive polymer 11, and at this time, the second substance 21 is located in the vicinity of the magnetic substance 19.
- the charge of the second combined product 20 Although the configuration is such that the portion or the hydrophilic portion is positioned in the vicinity of the magnetic substance 19, the configuration is not limited to this, and a configuration in which the charge portion or the hydrophilic portion to be detected is positioned in the vicinity of the magnetic substance 19 may be used.
- the container containing the mixed solution may be transferred to a constant temperature bath at a temperature at which the temperature-responsive polymer aggregates.
- temperature-responsive polymers There are two types of temperature-responsive polymers: a polymer having an upper critical solution temperature (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “UCST”) and a polymer having a lower critical solution temperature (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “LCST”).
- UCST upper critical solution temperature
- LCST lower critical solution temperature
- the temperature-responsive polymer can be agglomerated by transferring the container containing the mixed solution to a constant temperature bath of 37 ° C. or higher. .
- the temperature-responsive polymer can be agglomerated by moving the container containing the mixed solution to a thermostatic bath of less than 5 ° C. .
- LCST decreases with increasing salt concentration around the temperature-responsive polymer. For this reason, it is also possible to agglomerate the temperature-responsive polymer at a constant temperature by adding a salt (for example, NaCl) having a predetermined concentration to a solution in which the temperature-responsive polymer is dispersed at a certain temperature.
- a salt for example, NaCl
- Examples of the salt used in the present invention include lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and the like; halides such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, barium chloride; magnesium nitrate, Nitrates such as calcium nitrate; thiocyanates such as potassium thiocyanate; carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; borate salts; phosphates and the like. These salts can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- sodium salt of monocarboxylic acid such as sodium acetate, sodium aspartate, sodium glutamate, sodium iminodiacetate, sodium maleate, sodium malonate, sodium oxalate, disodium succinate, or dicarboxylic acid such as sodium tartrate
- Organic salts such as sodium salt of tricarboxylic acid such as disodium citrate, sodium salt of tetracarboxylic acid such as disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, etc. Available. These salts can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- an aqueous salt solution may be added so as to obtain a desired salt concentration.
- the required amount of salt to aggregate the temperature-responsive polymer varies depending on the type of salt, the temperature of the aqueous solution, the type of temperature-responsive polymer, and the concentration of the temperature-responsive polymer, but it is generally 50 mM to 5 M at a final concentration in the aqueous solution. Preferably, it is in the range of 100 to 1000 mM.
- an acid solution or an alkali solution may be added to a container containing a mixed solution.
- an acid solution or an alkali solution is added to a container containing a dispersion mixture outside the pH range where the pH-responsive polymer causes a structural change, and the pH-responsive polymer causes a structural change inside the container. Change to the range.
- an acid solution may be added to a container containing a mixed solution that is dispersed at pH 5 or higher so that the pH is 5 or lower. .
- an alkaline solution may be added to a container containing a mixed solution that is dispersed at a pH lower than 10 so that the pH becomes 10 or higher.
- the pH at which the pH-responsive polymer undergoes a structural change is not particularly limited, but is preferably pH 4 to 10, and more preferably pH 5 to 9.
- polypeptide containing a large number of carboxyls polypeptide consisting of amino acids such as glutamic acid and aspartic acid
- polyacrylic acid polymethacrylic acid
- polymer containing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid as a polymerization component
- carboxymethylcellulose And polysaccharides such as hyaluronic acid and heparin, polylysine, polyarginine, polyornithine, polyalkylamine, polyethyleneimine and polypropylethyleneimine.
- a photoresponsive polymer when a photoresponsive polymer is used, light having a wavelength capable of aggregating the polymer may be irradiated to a container containing the mixed solution.
- the preferred light for aggregation varies depending on the type and structure of the photoresponsive functional group contained in the photoresponsive polymer, but in general, ultraviolet light or visible light having a wavelength of 190 to 800 nm can be suitably used.
- the strength is preferably 0.1 to 1000 mW / cm 2 .
- a photoresponsive polymer is a thing which is hard to produce dispersion
- the measurement accuracy can be improved by shortening the irradiation time.
- Specific examples include polymers containing photoresponsive functional groups such as azobenzene, spirobenzopyran, and spirobenzothiopyran.
- the stimulus-responsive polymer 11 When the mixture of the first binding substance 10, the second binding substance 20, and the specimen is placed under such conditions, the stimulus-responsive polymer 11 is charged in the second binding substance 20 when the detection target 50 exists. Aggregation is inhibited by the part or the hydrophilic part and dispersed (FIG. 2 (A)). On the other hand, when the detection target 50 does not exist, the stimulus-responsive polymer 11 aggregates without being inhibited from aggregation ((B) in FIG. 2).
- the aggregation of the temperature-responsive polymer may be performed after the first bound substance and the second bound substance are bound to the detection target, or may be performed in parallel, but the processing time can be shortened. And the latter is preferred.
- the lower critical solution temperature is determined as follows. First, a sample is put into a cell of an absorptiometer and the sample is heated at a rate of 1 ° C./min. During this time, the change in transmittance at 550 nm is recorded. Here, when the transmittance when the polymer is transparently dissolved is 100% and when the transmittance when the polymer is completely aggregated is 0%, the temperature at which the transmittance is 50% is obtained as LCST.
- the upper critical solution temperature is determined as follows. The sample is cooled at a rate of 1 ° C./min and the change in transmittance at 550 nm is recorded as in the case of the lower critical solution temperature.
- the transmittance when the polymer is transparently dissolved is 100% and the transmittance when the polymer is completely aggregated is 0%
- the temperature at which the transmittance is 50% is obtained as UCST.
- the timing of placing the mixture under conditions in which the stimuli-responsive polymer aggregates may be before the development (the mixture is developed after being subjected to the aggregation conditions), and simultaneously with the development. It may be present (subject to aggregation conditions during deployment).
- the development carrier used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the fine particles can be developed in an aqueous solution, and may be a conventionally known chromatography carrier. Specifically, a porous three-dimensional structure film such as a nylon film or a nitrocellulose film may be used, and either a synthetic or natural polymer film may be used. However, the developing carrier needs to have a pore diameter larger than the average particle diameter of the fine particles and smaller than the aggregate diameter of the above-mentioned fine particles. It is preferable to have a pore diameter of about 0.5 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a procedure of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the specimen and the first binding substance are mixed and incubated under the above-mentioned conditions, and the second binding substance is further mixed and incubated under the above-mentioned conditions.
- the condition that the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates has already been established at this point.
- the developing carrier is immersed in the mixture from the lower end to a predetermined height, and the mixture is developed in this state. Then, when there is no detection target in the sample, a large amount of aggregates are formed in the mixture. However, since the aggregate diameter is larger than the pore diameter, the aggregate is concentrated on the meniscus and the bound substance in the aggregate A colored band (an example of a signal) due to the presence of (usually fine particles) is confirmed. On the other hand, when the detection target is present in the specimen, the amount of the aggregate is significantly reduced according to the amount of the detection target, and the non-aggregate smaller than the pore size moves on the development carrier. Therefore, the colored band due to the presence of aggregates is not confirmed or thinned, and the colored area (an example of signal) due to the presence of bound substances (usually fine particles) in non-aggregates is confirmed over a wide range. Is done.
- the intensity due to the presence of the aggregate (the intensity of the signal color gamut) is weaker than in the absence of the detection target, it can be determined that the detection target exists in the sample. Further, in the present embodiment, it can be determined that the detection target exists in the specimen even when the position of the signal color gamut is different from that in the absence of the detection target.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a procedure of a method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- a stimulus-responsive polymer at room temperature at a position away from the lower end of the development carrier (shown for convenience, but may actually be invisible).
- An effective amount of salt e.g., NaCl
- Development is then started without subjecting the mixture to agglomeration conditions (eg, at a lower temperature than the LCST of the stimulus-responsive polymer).
- the mixture moves to the position where the salt is arranged, but concentrates at this position because it aggregates and cannot move.
- the detection target is present in the specimen, the mixture is inhibited from aggregation even if it moves to the position where the salt is arranged, so that it moves further through this position. For this reason, colored bands due to the presence of aggregates are not confirmed or become thin, and a colored region (an example of a signal) due to the presence of binding substances (usually fine particles) in non-aggregates is confirmed over a wide range. Is done.
- the intensity due to the presence of the aggregate is weaker than in the absence of the detection target, it can be determined that the detection target exists in the sample.
- the colored band since the colored band is confirmed in the meniscus, the colored band may be unclear in an environment where it is difficult to keep the liquid level constant, but in this embodiment, salt is disposed. Since the colored band is confirmed at the position, the colored band can be sharpened regardless of the liquid level. This effect is particularly important when detection is performed in an environment such as outside the laboratory.
- positions salt is not specifically limited,
- the arbitrary places of the upper end side may be sufficient as the lower end of a expansion
- a salt can be placed near the center of the development carrier in that the same signal can be obtained. preferable. This effect is also particularly important when detection is performed in an environment such as outside the laboratory.
- a mark or the like indicating the direction of the spreading carrier may be provided on the spreading carrier, thereby increasing the degree of freedom of the location where the salt is placed.
- the salt is arranged on the development carrier, but it is not particularly limited as long as the stimulus-responsive polymer can be aggregated. Specifically, it may be set to a temperature at which only a predetermined portion of the development carrier can be aggregated, an acid or a base having an aggregation pH may be disposed, or light may be irradiated.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a procedure of a method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the joint is present at a position away from the lower end of the development carrier (shown for convenience, it may not be actually visible)
- a substance that develops or emits light on the carrier is arranged.
- FIG. 5 (b) when development is performed in the same procedure as in FIG. 3 using such a development carrier, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), when a detection target is present in the specimen, a non-aggregate smaller than the pore diameter is developed. Since it moves to the position of the substance that develops or emits light on the carrier, color development or emission (an example of a signal) is confirmed at this position.
- the sensitivity and accuracy of detection can be further improved by appropriately selecting the intensity of color development or light emission.
- color development or light emission corresponds to a signal.
- the substance that develops or emits light may be appropriately selected from conventionally known substances.
- the coloring substance include those having an absorption band in the visible region, such as triazine and 1,10-phenanthroline.
- the luminescent substance include fluorescent and chemiluminescent substances such as luminol and luciferase.
- a coloring material is preferable in that it can be confirmed with the naked eye and does not require a light irradiation device, but is not limited thereto.
- the amount of magnetism may be measured. In this case, the amount of magnetism corresponds to a signal.
- the binding substance is configured to be colored, the colored area due to the presence of the aggregate can be confirmed at a position corresponding to the meniscus when there is no detection target in the specimen.
- the signal may be one type or a plurality of types, and may be appropriately selected.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of a deployment device 40 including a deployment carrier 30 used in the method according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the deployment device 40 of FIG. 6 taken along the line VII-VII.
- the filter 47 is disposed on one end (the lower end in FIG. 6, the left end in FIG. 7) of the deployment carrier 30 that is disposed horizontally, and the position away from the one end.
- a substance that develops color or emits light on the developing carrier 30 when it is present together with the bound substance is arranged.
- the liquid absorption 49 is in contact with the other end of the development carrier 30.
- the filter 47 may be made of the same or different material as the developing carrier 30, but does not transmit the aggregates and transmits the non-aggregates. That is, the filter 47 is larger than the above-described average particle diameter of the fine particles and the aggregate diameter of the aggregates. Need to have a smaller pore size. Moreover, the liquid absorption 49 will not be specifically limited if it can absorb the solvent in a mixture.
- the development carrier 30, the filter 47 and the liquid absorption 49 in this state are held by the upper holder 41 and the lower holder 42, the filter 47 is exposed through the supply port portion 43, and the position 31 is visible from the outside through the window portion 44. is there.
- the holding method is not particularly limited, it is preferable that the upper holder 41 and the lower holder 42 are detachable in that the upper holder 41 and the lower holder 42 can be reused.
- the developing device 40 Using the developing device 40, the mixture prepared in the same procedure as in FIG. As a result, the mixture is developed on the development carrier after the aggregates are removed by the filter 47. For this reason, when a detection target is present in the specimen, a large amount of non-aggregated substance passes through the filter 47 and moves to the position 31 on the development carrier 30, and color development or light emission is confirmed at the position 31. On the other hand, when there is no detection target in the specimen, a large amount of aggregate formed in the mixture remains on the filter 47, while there is very little or no non-aggregate that can pass through the filter 47. Therefore, it is difficult to confirm color development or light emission at the position 31.
- the detection target is present in the specimen when the intensity of the signal (here, color development or luminescence) due to the presence of the aggregate is stronger than in the absence of the detection target.
- This embodiment is different from the above-described embodiments because there is little restriction that the development carrier must be supported in the same posture during the development, so there is no support stand outside the laboratory or wind It is preferable at the point which can respond also to the environment where external air flows.
- the quantification method of the present invention first, the first binding substance, the second binding substance, and the specimen are mixed, and this mixture is subjected to a predetermined condition in which the stimulus-responsive polymer aggregates. Next, the mixture is developed on a development carrier, the intensity of the signal due to the presence of the binding substance in the development carrier is measured, and based on the correlation equation under a predetermined condition between the amount of the detection target and the signal intensity, The amount of the detection target is calculated. Since the procedure up to the deployment is the same as the detection method described above, the description is omitted.
- the measurement may be performed according to a conventionally known procedure according to the type of signal to be measured, and may be performed with the naked eye or using a measuring instrument. Further, the signal intensity used in the correlation equation described below may be a measured value itself or a score value of a group classified according to the range of signal intensity. The score value is, for example, as follows. Score 0: No signal was confirmed. Score 1: The signal is weak. Score 2: The signal is clearly confirmed.
- Correlation formula A correlation equation between the amount of detection target and the signal intensity under the same condition as the predetermined condition is created.
- the data may be related to the amount of the detection target of two or more points, and is preferably related to the amount of the detection target of three or more points.
- the correlation equation between the detection target amount and the signal intensity is not only an equation indicating a direct correlation between the detection target amount and the signal strength, but also the parameter reflecting the detection target amount and the signal strength, or the above-described parameter. It may be a correlation formula with the score value.
- Targets that can be detected by the above detection methods include environmental pollutants, food and drink contaminants, and substances used for clinical diagnosis. Specifically, dioxins, environmental hormones, agricultural chemicals, PCB, organic mercury, prions, etc.
- Fibrinogen Fibrin and their degradation products
- AFP ⁇ -fetoprotein
- CRP C-reactive protein
- myoglobin carcinoembryonic antigen
- hCG human chorionic gonadotropin
- HPL human placental lactogen
- HIV virus antigens allergens
- bacterial toxins bacterial antigens
- enzymes formo (E.g., human thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), insulin, etc.), drugs, and the like.
- the present invention also includes a kit for detecting and / or quantifying a detection target.
- the kit includes a first bound substance in which a first substance having an aggregating substance containing a stimulus-responsive polymer and a first affinity substance for a detection target are bound, and a second substance having hydrophilicity.
- the first substance or the second substance preferably has colored particles.
- bonding material has a substance which carries out color development or light emission on the said expansion
- PBS buffer 10-fold concentrated PBS (81 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , 14.7 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 26.8 mM KCl, 1370 mM NaCl, pH 7.4, manufactured by Nippon Gene Co., Ltd.) 1/10 with purified water Diluted to (V / V).
- Purified water Water purified with “Direct-Q” (trade name) manufactured by MILLIPORE.
- Example 1 In this example, anti-TSH ⁇ antibody binding-temperature responsive polymer surface-modified magnetic particles are used as the first conjugate, and anti-TSH ⁇ antibody-conjugated sodium polyacrylate is used as the second conjugate. ) Is detected.
- Streptavidin bond-temperature-responsive polymer surface-modified magnetic particles 250 ⁇ L of Thermo-Max (registered trademark) LSA Streptavidin (0.4 mass%) manufactured by Magnabeat Co., Ltd. are taken in a 1.5 mL microtube, and further PBS 50 ⁇ L (0.75 mg / mL) of a biotinylated anti-human TSH ⁇ antibody dissolved in a buffer was added and mixed by inversion at 4 ° C. for 15 minutes. After the microtube was heated to 37 ° C., the magnetic particles were collected with a magnet and the supernatant was removed. To this, 250 ⁇ L of PBS buffer was added and cooled to disperse the magnetic particles.
- This labeled antibody (this antibody is also referred to as sodium polyacrylate-anti-human TSH ⁇ antibody conjugate), 0.5% (w / v) BSA (manufactured by Sigma), 0.5% (w / v) A second conjugate was prepared by diluting to a protein concentration of 4 ⁇ g / mL with PBS buffer (pH 7.4) containing Tween® 20, 10 mM EDTA.
- the maleimidated sodium polyacrylate was prepared as follows. First, 2 g of acrylic acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 2-aminoethanethiol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 0. 021 g and 0.023 g of azobisisobutyronitrile (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were dissolved in 50 mL of N, N-dimethylformamide, and purged with nitrogen for 1 hour. Thereafter, a polymerization reaction was carried out at 70 ° C. for 7 hours.
- reaction liquid was concentrated to 10 mL under reduced pressure, and reprecipitation was performed with diethyl ether until the viscous product became powdery.
- the white precipitate was filtered off and further dried overnight in a vacuum dryer to obtain amino group-terminated polyacrylic acid (yield 1.5 g).
- 0.5 g of this amino group-terminated polyacrylic acid and 10 mL of N, N-dimethylformamide were placed in a 50 mL eggplant flask equipped with a nitrogen gas inlet tube and a stirrer and dissolved. Thereto was added 3 mg of EMCS (N- (6-maleimidocaproyloxy) succinimide) (manufactured by Dojindo Laboratories) and reacted overnight.
- EMCS N- (6-maleimidocaproyloxy) succinimide
- the obtained reaction liquid was concentrated to 1 mL under reduced pressure, and reprecipitation was performed with diethyl ether until a viscous product became powdery.
- the white precipitate was filtered off and further dried overnight in a vacuum dryer to obtain maleimide group-terminated polyacrylic acid.
- the number-average molecular weight of this maleimide group-terminated polyacrylic acid is about 130,000 (GPC system: manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, column: manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, TSKgel Super AW3000, 6 mm ID. ⁇ 150 mm, mobile phase: 0.1 M sodium nitrate), The yield was 0.4g.
- sample preparation TSH; Aspen Bio Pharma, Inc. A solution (concentration 30 ⁇ g / mL) of human thyroid stimulating hormone (activity 8.5 IU / mg, WHO 80/558) manufactured by Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. with “Vitros® TSH calibrator 1” Samples 2 and 3 were diluted to be 06 mIU / L and 0.0012 mIU / L, respectively. Sample 1 was prepared by the same procedure except that it did not contain human thyroid stimulating hormone activity.
- a membrane filter “Hi-Flow Membrane # SNHF0400” (trade name) manufactured by MILLIPORE as a developing carrier having a pore size of 5 mm ⁇ 50 mm and a size of 0.1 ⁇ m or less is placed about 10 mm from the lower end of the reaction solution in the reaction tube. And soaked for 1 minute. Thereafter, the membrane filter was gently lifted and the state on the membrane filter was observed. The result is shown in FIG.
- Example 2 In this example, an example of detecting HBs antigen using anti-HBs antibody binding-temperature-responsive polymer surface-modified magnetic particles as the first conjugate and anti-HBs antibody-conjugated polyethylene glycol as the second conjugate is shown. .
- Anti-HBs monoclonal antibody (antigenic determinant: a, clone number Hyb-824) manufactured by Special Immunology Research Institute Co., Ltd. was used using EZ-Link Sulfo-NHS-Biotin Kit, Product # 21420 (trade name) manufactured by PIERCE. Biotinylated according to the biotinylation method attached to the kit to prepare a biotinylated anti-HBs monoclonal antibody.
- Thermo-Max (registered trademark) LSA Streptavidin (30) (0.2 mass%) manufactured by Magnabeat, which is a temperature-responsive polymer surface-modified magnetic particle, in a 1.5 mL microtube, and further with PBS buffer 50 ⁇ l (0.75 mg / mL) of the biotinylated anti-HBs monoclonal antibody dissolved in was added and mixed by inversion at 4 ° C. for 15 minutes. After the microtube was heated to 37 ° C., the magnetic particles were collected with a magnet, and the supernatant was removed to prepare anti-HBs monoclonal antibody temperature-responsive polymer surface-modified magnetic particles.
- Example preparation Purified HBs antigen manufactured by Special Immunity Research Institute Co., Ltd. was diluted to a concentration of 1000 ng / mL with 0.5% BSA (manufactured by Sigma) and PBS buffer (pH 7.4). This dilution was diluted to a concentration of 10 ng / mL with human serum determined to be negative by “Vitros (registered trademark) HBs antigen (Lot No. 2330) kit manufactured by Ortho Clinical Diagnostics. The sample was a positive sample (Sample 2), and this human serum was a negative sample (Sample 1).
- the membrane filter is developed on the membrane filter in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that 100 ⁇ L of the first conjugate dispersion, 100 ⁇ L of the second conjugate dispersion, and 5 ⁇ L of the sample are used. Was observed. The result is shown in FIG.
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Abstract
Description
刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する第1の物質と前記検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合した第1の結合物と、親水性を有する第2の物質と前記検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物と、前記検体とを混合し、
得られた混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、前記混合物を展開担体に展開させ、又は得られた混合物を展開担体に展開させ、前記混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、
前記展開担体における第1の結合物又は第2の結合物の存在に起因する信号を確認し、前記信号が、前記検出対象の非存在下と異なる場合には、前記検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別する工程を含む方法であり、
第1の親和性物質と第2の親和性物質とが、前記検出対象の異なる部位に結合できる方法。
[2] 第1の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度が、前記検出対象の非存在下よりも弱い場合に、前記検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別する[1]記載の方法。
[3] 前記混合物は、第1の結合物の凝集体を除去した後に前記展開担体に展開させ、
第1の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度が、前記検出対象の非存在下よりも強い場合に、前記検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別する[1]記載の方法。
[4] 検体中の検出対象を定量する方法であって、
刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する第1の物質と前記検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合した第1の結合物と、親水性を有する第2の物質と前記検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物と、前記検体とを混合し、
得られた混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、前記混合物を展開担体に展開させ、又は得られた混合物を展開担体に展開させ、前記混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、
前記展開担体における第1の結合物又は第2の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度を測定し、前記検出対象の量と信号強度との前記所定条件下における相関式に基づいて、前記検体中の検出対象の量を算出する工程を含む方法であり、
第1の親和性物質と第2の親和性物質とが、前記検出対象の異なる部位に結合できる方法。
[5] 第1の結合物の凝集体の存在に起因する信号を測定する[4]記載の方法。
[6] 前記混合物は、第1の結合物の凝集体を除去した後に前記展開担体に展開させ、
第1の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度を測定する[4]記載の方法。
[7] 第1の結合物は有色粒子を有し、
前記信号は、前記有色粒子の存在に基づく色に依存したものである[1]から[6]いずれか記載の方法。
[8] 第1の結合物又は第2の結合物は、前記展開担体上で発色もしくは発光する物質を有し、
前記信号は、前記発色もしくは発光する物質の存在に基づく色又は光に依存したものである[1]から[7]いずれか記載の方法。
[9] 検出対象を検出及び/又は定量するためのキットであって、
刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する第1の物質と前記検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合した第1の結合物と、親水性を有する第2の物質と前記検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物と、
前記結合物を展開するための展開担体と、を備えるキット。
[10] 第1の結合物は有色粒子を有する[9]記載のキット。
[11] 第1の結合物又は第2の結合物は、前記展開担体上で発色もしくは発光する物質を有する[9]又は[10]記載のキット。
〔混合・凝集〕
本発明の検出方法では、まず、結合物及び検体を混合し、この混合物を刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におく。ここで用いる結合物は少なくとも2種であり、そのうち必須の構成要素である第1の結合物、及び第2の結合物について詳細に説明する。
第1の結合物は、刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する第1の物質と、検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合したものである。
本発明で用いられる第1の物質は刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する物質であり、この刺激応答性ポリマーは、外的な刺激に応答して構造変化を起こし、凝集及び分散を調整できるポリマーである。刺激としては、特に限定されないが、温度変化、光の照射、酸又は塩基の添加(pHの変化)、電場変化等が挙げられる。
第1の物質は、刺激応答性ポリマー及び後述の親和性物質を担持する微粒子を含有してもよい。ここで用いる微粒子は、凝集の程度に応じて展開担体上の信号が変化するように、単独では後述の展開担体の孔径よりも小さく、且つ、凝集した際には展開担体の孔径よりも大きくなるような平均粒子径を有する必要があるが、その具体的組成は刺激応答性ポリマー及び親和性物質を担持できる限りにおいて特に限定されない。
第1の親和性物質は、例えば、検出対象の異なる抗原決定基を認識するモノクローナル抗体であってよい。ここで用いる抗体は、いかなるタイプの免疫グロブリン分子であってもよく、Fab等の抗原結合部位を有する免疫グロブリン分子断片であってもよい。また、抗体は、モノクローナル抗体でもポリクローナル抗体でもよい。
第1の結合物は、第1の物質と第1の親和性物質とを結合することによって作製する。この結合方法は、特に限定されないが、例えば、第1の物質側(例えば刺激応答性ポリマー部分)及び第1の親和性物質(例えば、第1の抗体)側の双方に、互いに親和性の物質(例えば、アビジン及びビオチン、グルタチオン及びグルタチオンSトランスフェラーゼ)を結合させ、これら物質を介して第1の物質及び第1の親和性物質を結合させる。
本発明の方法では、第1の結合物に加えて、親水性を有する第2の物質と、検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物を用いる。これにより、検出感度を向上することができる。
親水性を有する第2の物質は、例えば電荷を有する高分子化合物であり、ポリアニオン又はポリカチオンであることが好ましい。ポリアニオンとは複数のアニオン基を有する物質を意味し、ポリカチオンとは複数のカチオン基を有する物質を意味する。ポリアニオンの例として、DNA及びRNA等の核酸が挙げられる。これらの核酸は、核酸骨恪に沿って複数個のホスホジエステル基が存在することにより、ポリアニオンの性質を有する。また、ポリアニオンには、多数のカルボキシルを含むポリペプチド(グルタミン酸、アスパラギン酸等のアミノ酸からなるポリペプチド)、ポリアクリル酸、ポリメタクリル酸、ポリスルホン酸及びアクリル酸やメタクリル酸を重合成分として含有するポリマー、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒアルロン酸、及びヘパリン等の多糖等も含まれる。一方、ポリカチオンの例としては、ポリリジン、ポリアルギニン、ポリオルニチン、ポリアルキルアミン、ポリエチレンイミンやポリプロピルエチレンイミン等が挙げられる。なお、ポリアニオン(カルボキシル)やポリカチオン(アミノ)の官能基数は、25個以上が好ましい。また、カルボキシル基を持つラテックス粒子等も挙げられる。
第2の親和性物質は、第1の親和性物質とは異なる部位において、第1の親和性物質と同じ検出対象に結合できるものである。第1の親和性物質及び第2の親和性物質は、例えば、検出対象の異なる抗原決定基を認識するモノクローナル抗体であってよい。
第2の結合物は、第2の物質と第2の親和性物質とを直接又は間接に結合することによって作製する。特に限定されないが、例えば、第2の物質側及び第2の親和性物質(例えば、第2の抗体)側の双方に、互いに親和性の物質(例えば、アビジン及びビオチン、グルタチオン及びグルタチオンSトランスフェラーゼ)を結合させ、これら物質を介して第2の物質及び第2の親和性物質を間接的に結合させる。
検体と結合物との混合物を展開担体に展開させ、この展開担体における結合物の存在に起因する信号を確認し、この信号が、検出対象の非存在下と異なる場合には、検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別する。つまり、図2に示したように、検出対象の有無に応じて、各混合物中の凝集の状態が異なるため、各混合物の展開態様も異なることになる。そこで、検出対象の非存在下と異なる信号が確認された場合には、検体中に検出対象が存在したと判別できるのである。このように、判別が、展開担体上の信号を確認するだけで、特殊な試薬、機器を特に使用することなく行われるので、種々の環境において、安価且つ簡便に検出を実施できる。
本発明の方法で用いられる展開担体は、水溶液中で微粒子を展開できるものであれば特に限定されず、従来公知のクロマトグラフィー用担体であってよい。具体的には、有孔の三次元構造膜、例えばナイロン膜、ニトロセルロース膜等が挙げられ、合成又は天然高分子膜のいずれであってもよい。ただし、展開担体は、前述した微粒子の平均粒子径よりも大きく且つ凝集体の凝集径よりも小さい孔径を有する必要があるところ、種々の微粒子に対応でき汎用性に優れる点で、0.01μm~0.5μm程度の孔径を有することが好ましい。
本発明の定量方法によれば、まず、第1の結合物、第2の結合物及び検体を混合し、この混合物を刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する所定条件下におく。次に、混合物を展開担体に展開させ、この展開担体における結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度を測定し、検出対象の量と信号強度との所定条件下における相関式に基づいて、検体中の検出対象の量を算出する。展開までの手順は前述した検出方法と共通するので、説明を省略する。
測定は、測定すべき信号の種類に応じ、従来公知の手順に従って行えばよく、肉眼で又は測定機器を用いて行ってよい。また、次に説明する相関式で用いる信号強度は、測定値そのものであってもよいし、信号強度の範囲に応じて分類された群のスコア値であってもよい。スコア値とは、例えば、以下のようなものである。
スコア0:信号が確認されず。
スコア1:信号が微弱である。
スコア2:信号が明確に確認される。
上記所定条件と同一の条件における、検出対象の量と信号強度との相関式を作成する。この相関式を構成する検出対象の量と信号強度との測定は、データが多い程に信頼性の高い相関式が得られる。そこでデータは、2点以上の検出対象の量に関するものであればよく、3点以上の検出対象の量に関するものであることが好ましい。
混合物を展開したときの信号強度値を、作成した相関式に代入することによって、検体中の検出対象の量を算出できる。
以上の検出方法で検出できる対象としては、環境汚染物質、飲食品汚染物質、臨床診断に利用される物質が挙げられ、具体的には、ダイオキシン、環境ホルモン、農薬、PCB、有機水銀等、プリオン、カビ毒、フグ毒、抗生物質、防カビ剤等、体液、尿、喀痰、糞便中等に含まれるヒトイムノグロブリンG、ヒトイムノグロブリンM、ヒトイムノグロブリンA、ヒトイムノグロブリンE、ヒトアルブミン、ヒトフィブリノーゲン(フィブリン及びそれらの分解産物)、α-フェトプロテイン(AFP)、C反応性タンパク質(CRP)、ミオグロビン、ガン胎児性抗原、肝炎ウイルス抗原、ヒト絨毛性ゴナドトロピン(hCG)、ヒト胎盤性ラクトーゲン(HPL)、HIVウイルス抗原、アレルゲン、細菌毒素、細菌抗原、酵素、ホルモン(例えば、ヒト甲状腺刺激ホルモン(TSH)、インスリン等)、薬剤等が挙げられる。
本発明は、検出対象を検出及び/又は定量するためのキットも包含する。このキットは、刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する凝集性物質を持つ第1の物質と検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合した第1の結合物と、親水性を有する第2の物質と前記検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物と、この結合物を展開するための展開担体と、を備える。第1の物質又は第2の物質は有色粒子を有することが好ましい。また、第1の結合物又は第2の結合物は、前記展開担体上で発色もしくは発光する物質を有することが好ましい。各構成要素の詳細は前述の通りであるので、省略する。
PBSバッファー:10倍濃度の市販のPBS(81mM Na2HPO4、14.7mM KH2PO4、26.8mM KCl、1370mM NaCl、pH7.4、ニッポンジーン(株)製)を精製水で1/10(V/V)に希釈して用いた。
精製水:MILLIPORE社製「Direct-Q」(商品名)で精製した水。
本実施例では、第1の結合物として抗TSHβ抗体結合-温度応答性ポリマー表面修飾磁性粒子を、第2の結合物として抗TSHα抗体結合ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムを用いて、ヒト甲状腺刺激ホルモン(TSH)を検出する例を示す。
Leinco Technologies,Inc.製の抗ヒトTSHβ抗体(Anti-Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Beta、クローン:195マウス、クラス:マウスIgG)をsulfo-NHS-Biotinを用いて旭テクノグラス社がビオチン化し、ビオチン化抗ヒトTSHβ抗体を調製した。
まず、検出対象としてのヒト甲状腺刺激ホルモン(TSH)に対する第2の親和性物質としての抗ヒトTSHα抗体(Anti-Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Alpha、クローン:176マウス、マウスIgG、Leinco Technology,Inc.製、1mg/mL)1mLに2-メルカプトエタノール6mgを加え、37℃で120分間反応させた。反応後、Slide-A-Lyzer(商品名) 透析カセット、10K MWCO(Pierce)により、PBSバッファー500mLに対して透析を行って、過剰の2-メルカプトエタノールを除き、限界排除分子量10000の限外濾過膜(MILLIPORE社製[Amicon Ultra-4 Ultracel 10k])を用いて0.5mLに濃縮し、マウス抗ヒトTSHα抗体の還元抗体を得た。この還元抗体0.5mLと、100μLマレイミド化ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムとを4℃で1晩反応させ、続いてSuperdex-200 10/300GL(GEヘルスケア社製)を用いてゲル濾過することで、標識抗体を調製した。この標識抗体(この抗体は、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム-抗ヒトTSHα抗体結合物ともいう。)を、0.5%(w/v)BSA(シグマ社製)、0.5%(w/v)Tween(登録商標)20、10mM EDTAを含有するPBSバッファー(pH7.4)でタンパク質濃度4μg/mLになるように希釈することで、第2の結合物を調製した。
TSH;Aspen Bio Pharma,Inc.製ヒト甲状腺刺激ホルモン(活性8.5IU/mg、WHO80/558)の溶液(濃度30μg/mL)を、オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティクス社製「ビトロス(登録商標) TSH キャリブレータ1」で、0.06mIU/L、0.0012mIU/Lとなるよう希釈したものを、それぞれ検体2、3とした。なお、ヒト甲状腺刺激ホルモン活性を含有しないことを除き、同様の手順で調製したものを検体1とした。
第1の結合物の分散溶液150μL及び第2の結合物の分散溶液200μLをマイクロチューブ内に注ぎ、ボルテックスミキサーで1秒間撹拌した後、検体1~3各々を50μL注ぎ、ボルテックスミキサーで撹拌した後、室温(21℃)で5分間インキュベートした。チューブから反応液全量を採り、予め37℃に保温してある反応管(図3参照)に注ぎ、37℃で5分間に亘り保温した。
図9に示されるように、検出対象を含有しない検体1では、メニスカスに対応する位置(下端から約10mm)に、凝集体中の結合物(磁性粒子)の存在に起因する茶色のバンドが確認された。これに対して、検出対象を含有する検体2、3では、メニスカスに対応する位置での茶色のバンドは確認されず、広範囲に茶色域が確認された。従って、メニスカスに対応する位置の茶色バンドの濃さが、検出対象の非存在下よりも弱い場合に、検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別できることが分かった。また、茶色域の位置がメニスカス位置に集中せず、広範囲に亘ることによっても、検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別できることが分かった。
本実施例では、第1の結合物として抗HBs抗体結合-温度応答性ポリマー表面修飾磁性粒子を、第2の結合物として抗HBs抗体結合ポリエチレングリコールを用いて、HBs抗原を検出する例を示す。
(株)特殊免疫研究所製の抗HBsモノクローナル抗体(抗原決定基:a、クローン番号Hyb-824)を、PIERCE社製EZ-Link Sulfo-NHS-Biotin Kit,Product#21420(商品名)を用い、キットに添付のビオチン化方法に従ってビオチン化し、ビオチン化抗HBsモノクローナル抗体を調製した。
抗ヒトTSHα抗体の代わりに、(株)特殊免疫研究所製の抗HBsモノクローナル抗体(抗原決定基:d、クローン番号Hyb-3423)及び抗HBsモノクローナル抗体(抗原決定基:y、クローン番号Hyb-3457)を用いた点、及び2-メルカプトエタノールの代わりに2-メルカプトエチルアミン塩酸塩を用いた点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で、2種類の抗HBsモノクローナル抗体の還元抗体を得た。これらの還元抗体から、マレイミド化ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムの代わりにマレイミド化ポリエチレングリコールを用いた点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順で2種類の標識抗体を得て、第2の結合物を調製した。なお、用いたマレイミド化ポリエチレングリコールは、SUNBRIGHT ME-400MA(商品名)日油(株)製 重量平均分子量40,000である。
(株)特殊免疫研究所製の精製HBs抗原を、0.5%BSA(シグマ社製)及びPBSバッファー(pH7.4)で、1000ng/mLの濃度へと希釈した。この希釈物を、オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス社製「ビトロス(登録商標) HBs抗原(ロット番号2330)キットで陰性と判断されたヒト血清で、10ng/mLの濃度へと希釈したものを陽性検体(検体2)とした。また、このヒト血清を陰性検体(検体1)とした。
第1の結合物の分散溶液100μL、第2の結合物の分散溶液100μL及び検体5μLを用いた点を除き、実施例1と同様の手順でメンブレンフィルタへの展開を行い、メンブレンフィルタ上の様子を観察した。この結果を図10に示す。
図10に示されるように、検出対象を含有しない検体1では、メニスカスに対応する位置(図中の矢印で示す位置)に、凝集体中の結合物(磁性粒子)の存在に起因する茶色のバンドが確認された。これに対して、検出対象を含有する検体2では、メニスカスに対応する位置での茶色のバンドは確認されず、広範囲に茶色域が確認された。従って、メニスカスに対応する位置の茶色バンドの濃さが、検出対象の非存在下よりも弱い場合に、検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別できることが分かった。また、茶色域の位置がメニスカス位置に集中せず、広範囲に亘ることによっても、検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別できることが分かった。
11 刺激応答性ポリマー
13 第1の抗体(第1の親和性物質)
15 アビジン
17 ビオチン
19 磁性物質
20 第2の結合物
21 第2の物質
23 第2の抗体(第2の親和性物質)
30 展開担体
40 展開器具
41 上保持具
42 下保持具
43 供給口部
44 窓部
47 フィルタ
50 検出対象
Claims (11)
- 検体中の検出対象を検出する方法であって、
刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する第1の物質と前記検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合した第1の結合物と、親水性を有する第2の物質と前記検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物と、前記検体とを混合し、
得られた混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、前記混合物を展開担体に展開させ、又は得られた混合物を展開担体に展開させ、前記混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、
前記展開担体における第1の結合物又は第2の結合物の存在に起因する信号を確認し、前記信号が、前記検出対象の非存在下と異なる場合には、前記検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別する工程を含む方法であり、
第1の親和性物質と第2の親和性物質とが、前記検出対象の異なる部位に結合できる方法。 - 第1の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度が、前記検出対象の非存在下よりも弱い場合に、前記検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別する請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記混合物は、第1の結合物の凝集体を除去した後に前記展開担体に展開させ、
第1の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度が、前記検出対象の非存在下よりも強い場合に、前記検体中に検出対象が存在すると判別する請求項1記載の方法。 - 検体中の検出対象を定量する方法であって、
刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する第1の物質と前記検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合した第1の結合物と、親水性を有する第2の物質と前記検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物と、前記検体とを混合し、
得られた混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、前記混合物を展開担体に展開させ、又は得られた混合物を展開担体に展開させ、前記混合物を前記刺激応答性ポリマーが凝集する条件下におき、
前記展開担体における第1の結合物又は第2の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度を測定し、前記検出対象の量と信号強度との前記所定条件下における相関式に基づいて、前記検体中の検出対象の量を算出する工程を含む方法であり、
第1の親和性物質と第2の親和性物質とが、前記検出対象の異なる部位に結合できる方法。 - 第1の結合物の凝集体の存在に起因する信号を測定する請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記混合物は、第1の結合物の凝集体を除去した後に前記展開担体に展開させ、
第1の結合物の存在に起因する信号の強度を測定する請求項4記載の方法。 - 第1の結合物は有色粒子を有し、
前記信号は、前記有色粒子の存在に基づく色に依存したものである請求項1から6いずれか記載の方法。 - 第1の結合物又は第2の結合物は、前記展開担体上で発色もしくは発光する物質を有し、
前記信号は、前記発色もしくは発光する物質の存在に基づく色又は光に依存したものである請求項1から7いずれか記載の方法。 - 検出対象を検出及び/又は定量するためのキットであって、
刺激応答性ポリマーを含有する第1の物質と前記検出対象に対する第1の親和性物質とが結合した第1の結合物と、親水性を有する第2の物質と前記検出対象に対する第2の親和性物質とが結合した第2の結合物と、
前記結合物を展開するための展開担体と、を備えるキット。 - 第1の結合物は有色粒子を有する請求項9記載のキット。
- 第1の結合物又は第2の結合物は、前記展開担体上で発色もしくは発光する物質を有する請求項9又は10記載のキット。
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EP (1) | EP2437059A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5329658B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (8)
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CN102680510A (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 渤海大学 | 一种味精中掺入硫酸镁的定性鉴别方法 |
WO2014038585A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-13 | Jnc株式会社 | 物質測定センサー |
JP2016006405A (ja) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-14 | オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス株式会社 | 検出対象の検出方法及び定量方法、キット、並びに試薬の調製方法 |
WO2017090721A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス株式会社 | 検体中の検出対象を定量する方法 |
WO2017115440A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-06 | オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス株式会社 | 検出対象の検出方法及び定量方法、キット、並びに試薬の調製方法 |
JP2018128366A (ja) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-16 | 積水メディカル株式会社 | イムノクロマトグラフ法 |
WO2020027234A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-06 | キヤノンメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | 分析方法、試薬キット及び分析装置 |
JP7486978B2 (ja) | 2020-02-28 | 2024-05-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 検査薬、検査キットおよび検査方法 |
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CN108700580B (zh) * | 2016-02-12 | 2021-12-14 | Jsr株式会社 | 添加剂、表面处理剂、表面改性乳胶粒子、表面改性乳胶粒子的制造方法、乳胶凝聚反应用试剂、试剂盒、以及靶物质的检测方法 |
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- 2010-05-21 CN CN201080023788.8A patent/CN102483409B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN102680510A (zh) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-09-19 | 渤海大学 | 一种味精中掺入硫酸镁的定性鉴别方法 |
WO2014038585A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-13 | Jnc株式会社 | 物質測定センサー |
CN104755932A (zh) * | 2012-09-04 | 2015-07-01 | 捷恩智株式会社 | 物质测定传感器 |
JPWO2014038585A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-04 | 2016-08-12 | Jnc株式会社 | 物質測定センサー |
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JP2016006405A (ja) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-01-14 | オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス株式会社 | 検出対象の検出方法及び定量方法、キット、並びに試薬の調製方法 |
WO2017090721A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-06-01 | オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス株式会社 | 検体中の検出対象を定量する方法 |
JPWO2017090721A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-26 | 2018-11-15 | オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス株式会社 | 検体中の検出対象を定量する方法 |
WO2017115440A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-06 | オーソ・クリニカル・ダイアグノスティックス株式会社 | 検出対象の検出方法及び定量方法、キット、並びに試薬の調製方法 |
JP2018128366A (ja) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-16 | 積水メディカル株式会社 | イムノクロマトグラフ法 |
WO2020027234A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-02-06 | キヤノンメディカルシステムズ株式会社 | 分析方法、試薬キット及び分析装置 |
JP7486978B2 (ja) | 2020-02-28 | 2024-05-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 検査薬、検査キットおよび検査方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2763856A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
JP5329658B2 (ja) | 2013-10-30 |
JPWO2010137532A1 (ja) | 2012-11-15 |
US9063144B2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
CN102483409B (zh) | 2016-05-18 |
US20120070912A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
CA2763856C (en) | 2014-07-08 |
EP2437059A1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
CN102483409A (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
EP2437059A4 (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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