WO2010109899A1 - 芳香族炭化水素の製造方法 - Google Patents
芳香族炭化水素の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010109899A1 WO2010109899A1 PCT/JP2010/002172 JP2010002172W WO2010109899A1 WO 2010109899 A1 WO2010109899 A1 WO 2010109899A1 JP 2010002172 W JP2010002172 W JP 2010002172W WO 2010109899 A1 WO2010109899 A1 WO 2010109899A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/048—Zincosilicates, Aluminozincosilicates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
- B01J29/405—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/87—Gallosilicates; Aluminogallosilicates; Galloborosilicates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/90—Regeneration or reactivation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/02—Heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
- C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
- C07C4/06—Catalytic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G35/00—Reforming naphtha
- C10G35/04—Catalytic reforming
- C10G35/10—Catalytic reforming with moving catalysts
- C10G35/14—Catalytic reforming with moving catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2529/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- C07C2529/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, pillared clays
- C07C2529/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- C07C2529/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups C07C2529/08 - C07C2529/65
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1044—Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/30—Aromatics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons by catalytic reforming reaction using a fluidized bed reactor.
- a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons such as BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.) by catalytically reforming light naphtha, heavy naphtha, etc. obtained from fluid catalytic cracking (hereinafter referred to as FCC) equipment is well known. It has been. In general, these production methods employ a fixed bed or moving bed method using a granular reforming catalyst. Generally, since the reforming reaction involves an endothermic reaction, a heat supply method for compensating for the reaction heat and a temperature control method related thereto are problems.
- the reforming catalyst extracted from the fluidized bed reactor is transferred to the regenerator, and the regenerator
- the coke adhering to the reforming catalyst is burned to regenerate the reforming catalyst.
- the regenerated reforming catalyst is transferred to a fluidized bed reactor.
- the amount of coke adhering to the reforming catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor is not sufficient, and even if the coke is burned in the regenerator, the heat required for the reforming reaction (endothermic reaction) of the raw material in the fluidized bed reactor. Can't get. Therefore, it is necessary to heat the raw material before being supplied to the fluidized bed reactor to the reaction temperature or higher in advance by a heating furnace.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons efficiently and stably in a method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons using LCO, naphtha, etc. distilled from an FCC unit and straight-run gas oil as raw materials. provide.
- the method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons of the present invention comprises a flow of one or more feedstocks selected from the group consisting of LCO distilled from an FCC unit, hydrotreated LCO and naphtha, and straight-run gas oil.
- a method for producing an aromatic hydrocarbon by contacting with a reforming catalyst in a bed reactor, Transferring the reforming catalyst extracted from the fluidized bed reactor to a heating tank; Heating the reforming catalyst to a temperature equal to or higher than the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed reactor in a heating tank; Transferring the heated reforming catalyst to the fluidized bed reactor after the heating step.
- the heating to the reforming catalyst in the heating tank is preferably performed by burning the heating fuel supplied to the heating tank from the outside in the presence of the oxygen-containing gas.
- the fuel for heating may be a liquid fuel or a gaseous fuel, and the bottom oil of the product oil obtained by the production method of the present invention is preferable.
- the amount of fuel for heating, for example, distillation tower bottom oil, supplied to the heating tank is preferably 0.005 to 0.08 tons per ton of feed oil supplied to the fluidized bed reactor.
- the amount of the reforming catalyst withdrawn from the fluidized bed reactor is preferably 5 to 30 tons per ton of feedstock supplied to the fluidized bed reactor.
- the pressure in the fluidized bed reactor is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 MPaG.
- the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed reactor is preferably 350 to 700 ° C.
- the contact time between the feedstock and the reforming catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor is preferably 5 to 300 seconds.
- the method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons of the present invention in the method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons using LCO, naphtha, etc. distilled from the FCC unit, and straight-run gas oil as raw materials, the method is efficient and stable. Can produce aromatic hydrocarbons.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a fluid catalytic reforming apparatus used in the method for producing aromatic hydrocarbons of the present invention.
- the fluid catalytic reformer 10 includes a fluidized bed reactor 12, a heating tank 14, a catalyst riser 16, an inclined pipe 18, an inclined pipe 20, a feed pipe 22, a discharge pipe 24, and a fuel pipe 26.
- the oxygen-containing gas pipe 28 and the exhaust pipe 30 are provided.
- the end of the catalyst riser 16 is connected to the fluidized bed reactor 12.
- the inclined pipe 18 has a proximal end connected to the fluidized bed reactor 12 and a distal end connected to the heating bath 14.
- the inclined pipe 20 has a proximal end connected to the heating tank 14 and a distal end connected to the proximal end of the catalyst riser 16.
- the end of the feed pipe 22 is connected to the base end of the catalyst riser 16.
- the discharge pipe 24 is connected to the fluidized bed reactor 12 at the base end.
- the end of the fuel pipe 26 is connected to the heating tank 14.
- the end of the oxygen-containing gas pipe 28 is connected to the heating bath 14.
- the base end of the exhaust pipe 30 is connected to the heating bath 14.
- the fluidized bed reactor 12 is for obtaining a product oil containing a large amount of BTX by bringing the raw material oil into contact with the reforming catalyst in a fluidized bed state.
- the fluidized bed reactor 12 includes a supply port, a discharge port, a cyclone, and a discharge port.
- the steam of raw material oil and the reforming catalyst transferred through the catalyst riser 16 are introduced into the interior.
- the reforming catalyst is extracted to the inclined pipe 18.
- the steam of the product oil and the reforming catalyst are separated.
- steam of the product oil separated by the cyclone is discharged to the discharge pipe 24.
- the heating tank 14 is used not only for heat generated by combustion of coke adhered to the reforming catalyst, but also for actively heating the reforming catalyst with energy supplied from the outside, that is, a heating apparatus itself having a large size. It is.
- the heating tank 14 includes three supply ports, a discharge port, and an exhaust port.
- the reforming catalyst transferred through the inclined pipe 18 is introduced into the interior.
- the reforming catalyst is extracted to the inclined pipe 20.
- the fuel for heating supplied from the outside through the fuel pipe 26 is introduced into the inside.
- the oxygen-containing gas supplied through the oxygen-containing gas pipe 28 is introduced into the inside.
- the exhaust port the combustion gas generated by the combustion is exhausted to the exhaust pipe 30.
- the catalyst riser 16 is in the form of a pipe extending in the vertical direction, a supply port for introducing the reforming catalyst transferred through the inclined pipe 20, and a liquid feedstock supplied through the feed pipe 22. And a supply port for introducing the inside.
- Production of aromatic hydrocarbons using the fluid catalytic reformer 10 of FIG. 1 is performed, for example, as follows.
- the raw material oil heated in advance by a preheater (not shown) provided in the middle of the feed pipe 22 is continuously introduced from the feed pipe 22 into the catalyst riser 16.
- the reforming catalyst heated in the heating tank 14 is continuously introduced from the inclined pipe 20 to the catalyst riser 16, and vaporized raw material vapor rising the catalyst riser 16 is used as a transfer medium.
- the reforming catalyst continuously introduced from the catalyst riser 16 into the fluidized bed reactor 12 together with the raw material vapor becomes a fluidized bed state by the raw material vapor.
- the steam of the raw oil and the reforming catalyst come into contact with each other, and the steam of the product oil containing a large amount of BTX is obtained.
- the product oil vapor and the reforming catalyst are separated by a cyclone, and the product oil vapor is continuously discharged to the discharge pipe 24.
- the discharged product oil vapor is transferred to a subsequent distillation column (not shown) or the like through the discharge pipe 24.
- a part of the reforming catalyst that has been partially deactivated due to the coke adhering to the steam of the feedstock is continuously extracted from the fluidized bed reactor 12 to the inclined pipe 18.
- the reforming catalyst continuously introduced into the heating tank 14 from the inclined pipe 18 uses the fuel for heating supplied from the outside through the fuel pipe 26 and the oxygen-containing gas supplied through the oxygen-containing gas pipe 28. Is continuously heated above the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed reactor 12. That is, the reforming catalyst is heated by the combustion heat generated by the combustion of the fuel for heating and the oxygen-containing gas. Further, since the coke adhering to the reforming catalyst is burned at the time of heating, the reforming catalyst is also regenerated. The combustion gas generated by the combustion is continuously exhausted to the exhaust pipe 30. The heated reforming catalyst is continuously extracted from the heating tank 14 to the inclined pipe 20, and is again introduced from the inclined pipe 20 into the catalyst riser 16. In this manner, the reforming catalyst is constantly circulated between the fluidized bed reactor 12 and the heating tank 14.
- the raw material oil one or more selected from the group consisting of LCO distilled from the FCC apparatus, hydrogenated LCO, and naphtha is used.
- the amount of coke that adheres to the reforming catalyst when the raw material oil and the reforming catalyst come into contact with each other is not necessarily large. Therefore, the production method of the present invention is effective for producing a product oil containing aromatic hydrocarbons efficiently and stably from these feedstock oils.
- the reforming catalyst contains crystalline aluminosilicate.
- the content of the crystalline aluminosilicate in the reforming catalyst is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10% by mass to 95% by mass, more preferably 20% by mass to 80% by mass, and more preferably 25% by mass to 70% by mass. % Or less is more preferable.
- MFI Zerolite Socony Mobil-five
- MEL Zerolite Socony Mobil-eleven
- TON Theta-one
- MTT Zerolite Socony Mobil-
- MRE Zerolite Socony Mobil-48
- FER Ferrierite
- AEL Alluminophosphate-eleven
- EUO Eddinburgh University-one
- MFI type and / or MEL type crystal structures Is more preferable.
- Crystalline aluminosilicates such as MFI type and MEL type
- the Structure Commission of the International Zeolite Association belonging to the published kind of known zeolite structure type by (Atlas of Zeolite Structure Types, W.M.Meiyer and D.H.Olson (1978) .Distributed by Polycrystal Book Service, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).
- crystalline aluminosilicate those containing gallium and / or zinc are preferable. By containing gallium and / or zinc, BTX can be produced more efficiently, and at the same time, by-products of non-aromatic hydrocarbons having 3 to 6 carbon atoms can be greatly suppressed.
- crystalline aluminosilicates containing gallium and / or zinc gallium is incorporated in the lattice skeleton of crystalline aluminosilicate (crystalline aluminogallosilicate), zinc is incorporated in the lattice skeleton of crystalline aluminosilicate.
- Gallium-supporting crystalline aluminosilicate and / or zinc-supporting crystalline aluminosilicate is a material in which gallium and / or zinc is supported on a crystalline aluminosilicate by a known method such as an ion exchange method or an impregnation method.
- the gallium source and zinc source used at this time are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include gallium salts such as gallium nitrate and gallium chloride, zinc salts such as gallium oxide, zinc nitrate and zinc chloride, and zinc oxide.
- the crystalline aluminogallosilicate and / or the crystalline aluminodine silicate has a structure in which the SiO 4 , AlO 4 and GaO 4 / ZnO 4 structures have a tetrahedral coordination in the skeleton.
- Crystalline aluminogallosilicate and / or crystalline aluminodine silicate is a gel crystallization by hydrothermal synthesis, a method of inserting gallium and / or zinc into the lattice skeleton of crystalline aluminosilicate, or crystalline gallosilicate and / or It can be obtained by inserting aluminum into the lattice skeleton of crystalline zinc silicate.
- the fuel for heating is a fuel other than coke attached to the reforming catalyst and supplied from the outside (so-called torch oil), for example, the bottom of the distillation column of the product oil obtained by the production method of the present invention. Oil etc. are mentioned.
- the heating fuel is preferably a distillation column bottom oil having a relatively large ratio of carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms (C / H) from the viewpoint of avoiding the problem of deterioration of the reforming catalyst due to water vapor.
- the oxygen-containing gas include air, pure oxygen, and the like, and air is preferable from an economical viewpoint.
- the heating of the reforming catalyst is not limited to the combustion of the fuel for heating, and the heating may be performed using an indirect heating means such as a heater.
- an indirect heating means such as a heater.
- heating by combustion of fuel for heating is preferable.
- the heating temperature of the raw material oil by the preheater is such that the heat required for the reforming reaction in the fluidized bed reactor 12 is supplied by the heated reforming catalyst.
- the reaction temperature may be lower than that.
- the heating temperature of the raw material oil is preferably 150 ° C. or higher and 450 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 180 ° C. or higher and 350 ° C. or lower.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.1 MPaG, more preferably 0.2 MPaG.
- the upper limit is preferably 1.5 MPaG, more preferably 1.0 MPaG, and more preferably 0.5 MPaG. If the pressure is 0.1 MPaG or more, BTX can be produced efficiently. If the pressure is 1.5 MPaG or less, the amount of light gas by-produced by decomposition can be suppressed.
- the lower limit of the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed reactor 12 is preferably 350 ° C, more preferably 450 ° C, still more preferably 500 ° C, and still more preferably 520 ° C.
- 700 degreeC is preferable and 600 degreeC is more preferable. If the reaction temperature is 350 ° C. or higher, the activity of the reforming catalyst is sufficient. If reaction temperature is 700 degrees C or less, an excessive decomposition reaction will be suppressed.
- the lower limit of the contact time between the raw material oil and the reforming catalyst in the fluidized bed reactor 12 is preferably 5 seconds, more preferably 10 seconds, and more preferably 15 seconds.
- the upper limit is preferably 300 seconds, more preferably 150 seconds, and even more preferably 100 seconds or less. If the contact time is 5 seconds or longer, the reforming reaction proceeds sufficiently. If the contact time is 300 seconds or less, the amount of light gas by-produced by decomposition can be suppressed.
- the amount (circulation amount) of the reforming catalyst withdrawn from the fluidized bed reactor 12 is preferably 5 to 30 tons per ton of feedstock supplied to the fluidized bed reactor 12, and this is also related to the overall heat balance. It can be decided.
- the pressure in the heating tank 14 is preferably higher than the pressure in the fluidized bed reactor 12 in that the heated reforming catalyst is transferred to the fluidized bed reactor 12.
- the temperature in the heating tank 14 is higher than the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed reactor 12 because the heat required for the reforming reaction in the fluidized bed reactor 12 is supplied by the heated reforming catalyst. is there.
- the lower limit of the temperature in the heating bath 14 is preferably 500 ° C., and more preferably 600 ° C.
- the upper limit is preferably 800 ° C., more preferably 700 ° C.
- the amount of fuel for heating (in the case of distillation tower bottom oil) supplied to the heating tank 14 is preferably 0.005 tons and 0.08 tons or less per ton of feedstock supplied to the fluidized bed reactor 12. 0.02 tons and 0.08 tons are more preferable.
- the amount of fuel for heating is determined by the amount of coke produced and the overall heat balance.
- the reforming catalyst extracted from the fluidized bed reactor is transferred to a heating tank and heated to a temperature higher than the reaction temperature in the fluidized bed reactor. After heating, the heated reforming catalyst is transferred to the fluidized bed reactor. Therefore, the reforming in the fluidized bed reactor is efficiently and stably performed not only by the heat generated by the combustion of coke adhered to the reforming catalyst but also by the reforming catalyst positively heated by the energy supplied from the outside. Heat necessary for the quality reaction (endothermic reaction) can be sufficiently supplemented. Therefore, despite using raw material oil (LCO or the like) that does not have enough coke to adhere to the reforming catalyst when it comes into contact with the reforming catalyst, the BTX can be efficiently and stably used. Can be manufactured.
- LCO raw material oil
- Example 1 Using the fluidized catalytic reformer 10 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1, BTX was produced under the following operating conditions, and the production amount of BTX and the like were obtained by calculation based on this data.
- Heating temperature of raw material oil by a preheater (not shown): 200 ° C, Feed rate of raw material oil (steam) to the catalyst riser 16: 1 ton / hr, Pressure in fluidized bed reactor 12: 0.3 MPaG, Reaction temperature in fluidized bed reactor 12: 560 ° C. Contact time between feedstock and reforming catalyst in fluidized bed reactor 12: 18 seconds, Pressure in the heating bath 14: 0.35 MPaG, Temperature in the heating tank 14: 650 ° C.
- LCO was used as the raw material oil.
- heating fuel to fuel (torch oil)
- the bottom oil of the product oil was used.
- the reforming catalyst a reforming catalyst containing MFI type zeolite (particle size: about 0.3 ⁇ m) in which gallium was incorporated in the lattice skeleton was used.
- the present invention is useful for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons using LCO, naphtha, etc. distilled from an FCC unit as a raw material.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年3月27日に、日本に出願された特願2009-078602号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
一般に、改質反応は吸熱反応を伴うため、その反応熱を補うための熱供給の方法およびそれに関連する温度制御の手法が課題となっている。また、原料が軽質ナフサの場合はともかく、重質ナフサ、とりわけ分解軽油(ライトサイクルオイル。以下、LCOと記す。)や軽油となったときは、反応操作の進行に伴うコークの発生が著しく、改質触媒の再生の頻度も著しくなる。
流動床方式を採用することで、反応床の改質触媒と原料とを完全混合に近い状態に維持することができ、反応温度を均一に保つことが容易になる。同時に、原料が重質化した場合のコーク劣化した改質触媒を適宜流動床反応器から抜き出すことで、再生を円滑に行うことができる。すなわち、原料との接触によって改質触媒にコークが付着し、改質触媒が不活性化するため、流動床反応器内から抜き出された改質触媒を再生器に移送し、該再生器内にて改質触媒に付着したコークを燃焼させて改質触媒を再生する。その後、再生された改質触媒を流動床反応器に移送することが行われる。
前記流動床反応器内から抜き出された改質触媒を熱付け槽に移送する工程と、
前記改質触媒を、熱付け槽で前記流動床反応器内の反応温度以上に熱付けする工程と、
熱付け工程後に、熱付けされた前記改質触媒を前記流動床反応器に移送する工程とを有する。
熱付け用燃料は、液体燃料または気体燃料であればよく、本発明の製造方法で得られた生成油の蒸留塔底油が好ましい。
前記熱付け槽への熱付け用燃料、例えば蒸留塔底油の供給量は、前記流動床反応器に供給される原料油1トンあたり0.005~0.08トンであることが好ましい。
前記流動床反応器内から抜き出される改質触媒の量は、前記流動床反応器に供給される原料油1トンあたり5~30トンであることが好ましい。
前記流動床反応器内の反応温度は、350~700℃であることが好ましい。
前記流動床反応器内における原料油と改質触媒との接触時間は、5~300秒であることが好ましい。
フィードパイプ22の途中に設けられた予熱器(図示略)によってあらかじめ加熱された原料油は、フィードパイプ22から触媒ライザ16に連続的に導入される。これと同時に、熱付け槽14にて熱付けされた改質触媒は、傾斜パイプ20から触媒ライザ16に連続的に導入され、触媒ライザ16を上昇する気化された原料油の蒸気を移送媒体として、流動床反応器12へ移送される。
改質触媒における結晶性アルミノシリケートの含有量は、特に限定されないが、10質量%以上且つ95質量%以下が好ましく、20質量%以上且つ80質量%以下がより好ましく、25質量%以上且つ70質量%以下がさらに好ましい。
The Structure Commission of the International Zeolite Associationにより公表された種類の公知ゼオライト構造型に属する(Atlas of Zeolite Structure Types,W.M.Meiyer and D.H.Olson (1978).Distributed by Polycrystal Book Service,Pittsburgh,PA,USA)。
ガリウムおよび/または亜鉛を含む結晶性アルミノシリケートとしては、結晶性アルミノシリケートの格子骨格内にガリウムが組み込まれたもの(結晶性アルミノガロシリケート)、結晶性アルミノシリケートの格子骨格内に亜鉛が組み込まれたもの(結晶性アルミノジンコシリケート)、結晶性アルミノシリケートにガリウムを担持したもの(ガリウム担持結晶性アルミノシリケート)、結晶性アルミノシリケートに亜鉛を担持したもの(亜鉛担持結晶性アルミノシリケート)、それらを少なくとも1種以上含んだものが挙げられる。
酸素含有ガスとしては、空気、純酸素等が挙げられ、経済的な観点から、空気が好ましい。
熱付け槽14内の温度は、流動床反応器12内での改質反応に必要な熱は熱付けされた改質触媒によって供給される点から、流動床反応器12内の反応温度以上である。熱付け槽14内の温度は、例えば、下限としては500℃が好ましく、さらに600℃が望ましい。一方上限としては800℃が好ましく、700℃がより望ましい。
〔実施例1〕
図1に示す構成の流動接触改質装置10を用い、下記の運転条件にてBTXの製造を行い、このデータをもとにBTXの製造量等を計算で求めた。
予熱器(図示略)による原料油の加熱温度:200℃、
触媒ライザ16への原料油(蒸気)の供給量:1トン/hr、
流動床反応器12内の圧力:0.3MPaG、
流動床反応器12内の反応温度:560℃、
流動床反応器12内における原料油と改質触媒と接触時間:18秒、
熱付け槽14内の圧力:0.35MPaG、
熱付け槽14内の温度:650℃、
熱付け槽14への熱付け用燃料の供給量:0.025トン/原料油1トン、
熱付け槽14への空気の供給量:0.80トン/原料油1トン、
改質触媒の循環量:17.6トン/原料油1トン。
熱付け用燃料(トーチオイル)としては、生成油の蒸留塔底油を用いた。
改質触媒としては、格子骨格内にガリウムが組み込まれたMFIタイプのゼオライト(粒子寸法:約0.3μm)を含む改質触媒を用いた。
生成油に含まれるBTXの量は、43質量%であった。
14 熱付け槽
Claims (8)
- 流動接触分解装置から留出する分解軽油、該分解軽油を水素化処理したものおよびナフサ、ならびに直留軽油からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の原料油を、流動床反応器内の改質触媒と接触させて芳香族炭化水素を製造する方法であって、
前記流動床反応器内から抜き出された改質触媒を熱付け槽に移送する工程と、
前記改質触媒を、熱付け槽で前記流動床反応器内の反応温度以上に熱付けする工程と、
熱付け工程後に、熱付けされた前記改質触媒を前記流動床反応器に移送する工程とを有する芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。 - 前記熱付け槽における改質触媒への熱付けが、外部から前記熱付け槽に供給された熱付け用燃料を酸素含有ガスの存在下に燃焼させることによって行われる、請求項1に記載の芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記熱付け用燃料が、生成油の蒸留塔底油である、請求項2に記載の芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記熱付け槽への蒸留塔底油の供給量が、前記流動床反応器に供給される原料油1トンあたり0.005~0.08トンである、請求項3に記載の芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記流動床反応器内から抜き出される改質触媒の量が、前記流動床反応器に供給される原料油1トンあたり5~30トンである、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記流動床反応器内の圧力が、0.1~1.5MPaGである、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記流動床反応器内の反応温度が、350~700℃である、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
- 前記流動床反応器内における原料油と改質触媒と接触時間が、5~300秒である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の芳香族炭化水素の製造方法。
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