WO2010082668A1 - 導波管・平面線路変換器 - Google Patents
導波管・平面線路変換器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010082668A1 WO2010082668A1 PCT/JP2010/050574 JP2010050574W WO2010082668A1 WO 2010082668 A1 WO2010082668 A1 WO 2010082668A1 JP 2010050574 W JP2010050574 W JP 2010050574W WO 2010082668 A1 WO2010082668 A1 WO 2010082668A1
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- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- pair
- planar line
- antenna patterns
- conductor
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005388 cross polarization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
- H01P5/107—Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a waveguide / planar line converter. More specifically, the present invention relates to a waveguide / planar line converter including a waveguide to which microwaves or millimeter waves are transmitted, and a planar line substrate for amplification and frequency conversion of these waves.
- a waveguide / planar line converter is connected to the interface unit that connects the waveguide and the planar line circuit.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a waveguide / planar line converter including a cylindrical waveguide and a planar line substrate attached to the waveguide.
- the planar line substrate has a laminated structure in the vertical direction.
- the upper layer of the planar circuit board is formed in a frame shape adapted to the opening edge portion of the waveguide, and the first grounding conductor to which the opening edge portion of the waveguide is closely fixed is fixed to the grounding conductor.
- an antenna pattern constituting a ⁇ / 2-type resonant antenna.
- the lower layer of the planar line substrate has a strip conductor extending to a position where the tip portion faces the antenna pattern, and a second ground conductor disposed around the strip conductor.
- an electric field is generated inside the waveguide during power transmission through the waveguide.
- the position of the maximum electric field at the waveguide coupling portion is on the center line in the width direction of the waveguide, and the direction of the maximum electric field is a direction from one side to the other side of the center line, It is orthogonal to the direction in which the planar line substrate is laminated.
- an electric field in the direction in which the planar line substrate is laminated is generated near the end of the antenna pattern.
- this electric field has a different direction from the above-described maximum electric field generated inside the waveguide, the coupling between the electromagnetic field distribution by the antenna pattern and the electromagnetic field distribution by the waveguide is suppressed. Thereby, the conversion characteristics of the waveguide / planar line converter may be deteriorated.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and an object thereof is to provide a waveguide / planar line converter having excellent conversion characteristics.
- a waveguide / planar line converter includes a waveguide and a planar line substrate to which an opening edge of the waveguide is fixed in close contact, and a pair of An antenna pattern is arranged in a range inside the opening edge of the waveguide in the planar line substrate with a gap therebetween, and the position and direction of the electric field generated between the pair of antenna patterns is determined by the waveguide.
- the waveguide and the pair of antenna patterns are arranged so as to coincide with the position and direction of the maximum electric field inside the tube.
- the position and direction of the electric field generated between the pair of antenna patterns coincide with the position and direction of the electric field generated inside the waveguide. Coupling with the field distribution becomes easy. Thereby, excellent conversion characteristics can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a waveguide / planar line converter in a first embodiment.
- FIG. It is a top view of the 1st conductor layer in a 1st embodiment.
- It is a top view of the 2nd conductor layer in a 1st embodiment.
- It is a disassembled perspective view of the waveguide * plane line converter in a 2nd embodiment.
- It is a top view which shows the modification of the 2nd conductor layer in 2nd Embodiment.
- It is a disassembled perspective view of the waveguide / planar line converter in 3rd Embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a waveguide / planar line converter 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the actual part is indicated by hatching. The same applies to the following drawings.
- the waveguide / planar line converter 1 is attached to a rectangular tube-like waveguide 3 to which microwaves or millimeter waves are transmitted, and an opening edge 5 of the waveguide 3 to amplify and amplify these waves. And a planar line substrate 7 that performs frequency conversion.
- the direction parallel to the major axis of the opening edge 5 of the waveguide 3 is the width direction
- the direction parallel to the minor axis is the height direction
- the direction in which the waveguide 3 extends is the vertical direction.
- the planar line substrate 7 is a thin plate composed of a first conductor layer 9 to which the waveguide 3 is connected, a second conductor layer 11, and a dielectric 13 as an intermediate layer disposed therebetween. . At this time, the layers are stacked in the vertical direction and are integrally coupled.
- the first conductor layer 9 and the second conductor layer 11 constitute a pair of antenna patterns described later and a planar line connected to the antenna pattern.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the first conductor layer in the first embodiment.
- the first conductor layer 9 is composed of a conductor thin film, for example, a copper thin film, and functions as a conductor-backed coplanar line.
- the first conductor layer 9 has a pair of antenna patterns 15 and a first ground conductor 17.
- the pair of antenna patterns 15 are arranged on the inner side of the opening edge 5 of the waveguide 3 and are composed of two rectangular conductors that are line-symmetrically separated by a gap GA having a predetermined width.
- the first ground conductor 17 is arranged around the pair of antenna patterns 15 and is fixed in close contact with the opening edge 5 of the waveguide 3.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the second conductor layer 11 in the first embodiment.
- the second conductor layer 11 is composed of a conductor thin film, for example, a copper thin film, and functions as a coplanar line.
- the second conductor layer 11 has a strip conductor 19 and a second ground conductor 21.
- the strip conductor 19 extends in a direction in which the pair of antenna patterns 15 face each other, and faces each of the antenna patterns 15.
- the strip conductor 19 is electrically connected to the antenna pattern 15 through a via hole 23 filled with a conductor inside the dielectric 13 in the thickness direction.
- the second ground conductor 21 is disposed around the strip conductor 19 and, like the via hole 23, the first ground conductor 17 and the first ground conductor 17 through the via hole 25 filled with the conductor through the dielectric 13 in the thickness direction. Electrically connected.
- the pair of antenna patterns 15 are in contact with the portion 29 of the joint between the opening edge 5 of the waveguide 3 and the first ground conductor 17, which overlaps with the strip conductor 19.
- the open ends 31 of the two are opposed to each other with the gap GA interposed therebetween.
- Each of the pair of antenna patterns 15 constitutes a ⁇ / 4 type resonance antenna. At this time, these resonance frequencies are different.
- the position where the electric field in the waveguide 3 becomes maximum is on the center line B in the width direction inside the waveguide 3, and the direction of the maximum electric field is The direction of the center line B is from one side to the other side.
- an electric field directed from one antenna pattern 15 to the other antenna pattern 15 is generated by antenna coupling between the pair of antenna patterns 15 (that is, the gap GA).
- the antenna pattern 15 is arranged so that the center line B of the waveguide 3 and the gap GA overlap. As a result, the position and direction of the electric field generated between the pair of antenna patterns 15 (gap GA) coincide with the position and direction of the maximum electric field generated in the waveguide 3.
- the position and direction of the electric field generated between the pair of antenna patterns 15 matches the position and direction of the electric field generated inside the waveguide 3 as described above.
- the distribution and the electromagnetic field distribution by the waveguide 3 are easily coupled. Thereby, high conversion efficiency is obtained and it is excellent in conversion characteristics.
- the antenna pattern 15 constitutes a ⁇ / 4 type resonant antenna, no cross polarization occurs in principle. For the same reason, even when the symmetry of the shape of the antenna pattern 15 is lost due to manufacturing variations such as etching, the occurrence of cross polarization is suppressed. As described above, since the generation of electric power that is not coupled to the waveguide 3 or the strip conductor 19 from the antenna pattern 15 is suppressed, the waveguide / planar line converter 1 is suppressed from deterioration of characteristics due to cross polarization. Excellent high frequency characteristics.
- the pair of antenna patterns 15 constitute resonant antennas having different resonant frequencies
- the passbands of these resonant antennas can be set to two adjacent resonances.
- the bandwidth of the waveguide / planar line converter 1 is larger than in the case of one resonance.
- the pair of antenna patterns 15 has the gap GA inside the edge 5 of the rectangular opening 4 of the waveguide 3. Are arranged opposite to each other. The open ends of the pair of antenna patterns 15 face each other with the gap GA interposed therebetween.
- the gap GA is formed at a position where the center line C in the height direction of the waveguide 3 overlaps the center line D in the height direction.
- the pair of antenna patterns 15 are formed in a line-symmetric shape with the center line D as the center. Further, the pair of antenna patterns 15 are formed at positions overlapping the center line B.
- FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the waveguide / planar line converter 35 in the second embodiment.
- the via hole 23 shown in the first embodiment is omitted.
- the front end of the strip conductor 19 is an open end, and the vicinity of the front end of the strip conductor 19 and one of the antenna patterns 15 are electrically connected by capacitive coupling.
- the line width of the strip conductor 19 may be narrowed, or the dielectric constant of the dielectric may be made lower than the surroundings.
- the antenna pattern 15 and the strip conductor 19 can be electrically connected without requiring a via hole. This eliminates the need for alignment of the antenna pattern 15, the strip conductor 19, and the via hole 25, which is advantageous in reducing manufacturing variations.
- the second conductor layer 12 shown in FIG. 5 can be used instead of the second conductor layer 11.
- the strip conductor 20 has its tip connected to the second ground conductor 21 by inductive coupling and to the antenna pattern 15 by capacitive coupling. Even when the second conductor layer 12 is used, the same effect as described above can be exhibited.
- FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the waveguide / planar line converter 37 in the third embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of the first conductor layer 39 in the third embodiment.
- the first conductor layer 39 is provided with a pair of semicircular antenna patterns 41 that are convex toward the other. In this way, since the corner portion is eliminated from the outer edge of the antenna pattern 41, the loss in the antenna can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the waveguide / planar line converter 43 in the fourth embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of the first conductor layer 45 in the fourth embodiment.
- a pair of antenna patterns 47 exhibiting a shape that gradually narrows away from the other, for example, a trapezoid, is provided on the first conductor layer 45.
- the width of the open end portion 49 in these antenna patterns 47 is longer than the width of the portion 50 in contact with the first ground conductor 17. In this way, the resonant frequency of the resonant antenna formed by the antenna pattern 47 is lowered.
- the width of the portion 50 in contact with the first ground conductor 17 may be made longer than the width of the open end portion 49. It is also possible to change the operating frequency of the waveguide / planar line converter by adjusting the width of the portion 50 in contact with the first ground conductor 17.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the waveguide / planar line converter 53 in the fifth embodiment.
- a shield cap 55 is added to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the shield cap 55 is disposed under the second conductor layer 11 and connected to the second ground conductor 21. According to the present embodiment, since the shield cap 55 prevents electric power from being radiated from the lower surface of the second conductor layer 11, interference with the other elements of the planar circuit board due to the electric power can be avoided.
- FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of the waveguide / planar line converter 57 in the sixth embodiment.
- the waveguide / planar line converter 57 of the present embodiment is obtained by omitting the second ground conductor 21 and the via hole 25 from the configuration shown in FIG. At this time, the transmission line in the strip conductor 19 is configured as a microstrip line and is connected to the antenna pattern 15 through the via hole 23. According to the present embodiment, the structure of the waveguide / planar line converter can be simplified.
- FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the waveguide / planar line converter 59 in the seventh embodiment.
- the waveguide / planar line converter 59 of the present embodiment has a configuration shown in FIG. 1 and a dielectric 61 disposed under the second conductor layer 11 and a third conductor disposed under the dielectric 61.
- the layer 63 is added. That is, in the planar line substrate 7, the uppermost layer is constituted by the first conductor layer 9, the lowermost layer is constituted by the third conductor layer 63, and the intermediate layer between them is the dielectric 13, the second conductor layer 11, and the dielectric.
- One thin plate constituted by the body 61 is formed.
- a third ground conductor 65 is formed on the third conductor layer 63.
- the first ground conductor 17 of the first conductor layer 9 is connected to the third ground conductor 65 by a via hole 67 filled with a conductor through the dielectrics 13 and 61 in the thickness direction. Configured as a triplate line.
- the strip conductor 19 is sandwiched between the first ground conductor 17 and the third ground conductor 65, so that a transmission line in which leakage is suppressed is configured on the planar line substrate 7. Further, since the opening of the waveguide 3 is sealed by the planar line substrate 7, the waveguide / planar line converter 59 has an airtight function.
- the planar line substrate has a vertically laminated structure, and the first layer constituting the uppermost layer of the planar line substrate is the conductive layer.
- a pair of antenna patterns arranged with a gap in the range inside the opening edge of the wave tube, and arranged around the pair of antenna patterns, and fixed in close contact with the opening edge of the waveguide
- the pair of antenna patterns are characterized in that their open ends are opposed to each other through the gap, and the gap is located immediately below the center line in the width direction inside the waveguide.
- the strip conductor is connected to the antenna pattern through capacitive coupling.
- a dielectric is disposed between the first layer and the second layer.
- each of the pair of antenna patterns constitutes a ⁇ / 4 type resonant antenna.
- the pair of antenna patterns constitute resonant antennas having different resonant frequencies.
- a waveguide / planar line converter having excellent conversion characteristics can be realized.
- Waveguide / planar line converter 3 Waveguide 4 Opening 5 Opening edge 7 Planar line substrate 9, 39, 45 First conductor layer 11, 12 Second conductor Layers 13, 61 Dielectrics 15, 41, 47 Antenna patterns 17, 51 First ground conductors 19, 20 Strip conductor 21 Second ground conductors 23, 25, 67 Via hole 27 Junction 31 Open end 49 Open end 55 Shield cap 63 Third conductor layer 65 Third ground conductor
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
3 導波管
4 開口
5 開口縁部
7 平面線路基板
9、39、45 第1導体層
11、12 第2導体層
13、61 誘電体
15、41、47 アンテナパターン
17、51 第1接地導体
19、20 ストリップ導体
21 第2接地導体
23、25、67 ビアホール
27 接合部
31 開放端
49 開放端部
55 シールドキャップ
63 第3導体層
65 第3接地導体
Claims (11)
- 導波管と、
前記導波管の開口縁部が密着して固定される平面線路基板と、
を有し、
一対のアンテナパターンが、前記平面線路基板における前記導波管の開口縁部内側の範囲に、間隙をおき対向して配置され、
前記一対のアンテナパターンの間に生じる電界の位置および向きが、前記導波管内部における最大電界の位置および向きと一致するように、前記導波管と前記一対のアンテナパターンとが配置されている、
ことを特徴とする導波管・平面線路変換器。 - 前記平面線路基板は、上下方向の積層構造を具備し、
前記平面線路基板の最上層を構成する第1の層は、前記導波管の開口縁部内側の範囲において間隙をおいて配置される一対のアンテナパターンと、該一対のアンテナパターンの周囲に配置されて、前記導波管の開口縁部に密着して固定される第1接地導体とを有し、
前記平面線路基板の最上層の下に配置される第2の層は、前記一対のアンテナパターンが相対する方向に延びて前記一対のアンテナパターンと対向して、前記アンテナパターンに接続されるストリップ導体と、該ストリップ導体の周囲に配置されて、前記第1接地導体に接続される第2接地導体とを有し、
前記一対のアンテナパターンは、前記導波管の開口縁部に密着して固定される前記第1接地導体の部分のうち、前記ストリップ導体の直上に位置する範囲に接触することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。 - 前記一対のアンテナパターンは、これらの開放端が前記間隙を介して対向し、
前記間隙は、前記導波管内部の幅方向中央線の直下に位置することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。 - 前記ストリップ導体は、前記アンテナパターンと容量結合を介して接続されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。
- 前記第1の層と前記第2の層との間には、誘電体が配置されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。
- 前記一対のアンテナパターンは、それぞれλ/4型共振アンテナを構成することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。
- 前記一対のアンテナパターンは、異なる共振周波数を有する共振アンテナを構成することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。
- 開口を有する導波管と、
一対のアンテナパターンと該一対のアンテナパターンに電気的に接続された平面線路とを有し、前記導波管の前記開口の縁部が取り付けられた基板と、を備え、
前記一対のアンテナパターンは、前記導波管の前記開口縁部の内側に、間隙をおいて、互いに対向して配置されている、
ことを特徴とする導波管・平面線路変換器。 - 前記開口縁部は長方形であり、
前記一対のアンテナパターンは、これらの開放端が前記間隙を介して対向し、
前記間隙は、前記開口縁部の短辺の中点を結ぶ線に重なる位置に位置する、ことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。 - 前記一対のアンテナパターンは、前記中点を結ぶ線を中心に線対称の形状に形成されている、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。
- 前記一対のアンテナパターンは、前記開口縁部の長辺の中点を結ぶ線に重なる位置に形成されている、ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の導波管・平面線路変換器。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/143,442 US8970440B2 (en) | 2009-01-19 | 2010-01-19 | Waveguide/planar line converter |
JP2010546680A JP5522055B2 (ja) | 2009-01-19 | 2010-01-19 | 導波管・平面線路変換器 |
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JP2009-008868 | 2009-01-19 | ||
JP2009008868 | 2009-01-19 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014108934A1 (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-17 | Nec Corporation | Wideband transition between a planar transmission line and a waveguide |
JP2015171067A (ja) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-09-28 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | アンテナ用ユニット |
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WO2018057002A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2018-03-29 | Intel Corporation | Waveguide coupling systems and methods |
US10566672B2 (en) | 2016-09-27 | 2020-02-18 | Intel Corporation | Waveguide connector with tapered slot launcher |
US10256521B2 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-04-09 | Intel Corporation | Waveguide connector with slot launcher |
WO2018063367A1 (en) | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Intel Corporation | Millimeter wave waveguide connector with integrated waveguide structuring |
JP6345371B1 (ja) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-06-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 誘電体フィルタ |
US10468737B2 (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-11-05 | Intel Corporation | Assembly and manufacturing friendly waveguide launchers |
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JPH08139504A (ja) * | 1994-11-14 | 1996-05-31 | Nec Corp | 導波管・平面線路変換器 |
JP2002500840A (ja) * | 1997-05-26 | 2002-01-08 | テレフォンアクチボラゲット エルエム エリクソン | マイクロ波伝送装置 |
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JP2006262138A (ja) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Kyocera Corp | 高周波線路−導波管変換器 |
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2010
- 2010-01-19 US US13/143,442 patent/US8970440B2/en active Active
- 2010-01-19 JP JP2010546680A patent/JP5522055B2/ja active Active
- 2010-01-19 WO PCT/JP2010/050574 patent/WO2010082668A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH08139504A (ja) * | 1994-11-14 | 1996-05-31 | Nec Corp | 導波管・平面線路変換器 |
JP2002500840A (ja) * | 1997-05-26 | 2002-01-08 | テレフォンアクチボラゲット エルエム エリクソン | マイクロ波伝送装置 |
JP2004187281A (ja) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-07-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 伝送線路接続装置 |
JP2005039414A (ja) * | 2003-07-17 | 2005-02-10 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 導波管平面線路変換装置 |
JP2006262138A (ja) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-28 | Kyocera Corp | 高周波線路−導波管変換器 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2014108934A1 (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-17 | Nec Corporation | Wideband transition between a planar transmission line and a waveguide |
JP2015171067A (ja) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-09-28 | 日本ピラー工業株式会社 | アンテナ用ユニット |
Also Published As
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JP5522055B2 (ja) | 2014-06-18 |
US20110267249A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
US8970440B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
JPWO2010082668A1 (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
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