WO2010116719A1 - 真空断熱材とそれを備える機器 - Google Patents

真空断熱材とそれを備える機器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010116719A1
WO2010116719A1 PCT/JP2010/002503 JP2010002503W WO2010116719A1 WO 2010116719 A1 WO2010116719 A1 WO 2010116719A1 JP 2010002503 W JP2010002503 W JP 2010002503W WO 2010116719 A1 WO2010116719 A1 WO 2010116719A1
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Prior art keywords
heat insulating
insulating material
vacuum heat
outer packaging
core material
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PCT/JP2010/002503
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
大堀進一
内田武
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シャープ株式会社
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Priority to CN2010800154480A priority Critical patent/CN102388253B/zh
Priority to DE112010001540.6T priority patent/DE112010001540B4/de
Publication of WO2010116719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010116719A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/04—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by at least one layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer ; characterised by at least one layer enveloping or enclosing a material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/05—Interconnection of layers the layers not being connected over the whole surface, e.g. discontinuous connection or patterned connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2509/00—Household appliances
    • B32B2509/10—Refrigerators or refrigerating equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/14—Insulation with respect to heat using subatmospheric pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum heat insulating material and a device provided with the same.
  • Refrigerator, cold box, heat box, etc. used for heating, cooling, and holding various foods, and dryers that blow dry air by blowing warm air on the object to be dried
  • heat insulating materials having various structures and performances have been used.
  • vacuum heat insulating materials are excellent in heat insulating performance, and are widely used in devices such as household refrigerators that require heat insulation.
  • a vacuum heat insulating material is generally obtained by filling a core material made of an inorganic material into an outer packaging material, sealing the outer packaging material, and maintaining the inside of the outer packaging material in a reduced pressure state.
  • the core material of such a vacuum heat insulating material is formed using glass wool made of glass fibers manufactured by a flame method or a centrifugal method among inorganic materials.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-265038 uses, as a core material, a laminate of a plurality of inorganic fiber sheets obtained by wet-making glass wool made of glass fibers as inorganic fibers.
  • the shot content ratio of the particle diameter of 30 ⁇ m or more in the inorganic fiber is 0.1% by mass or less, the average fiber diameter in the inorganic fiber is 0.2 to 6 ⁇ m, and the inorganic fiber is horizontal to the sheet surface. Arranged in the direction.
  • Patent Document 2 a core material made of glass wool made of glass fiber as an inorganic fiber laminated material is sealed under reduced pressure in a jacket material.
  • the density of the core material in the vacuum heat insulating material is 200 to 270 kg / m 3
  • the core material after opening the outer cover material contains 75% or more of glass fibers having a fiber length of 100 ⁇ m or more.
  • a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) film may be used as a thermal welding layer in which the outer packaging materials are brought into contact with each other and thermally welded.
  • LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
  • LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
  • a two-layer stretched nylon film is used as an outer packaging material in order to reduce the occurrence of pinholes.
  • a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) film is used for the heat-welded layer.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing a distribution state of glass fibers in glass wool that has been conventionally used as a core material of a vacuum heat insulating material.
  • FIG. 13 is a planar electron micrograph (magnification 100 times) showing a distribution state before compression of glass fibers in glass wool, which has been conventionally used as a core material of a vacuum heat insulating material, and
  • FIG. 14 shows a similar distribution state. It is an electron micrograph (magnification 100 times) of a section.
  • the glass wool 800 As shown in FIG. 12, in the glass wool 800, it can be seen that a large number of glass fibers 810 having various fiber lengths extend in various directions and are randomly distributed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in glass wool manufactured by a flame method or a centrifugal method, a short fiber having a fiber length of 1 mm or less or a fine fiber having a fiber diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less with respect to the main fiber. It is in a state in which various fibers are mixed. Such short fibers and fine fibers are filled between the main fibers or entangled between the main fibers, and heat conduction occurs between the fibers, along the thickness direction of the core material. It is considered that the heat insulation performance is lowered by causing heat conduction. Moreover, in such glass wool, it turns out that the main fiber also includes many fibers that are bent or twisted.
  • the glass wool is configured in this way, as described in JP-A-2005-265038 (Patent Document 1), when forming a sheet by wet papermaking, the glass fiber is oriented in a horizontal direction with respect to the sheet surface. It is very difficult to align most of the glass fibers even if they are arranged in the same manner.
  • Patent Document 2 a core material containing 75% or more of glass fibers having a fiber length of 100 ⁇ m or more is used, and the density of the core material is 200 to 270 kg / m 3. Even if the glass wool is pressed so that it is difficult to align most glass fibers.
  • the heat conductivity of the obtained vacuum heat insulating material is about 2 mW / m ⁇ K, and the improvement of the heat insulating performance of the vacuum heat insulating material is limited by the conventional improvement method.
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-36749
  • Patent Document 4 the vacuum heat insulating material described in Japanese Patent No. 3482408
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum heat insulating material that can exceed the improvement limit of the conventional heat insulating performance and has excellent heat insulating performance, and a device including the same.
  • the present inventors As a result of intensive studies in order to solve the problems of the conventional vacuum heat insulating material, the present inventors, as a result, when the heat-welded portion of the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating material is formed of a material containing hydrocarbon, It has been found that the above-described object can be achieved by forming the heat-welded portion from a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when heat-welded. Based on this knowledge, the vacuum heat insulating material according to the present invention has the following characteristics.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material according to the present invention includes an outer packaging material and a core material accommodated in the outer packaging material, and the outer packaging material has a heat welding portion in which the outer packaging materials come into contact with each other and are thermally welded.
  • the heat-welded portion is formed of a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when heat-welded.
  • the present inventors have conducted various verification experiments, and when the heat-welded portion of the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating material is formed of a material containing hydrocarbon, when the heat-welded portion is heat-welded, It has been found that the heat insulation performance of the vacuum heat insulating material is adversely affected.
  • the heat-welded portion of the outer packaging material is heat-welded and sealed, so that hydrocarbon gas generated from the heat-welded portion during heat welding not only diffuses outside the vacuum heat-insulating material, but also the vacuum heat-insulating material. It also diffuses inside the outer packaging material.
  • the hydrocarbon gas diffused inside the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating material is sealed as it is inside the outer packaging material.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material is sealed by thermally welding the heat-sealed portion of the outer packaging material under a reduced pressure condition, so that when the hydrocarbon gas is diffused inside the outer packaging material, the degree of vacuum inside the outer packaging material is reduced. Becomes lower.
  • the heat insulation of a vacuum heat insulating material falls by the vacuum degree inside an outer packaging material becoming low.
  • the heat-welded portion is formed of a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when heat-welded. By doing in this way, it can prevent that a vacuum degree falls with hydrocarbon gas.
  • linear low density polyethylene is an example of a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when thermally welded.
  • examples of a material that easily generates hydrocarbon gas when thermally welded include high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
  • the present inventors have applied a continuous filament method to the fibers constituting the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material. It was found that the above-described object can be achieved by including at least a plurality of inorganic fibers produced by the above method.
  • the continuous filament method is a fiber manufacturing method in which molten filaments are continuously drawn down through a bushing nozzle, drawn, and fiberized to produce continuous filaments. Based on this knowledge, the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material according to the present invention has the following characteristics.
  • the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material according to the present invention is a core material of a vacuum heat insulating material configured by laminating a plurality of nonwoven fabrics.
  • the nonwoven fabric includes at least a plurality of inorganic fibers produced by a continuous filament method. In the nonwoven fabric, most of the plurality of inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the continuous filament method a large number of fibers with extremely small variations in fiber diameter can be produced. Moreover, the inorganic fiber manufactured by the continuous filament method has very high straightness of each fiber. For this reason, by cutting a large number of inorganic fibers manufactured by the continuous filament method into a substantially constant length, a straightness of a large number of inorganic fibers having substantially the same length and having a very small variation in fiber diameter can be obtained. It can be obtained in a very high state.
  • the nonwoven fabric constituting the core material of the present invention includes at least a plurality of inorganic fibers produced by the continuous filament method, each inorganic fiber is formed into a nonwoven fabric when forming a nonwoven fabric using such a plurality of inorganic fibers.
  • a plurality of inorganic fibers can be easily aligned so that most of the inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric.
  • most of the plurality of inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric, but are in close contact with each other and do not align with the parallel direction, and are in a random direction within the plane forming the surface of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material according to the present invention includes an outer packaging material and a core material accommodated in the outer packaging material, and the outer packaging material is heat that is heat-welded by contacting the outer packaging materials with each other. It has a welding part.
  • the heat-welded portion is formed of a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when heat-welded.
  • a core material is a core material for vacuum heat insulating materials comprised by laminating
  • the nonwoven fabric includes at least a plurality of inorganic fibers produced by a continuous filament method. In the nonwoven fabric, most of the plurality of inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the average fiber diameter of the inorganic fibers is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less, and the average fiber length of the inorganic fibers is preferably 3 mm or more and 15 mm or less.
  • the heat conductivity of the core material can be reduced most, and a vacuum heat insulating material having the most excellent heat insulating performance can be obtained.
  • the inorganic fiber is preferably a glass fiber.
  • the glass fiber has a lower thermal conductivity than other inorganic fibers, for example, ceramic fibers, the heat insulating performance of the core material can be further improved by reducing the thermal conductivity of the material itself.
  • An apparatus includes an outer box, an inner box disposed inside the outer box, and a vacuum heat insulating material disposed between the outer box and the inner box. It is preferable that a vacuum heat insulating material is included.
  • a refrigerator efficiently cools food stored in the inner box.
  • the washing / drying machine efficiently blows warm air on an object to be dried such as clothes housed in the inner box and efficiently dries it.
  • a vacuum heat insulating material is disposed between the outer box and the inner box. If the heat insulation performance of the vacuum insulation material placed between the outer box and the inner box is excellent, the energy required to make the inside of the inner box lower or higher than the outside of the outer box will be reduced. Can save energy.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material disposed between the outer box and the inner box includes the above vacuum heat insulating material, it is possible to provide a device excellent in heat insulating performance and energy saving.
  • the thermal conductivity of a core material can be reduced by using the several inorganic fiber manufactured by the continuous filament method at least.
  • FIG. 1st Embodiment of this invention it is a perspective view showing typically an arrangement (A) of a core material and an outer packaging material, and a state (B) inside a vacuum heat insulating material when the inside of the outer packaging material is decompressed. .
  • It is a top view which shows typically the distribution state of the glass fiber which comprises the nonwoven fabric used for the core material of a vacuum heat insulating material as one embodiment of this invention.
  • It is a scanning electron micrograph (magnification 100 times) which shows the distribution state before compression of the glass fiber which comprises the nonwoven fabric used for the core material of a vacuum heat insulating material as one embodiment of this invention.
  • the front view (A) which shows the initial state of the vacuum heat insulating material used for Example 1, sectional drawing (B) when it sees from the direction shown by the BB line in (A) of FIG. 1, and the 2nd time They are a front view (C) which shows a state when performing the thermal welding, and a front view (D) which shows a state when performing the third thermal welding. It is a figure which shows the change of the heat conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating material by the length of a heat welding part. It is a top view which shows typically the distribution state of the glass fiber in the glass wool conventionally used as a core material of a vacuum heat insulating material.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a vacuum heat insulating material as a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1A shows a state before the inside of the outer packaging material is decompressed
  • FIG. 1B shows a state when the inside of the outer packaging material is decompressed.
  • the core material 100 is accommodated in the gas barrier outer packaging material 200 formed in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped bag.
  • the outer packaging material 200 is heat-welded on three of the four sides.
  • the remaining one-side heat welding part 300 is heat-welded in a reduced pressure state after filling the core material 100 as will be described later.
  • the core material 100 is formed by laminating a plurality of non-woven fabrics 110.
  • Each nonwoven fabric 110 is produced by a papermaking method using glass fibers which are examples of inorganic fibers and a small amount of an organic binder.
  • the binder it is possible to use an inorganic binder.
  • the flexibility of bending of the fiber assembly, that is, the nonwoven fabric 110 is inferior, and the cost when used as a product is lower than that of an organic binder. Since it becomes expensive compared with the case where it uses, it is preferable to use an organic binder.
  • the amount of binder should be kept as small as possible.
  • the outermost layer 210 is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin
  • the intermediate layer 220 is made of an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin having an aluminum vapor deposition layer
  • the innermost layer 230 is made of Gas barrier film using linear low density polyethylene resin (LLDPE)
  • nylon is used for outermost layer 210
  • two layers of aluminum vapor deposited PET resin and aluminum foil are used for intermediate layer 220
  • linear low density is used for innermost layer 230.
  • examples thereof include a gas barrier film using a polyethylene resin (LLDPE).
  • the heat welding part 300 is formed in a part of the innermost layer 230.
  • Linear low density polyethylene resin is an example of a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas during heat welding.
  • an adsorbent such as a gas adsorbent or a moisture adsorbent in the vacuum heat insulating material 1.
  • the core material 100 After filling the core material 100 into the outer packaging material 200, the core material 100 is accommodated in a vacuum chamber.
  • the outer packaging material 200 is thermally welded at the thermal welding portion 300.
  • the heat welding temperature is preferably 170 to 220 ° C. as the heat welding temperature for maintaining the seal strength.
  • a heat welding method a hot plate sealing method in which a heat plate is heated and conducted by a nichrome wire embedded in a hot plate made of brass or copper, and the heat welding portion 300 is overheated and sealed, or a heating element is used.
  • There is an impulse welding method in which a heat welding part 300 is directly heated and sealed by a certain nichrome wire (ribbon heater).
  • the heat welding part 300 may be welded by either method. Moreover, you may weld by another method.
  • the heat welding part 300 is heat welded, the outer packaging material 200 is sealed.
  • the core material 100 is compressed by the atmospheric pressure outside the outer packaging material 200, and the nonwoven fabrics 110 constituting the core material 100 are pressed against each other. Touch as you can.
  • the density of the core material 100 in a state where the inside of the outer packaging material 200 is decompressed is included in the range of 100 to 400 kg / m 3 .
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 is comprised as mentioned above, the nonwoven fabric 110 is laminated
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows an arrangement (A) of the core material and the outer packaging material and an internal state (B) of the vacuum heat insulating material when the pressure inside the outer packaging material is reduced as one embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view. Only a part of each nonwoven fabric, core material, and outer packaging material is shown.
  • a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 110 are laminated to form the core material 100.
  • the core material 100 is covered with an outer packaging material 200.
  • the outer packaging material 200 is gas barrier, is formed in a bag shape, and covers the entire core material 100.
  • the core material 100 is compressed.
  • the nonwoven fabrics 110 come into contact with each other so as to be pressed against each other.
  • non-woven fabric 110 of the core material 100 one formed by glass fibers manufactured by a continuous filament method or one formed by glass wool can be used.
  • the present inventors have used as a core a non-woven fabric configured to contain inorganic fibers of specific conditions. It has been found that the heat insulating performance of the vacuum heat insulating material is remarkably improved by using it.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 constituting the core material 100 used in the vacuum heat insulating material 1 of the present invention includes at least a plurality of inorganic fibers manufactured by the continuous filament method. Configured.
  • inorganic fibers examples include glass fibers, ceramic fibers, rock wool fibers, etc., but small diameter fibers necessary for constituting the core material of the present invention are distributed at a relatively low price due to mass production, In view of the low thermal conductivity of the material itself, glass fibers are preferably used as the inorganic fibers.
  • a nonwoven fabric produced by a wet papermaking method using glass fibers cut to a certain length is used as a core material of a vacuum heat insulating material.
  • the glass fiber cut to a certain length is a glass fiber which is a filamentous continuous filament of uniform thickness formed by drawing molten glass from a number of nozzles by a continuous filament method. Thousands are bundled and wound into a strand, and the strand is cut to a predetermined length with a guillotine cutter or the like. What cut
  • the glass fiber thus obtained is a continuous filament cut into a predetermined length to obtain a predetermined length. Therefore, the glass fiber is extremely straight and highly rigid, and is a substantially uniform fiber. It has a diameter and a substantially circular cross section. That is, according to the continuous filament method, a large number of fibers with extremely small variation in fiber diameter can be produced. Moreover, the inorganic fiber manufactured by the continuous filament method has very high straightness of each fiber. For this reason, by cutting a large number of inorganic fibers manufactured by the continuous filament method into a substantially constant length, a straightness of a large number of inorganic fibers having substantially the same length and having a very small variation in fiber diameter can be obtained. It can be obtained in a very high state.
  • Nonwoven fabrics arranged to be dispersed can be obtained.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing the distribution state of the glass fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric used for the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material as one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a nonwoven fabric composed of two glass fiber layers.
  • FIG. 4 is a plane electron micrograph (magnification 100 times) showing the distribution state before compression of the glass fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric used for the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material as one embodiment of the present invention
  • the plurality of glass fibers 111 forming the upper layer and the glass fibers 112 forming the lower layer extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110, but in close contact with each other in the parallel direction. They are not aligned, but are aligned so as to be distributed in a random direction within a plane forming the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, it turns out that the straightness of each fiber is very high. In addition, it can be seen that most of the fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric, but are aligned so as to be dispersed in a random direction within a plane forming the surface of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 which comprises the core material of this invention contains at least the glass fiber which is an example of the some inorganic fiber manufactured by the continuous filament method, the nonwoven fabric 110 is used using such a some glass fiber.
  • a plurality of glass fibers 111 and 112 are arranged so as to extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric. Glass fibers can be easily aligned.
  • most of the plurality of glass fibers 111 and 112 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110, but do not align with each other in close contact with each other and form a surface of the nonwoven fabric 110. To be distributed in a random direction.
  • the presence of glass fibers filling between the plurality of glass fibers constituting the core material can be minimized, and the presence of glass fibers entangled between the plurality of glass fibers can be minimized. Therefore, it is possible to prevent heat conduction from occurring between the glass fibers. For this reason, by preventing the occurrence of heat conduction along the thickness direction of the core material, the thermal conductivity of the core material can be reduced, and it becomes possible to exceed the improvement limit of the conventional heat insulation performance, The core material of the vacuum heat insulating material which has the heat insulation performance and the vacuum heat insulating material provided with the core material can be obtained.
  • the glass fiber composition is not particularly limited, and C glass, D glass, E glass, and the like can be used, but E glass (aluminoborosilicate glass) is preferably employed because of its availability.
  • the inorganic fiber forming the nonwoven fabric 110 as the core material of this embodiment is a glass fiber having a predetermined length obtained by cutting a continuous filament into a predetermined length, and has an extremely high straightness and a substantially circular shape. It has a cross section. For this reason, unless a plurality of glass fibers dispersed in a random direction are aligned and aligned in parallel, the glass fibers are in contact with each other at a point, so that heat conduction between the glass fibers is remarkably suppressed.
  • inorganic fiber materials such as alumina chopped strands using alumina fibers are preferable because they are more expensive than glass fibers and have high thermal conductivity. Absent.
  • organic materials generally have lower thermal conductivity than inorganic materials, but do not have rigidity. For this reason, an organic fiber material deform
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 is manufactured by a wet papermaking method using at least glass fibers which are an example of a plurality of inorganic fibers manufactured by a continuous filament method. Thereby, most glass fibers 111 and 112 are made to extend in the direction substantially parallel to the surface of the manufactured nonwoven fabric 110 among several glass fibers. Further, a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 110 are laminated.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 is first manufactured by the wet papermaking method at least using the several glass fiber manufactured by the continuous filament method. Thereby, most glass fibers 111 and 112 are made to extend in the direction substantially parallel to the surface of the manufactured nonwoven fabric 110 among several glass fibers. Further, a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 110 are laminated. Thereafter, the laminated nonwoven fabrics 110 are accommodated in the outer packaging material 200, and the interior of the outer packaging material 200 is kept in a reduced pressure state.
  • the manufacturing method of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 at least a plurality of glass fibers manufactured by a continuous filament method are used.
  • the non-woven fabric 110 is manufactured by the wet papermaking method using such a plurality of glass fibers, when the glass fibers are arranged in a direction parallel to the surface of the non-woven fabric 110, most of the glass fibers 111 and 112 are used.
  • a plurality of glass fibers can be easily aligned so as to extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110.
  • most of the plurality of glass fibers 111 and 112 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110, but do not align with each other in close contact with each other and form a surface of the nonwoven fabric 110. To be distributed in a random direction. Thereby, even if a plurality of non-woven fabrics 110 are laminated to constitute the core material 100, the presence of glass fibers that fill between the plurality of glass fibers can be minimized, and between the plurality of glass fibers. Since the presence of the glass fiber entangled with the glass fiber can be eliminated as much as possible, it is possible to prevent heat conduction from occurring between the glass fibers.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 1 can be manufactured by accommodating the some nonwoven fabric 110 laminated
  • the thermal conductivity of the core material 100 can be lowered, and the improvement limit of the conventional heat insulation performance may be exceeded. It becomes possible and the core material 100 which has the outstanding heat insulation performance and the vacuum heat insulating material 1 provided with the core material 100 can be obtained.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 made of glass fiber used in the present invention is manufactured by a wet papermaking method.
  • the wet papermaking method by adding an appropriate dispersant, glass chopped strands obtained by cutting glass fibers into a certain length are monofilamented and dispersed and arranged in layers, and the nonwoven fabric 110 made of glass fibers with very little binding is formed. Obtainable. For this reason, the number of glass fibers arranged in parallel is very small, and most glass fibers 111 and 112 are in contact with each other between adjacent fibers. In this way, the nonwoven fabric 110 having a high compressive strength and a very low thermal conductivity in the thickness direction can be produced. Therefore, such a nonwoven fabric 110 is suitable as the core material 100 of the vacuum heat insulating material 1. .
  • Fabrication of the non-woven fabric 110 by the wet paper making method employed in the production method of the present invention can be performed by using a known paper machine such as a long net paper machine, a short net paper machine, or an inclined wire type paper machine.
  • a nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber is used as a heat insulating material having heat resistance, a heat insulating material having fire resistance, or an electrical insulator. For this reason, the nonwoven fabric is required to have a fabric strength that can withstand tearing and breaking, and often requires entanglement of fibers.
  • Nonwoven fabrics made of glass fibers used for such applications are often manufactured by a papermaking method using a long net paper machine or a short net paper machine.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 made of glass fiber used in the present invention is accommodated in the outer packaging material 200 as the core material 100, the strength as a cloth is not so required.
  • the papermaking method in which the fiber directions are easily aligned increases the contact area between the fibers, and thus is not preferable for producing the nonwoven fabric 110 made of glass fibers used in the present invention.
  • an inclined wire type paper machine capable of making paper with a low inlet concentration is suitable, but is not limited thereto.
  • the glass chopped strand which is an example of the inorganic fiber used in the present invention, preferably has a glass fiber having a fiber diameter of 3 to 15 ⁇ m and a fiber length of 3 to 15 mm having a composition ratio of 99% or more.
  • a glass chopped strand having a fiber diameter of less than 3 ⁇ m or a fiber length of less than 3 mm is expected to be unsuitable for use in the nonwoven fabric 110 constituting the core material 100 of the present invention as described below.
  • Glass fibers having a fiber diameter of less than 3 ⁇ m have low fiber rigidity. Therefore, when a nonwoven fabric is produced by a wet papermaking method, the fibers are bent, entanglement between the fibers occurs, and the contact area between the fibers increases. . Thereby, since heat conduction becomes large and the heat insulation performance of the core material is deteriorated, glass fibers having a fiber diameter of less than 3 ⁇ m are not preferable.
  • the glass fiber having a fiber length of less than 3 mm is produced by dispersing the fiber located in the upper layer on the fiber located in the lower layer already dispersed when the nonwoven fabric is produced by the wet papermaking method.
  • the upper layer fibers are more likely to be supported on the lower layer fibers at one point, for example, one end of the upper layer fibers hang down to the lower layer and the other in the thickness direction. It is expected to be positioned in a protruding form.
  • heat conduction in the length direction of the fiber occurs, and the contact area between the fibers increases. Thereby, heat conduction becomes large and the heat insulating performance of the core material is deteriorated, so that glass fibers having a fiber length of less than 3 mm are not preferable.
  • glass fibers having a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m or more are used to form a nonwoven fabric and a core material is formed by laminating a plurality of nonwoven fabrics, the number of fiber layers in the thickness direction of the core material is reduced, and the heat transfer path in the thickness direction Becomes shorter and the pore diameter becomes larger when the nonwoven fabric is formed. Accordingly, glass fibers having a fiber diameter of 15 ⁇ m or more are not preferable because they are affected by the thermal conductivity of the gas and reduce the heat insulating performance of the core material.
  • the fiber length increases with respect to the fiber diameter, so that the rigidity of the fiber is lowered and the fiber is easily bent, entanglement between the fibers occurs, and the contact area between the fibers is increased. To increase. Thereby, since heat conduction becomes large and the heat insulation performance of the core material is deteriorated, glass fibers having a fiber length of 15 mm or more are not preferable.
  • the non-woven fabric made of glass fiber used as the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material of the present invention has no bonding force between fibers. For this reason, it is necessary to use an organic binder in the paper making process in order to prevent the glass fibers from falling off in the manufacturing process of the nonwoven fabric and to prevent mold deformation in the subsequent processing process. However, since the nonwoven fabric is finally encapsulated in the outer packaging material as the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material, it is necessary to minimize the amount of the organic binder used.
  • the binder content in the nonwoven fabric made of glass fibers is preferably 15% by mass or less.
  • a liquid binder such as a resin emulsion or an aqueous resin solution is generally sprayed by a spray or the like and added to the glass fiber.
  • the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber used as the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material of the present invention is preferably 30 to 600 g / m 2 . If the nonwoven fabric has a rice basis weight of less than 30 g / m 2 , the influence of the thermal conductivity of the gas increases due to the increase in the diameter of the voids present in the nonwoven fabric. Thereby, since the heat insulation performance of a core material falls and the intensity
  • the rice tsubo is generally a unit of measurement of the thickness of paper and represents the mass of paper per square meter, and is also referred to as metric basis weight.
  • rice tsubo is used as a unit for measuring the thickness of a nonwoven fabric made of glass fibers produced by a wet papermaking method.
  • JP-A-2006-17169 Patent Document 2
  • the average diameter of inorganic fibers such as glass wool constituting the core material of the vacuum heat insulating material is preferably 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the heat insulation performance of the vacuum heat insulating material is enhanced when the diameter of the inorganic fiber constituting the core material is small.
  • fine inorganic fibers are expensive and have the disadvantages of reducing the dewatering efficiency and reducing the productivity when producing nonwoven fabrics by wet papermaking.
  • the fiber diameter is relatively Even if a glass chopped strand having a large size is used, a vacuum heat insulating material that can obtain much higher heat insulating performance than a conventional vacuum heat insulating material can be realized.
  • the improvement width of the heat insulating performance of the finally obtained vacuum heat insulating material is almost the same as when using a glass chopped strand with a fiber diameter of 10 ⁇ m. It is negligible. Therefore, considering the productivity, price, and performance, the preferred fiber diameter of the glass chopped strand is 6 to 15 ⁇ m. When the glass fiber of this range is used, the vacuum heat insulating material which has heat insulation performance higher than the conventional vacuum heat insulating material can be obtained with a suitable manufacturing cost.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material of the present invention can be manufactured by a known method using a core material having the above-described characteristics.
  • the core material 100 is accommodated inside a gas barrier outer packaging material 200 formed in a bag shape.
  • the outer packaging material 200 for storing the core material 100 in a decompressed state has a high gas barrier property and a protective layer against heat-sealing layers, scratches, etc., and can keep the inner packaging material 200 in a decompressed state for a long period of time. Use something. Further, a plurality of films having such characteristics may be laminated to form the outer packaging material 200.
  • the heat insulation performance can be further improved by removing or reducing the organic binder of the core material before the vacuum sealing.
  • a thermosetting resin binder such as an acrylic resin
  • the binder can be removed by using a thermal decomposition method.
  • the binder before enclosing the core material in the outer packaging material, only the binder can be removed by thermal decomposition by treating at a temperature higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the binder and lower than the melting point of the glass fiber.
  • a water-soluble resin binder such as PVA
  • the binder can be removed or reduced by washing with warm water or the like in addition to the above method.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 1 includes the outer packaging material 200 and the core material 100 accommodated in the outer packaging material 200, and the outer packaging material 200 is thermally welded with the outer packaging materials 200 coming into contact with each other.
  • a heat welding part 300 is provided.
  • the heat welding part 300 is formed by LLDPE when it is heat welded.
  • the core material 100 is the core material 100 of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 configured by laminating a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 110.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 includes at least a plurality of inorganic fibers manufactured by a continuous filament method. In the nonwoven fabric 110, most of the plurality of inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110.
  • the heat welding part 300 of the outer packaging material 200 of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 is formed of a material containing hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon gas is generated by the heat welding part 300 being heat welded.
  • the hydrocarbon gas generated from the heat welding part 300 at the time of heat welding not only diffuses outside the vacuum heat insulating material 1. Also, it diffuses inside the outer packaging material 200 of the vacuum heat insulating material 1. The hydrocarbon gas diffused inside the outer packaging material 200 of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 is sealed inside the outer packaging material 200 as it is.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 1 is sealed by thermally welding the heat-welded portion 300 of the outer packaging material 200 under a reduced pressure state, when the hydrocarbon gas is diffused inside the outer packaging material 200, the outer packaging material 200 is sealed.
  • the degree of vacuum inside becomes low.
  • the heat insulating property of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 is lowered.
  • the heat welded part 300 is formed of LLDPE as a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when heat welded. By doing in this way, it can prevent that a vacuum degree falls with hydrocarbon gas.
  • the core material 100 of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 is the core material 100 of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 configured by laminating a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 110.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 includes at least a plurality of inorganic fibers manufactured by a continuous filament method. In the nonwoven fabric 110, most of the plurality of inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110.
  • the nonwoven fabric 110 which comprises the core material 100 of this invention contains the some inorganic fiber manufactured by the continuous filament method at least, when forming the nonwoven fabric 110 using such a some inorganic fiber, each inorganic fiber is formed.
  • a plurality of inorganic fibers can be easily aligned so that most of the inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110.
  • most of the plurality of inorganic fibers extend in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110, but do not align with each other in close contact with each other and are randomly aligned in a plane forming the surface of the nonwoven fabric 110.
  • FIG. 6 is a side sectional view (A) showing the entire refrigerator and a front view (B) showing the exterior of the refrigerator as a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the refrigerator 3 includes an outer box 301, an inner box 302, a door 303, a partition plate 304, a machine room 306 in which a compressor 305 is disposed, a cooling unit 307,
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 320 is provided.
  • the outer box 301 and the inner box 302 form an exterior 308 of the refrigerator 3.
  • the exterior 308 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with one surface opened.
  • the opening of the exterior 308 is opened and closed by a door 303.
  • the interior of the exterior 308 is divided into a plurality of chambers by a partition plate 304.
  • the interior of the exterior 308 is divided into, for example, a refrigerating room 311, an ice making room 312, an ice storage room 313, a freezing room 314, and a vegetable room 315.
  • a vacuum heat insulating material 320 is arranged between the outer box 301 and the inner box 302.
  • a vacuum heat insulating material 320 is also disposed inside the door 303. At least a part of the vacuum heat insulating material 320 shown in FIG. 6 is formed by the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment.
  • Some conventional refrigerators use rigid foamed urethane as a heat insulating material.
  • a heat insulating material is filled by injecting a foamed urethane material into a space formed by an inner box and an outer box and foaming it by a chemical reaction.
  • the heat insulating material By replacing at least a part of the portion where the hard foamed urethane was used as the heat insulating material with the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment having a good heat insulating performance, the heat insulating material The thickness can be reduced. If the thickness of the heat insulating material can be reduced, the internal volume can be increased without increasing the size of the refrigerator. In addition, energy saving can be achieved. Furthermore, since the amount of hard foam urethane used can be reduced, recycling at the time of disposal of the refrigerator becomes easy.
  • the arrangement position of the vacuum heat insulating material 320 shown in FIG. 6 is an example.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 320 may be disposed at other positions.
  • the refrigerator 3 includes the outer box 301, the inner box 302 disposed inside the outer box 301, and the vacuum heat insulating material disposed between the outer box 301 and the inner box 302. 320, the vacuum heat insulating material 320 includes the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment.
  • the food stored in the inner box 302 is cooled. Therefore, in the refrigerator 3, it is necessary to keep the temperature inside the inner box 302 at a lower temperature than the outside of the outer box 301 or to efficiently cool the inside of the inner box 302. Therefore, the vacuum heat insulating material 320 is disposed between the outer box 301 and the inner box 302. If the heat insulation performance of the vacuum heat insulating material 320 disposed between the outer box 301 and the inner box 302 is excellent, it is necessary to make the inside of the inner box 302 cooler or hotter than the outside of the outer box 301. Energy can be reduced, thus saving energy.
  • the refrigerator 3 having excellent heat insulating performance and energy saving can be provided.
  • FIG. 7 is a side sectional view showing the entire water heater as a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a vacuum heat insulating material 430 is disposed inside the lid 410 of the hot water heater (pot) 4 and between the hot water storage container 422 and the outer container 421.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 430 is the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment.
  • the member forming the upper surface 411 of the lid 410 and the outer container 421 are examples of an outer box, and the member forming the lower surface 412 of the lid 410 and the hot water storage container 422 are an example of an inner box.
  • the arrangement position of the vacuum heat insulating material 430 is an example.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 430 may be disposed at other positions.
  • water is stored in the hot water storage container 422, and this water is heated by the resistance heating heater 440 or the like. Further, the water stored in the hot water storage container 422 can be kept warm.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating material can be made thinner than before.
  • the internal volume of the water heater 4 can be increased while saving space.
  • energy saving can be achieved while improving the heat retaining performance of the water heater 4.
  • the heat insulating material can be recycled more easily than in the case where urethane foam is used as the heat insulating material.
  • FIG. 8 is a front perspective view (A) which shows the whole rice cooker as a 4th embodiment of this invention, a back perspective view (B), and the figure (C) which shows the member accommodated in the inside of a rice cooker. It is.
  • the rice cooker 5 is comprised from the housing
  • FIG. 8C Inside the housing 501, as shown in FIG. 8C, there are an inner hook 504, a heater 505 disposed at the bottom of the inner hook 504, an inner hook 504, and an outer hook 503 that covers the heater 505. Be placed.
  • a vacuum heat insulating material 510 is disposed inside the upper lid 502 of the rice cooker 5 and between the outer pot 503 and the housing 501.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 510 is disposed so as to be wound around the outer peripheral surface of the outer hook 503 so as to cover the outer peripheral face of the outer hook 503.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 510 is the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment.
  • the housing 510 is an example of an outer box, and the outer pot 503 is an example of an inner box.
  • the upper surface of the upper lid 502 is an example of an outer box, and the lower surface of the upper lid 502 is an example of an inner box.
  • the arrangement position of the vacuum heat insulating material 510 is an example.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 510 may be disposed at other positions.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating material can be reduced more than the conventional one while obtaining the same heat insulating performance as the conventional heat insulating material. Can be thinned. In this way, space saving and energy saving can be achieved, and a large-capacity rice cooker 5 can be obtained.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 510 on the outer periphery of the outer hook 503, the temperature of the inner hook 504 is distributed isothermally along the height direction from the bottom where the heater 505 is arranged.
  • the convection can be generated evenly in
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the entirety of a washing and drying machine as a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the washing / drying machine 6 includes an exterior 601, a lid 602 for opening and closing an opening of the exterior 601, a washing / drying tank storage 603 accommodated inside the exterior 601, and a washing / drying tank.
  • a washing / drying tank (not shown) housed in the housing portion 603;
  • a vacuum heat insulating material 610 is disposed between the exterior 601 and the washing / drying tank storage 603.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 610 is the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment.
  • the washing / drying machine 6 is a washing machine with a drying function.
  • the arrangement position of the vacuum heat insulating material 610 is an example.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 610 may be disposed at other positions.
  • the washing / drying tank is supported inside the washing / drying tank storage 603 so as to be rotatable.
  • the user puts an object such as clothes in the washing / drying tank and operates the operation unit arranged on the lid 602 to wash or dry the object.
  • an object such as clothes
  • water is stored in the washing / drying tank, detergent is added, and the object is washed by rotating the washing / drying tank.
  • the object is dried by circulating and supplying warm air to the inside of the washing and drying tank.
  • the temperature of the hot air circulated in the washing / drying tank can be made difficult to decrease, and thus the drying can be performed efficiently.
  • Example 1 First, the heat conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating material produced by changing the kind of outer packaging material was measured, and the heat insulating performance was compared. In order to verify that the heat insulation performance of the vacuum insulation material decreases as the amount of hydrocarbon gas inside the outer packaging material increases, the insulation of the vacuum insulation material when the length of the heat-welded part of the outer packaging material is changed The change in performance was measured.
  • FIG. 10 is a front view (A) showing an initial state of the vacuum heat insulating material used in Example 1, and a cross section when the vacuum heat insulating material is viewed from the direction indicated by the line BB in FIG. 10 (A).
  • FIG. 4B is a front view showing a state when the second thermal welding is performed, and a front view showing the state when the third thermal welding is performed.
  • the core material 10 and the adsorbent are disposed inside the bag-like outer packaging material 20 formed in a bag shape. 40 is housed, and the outer packaging material 20 is thermally welded and sealed in the heat-welded portion 30 and the heat-welded portion 31 in a reduced pressure state.
  • nylon was used for the outermost layer 21
  • two layers of aluminum-deposited PET resin and aluminum foil were used for the intermediate layer 22
  • two types of polyethylene resins were used for the innermost layer 23.
  • the core material 10 is configured by laminating a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 11.
  • Each nonwoven fabric 11 is produced by a papermaking method using glass fibers which are examples of inorganic fibers and a small amount of an organic binder. Specifically, the core material 10 was produced as follows.
  • Glass chopped strands (manufactured by Owens Corning Corporation) having an average fiber diameter of 10 ⁇ m and an average fiber length of 10 mm were poured into water so that the concentration became 0.5% by mass, and Emanon ( (Registered trademark) 3199 (manufactured by Kao Corporation) was added to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the glass chopped strands, and stirred to prepare a glass chopped strand slurry.
  • the obtained glass chopped strand slurry was made by a wet paper making method to prepare a web.
  • the obtained web was impregnated with a liquid obtained by diluting an acrylic emulsion (GM-4 manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) with water so that its solid content concentration was 3.0% by mass, and the moisture content of the web was adjusted by sucking moisture so as to be 0.7% by mass with respect to the glass fiber mass.
  • the nonwoven fabric 11 used for the core material 10 was produced by drying a web.
  • the nonwoven fabric 11 used for the obtained core material 10 had a rice weight of 100 g / m 2 .
  • a plurality of nonwoven fabrics 11 were laminated to form the core material 10.
  • the core material 10 had a long side of 435 mm, a short side of 400 mm, and a thickness of 9 mm.
  • the outer packaging material 20 was sealed as follows. First, after the three sides of the outer packaging material 20 were thermally welded at the heat welding portion 30, the core material 10 and the adsorbent 40 were filled inside. As the adsorbent 40, 10 g of CaO was used. Next, the heat-welded portion 31 of the outer packaging material 20 filled with the core material 10 and the adsorbent material 40 was heat-welded in a vacuum state in a vacuum chamber. Thus, the core material 10 and the adsorbent material 40 were sealed in the outer packaging material 20, and the vacuum heat insulating material 2 was produced. The heat welded portion 31 was heat welded at a temperature of 170 to 220 ° C. when the Pirani gauge instruction value installed in the vacuum chamber reached 0.009 Torr. Thus, the heat conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating material 2 produced was measured.
  • heat welding was performed at the heat welding portion 32 inside the heat welding portion 31, and the thermal conductivity was measured in the same manner.
  • the heat welding of the heat welding part 32 was performed at a temperature of 170 to 220 ° C. like the heat welding part 31.
  • the end portion 32a of the heat welding portion 32 which is the inner heat welding portion was cut open to form an opening having a length of 100 mm, and the inside of the vacuum heat insulating material 2 was once returned to the atmospheric pressure state.
  • the adsorbent 40 was replaced with new CaO 10 g.
  • heat welding is performed under reduced pressure at the heat welding portion 33 so that the end portion 32a of the heat welding portion 32 is again heat welded, and the thermal conductivity is similarly set. It was measured.
  • the heat welded portion 33 was heat welded at a temperature of 170 to 220 ° C. when the Pirani gauge indication value installed in the vacuum chamber reached 0.009 Torr.
  • the length of the heat-welded portion to be heat-welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed that is, the total length of the heat-welded portion 31 is 500 mm. there were.
  • the length of the heat-welded portion to be heat-welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed that is, the total length of the heat-welded portion 31 and the total length of the heat-welded portion 32.
  • the total was 1000 mm.
  • the length of the heat-welded portion to be heat-welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed that is, the opening formed in the end portion 32a of the heat-welded portion 32
  • the total length was 100 mm.
  • the thermal conductivity is measured by using a vacuum heat insulating material 2 provided with an outer packaging material using HDPE (high density polyethylene) as a heat welding layer as a polyethylene resin of the innermost layer 23 of the outer packaging material 20, and LLDPE (linear low-temperature). This was carried out for two types of vacuum heat insulating material 2 including an outer packaging material using a density polyethylene) as a heat welding layer.
  • the thermal conductivity was measured using a thermal conductivity measuring device (HC-074 / 600 manufactured by Eihiro Seiki Co., Ltd.). The average temperature of the vacuum heat insulating material at the time of measurement was 24 ° C.
  • HDPE is a material that easily generates hydrocarbon gas
  • LLDPE is a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a change in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating material depending on the length of the heat welded portion.
  • “the length of the heat-welded portion” represents the length of the heat-welded portion that is heat-welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed.
  • the length of the heat-welded portion that is thermally welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed is long. It was found that the heat insulating property of the vacuum heat insulating material is lowered. However, in the case of using LLDPE, the heat insulation performance is lowered even if the length of the heat-welded portion to be heat-welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed is made longer than in the case of using HDPE. It was hard to do.
  • the hydrocarbon gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the polyethylene resin of the outer packaging material 20 is further performed by thermal welding of the thermal welding part 32 inside the thermal welding part 31. It is thought that it has diffused inside the outer packaging material 20. Since the outermost heat welding portion 31 is thermally welded and the outer packaging material 20 is sealed, the hydrocarbon gas is confined inside the outer packaging material 20. Therefore, it is thought that the vacuum degree of the vacuum heat insulating material 2 fell and the heat conductivity fell.
  • the heat-welded portion formed of hydrocarbon-containing material is thermally welded to seal the outer packaging material
  • the heat-welded portion is formed of LLDPE, HDPE, vacuum It was found that the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material increases as the number of times of heat welding increases, and increases as the length of the heat-welded portion to be heat-welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed is longer. .
  • the heat welded portion is formed of LLDPE
  • the number of heat welds and the length of the heat welded portion to be heat welded when the outer packaging material is finally sealed are either The thermal conductivity was suppressed to be lower than when the heat welded portion was formed of HDPE.
  • the heat-welded portion of the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating material is formed of a material containing hydrocarbons
  • the heat-welded portion should be formed of a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when heat-welded. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the degree of vacuum from being lowered by the hydrocarbon gas.
  • the heat-welded portion of the outer packaging material of the vacuum heat insulating material is formed of a material containing hydrocarbon
  • the heat-welded portion is formed of a material that hardly generates hydrocarbon gas when heat-welded. It was found that a vacuum heat insulating material having excellent heat insulating performance can be obtained.
  • Example 2 Next, the heat conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating material produced by changing the kind of outer packaging material and core material was measured, and the heat insulating performance was compared.
  • the core material and the adsorbing material were accommodated in the gas barrier outer packaging material formed in a bag shape, similarly to the vacuum heat insulating material of the first embodiment.
  • the core material and the adsorbent were filled inside.
  • the heat-welded portion of the outer packaging material filled with the core material and the adsorbent material was heat-welded under reduced pressure in a vacuum chamber.
  • the heat welded portion was heat welded at a temperature of 170 to 220 ° C. when the Pirani gauge reading value set in the vacuum chamber reached 0.009 Torr.
  • a gas barrier film using nylon as the outermost layer, using two layers of aluminum-deposited PET resin and aluminum foil as the intermediate layer, and using polyethylene resin as the innermost layer was used.
  • LLDPE or HDPE was used as the innermost layer of the outer packaging material.
  • the core material is configured by laminating a plurality of non-woven fabrics.
  • a wet papermaking core material or a glass wool core material was used as the core material.
  • each of the wet papermaking core material and the glass wool core material was produced as follows.
  • each nonwoven fabric is produced by a papermaking method using glass fibers which are examples of inorganic fibers and a small amount of an organic binder.
  • Glass chopped strands (manufactured by Owens Corning Corporation) having an average fiber diameter of 10 ⁇ m and an average fiber length of 10 mm were poured into water so that the concentration became 0.5% by mass, and Emanon ( (Registered trademark) 3199 (manufactured by Kao Corporation) was added to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the glass chopped strands, and stirred to prepare a glass chopped strand slurry.
  • paper was made by a wet paper making method to prepare a web.
  • the obtained web was impregnated with a liquid obtained by diluting an acrylic emulsion (GM-4 manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.) with water so that its solid content concentration was 3.0% by mass, and the moisture content of the web was adjusted by sucking moisture so as to be 0.7% by mass with respect to the glass fiber mass.
  • the nonwoven fabric used for a wet papermaking core material was produced by drying a web.
  • the nonwoven fabric used for the obtained wet papermaking core material had a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 .
  • a plurality of non-woven fabrics were laminated to form a wet papermaking core material.
  • the size of the wet papermaking core the long side was 435 mm, the short side was 400 mm, and the thickness was 9 mm.
  • Glass wool having an average fiber diameter of 3.5 ⁇ m was laminated as an aggregate of glass fibers and formed into a predetermined density by hot pressing to prepare a core material in a board shape.
  • the glass wool core material had a long side of 435 mm, a short side of 400 mm, and a thickness of 8 mm.
  • FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing a distribution state of glass fibers in glass wool that has been conventionally used as a core material of a vacuum heat insulating material.
  • FIG. 13 is a planar electron micrograph (magnification 100 times) showing a distribution state before compression of glass fibers in glass wool, which has been conventionally used as a core material of a vacuum heat insulating material, and
  • FIG. 14 shows a similar distribution state. It is an electron micrograph (magnification 100 times) of a section.
  • the glass wool 800 As shown in FIG. 12, in the glass wool 800, it can be seen that a large number of glass fibers 810 having various fiber lengths extend in various directions and are randomly distributed. Further, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, in glass wool manufactured by a flame method or a centrifugal method, a short fiber having a fiber length of 1 mm or less or a fine fiber having a fiber diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less with respect to the main fiber. It is in a state in which various fibers are mixed. Such short fibers and fine fibers are filled between the main fibers or entangled between the main fibers, and heat conduction occurs between the fibers, along the thickness direction of the core material. It is considered that the heat insulation performance is lowered by causing heat conduction. Moreover, in such glass wool, it turns out that the main fiber also includes many fibers that are bent or twisted.
  • the following three types were used alone or in combination.
  • Calcium oxide (CaO), 10g (2) As hydrocarbon gas adsorbent A, Purafile Select (manufactured by JMS Co., Ltd.), 2.5 g, containing alumina and potassium permanganate as main components (3) As hydrocarbon gas adsorbent B, SAES Getter (SG-CONBO3 manufactured by Saes getters), 10 g.
  • the hydrocarbon gas adsorbent B contains calcium oxide (50 to 100%), cobalt oxide (10 to 25%), barium (2.5% or less), and lithium (2.5% or less).
  • the potassium permanganate of the hydrocarbon gas adsorbent A adsorbs ethylene, which is a hydrocarbon gas.
  • the cobalt oxide of the hydrocarbon gas adsorbent B adsorbs the hydrocarbon gas.
  • calcium oxide does not adsorb hydrocarbon gas but adsorbs water.
  • the above outer packaging material, core material, and adsorbent were combined as in the following (1) to (10) to produce 10 types of vacuum heat insulating materials.
  • the outer packaging material in which the innermost layer was formed of LLDPE was used.
  • a wet papermaking core was used as the core.
  • Calcium oxide (CaO) was used as the adsorbent.
  • An outer packaging material in which the innermost layer was formed of LLDPE was used.
  • a core material a glass wool core material was used.
  • Calcium oxide (CaO) was used as the adsorbent.
  • An outer packaging material in which the innermost layer was formed of HDPE was used.
  • a core material a glass wool core material was used.
  • Calcium oxide (CaO) was used as the adsorbent.
  • the outer packaging material in which the innermost layer was formed of LLDPE was used.
  • a wet papermaking core was used as the core.
  • As the adsorbent calcium oxide (CaO) and hydrocarbon gas adsorbent A were used.
  • An outer packaging material in which the innermost layer was formed of LLDPE was used.
  • a core material a glass wool core material was used.
  • adsorbent calcium oxide (CaO) and hydrocarbon gas adsorbent A were used.
  • An outer packaging material in which the innermost layer was formed of HDPE was used.
  • a wet papermaking core was used as the core.
  • As the adsorbent calcium oxide (CaO) and hydrocarbon gas adsorbent A were used.
  • An outer packaging material in which the innermost layer was formed of HDPE was used.
  • a core material a glass wool core material was used.
  • adsorbent calcium oxide (CaO) and hydrocarbon gas adsorbent A were used.
  • the thermal conductivity of 10 types of vacuum heat insulating materials (1) to (10) was measured.
  • the thermal conductivity was measured using a thermal conductivity measuring device (HC-074 / 600 manufactured by Eihiro Seiki Co., Ltd.).
  • the average temperature of the vacuum heat insulating material at the time of measurement was 24 ° C.
  • Table 1 shows the obtained thermal conductivity.
  • an outer packaging material in which the innermost layer is formed of LLDPE is used, and as the core material, a vacuum heat insulating material (1) using a wet papermaking core material, and an outer packaging material in which the innermost layer is formed of LLDPE.
  • the thermal conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating material of (1) was low. All of the vacuum heat insulating materials (1) to (4) use CaO as an adsorbent.
  • an outer packaging material in which the innermost layer is formed of LLDPE is used, and the core material is a vacuum heat insulating material (5) using a wet papermaking core material, and an outer packaging material in which the innermost layer is formed of LLDPE.
  • a vacuum heat insulating material (6) using a glass wool core material an outer packaging material in which the innermost layer is formed by HDPE, a vacuum heat insulating material (7) using a wet papermaking core material as the core material, and an innermost layer formed by HDPE
  • the thermal conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating material of (5) was low.
  • CaO and hydrocarbon gas adsorbing material A are used as adsorbing materials.
  • the vacuum insulation materials (1) and (5) in which the innermost layer of the outer packaging material is formed of LLDPE and has a wet papermaking core material as a core material, exhibit a lower thermal conductivity than other vacuum heat insulation materials. It can be seen that it has excellent heat insulation performance exceeding the improvement limit of conventional heat insulation performance.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material according to the present invention it is possible to provide a device such as a refrigerator excellent in heat insulating performance and energy saving.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material according to the present invention is used to heat, cool, and keep various foods, such as a refrigerator, a cold box, a warm box, etc. It is applied to the inside of the outer wall of the building, etc. for the purpose of improving the heat insulation performance of the building or the building for drying the object.
  • Vacuum heat insulating material 100: Core material, 110: Non-woven fabric, 200: Outer packaging material, 230: Innermost layer, 300: Thermal welding part, 3: Refrigerator, 301: Outer box, 302: Inner box, 320: Vacuum heat insulating material 4: Water heater, 411: Upper surface, 412: Lower surface, 421: Outer container, 422: Hot water storage container, 430: Vacuum heat insulating material, 5: Rice cooker, 501: Housing, 503: Outer pot, 510: Vacuum heat insulating material , 6: Washer / dryer, 601: Exterior, 603: Washing / drying tank storage, 610: Vacuum heat insulating material.

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WO2014087834A1 (ja) * 2012-12-07 2014-06-12 旭硝子株式会社 断熱材およびその製造方法、ならびに断熱施工方法
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JP2017036847A (ja) * 2015-08-07 2017-02-16 日立アプライアンス株式会社 断熱部品および冷蔵庫
CN109690164A (zh) * 2016-09-08 2019-04-26 三菱电机株式会社 真空隔热件以及隔热箱
KR101983790B1 (ko) * 2017-04-18 2019-09-03 송상우 냉장고 도어의 변형 방지 시트 및 이의 제조방법
CN111656076A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2020-09-11 三菱电机株式会社 真空隔热件以及隔热箱
DE102019102875A1 (de) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-06 HOINKA GmbH Dämmbaustein, Dämmwandabschnitt, Wärmespeicher und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Dämmbausteins

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