WO2010095463A1 - 免疫増強組成物及びそれを製造する方法 - Google Patents
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composition that enhances antibacterial action, antiviral action, anti-inflammatory action, and anticancer action by stimulating innate immunity, and affects lymphocyte immune system to suppress inflammation.
- the composition according to the present invention stimulates innate immunity receptors such as TLR, NLR and RIG, followed by innate immune response cells including macrophages, natural killer cells, and natural killer T cells. It activates and activates lymphoid immunity linked to innate immunity such as Th17 and Th1, or Treg.
- innate immunity receptors such as TLR, NLR and RIG
- innate immune response cells including macrophages, natural killer cells, and natural killer T cells.
- lymphoid immunity linked to innate immunity such as Th17 and Th1, or Treg.
- the anticancer action, antibacterial action, antiviral action, and anti-inflammatory action are enhanced, resulting from CTL runaway Reduces autoimmunity.
- vertebrate innate immune receptors include TLR (Toll-like-receptor), NLR (Nod-like-receptor), and RLR (RIG-like-receptor) inside and outside the cell
- TLR Toll-like-receptor
- NLR Nod-like-receptor
- RLR RLR
- ligands substances produced by the decomposition of bacteria and viruses
- pattern recognition ligands
- Multiple ligands are generated depending on the type of bacteria or virus to be decomposed. Generally, the generated substances and their concentrations are different, so the patterns recognized by the combination of these ligand groups are slightly different and identified. Have been immune response.
- TLR-1 & 2 TLR-6 & 2, TLR-4 & MD-2, and TLR-5 act on the cell membrane and are degraded by lysosomal enzymes in endosomes and phagocytes.
- Degraded fragments of bacterial and viral nucleic acids DNA and RNA
- TLR-3, TLR-7, TLR-8, and TLR-9 TLR-3, TLR-7, TLR-8, and TLR-9.
- NLR receptors that detect low molecular weight degradation products of bacteria such as NOD1, NOD2, NALP3, NAIP5, and IPAF, which are receptors that detect low molecular weight degradation products of bacteria. Detecting RIG and MDA-5 are working.
- innate immunity receptors are interleukins for various antibacterials and I-type interferons (IFN- ⁇ family, INF- ⁇ and INF- ⁇ ), or a similar substance, is released to allow neighboring cells to sense. And the cell group that senses it protects the ally cell group from external enemies by simultaneously releasing antibacterial substances such as defensin, cathelicidin, dermicidin and hundreds of antiviral substances called ISG. .
- IFN- ⁇ family INF- ⁇ and INF- ⁇
- the second role of innate immune receptors is to activate phagocytic cells present in multicellular organisms with intestinal tracts. Phagocytic cells develop as cells that are responsible for moving innate immunity, and macrophages and neutrophils play a role in humans. Macrophages in particular play an important role as immunity commanders. When the receptors, which are innate immunity sensors, are stimulated, macrophages, neutrophils, and their friends are activated and fight against external enemies such as bacteria and viruses.
- lymphoid immune system In vertebrates other than lampreys and white eels, an immune system that distinguishes self and non-self in the lymphocyte system has developed and reinforces the immune system. Particularly in mammals, this lymphoid immune system has been enhanced and strengthened on the basis of the complement system. On the other hand, he suffered from allergic diseases and autoimmune diseases.
- IL-12 which differentiates T cells
- Interleukins such as IL-6, IL-4, and TGF- ⁇ and IL-1 ⁇ that activates differentiated T cells, IL-23, IL-2, and IL-2 that suppresses the activity of differentiated T cells, IL- 25, IL-27, IL-6, etc. are secreted according to the results of their pattern recognition.
- LPS LPS
- R-848 imidaquinoline
- flangerin is a ligand that activates TLR5.
- imidaquinoline and R-848 produce different types of IFN- ⁇ with the same TLR7 activity
- imidaquinoline is used as a therapeutic agent for HPV (papillomavirus)
- R-848 is used as a therapeutic agent for HHV (herpeswillis). It has been broken. This shows that the activity of the same receptor varies depending on the ligand.
- MDP muramyl dipeptide
- MDP-Lys has become a pharmaceutical as an adjuvant. Recently, it has attracted renewed attention by activating NLR, but it is not used alone, and it has been found that its ligand effect can be enhanced by combining with other ligands such as LPS and lipid A.
- Patent Document 1 discovered that IL-10 is unexpectedly produced by a complex ligand made from a combination of IL-12-producing bacteria and yeast, and IL-12-nonproducing bacteria and yeast. is doing.
- the composite ligand brings about a synergistic effect not found in a single ligand, and by dispersing the points of action, if the ligand called LPS (endotoxin) is harmful, the risk can be dispersed.
- LPS endotoxin
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an effective composition (ligand or adjuvant) having no cytotoxicity. More specifically, to provide a highly safe composition (ligand or adjuvant) having an antibacterial effect that does not induce inflammatory diseases, an antiviral effect, an anticancer effect, and an anti-inflammatory effect including suppression of CTL runaway. Objective.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a low molecular composition (low molecular ligand) that can easily penetrate the cell membrane.
- the ability to easily permeate the cell membrane means that it is possible to complexly stimulate innate immune receptors sterically present on the cell surface, the endosome inside the cell, and the cytoplasm.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a composition (ligand) that sterically stimulates an innate immune receptor. This is because by realizing a three-dimensional composition (ligand), the synergistic effect can be expected, and the safety can be further enhanced. Furthermore, by reducing the molecular weight, it is possible to provide an immunoactive agent that can be easily absorbed from the intestinal tract and skin. In addition, a composition (ligand) that is not attacked by antibodies because of its low molecular weight can be realized, and can also be used as an injection.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a composition that can be used as an adjuvant.
- Mitarai one of the inventors of the present invention, collected aerobic soil fungi in a forest in the mountains near Saiki City, Oita Prefecture, and cultivated for many years. As a result of repeated research and experimentation, the present invention has been completed.
- the present inventors gave a low molecular weight degradation product obtained by degrading the cells of the symbiotic bacteria group to a diseased HIV patient, the condition was remarkably improved, and CD4, which is an index of the onset of AIDS. It was found that the number of symbiotic fungi increased significantly in a short period of less than one month and all were well.
- the degradation products of the MRE symbiotic group can enhance innate immunity in the patient and treat the disease. That is, the present invention provides an innate immunity enhancing composition containing a degradation product of the MRE symbiotic bacteria group that can enhance the immunity of a subject.
- an immunopotentiating composition that enhances immunity of a subject by stimulating innate immunity, comprising Bacillus sp. (Bacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11209), Lysinibacillus fusiformis (FERM BP-11206), Bacillus sonorensis (Bacillus sonorensis), Ricinibacillus sp. (Lysinibacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11207), and Comamonas sp.
- At least 98% by weight or more of the immunostimulatory substance is a hydrophilic low molecular weight substance having an average molecular weight of 1,000 Da or less.
- the immunostimulatory substance activates macrophages, natural killer cells, or natural killer T cells.
- the immunostimulatory substance activates dendritic cells, microglia cells, Langerhans cells, or Kupffer cells.
- the immunostimulatory substance activates epithelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, or osteoblasts.
- the immunostimulatory substance differentiates or activates Th17 or Th1.
- the immunostimulatory substance enhances IL-21 production.
- the immunostimulatory substance is a culture condition suitable for growing one or more fungi selected from the MRE symbiotic bacteria group. It is preferable that it is obtained by cultivating under the condition that the obtained culture solution is starved and aerated.
- the immune enhancement composition in such an immune enhancement composition, is used as an anti-inflammatory agent in a subject suffering from an allergic disease or an autoimmune disease. .
- the allergic disease or autoimmune disease can be selected from the group consisting of temporomandibular arthritis, ulcerative colitis, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis.
- the immunopotentiating composition in such an immunopotentiating composition, is used as an adjuvant of a vaccine against pathogenic bacteria or pathogenic viruses.
- the pathogenic bacterium or the pathogenic virus can be selected from the group consisting of opportunistic bacteria, HIV, HCV, and HPV.
- the immune enhancement composition is liver cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, malignant lymphoma.
- a medicine or animal medicine for treating or preventing a subject suffering from a disease selected from the group consisting of diabetes, high blood pressure, wound, ligament injury, fracture, low temperature burn, acne, flying mosquito disease, humiliation wound, urticaria It is what is used.
- the immune enhancing composition in such an immune enhancing composition, is used as a food or feed.
- a method for producing an immune enhancing composition that enhances immunity of a subject by stimulating innate immunity comprising Bacillus sp. (Bacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11209), Lysinibacillus fusiformis (FERM BP-11206), Bacillus sonorensis (Bacillus sonorensis), Ricinibacillus sp. (Lysinibacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11207), and Comamonas sp.
- the decomposing step includes culturing the prepared one or more fungi under culture conditions suitable for growth, and obtaining the obtained culture. This is done by placing the liquid in a starved state and performing aeration.
- a method for treating or preventing a mammal suffering from a disease related to innate immunity comprising Bacillus sp. (Bacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11209), Lysinibacillus fusiformis (FERM BP-11206), Bacillus sonorensis (Bacillus sonorensis), Ricinibacillus sp. (Lysinibacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11207), and Comamonas sp.
- a therapeutically effective immunopotentiating composition having as an active ingredient an immunostimulatory substance produced by degrading one or more fungi selected from the MRE symbiotic fungus group
- a method comprising the steps of providing an amount and administering to the mammal a therapeutically effective amount of the prepared immune enhancing composition.
- the mammal in such a method, is a human.
- the administering step is performed orally.
- the administering step is performed parenterally.
- the parenteral administration step is selected from intravascular administration, peri-tissue and intra-tissue injection, subcutaneous injection, ophthalmic administration, nasal administration, transdermal administration, and mucosal administration. It is preferable.
- the disease associated with innate immunity is allergic disease or autoimmunity including temporomandibular arthritis, ulcerative colitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis.
- Disease opportunistic bacteria, pathogenic bacteria or pathogenic virus related diseases including HIV, HCV, and HPV, liver cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, malignant lymphoma, diabetes, hypertension, It can be selected from the group consisting of wounds, ligament injuries, fractures, cold burns, acne, mosquitoes, humiliation wounds, urticaria.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the process by which naive T cells differentiate into Th17, Th1, Th2, and Treg.
- FIG. 2 is a graph of IL-21 production test using human blood. A comparison is made of IL-21 production concentrations when 5 persons A to E are unstimulated (Control) and a 6% dilution of MRE beverage is added.
- FIG. 3 is a graph of an IFN- ⁇ production test using human blood. A comparison is made of the production concentration of IFN- ⁇ when AD is added to 4 persons (Control) and 6% dilution of MRE beverage.
- FIG. 4 is a graph of a TNF- ⁇ production test using macrophages alone.
- FIG. 5 is a graph of an IFN- ⁇ production test using human blood. A comparison is made of the production concentrations of IFN- ⁇ when AD is added to 4 people's unstimulated (Control) and a 6% dilution of MRE beverage.
- an immune enhancing composition that effectively enhances immune functions including innate immunity activity using a low molecular weight immunostimulatory substance generated by cell degradation of MRE symbiotic bacteria. can do.
- the MRE symbiotic bacteria group is Bacillus sp. (Bacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11209), Lysinibacillus fusiformis (FERM BP-11206), Bacillus sonorensis (Bacillus sonorensis), Ricinibacillus sp. (Lysinibacillus sp.) (FERM BP-11207), and Comamonas sp. (Comamonas sp.) (FERM BP-11208), both of which are aerobic bacteria.
- the “small molecule” used in the present invention means a molecule having a molecular weight that can pass through the cell membrane and affect the inside of the cell.
- a low molecular weight peptide is obtained by decomposing a MRE symbiotic bacterial group consisting of an aerobic Gram-positive bacterial group and an aerobic Gram-negative bacterial group with a lysosomal enzyme group or a lysosome-like enzyme group.
- a low-molecular-weight immunostimulatory substance that can permeate into the cell membrane can be obtained, which is composed of a microbial degradation product including a sugar chain, a glycolipid, a low-molecular-weight nucleic acid degradation product, and the like.
- this immunostimulatory substance can permeate the cell membrane, not only the TLR receptor group existing on the cell membrane surface, but also the internal TLR receptor group existing in the endosome and the food package, and the bacterial sensitive NLR existing deep in the cell Receptors and virus-sensitive RLR receptors are also reached, and deep steric ligand stimulation is given to innate immune response cells.
- the immunostimulatory substance obtained by microbial decomposition of this MRE symbiotic fungus group is a substance having a hydrophilic molecular weight of 3,000 or less, and an oligopeptide or oligosaccharide chain containing an MDP-like substance and It is composed of components such as single-stranded RNA, and is a low-molecular-weight ligand component having no cytotoxicity that cannot be obtained by a general digestive enzyme such as a so-called protease. Therefore, the immune enhancing composition obtained from this MRE symbiotic fungus group can function as a ligand in vivo.
- the “immunity enhancing composition” obtained from the MRE symbiotic bacteria group as described above may be referred to as “MRE complex ligand” for convenience.
- MRE complex ligand both are consent or synonymous.
- the “ligand” used in the present invention refers to a substance that activates a receptor by specifically binding to an immune receptor or the like, and the composite ligand refers to a mixture or a combination of a plurality of ligands. It shall be said. Moreover, acting as an adjuvant is also included in the “ligand”.
- the MRE complex ligand (immunity enhancing composition, hereinafter the same) according to the present invention stimulates the innate immune receptor inside and outside the cell, macrophages, dendritic cells, Kupffer cells, microglia cells, Langerhans cells, natural killer cells, natural killer It is possible to activate immune cells of the innate immune system such as T cells and epithelial cells of mucous membranes and skin, fibroblasts, and perine cells present in the intestinal tract.
- this activation produces type I interferon, and the release of this interferon simultaneously produces antibacterial and antiviral substances from neighboring cells.
- T cells which are lymphocytes can be differentiated and activated into states of Th1 and TH17 that enhance antibacterial power, antiviral power, and anticancer power.
- the MRE complex ligand according to the present invention can produce IL-21 having a function of suppressing autoimmunity from TH17 or the like.
- the present invention can provide an immune enhancement composition having a novel low-molecular-weight immunostimulatory substance having antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory effects and subsequent autoimmune suppression effects, thereby
- the present invention solves the problems related to the present invention described above.
- the present invention is a group of MRE symbiotic bacteria that produce an excellent immunostimulatory substance that exhibits a sufficient effect by cell decomposition without culturing at a high concentration as described above.
- a novel symbiotic group of microorganisms is discovered, and an immune enhancing composition using the same is provided.
- this MRE symbiotic bacteria group is comprised from five types of bacteria which consist of aerobic gram positive bacteria and aerobic gram negative bacteria. These fungi are not just a mixture of naturally occurring fungi, but have been cultivated for a long time with various soil fungi and fungi attached to marine products. It is a group of symbiotic fungi consisting of five distinctive fungi that have found their role sharing with each other, and have changed and appeared stably with the mutation or evolution of the fungus.
- Bacillus sp. which is an aerobic Gram-positive bacterium.
- Bacillus sp. (Accession number FERM BP-11209, Identification number MK-005), Lysinibacillus fusiformis (Accession number FERM BP-11206, Identification number MK-001), Bacillus sonorensis Baconis sulens cis number MK-004), Ricinibacillus sp. (Lysinibacillus sp.) (Accession Number FERM BP-11207, Identification Number MK-002), and the aerobic Gram-negative bacterium Comamonas sp. (Comomanas sp.) (Accession number FERM BP-11208, identification number MK-003).
- deposit number FERM BP-11206 (transferred from deposit number FERM P-21548 deposited on March 19, 2008), deposit number FERM BP-11207 (deposit deposited on March 19, 2008) No. FERM P-21549), accession number FERM BP-11208 (transferred from deposit number FERM P-21550 deposited on March 19, 2008), accession number FERM BP-11209 (February 2, 2009) (Transferred from deposit number FERM P-21760 deposited on the day) is a bacterium deposited at the biological depository center of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
- the MRE symbiotic bacteria group according to the present invention can be grown under any conditions as long as they are in an environment in which they can grow.
- the MRE symbiotic bacteria group can be cultured under conditions normally used in the field of molecular biology. It can grow. For example, as will be described later, in a culture aeration tank, while performing aeration (aeration), in addition to a nutrient source of 10 kg of fish meal, 10 kg of rice bran, 5 kg of oil residue, 1 kg of gravy, and further in the presence of minerals such as magnesium sulfate, The cells can be cultured at a pH of 6.0 to 6.8, a culture temperature of 25 ° C.
- the nutrient source is 5 kg of fish meal, 5 kg of rice bran, 2.5 kg of oil residue, and 0.5 kg of gravy.
- the culture conditions of the MRE symbiotic bacteria group according to the present invention are not limited to these setting conditions.
- MRE symbiotic fungal group proceeds to the stage where gene exchange is activated, and Bacillus sp. It has been mutated and evolved to a mysterious cell that is close to cell fusion.
- the 16S rDNA of each bacterium constituting the MRE symbiotic bacterium is as follows.
- these MRE symbiotic bacteria can be cultured by the same method as known aerobic Bacillus bacteria. It is possible even in a culture plate of a general agar medium (Nutrient Aga) or in an aerated liquid container.
- the first method is a method of obtaining a low-molecular complex ligand by decomposing an MRE symbiotic group with a lysosomal enzyme group.
- the second method is a method of decomposing by a primitive lysosomal homologous mother cell thawing enzyme group that appears in the spor formation process of the MRE symbiotic bacteria group to obtain a low molecular complex ligand.
- the reason for adopting these methods is that a normal digestive enzyme or a degrading enzyme such as an ordinary protease cannot obtain a ligand having a molecular weight necessary to permeate the cell membrane.
- enzymes secreted by animal lysosomes, plant vacuoles and fruits have the ability to break down organelles and high-molecular substances in cells into low molecules in bulk.
- the lysosomal enzymes are autophagy for decomposing and rejuvenating old organelles in cells, and enzymes that appear at the final stage of apoptosis of cancer cells and virus-infected cells, especially bacteria that have invaded cells. It is known to play an active role in decomposing within the endosome.
- the homologous enzyme group is known to appear in the process of autophagy and apoptosis of animals, plants and microorganisms. In plants, it is called a processing enzyme, and it is also a group of enzymes that appear in the process of formation of no vacuoles or fruits. These enzyme groups break down the cells into small molecules that can penetrate the cell membrane.
- the lysosomal enzyme group according to the present invention includes ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease which are nucleolytic enzymes, cathepsin L which is a collagenase, cathepsin D and cathepsin E which are aspartic proteases, cathepsin K and cathepsin B which are cysteine proteases, In addition to cathepsin S, cathepsin G, which is a serine protease, cathepsin H, which is an aminopeptidase, and other proteolytic enzymes having powerful and multifunctional functions, in addition to arylsulfatase, ⁇ -glucurosidase, esterase, acid phosphatase, For chain degrading enzymes, ⁇ -galactosidase, ⁇ -hexosaminidase A and B, allylsulfatase A, galactositol ceramidase, glucosyl
- lysosomal enzymes are weakly acidic (PH 6.3 to PH 6.8) and have the property of increasing the activity in a high temperature region (38 ° C. to 42 ° C.) where the activity of normal digestive enzymes is suppressed. Further, many of them have a very high decomposing power, and there are those having a decomposing power 5,000 times to 10,000 times that of a normal digestive enzyme.
- the first method for obtaining an MRE complex ligand from the MRE symbiotic fungal group according to the present invention is a method using a combination of cell wall degrading enzymes, cathepsins and nucleolytic enzymes from these lysosomal enzyme groups.
- Muratase, mucopeptide hydrolase and the like are used as cell wall degrading enzymes
- cathepsin B, cathepsin D, cathepsin L and cathepsin K or hapain are used as cathepsins
- ribonuclease and deoxyribonuclease are used as nucleases.
- the These enzymes can be made by gene integration into DNA or plasmids, but they can cause fish (including eels) to self-decompose in a sterile, high-temperature (38-45 ° C), humid environment. Can also be obtained. It can also be obtained by using a group of lysosomal enzymes produced when a fruit such as hapain is ripened.
- this first method has the advantage that the cell degradation can be adjusted by changing the blend ratio of various enzymes, but at the present time, the enzymes are expensive and difficult to handle, requiring special equipment. Some of them have the disadvantage of high costs.
- the second method for obtaining a low-molecular complex ligand from the MRE symbiotic fungus group is a method in which a primitive mother cell lytic enzyme released during the formation of spores is used as it is. Although the ratio of the enzyme formulation cannot be changed, mass production at an extremely low cost is possible and an excellent ligand can be obtained.
- This method is a method for obtaining a low-molecular-weight complex ligand by utilizing a mother cell lytic enzyme group, which is released along with the spore of the MRE symbiotic bacteria group, for cell decomposition.
- the “maternal cell lytic enzyme group” or “mother cell lytic enzyme” used in the present invention refers to a lysosomal homologous enzyme group produced in the process of forming spores of fungal cells.
- the MRE symbiotic bacteria group is added to the mixed culture solution, and fish meal, rice bran, oil residue, gravy, etc. and minerals such as magnesium sulfate are added to the nutrients of the fungus.
- a culture medium culture is performed at a culture pH of 6.0 to 6.8 at a culture temperature of 25 ° C. to 35 ° C. under culture conditions with sufficient aeration (aeration: dissolved oxygen concentration of 0.1 mg / L to 1.0 mg / L). .
- a digestive enzyme group secreted from the vegetative cell is constructed by constructing a symbiotic relationship between the bacterium and a stable symbiotic vegetative cell state. It is separated into another aeration culture tank together with this culture solution. Continue aeration without giving any nutrients other than silica in this aerated culture tank. Autophagosome homologous mother cell lysis of the symbiotic MRE bacteria group begins, and the lysosomal homologous mother cell thawing enzyme group is released, and the fungal mother cells are decomposed in bulk and disappear.
- the spores start to precipitate all at once, and a transparent supernatant is obtained.
- the supernatant thus obtained is filtered under pressure with a 0.2 ⁇ m membrane to remove residual spores, and then fine pores and impurities are further removed with a 0.02 ⁇ m filter.
- an effective low molecular weight MRE complex ligand can be obtained by utilizing the mother cell thawing enzyme group during the formation of spores of the MRE symbiotic cell group. Also, continuous production is possible by devising the separation process.
- MRE complex ligand in the MRE symbiotic fungus, a sufficiently effective MRE complex ligand can be obtained without producing a high concentration, but a high concentration production is also possible. In that case, repeated vegetative cell formation and sporing will cause vegetative cells to absorb complex ligands, resulting in poor efficiency and increased antibiotic production. It is. It has already been known that it is more efficient to give silica nourishment during sporation.
- the low molecular weight complex ligand thus obtained includes oligopeptides having the following molecular weight distribution, single-stranded RNA low molecular weight degradation products, oligosaccharide chains and glycolipids, MDP (muramyl dipeptide) analogues, and Flangelin degradation products are included.
- the molecular weight distribution of the MRE complex ligand is shown in Table 2 below.
- the MRE complex ligand of the present invention is less than 1000 hydrophilic low molecular weight substances including oligopeptides, oligosaccharide chains, oligo-level nucleic acids, as well as glycopeptides and glycolipids in the oligo region. It is configured.
- the small complex ligand thus obtained has no toxicity like endotoxin, and since it is a small molecule, it is not directly attacked by the antibody.
- the endotoxin test that can detect the presence of LPS and peptidoglycan has shown that the MRE complex ligand does not contain LPS and peptidoglycan, as a result of being below the detection limit.
- the MRE complex ligand does not contain LPS and peptidoglycan, as a result of being below the detection limit.
- a ligand with extremely low toxicity can be obtained by lowering the molecular weight in this way, there is an important advantage that it can be absorbed as a beverage because it can be absorbed from the intestinal tract and the mucous membrane. Since it is hydrophilic and has a molecular weight of an oligo region, it can theoretically be absorbed from the skin.
- human blood immune cell groups (macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, NK cells, NKT cells, T cell groups, B cell groups, etc.) are isolated and antibodies are produced for the amount of each cytokine produced by the MRE complex ligand. I investigated using.
- the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution used contains 80 ⁇ g / ml of the MRE complex ligand-containing low molecular weight component.
- the production amount of TNF- ⁇ was measured by real-time PCR, and as shown in Table 3, the result was 90.46 times the normal production.
- Med means no stimulation.
- LPSp is endotoxin when stimulated.
- MRE 1/10 is a 10-fold diluted MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution, which is subsequently diluted 100-fold and 1000-fold.
- concentration of LPSp for comparison is 100 ng / ml.
- the amount of TNF- ⁇ produced reached 90.46 times that of normal by stimulation with a 10-fold dilution of the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution, and 7.5 times as much as that of the comparative LSPs. ing. This indicates that the MRE complex ligand has high macrophage activity (see FIG. 4).
- TNF- ⁇ is highly productive, it does not mean that it promotes inflammation. This number only indicates a high ability to activate macrophages.
- the MRE complex ligand can normalize the living body by activating innate immune activity and subsequent immune processes such as antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and tissue repair. In other words, it is an innovative ligand or adjuvant.
- TLR Innate Immune Receptors
- NLR innate immunity receptors
- TLR-7 innate immunity receptors
- TLR-8 NLR-2
- TLR-2 is a receptor for innate immunity existing on the cell surface, and senses peptidoglycan, riboteichoic acid, riboprotein, viral glycoprotein, fungal polysaccharide, etc. of Gram-positive bacteria.
- an MDP-like peptidoglycan degradation product having a molecular weight of 1000 or less acts.
- TLR-7 and TLR-8 are both receptors that exist in the endosomes of cells and sense single-stranded RNA, as well as receptors that sense low molecular weight substances that have been broken down by fungi and viruses. is there.
- the MRE small molecule complex ligand of the present invention seems to detect single-stranded RNA having a molecular weight of 1000 or less. This fact means that the present invention can be expected to have a high adjuvant effect on RNA viruses.
- NLRs including NLR-2 are primitive receptors existing inside cells, and can detect bacteria and viruses that have been decomposed by low molecules.
- NLR-2 is a receptor specifically expressed in APC (antigen presenting cells) such as macrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, and Kupffer cells.
- APC antigen presenting cells
- MRE small molecule complex ligand
- the MRE small molecule complex ligand of the present invention is three-dimensionally sensed by a receptor present on the cell surface, a receptor present on the endosome, a receptor present in the cell and three innate immunity sensors. I understand that.
- MRE complex ligands confirmed macrophage activity and natural killer cell activity, which are the main role of innate immunity in animals, and IL-8 production from macrophages that induces neutrophil migration.
- Neutrophils are one of innate immune phagocytes.
- the NO production ability is 0.446 ⁇ M in the non-stimulated culture solution, whereas the NO production ability is obtained in the 10-fold dilution of the stock solution containing the MRE complex ligand. 24.059 ⁇ M, which is larger than 18.712 ⁇ M with a 0.1 ng / ml solution of LPSp.
- the number of viable cells decreases as the concentration increases in LPS, whereas the number of viable cells increases as the concentration increases in the MRE complex ligand. This is an excellent point as an MRE complex ligand, which means that it is advantageous because it enhances immunity while increasing the survival rate of immune cells when used as an adjuvant.
- the plate adhesion rate of macrophages was stained with crystal violet, and the absorbance at 570 nm was used as an indicator of the number of viable cells.
- natural killer cells also obtained an average of 1.73 times (56.2 / Very High) in the NK activation test of the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution using human blood.
- “Process to apoptosis” is a series of apoptosis in which FADD is triggered by apoptosis and caspase 8 enzyme and caspase 10 enzyme are activated to induce a group of apoptotic degradation enzymes such as cathepsin D and cathepsin B which are execution unit enzymes. It is a process that causes
- the expression of AP1 of the gene group that induces apoptosis is at a normal level, JUN (normally 6.77409 times) that suppresses apoptosis is expressed, and cytochrome C that causes apoptosis is expressed from mitochondria. It was confirmed that the gene SOD2 (a normal 8.9963 times) that protects against release was also expressed to prevent apoptosis.
- Antiviral substance production process is one of the processes of innate immunity, and TRAM and TRIF are expressed by stimulating TLR3, TLR7, TLR8 and RGR. Followinged by a series of process activities such as IKK activity, IRAK3, IRAK7 activity, etc. As a result, type I INF- ⁇ (now known in 13 types) and INF- ⁇ Is produced and released extracellularly. This process is thought to be a mechanism created in the single-cell era, but in humans and the like, the release of these interferons causes ISG, an antiviral substance, from nearby cells such as epithelial cells and mucosal cells (known in hundreds). Are released all at once.
- This process is also a natural role of innate immunity, and it is known that the combination of ISG, which is an antiviral substance produced depending on the stimulation pattern, varies.
- antiviral substances such as IFIT1, G1P3, G1P2, OAS1, M1X1, IFIH1, IFIT3, RIG-I, GBP1, LAMP3, IRF7, ISGF3G, WARS, PSMBS, BTC, SOCS1, and SERPING1 are released. It has an antiviral effect to cope with the mutation.
- MRE complex ligands prior activation of this process allows for the powerful production of type I interferons immediately upon infection with viruses such as influenza, effectively enhancing antiviral power. In other words, the adjuvant effect is extremely high.
- Table 6 shows how much the expression of the type I interferon gene is increased by the MRE complex ligand in the absence of viral infection using comprehensive DNA dynamics analysis.
- the amount of INF- ⁇ produced is further increased in the measurement of type I interferon production by the MRE complex ligand using fresh human blood collected (see FIG. 3).
- the MRE complex ligand has an effect without side effects even as an adjuvant for an antivirus.
- dendritic cells that are macrophage siblings, microglial cells, Kupffer cells, Langerhans cells, fibrotic cells, epithelial cells and keratinocytes that express the same innate immune receptors, trachea, digestive tract, and ureter.
- the activation of innate immune response cells placed in each organ including the same also occurs.
- E. Inflammation initiation and delayed inflammation suppression process antibacterial, anticancer, inflammatory repair process This process is from the stimulation of innate immune receptors to the production of interleukins that activate T cells. It consists of a process.
- I- ⁇ B is separated from NF- ⁇ B through activation of MYD88, IRAK1, IRAK4, TRAF6, and the like, and NF- ⁇ B is activated by TLR receptor stimulation.
- the NLR receptor stimulated by the ligand is paired, and RICK is bound through the NLR CARD. Then, ubiquitination occurs in RICK, and a complex such as TAK1 or MEMO further binds, activates IKK ⁇ , separates I- ⁇ B from NF- ⁇ B, and activates NF- ⁇ B.
- activated NF- ⁇ B works by binding to DNA together with AP-1 to produce chemokines including IL-1 ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ , and IL-8. Then, at the end of the first stage, the process shifts to the second stage by producing I ⁇ B- ⁇ which is the trigger (trigger) of the second stage.
- I ⁇ B- ⁇ is added to NF- ⁇ B and AP-1 acting on DNA to produce IL-12p40, IL-6, and others, thereby controlling the immunity of the T lymphocyte system.
- Table 8 shows the results of gene expression in the first stage process by comprehensive DNA dynamic analysis when stimulated with MRE complex ligand using human macrophages. This result was consistent with the result of real-time PCR analysis.
- the first-stage activation process by MRE complex ligand captures the moment when chemokines including IL-1 ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ , and IL-8 are actively produced and is delayed in the inflammatory process. This represents a situation in which the gene expression of NF- ⁇ B has decreased due to the increased momentum of the activation of the inflammation-suppressing gene group that suppresses the NF- ⁇ B action that begins.
- JUN and SOD2 are expressed in order to block the apoptosis induction of their cells by TNA- ⁇ , etc., and SOCS3 prevents excessive progression of inflammation by receiving stimulation more than necessary from innate immune receptors. .
- PDLIM2 which has the function of ubiquitinating excess NF- ⁇ B and decomposing it with proteasome, does not need to operate, and was a normal value of 1.0721337.
- Delayed type inflammation suppression The delayed type inflammation suppression gene group which delays to a 1st stage and suppresses inflammation expresses. These genes suppress the functions of NF- ⁇ B and AP-1. That is, it was revealed by this MRE complex ligand analysis that the inflammation suppression process progresses behind the inflammatory process.
- TNFAIP6 is a gene that strongly suppresses NF- ⁇ B, has a strong anti-inflammatory effect that controls TNF- ⁇ production, and is expressed at a value as high as 37.0424 times.
- TNFAIP3 is also a gene that suppresses the expression of NF- ⁇ B and AP-1, which is also 18.8308 times higher.
- JUN, SOD2, and SOCS3 are working.
- the second stage process is triggered by I- ⁇ B- ⁇ . Since a large number of NF- ⁇ B and AP-1 have already worked by binding to nucleic acids, the delayed inflammation inhibitory gene group is activated and the new supply of NF- ⁇ B and AP-1 is reduced.
- cytokines that bind to NF- ⁇ B already bound to nucleic acid and control T cells together with AP-1 already bound to nucleic acid triggered by newly created I ⁇ B- ⁇ Is produced and secreted.
- cytokines such as “IL-12p40”, “IL-6 and IL-23p19” are produced in M1 activity, and “IL-4”, “TGF- ⁇ and IL-2” are produced in M2 activity.
- IL-12p40 becomes IL-12
- IL-23p19 becomes IL-23 by binding to p35 that is always produced in the cell.
- Table 10 shows gene expression at the start of the second stage by MRE complex ligand stimulation.
- the I- ⁇ B- ⁇ trigger increased rapidly to 20.115 times the normal level, and the production of NF- ⁇ B and AP-1 decreased due to enhanced expression of inflammation-inhibiting genes. is there.
- IL-6, IL-23p19 and IL-12p40 are expressed by the rapid increase in the expression of I ⁇ B- ⁇ . Production has started, and it has risen to 1.4 to 1.8 times the normal value. As can be seen from this, the MRE complex ligand clearly expresses M1 activity. This is supported by the fact that IL-23 production from human blood using the MRE complex ligand is 2.11 times the normal value, which will be described later.
- the MRE complex ligand induces macrophages and their siblings microglia, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, Kupffer cells, etc. to M1 activity and exerts antibacterial and antiviral effects. It also activates phagocytic activity on the remains of apoptotic cancer cells.
- M1 activity of macrophages is switched to M2 activity using low molecular weight degradation products of bacteria and viruses as signals. It is considered.
- M2 activity is a post-treatment process that suppresses inflammation and activates fibroblasts to repair tissues destroyed by inflammation and the like. The examples suggest that the MRE complex ligand plays an important role in this M2.
- the MRE complex ligand is resistant to inflammatory diseases including allergic diseases and autoimmune diseases, apart from the M1 activity process that develops antibacterial, antiviral, or anticancer effects. It has become clear that it has an excellent property of simultaneously proceeding with inflammatory processes.
- T cells Differentiation of T cells by MRE complex ligand and subsequent process activity As shown in FIG. 1, four groups of cytokines released from activated macrophages and their siblings are T17, Treg, Th1, and Th2. Control 4 states.
- Macrophage M1 activity induces Th17 and Th1, and macrophage M2 activity induces Treg or Th2.
- the MRE complex ligand according to the present invention has been found to have a property of inducing Th17 and Treg and suppressing the induction of Th1 and Th2.
- IL-12p40 and IL-23p19 in a group of cytokines produced through a series of processes by innate immune receptor stimulation bind to p35 resident in the cells, and IL-12 and IL- 23.
- IL-12 differentiates and activates naive T cells (CD4) into Th1.
- IL-6 differentiates naive T cells (CD4) into Th17, and IL-23 and IL-1 ⁇ activate Th17.
- IL-4 differentiates and activates naive T cells (CD4) into Th2.
- TGF- ⁇ differentiates naive T cells (CD4) into Tregs and IL-2 activates Tregs.
- Th1 and Th17 processes following the M1 activity have antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and allergic effects, and the Th2 following the M2 activity leads to an allergic reaction process. It has the role of repair and autoimmune suppression (immune tolerance).
- Th1 produces INF ⁇ by the action of IL-12. Activates phagocytosis and migration of macrophages, natural killer cells, and natural killer T cells. Produces free radicals such as NO and enhances intracellular bactericidal power.
- CTL killer T cell
- a process of eliminating bacteria and viruses parasitic in the cells is induced. It is mainly an antibacterial and antiviral process independent of antibodies. It is also a process that causes cell-killing autoimmune diseases and delayed allergies.
- Th2 produces IL-4 and IL-13, and releases IgE antibody from B cells via CD4-T cells.
- IgE works to eliminate large organisms such as parasites by secreting histamine from mast cells and basophils. It is also known to induce delayed allergic diseases such as nasal congestion by producing IL-5 to release EPO from eosinophils.
- Th17 produces IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, IL-21 and the like by the action of IL-1 and IL-23.
- it enhances the phagocytosis of neutrophils, releases antibacterial substances such as defensin mainly from epithelial cells and neutrophils, and strengthens the epithelial barrier through the reconstruction of the extracellular matrix.
- production of IL-21 has been confirmed, and a new process has been elucidated (see Non-Patent Document 3).
- Treg characterizes intestinal immunity and is considered to be a process induced by TGF- ⁇ to produce IL-10 and induce inflammation suppression and immune tolerance.
- the intestinal tract with a large number of enteric bacteria is usually kept in a Treg state so that lymphocyte immunity does not run away, and its defense is left to the natural immunity of epithelial cells and percellen cells of the mucosa and secreted through the Bayer plate.
- IgA a sex antibody, is secreted into the intestinal tract to control enteric bacteria.
- Treg is also known to suppress inflammation by apoptosis or suppression of B cells secreting Th1 and IgE causing allergy and CTL (killer T cells) causing autoimmune diseases.
- MRE complex ligand In the MRE complex ligand, IL-23p19 and IL-12p40 increased, IL-4 did not change, and TGF- ⁇ rather decreased, as shown in the results of the previous table, following the process of M1 activity of macrophages. Therefore, Th17 and Th1 were activated, and Th2 and Treg were not activated. In addition, since the MRE complex ligand suppresses inflammation such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, it is considered that the Treg normalization process by the MRE complex ligand in the actual intestinal tract also contributes to inflammation suppression and immune tolerance. It is done.
- Table 11 shows the results of measuring the amount of IL-23 produced by stimulating the collected human blood with MRE complex ligand under controlled conditions.
- the amount of IL-23 produced by the MRE complex ligand-containing solution increased by an average of 1.92 times the average, and the interesting fact is that the older the age, the higher the value of IL-23. Accordingly, the MRE complex ligand increases M1 activity of macrophages and the like, and subsequently activates Th17 and Th1, thereby enhancing cellular immunity and humoral immunity and exerting antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer effects. This is consistent with clinical trials including those shown in the examples.
- MRE complex ligands activate genes of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ , IL-8 very strongly, and also activate Th17 and Th1 processes Nevertheless, a contradiction has arisen between the data of molecular physiology and clinical observations that why beverages containing MRE complex ligands can significantly improve jaw inflammation, ulcerative colitis, inflammation of atopy, etc.
- the inventors made extensive studies focusing on the comprehensive DNA dynamics analysis of macrophages using DNA arrays and the time series transition of cytokine production using human blood. As a result, it was confirmed that the MRE complex ligand expresses a new immune process not found in conventional ligands such as LPS. The first point is the inhibitory action of IL-18 production by the MRE complex ligand. According to the DNA dynamic analysis this time, it was found that the MRE complex ligand suppressed IL-18 production as shown in Table 12. This was a remarkable discovery.
- IL-18 is a cytokine that is deeply involved in inflammatory diseases, and caspase 1 is produced by stimulation of M1 ligands such as conventional LPS, and this caspase 1 cleaves the precursor of IL-18 to produce IL-18 To do.
- IL-18 acts on Th1 cells and NK cells in the presence of IL-12 to strongly induce INF- ⁇ production. This is because IL-12 increases IL-18 receptor in Th1 cells and NK cells.
- INF- ⁇ produced by Th1 cells promotes the production of IL-12 and IL-18 from macrophages, which further stimulates Th1 cells to form a cycle that continuously expands inflammation. Become.
- both IL-12 and IL-18 are elevated.
- IL-18 As a characteristic of IL-18, it is known that severe production of organ damage and autoimmune diseases occur in the intestine and liver when IL-12, IL-23 and IL-18 are overproduced simultaneously. Conversely, in the presence of IL-2 and IL-18, production of IL-4 and IL-13 is promoted and IgE production occurs due to activation of the Th2 process, and histamine is released from mast cells and basophils. . Subsequently, when IL-5 is produced, EPO is released from eosinophils, which causes inflammatory diseases such as nasal congestion.
- IL-13 is also known as a cytokine that induces bronchial asthma and pulmonary fibrosis (see Non-Patent Document 4).
- Non-patent Document 6 Atopic dermatitis due to Staphylococcus aureus is considered to be aggravated by a similar mechanism.
- IL-18 is considered to switch Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th17 cells and the like as a trigger to two states of inflammation and non-inflammation.
- Th1 cells cause autoimmune diseases and Th2 cells cause allergic diseases.
- the anti-inflammatory activation process accompanied by a decrease in IL-18 enhances cellular immunity such as intracellular antibacterial action, antiviral action, and anticancer action.
- Th2 cells produce IL-4, IL-13, etc. in the presence of IL-18 to induce allergic diseases.
- IL-18 is low, secretory immune processes are activated so that IgA is secreted from the intestinal tract or mammary gland.
- the trigger of IL-18 also appears in Treg cells, causing allergic symptoms by directly stimulating mast cells and eosinophils without IgE.
- Th17 can also be considered to be branched into a pro-inflammatory process and an anti-inflammatory process using IL-18 as a trigger.
- IL-18 an increase in IL-18 induces inflammatory IL-17A and IL-22 and activates the process of humoral immunity.
- excessive production of IL-17A causes inflammation and causes autoimmune diseases such as chronic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and psoriasis.
- IL-22 is closely related to psoriasis and overproduces hNP-3, which is an ⁇ -defensin.
- IL-17F and IL-21 which suppress inflammation, are induced, and IL-17F activates humoral immune processes that enhance antibacterial and antiviral power, such as activating antibody production and defensin secretion .
- IL-17 is known to promote production of ⁇ -defensins such as HNP1-2 and HNP4-6 from neutrophils and ⁇ -defensins of hBD1-4 from epithelial cells (see Non-Patent Document 7). ).
- MRE complex ligand is expected to suppress inflammation including allergies and autoimmune diseases by suppressing the production of IL-18 that causes inflammation, and is consistent with the results of clinical trials for inflammatory diseases. Yes.
- IL-21 was increased almost twice as much as usual by the MRE complex ligand in a cytokine test measured by collecting human blood (see FIG. 2).
- Clinically it has been confirmed by chance that IL-21 in the blood of a non-Hodgkin-type lymphoma patient (62-year-old woman) taking MRE complex ligand is significantly elevated. It was also confirmed that the patient's metastatic cancer was eradicating and that the original lymphoma was also shrinking.
- IL-21 is a cytokine that enhances the anticancer effect by secreting antiviral substances and proliferating natural killer cells (see Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5; see Examples 8 to 13). It has been reported that it also has a function of causing apoptosis of T cells and B cells that cause ATP (see Patent Document 3).
- IL-21 there is a process in which IL-12 is released from macrophage M1 cells, and IL-12 acts directly on NKT cells (natural, killer T cells) to induce IL-21 production. Is known (see Patent Document 2).
- IL-21 increases as IL-23 increases, and IL-21 may increase in human blood that does not produce IL-12 or IFN- ⁇ . Rather, it was speculated that processes other than the IL-12 to NKT cell activation route mainly worked (see FIGS. 2 and 5). Moreover, in the example of the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, it is used that a single ligand having a large molecular weight acts on a TLR receptor, and the present invention uses a complex low molecular ligand to innate immunity such as NLR inside a cell. It was implied that the principle was completely different from the method of three-dimensional stimulation including receptors.
- Non-patent Document 3 IL-21 production is induced from Th17 by Th17 activity
- Non-Patent Document 8 IL-21 promotes differentiation of Th17 cells
- IL-1 and IL IL-1 and IL
- the MRE complex ligand mainly produces IL-21 by the non-inflammatory activity of Th17 and also uses the route of IL-21 production by NKT cell activity through IL-12 in an auxiliary manner. Can do. Moreover, vertebrates including actual humans are always stimulated by ligands other than the MRE complex ligand, and the two IL-21 production routes are always changed. In that case, the MRE complex ligand has a strong personality as an adjuvant, and exhibits an excellent effect as the adjuvant.
- the cathepsin E gene that appears when macrophages suppress inflammation was also expressed 1.2 times as usual.
- the MRE complex ligand has a surprising function of calming inflammation while maintaining activity in antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer immune processes.
- FGF2 one of the cytokines that promotes tissue repair, is expressed 2.525 times as usual, and has the ability to recover tissue damage early, which is also consistent with clinical trials.
- the MRE complex ligand of the present invention three-dimensionally innate and non-cellular innate immune receptors including macrophages, microglia, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, Kupffer cells, epithelial cells, keratinoids, and fibrotic cells. When activated, it secretes antibacterial and antiviral substances such as defensin and ISG, and also activates NK cells and NKT cells to cause apoptosis of cancer cells and virus resident cells.
- the NF- ⁇ B process is activated in two stages to secrete chemokines including IL-1 ⁇ , TNF- ⁇ , and IL-8, and at the same time produce multiple anti-inflammatory substances and mitochondrial SOD to produce TNF- ⁇ , etc. Prevent cell damage. Furthermore, it produces cytokines of T lymphocytes such as IL-6, IL-12 and IL-23, and differentiates and activates naive T cells into Th17 cells and Th1 cells. MRE complex ligands also suppress IL-18, which triggers various inflammatory diseases, and switch Th17 and Th1 activities to induce non-inflammatory processes. Th17 produces IL-21 and IL-17F by this switching.
- IL-17F activates the humoral immunity process without inflammation to increase antibody production, and also directly secretes innate immunity antibacterial substances, such as defensin and antiviral substances, and has antibacterial and antiviral effects. Demonstrate. Furthermore, the release of IL-12 causes IL-21 to be produced from NKT cells without the production of IFN- ⁇ . These IL-21 directly increases the activity of NK cells and exerts an anticancer effect, and also suppresses autoimmunity by causing apoptosis of T cells and B cells that cause autoimmune diseases.
- Macrophage activity also activates phagocytosis and promotes removal of waste and foreign substances in blood, lymph and tissue fluids.
- the characteristic of the ligand which suppresses inflammation of the present invention enables use as an excellent adjuvant having the property of reducing inflammatory side effects of various vaccines.
- antiviral and antibacterial vaccines such as influenza, vaccine, and plague vaccine, new generation LPS, peptidoglycan, lipoarabinomannan, zymosan, lipopeptide, lipoteico Acid, RSV F protein, fibronectin EDA domain, HSP60, flagellin, unmethylated CpG DNA, double stranded RNA, polyinosin polycytidic acid, imidazoquinoline compound, ⁇ -glucan, Maruyama vaccine, Mycobacterium bovis, and Also included are vaccines of bacterial components comprising a TLR ligand such as OK-432 and a virus associated therewith.
- MRE complex ligands can be used by blending with other immune ligands and immune adjuvants.
- it has good compatibility with sugar chain-based immunologically active components, and those containing sugar chain components such as Ganoderma, Cordyceps sinensis, birch, chitin chitosan, himematsutake, etc. are decomposed to a molecular weight of 8000 or less to form MRE complex ligands.
- an increase in macrophage activity (survival number and NO production) of 49% to 60% was observed. This indicates that the MRE complex ligand can function as an excellent adjuvant.
- Apoptosis is also extremely effective in combination with substances such as red cedar, resveratrol, and quercetin that revive cancer apoptosis.
- Real-time PCR was performed under the following conditions. 1. Cells used in the test solution were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with the addition of antibiotic kanamycin sulfate to fetal bovine serum and ampicillin sodium obtained by deactivating THP-1 cells derived from human peripheral blood monocytes (ECACC No 88081201), The cell concentration was adjusted to 2 ⁇ E6 cells / ml. 2. For cell stimulation, add 1.5 ml each of cell suspension to each well of a 6-well plate as a test solution, determine the negative control and positive control wells, and add the adjusted stimulation sample to the positive control well After shaking well, the mixture was transferred to a 5% carbon dioxide incubator at 37 ° C. and cultured for 3 hours. 3.
- the MRE complex ligand of the present invention activates the process of innate immunity and subsequent acquired immunity of the lymphocyte system, and has a function of suppressing tissue inflammation and enhancing tissue repair ability. Therefore, the MRE complex ligand of the present invention has an antibacterial action, an anticancer action, an antiviral action, an anti-inflammatory action, a tissue repair action, and a waste removal action.
- the TNF- ⁇ production test by real-time PCR revealed that the MRE complex ligand of the present invention is 7.54 times more stimulating than LPS (endotoxin), which has strong innate immune activity. It was. At the same time, the appearance of numerous anti-inflammatory components and the production of mitochondrial SOD revealed that TNA ⁇ does not increase and does not cause cell damage in blood. It was also confirmed that the MRE complex ligand has an excellent characteristic that it is not cytotoxic like LPS. In LPS, the number of surviving macrophages decreased with increasing concentration, whereas the number of surviving macrophages increased with increasing MRE complex ligand concentration.
- the MRE complex ligand of the present invention is an oligo-level small molecule ligand having a low polarity and almost no charge. Therefore, the MRE complex ligand can easily pass through the cell wall, and not only the TRL receptor expressed on the cell surface but also the cell NLR receptors and RLR receptors expressed in the endosomes and present in the cytoplasm can also be stimulated and activated sterically and complexly.
- Such a low-molecular-weight ligand can be easily absorbed from the intestinal wall, and since it is not attacked by antibodies, it can be used for intravenous injection after purifying the active ingredient. This property provides an excellent property and synergistic effect that other ligands do not have, as well as the ability to protect cells and increase cell survival at increasing concentrations.
- Macrophage activity Tables 13 and 14 are obtained by diluting the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution prepared in [Example 1], allowing it to act on human macrophages, and measuring the NO production amount and the number of viable cells of macrophages. is there.
- the NO production of the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution shows a larger value than the NO production of LPS, and in particular, the NO production is 2.19 times higher at 300-fold dilution.
- the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution although the NO value increased, the macrophage viable cell index of the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution increased, and the LPS showed a tendency opposite to the decrease. Yes. Although no numerical value is shown here, it is added that cell damage did not occur even when the concentration of the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution was increased to the osmotic pressure limit. That is, the MRE complex ligand can be said to be an immunoactive agent having a macrophage activity effect that does not cause cell damage but rather increases the survival rate of macrophages.
- the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution has no direct bactericidal action. Therefore, it can be said that the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution does not contain any bactericidal substances including antibiotics, and that all antibacterial effects seen in clinical trials are due to immunity.
- the antibacterial effect of the MRE complex ligand according to the present invention can be summarized as follows. That is, the first is an antibacterial effect by enhancing the phagocytosis of macrophages, and the second is an antibacterial effect by releasing antibacterial substances including defensins from macrophages, epithelial cells, keratinoids and the like. Specifically, it was confirmed that PTX3, which is an antibacterial substance, was released from macrophages by 7.27 times the usual amount.
- the third is an antibacterial effect by enhancing the phagocytic activity of neutrophils via Th17 activity, and the phagocytized bacteria are sterilized by HNP1 to 6 which are ⁇ -defensins present in azurophilic granules of neutrophils. Is done. ⁇ -defensins are used exclusively inside neutrophils because they cause cell damage such as hemolysis.
- hBD1 to 4 as ⁇ -defensins are secreted from epithelial cells and keratinoids by the action of IL-17F produced from Th17 cells.
- Inflammatory IL-22 secretes hBD3 from keratinoids for antibacterial activity, but in psoriasis, IL-22 and hBD3 are oversecreted. Since the MRE complex ligand has no effect of suppressing IL-22, psoriasis cannot be cured and is consistent with clinical trials.
- the fifth point is that the CD4 humoral immunity process is activated through the activation of Th17, and IgG is secreted from B cells and IgA is secreted from mucosal epithelial cells, thereby providing an antibacterial effect.
- IL-23 and IL-1 activate Th17, and when activated with an MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution, IL-1B is 47.64 times as normal and IL-1A is 6.30 times as normal.
- IL-23A is 1.78 times the normal gene expression (in increasing value). In the production test of IL-23 using selected human blood, 1.92 times the normal secretion was confirmed on average (see Table 11).
- the antiviral process using MRE complex ligand includes the following processes.
- the first is a process in which TLR3, TLR7, TLR9, RIG1, and MAD5, which are innate immune receptors, are stimulated by an MRE complex ligand or the like to directly release INF- ⁇ , INF- ⁇ , and the like.
- INF- ⁇ is mainly released from macrophages, microglia, etc.
- INF- ⁇ is mainly released from epithelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinoids, osteoblasts, and the like.
- These INF- ⁇ and INF- ⁇ are detected by neighboring cells having the INF receptor, and simultaneously release antiviral substances such as ISG to exert an antiviral effect.
- macrophage interferon gene expression was as shown in Table 15.
- IFN- ⁇ is an interferon that activates NK cells and functions to increase the ability to attack virus-infected cells.
- IFN- ⁇ is actually produced on average 2.89 times as much as normal.
- MRE complex ligands activate non-inflammatory Th17 processes and produce IL-21.
- This IL-21 activates NK cells and promotes the production of type I IFN from epithelial cells, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, macrophages, etc.
- IFN- ⁇ and IFN- ⁇ induce antiviral substances from more cells. It works to release.
- the MRE complex ligand serves as an adjuvant that produces IL-17F from Th17 and activates the process of humoral immunity, and plays a role in enhancing antibody production against viruses when there is actually a viral infection .
- the fourth is the elimination of virus-infected cells by natural killer cells (NK), natural killer T cells (NKT), and cytotoxic T cells (CTL).
- natural killer cells are activated as shown in Table 18.
- the MRE complex ligand activates the Th12 process, it also activates the process of enhancing cellular immunity including CTL and eliminating virus-infected cells and cancer cells.
- the MRE complex ligand has an excellent antiviral effect by activation of five processes.
- virus refers to human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, influenza virus, human papilloma virus, human herpes virus, hepatitis B virus, and other vertebrates over fish. DNA and RNA viruses are included.
- Cancer cells generally become cancerous due to apoptotic damage of precancerous cells. Whether it is caused by damage of tumor suppressor genes caused by free radicals, or by P53 degradation promotion by HPV such as cervical cancer, apoptosis inhibition by HSP (heat shock protein) such as stress as in pancreatic cancer Even in this case, there is always an apoptotic disorder that causes canceration.
- HSP heat shock protein
- cytotoxic CD8 + T cells CTL
- NKT cells NKT cells
- NK cells cytotoxic CD8 + T cells
- Adhesion to cells and cancer virus-infected cells, perforin punctures cells, and granzyme induces cancer cells to apoptosis, thereby exerting an anticancer effect.
- TNF- ⁇ also activates the process of inducing cancer cell apoptosis by releasing cytochrome C from mitochondria and activating caspase-8.
- TNF- ⁇ is known to be a substance that is highly damaging to general cells and triggers the onset of HIV.
- CTL also activates CTL by enhancing cellular immunity by the Th1 process activated by IL-12.
- this CTL destroys cells infected with hepatitis C virus and HIV to develop hepatitis and HIV, and also causes cytotoxic autoimmune diseases.
- the anti-cancer effect of the MRE complex ligand is mainly performed by natural killer cells (NK cells), and CTL cells and NKT cells are added thereto to enhance the anti-cancer effect.
- NK cells are activated by the MRE complex ligand through the following process and exert anticancer effects.
- the first is a process in which an effect appears at an early stage in the process of producing type I interferon and directly activating NK cells by stimulation of innate immune receptors.
- INF- ⁇ (IL-28A), which is known to strongly activate NK cells, is 1.84 times the normal gene expression, and INF- ⁇ , INF -Increases anticancer effect together with ⁇ .
- CXVR4 a chemokine that metastasizes cancer cells to the lungs and liver, is suppressed to 0.67 times the normal level, suppressing cancer metastasis.
- the second is the anticancer effect due to the activation of NK cells by IL-21 production through the non-inflammatory Th17 process by the MRE complex ligand.
- the third is a process in which IL-12 directly acts on NKT cells to produce IL-21 and activates NK cells.
- IL-12 activates the Th1 process to produce INF ⁇ . It is a process of activating CTLs to enhance the anticancer effect.
- MRE complex ligands can activate NK cells from three processes.
- Table 18 is a comparative test of the ability of NK cells to kill cancer cells. The case where no ligand is added is compared with the case where a solution obtained by diluting the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution prepared in Example 1 is added.
- NK cell killing ability test method and procedure are as follows.
- the concentration of the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution added is the value obtained when 100% of the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution daily intake is 100 ml and the standard human blood volume of 4,500 ml is absorbed 100% into the blood.
- the concentration was set based on a concentration of 6.66% (v / v).
- the amount of Eu 3+ released in each well was measured by time-resolved fluorescence measurement, and the cancer cell killing ability activity of NK cells was calculated.
- the obtained numerical value represents what percentage of K562 cells that are cancer cells were killed by NK cells.
- 51 or higher is Very High
- 42 to 51 is High
- 24 to 42 is Standard
- 14 to 24 is Low
- 14 or less is Very Low.
- the MRE complex ligand can activate NK cells through various routes, and can lead cancer to apoptosis at the level of Very High.
- apoptotic debris is rapidly phagocytosed by macrophages and does not necrotize cancer cells like anti-cancer drugs or radiation, so the cancer will naturally shrink without causing inflammation or cachexia. It can be seen.
- the MRE complex ligand has been successfully used in dialysis patients with canine liver cancer (see Example 8), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (see Example 13), and kidney cancer by intravenous injection (see Example 31). ). This result almost coincides with the clinical result of IL-21 administration (Patent Document 4). The disappearance of polyps, a precancerous symptom of viral cancer, was also observed.
- the MRE complex ligand has an anticancer effect that reduces cancer cells without inflammation.
- cancer includes cancer, sarcoma, tumor, epithelioma, leukemia, lymphoma, polyp, and “unusual cells” such as hard cancer, malignant transformation, and neoplasm.
- NK cells are innate immune cells that select and eliminate only cells that deviate from “normality” (Non-patent Document 5).
- the MRE complex ligand has excellent properties not found in other ligands, while maintaining the functions of antibacterial action, antiviral action, and anticancer action, and at the same time, functions of anti-inflammatory action and tissue repair action. Anti-inflammatory action is also a notable property of MRE complex ligands.
- the MRE complex ligand according to the present invention suppresses inflammation by the following process.
- IL-18 is a trigger (trigger) of inflammatory diseases by the MRE complex ligand.
- Decreased IL-18 production activates non-inflammatory Th17, non-inflammatory Th1 and non-inflammatory Th2 processes.
- Th17 secretes IL-17F that activates non-inflammatory humoral immunity and IL-21 that activates NK cells. From Th1, INF- ⁇ is produced to enhance cellular immunity. Both processes function to suppress inflammatory diseases including autoimmunity and allergic diseases by suppressing IL-18 while maintaining antibacterial and antiviral properties.
- the third is the calming of allergic diseases and autoimmune diseases caused by IL-21 production.
- the following table shows the results of IL-21 test from human blood with MRE complex ligand.
- the method and procedure for IL-21 production test of NK cells are as follows.
- IL-21 As shown in Table 19, the production amount of IL-21 was increased by an average of 2.11 times the average by the MRE complex ligand-containing solution, and it should be noted that IL-21 was originally expressed only at a low level. It can be seen that humans tend to increase significantly.
- IL-21 is a cytokine that enhances anticancer activity by secreting antiviral components and proliferating natural killer cells, and is also known to have a function of apoptosis of T cells and B cells that cause allergies and autoimmune diseases. ing.
- the MRE complex ligand was confirmed to actually increase IL-21 significantly in human blood, and clinical trials clearly support its anti-inflammatory effect as in Examples 15 to 20. .
- the concentration of TNF- ⁇ which is an inflammatory cytokine, averaged 232.8 ng / ml in human blood without any stimulation such as ligand. Even if it gives, it has decreased slightly with an average of 221.8 ng / ml. This result shows that the inflammation-suppressing effect is clear when considered in comparison with normal 37.042-fold gene expression in a single macrophage with the same level of stimulation by the MRE complex ligand (see FIG. 4). .
- IL-21 production-inducing action by such MRE complex ligands is effective for various immune diseases such as allergic diseases (particularly allergic asthma, hay fever, atopic dermatitis, eczema, food hypersensitivity, urticaria, allergic) IgE-regulated allergic diseases such as rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis (diseases involving type I allergic reactions)), Autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, polymyositis, polychondritis, nodular periarteritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatic fever, Sjogren's syndrome, Behcet's disease, thyroiditis , Type I diabetes, dermatomyositis, chronic active hepatitis, myasthenia gravis, Graves' disease, multiple sclerosis, primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune blood disease
- tissue repair is performed by a process in which the action of the macrophage is switched from M1 (GM) to M2 (M) to switch from anti-inflammatory state to inflammation suppression and tissue repair.
- GM M1
- M2 M2
- the temperature of the pH is raised locally to make the pH acidic, thereby reducing the activity of bacteria and viruses, and at the same time, creating an environment in which emergency enzyme groups including lysosomal enzymes can easily act. This is the process of the inflammation stage.
- the fragments of the destroyed bacteria are reduced in molecular weight by lysosomal enzymes, and a part of them is an LHA receptor (APC) LHA receptor (APC) capable of presenting antigens such as macrophages, dendritic cells and vascular endothelial cells.
- APC LHA receptor
- APC LHA receptor
- MHC receptors MHC receptors
- MHC receptors MHC receptors
- the other part is detected by the TLR receptor, NLR receptor, and RLR receptor in the innate immune system of macrophages, recognizing the pattern of the antibacterial completion ligand, and macrophages switch from the M1 state to the M2 state. Releases IL-10 and IL-2 and produces FGF that promotes tissue repair to activate fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and the like.
- the low molecular weight ligand is a signal of the antimicrobial completion pattern.
- the MRE complex ligand was obtained by decomposing bacterial cells with lysosomes into low molecular weights, and was expected to have a tissue repair effect. And by DNA dynamic analysis by microarray, it was found that FGF2, one of cytokines that promote tissue repair, was expressed 2.525 times as usual. In clinical trials, the tissue repair action of the MRE complex ligand was confirmed (see Examples 25 to 29).
- Macrophage M1 activation also activates macrophage phagocytic activity. For this reason, in the blood, lymphocytes, and tissues, dead cells, foreign substances, and oxidized toxins such as oxidized LDL are phagocytically decomposed and the residue is discarded into bile to purify the body.
- the MRE complex ligand that activates M1 has an effect of causing waste removal action through activation of macrophages.
- the MRE complex ligand has an excellent property of having an anti-inflammatory action, an antibacterial action, an antiviral action, and an anticancer action at the same time. Moreover, since it is a small molecule in the oligo region, it is easily absorbed from the intestine through the mucosa. Furthermore, it can be used as an injection by purifying as a beverage or as an external preparation.
- the action of the MRE complex ligand according to the present invention as a whole has the property of suppressing lymphocyte immunity and enhancing innate immunity.
- the immune enhancement composition according to the present invention exhibits various innate immune stimulating effects as described above when administered to mammals including humans and dogs.
- the administration method is any administration method usually used in the medical or medical field as long as it is administered in such a state that the immunopotentiating composition according to the present invention can exert its function. It may be.
- it can be administered enterally or orally, or can be performed parenterally.
- administration methods performed parenterally include intravascular administration, peri-tissue and intra-tissue injection, and subcutaneous injection, and may be applied directly to the skin or mucous membrane. It can also be administered by eye drops, nasal administration, transdermal administration, and mucosal administration.
- the immunopotentiating composition according to the present invention can be administered in any dosage form that is usually used in the medical or medical field, or in the molecular biology field, as long as it can exert its function.
- the immune enhancing composition according to the present invention can be administered as a liquid composition, and in this case, it may be a stock solution or a diluted solution.
- the MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution used in the present invention comprises a digestive enzyme group secreted from vegetative cells of the MRE symbiotic fungal group and a lysosomal enzyme homologous bulk enzyme group released upon endospore formation (spoorization).
- a digestive enzyme group secreted from vegetative cells of the MRE symbiotic fungal group and a lysosomal enzyme homologous bulk enzyme group released upon endospore formation (spoorization).
- the MRE bacteria group was cultured by a known general culture method for aerobic Gram-positive bacteria. First, 1000 liters of water was put into a 1.2 m 3 culture aeration tank and aeration (aeration) was performed. The culture aeration tank was fed with 10 kg of fish meal, 10 kg of rice bran, 5 kg of oil residue and 1 kg of gravy as nutrients, and further added appropriate amounts of minerals such as magnesium sulfate and silica. Further, the cells were added, and aeration was performed so that the dissolved oxygen concentration was 0.5 mg / L to 1.2 mg / L under the culture conditions of culture pH 6.0 to 6.8 and culture temperature 25 ° C. to 35 ° C. MRE symbiotic fungi were cultured while adding aeration.
- the MRE bacteria group in a vegetative cell state is separated into another aerated culture tank together with the culture solution.
- this culture aeration tank all nutrients of the MRE fungus group are cut off and placed in a starved state, and further aeration is continued under conditions of 25 ° C to 35 ° C. Begins.
- aeration oxygen supply
- the endospores start to precipitate all at once and obtain a transparent supernatant.
- MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution contains 3.6 mg / ml of an organic component, which contains 80 ⁇ g / ml of the MRE complex ligand component.
- MRE stock solution contains 3.6 mg / ml of an organic component, which contains 80 ⁇ g / ml of the MRE complex ligand component.
- MRE stock solution contains 3.6 mg / ml of an organic component, which contains 80 ⁇ g / ml of the MRE complex ligand component.
- MRE stock solution the “MRE complex ligand-containing stock solution” obtained as described above is referred to as “MRE stock solution”, and is expressed as “dilution of MRE complex ligand” unless otherwise specified. Refers to “dilution of stock solution containing MRE complex ligand” or “dilution of MRE stock solution”.
- Example 3 Hepatitis C (HCV)
- Male 48 years old With hepatitis C, even after treatment with interferon and ribavirin, the viral load is not so low as 28,000 / ml, ALT (GPT) is 621, and AST (GOT) is 586. In addition to urso, take 50 ml 3 times a day. After 3 months, the amount of virus was measured by PCR and decreased to 12800 / ml. ALT (GPT) was 48 and AST (GOT) was 52, which was remarkably improved.
- Example 4 [Example 4 / cervical cancer (HPV)] A woman 50 years old. Onset of viral infection of cervix (causal virus HPV of cervical cancer). Take 30 ml of MRE mixed ligand drink twice a day (morning and evening). The examination was improved from class 3a to class 2a after two months.
- Example 5 Constitution of easy catching cold
- Example 6 Male 71 years old. I had warts on my fingers, which had hindered my work. 50ml of MRE drink, 2 drinks every day, and shrinked so that warts became inconspicuous in 6 months. Warts are said to be caused by HPV (human papilloma virus).
- HPV human papilloma virus
- Example 7 [Example 7 / Shingles] A woman 60 years old. 30ml of MRE complex ligand drink was taken twice a day and applied to the affected area. It improved in 1-2 days. Herpes and shingles are cured quickly when applied simultaneously with drinking.
- Antibacterial effect [Example 8 / chronic infection] A woman 58 years old. When you get tired due to systemic bacterial infection (opportunistic infection), different parts such as insteps, ankles, ankles and thumbs of your hands are swollen and inflamed every time. Rheumatoid factor is negative, and it has been repeatedly cured by taking antibiotics. Over time, antibiotics stopped working, and I tried 50 ml twice a day to try MRE beverages. As a result, what has been onset 1-3 times a month can only be onset about once every six months. Increased platelets have also decreased.
- Example 9 Humiliation wound
- MRE beverage a woman 80 years old. It suppurates by rubbing the floor. After spraying the MRE beverage on the insult wound, it was dipped in gauze and laid down. The suppuration began to subside and the humiliation wound became smaller after one month, and the odor generated from the wound was reduced.
- Anticancer effect [Example 10 / liver cancer] A 12 year old male dog. He was unable to get water and food due to liver cancer and was unable to move. Since there is no method of treatment, about 15 ml of MRE beverage was injected into the vein as a trial. I got up on the 3rd day and started drinking water, so I added 100 ml of MRE beverage to the water and drank it. A doctor in an animal hospital is said to have completely recovered from cancer.
- Example 11 / liver cancer A 13-year-old male mixed-breed dog. At the University of Yamaguchi veterinary medicine department, it was diagnosed that "the liver has many malignant tumors and there is no way to do it.” I could't have surgery, so I diluted my MRE drink with water every day. A week later, she revisited the university and was diagnosed with cancer that had not grown. After that, dogs began to drink MRE drinks and recovered daily. After one month, they started running around the house. Three months later, the X-ray screening showed that the cancer had shrunk and became smaller. Going out for a walk and eating back to normal and jumping well.
- Example 12 Liver cancer
- ALT (GPT) value is 64 in liver function test. Take 30 ml of MRE ligand drink twice a day. The ALT value is 58 in the test after one month, and the ALT value is 33 in the test after two months.
- Example 14 Man 61 years old. End-stage prostate cancer with a blood PSA value of 3000 ⁇ g / ml. There is blood from the mouth just before bone metastasis. Surgery is impossible, and anti-androgenic Casodex and female hormone leupurin are injected subcutaneously once every four weeks. Temporarily, the PSA value dropped to 1, but it burned again. Therefore, Casodex is changed to highly effective Odyne. However, Odine can cause severe liver damage. The blood test showed a PSA of 0.92, but AST (GOT) was 56 (normal value 11-30) and ALT (GPT) was increased to 196 (normal value 4-30).
- Example 15 Male 70 years old. The tumor grows from liver cancer to the stomach. This makes it impossible to eat. Take 30 ml of MRE beverage twice a day with infusion treatment. After one or two months, the stomach and liver tumors began to shrink, and in the fourth month they were able to eat. At the 5th month, it looked almost gone.
- Example 16 Male 69 years old. Hospitalized for colorectal cancer. Take 80 ml of MRE ligand beverage twice a day. After drinking, the tumor marker begins to drop and the tumor itself becomes smaller after one month. An excision operation was performed, but there was no metastasis to lymph.
- Example 17 Male 66 years old. I have anticancer drug treatment for pancreatic cancer. In addition, diabetes is also injected with insulin. I've been taking 30ml of MRE ligand drink a day and I feel very good for months.
- Example 18 [Example 18 / rectal cancer] A 78-year-old woman. A colostomy is attached. The family is sentenced to incurable by the doctor. Take 2 bottles of MRE ligand (1800ml) on the first day, 1 bottle (900ml) on the 2nd day, 1 bottle (900ml) on the 3rd day. Subsequent examinations, including cancer that had spread to the bones, disappeared.
- Example 19 76 years old male. Metastasis from lung cancer to bones and taking anticancer drug TS-1. At first, it was effective and expected to recover. Treatment with narcotics and constipation drugs in hospice due to severe pain and constipation. Take 30 ml of MRE ligand drink 3 times a day. After 3 weeks, lung cancer disappeared (residual bone). I was able to return to work.
- Example 20 malignant lymphoma
- IL-21 in the blood increased remarkably, the metastatic cancer that had metastasized began to shrink, and the tumor in the chin area under the ear became softer.
- Example 22 [Example 22 / urticaria] A woman 31 years old. Unexplained urticaria-like rash appears throughout the body every day. Have 50ml of MRE drink. After drinking, the itch became lighter after about an hour, so I could endure it. The next day, I had another rash, so I decided to take it twice a day. By the end of the month, the urticaria-like rash stopped.
- Example 23 / urticaria A woman 54 years old. A 500-yen coin urticaria became smaller than a small finger within 2 days of drinking, and it took about a week to withdraw, but the skin became slippery in 2-3 days.
- Example 24 ulcerative colitis
- Inflammation findings in endoscopy about 10 months after I started drinking MRE beverages were lost. After that, continued diet and MRE drinks. Symptoms of ulcerative colitis have not occurred without any medication other than an intestinal agent.
- Example 25 atopic dermatitis
- a woman 31 years old It suffers from atopic inflammation accompanied by swelling and itching in the skin of the whole body including the face.
- spraying MRE beverages like lotion temporarily reduces swelling and itching.
- eczema became difficult to occur in about 2 months.
- Example 28 A woman 15 years old. allergic rhinitis. Drink 30 ml of MRE beverage twice a day. Symptoms improved in 3 weeks.
- Diabetes and hypertension Male 56 years old. With diabetes, the fasting blood glucose level fluctuated in the range of 152 to 396 and did not recover, and A1C exceeded 8.6.
- the fasting blood glucose level was 90, A1C7.3, in the third month, the fasting blood glucose level was 89, A1C5.8, and in the fourth month, the fasting blood glucose level was 91, and A1C5.0 It became normal value.
- Example 31 High blood pressure
- Example 32 High blood pressure
- Tissue repair effect (recover fractures and wounds)
- Example 34 Male 42 years old. Even after rehabilitation due to ligament injury of the left knee, it was diagnosed that “walking is possible but running is difficult”. Even after 5 years, running and overdoing the pain in the left foot does not heal. Two weeks after I started drinking MRE beverages, I noticed that I had no longer felt pain in my left foot even if I drove for a long time. When I tried it, it was only 5m but I was able to run. After that, I continued to drink MRE drinks and was able to extend the distance of 10m and 20m. When I stopped drinking for a week, I felt pain after riding for a long time. We are making efforts to extend the distance to run for the 5-km marathon.
- Example 36 Low-temperature burn of foot
- Example 37 A woman is 61 years old. When you are a high school student, you can crush the "acne” and create a bumpy "acne mark” on the nose. Drink 50 ml of MRE beverage per day. In about 2 months, the “acne scars” began to decrease, and in the 6th month, the skin unevenness became inconspicuous due to a considerable reduction, although not completely. The texture of the entire skin has also become finer.
- Example 38 flying mosquito disease after surgery
- 50 ml of MRE beverage was drunk daily, improvement was seen in 2 weeks, and blood pressure of 150 or more did not exceed 130.
- Example of test drinking to healthy people [Example 40 / Test drinking to healthy people] A questionnaire was conducted on 72 healthy people who took MRE beverages as test drinks. 58 out of 72 people say that their urine output improved. Also, 41 out of 72 people feel they have stopped catching a cold. 68 out of 72 people had gloss on their skin. There were no side effects, including those who were constipated with medicinal herbs. Rather, there were 12 people who had improved constipation.
- the present invention can be variously modified, and is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be variously modified without changing the gist of the invention.
Abstract
Description
MRE共生菌を構成するそれぞれの菌の16SrDNAは、次の通りである。
ここで、本願発明に係るMRE共生菌群を菌体分解して、低分子のMRE複合リガンドを得る2つの方法を以下に説明する。
リソゾーム酵素群は、細胞内で老朽化したオルガネラを分解して若返らせるためのオートファジーや癌細胞やウイルス感染細胞がアポトーシスする最終段階で出現する酵素群で、特に細胞内に侵入してきた細菌をエンドゾーム内で分解する際に活躍することが知られている。
このMRE複合リガンドは、自然免疫の受容体であるTLR-2,TLR-7,TLR-8とNLR-2を含むNLR群が活性化させることが網羅的なDNA動態解析によって確認された。TLR-2は、細胞表面に存在する自然免疫の受容体で、グラム陽性菌のペプチドグリカン、リボテイコ酸、リボ蛋白質、ウイルスの糖蛋白、真菌の多糖類などを感知する。MRE複合リガンドでは、分子量1000以下のMDP様のペプチドグリカン分解物が作用している。
つぎに、MRE複合リガンドにより動物の自然免疫の主役であるマクロファージ活性とナチュラルキラー細胞活性および好中球遊走を誘発するマクロファージからのIL-8産生が確認された。好中球は自然免疫の食細胞の一つである。
リガンドやアジュバンドがTLR、NLR、RLRなどの自然免疫受容体を刺激すると、細胞の活性化が誘導されると共にその多様なパターンに従って、「抗ウイルス物質産生プロセス」「炎症開始および遅延的炎症抑制プロセス(抗菌、抗癌、炎症修復プロセス)」「アポトーシスのプロセス」へと移行する3種類のプロセスへのスウィッチング(切り替え)が行われる。
「抗ウイルス物質産生プロセス」は、自然免疫本来のプロセスの一つで、TLR3、TLR7、TLR8およびRGRなどの刺激により、TRAMおよびTRIFの発現が起こり、それに続いてIKKの活性、IRAK3、IRAK7などの活性というように一連のプロセス活性が伝搬してゆき、その結果I型のINF-α(現在13種類知られている)とINF-βが産生され細胞外に放出される。このプロセスは単細胞時代に作られた仕組みと考えられているが、ヒトなどではこれらのインターフェロンの放出によって上皮細胞や粘膜細胞など近隣細胞から抗ウイルス物質であるISG(数百種類知られている)を一斉に放出させる。
このようにMRE複合リガンドは、抗ウイルスのためのアジュバンドとしても副作用のない効果をもつと考えられる。
このプロセスは、自然免疫の受容体刺激からT細胞を活性化させるインターロイキン類を産生するまでのプロセスで、つぎの2段階のプロセスからなっている。
第1段階に遅延して炎症を抑える遅延型炎症抑制遺伝子群が発現する。これらの遺伝子群はNF-κBとAP-1の働きを抑制する。すなわち、炎症プロセスに遅延して炎症抑制プロセスが進行することが、今回のMRE複合リガンドによる解析で明らかになった。
このことから分かるように、MRE複合リガンドでは、明らかにM1活性を発現している。
このことは、MRE複合リガンドを使用した人の血液からのIL-23産生が通常の2.11倍になる後述する事実からも裏付けられている。
活性化されたマクロファージやその兄弟から放出された4組のサイトカイン群は、図1に示すように、Th17、Treg、Th1、Th2というT細胞の4つの状態をコントロールする。
1) IL-12は、ナイーブT細胞(CD4)をTh1へ分化、活性化させる。
2) IL-6はナイーブT細胞(CD4)をTh17へ分化させ、IL-23とIL-1βは、Th17を活性化させる。
3) IL-4は、ナイーブT細胞(CD4)をTh2へ分化、活性化させる。
4) TGF-βは、ナイーブT細胞(CD4)をTregへ分化させ、IL-2はTregを活性化させる。
さて他方、MRE複合リガンドがIL-1β、TNF-α、IL-8などの炎症性のサイトカインの遺伝子群を極めて強く活性化し、またTh17およびTh1のプロセスを活性化するにも関わらず、なぜかMRE複合リガンド含む飲料により顎炎や潰瘍性大腸炎やアトピーの炎症などが著しく改善されるかという分子生理学のデータと臨床上の所見との矛盾が生じた。
MRE複合リガンドは、炎症を引き起こすIL-18の産生を抑制することで、アレルギーや自己免疫疾患を含む炎症を抑制する効果が期待され、実際に炎症性の疾患での臨床治験結果と一致している。
なお、本発明の炎症を抑制するリガンドという特性は、様々なワクチンの炎症性の副作用を低減するという性質をもった優れたアジュバントとしての利用を可能にする。
MRE複合リガンドをアジュバンドとして組み合わせて用いるワクチンには、インフルエンザ、ワクチンやペスト菌のワクチンなどの抗ウイルス、抗菌ワクチンの他、新世代のLPS、ペプチドグリカン、リポアラビノマンナン、ザイモザン、リポペプチド、リポテイコ酸、RSV F タンパク質、ファイブロネクチンEDAドメイン、HSP60、フラジェリン、非メチル化CpG DNA、二本鎖RNA、ポリイノシンポリシチジン酸、イミダゾキノリン系化合物、βグルカン、丸山ワクチン、マイコバクテリウムボビス、及びOK-432などのTLRリガンドおよびそれと結合したウイルスを含む菌体成分のワクチンも含まれる。
MRE複合リガンドは、他の免疫リガンドや免疫アジュバンドとブレンドして使用可能である。特に、糖鎖系の免疫活性成分とは相性がよく、霊芝、夏虫冬草、白樺茸、キチンキトサン、ヒメマッタケなどの糖鎖成分を含有するものを分子量8000以下に分解してMRE複合リガンドに加えると49%~60%のマクロファージ活性(生存数とNO産生)の増加が見られた。これは、MRE複合リガンドが優れたアジュバンドとして機能し得ることを示している。
紅豆杉、レスベラトロール、ケルセチンなどの癌のアポトーシスを復活させる物質との併用による癌治療法も極めて有効である。
なお、DNAマイクロアレイによるDNA動態解析は、バイオマトリックス研究所のHuman Gene 1.0 ST Arrayで行った。
1.被験液に用いる細胞は、ヒト末梢血単球由来のTHP-1細胞(ECACC No88081201)を非動化した牛胎児血清とアンピシリンナトリウムに抗生物質の硫酸カナマイシンを添加してRPMI1640培地にて培養し、細胞濃度を2×E6個/mlに調整して使用した。
2.細胞刺激は、細胞懸濁液を1.5mlずつ事前調整した6穴プレートの各ウェルに加え被検液とし、陰性対照と陽性対照のウェルを決めて、陽性対照ウェルに調整した刺激サンプルを添加し、よく振り混ぜた後、37℃の5%炭酸ガスインキュベータに移し3時間培養を行った。
3.トータルRNAの抽出は、TRIzolの手順に従って抽出、調整した。各サンプルについて26Gの注射針を付けた1mlのシリンジを使い10ストローク液を出し入れしてDNAの切断を行い、調整後4℃で14000rpmの遠心分離を15分間行いRNAを分離抽出した。
4.このRNAを精製した後、アガロースゲル電気泳動法で品質評価を行った。
5.精製RNAから残存DNAを除去するためにDNAseI処理を行い、cDNAの合成をした。
6.cDNAの合成には、Transcriptor First cDNA synthesis Kitを用いて、そのマニュアルに従って合成した。
7.この合成したcDNAを鋳型にして、リアルタイムPCRを実施してデータを得た。
DNAマイクロアレイには、この手順によって得られたRNAを使用し、網羅的な遺伝子発現を解析した。
表13および表14は、[実施例1]で作られたMRE複合リガンド含有原液を希釈し、ヒトのマクロファージに作用させて、そのNO産生量とマクロファージの生存細胞数を測定したものである。
最初にMRE複合リガンド含有原液に直接の殺菌作用がないことを大腸菌、緑膿菌、黄色ぶどう球菌、カンジダ、クロコウジカビを使用した発育阻止確認試験で確認した。したがって、MRE複合リガンド含有原液には抗生物質を含む殺菌物質は一切含まれておらず、臨床治験で見られる抗菌効果はすべて免疫力によるものだと言うことができる。
MRE複合リガンドによるHIV疾患やHCV疾患でのウイルスの不活性化には注目に値するものがある。
MRE複合リガンドでは、表18のようにナチュラルキラー細胞の活性化をする。また、MRE複合リガンドはTh12プロセスを活性化することからCTLを含む細胞性免疫を高めウイルス感染細胞や癌細胞を排除するプロセスも活性化するがメインではない。
癌細胞は、一般に前癌細胞のアポトーシス障害によって癌化する。その原因が、フリーラジカルによる癌抑制遺伝子の損傷が原因でも、子宮頚癌のようにHPVによるP53分解促進によるものでも、膵臓癌のようにストレスなどのHSP(ヒ-トショック蛋白質)によるアポトーシス阻害の場合でも、常にアポトーシス障害があって癌化が引き起こされる。
またCTLは、IL-12によって活性化されたTh1プロセスにより細胞性免疫が強められてCTLを活性化させる。しかし、このCTLはC型肝炎ウイルスやHIVに感染した細胞を破壊して肝炎やHIVを発症させ、細胞障害性の自己免疫疾患も引き起こす。
MRE複合リガンドの抗癌効果は、主にナチュラルキラー細胞(NK細胞)によって行われ、それにCTL細胞やNKT細胞が加わり抗癌効果を高める。
(1)Control(=添加なし)
(2)MRE複合リガンド含有原液 添加(培養時濃度0.06%(v/v))
(3)MRE複合リガンド含有原液 添加(培養時濃度0.60%(v/v))
(4)MRE複合リガンド含有原液 添加(培養時濃度6.00%(v/v))
培養後、Eu3+により標識した骨髄性白血病由来K562細胞をTarget cellとしてEffector cellと混合し、4時間培養した(5%CO2、37℃)。このときEffector cellとTarget cellの混合比率はE/T=40:1で混合した。4時間培養後、各ウェル中に遊離したEu3+量を時間分解蛍光測定により測定し、NK細胞の癌細胞殺傷能力活性を算出した。得られた数値は、癌細胞であるK562細胞の何%をNK細胞が殺傷したかを表している。
なぜなら、NK細胞は、「正常性」を逸脱した細胞のみを選んで排除する自然免疫細胞だからである(非特許文献5)。
MRE複合リガンドは、抗菌作用、抗ウイルス作用、抗癌作用という働きを維持しながら、同時に抗炎症作用、組織修復作用という働きを持つという他のリガンドにはない優れた性質をもっている。抗炎症作用は、MRE複合リガンドの注目すべき性質でもある。
次表に、MRE複合リガンドによるヒトの血液からのIL-21試験の結果を示した。
(A)Control(添加なし)
PBMC 1.0×106cells/ml、PHAP-10μg/ml、24時間培養(5%CO2、37℃)
(B)MRE複合リガンド含有原液添加
PBMC 1.0×106cells/ml、PHAP-10μg/ml、MRE複合リガンド含有原液6.00%(v/v)、24時間培養(5%CO2、37℃)
自己免疫疾患(慢性関節リウマチ、クローン病、全身性エリテマトーデス、強皮症、多発性筋炎、多発性軟骨炎、結節性動脈周囲炎、強直性脊椎炎、リウマチ熱、シェーグレン症候群、ベーチェット病、甲状腺炎、I型糖尿病、皮膚筋炎、慢性活動性肝炎、重症筋無力症、グレーブス病、多発性硬化症、原発性胆汁性肝硬変、自己免疫性血液疾患(溶血性貧血、真性赤血球性貧血、特発性血小板減少症、再生不良性貧血等)、乾癬、糸球体腎炎、ループス腎炎、ウェゲナー肉芽腫症、サルコイドーシス、橋本病、川崎病、膠原病)、
移植による拒絶、炎症状態(関節及び筋肉における炎症及び疼痛(慢性関節リウマチ、リウマチ様骨髄炎、骨関節症、尿酸性関節炎等)、皮膚の炎症性状態(湿疹等)、眼の炎症性状(結膜炎等)、炎症を伴う肺の障害(喘息、気管支炎等)、炎症を伴う消化器の状態(アフタ性潰瘍、クローン病、萎縮性胃炎、いぼ状胃炎、潰瘍性大腸炎、脂肪便症、限局性回腸炎、過敏性腸症候群等)、歯肉炎、(手術又は障害後の炎症、疼痛、腫脹)、炎症に関連した発熱や疼痛、炎症性慢性腎状態(糸球体腎炎、ループス腎炎、膜性腎炎等)、ぶどう膜炎、接触皮膚炎等)、ショック(敗血性ショック、アナフィラキシー性ショック、成人型呼吸窮迫性症候群等)、癌(肺癌、胃癌、結腸癌、肝癌、ホジキン症等)、ウイルス疾患(肝炎等)等の予防、治療に有用であることを示している。
一般的にマクロファージのM1(GM)からM2(M)への転換によって、炎症抗菌状態から炎症抑制、組織修復へと働きが切り替わるプロセスにより組織修復が行われると考えられている。
その防御網が突破され、好中球が破壊されると、好中球内のリソゾーム酵素群が放出され炎症が始まる。細菌の破片を感受した樹状細胞、マクロファージ、上皮細胞から非常時をしらせる炎症性サイトカイン群が分泌される。さらに細菌の数が多いと免疫細胞が動員され組織的な炎症へと進展していく。炎症部位では、局所的に温度を上げPHを酸性側にすることで細菌やウイルスの活動を低下させると同時にリソゾーム酵素を含む非常時の酵素群が活動しやすい環境をつくる。これが炎症の段階のプロセスである。
臨床治験でもMRE複合リガンドの組織修復作用を確認できた(実施例25~実施例29参照)。
マクロファージのM1活性化は、マクロファージの貪食活動も活性化する。このため血液やリンパ球および組織の中で、死んだ細胞や異物および酸化LDLのような酸化毒素を貪食分解して、その残渣を胆汁の中に捨てる体内浄化の働きをしている。M1活性化をするMRE複合リガンドには、マクロファージの活性化を通じて老廃物除去作用をもたらす効果がある。
[実施例1/MRE共生菌群の培養と内胞子化によるMRE複合リガンド含有原液の作成]
本発明で利用されるMRE複合リガンド含有原液は、MRE共生菌群の栄養細胞から分泌された消化酵素群と内胞子化(スポア化)に伴って放出されるリソゾーム酵素相同のバルク型酵素群との混合された酵素群によって、MRE共生菌群の自身の菌体を低分子領域まで分解して作られる。
抗ウイルス効果
[実施例2/エイズ(HIV)]
売血によって約800人の半数以上がHIVに感染したアジアの農村で、発症した20人を選び医薬品は一切使用せず本発明の飲料1日200mlを1カ月飲んでもらった。飲料を飲んだ3人と飲まないでエイズ薬を使用した1人について、CD4陽性T細胞の全T細胞に対する割合(CD4+/CD3)および血液1ml当たりのCD4陽性T細胞数をフローサイトメトリー法で測定し表20のような結果を得た。
男性48歳。C型肝炎で、インターフェロンとリバビリンの治療をしてもウイルス量が28,000/ml、ALT(GPT)が621、AST(GOT)が586とあまり下がらず、MRE飲料を飲用し始める。ウルソに加えて50mlを1日3回飲用する。3か月経てウイルス量をPCRで測定し、12800/mlに下がっていた。ALT(GPT)が48、AST(GOT)が52と著しく改善されていた。
女性50歳。子宮頸部のウイルス感染発症(子宮頚癌の原因ウイルスHPV)。MRE混合リガンド飲料30mlを1日2回(朝晩)摂取。2か月後の検査でクラス3aからクラス2aへ改善された。
女児6歳。病弱でよく風邪を引く。時折38.5度以上の高熱が続くこともあった。MRE飲料1日2回20mlを飲み続けて3か月、風邪を引かなくなった。
男性71歳。手の指にイボができ仕事に支障をきたしていた。MRE飲料50ml毎日2飲み続けて6か月でイボが目立たなくなるほど縮小していった。イボは、HPV(ヒト・パピローマ・ウイルス)が原因と言われている。
女性60歳。MRE複合リガンド飲料30mlを1日2回摂取と共に患部へ塗布。1~2日で改善した。ヘルペスや帯状疱疹には飲用と同時に塗布すると治りが速い。
[実施例8/慢性感染]
女性58歳。全身の菌感染(日和見感染)により疲れてくると足の甲、足首、くるぶし、手の親指などと毎回異なった個所が腫れて炎症を起こす。リューマチ因子はマイナスで、抗生物質を服用すると治るということを繰り返してきた。そのうち抗生物質が効かなくなり、MRE飲料を試しに1日50mlを2回飲ようになった。その結果、月1~3回発症していたものが、約半年に1回の発症で済んでいる。増加していた血小板も減少してきた。
女性80歳。床擦れで化膿する。MRE飲料を辱創部分にスプレーした後、ガーゼに浸して湿布した。化膿が治まり始め、1か月後には辱創が小さくなり、傷口から発生する臭いも軽減した。
[実施例10/肝臓癌]
12歳オスの高齢犬。肝癌で水も餌も取れなくなり、ベターっと動けない状態になっていた。治療の方法がないので、試しにMRE飲料を約15ml静脈に注射した。3日目に起き上がり水を飲み始めたので、水にMRE飲料100mlを加えて飲ませたところ餌も食べ始めそのまま元気になる。動物病院の医師からも癌は縮小したようだ完治ですと言われる。
13歳オスの高齢雑種犬。山口県の大学の獣医学部にて、「肝臓に悪性腫瘍がいくつもできており手の施しようがない。」と診断された。手術もできない状態なので、毎日MRE飲料を水に薄めて飲ませた。1週間後、大学で再診、癌が大きくなっていないとの診断を受ける。その後、犬が積極的にMRE飲料を飲み始め日増しに元気を回復し、1か月後には家の中を走り回るようになった。3か月後のレントゲン検診では、癌が縮小して小さくなっていた。外出の散歩も食事も通常に戻って元気に飛び跳ねている。
女性75歳。肝臓癌と糖尿病を併発、インシュリン注射を使用。MRE飲料50mlを1日2回飲む。2か月ほどで、癌細胞が縮小し、インシュリン注射前の血糖値が低下してきた。
男性42歳。肝機能検査で、ALT(GPT)の値が64。MREリガンド飲料30mlを1日2回摂取。1か月後の検査でALT値58、2か月後の検査でALT値が33と正常になる。
男性61歳。血液のPSA値3000μg/mlを越える末期の前立腺癌。骨転移寸前の状態で口からの吐血がある。手術は不能で、抗アンドロゲン作用のあるカソデックスと4週間に1度女性ホルモン剤のリュープリンを皮下注射する。一時、PSA値は1にまで下降したが、また再燃する。そこで、カソデックスを効果の高いオダインに変更する。しかし、オダインは重篤な肝障害を起こす恐れがある。血液検査でPSAは0.92であったが、AST(GOT)が56(正常値11~30)で、ALT(GPT)が196(正常値4~30)に上昇。これ以上この状態が続くと苦痛を伴う抗癌剤に移行するため、MRE飲料を1日250ml毎日飲み続けた。その結果、PSA値もAST、ALT値もすべて正常に保つことができた。ビールや煙草を飲みながら週に1~2回テニスを楽しむことができるようになった。
男性70歳。肝臓癌から胃に転移して腫瘍が大きくなる。そのため食事が取れなくなる。点滴による治療と共に、MRE飲料30mlを1日2回服用。1~2か月すると、胃と肝臓の腫瘍が縮小し始め、4か月目には食事ができるようになった。5カ月目の検査ではほとんど消滅しているように見えた。
男性69歳。大腸癌で入院。MREリガンド飲料80mlを1日2回摂取。飲用後、腫瘍マーカーが下がりだし、1カ月後腫瘍自体も小さくなる。摘出手術を行ったがリンパなどへの転移はない。
男性66歳。膵臓癌で抗癌剤治療をしている。また、糖尿病でインシュリンも注射している。MREリガンド飲料1日30mlを摂取していて数カ月たつが体調がとてもよい。
女性78歳。人工肛門装着。家族は医師から不治の宣告を受ける。MREリガンド飲料を初日2本(1800ml)、2日目1本(900ml)、3日目1本(900ml)を飲む。その後の検査で、骨まで転移していた癌も含めて消失していた。
男性76歳。肺癌から骨に転移して抗癌剤のTS-1を服用。当初は効果があり回復を期待したが、その後効果が薄れてきた。痛み・便秘が激しくホスピスで麻薬・便秘薬による治療を行う。MREリガンド飲料30mlを1日3回摂取。3週間後の検診で肺癌が消失(骨には残存)。仕事に復帰できた。
女性62歳。ステージ4の非ホジキンリンパ腫で、全身に転移し、耳の下のあごの部分にゴム毬のような腫瘍を形成。抗癌剤など一切の医薬品治療をせず、ドクタ-の管理のもとに、ビタミンCの大量静注、と共にMRE飲料50mlを1日2回飲用する。3か月後、血中のIL-21が著しく上昇し、転移した転移癌が縮小を始め耳の下のあごの部分の腫瘍も柔らかくなってきた。
[実施例21/顎の関節炎]
男性64歳。右側の顎関節の炎症で1か月ほど口が開けられない状態となる。虫歯が原因ではないかと歯の治療をしたが、まったく治らず。MRE飲料1日100mlを飲みはじめた。翌日には顎の熱が引き、痛みが軽くなり、3日後には口を開けることが可能になり普通に食事ができるほど回復した。約1週間後には正常に戻った。
女性31歳。原因不明の蕁麻疹様の発疹が全身に毎日のように出る。MRE飲料を50ml飲んでもらう。飲むと1時間ほどでかゆみが軽くなり我慢できる程度になった。
翌日、また発疹したので1日2回飲んでもらうことにした。1か月過ぎる頃には、蕁麻疹様の発疹が出なくなった。
女性54歳。500円玉くらいの大きさの蕁麻疹が飲用2日で小指大に小さくなり、引っ込むのに1週間くらいかかっていたのが2~3日で引っ込み、肌がつるつるしてきた。
女性49歳。潰瘍性大腸炎で定期的に入退院を繰り返す。ペンタサとサラソーピリンなどの副作用のためかなりひどい蕁麻疹様の薬疹を併発するためステロイド剤を使用する。本発明のMRE飲料を1日200ml飲み始め、約1か月後に薬疹が起こらなくなる。その後、通院と投薬を中止。MRE飲料を飲み始めてから約10か月目の内視鏡検査での炎症所見が見られなくなった。その後、食事療法とMRE飲料を継続。整腸剤以外の投薬を一切せずに潰瘍性大腸炎の症状は起きていない。
女性31歳。顔を含めて全身各所の皮膚に腫れと痒みを伴うアトピー様の炎症で苦しむ。MRE飲料を化粧水のようにスプレーすると腫れと痒みが一時的にかなり軽減することを見出した。MRE飲料30mlを1日2回飲用すると2か月ほどで湿疹が出にくくなってきた。
男性65歳。スズメ蜂に刺されたので、急いでMRE飲料を頭にかけたら、腫れることなく回復した。
男性28歳。ムカデに足を刺されて4か月経っても腫れが引かず靴下のゴム跡が食い込むようにくっきりと残っていた。MRE飲料1日1回30mlを飲用したところ、10日目から腫れが引いてきた。まだ、うっかりして飲むのを忘れると腫れが出て、飲むと腫れが引く状態にある。
女性15歳。アレルギー性鼻炎。MRE飲料30mlを1日2回飲用。3週間で症状が改善した。
[実施例29/糖尿病]
男性56歳。糖尿病で空腹時血糖値が152~396の範囲を変動し回復せず、A1Cが8.6を超える値となった。MRE飲料を1日180ml飲み始めて、1か月目に空腹時血糖値が134でA1C7.6に下がる。2か月目には空腹時血糖値が90でA1C7.3、3か月目には空腹時血糖値が89でA1C5.8、4か月目には空腹時血糖値が91でA1C5.0となり正常値になった。
男性68歳。父親も兄も糖尿病で死亡。本人は、インシュリンを打つ寸前まで悪化。MRE飲料を1年近く飲み続け、医師より糖尿病は良くなっていると言われ、薬を止めることができた。それ以後、血糖値が高いと言われたことはなく、本人は毎日酒を2合飲んで快調と言っている。
男性70歳。最高血圧160、最低血圧98であったが、MRE飲料30mlを1日2回飲用。1か月後に、最高血圧140台、最低血圧80台に下がった。
男性72歳。血圧160-90。MREリガンド飲料50mlを1日2回飲用。1ヵ月後に血圧が130-80。3cmくらいあったシミも小さくなる。
[実施例33/手術跡の創傷]
男性61歳。腹部の手術をしたが、糖尿病があるため抜糸するまでに少なくとも6か月掛かかると言われた。MRE飲料1日1回50mlを飲用。1週間で抜糸できた。
男性42歳。左膝の靭帯損傷でリハビリを行っても「歩行は可能だけれども走るのは困難」と診断された。5年経ても走ったり無理をしたりすると左足の痛みが起こる状態が治らず。MRE飲料を飲み始めて2週間後、自転車を長時間運転しても左足の痛みを感じなくなっているのに気が付く。試しに走ってみたら僅か5mだが走ることができた。その後もMRE飲料を飲み続けて10m、20mと走る距離を伸ばすことができた。1週間飲用を中止したら長時間の自転車運転に痛みを感じ、走っても違和感を覚えた。5キロマラソンを目標に走る距離を伸ばす努力をしている。
女性88歳。骨折で医師から繋がるまで半年かかると言われた。MRE飲料を飲用したところ、1か月で骨が繋がった。
女性73歳。ひどい足の低温火傷で1カ月治療しても肉芽が上がらず回復せず。MRE飲料30mlを1日2回飲用。1週間で肉芽が上がり始めた。
女性61歳。高校生のとき「にきび」を潰して鼻に凸凹の「にきび跡」ができる。MRE飲料を1日50ml飲む。約2ヵ月目に「にきび跡」が小さくなりはじめ、6か月目には完全ではないがかなり縮小して皮膚の凸凹が目立たなくなってきた。全体の皮膚の肌理も細かくなった。
男性51歳。網膜剥離の手術後飛蚊症になった。MRE飲料を1日50ml飲用したところ2週間で改善が見られ、血圧も150以上あつたものが130を越えることがなくなった。
男性51歳。腎臓透析をしている患者。
[実施例40/健常者への試験飲用]
MRE飲料を試験飲用した健康な72人にアンケートを実施した。72人中の58人が尿の出が良くなったと記述している。また、72人中41人がかぜを引かなくなったと感じている。肌に艶が出てきた人は72人中68人に上った。薬草などで便秘になる人を含めて、副作用らしいものは見当たらなかった。むしろ便秘がよくなったという人が12人いた。
Claims (22)
- 自然免疫を刺激することによって対象が有する免疫を増強させる免疫増強組成物であって、
バシラスsp.(Bacillus sp.)(FERM BP-11209)、リシニバシラス フシフォルミス(Lysinibacillus fusiformis)(FERM BP-11206)、バシラス ソノレンシス(Bacillus sonorensis)、リシニバシラスsp.(Lysinibacillus sp.)(FERM BP-11207)、及びコマモナスsp.(Comamonas sp.)(FERM BP-11208)から成るMRE共生菌群から選択される1若しくはそれ以上の菌類を分解することによって生じる免疫賦活物質
を有効成分として有するものであることを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記免疫賦活物質は、少なくともその98重量%以上が、平均分子量1,000Da以下の親水性低分子物質である
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記免疫賦活物質は、マクロファージ、ナチュラルキラー細胞、又はナチュラルキラーT細胞を活性化させるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記免疫賦活物質は、樹状細胞、ミクログリア細胞、ランゲルハンス細胞、又はクッパー細胞を活性化させるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記免疫賦活物質は、上皮細胞、繊維芽細胞、ケラチノサイト、又は骨芽細胞を活性化させるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記免疫賦活物質は、Th17又はTh1を分化又は活性化させるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記免疫賦活物質は、IL-21産生を増強させるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記免疫賦活物質は、前記MRE共生菌群から選択される1若しくはそれ以上の菌類を生育に適した培養条件下で培養し、得られた培養液を飢餓状態におき、エアレーションを行うことによって得られるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、この免疫増強組成物は、
アレルギー疾患又は自己免疫疾患に罹患した対象における抗炎症剤として使用されるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項9記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記アレルギー疾患又は自己免疫疾患は、顎関節炎、潰瘍性大腸炎、アトピー性皮膚炎、アレルギー性鼻炎からなる群から選択されるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、この免疫増強組成物は、
病原性細菌又は病原性ウイルスに対するワクチンのアジュバンドとして使用されるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項11記載の免疫増強組成物において、
前記病原性細菌又は病原性ウイルスは、日和見感染菌、HIV、HCV、及びHPVからなる群から選択されるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、この免疫増強組成物は、
肝臓癌、前立腺癌、大腸癌、直腸癌、肺癌、膵臓癌、胃癌、悪性リンパ腫、糖尿病、高血圧、創傷、靭帯損傷、骨折、低温火傷、ニキビ、飛蚊症、辱創、蕁麻疹からなる群から選択される疾患に罹患した対象を治療又は予防するための医薬又は動物薬として使用されるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 請求項1記載の免疫増強組成物において、この免疫増強組成物は、
食品若しくは飼料として用いられるものである
ことを特徴とする、免疫増強組成物。 - 自然免疫を刺激することによって対象が有する免疫を増強させる免疫増強組成物を製造する方法であって、
バシラスsp.(Bacillus sp.)(FERM BP-11209)、リシニバシラス フシフォルミス(Lysinibacillus fusiformis)(FERM BP-11206)、バシラス ソノレンシス(Bacillus sonorensis)、リシニバシラスsp.(Lysinibacillus sp.)(FERM BP-11207)、及びコマモナスsp.(Comamonas sp.)(FERM BP-11208)から成るMRE共生菌群から選択される1若しくはそれ以上の菌類を用意する工程と、
前記用意された1若しくはそれ以上の菌類を分解する工程と
を有することを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項15記載の方法において、
前記分解する工程は、前記用意された1若しくはそれ以上の菌類を生育に適した培養条件下で培養し、得られた培養液を飢餓状態におき、エアレーションを行うことによって行われるものである
ことを特徴とする、方法。 - 自然免疫に関連する疾患に罹患した哺乳動物を治療若しくは予防する方法であって、
バシラスsp.(Bacillus sp.)(FERM BP-11209)、リシニバシラス フシフォルミス(Lysinibacillus fusiformis)(FERM BP-11206)、バシラス ソノレンシス(Bacillus sonorensis)、リシニバシラスsp.(Lysinibacillus sp.)(FERM BP-11207)、及びコマモナスsp.(Comamonas sp.)(FERM BP-11208)から成るMRE共生菌群から選択される1若しくはそれ以上の菌類を分解することによって生じる免疫賦活物質を有効成分として有する免疫増強組成物の治療上有効な量を用意する工程と、
前記用意した免疫増強組成物の治療上有効な量を前記哺乳動物に投与する工程と
を有することを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項17記載の方法において、
前記哺乳動物はヒトである
ことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項17記載の方法において、
前記投与する工程は経口的に行われるものである
ことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項17記載の方法において、
前記投与する工程は非経口的に行われるものである
ことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項20記載の方法において、
前記非経口的に行われる投与する工程は、血管内投与、組織周囲および組織内注射、皮下注射、点眼投与、点鼻投与、経皮的投与、粘膜投与から選択されるものである
ことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項17記載の方法において、
前記自然免疫に関連する疾患は、顎関節炎、潰瘍性大腸炎、アトピー性皮膚炎、アレルギー性鼻炎を含むアレルギー疾患又は自己免疫疾患、日和見感染菌、HIV、HCV、及びHPVを含む病原性細菌又は病原性ウイルス関連疾患、肝臓癌、前立腺癌、大腸癌、直腸癌、肺癌、膵臓癌、胃癌、悪性リンパ腫、糖尿病、高血圧、創傷、靭帯損傷、骨折、低温火傷、ニキビ、飛蚊症、辱創、蕁麻疹からなる群から選択されるものである
ことを特徴とする、方法。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2786891A CA2786891C (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-22 | Immunopotentiating composition and process for producing same |
US13/202,484 US8454979B2 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-22 | Immunopotentiating composition and process for producing same |
EP10743592.7A EP2399595B1 (en) | 2009-02-20 | 2010-02-22 | Immunopotentiating composition and process for producing same |
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EP2399595A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 |
CA2786891A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
CN102387808A (zh) | 2012-03-21 |
EP2399595B1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
KR101656252B1 (ko) | 2016-09-09 |
JPWO2010095463A1 (ja) | 2012-08-23 |
CN103989713A (zh) | 2014-08-20 |
US8454979B2 (en) | 2013-06-04 |
AU2010216926A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
JP4951150B2 (ja) | 2012-06-13 |
EP2399595A4 (en) | 2012-11-28 |
AU2010216926B2 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
CA2786891C (en) | 2017-08-01 |
CN103989713B (zh) | 2017-12-05 |
US20120039946A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
KR20110118724A (ko) | 2011-10-31 |
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