WO2010131617A1 - 歯車装置 - Google Patents
歯車装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010131617A1 WO2010131617A1 PCT/JP2010/057867 JP2010057867W WO2010131617A1 WO 2010131617 A1 WO2010131617 A1 WO 2010131617A1 JP 2010057867 W JP2010057867 W JP 2010057867W WO 2010131617 A1 WO2010131617 A1 WO 2010131617A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- plate member
- pin
- flange portion
- retaining portion
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
- F16H1/46—Systems consisting of a plurality of gear trains each with orbital gears, i.e. systems having three or more central gears
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/202—Mechanical transmission, e.g. clutches, gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/08—Profiling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0479—Gears or bearings on planet carriers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
- F16H57/082—Planet carriers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/19633—Yieldability in gear trains
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/1987—Rotary bodies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gear device mounted with a gear along an outer peripheral surface of a substantially cylindrical pin and rotating the gear around the pin.
- Patent Document 1 discloses the configuration of a reduction gear provided with a planetary gear mechanism immersed in lubricating oil.
- each planetary gear is loaded along the outer peripheral surface of a planetary shaft (pin) through a bearing portion, and a C-shaped retaining ring for fixing a washer (plate member) to the upper end portion of the planetary shaft (Retaining portion) is mounted to fix the planetary gear to the planetary shaft.
- the above-described conventional planetary gear mechanism has the following problems. That is, in the planetary gear mechanism disclosed in the above publication, the planetary gear is fixed to the planetary shaft using a washer and a C-shaped snap ring, but when the washer rotates with the rotation of the gear, The contact surfaces of the washer and the C-shaped retaining ring rotate relative to each other while in contact with each other as a whole. Therefore, when the gear rotates, relative rotation with the washer may cause the C-shaped retaining ring to open and come off or be thermally deformed, and the detached part may cause a failure.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a gear device capable of preventing occurrence of a defect due to detachment of a retaining member, seizure or the like with rotation of a gear.
- a gear device includes a gear having an opening at a central portion, a substantially cylindrical pin, a substantially annular plate member, a retaining portion, and an abutting portion.
- the substantially cylindrical pin is inserted along the opening of the gear and serves as the rotation center of the gear.
- the substantially annular plate member is mounted along the outer peripheral surface of the pin in a state of being mounted on the end face of the gear.
- the retaining portion is provided near the upper end of the pin so as to sandwich the plate member with the end face of the gear. In the contact portion, surfaces in which the retaining portion and the plate member face each other in the axial direction of the pin contact in an annular shape at a position near the outer peripheral surface of the pin.
- the opposing surfaces contact only a part of the whole Is configured.
- the gear device having such a configuration when the gear rotates, the plate member rotates with the gear to slide between the retaining portion and the plate member, so that the retaining portion is removed, or sliding heat is generated. May cause problems such as deformation or burn-in.
- the opposing surface means a surface on which the plate member set on the end face of the gear and the retaining portion mounted on the upper end of the pin face each other.
- the gear device in order to reduce the area of the contact portion between the plate member and the retaining portion, a configuration is adopted in which the radial inner portion of the opposing surface is in contact. .
- the rotational moment applied to the retaining portion during rotation of the gear is reduced as compared with the conventional configuration in which the entire opposing surfaces are in contact with each other and the rotational moment applied to the retaining portion is reduced.
- the occurrence of defects such as burn-in can be prevented.
- a gear device is the gear device according to the first aspect, wherein one of the opposing surfaces with which the plate member and the retaining portion abut each other has an inclined surface inclined with respect to the other.
- one surface has a tapered inclined surface which is inclined with respect to the other surface.
- a gear device is the gear device according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the inclined surface is formed on the opposing surface on the retaining portion side.
- the inclined surface disposed on one of the opposing surfaces of the plate member and the retaining portion is provided on the opposing surface on the retaining portion side.
- a gear device is the gear device according to the second aspect, wherein the inclined surface is formed on an opposing surface on the plate member side, and inclined downward from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. ing.
- the inclined surface disposed on one of the opposing surfaces of the plate member and the retaining portion is provided on the opposing surface on the plate member side. And this inclined surface is formed so that it may incline downward toward the outside from the inner side in radial direction.
- the load applied to the retaining portion can be reduced, and the occurrence of defects such as detachment and deformation can be prevented.
- a gear device is the gear device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein at least one of the opposing surfaces with which the plate member and the retaining portion abut each other has a convex portion.
- the opposing surface of the plate member and the retaining portion abuts via the convex portion.
- a gear device is the gear device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein oil is present on at least one of the opposing surfaces on which the plate member and the retaining portion abut each other.
- the recessed part which accumulates is formed.
- a recess or a groove-like recess is formed in a portion in contact with each other on the opposing surface of the plate member and the retaining portion.
- the recess may be formed in either or both of the plate member and the retaining portion.
- a gear device is the gear device according to the sixth aspect, wherein the recess is at least one of a grid, a turning groove, and a shot peening mark formed during grinding.
- the concave portion formed on the surface facing the plate member in the retaining portion a grid formed during grinding, a turning groove formed during turning, a processing mark of shot peening, or the like is used.
- a gap for holding the oil can be provided on the contact surface between the plate member and the retaining portion, and the lubricity can be improved.
- a gear device is the gear device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the retaining portion is integrally formed so as to protrude radially outward at the upper portion of the pin. Flange part.
- a pin integrated flange portion that protrudes radially outward at the upper portion of the pin is used as the retaining portion.
- a gear device is the gear device according to any one of the first through seventh aspects, wherein the retaining portion is a ring member mounted on the upper portion of the pin using elastic deformation. It is.
- a ring member mounted on a pin using elastic deformation such as a C-shaped retaining ring is used as the retaining portion.
- the area of the contact portion at the time of relative rotation between the retaining portion and the plate member is reduced, thereby disengaging the ring member. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of problems such as thermal deformation.
- a gear device is the gear device according to the eighth aspect, wherein the pin has a heat treatment hardened layer in a region including a portion of the surface opposite to the plate member in the flange portion.
- the heat treatment hardened layer is provided in the region including the surface facing the plate member in the flange portion of the pin.
- the heat treatment hardened layer includes a hardened layer treated by high frequency heating, carburizing, carbonitriding or the like. Thereby, the surface strength in the contact part with a plate member can be improved.
- a gear device is the gear device according to the tenth aspect of the present invention, wherein the plate member has a hardened layer different from the flange portion on the opposite surface in contact with the flange portion.
- a hardened layer having a different surface treatment from the flange is provided.
- a hardened layer on the side of the plate member a hardened layer to which salt bath nitriding, gas nitrocarburizing treatment and the like have been applied can be considered.
- the contact surfaces are in close contact with each other, and it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a defect such as adhesion of the close contact portions when the gear rotates.
- a gear device includes a gear having an opening at a central portion, a substantially cylindrical pin, a substantially annular plate member, and a recess.
- the substantially cylindrical pin is inserted along the opening of the gear, has a center of rotation of the gear, and has a flange portion projecting radially outward at the upper end.
- the substantially annular plate member is mounted along the outer peripheral surface of the pin in a state of being mounted on the end face of the gear, and is fixed by the flange portion.
- the recess is formed on the surface of the flange portion facing the plate member.
- a recess or a groove-like recess is formed in the contact portion between the plate member mounted for fixing the gear to the upper end portion of the pin serving as the rotation shaft of the gear and the retaining portion.
- the recess may be formed in either or both of the plate member and the retaining portion.
- any one of a square, a turning groove, and a shot peening mark formed at the time of grinding can be used, for example.
- a gap for holding the oil can be provided on the surface where the plate member and the retaining portion abut each other.
- the presence of the oil held in the recess can improve the lubricity of the contact surfaces with each other.
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a planetary gear mechanism in the swing motor of FIG. 2; (A), (b) is the side view which shows the structure of the pin contained in the planetary gear mechanism of FIG. 3, and the top view seen from the arrow direction in the figure.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a configuration for retaining the pin upper end portion included in the planetary gear mechanism of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view showing a positional relationship between a flange portion at an upper end portion of a pin in the planetary gear mechanism of FIG. 3 and a plate member.
- the gear device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
- the hydraulic shovel 1 according to the present embodiment is, as shown in FIG. 1, a lower traveling body 2, a swivel base 3, a work machine 4, a counterweight 5, a vehicle body portion 6, an equipment room 9, and a cab 10. And have.
- the lower traveling body 2 rotates the crawler belt P wound around both left and right end portions in the traveling direction to move the hydraulic shovel 1 forward and backward, and mounts the swivel base 3 on the upper surface side in a rotatable state.
- the swivel base 3 can be swiveled in any direction on the lower traveling body 2 by a swivel motor 20 described later, and the work implement 4, the counterweight 5, the car body portion 6 and the cab 10 are mounted on the upper surface ing.
- the work implement 4 is configured to include a boom 11, an arm 12 attached to the tip of the boom 11, and a bucket 13 attached to the tip of the arm 12. Then, the work machine 4 moves the boom 11, the arm 12, the bucket 13 and the like up and down by the hydraulic cylinders 11a, 12a, 13a and the like included in the hydraulic circuit (not shown), etc. Do drilling work.
- the counterweight 5 is, for example, a solid steel box and formed into a box into which scrap iron, concrete and the like are put and solidified, and the carbody portion 6 on the swivel base 3 to balance the carbody at the time of mining etc.
- the vehicle body portion 6 is disposed at a position adjacent to the counterweight 5 and has an upper opening for inspection covered by the openable and closable engine hood 14.
- an engine and a cooling core (not shown), which are power sources for driving the lower traveling body 2 and the work machine 4, and a turning motor 20 described later are accommodated.
- the equipment chamber 9 is disposed at the rear of the work machine 4 and accommodates a fuel tank, a hydraulic oil tank, an operation valve, and the like (not shown).
- the cab 10 has an indoor space on which the operator of the hydraulic excavator 1 gets on and off, and is disposed on the left front side of the workbench 4 on the side of the workbench 4 so as to look through the tip of the work implement 4 ing.
- the swing motor 20 is mounted inside the vehicle body portion 6 on the lower traveling body 2 and swings the above-described swing base 3 in a desired direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the turning motor 20 is connected to the fuel supply pipe 24, and the lower traveling body 2 is rotated by rotating a pinion gear (not shown) via the reduction gear 21 and the turning shaft 22. The swivel base 3 is pivoted on the top. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the swing motor 20 mounts the planetary gear mechanism 30 in the reduction gear 21. The planetary gear mechanism 30 will be described in detail later.
- the planetary gear mechanism (gear unit) 30 includes a planetary gear (gear) 31, a pin 32, a flange portion (retaining portion) 33, a plate member 34, a carrier 35, and a sun gear. 36 and a bearing portion 37.
- a pin 32 is inserted through an opening formed at the center, and rotates around the pin 32 as a rotation center.
- a plurality of planet gears 31 are provided centering on the sun gear 36.
- the plurality of planet gears 31 are rotatably connected to one another via a carrier 35, and revolve around the sun gear 36 and rotate around the pin 32.
- the pin 32 is a substantially cylindrical member, and has a through hole 32a through which oil communicates.
- the pin 32 is subjected to surface treatment processing in a region including the contact surface 33 a in the flange portion 33 described later, and is press-fit into the opening hole of the carrier 35.
- the surface treatment applied to the pins 32 forms a heat treatment hardened layer by high frequency heating or a hardened layer by carbonitriding treatment.
- a coil may be arrange
- the planetary gear 31 is loaded on the outer peripheral surface of the pin 32 via the bearing portion 37 and the bearing retainer 38.
- the flange portion 33 is a bowl-shaped member provided integrally with the pin 32 at the upper end portion of the pin 32, as shown in FIG. 4A, and protrudes outward in the radial direction to make a large diameter portion Configure. Further, the flange portion 33 has an abutting surface 33 a that abuts on the plate member 34 in a state where the pin 32 is inserted into the planetary gear 31.
- the contact surface 33 a is a surface substantially perpendicular to the insertion direction of the pin 32 formed in the portion where the flange portion 33 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the pin 32. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4B, the contact surface 33a is provided with a recess 33aa for facilitating the accumulation of oil.
- the recess 33 aa for example, a trace of marks formed in polishing the outer periphery of the pin 32, a concentric or spiral turning groove, a trace of processing by shot peening, or the like is used.
- the oil in the recessed portion 33aa By holding the oil in the recessed portion 33aa, the lubricity between the contact surface 33a on the flange portion 33 side and the surface of the tapered portion 34a on the plate member 34 side can be improved.
- the plate member 34 is an annular member having a substantially L-shaped cross section as shown in FIGS. 5, 6A and 6B, and is mounted on the side surface of the planetary gear 31. In the state, it is held by the contact surface 33 a of the flange portion 33 integrally formed on the pin 32.
- the plate member 34 has an annular tapered portion (inclined surface) 34 a that is in contact with the contact surface 33 a of the flange portion 33.
- the inclined surface of the tapered portion 34a is formed to be inclined downward from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. For this reason, the contact surface 33a on the side of the flange portion 33 and the surface of the tapered portion 34a on the side of the plate member 34 abut each other in an inclined state.
- the contact parts of the two members come in contact with each other in the state where there is an inclination angle ⁇ .
- the abutment surface 33 a of the flange portion 33 abuts in an annular shape only at the innermost side in the radial direction with respect to the tapered portion 34 a of the plate member 34. That is, the flange portion 33 and the plate member 34 abut on only a part (abutment portion) of the surfaces facing each other.
- the plate member 34 rotates with the rotation of the planetary gear 31
- the rotational friction force and the rotational moment applied to the contact portion between the pin 32 and the integrally formed flange portion 33 are minimized. It can be limited. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a problem such as rotation lock of the planetary gear 31 due to thermal deformation of the flange portion 33 as the retaining portion or removal by rotation.
- the surface of the tapered portion 34a of the plate member 34 is subjected to a surface treatment different from the surface treatment applied to the area including the contact surface 33a of the flange portion 33 integrally formed with the above-described pin 32.
- a surface treatment different from the surface treatment applied to the area including the contact surface 33a of the flange portion 33 integrally formed with the above-described pin 32 There is. Specifically, when a heat treatment hardened layer by high frequency heating or a hardened layer by carbonitriding is formed on the contact surface 33a side of the flange portion 33, salt bath nitriding treatment is performed on the tapered portion 34a side. A layer or a gas soft nitrided layer may be formed. Thereby, the occurrence of adhesion can be avoided between the surfaces in contact with each other, and the lubricity can be improved.
- the carrier 35 is a substantially disk-like member, and rotatably supports each of the plurality of planet gears 31 in a rotatable state.
- the sun gear 36 is provided at the center of the plurality of planet gears 31 and meshes with each planet gear 31.
- the above-described assembly of the planetary gear mechanism 30 is performed in the following procedure. First, after the above-described high frequency heating or carbonitriding treatment is performed on the turned pin 32, the outer peripheral polishing treatment is performed. Next, the plurality of planet gears 31 and the plate member 34 are set on the carrier 35. Next, the carrier 35 is formed on the carrier 35 while inserting the pins 32 integrally formed with the flanges 33 into the central openings of the plurality of planet gears 31, the plate member 34 and the bearing 37 set on the carrier 35. The pin 32 is press-fitted and fixed to the opening.
- the planetary gear mechanism 30 has a planetary gear 31, a substantially cylindrical pin 32, a flange portion 33 integrally formed on an upper end portion of the pin 32, and a substantially annular shape.
- the plate member 34 of The flange portion 33 is formed so as to protrude radially outward from the upper end portion of the pin 32, and a part of the flange portion 33 abuts on the radially inner side of the plate member 34.
- the plate member 34 is fixed by the flange portion 33 in a state where the pin 32 is inserted and mounted on the side surface of the planetary gear 31.
- the opposing surfaces of the contact portions between the flange portion 33 and the plate member 34 mounted for fixing the planetary gear 31 to the upper end portion of the pin 32 serving as the rotation shaft of the planetary gear 31 are in the radial direction It is possible to make contact only in part of the whole inside. Therefore, as compared with the conventional configuration in which the entire opposing surfaces are in contact with each other, the rotational force and the rotational moment associated with the rotation of the planetary gear 31 are reduced to avoid the occurrence of defects such as burn-in and thermal deformation. Thus, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a lock or the like of the planetary gear mechanism 30.
- a retaining ring 133, a C-shaped retaining ring or the like mounted on the upper end portion of the substantially cylindrical pin 132 without a flange portion using elastic deformation is a retaining portion You may use.
- the pin 132 is press-fitted and fixed to the carrier 35.
- the planetary gear 31 and the plate member 34 are loaded in this order on the pin 132 press-fitted and fixed to the carrier 35.
- the retaining ring 133 is attached near the upper end of the pin 132.
- a convex portion 234 a that protrudes with respect to the contact surface 33 a of the flange portion 33 is formed on the inner peripheral side on the plate member 234 side.
- the contact area between the facing surfaces of the flange portion 33 (the retaining portion) may be reduced.
- the projection may be provided on either or both of the plate member and the retaining portion.
- the contact surface may be a flat surface or a curved surface.
- the contact surface on the plate member 34 side is in contact with the flange portion 33 side in order to reduce the area of the contact portion between the plate member 34 and the flange portion 33 (retaining portion) as compared to the prior art.
- the example which provided the taper-shaped inclined surface (taper part 34a) made to incline with respect to the surface was mentioned and demonstrated.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the contact surface on the flange portion side may be inclined to make the contact area with the contact surface on the plate member side smaller than in the prior art.
- salt bath nitriding or gas soft nitriding is a treatment different from the surface treatment (high frequency treatment or carbonitriding treatment) applied to the surface of the plate member 34 on the side of the flange portion 33 of the pin 32.
- surface treatment high frequency treatment or carbonitriding treatment
- the present invention may be applied to a gear device mounted on a speed increaser or the like.
- the gear device of the present invention has the effect of being able to prevent the occurrence of a problem caused by the removal of the retaining member due to the rotation of the gear, the thermal deformation, etc.
- the present invention is widely applicable to gear devices mounted on the vehicle.
Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1には、潤滑油中に浸漬された遊星歯車機構を備えた減速機の構成が開示されている。この遊星歯車機構では、それぞれの遊星歯車が軸受部を介して遊星軸(ピン)の外周面に沿って装填され、遊星軸の上端部分にワッシャー(プレート部材)とこれを固定するC型止め輪(抜け止め部)とを装着して、遊星歯車を遊星軸に固定している。
すなわち、上記公報に開示された遊星歯車機構では、遊星歯車をワッシャーとC型止め輪とを用いて遊星軸に固定しているが、歯車の回転に伴ってワッシャーが連れ回りした場合には、ワッシャーとC型止め輪との当接面が全体で互いに接触しながら相対的に回転する。よって、歯車の回転時には、ワッシャーとの相対回転によって、C型止め輪が開いて外れたり、熱変形したりして、外れた部品が不具合を発生させるおそれがある。
本発明の課題は、歯車の回転に伴って抜け止め部材の外れ、焼きつき等による不具合の発生を防止することが可能な歯車装置を提供することにある。
ここで、このような構成の歯車装置では、歯車が回転する際にプレート部材が歯車に連れ回りして、抜け止め部-プレート部材間において摺動して抜け止め部が外れたり、摺動熱によって変形したり、焼きついたりする等の不具合が生じるおそれがある。なお、上記対向面とは、歯車の端面上にセットされたプレート部材と、ピンの上端部に装着された抜け止め部とが互いに対向する面を意味している。
これにより、互いの対向面全体が接触した状態で回転する従来の構成と比較して、歯車の回転時に抜け止め部に対して付与される回転モーメントが低減され、抜け止め部の外れや熱変形、焼きつき等の不具合の発生を防止することができる。この結果、抜け止め部によって保持されたプレート部材の脱落による歯車装置のロック等の問題を解消しつつ、潤滑性を向上させることができる。
ここでは、歯車を固定するプレート部材と抜け止め部材との当接部分の形状に関して、一方の面が他方の面に対して傾斜するテーパ状の傾斜面を有している。
これにより、互いの対向面は面全体で当接するのではなく、一部だけで接触する状態とすることができる。よって、プレート部材が歯車と連れ回りする際に、プレート部材と抜け止め部との相対的な回転による抜け止め部にかかる回転力を小さくして、抜け止め部の外れや変形等を防止することができる。
ここでは、プレート部材と抜け止め部との対向面の一方に配置される傾斜面が、抜け止め部側の対向面に設けられている。
これにより、抜け止め部とプレート部材とが当接する面積を対向面全体から減らすことで、抜け止め部にかかる負荷を低減して、外れや変形等の不具合の発生を防止することができる。
ここでは、プレート部材と抜け止め部との対向面の一方に配置される傾斜面が、プレート部材側の対向面に設けられている。そして、この傾斜面は、径方向における内側から外側に向かって下方傾斜するように形成されている。
ここでは、プレート部材と抜け止め部との対向面が、凸部を介して当接している。
これにより、抜け止め部とプレート部材とが当接する面積を対向面全体から減らすことで、抜け止め部にかかる負荷を低減して、外れや変形等の不具合の発生を防止することができる。
ここでは、プレート部材と抜け止め部との対向面における互いに当接する部分に、例えば、凹みや溝状の凹部が形成されている。
ここで、上記凹部は、プレート部材および抜け止め部のいずれか一方、あるいは双方に形成されていてもよい。
これにより、プレート部材と抜け止め部とが互いに当接する面における潤滑性を向上させることができる。
ここでは、抜け止め部におけるプレート部材に対する対向面に形成される凹部として、研削時に形成される綾目、旋削時に形成される旋削溝、ショットピーニングの加工痕等、あるいはこれらの組合せが用いられる。
これにより、プレート部材と抜け止め部との当接面にオイルが保持される隙間を設けることができ、潤滑性を向上させることができる。
これにより、歯車の回転に伴ってプレート部材が連れ回りした場合でも、抜け止め部が外れたり熱変形したりする不具合の発生を、さらに効果的に防止することができる。
ここでは、抜け止め部として、C型止め輪等のような弾性変形を利用してピンに対して装着されるリング部材を用いている。
これにより、抜け止め部として、このような一般的なリング部材を用いた場合でも、抜け止め部とプレート部材との間の相対回転時における当接部分の面積を減らすことで、リング部材の外れ、熱変形等の不具合の発生を防止することができる。
ここでは、ピンのフランジ部におけるプレート部材との対向面を含む領域に、熱処理硬化層を設けている。
ここで、上記熱処理硬化層には、高周波加熱、浸炭、浸炭浸窒等によって処理された硬化層が含まれる。
これにより、プレート部材との当接部分における表面強度を向上させることができる。
ここでは、プレート部材における、例えば、高周波加熱や浸炭処理によって表面硬化層が形成されたフランジ部との対向面に、フランジ部側とは異質の表面処理が施された硬化層を設けている。
ここで、上記プレート部材側の硬化層としては、塩浴窒化、ガス軟窒化処理等が施された硬化層が考えられる。これにより、互いに当接する部分において、当接面同士が密着して、歯車の回転時に密着部分が凝着する等の不具合の発生を防止することができる。
ここで、上記凹部は、プレート部材および抜け止め部のいずれか一方、あるいは双方に形成されていてもよい。また、この凹部としては、例えば、研削時に形成される綾目、旋削溝、ショットピーニング痕のいずれか1つを用いることができる。
[油圧ショベル1全体の構成]
本実施形態に係る油圧ショベル1は、図1に示すように、下部走行体2と、旋回台3と、作業機4と、カウンタウェイト5と、車体部6と、機器室9と、キャブ10と、を備えている。
旋回台3は、後述する旋回モータ20によって下部走行体2上において任意の方向に旋回可能であって、上面に作業機4と、カウンタウェイト5と、車体部6と、キャブ10とを搭載している。
車体部6は、図1に示すように、カウンタウェイト5に隣接する位置に配置されており、開閉可能なエンジンフード14によって覆われた点検用の上部開口を有している。そして、車体部6の内部には、下部走行体2や作業機4を駆動するための動力源である図示しないエンジンやクーリングコア、後述する旋回モータ20等が収容されている。
キャブ10は、油圧ショベル1のオペレータが乗降する室内空間を有しており、作業機4の先端部を見通せるように、旋回台3上における作業機4の側方となる左側前部に配置されている。
旋回モータ20は、車体部6の内部であって下部走行体2上に搭載されており、上述した旋回台3を所望の方向へ旋回させる。また、旋回モータ20は、図2に示すように、給油管24が接続されており、減速機21、旋回軸22を介してピニオンギア(図示せず)を回転させることで、下部走行体2上において旋回台3を旋回させる。
また、旋回モータ20は、図2に示すように、減速機21内に遊星歯車機構30を搭載している。なお、この遊星歯車機構30については、後段にて詳述する。
遊星歯車機構(歯車装置)30は、図3に示すように、遊星歯車(歯車)31と、ピン32と、フランジ部(抜け止め部)33と、プレート部材34と、キャリア35と、太陽歯車36と、軸受部37と、を有している。
太陽歯車36は、複数の遊星歯車31の中心部に設けられており、それぞれの遊星歯車31に対して噛み合っている。
本実施形態では、上述した遊星歯車機構30の組立てを、以下のような手順で行う。
まず、旋削加工されたピン32に対して、上述した高周波過熱または浸炭浸窒処理を行った後、外周研磨処理を行う。
次に、キャリア35上に、複数の遊星歯車31、プレート部材34をセットする。
次に、キャリア35上にセットされた複数の遊星歯車31、プレート部材34および軸受部37の中央開口部に、フランジ部33が一体成形されたピン32を挿通させながら、キャリア35に形成された開口に対してピン32を圧入固定する。
本実施形態の遊星歯車機構30は、図5に示すように、遊星歯車31と、略円筒状のピン32と、ピン32の上端部に一体的に成形されたフランジ部33と、略円環状のプレート部材34と、を備えている。フランジ部33は、ピン32の上端部から径方向外側に向かって突出するように形成されており、プレート部材34における径方向内側において一部が当接する。プレート部材34は、ピン32が挿通され、遊星歯車31の側面上に載置された状態でフランジ部33によって固定される。
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。
(A)
上記実施形態では、本発明に係る抜け止め部として、ピン32の上端部にピン32と一体的に設けられたフランジ部33を用いた例を挙げて説明した。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
この場合には、組立て工程としては、まず、キャリア35に対してピン132を圧入して固定する。
次に、プレート部材34を固定するために、ピン132の上端部付近に止め輪133を装着する。
これにより、遊星歯車31の回転に伴ってプレート部材34が連れ回りした場合でも、プレート部材34側のテーパ部34aが傾斜角度θで止め輪133の当接面に対して傾いているため、止め輪133に対して付与されるプレート部材34の回転力、回転モーメントを、従来よりも小さくすることができる。よって、止め輪133の外れ、熱変形等の不具合の発生を防止できるという、上記実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができる。
上記実施形態では、プレート部材34とフランジ部33(抜け止め部)との間における当接部分の面積を従来よりも減らすために、当接面の一方(プレート部材34側のテーパ部34a)を他方に対して傾斜させてテーパ状の傾斜面を設けた例を挙げて説明した。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
なお、この凸部は、プレート部材、抜け止め部のいずれか一方、あるいは双方に設けられていればよい。また、凸部は、当接面が平面であってもよいし、曲面であってもよい。
上記実施形態では、プレート部材34とフランジ部33(抜け止め部)との間における当接部分の面積を従来よりも減らすために、プレート部材34側の当接面をフランジ部33側の当接面に対して傾斜させたテーパ状の傾斜面(テーパ部34a)を設けた例を挙げて説明した。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
例えば、反対に、フランジ部側の当接面を傾斜させて、プレート部材側の当接面との当接面積を従来よりも小さくしてもよい。
上記実施形態では、ピン32に一体成形されたフランジ部33側の当接面33aの表面に、凹部33aaを形成してオイル溜まり部分を設けた例を挙げて説明した。
しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
例えば、フランジ部側の当接面に対向するプレート部材側の面に対して、オイル溜まり用の凹部を設けてもよい。あるいは、フランジ部側、プレート部材側の双方の当接面に対してオイル溜まり用の凹部を設けてもよい。
上記実施形態では、ピン32の表面における所定の領域に、高周波処理または浸炭浸窒処理を施して表面強度を高めた例を挙げて説明した。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
例えば、ピンの表面に施される表面処理としては、浸炭処理等の他の処理が採用されてもよい。
上記実施形態では、プレート部材34側の表面に、ピン32のフランジ部33側に施された表面処理(高周波処理または浸炭浸窒処理)とは異なる処理である塩浴窒化処理、あるいはガス軟窒化処理を施して表面強度を高めた例を挙げて説明した。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
ただし、上記実施形態でも説明したように、互いに当接するピン32(フランジ部33)側とプレート部材34との間の潤滑性を向上させる面では、互いの当接面には異質の表面処理が施されていることが望ましい。
上記実施形態では、減速機21に搭載された遊星歯車機構30に含まれる歯車装置に対して、本発明を適用した例を挙げて説明した。しかし、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
例えば、本発明の歯車装置は、遊星歯車機構以外の歯車装置に適用されてもよい。
2 下部走行体
3 旋回台
4 作業機
5 カウンタウェイト
6 車体部
9 機器室
10 キャブ
11 ブーム
11a 油圧シリンダ
12 アーム
12a 油圧シリンダ
13 バケット
13a 油圧シリンダ
14 エンジンフード
20 旋回モータ
21 減速機
22 旋回軸
24 給油管
30 遊星歯車機構(歯車装置)
31 遊星歯車(歯車)
32 ピン
32a 貫通孔
33 フランジ部(抜け止め部)
33a 当接面
33aa 凹部
34 プレート部材
34a テーパ部(傾斜面)
35 キャリア
36 太陽歯車
37 軸受部
38 ベアリング保持器
132 ピン
133 止め輪(抜け止め部)
234 プレート部材
234a 凸部
Claims (12)
- 中心部分に開口を有する歯車と、
前記歯車の前記開口に沿って挿入され、前記歯車の回転中心となる略円筒状のピンと、
前記歯車の端面上に載置された状態で前記ピンの外周面に沿って装着される略円環状のプレート部材と、
前記歯車の端面との間に前記プレート部材を挟み込むように、前記ピンの上端部付近に設けられている抜け止め部と、
前記抜け止め部と前記プレート部材とが前記ピンの軸方向において互いに対向する面同士が前記ピンの外周面寄りの位置において円環状に当接する当接部と、
を備えている歯車装置。 - 前記プレート部材と前記抜け止め部とが互いに当接する対向面の一方が他方に対して傾斜する傾斜面を有している、
請求項1に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記傾斜面は、前記抜け止め部側の対向面に形成されている、
請求項2に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記傾斜面は、前記プレート部材側の対向面に形成されており、径方向における内側から外側に向かって下方傾斜している、
請求項2に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記プレート部材と前記抜け止め部とが互いに当接する対向面の少なくとも一方が凸部を有している、
請求項1に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記プレート部材と前記抜け止め部とが互いに当接する対向面の少なくとも一方にはオイルが溜まる凹部が形成されている、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記凹部は、研削時に形成される綾目、施削溝、ショットピーニング痕の少なくともいずれか1つである、
請求項6に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記抜け止め部は、前記ピンの上部において径方向外側に突出するように一体成形されたフランジ部である、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記抜け止め部は、前記ピンの上部に弾性変形を利用して装着されるリング部材である、
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記ピンは、前記フランジ部における前記プレート部材との対向面の部分を含む領域に、熱処理硬化層を有している、
請求項8に記載の歯車装置。 - 前記プレート部材は、前記フランジ部と当接する対向面に、前記フランジ部とは異質の硬化層を有している、
請求項10に記載の歯車装置。 - 中心部分に開口を有する歯車と、
前記歯車の前記開口に沿って挿入され、前記歯車の回転中心となるとともに、上端部に径方向外側に向かって突出するフランジ部を有する略円筒状のピンと、
前記歯車の端面上に載置された状態で前記ピンの外周面に沿って装着され、前記フランジ部によって固定される略円環状のプレート部材と、
前記フランジ部における前記プレート部材との対向面に形成された凹部と、
を備えている歯車装置。
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DE112010001975T DE112010001975T5 (de) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-05-10 | Zahnradvorrichtung |
KR1020117026964A KR101340399B1 (ko) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-05-10 | 기어 장치 |
CN201080020870.5A CN102422053B (zh) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-05-10 | 齿轮装置 |
US13/319,714 US8904896B2 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-05-10 | Gear device |
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JP2009116790A JP5466424B2 (ja) | 2009-05-13 | 2009-05-13 | 歯車装置 |
JP2009-116790 | 2009-05-13 |
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US (1) | US8904896B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5466424B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101340399B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102422053B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112010001975T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010131617A1 (ja) |
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JP2001065569A (ja) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-03-16 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 動圧流体軸受 |
JP2004340330A (ja) * | 2003-05-19 | 2004-12-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | 摺動部材およびその製造方法 |
JP2009079627A (ja) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-16 | Komatsu Ltd | 減速機 |
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DE102012216001A1 (de) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-13 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Stift zum Führen eines Zahnrads und Planetengetriebe |
DE102012216001B4 (de) * | 2012-09-10 | 2015-06-18 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Stift zum Führen eines Zahnrads und Planetengetriebe |
US9194479B2 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2015-11-24 | Aktiebolaget Skf | Pin for guiding a gear wheel, and planetary transmission containing the same |
CN103307254A (zh) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-09-18 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | 重载齿轮用干摩擦阻尼减振套筒 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101340399B1 (ko) | 2013-12-11 |
US20120085192A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
US8904896B2 (en) | 2014-12-09 |
DE112010001975T5 (de) | 2012-12-20 |
JP2010265965A (ja) | 2010-11-25 |
CN102422053A (zh) | 2012-04-18 |
CN102422053B (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
KR20120018317A (ko) | 2012-03-02 |
JP5466424B2 (ja) | 2014-04-09 |
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