WO2010070899A1 - 電力変換回路 - Google Patents
電力変換回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010070899A1 WO2010070899A1 PCT/JP2009/006930 JP2009006930W WO2010070899A1 WO 2010070899 A1 WO2010070899 A1 WO 2010070899A1 JP 2009006930 W JP2009006930 W JP 2009006930W WO 2010070899 A1 WO2010070899 A1 WO 2010070899A1
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- circuit
- arm side
- voltage
- lower arm
- upper arm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/20—Contact mechanisms of dynamic converters
- H02M1/28—Contact mechanisms of dynamic converters incorporating electromagnetically-operated vibrating contacts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion circuit that is constituted by a plurality of upper and lower arms and particularly operates with high power and high frequency.
- the upper and lower arms are alternately switched through a predetermined rest period (usually referred to as dead time) so that the upper and lower arms do not conduct simultaneously and short-circuit.
- a switching operation is generally performed.
- the higher the voltage applied to the switching element, or the higher the operating speed of the switching element the greater the rate of change of the voltage applied to the switching element (usually called dv / dt).
- a charging current flows from the main terminal to the control terminal via the parasitic capacitance C of the other switching element, and the voltage of the control terminal changes in proportion to the value of the charging current.
- the voltage at the control terminal may exceed the threshold voltage of the switching element. If the voltage at the control terminal changes and exceeds the threshold voltage during the specified pause period, the upper and lower arms are turned on at the same time, resulting in a short-circuit condition, switching element destruction, and power converter failure. Bring.
- the malfunctioning mechanism of the lower arm 22u due to the turn-on operation of the upper arm 21u will be described with reference to FIG.
- the upper and lower arms 21u and 22u be a rest period (so-called dead time) in which both are off.
- This idle period is, for example, 1/20 or less of the switching frequency in the inverter.
- the switching frequency is often 15 kHz or less.
- the DC voltage Vdc of the battery 1 is applied between the drain and source of the lower arm 22u.
- the parasitic capacitance 200 of the lower arm 22u is rapidly charged according to the switching speed of the upper arm 21u, and a current Ig flows through the lower arm side gate resistor 104u and the lower arm side arm drive circuit 102u.
- a potential difference corresponding to the value of the lower arm side gate resistance 104u is generated at both ends of the lower arm side gate resistance 104u.
- the potential difference generated at both ends of the lower arm side gate resistance 104u that is, the gate-source of the lower arm 22u.
- the potential difference Vgs between them can be expressed by the following equation.
- Vgs Rg ⁇ Cgd ⁇ (dVdc / dt) That is, the larger the values of the resistance Rg of the lower arm side gate resistance 104u that determines the switching speed of the lower arm 22u, the parasitic capacitance Cgd of the lower arm 21u, or the switching time dVdc / dt of the upper arm 21u, respectively, Vgs becomes larger. It becomes large and the lower arm 22u is liable to malfunction.
- the resistance Rg of the lower arm side gate resistance 104u is a value that determines the switching speed of the lower arm 22u, it cannot be reduced freely. Moreover, since the parasitic capacitance Cgd of the lower arm 21u is determined by the internal structure of the lower arm 22u, it cannot be changed freely. Further, if the switching time dVdc / dt during the turn-on operation of the upper arm 21u is reduced, the switching speed of the upper arm 21u is reduced, resulting in an increase in switching loss.
- Patent Document 1 a negative bias voltage is applied to the control terminal during the OFF operation of the switching element including the voltage change period so that a short-circuit state is not caused even if there is a voltage change of the control terminal due to the charging current. Apply. By doing so, it becomes possible to avoid simultaneous short-circuit operation. For example, it is proposed in the following Patent Document 1.
- a negative bias voltage can be applied only by a circuit such as a capacitor, a diode, and an FET without outputting a negative bias voltage from the power source.
- a circuit such as a capacitor, a diode, and an FET without outputting a negative bias voltage from the power source.
- the above publication also discloses that the restriction can be reduced, and furthermore, the heat generation of the drive circuit can be suppressed.
- the switching element is weak against the negative bias voltage applied to the control terminal, and the longer the time during which the negative bias voltage is applied, the more the switching element is deteriorated.
- the negative bias circuit is composed of circuits such as capacitors, diodes, and FETs, it cannot cope with changes in the characteristics of the switching elements due to the operating state of the switching elements and the surrounding environment. Further, the capacitance of the capacitor constituting the negative bias circuit needs to be determined according to the characteristics of the switching element to be driven, and there is a problem such as lack of versatility.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power conversion circuit that suppresses malfunction caused by application of high dv / dt and greatly improves the life of a switching element in the power conversion circuit. There is.
- the negative bias voltage is applied to the switching element during the off operation corresponding to both the upper arm operation and the lower arm operation. Limit it for a short time.
- the power conversion circuit of the present invention drives the upper arm connected to the high voltage side and the lower arm connected to the low voltage side, the upper arm side gate drive circuit that drives the upper arm, and the lower arm.
- the power conversion circuit including the lower arm side gate driving circuit, the upper arm side gate driving circuit and the lower arm side gate driving circuit are respectively an upper arm side gate driving power source and a lower arm side gate driving power source,
- the upper arm side arm driving circuit and the lower arm side arm driving circuit receive a control signal for controlling the upper arm or lower arm of the upper arm side and the lower arm side arm driving circuit
- the arm drive signal is output
- the lower arm side gate drive circuit further includes a signal output circuit and an off-voltage control circuit, and the signal output circuit completes the turn-off operation of the lower arm and the upper arm.
- the off-voltage control circuit receives the voltage adjustment signal from the signal output circuit and starts the turn-on operation of the upper arm from the end of the turn-off operation of the lower arm. Until a second voltage lower than the first voltage that satisfies the off-state of the lower arm is generated, and after the turn-on operation of the upper arm is completed, the second voltage is increased from the second voltage.
- the output voltage of the lower arm side gate drive power supply is controlled so as to return to the above voltage.
- the signal output circuit includes a timer circuit, and the timer circuit receives both control signals for the upper arm and the lower arm, and both the control signals are off. Both the arm and the upper arm are turned on during the turn-off state, and a timer signal that is turned off after a predetermined period of the on operation after the end of the turn-on operation of the upper arm is output.
- the timer signal of the timer circuit may be received and the output voltage of the lower arm side gate drive power supply may be controlled based on the timer signal.
- the signal output circuit includes an upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit and a lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit, an upper arm side determination circuit, and a lower arm side determination circuit, and the upper arm side
- the side main terminal voltage detection circuit and the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit each detect the main terminal voltage value of the upper arm or the lower arm
- the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit are Receiving the main terminal voltage signal detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit of the self, and based on the main terminal voltage signal, The end of the turn-off operation and the turn-on operation may be detected.
- the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit are respectively main terminal voltage signals detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit.
- the end of the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation of its own arm may be determined based on a comparison between the voltage value of the main terminal voltage signal and a predetermined reference voltage.
- the signal output circuit includes an upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit and a lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit, an upper arm side determination circuit, and a lower arm side determination circuit, and the upper arm side
- the side main terminal current detection circuit and the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit detect the main terminal current value of the upper arm or the lower arm, respectively, and the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit are , Based on the main terminal current signal detected by the upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit, the turn-off operation and the turn-on operation of the upper arm or the lower arm are terminated. It may be detected.
- each of the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit receives a main terminal current signal from the upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit, and Based on the comparison between the current value of the main terminal current signal and a predetermined reference voltage, the end of the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation of its own arm may be determined.
- the signal output circuit includes an upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit and a lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit, an upper arm side determination circuit, and a lower arm side determination circuit, and the upper arm side
- the side control terminal voltage detection circuit and the lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit detect the voltage value of the control terminal of the upper arm or the lower arm, respectively
- the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit Is a turn-off operation and a turn-on operation of its own upper arm or lower arm based on a control terminal voltage signal detected by its own upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit or lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit, respectively. It is also possible to detect the end of.
- each of the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit receives a control terminal voltage signal detected by a control terminal voltage detection circuit of its own arm, and determines the voltage of the control terminal voltage signal.
- the end of the turn-on operation and turn-off operation of its own arm may be determined based on comparison with a predetermined reference voltage.
- the signal output circuit further includes a lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit, and the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit is a main terminal voltage of the lower arm of itself.
- the off-voltage control circuit receives a detection result of the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit, and a second arm generated by the lower arm side gate drive power supply based on the detection result. The voltage value of the voltage may be changed.
- the off-voltage control circuit sets the voltage value of the second voltage generated by the lower arm side gate drive power supply to a lower voltage value as the change rate of the lower arm side main terminal voltage increases. It is also possible to adjust to.
- the off-voltage control circuit sets a voltage value of a second voltage generated by the lower arm side gate drive power supply.
- the first voltage may be maintained.
- the signal output circuit further includes a lower arm side arm temperature detection circuit, and the lower arm side arm temperature detection circuit detects the temperature of the lower arm of itself and controls the off-voltage control.
- the circuit may receive the detection result of the lower arm side arm temperature detection circuit and change the voltage value of the second voltage generated by the lower arm side gate drive power supply based on the detection result.
- the off-voltage control circuit further lowers the second voltage generated by the lower arm side gate drive power supply as the arm temperature of the lower arm detected by the lower arm side arm temperature detection circuit is higher. It is good also as adjusting to a voltage value.
- the power conversion circuit of the present invention drives the upper arm connected to the high voltage side and the lower arm connected to the low voltage side, the upper arm side gate drive circuit for driving the upper arm, and the lower arm.
- the power conversion circuit including the lower arm side gate driving circuit, the upper arm side gate driving circuit and the lower arm side gate driving circuit are respectively an upper arm side gate driving power source and a lower arm side gate driving power source,
- An arm side arm drive circuit and a lower arm side arm drive circuit, the upper arm side gate drive power supply and the lower arm side gate drive power supply supply a voltage to the control terminal of its own upper arm or lower arm
- the upper arm side arm driving circuit and the lower arm side arm driving circuit receive a control signal for controlling the upper arm or the lower arm of the upper arm side arm driving circuit and the lower arm side arm driving circuit.
- the upper arm side gate drive circuit further includes a signal output circuit and an off voltage control circuit, and the signal output circuit completes the turn-off operation of the upper arm and the lower arm.
- the off-voltage control circuit receives a voltage adjustment signal from the signal output circuit and starts the turn-on operation of the lower arm from the end of the turn-off operation of the upper arm. And generating a second voltage lower than the first voltage that satisfies the OFF state of the upper arm, and after the turn-on operation of the lower arm, the second voltage is applied to the first voltage.
- the output voltage of the upper arm side gate drive power supply is controlled so as to return to the above voltage.
- the signal output circuit includes a timer circuit, and the timer circuit receives both control signals for the upper arm and the lower arm, and both the control signals are off. Both the arm and the upper arm are turned on during the turn-off state, and output a timer signal that is turned off after a predetermined period of the on-operation after the end of the turn-on operation of the lower arm.
- the timer signal of the timer circuit may be received and the output voltage of the lower arm side gate drive power supply may be controlled based on the timer signal.
- the signal output circuit includes an upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit and a lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit, an upper arm side determination circuit, and a lower arm side determination circuit, and the upper arm side
- the side main terminal voltage detection circuit and the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit each detect the main terminal voltage value of the upper arm or the lower arm
- the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit are Receiving the main terminal voltage signal detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit of the self, and based on the main terminal voltage signal, The end of the turn-off operation and the turn-on operation may be detected.
- the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit are respectively main terminal voltage signals detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit.
- the end of the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation of its own arm may be determined based on a comparison between the voltage value of the main terminal voltage signal and a predetermined reference voltage.
- the signal output circuit includes an upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit and a lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit, an upper arm side determination circuit, and a lower arm side determination circuit, and the upper arm side
- the side main terminal current detection circuit and the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit detect the main terminal current value of the upper arm or the lower arm, respectively, and the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit are , Based on the main terminal current signal detected by the upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit, the turn-off operation and the turn-on operation of the upper arm or the lower arm are terminated. It may be detected.
- each of the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit receives a main terminal current signal from the upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit or the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit, and Based on the comparison between the current value of the main terminal current signal and a predetermined reference voltage, the end of the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation of its own arm may be determined.
- the signal output circuit includes an upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit and a lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit, an upper arm side determination circuit, and a lower arm side determination circuit, and the upper arm side
- the side control terminal voltage detection circuit and the lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit detect the voltage value of the control terminal of the upper arm or the lower arm, respectively
- the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit Is a turn-off operation and a turn-on operation of its own upper arm or lower arm based on a control terminal voltage signal detected by its own upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit or lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit, respectively. It is also possible to detect the end of.
- each of the upper arm side determination circuit and the lower arm side determination circuit receives a control terminal voltage signal detected by a control terminal voltage detection circuit of its own arm, and determines the voltage of the control terminal voltage signal.
- the end of the turn-on operation and turn-off operation of its own arm may be determined based on comparison with a predetermined reference voltage.
- the signal output circuit further includes an upper arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit, and the upper arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit includes the main terminal voltage of the upper arm of itself.
- the off-voltage control circuit receives a detection result of the upper arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit, and based on the detection result, the second arm generated by the upper arm side gate drive power supply is detected. The voltage value of the voltage may be changed.
- the off-voltage control circuit sets the voltage value of the second voltage generated by the upper arm side gate drive power supply to a lower voltage value as the change rate of the upper arm side main terminal voltage is larger. It is also possible to adjust to.
- the off-voltage control circuit sets a voltage value of a second voltage generated by the upper arm side gate drive power supply.
- the first voltage may be maintained.
- the signal output circuit further includes an upper arm side arm temperature detection circuit, and the upper arm side arm temperature detection circuit detects the temperature of the upper arm, and controls the off voltage.
- the circuit may receive the detection result of the upper arm side arm temperature detection circuit and change the voltage value of the second voltage generated by the upper arm side gate drive power supply based on the detection result.
- the off-voltage control circuit further lowers the second voltage generated by the upper arm side gate drive power supply as the arm temperature of the upper arm detected by the upper arm side arm temperature detection circuit is higher. It is good also as adjusting to a voltage value.
- the upper arm and the lower arm may be composed of MOSFETs.
- the upper arm and the lower arm may be formed of a wide band gap semiconductor containing silicon carbide or gallium nitride.
- the arm drive signal having a voltage lower than the predetermined off-voltage is output from the time when the turn-off operation of the own arm is completed until the turn-on operation of the other arm is started. Immediately after the turn-on operation is completed, the voltage of the arm drive signal is returned to the predetermined off voltage, so that a voltage lower than the predetermined off voltage applied to the control terminal to turn off the arm composed of the switching element is applied. Time can be greatly shortened, and malfunctions due to application of high dv / dt can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to provide a highly reliable power conversion circuit that can suppress the upper and lower arm short-circuit operation in the power conversion circuit and that greatly improves the life of the switching element.
- the end time of the turn-off operation of its own arm and the end time of the turn-on operation of the other arm are grasped by directly detecting the main terminal voltage, main terminal current, or control terminal voltage of the arm.
- the greater the rate of change of the main terminal voltage of the other arm during the on operation the easier it is for the own arm during the off operation to be on and the possibility of a short circuit between the upper and lower arms increases. Since the off voltage to be applied is adjusted to a voltage value lower than the predetermined off voltage, it is difficult to perform an unnecessary on operation of the own arm. Therefore, an off voltage corresponding to the change rate of the main terminal voltage is set to minimize the load applied to the control terminal of the switching element, and malfunction due to application of high dv / dt can be suppressed.
- the off-voltage applied to the control terminal of the own arm is maintained at the predetermined off-voltage, so that it is applied to the control terminal of the switching element. It is possible to suppress malfunction due to application of high dv / dt after suppressing the load.
- the arm threshold voltage reference voltage for turning on the arm
- the arm during the off operation is easily turned on even with a relatively low off voltage. Since the off voltage applied to the control terminal of the arm during the off operation is controlled to be lower, the unnecessary turn-on operation is difficult to perform, and it is possible to realize a malfunction suppression by stable high dv / dt application.
- the power conversion circuit of the present invention when a voltage lower than a predetermined off-voltage is applied to the control terminal of the switching element that is an arm, the application time is significantly shortened. Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable power conversion circuit that suppresses the upper and lower arm short circuit operation in the power conversion circuit and greatly improves the life of the switching element. is there.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a motor drive system for explaining a power conversion circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of an inverter leg provided in the power conversion circuit.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an operation timing chart of the lower arm side gate drive circuit provided in the leg.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a malfunction mechanism of the lower arm due to the turn-on operation of the upper arm.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a motor drive system for explaining a power conversion circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of an inverter leg provided in the power conversion circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a motor drive system for explaining a power conversion circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of an inverter leg provided in the power conversion circuit.
- FIG. 7 is an operation timing chart of the upper arm side gate driving circuit and the lower arm side gate driving circuit provided in the leg.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing the internal configuration of the legs of the inverter provided in the power conversion circuit according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a leg of the inverter provided in the power conversion circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an operation timing chart of the upper arm side gate drive circuit and the lower arm side gate drive circuit provided in the leg.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram showing the internal configuration of the legs of the inverter provided in the power conversion circuit according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an operation timing chart of the upper arm side gate driving circuit and the lower arm side gate driving circuit provided in the leg.
- FIG. 13 is an operation timing chart of the upper arm side gate drive circuit and the lower arm side gate drive circuit provided in the inverter leg of the power conversion circuit according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing an internal configuration of a leg of an inverter provided in the power conversion circuit according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram in which the horizontal axis represents the temperature of the switching element and the vertical axis represents the threshold voltage in a general switching element.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a motor drive system for explaining a first embodiment of an inverter to which the present invention is applied.
- the motor drive system includes a battery 1, an inverter 2, a motor 3, and a control circuit 4.
- the battery 1 supplies DC power to the inverter 2, and the inverter 2 converts DC power supplied from the battery 1 to DC / AC, and supplies AC power to the motor 3.
- the motor 3 is rotationally driven by AC power supplied from the inverter 2.
- the control circuit 4 controls the inverter 2 so that the motor 3 performs a desired operation.
- the inverter 2 is composed of the same number of legs 25u, 25v, 25w as the number of AC power to be output.
- the legs 25u, 25v, 25w are upper arms (connected to the positive side) 21u connected in series between the positive and negative of the battery 1.
- 21v, 21w and lower arms (connected to the negative side) 22u, 22v, 22w, upper arms 21u, 21v, 21w, and upper arm side gate drive circuits 23u, 23v corresponding to the lower arms 22u, 22v, 22w, 23w and lower arm side gate drive circuits 24u, 24v, 24w.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the leg 25u in FIG. 1 in detail.
- the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u includes a lower arm side timer circuit 100u as a signal output circuit, a lower arm side off voltage control circuit 101u, a lower arm side arm drive circuit 102u, a lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u, It comprises an arm side gate resistor 105u.
- the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u outputs an on-voltage of about 10 to 30V with reference to the source potential of the lower arm 22u driven by the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u, and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u An off-voltage of about 0 to -30V is output with reference to the source potential of the lower arm 22u to be driven.
- the off voltage is determined by the threshold voltage that controls the on / off operation of the switching element and the device characteristics of the switching element. In general, in a switching element having a threshold voltage of about 3V, the off voltage is set to about 0 to ⁇ 15V. Moreover, since the reliability of a switching element falls, so that the voltage applied to the control terminal of a switching element becomes high, generally the maximum rated voltage is prescribed
- Control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are input to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 23u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u.
- the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are signals output from the control circuit 4 (not shown here) and are signals for controlling the switching operation of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u.
- the control signal Vg_u2 is input to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u, and the gate drive power supply 103u outputs a signal corresponding to the control signal Vg_u2.
- the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u outputs a signal corresponding to the control signal Vg_u2 to the lower arm side arm drive circuit 102u.
- the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u also supplies power to the lower arm side arm drive circuit 102.
- the lower arm side arm drive circuit 102u amplifies the power of the input signal and outputs it.
- the signal output from the lower arm side arm drive circuit 102u is input to the control terminal of the lower arm 22u via the lower arm side gate resistor 104u.
- Control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 output from the control circuit 4 are input to the lower arm side timer circuit 100u.
- the lower arm side timer circuit 100u outputs a timer signal (voltage adjustment signal) determined by the on / off operation of the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 to the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 101u.
- the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 101u outputs a Vg_off signal determined by the on / off operation of the timer signal to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u. Then, the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u arbitrarily changes the output off voltage in accordance with the Vg_off signal.
- the upper arm side gate drive circuits 23u, 23v, 23w and the lower arm side gate drive circuits 24u, 24v, 24w may all have the same circuit configuration.
- FIG. 3 is a timing chart of the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u for explaining the circuit operation.
- Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are control signals input from the control circuit 4 to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 23u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u.
- the timer signal (voltage adjustment signal) rises between the fall time t1 of the control signal Vg_u2 and the rise time t3 of the control signal Vg_u1, and then a predetermined time (timer time) Ts elapses from the rise time t3 of the control signal Vg_u1. It falls at the time.
- the predetermined time Ts is set in advance to a time until the end of the turn-on operation when the upper arm 21u has actually performed the turn-on operation by the rising of the control signal Vg_u1, or a slightly longer time from the end of the turn-on operation.
- the signal Vg_off operates almost in synchronization with the timer signal. By performing such an operation, it is possible to suppress the malfunction of the lower arm 22u caused by the rapid charging of the parasitic capacitance of the lower arm 22u during the turn-on operation of the upper arm 21u mainly in the high-speed switching operation. it can.
- the period of the predetermined time Ts is desirably three times or less of the period of the falling time t1 of the control signal Vg_u2 and the rising time t3 of the control signal Vg_u1.
- the switching operation of the lower arm 22u is set to a desired speed.
- the malfunction described above can be reliably suppressed in the maintained state.
- the fall time t4 of Vg_off is set after a predetermined time Ts has elapsed from the rise time t3 of the control signal Vg_u1.
- the predetermined time Ts set by the timer circuit 100u is preferably set after the turn-on operation of the upper arm 21u is completed from the rising time t3 of the control signal Vg_u1.
- the other arm of the upper and lower arms when one arm is turned on, only the other arm of the upper and lower arms is controlled to apply a voltage lower than a predetermined off voltage.
- not only the lower arm belonging to the same leg but also all the lower arms belonging to other legs may be controlled to apply a voltage lower than a predetermined off voltage at the same timing.
- the influence of the switching operation of the other phase can be suppressed, and a highly reliable gate drive circuit can be realized.
- the time for applying a voltage lower than the gate voltage to be kept off can be greatly shortened, the device life can be extended.
- the off voltage may be adjusted for each lower arm.
- the off voltage may be adjusted for each lower arm.
- the time for applying a voltage lower than the gate voltage to be kept off can be greatly shortened, the device life of the arm can be extended.
- the predetermined time Ts may be arbitrarily varied according to the voltage and current applied to the device constituting the arm. In this way, the influence of the switching operation at different voltages and currents can be suppressed, and the end of the turn-on operation or turn-off operation can be detected more accurately. Therefore, a highly reliable gate driving circuit can be realized.
- a voltage lower than a predetermined off voltage may be arbitrarily varied according to a voltage and a current applied to the device. In this way, the influence of the switching operation at different voltages and currents can be suppressed, and malfunctions can be suppressed more reliably. Therefore, a highly reliable gate driving circuit can be realized.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic external view of a motor drive system for explaining a second embodiment of an inverter to which the present invention is applied.
- the only difference from FIG. 1 is that the legs 25u, 25v, and 25w are replaced with the legs 250u, 250v, and 250w, and the rest of the configuration is the same.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram for explaining the leg 250u in FIG. 5 in detail.
- the leg 250u includes an upper arm 21u and a lower arm 22u, and an upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and a lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u corresponding to each of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u.
- the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u includes an upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u, an upper arm side first determination circuit 203u, an upper arm side gate resistor 204u, an upper arm side arm drive circuit 205u, and an upper arm side off voltage control.
- the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u is composed of a lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u, a lower arm side first determination circuit 303u, a lower arm side gate resistor 304u, The lower arm side arm drive circuit 305u, the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u, and the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 307u are configured.
- the upper arm and the lower arm are turned off by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u, the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u, the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 307u, and the lower arm side first determination circuit 303u.
- a signal output circuit for making a voltage adjustment signal corresponding to the end of the operation is configured.
- the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u are based on the source potentials of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u driven by the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u, respectively.
- the on-state voltage of about 10 to 30 V is output, and the source potentials of the upper arm 21 u and the lower arm 22 u driven by the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200 u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300 u are set to 0 to An off voltage of about -30V is output.
- Control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are input to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u.
- the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are signals output from the control circuit 4 (not shown here) and are signals for controlling the switching operation of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u.
- the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are input to the upper arm side gate driving power source 201u and the lower arm side gate driving power source 301u, and the upper arm side gate driving power source 201u and the lower arm side gate driving power source are supplied to the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2, respectively. A corresponding signal is output.
- the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u output signals corresponding to the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 to the upper arm side arm drive circuit 205u and the lower arm side arm drive circuit 305u. .
- the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u and the lower arm side arm drive circuit 305u also supply power to the upper arm side arm drive circuit 205u and the lower arm side arm drive circuit 305u.
- the upper arm side arm drive circuit 205u and the lower arm side arm drive circuit amplify the power of the input signal and output it.
- the signals output from the upper arm side arm driving circuit 205u and the lower arm side arm driving circuit 305u are passed through the upper arm side gate resistance 204u and the lower arm side gate resistance 304u, respectively, and are output from the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u, respectively. Input to the control terminal.
- the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 output from the control circuit 4 are input to the first determination circuit 203u on the upper arm side, and further, the signals output from the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u. Is also entered.
- the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u detects the voltage value of the main terminal voltage Vds_u1 of the upper arm 21u, and outputs the detected value to the first determination circuit 203u on the upper arm side.
- the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u outputs a voltage adjustment signal to the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u.
- the voltage adjustment signal output from the first determination circuit 203u on the upper arm side determines the rising timing by the on / off operation of the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2, and further depends on the input voltage value of the upper arm 21u. To determine the falling timing. Then, the upper arm side off-voltage control circuit 206u outputs Vgoff (u1) to the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u in accordance with the signal output from the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u.
- the Vg_off (u1) signal determined by the on / off operation of the signal output from the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u is output to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u. Then, the lower arm side gate drive power supply 103u arbitrarily changes the output off voltage according to the Vg_off (u1) signal.
- the lower arm side first determination circuit 303u, the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit The operation of 307u is the same as the operation of the first determination circuit 203u on the upper arm side and the main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u on the upper arm side, and is therefore omitted.
- the upper arm side gate drive circuits 23u, 23v, 23w and the lower arm side gate drive circuits 24u, 24v, 24w may all have the same circuit configuration.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart of the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u for explaining the circuit operation.
- Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 in FIG. 7 are control signals input from the control circuit 4 to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 23u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u.
- Vds_u1, Vds_u2 and Ids_u1, Ids_u2 are the main terminal voltage and the main terminal current between the main terminals of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u, respectively.
- Vg_off (u1) and Vg_off (u2) are output signals of the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u.
- the following can be generally said about the operation of the switching element. That is, by detecting the main terminal voltages Vds_u1 and Vds_u2 of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u and comparing them with the reference values, the switching operation states of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u can be grasped. That is, it is possible to accurately and promptly detect the end points of the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation.
- the main terminal currents Ids_u1 and Ids_u2 of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u are detected and compared with a reference value, so that the switching operation state of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u can be grasped. That is, it is possible to accurately and promptly detect the end points of the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation.
- the switching operation states of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u can be grasped by detecting the control terminal voltages Vgs_u1 and Vgs_u2 of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u and comparing them with reference values. That is, it is possible to accurately and promptly detect the end points of the turn-on operation and the turn-off operation.
- the control signal Vg_u1 when the control signal Vg_u1 is in the off state and the control signal Vg_u2 is in the on state, the control signal Vg_u2 changes to the off state (time t1 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u2 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u2, the voltage value of Vds_u2 starts to rise, and the current value of Ids_u2 rises in synchronization therewith. Start going down.
- Vds_u2 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u2 becomes almost 0 (time t1 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-off operation is completed.
- the voltage value of Vds_u2 is detected by the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 307u, and it is determined whether or not a predetermined value is exceeded in the lower arm side first determination circuit 303u.
- a determination signal is output from the first determination circuit 303u to the lower arm side off-voltage control circuit 306u (not shown).
- the Vg_off (u2) signal output from the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u is turned on in accordance with the determination signal (at time t2 in the figure).
- the time point t2 may be after the time point t1 ′, and may be substantially the same timing.
- Vg_u1 changes to the on state (at time t3 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u1 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, the voltage value of Vds_u1 starts to fall after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u1, and the current value of Ids_u1 rises in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u1 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u1 becomes almost 0 (time t3 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-on operation is completed.
- the voltage value of Vds_u1 is detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u, and it is determined whether or not it is lower than the reference value of 1A in the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u. Is output from the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u to the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 306u (not shown). Next, the Vg_off (u2) signal output from the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 306u to the upper arm side gate drive power supply 301u is turned off in accordance with the determination signal.
- the reference value of 1A used for determination is desirably 10% or less of the voltage value of the battery 1 applied when the upper arm is turned off.
- Vg_u1 changes to the off state (at time t4 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u1 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u1, the voltage value of Vds_u1 starts to rise, and the current value of Ids_u1 falls in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u1 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u1 becomes almost 0 (at time t4 ′ in the figure).
- Vds_u1 The voltage value of Vds_u1 is detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u, and it is determined whether or not a predetermined value is exceeded in the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u. A determination signal is output from the first determination circuit 203u to the upper arm side off-voltage control circuit 206u (not shown).
- the Vg_off (u1) signal output from the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u to the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u is turned on in accordance with the determination signal (at time t5 in the figure).
- the time point t5 may be after the time point t4 ′, and may be almost the same timing.
- the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u to which the Vg_off (u1) signal is input lowers the output voltage to a voltage that is not affected by voltage fluctuation due to high dv / dt.
- Vg_u2 changes to the on state (at time t6 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u2 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u2, the voltage value of Vds_u2 starts to fall, and the current value of Ids_u2 rises in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u2 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u2 becomes almost 0 (at time t6 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-on operation is completed.
- the voltage value of Vds_u2 is detected by the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 307u, and it is determined whether or not it falls below the reference value of 1B in the lower arm side first determination circuit 303u. Is output from the lower arm side first determination circuit 303u to the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 206u (not shown). Next, the Vg_off (u1) signal output from the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 206u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 201u is turned off in accordance with the determination signal.
- the reference value of 1B used for determination is desirably 10% or less of the voltage value of the battery 1 applied when the lower arm is turned off.
- FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram for explaining the leg 250u in FIG. 5 in detail.
- the difference from FIG. 6 is that the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u and the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 307u are replaced with an upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit 217u and a lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit 317u, Furthermore, the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u and the lower arm side first determination circuit 303u are replaced with an upper arm side second determination circuit 213u and a lower arm side second determination circuit 313u.
- the other configuration is the same as that in FIG.
- the upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit 217u and the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit 317u detect the current between the main terminals of the corresponding arms of the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u, A signal corresponding to the detected value is output to the upper arm side second determination circuit 213u and the lower arm side second determination circuit 313u.
- the upper arm side second determination circuit 213u and the lower arm side second determination circuit 313u include control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 for controlling the switching operation of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u, and an upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit 213u.
- a signal is output to the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u.
- the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u are driven by the upper arm side gate according to the output signals of the upper arm side second determination circuit 213u and the lower arm side second determination circuit 313u.
- Vg_off (u1) and Vg_off (u2) are output to the power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u, and the output voltages of the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u change to arbitrary values. .
- the upper arm side arm drive circuit 205u and the lower arm side arm drive circuit 305u are supplied with power from the upper arm side gate drive power source 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power source 301u, and the upper arm side gate resistor 204u and the lower arm side gate resistor. Signals corresponding to the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are output so that the upper arm 21u and the lower 22u are switched through 304u.
- the upper arm side gate drive circuits 23u, 23v, 23w and the lower arm side gate drive circuits 24u, 24v, 24w have the same circuit configuration.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart of the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u for explaining the circuit operation.
- Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are control signals input from the control circuit 4 to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 23u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u.
- Vds_u1 and Vds_u2 Ids_u1 and Ids_u2 are the main terminal voltage and the main terminal current between the main terminals of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u, respectively.
- Vg_off (u1) and Vg_off (u2) are output signals of the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u.
- Vg_u2 changes to an off state (time t1 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u2 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u2, the voltage value of Vds_u2 starts to rise, and the current value of Ids_u2 falls in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u2 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u2 becomes almost 0 (time t1 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-off operation is completed.
- the current value of Ids_u2 is detected by the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit 317u, and it is determined in the lower arm side second determination circuit 313u whether or not the value is below a predetermined value.
- a determination signal is output from the second determination circuit 313u to the lower arm side off-voltage control circuit 306u (not shown).
- the Vg_off (u2) signal output from the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u is turned on in accordance with the determination signal (at time t2 in the figure).
- the time point t2 may be after the time point t1 ′, and may be substantially the same timing.
- Vg_u1 changes to the on state (at time t3 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u1 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, the voltage value of Vds_u1 starts to fall after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u1, and the current value of Ids_u1 rises in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u1 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u1 becomes almost 0 (at time t3 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-on operation is completed.
- the current value of Ids_u1 is detected by the upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit 217u, and it is determined in the upper arm side second determination circuit 213u whether or not the reference value of 2A has been exceeded. Is output from the upper arm side second determination circuit 213u to the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u (not shown).
- the reference value of 2A used for determination is desirably 90% or more of the maximum current value applied when the upper arm is off.
- Vg_off (u2) signal output from the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u is turned off according to the determination signal.
- Vg_u1 changes to the off state (at time t4 in the figure).
- Vg_u1 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal
- the voltage value of Vds_u1 starts to rise, and the current value of Ids_u1 falls in synchronization with it. start.
- Vds_u1 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u1 becomes almost 0 (time t4 ′ in the figure).
- the turn-off operation is completed.
- the current value of Ids_u1 is detected by the upper arm side main terminal current detection circuit 217u, and it is determined whether or not it falls below the reference value of 2B in the upper arm side second determination circuit 213u.
- a determination signal is output from the upper arm side second determination circuit 213u to the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u (not shown).
- the reference value of 2B used for determination is preferably 10% or more of the maximum current value applied when the upper arm is turned on.
- the Vg_off (u1) signal output from the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u to the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u is turned on in accordance with the determination signal (at time t5 in the figure).
- the time point t5 may be after the time point t4 ′, and may be almost the same timing.
- Vg_u2 changes to the on state (at time t6 in the figure).
- Vg_u2 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal
- Vg_u2 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal
- the voltage value of Vds_u2 starts to fall, and the current value of Ids_u2 rises in synchronization with it. start.
- the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u2 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1, and Ids_u2 becomes almost 0 (time t6 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-on operation is completed.
- the current value of Ids_u2 is detected by the lower arm side main terminal current detection circuit 317u, and it is determined whether or not it exceeds a predetermined value in the lower arm side second determination circuit 313u.
- a determination signal is output from the arm-side second determination circuit 313u to the off-voltage control circuit 206u (not shown).
- the Vg_off (u1) signal output from the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u to the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u is turned off in accordance with the determination signal.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram for explaining the leg 250u in FIG. 5 in detail.
- FIG. 6 differs from FIG. 6 in that the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u and the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 307u are replaced with an upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 227u and a lower arm side 327u, and further, the upper arm side The first determination circuit 203u and the lower arm side first determination circuit 303u are replaced with an upper arm side third determination circuit 223u and a lower arm side third determination circuit 323u.
- the other configuration is the same as that in FIG.
- the upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 227u and the lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 327u are the control terminal voltages (gate-source) of the arm corresponding to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u, respectively. Voltage Vgs) and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected value to the upper arm side third determination circuit 223u and the lower arm side third determination circuit 323u.
- the upper arm side third determination circuit 223u and the lower arm side third determination circuit 323u include control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 for controlling switching operations of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u, and an upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 223u.
- a signal is output to the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u.
- the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u are driven by the upper arm side gate according to the output signals of the upper arm side third determination circuit 223u and the lower arm side third determination circuit 323u.
- Vg_off (u1) and Vg_off (u2) are output to the power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u, and the output voltages of the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u change to arbitrary values. .
- the upper arm side arm driving circuit 205u and the lower arm side arm driving circuit 305u are supplied with power from the upper arm side gate driving power source 201u and the lower arm side gate driving power source 301u, and the upper arm side gate resistance 204u and the lower arm side 304u Thus, signals corresponding to the control signals Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are output so that the upper arm 21u and the lower 22u are switched.
- the upper arm side gate drive circuits 23u, 23v, 23w and the lower arm side gate drive circuits 24u, 24v, 24w have the same circuit configuration.
- FIG. 10 is an operation timing chart of the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u for explaining the circuit operation.
- Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are control signals input from the control circuit 4 to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 23u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u.
- Vgs_u1 and Vgs_u2 and Ids_u1 and Ids_u2 are the control terminal voltage and main terminal current of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u, respectively.
- Vg_off (u1) and Vg_off (u2) are output signals of the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u.
- Vg_u2 changes to an off state (time t1 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u2 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u2, the voltage value of Vgs_u2 starts to rise, and the current value of Ids_u2 falls in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vgs_u2 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the on-state power supply 301u, and Ids_u2 becomes almost 0 (time t1 ′ in the figure).
- Vgs_u2 The voltage value of Vgs_u2 is detected by the lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 327u, and it is determined whether or not the predetermined value is exceeded in the lower arm side third determination circuit 323u. A determination signal is output from the third determination circuit 323u to the lower arm side off-voltage control circuit 306u (not shown).
- the Vg_off (u2) signal output from the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u is turned on in accordance with the determination signal (at time t2 in the figure).
- the time point t2 may be after the time point t1 ′, and may be substantially the same timing.
- Vg_u1 changes to the on state (at time t3 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u1 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, the voltage value of Vgs_u1 starts to fall after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u1, and the current value of Ids_u1 rises in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vgs_u1 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the ON power supply 201u, and Ids_u1 becomes almost 0 (at time t3 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-on operation is completed.
- the voltage value of Vgs_u1 is detected by the upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 227u, and it is determined whether or not the voltage value is lower than a predetermined value in the upper arm side third determination circuit 223u.
- a determination signal is output from the upper arm side third determination circuit 223u to the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u (not shown).
- Vg_off (u2) signal output from the lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u is turned off according to the determination signal.
- Vg_u1 changes to the off state (at time t4 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u1 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u1, the voltage value of Vgs_u1 starts to rise, and the current value of Ids_u1 falls in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vgs_u1 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u, and Ids_u1 becomes almost 0 (time t4 ′ in the figure).
- Vgs_u1 is detected by the upper arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 227u, and it is determined whether or not the reference value of 3A has been exceeded in the upper arm side third determination circuit 223u.
- a determination signal is output from the upper arm side third determination circuit 223u to the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u (not shown).
- the reference value of 3A used for determination is desirably 90% or more of the voltage value of the control terminal applied when the upper arm is turned on. By setting in this way, the end of the turn-off operation of the upper arm can be accurately detected, so that the reliability of the switching element can be improved. Furthermore, it is desirable to set the reference value of 3A according to the gate resistance value connected to the control terminal. In general, as the gate resistance value increases, the timing for turning on or off the switching element is delayed with respect to the timing for turning on or off the control terminal. Therefore, it is desirable to set the 3A reference value to a higher ratio with respect to the voltage value of the battery 1 as the gate resistance value connected to the control terminal is larger. By doing so, the reliability of the switching element can be improved.
- the Vg_off (u1) signal output from the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u to the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u is turned on in accordance with the determination signal (at time t5 in the figure).
- the time point t5 may be after the time point t4 ′, and may be almost the same timing.
- the upper arm-side power supply 202u to which the Vg_off (u1) signal is input reduces the output voltage to a voltage that is not affected by voltage fluctuation due to high dv / dt.
- Vg_u2 changes to the on state (at time t6 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u2 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, the voltage value of Vgs_u2 starts to fall after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u2, and the current value of Ids_u2 rises in synchronization with it. start. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vgs_u2 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u, and Ids_u2 becomes almost 0 (time t6 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-on operation is completed.
- the voltage value of Vgs_u2 is detected by the lower arm side control terminal voltage detection circuit 327u, and it is determined whether or not it falls below the reference value of 3B in the lower arm side third determination circuit 323u. Is output from the lower arm side third determination circuit 323u to the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u (not shown).
- the reference value of 3B used for determination is preferably 10% or more of the voltage value of the control terminal applied when the upper arm is turned off. By setting in this way, the end of the turn-off operation of the upper arm can be accurately detected, so that the reliability of the switching element can be improved. Furthermore, it is desirable to set the reference value of 3B according to the gate resistance value connected to the control terminal. In general, as the gate resistance value increases, the timing for turning on or off the switching element is delayed with respect to the timing for turning on or off the control terminal. Therefore, it is desirable to set the 3B reference value to a higher ratio with respect to the voltage value of the battery 1 as the gate resistance value connected to the control terminal is larger. By doing so, the reliability of the switching element can be improved.
- Vg_off (u1) signal output from the upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u to the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u is turned off in accordance with the determination signal.
- FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram for explaining the leg 250u in FIG. 5 in detail. 6 differs from FIG. 6 in that an upper arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 208u and a lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 308u are added, an upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u, and a lower arm side off voltage.
- the control circuit 306u is replaced with an upper arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 209u and a lower arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 309u.
- the other configuration is the same as that in FIG.
- the “off voltage control circuit” in the claims corresponds to the upper arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 209u and the lower arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 309u in the fifth embodiment.
- the upper arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 208u and the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 308u are the main terminals detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u and the lower arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 307u.
- the time change rate of voltage (so-called dv / dt) is detected.
- Both output signals of the side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 208u and the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 308u are input, and in accordance with these signals, the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit The output voltage of 301u is adjusted.
- FIG. 12 is a timing chart of the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u for explaining the circuit operation.
- Vg_u1 and Vg_u2 are control signals input from the control circuit 4 to the upper arm side gate drive circuit 23u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 24u.
- Vds_u1 and Vds_u2 are main terminal voltages of the arms 21u and 22u, respectively.
- Vg_off (u1) and Vg_off (u2) are output signals of the upper arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 209u and the lower arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 309u.
- Vg_u1 when Vg_u1 is in an off state and Vg_u2 is in an on state, Vg_u2 changes to an off state (time t1 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u2 is not a signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, the voltage value of Vds_u2 starts to rise after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u2. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u2 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u (at time t1 ′ in the drawing). In such a state, the turn-off operation is completed.
- the change rate of the main terminal voltage is detected by the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 308u, and the detection signal dVds / dt_u2 is output.
- the output value of the detection signal dVds / dt_u2 depends on the change rate of the main terminal voltage.
- Vds_u2 It is determined whether or not the voltage value of Vds_u2 exceeds a predetermined value in the first determination circuit 303u on the lower arm side. If it exceeds, the first determination circuit 303u on the lower arm side determines the first value on the lower arm side. A determination signal is output to the off-voltage adjustment circuit 309u (not shown). Next, the Vg_off (u2) signal output from the lower arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 309u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u is turned on according to the determination signal (at time t2 in the figure). .
- the time point t2 may be after the time point t1 ′, and may be substantially the same timing.
- the output voltage value of the Vg_off (u2) signal is a value corresponding to the output voltage value of the output signal dVds / dt_u2 of the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 308u (in the figure, the dVds / dt_u2 signal is In the case of dV / dt_s1, the Vg_off (u2) signal is Vg_off (u2) _s1).
- Vg_u1 changes to the on state (at time t3 in the figure). Then, since Vg_u1 is not a drive signal for directly driving the arm but a control signal, the voltage value of Vds_u1 starts to fall after a predetermined delay time has elapsed from Vg_u1. Then, the switching operation proceeds, and finally Vds_u1 becomes substantially equal to the voltage value of the battery 1 (at time t3 ′ in the figure). In such a state, the turn-on operation is completed.
- the voltage value of Vds_u1 is detected by the upper arm side main terminal voltage detection circuit 207u, and it is determined whether or not the voltage value is lower than a predetermined value in the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u.
- a determination signal is output from the upper arm side first determination circuit 203u to the lower arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 309u (not shown).
- the Vg_off (u2) signal output from the lower arm side first off voltage adjustment circuit 309u to the lower arm side gate drive power supply 302u is turned off according to the determination signal.
- the necessary minimum off voltage can be set according to the rate of change of the main terminal voltage, the above-described effects can be further improved.
- FIG. 13 is a timing chart of the upper arm side gate drive circuit 200u and the lower arm side gate drive circuit 300u for explaining the circuit operation.
- the signals in the figure are the same as those in FIG.
- the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 308u when the output voltage value of the output signal dVds / dt_u2 of the lower arm side main terminal voltage change rate detection circuit 308u is smaller than a predetermined reference value dV / dt_0, the lower arm side first off-voltage adjustment circuit. The output signal of 309u is stopped.
- the rate of change of the main terminal voltage is smaller than the reference value, it is possible to control the application of a voltage lower than a predetermined off voltage, so that the above-described effect can be further improved.
- Embodiment 7 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram for explaining the leg 250u in FIG. 5 in detail. 6 differs from FIG. 6 in that an upper arm side arm temperature detection circuit 210u and a lower arm side arm temperature detection circuit 310u are added, and an upper arm side off voltage control circuit 206u and a lower arm side off voltage control circuit 306u are This is the point that the arm-side second off-voltage adjusting circuit 219u and the lower arm-side second off-voltage adjusting circuit 319u are replaced.
- the other configuration is the same as that in FIG.
- the “off voltage control circuit” in the claims corresponds to the upper arm side second off voltage adjustment circuit 219u and the lower arm side second off voltage adjustment circuit 319u in the seventh embodiment.
- the arm temperature detection circuits 210u and 310u detect the temperatures of the arms 21u and 22u, respectively, and output the detected values to the upper arm side second off-voltage adjustment circuit 219u and the lower arm side second off-voltage adjustment circuit 319u. To do.
- the upper arm side second off voltage adjustment circuit 219u and the lower arm side second off voltage adjustment circuit 319u are arranged according to the detected arm temperatures of the upper arm 21u and the lower arm 22u, respectively.
- the output voltage of the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u is adjusted.
- FIG. 15 is a graph of a general switching element in which the horizontal axis represents the temperature of the switching element and the vertical axis represents the threshold voltage. As can be seen from the figure, the threshold voltage gradually decreases as the temperature of the switching element increases. Therefore, when the switching element is in a high temperature state, there is a possibility of turning on even at a relatively low control terminal voltage.
- the arm temperature is detected, and the output voltages of the upper arm side gate drive power supply 201u and the lower arm side gate drive power supply 301u are adjusted to a value lower than the threshold voltage drop value according to the detected values. This can solve this problem.
- the temperature of the switching element to be detected is preferably a junction temperature, but any other temperature may be used as long as it is in the vicinity of the switching element and has a correlation with the threshold voltage.
- the embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described above.
- the lower arm when the upper arm is turned on, the lower arm is controlled to apply a voltage lower than a predetermined off voltage, and when the lower arm is turned on, the upper arm has a predetermined value.
- control is performed so as to apply a voltage lower than the off-voltage, it is needless to say that the present invention may be applied to only one of them.
- the second to seventh embodiments when one arm is turned on, only the other arm of the upper and lower arms is controlled to apply a voltage lower than a predetermined off voltage.
- the turn-on operation not only the lower arm belonging to the same leg but also all the lower arms belonging to other legs may be controlled to apply a voltage lower than a predetermined off voltage at the same timing.
- the inverter circuit the influence of the switching operation of the other phase can be suppressed, and a highly reliable gate drive circuit can be realized.
- the time for applying a voltage lower than the gate voltage to be kept off can be greatly shortened, the device life can be extended.
- the off voltage may be adjusted for each lower arm.
- the off voltage may be adjusted for each lower arm.
- the time for applying a voltage lower than the gate voltage to be kept off can be greatly shortened, the device life of the arm can be extended.
- the voltage lower than the predetermined off-voltage may be arbitrarily varied according to the voltage and current applied to the device. In this way, the influence of the switching operation at different voltages and currents can be suppressed, and malfunctions can be suppressed more reliably. Therefore, a highly reliable gate driving circuit can be realized.
- the six upper arms and lower arms constituting the inverter need not all be composed of the same switching element.
- the present invention may be applied only to a gate drive circuit that performs a high-speed switching operation and may cause a malfunction due to a high dv / dt.
- At least one of the upper arm and the lower arm constituting the inverter may be a MOSFET.
- the switching operation of a MOSFET is high-speed and has a large parasitic capacitance, so that a malfunction due to high dv / dt is likely to occur.
- a power conversion circuit can be provided.
- At least one of the upper arm and the lower arm constituting the inverter may be a wide band gap semiconductor containing silicon carbide or gallium nitride.
- Wide gap semiconductors are faster in switching operation and larger in parasitic capacitance than general silicon semiconductors due to their materials and structures, and thus are likely to cause malfunctions due to high dv / dt.
- they are not suitable for gate drive circuits that drive wide gap semiconductors.
- the reliability of the control terminal is an important issue. Therefore, as implemented in the present invention, the time for applying an excessive voltage that affects the device life to the control terminal is greatly reduced. Thus, the device life can be extended and a highly reliable power converter can be provided.
- the present invention can realize a highly reliable gate drive circuit that suppresses the upper and lower arm short-circuit operation associated with high-speed switching (high dv / dt) of a power conversion circuit such as an inverter or converter that is driven at high frequency. Since the time for applying a voltage lower than the gate voltage for maintaining the arm in the off state can be greatly shortened and the device life can be extended, hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles, electric compressors, It is useful for all types of motor drive systems including power steering and elevators, as well as power generation systems such as wind power generation systems where miniaturization is strongly desired.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち、下アーム22uのスイッチング速度を決定する下アーム側ゲート抵抗104uの抵抗Rgか、下アーム21uの寄生容量Cgdか、上アーム21uのスイッチング時間dVdc/dtの値が、各々大きいほど、Vgsが大きくなり、下アーム22uの誤動作が生じ易くなる。
図1は、本発明が適用されるインバータの実施形態1を説明するためのモータ駆動システム概略回路図である。ここでは、スイッチング素子としてMOSFETを用いた例を説明する。モータ駆動システムは、バッテリ1、インバータ2、モータ3、制御回路4から構成されている。
図5は、本発明が適用されるインバータの実施形態2を説明するためのモータ駆動システム外略図である。図1に対して、レグ25u、25v、25wをレグ250u、250v、250wに置き換えていることのみが異なり、それ以外は、同様の構成である。
ここで、下アーム側第1の判定回路303u、下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路307uの動作については、上アーム側第1の判定回路203u、上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路207uの動作と同様であるため、省略する。
次に、本発明の別の実施形態について、図8を用いて説明する。
次に、本発明の別の実施形態について、図9を用いて説明する。
次に、本発明の別の実施形態について、図11を用いて説明する。
次に、本発明の別の実施形態について、図13を用いて説明する。
次に、本発明の実施形態7について、図14を用いて説明する。
2 インバータ
3 モータ
4 制御回路
21u~21w 上アーム
22u~22w 下アーム
23u~23w、
200u~200w 上アーム側ゲート駆動回路
24u~24w、
300u~300w 下アーム側ゲート駆動回路
25u~25w、
250u~250w レグ
100u 下アーム側タイマ回路(信号出力回路)
101u、306u 下アーム側オフ電圧制御回路
206u 上アーム側オフ電圧制御回路
102u、305u 下アーム側アーム駆動回路
205u 上アーム側アーム駆動回路
103u、301u 下アーム側ゲート駆動電源
201u 上アーム側ゲート駆動電源
104u、105u、304u 下アーム側ゲート抵抗
204u 上アーム側ゲート抵抗
200 寄生容量
203u 上アーム側第1の判定回路
303u 下アーム側第1の判定回路
213u 上アーム側第2の判定回路
313u 下アーム側第2の判定回路
223u 上アーム側第3の判定回路
323u 下アーム側第3の判定回路
206u 上アーム側オフ電圧制御回路
306u 下アーム側オフ電圧制御回路
207u 上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路
307u 下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路
208u 上アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路
308u 下アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路
209u 上アーム側第1のオフ電圧調整回路
(オフ電圧制御回路)
309u 下アーム側第1のオフ電圧調整回路
(オフ電圧制御回路)
219u 上アーム側第2のオフ電圧調整回路
(オフ電圧制御回路)
319u 下アーム側第2のオフ電圧調整回路
(オフ電圧制御回路)
210u 上アーム側アーム温度検出回路
310u 下アーム側アーム温度検出回路
217u 上アーム側主端子電流検出回路
317u 下アーム側主端子電流検出回路
227u 上アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路
327u 下アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路
Claims (28)
- 高電圧側に接続される上アーム及び低電圧側に接続される下アームと、前記上アームを駆動する上アーム側ゲート駆動回路及び前記下アームを駆動する下アーム側ゲート駆動回路とを備えた電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側ゲート駆動回路及び前記下アーム側ゲート駆動回路は、各々、上アーム側ゲート駆動電源及び下アーム側ゲート駆動電源と、上アーム側アーム駆動回路及び下アーム側アーム駆動回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源及び下アーム側ゲート駆動電源は、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームの制御端子に電圧を供給し、
前記上アーム側アーム駆動回路及び下アーム側アーム駆動回路は、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームを制御する制御信号を受け、この制御信号に応じてアーム駆動信号を出力し、
更に、前記下アーム側ゲート駆動回路は、信号出力回路と、オフ電圧制御回路とを有し、
前記信号出力回路は、前記下アームのターンオフ動作の終了及び前記上アームのターンオン動作の終了に応じた電圧調整信号を出力し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記信号出力回路の電圧調整信号を受け、前記下アームのターンオフ動作の終了から前記上アームのターンオン動作の開始までの期間において、前記下アームのオフ状態を満足する第1の電圧よりも低い第2の電圧を生成し、かつ前記上アームのターンオン動作の終了以後において、前記第2の電圧から前記第1の電圧に戻すように前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源の出力電圧を制御する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項1記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、タイマ回路を有し、
前記タイマ回路は、前記上アーム及び下アームの両制御信号を受け、この両制御信号が共にオフである前記下アーム及び上アームが共にターンオフ状態の期間でオン動作となり、前記上アームのターンオン動作の終了以後となる前記オン動作の所定期間経過後にオフ動作となるタイマ信号を出力し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記タイマ回路のタイマ信号を受け、このタイマ信号に基づいて前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源の出力電圧を制御する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項1記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路と、上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム又は前記下アームの主端子電圧値を検出し、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、前記自己の上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路で検出された主端子電圧信号を受け、この主端子電圧信号に基づいて、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームのターンオフ動作及びターンオン動作の終了を検出する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項3記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路で検出された主端子電圧信号を受け、この主端子電圧信号の電圧値と所定の基準電圧との比較に基づいて、自己のアームのターンオン動作及びターンオフ動作の終了を判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項1記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、上アーム側主端子電流検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電流検出回路と、上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側主端子電流検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電流検出回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム又は前記下アームの主端子電流値を検出し、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、前記自己の上アーム側主端子電流検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電流検出回路で検出された主端子電流信号に基づいて、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームのターンオフ動作及びターンオン動作の終了を検出する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項5記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、前記上アーム側主端子電流検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電流検出回路からの主端子電流信号を受け、この主端子電流信号の電流値と所定の基準電圧との比較に基づいて、自己のアームのターンオン動作及びターンオフ動作の終了を判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項1記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、上アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路と、上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム又は前記下アームの制御端子の電圧値を検出し、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、前記自己の上アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路又は下アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路で検出された制御端子電圧信号に基づいて、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームのターンオフ動作及びターンオン動作の終了を検出する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項7記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、自己のアームの制御端子電圧検出回路で検出された制御端子電圧信号を受け、この制御端子電圧信号の電圧と所定の基準電圧との比較に基づいて、自己のアームのターンオン動作及びターンオフ動作の終了を判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項3記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、更に、下アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路を有し、
前記下アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路は、自己の前記下アームの主端子電圧の変化率を検出し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記下アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路の検出結果を受け、この検出結果に基づいて、前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を変更する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項9記載の電力変換回路において、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記下アーム側主端子電圧の変化率が大きいほど、前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を、一層低い電圧値に調整する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項9記載の電力変換回路において、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記下アーム側主端子電圧の変化率が所定変化率よりも小さいときには、前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を前記第1の電圧に維持する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項3記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、更に、下アーム側アーム温度検出回路を有し、
前記下アーム側アーム温度検出回路は、自己の前記下アームの温度を検出し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記下アーム側アーム温度検出回路の検出結果を受け、この検出結果に基づいて、前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を変更する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項12記載の電力変換回路において、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記下アーム側アーム温度検出回路で検出した下アームのアーム温度が高いほど、前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧を一層低い電圧値に調整する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 高電圧側に接続される上アーム及び低電圧側に接続される下アームと、前記上アームを駆動する上アーム側ゲート駆動回路及び前記下アームを駆動する下アーム側ゲート駆動回路とを備えた電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側ゲート駆動回路及び前記下アーム側ゲート駆動回路は、各々、上アーム側ゲート駆動電源及び下アーム側ゲート駆動電源と、上アーム側アーム駆動回路及び下アーム側アーム駆動回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源及び下アーム側ゲート駆動電源は、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームの制御端子に電圧を供給し、
前記上アーム側アーム駆動回路及び下アーム側アーム駆動回路は、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームを制御する制御信号を受け、この制御信号に応じてアーム駆動信号を出力し、
更に、前記上アーム側ゲート駆動回路は、信号出力回路と、オフ電圧制御回路とを有し、
前記信号出力回路は、前記上アームのターンオフ動作の終了及び前記下アームのターンオン動作の終了に応じた電圧調整信号を出力し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記信号出力回路の電圧調整信号を受け、前記上アームのターンオフ動作の終了から前記下アームのターンオン動作の開始までの期間において、前記上アームのオフ状態を満足する第1の電圧よりも低い第2の電圧を生成し、かつ前記下アームのターンオン動作の終了以後において、前記第2の電圧から前記第1の電圧に戻すように前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源の出力電圧を制御する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項14記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、タイマ回路を有し、
前記タイマ回路は、前記上アーム及び下アームの両制御信号を受け、この両制御信号が共にオフである前記下アーム及び上アームが共にターンオフ状態の期間でオン動作となり、前記下アームのターンオン動作の終了以後となる前記オン動作の所定期間経過後にオフ動作となるタイマ信号を出力し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記タイマ回路のタイマ信号を受け、このタイマ信号に基づいて前記下アーム側ゲート駆動電源の出力電圧を制御する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項14記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路と、上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム又は前記下アームの主端子電圧値を検出し、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、前記自己の上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路で検出された主端子電圧信号を受け、この主端子電圧信号に基づいて、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームのターンオフ動作及びターンオン動作の終了を検出する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項16記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム側主端子電圧検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電圧検出回路で検出された主端子電圧信号を受け、この主端子電圧信号の電圧値と所定の基準電圧との比較に基づいて、自己のアームのターンオン動作及びターンオフ動作の終了を判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項14記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、上アーム側主端子電流検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電流検出回路と、上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側主端子電流検出回路及び下アーム側主端子電流検出回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム又は前記下アームの主端子電流値を検出し、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、前記自己の上アーム側主端子電流検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電流検出回路で検出された主端子電流信号に基づいて、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームのターンオフ動作及びターンオン動作の終了を検出する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項18記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、前記上アーム側主端子電流検出回路又は下アーム側主端子電流検出回路からの主端子電流信号を受け、この主端子電流信号の電流値と所定の基準電圧との比較に基づいて、自己のアームのターンオン動作及びターンオフ動作の終了を判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項14記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、上アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路と、上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路とを有し、
前記上アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路及び下アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路は、各々、自己の前記上アーム又は前記下アームの制御端子の電圧値を検出し、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、前記自己の上アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路又は下アーム側制御端子電圧検出回路で検出された制御端子電圧信号に基づいて、自己の前記上アーム又は下アームのターンオフ動作及びターンオン動作の終了を検出する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項20記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム側判定回路及び下アーム側判定回路は、各々、自己のアームの制御端子電圧検出回路で検出された制御端子電圧信号を受け、この制御端子電圧信号の電圧と所定の基準電圧との比較に基づいて、自己のアームのターンオン動作及びターンオフ動作の終了を判定する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項16記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、更に、上アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路を有し、
前記上アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路は、自己の前記上アームの主端子電圧の変化率を検出し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記上アーム側主端子電圧変化率検出回路の検出結果を受け、この検出結果に基づいて、前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を変更する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項22記載の電力変換回路において、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記上アーム側主端子電圧の変化率が大きいほど、前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を、一層低い電圧値に調整する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項22記載の電力変換回路において、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記上アーム側主端子電圧の変化率が所定変化率よりも小さいときには、前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を前記第1の電圧に維持する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項16記載の電力変換回路において、
前記信号出力回路は、更に、上アーム側アーム温度検出回路を有し、
前記上アーム側アーム温度検出回路は、自己の前記上アームの温度を検出し、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記上アーム側アーム温度検出回路の検出結果を受け、この検出結果に基づいて、前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧の電圧値を変更する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項25記載の電力変換回路において、
前記オフ電圧制御回路は、前記上アーム側アーム温度検出回路で検出した上アームのアーム温度が高いほど、前記上アーム側ゲート駆動電源が生成する第2の電圧を一層低い電圧値に調整する
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項1~26記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム及び下アームは、MOSFETで構成される
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。 - 前記請求項1~26記載の電力変換回路において、
前記上アーム及び下アームは、炭化ケイ素又は窒化ガリウムを含むワイドバンドギャップ半導体により構成される
ことを特徴とする電力変換回路。
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WO2013046420A1 (ja) * | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 半導体駆動回路およびそれを用いた電力変換装置 |
CN103222171A (zh) * | 2010-11-24 | 2013-07-24 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 电动机驱动电路 |
US10547304B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2020-01-28 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor integrated circuit for driving switching device with integrated negative voltage clamp diode |
US10848145B2 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2020-11-24 | Panasonic Semiconductor Solutions Co., Ltd. | Driver circuit, switching control circuit, and switching device |
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JP5206757B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-07 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社デンソー | 電子装置 |
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EP2851631B1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2020-03-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Heat pump device, air conditioner, and cooling machine |
KR102038119B1 (ko) | 2012-11-09 | 2019-10-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 전자 장치, 전원 공급 장치 및 전원 공급 방법 |
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US10547304B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2020-01-28 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor integrated circuit for driving switching device with integrated negative voltage clamp diode |
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