WO2009118993A1 - 単結晶製造装置及び単結晶の製造方法 - Google Patents
単結晶製造装置及び単結晶の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009118993A1 WO2009118993A1 PCT/JP2009/000626 JP2009000626W WO2009118993A1 WO 2009118993 A1 WO2009118993 A1 WO 2009118993A1 JP 2009000626 W JP2009000626 W JP 2009000626W WO 2009118993 A1 WO2009118993 A1 WO 2009118993A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- single crystal
- crucible
- hot zone
- pipe
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B15/00—Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method
- C30B15/14—Heating of the melt or the crystallised materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T117/00—Single-crystal, oriented-crystal, and epitaxy growth processes; non-coating apparatus therefor
- Y10T117/10—Apparatus
- Y10T117/1024—Apparatus for crystallization from liquid or supercritical state
- Y10T117/1032—Seed pulling
- Y10T117/1068—Seed pulling including heating or cooling details [e.g., shield configuration]
Definitions
- the present invention provides a single crystal manufacturing apparatus and a single crystal manufacturing apparatus capable of cooling a hot zone component after pulling up a single crystal having a large diameter of about 200 mm (8 inches) or more by the Czochralski method (hereinafter also referred to as CZ method).
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a crystal.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a general single crystal production apparatus used in the CZ method.
- This general single crystal manufacturing apparatus 20 is for growing a single crystal 31 from a raw material melt 30 by a CZ method, and contains a raw material melt 30 in which a polycrystalline raw material is melted in a main chamber 21. 23, a heater 25 around the crucible 23, and a heat insulating material 26 around the heater 25. Parts such as the crucible 23, the heater 25, and the heat insulating material 26 that are particularly hot are called hot zone parts.
- a pull chamber 22 for storing and removing the pulled single crystal 31 is connected to the upper end of the main chamber 21.
- a gate valve 28 that opens and closes an opening at the upper end of the main chamber 21 is provided between the upper end of the main chamber 21 and the pull chamber 22.
- a single crystal pulling mechanism (not shown) for winding the wire 34 having the seed holder 33 attached to the tip is provided.
- the seed crystal 32 is held at the tip of the seed holder 33, the seed crystal 32 is immersed in the raw material melt 30, and is gently rotated.
- the rod-shaped single crystal 31 is grown by pulling it upward.
- an inert gas such as Ar is circulated in the chamber while evacuating in order to exhaust oxide evaporated from the melt surface.
- the heater When the pulling of the single crystal is finished, the heater is turned off, the gate valve is closed, and the single crystal stored in the pull chamber is taken out. Then, after the hot zone components are cooled, the inside of the chamber is returned to normal pressure, and the hot zone components in the main chamber are disassembled. After the hot zone parts are disassembled, they are cleaned, replaced, etc., and then the hot zone parts are reassembled, the chamber is assembled, the raw material is filled, the vacuum is drawn, and the polycrystalline raw material is melted to pull the single crystal again Do.
- the operation cycle for producing a single crystal by the CZ method includes a single crystal pulling process and a number of processes other than the pulling process as described above. At present, it is difficult to significantly shorten the pulling time. Therefore, it is considered that shortening the time required for the process other than the pulling of the single crystal is effective in improving the operation efficiency, that is, improving the operating rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus and increasing the productivity.
- the ratio of the melting time of the raw material polycrystal before the single crystal pulling and the cooling time of the hot zone parts is large.
- the cooling time of the hot zone parts is determined from the condition that when the inside of the main chamber is returned to normal pressure, the temperature is such that the carbon member such as a heater is cooled to such an extent that it does not deteriorate even when it comes into contact with oxygen in the air. .
- the cooling time reaches about 8 hours for natural cooling and is about half the time required for processes other than pulling. It has become weak.
- the cooling time for hot zone parts is nothing but the suspension period of single crystal manufacturing equipment. Therefore, this cooling time results in a significant decrease in the operating rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus.
- There is no limit to the demand for increasing the diameter of single crystals and many large single crystals having a size of 300 mm (12 inches) or more are also being manufactured. In that case, the heat capacity of the hot zone components has become much larger than the present one, and accordingly, the cooling time has become longer, and the operation rate of the apparatus has been increasingly problematic due to the extended cooling time.
- a cooling cylinder and a cooling auxiliary member for cooling the single crystal immediately after being pulled up are disclosed so as to surround the pulled single crystal. Since the cylinder is separated from the raw material melt remaining in the crucible, it hardly contributes to shortening the cooling time of the hot zone parts after the completion of the pulling of the single crystal.
- the cooling time of the hot zone component is shortened by circulating an inert gas at room temperature or lower in the main chamber.
- the operating rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus is improved.
- the single crystal produced by the technology at that time had a diameter of about 200 mm and the length of the straight body part was about 70 cm, and the polycrystalline raw material required for the production of the single crystal was about 200 kg.
- the length of the straight body of the single crystal to be manufactured is also increased, and the required polycrystalline raw material is about 300 kg and its weight has become heavier.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a single crystal manufacturing apparatus and a single crystal manufacturing system that can cool hot zone components in a main chamber in a short time after pulling up a single crystal having a large diameter, for example, about 200 mm or more. It aims to provide a method.
- the present invention includes at least a main chamber for storing a hot zone component including a crucible, and a pull chamber for storing and taking out a single crystal pulled from a raw material melt stored in the crucible.
- a Czochralski method single crystal manufacturing apparatus comprising: a cooling pipe disposed on the crucible and through which a cooling medium flows; and a moving mechanism for moving the cooling pipe up and down.
- a single crystal manufacturing apparatus which cools the hot zone part by lowering the cooling pipe toward the crucible by the moving mechanism after the crystal is grown.
- At least a step of melting a raw material charged into the crucible, a step of growing a single crystal from the raw material melt and storing it in a pull chamber, and a step of cooling a hot zone component in the main chamber including the crucible A method for producing a single crystal by the Czochralski method, wherein the step of cooling the hot zone component circulates a cooling medium through a cooling pipe disposed on the crucible and directs the cooling pipe toward the crucible.
- a method for producing a single crystal, comprising lowering and cooling the hot zone part is provided.
- the cooling medium is circulated through the cooling pipe arranged on the crucible, and the cooling pipe is lowered toward the crucible. Cooling the hot zone components by radiative cooling, for example, natural cooling, cooling with a cooling cylinder for single crystal cooling, and circulating gas below room temperature in the main chamber
- the hot zone component can be cooled more powerfully than the cooling described above. For example, even for a hot zone component after pulling up a large-diameter single crystal of about 200 mm or more, the cooling time can be greatly shortened. Therefore, the operating rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus is overwhelmingly improved, and the productivity of the single crystal is improved.
- the cooling pipe is preferably one in which a large number of seamless pipes are wound in a ring shape, and the cooling pipe may be one in which a number of seamless pipes are wound in a ring shape.
- the cooling pipe used for cooling the hot zone parts is composed of a large number of seamless pipes wound in a ring shape, the cooling medium is difficult to leak from the cooling pipe, and the inside of the main chamber is covered with the cooling medium. The risk of contamination is reduced.
- the pipe is preferably a copper pipe, and a copper pipe is preferably used as the pipe.
- the copper pipe As the pipe constituting the cooling pipe in this way, the copper has good thermal conductivity, so the atmosphere in the main chamber in contact with the cooling pipe can be quickly cooled, and the hot zone parts It can be cooled in a short time.
- the cooling pipe may be installed in a cooling chamber that can replace the pull chamber, and is replaced with the pull chamber in the cooling process of the hot zone component. Accordingly, a cooling chamber in which the cooling pipe is installed can be disposed on the main chamber, and the cooling pipe can be lowered toward the crucible.
- the cooling pipe is installed in a cooling chamber that can replace the pull chamber.
- the pulling pipe is pulled. Since the cooling pipe is installed in a chamber separate from the chamber, there is no possibility that it will hinder the pulling of the single crystal or cause contamination of the single crystal.
- the cooling chamber preferably includes a gas introduction port for introducing a cooling gas, and it is preferable that the cooling gas is circulated through the main chamber in the cooling process of the hot zone component.
- the cooling chamber that can replace the pull chamber is provided with a gas inlet, and in addition to cooling with the cooling pipe in the cooling process, cooling gas is circulated in the main chamber, thereby further accelerating the cooling of the hot zone components. Can be made.
- a heat exchanger for forcibly cooling the cooling medium is preferably attached, and the cooling medium is preferably forcibly cooled by the heat exchanger.
- the cooling medium circulating in the cooling pipe absorbs the heat released from the hot zone components when passing through the main chamber. Therefore, the cooling medium is circulated by forcibly cooling the cooling medium warmed by the heat exchanger.
- the cooling time of the hot zone parts can be further shortened, and the cost can be reduced.
- the cooling pipe is lowered until it enters the crucible.
- the cooling pipe is lowered until it enters the crucible, so that the radiation cooling effect from the cooling pipe can be exhibited to the maximum.
- hot zone components can be cooled more powerfully than conventional cooling methods, and the heat capacity after pulling up a large-diameter single crystal of, for example, about 200 mm or more is large. Even for hot zone parts, the time required for cooling can be greatly reduced, the operating rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus can be improved, and the productivity of single crystal manufacturing can be improved.
- the growth time for growing the single crystal is 24 hours.
- the raw material polycrystal must be melted before growing the single crystal, and the time required for this is about 12 hours.
- the conventional cooling method cannot cope with the increase in the heat capacity of the hot zone parts, and further reduction of the cooling time has been demanded.
- the present inventor has studied a conventional cooling method for hot zone parts.
- a hot zone component in a red hot state for example, about 800 ° C. if the temperature of the crucible
- the cooling cylinder for this purpose is kept in the state of being arranged on the upper part of the quartz crucible even after the growth of the single crystal.
- convection cooling such as flowing a gas at room temperature or lower into the main chamber.
- either method is a passive method for dramatically cooling hot zone components.
- the present inventor conducted extensive research to find a method for actively promoting cooling of hot zone components in addition to natural cooling and convection cooling methods. As a result, it was conceived that the cooling speed of the hot zone parts was accelerated by installing the radiation cooling means in the hot zone, and a cooling medium such as cooling water was circulated through the cooling pipe, and this cooling pipe was connected to the hot zone parts.
- the present invention has been completed by conceiving cooling by placing the cooling pipe close to the hot zone part by lowering to a dense part.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a single crystal manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 (A) is when a single crystal is grown and FIG. 1 (B) is when a hot zone component is cooled.
- This single crystal manufacturing apparatus 10 is used in the Czochralski method, and is roughly divided into a main chamber 11 and a pull chamber 12, and an opening at the upper end of the main chamber 11 is opened and closed between these chambers.
- a gate valve 18 serving as a lid is provided.
- the vicinity of a high temperature due to heat radiation from the heater during single crystal growth is referred to as a hot zone, and a part that becomes red hot in the hot zone is referred to as a hot zone part.
- Typical examples of the hot zone part include a crucible 13 and a heater 15. , And a heat insulating material 16.
- the pull chamber 12 is a chamber for storing and taking out the single crystal 6 pulled up from the raw material melt 9 stored in the crucible 13.
- a single crystal pulling mechanism 19 having a wire is disposed above the pull chamber 12, and the seed crystal 5 can be held by a seed crystal holder 17 at the tip of the pulling mechanism 19.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 10 further includes a cooling pipe 1 through which a cooling medium is circulated as shown in FIG. 1B and a moving mechanism 3 that moves the cooling pipe 1 up and down.
- a cooling pipe 1 through which a cooling medium is circulated as shown in FIG. 1B and a moving mechanism 3 that moves the cooling pipe 1 up and down.
- the cooling pipe 1b is connected to the cooling pipe 1 by connecting the pipe 1a communicating from the outside to the inside of the pull chamber 12 with the flexible pipe 1b. Can be moved up and down.
- the moving mechanism 3 that moves the cooling pipe up and down may also serve as the pulling mechanism 19 that pulls up the single crystal.
- the operation of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 10 is as follows. After the single crystal is grown, the pulled single crystal 6 and the cooling pipe 1 are replaced, the cooling medium flows through the cooling pipe 1, and the cooling pipe 1 is moved by the moving mechanism 3. It stops on the raw material melt which descend
- the cooling pipe 1 and the moving mechanism 3 may be installed in advance in the pull chamber.
- the cooling means for the hot zone parts is further installed in the single crystal manufacturing apparatus, so that the conventional cooling method, for example, natural cooling, cooling with a cooling cylinder for single crystal cooling, and below normal temperature Rather than cooling the gas through the main chamber, the radiant cooling effect of the cooling pipe placed in the hot zone can strongly cool the hot zone components.
- the cooling time can be greatly shortened. Therefore, the operating rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus is overwhelmingly improved, and the productivity of the single crystal is improved.
- the cooling pipe 1 is a thing with many seamless pipes wound by the ring shape.
- the cooling pipe used for cooling the hot zone parts is made up of a large number of seamless pipes wound in a ring shape, so that the cooling medium is unlikely to leak from the cooling pipe and the main chamber may be contaminated with the cooling medium. Decrease.
- the pipe of the cooling pipe 1 is preferably a copper pipe.
- the cooling pipe has a good thermal conductivity, the heat removal effect is enhanced, and the atmosphere in the main chamber in contact with the cooling pipe can be quickly cooled.
- the cooling medium to be circulated through the cooling pipe is not particularly limited, and may be cooling water such as pure water. Further, in order to forcibly cool the cooling medium and further promote the cooling of the hot zone components, it is preferable to install a heat exchanger (not shown) in the single crystal manufacturing apparatus. If the cooling medium can be forcibly cooled through the cooling pipe by the heat exchanger installed in the single crystal manufacturing apparatus in this way, the cooling effect can be reduced during the cooling process, regardless of how many times the cooling medium is circulated and passed through the hot zone. Can last. Therefore, the total amount of cooling water used can be reduced, which is advantageous in terms of cost.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4A shows a single crystal growing time
- FIG. 4B shows a hot zone component cooling time.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4, and FIGS. 5A and 5B correspond to FIGS. 4A and 4B, respectively.
- the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a cooling chamber 2 separate from the pull chamber 12, and a cooling pipe 1 is installed in the cooling chamber 2. It has been done.
- the pull chamber 12 and the cooling chamber 2 can be driven by a hydraulic unit 8, for example.
- the gate valve 18 is closed so that the main chamber 11 is not in contact with the outside air, the pull chamber and the cooling chamber are replaced, the gate valve is opened, and the cooling pipe is lowered.
- the cooling process can be performed. Further, since the cooling pipe 1 is not installed in the pull chamber 12, the cooling pipe is not disturbed during pulling of the single crystal, and further, the grown single crystal is not contaminated. Furthermore, the trouble of replacing the grown single crystal and the cooling pipe can be saved.
- the cooling chamber 2 is provided with a moving mechanism 3 so that the cooling pipe 1 can be moved up and down. Moreover, it is preferable that the gas inlet 4 for introducing the cooling gas is formed. As described above, since the gas inlet 4 is formed in the cooling chamber 2 including the cooling pipe 1, the cooling gas introduced from the gas inlet 4 in addition to the radiation cooling effect of the hot zone components by the cooling pipe 1. Thus, a convective cooling effect can also be desired. Therefore, the cooling of the hot zone component can be further accelerated.
- a gas discharge port 14 for discharging the introduced gas is provided at the bottom of the main chamber.
- raw material polycrystal is put into a crucible 13, and the raw material polycrystal is melted by a heater 15 to obtain a raw material melt 9.
- a heater 15 for example, when the diameter is about 200 mm and the length of the straight body portion is about 1 m, about 300 kg of the raw material polycrystal is used.
- the seed crystal 5 is brought into contact with the melted raw material melt 9 as shown in FIG. 1A, and the single crystal 6 is grown by the Czochralski method.
- the growing single crystal 6 is cooled by the cooling cylinder 7 while being accommodated in the pull chamber 12 from the main chamber 11.
- the single crystal 6 having a desired length is completely accommodated in the pull chamber 12, the gate valve 18 is closed to seal the main chamber 11, and the single crystal 6 grown from the pull chamber 12 is taken out.
- the cooling pipe 1 is installed in the pull chamber 12, and the cooling medium is circulated through the cooling pipe 1 disposed on the crucible 13.
- the cooling pipe 1 is connected to the pipe 1 a communicating from the outside to the inside of the pull chamber 12 by the flexible tube 1 b and can be moved up and down by the moving mechanism 3.
- the cooling pipe 1 is moved down toward the crucible 13 by the moving mechanism 3 to cool the hot zone components in the main chamber 11.
- a cooling medium is circulated through a cooling pipe disposed on the crucible, and the cooling pipe is lowered toward the crucible and left to stand.
- the conventional cooling methods for example, natural cooling, cooling by a cooling cylinder for single crystal cooling, and cooling by circulating a gas below room temperature in the main chamber
- the hot zone component can be strongly cooled, and the cooling time can be greatly shortened even for a hot zone component after pulling up a large-diameter single crystal of, for example, about 200 mm or more. Therefore, the operating rate of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus is overwhelmingly improved, and the productivity of the single crystal is improved.
- the cooling pipe 1 in which a large number of seamless pipes are wound in a ring shape.
- the cooling pipe used for cooling the hot zone parts is made of a ring in which a large number of seamless pipes are wound in a ring shape, so that the cooling medium is difficult to leak from the cooling pipe, and the inside of the main chamber is cooled. This reduces the risk of contamination.
- the heat conductivity of the cooling pipe is improved, the heat removal effect is improved, and the atmosphere in the main chamber in contact with the cooling pipe can be efficiently radiated and cooled.
- the zone parts can be cooled in a short time.
- the cooling pipe 1 When the cooling pipe 1 is lowered by the moving mechanism 3, it is preferable that the cooling pipe is lowered until it enters the crucible 13 as shown in FIG. Thus, when the hot zone component is cooled, the cooling pipe is lowered until it enters the crucible, so that the radiation cooling effect from the cooling pipe can be exhibited to the maximum.
- the cooling process when the pull chamber and the cooling chamber are exchanged as shown in FIGS.
- the cooling pipe is not installed in the pull chamber but is installed in a new cooling chamber, after the growth of the single crystal, the gate valve 18 is closed and the single crystal 6 accommodated in the pull chamber 12 is taken out.
- the pull chamber 12 is removed from the main chamber 11 by the hydraulic unit 8, the cooling chamber 2 is swung to the position where the pull chamber 12 is placed, and the cooling chamber 2 is arranged on the main chamber 11.
- the cooling pipe 1 is installed on the crucible 13 (see FIG. 5).
- the cooling pipe 1 is lowered toward the crucible 13 by the moving mechanism 3.
- the cooling pipe can be easily arranged on the crucible, and since the cooling pipe 1 is not installed in the pull chamber 12, the single crystal is pulled up. There is no risk that the cooling pipe will get in the way, and there is no risk of contaminating the grown single crystal.
- the cooling gas In order to further promote the cooling of the hot zone components, it is preferable to circulate the cooling gas into the main chamber 11 from the gas inlet 4 provided in the cooling chamber replaceable with the pull chamber.
- the cooling of the hot zone component can be further accelerated by combining the convection cooling by the cooling gas.
- Such convection cooling with a cooling gas in addition to radiation cooling can naturally be performed even when the cooling chamber as shown in FIG. 1 is not provided, and the effect can be exhibited.
- the cooling gas introduced from the gas inlet 4 is discharged from a gas outlet 14 provided at the bottom of the main chamber 11 of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus.
- the type of the cooling gas is not particularly limited as long as it does not contaminate the inside of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus.
- the same gases as those circulated during the growth of the single crystal can be used.
- An inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas can be used.
- the introduced gas may be cooled to room temperature or lower.
- the cooling pipe 1 is pulled up by the moving mechanism 3, the hot zone parts are cleaned and replaced, the raw material is filled in the crucible, and the process returns to the raw material polycrystal melting step.
- a cooling chamber is used in the cooling process, the next single crystal is grown by replacing the pull chamber.
- a refrigerator and an antifreeze liquid can be combined to cool the cooling medium flowing through the cooling pipe and promote the cooling of the hot zone components.
- Example 1 With the single crystal manufacturing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 of the present invention, the cooling time of the hot zone components was measured as follows. As the crucible of the single crystal manufacturing apparatus used in Example 1, a crucible having a diameter of about 600 mm for pulling up a single crystal having a diameter of 200 mm was used. Then, using the quartz crucible of this size, the raw material polycrystal was melted over 12 hours, and a single crystal having a diameter of about 200 mm and a length of the straight body portion of about 1 m was grown over 24 hours. After the growth of the single crystal was completed, the heater was turned off and the crystal was taken out of the pull chamber, and then the temperature of the graphite crucible supporting the quartz crucible was measured and found to be about 800 ° C.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring the temperature of the graphite crucible 13, which is a representative hot zone component. As a result, the temperature of the crucible became about 50 ° C. in about 4 hours, and the cooling of the hot zone components was completed.
- Example 2 The melting time and amount of the raw material, the diameter of the grown single crystal, the length of the straight body portion, and the growing time were performed under the same conditions as in Example 1. Next, the cooling water of about 20 ° C. is circulated through the cooling pipe, lowered to the barely touching position of the raw material melt remaining in the crucible, and the normal temperature argon gas is circulated from the gas inlet. The hot zone parts were cooled by combining radiation cooling by a tube and convection cooling by a cooling gas. The single crystal production apparatus used was the same as in Example 1, and cooling with the cooling cylinder for cooling the single crystal was continued.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring the temperature of the graphite crucible 13, which is a representative hot zone component. As a result, the temperature of the crucible reached about 50 ° C. in about 2 hours, and the cooling of the hot zone components was completed.
- Example 1 Comparative Example 1
- the raw material melting time and amount, the diameter of the grown single crystal, the length of the straight body, and the growing time were the same as those in Example 1.
- the natural cooling of the hot zone component is performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cooling pipe is not used, the cooling gas is not circulated, and the cooling cylinder for cooling the single crystal is also stopped. Went.
- the results of measuring the temperature of a graphite crucible, which is a representative hot zone component, are shown in FIG. As a result, the temperature of the crucible became about 50 ° C. in about 8 hours, and the cooling of the hot zone components was completed.
- Example 2 Comparative Example 2
- the raw material melting time and amount, the diameter of the grown single crystal, the length of the straight body, and the growing time were the same as those in Example 1.
- the hot zone component was cooled under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the cooling pipe was not used. That is, only cooling by a cooling cylinder for single crystal cooling was performed.
- the results of measuring the temperature of a graphite crucible, which is a representative hot zone component, are shown in FIG. As a result, the temperature of the crucible became about 50 ° C. in about 6 hours, and the cooling of the hot zone parts was completed.
- the cooling of the hot zone parts can be shortened to 4 hours by adopting the cooling method of the first embodiment, that is, the radiation cooling by the cooling pipe.
- the cooling of the hot zone components can be shortened to 2 hours by combining the cooling method, that is, the radiation cooling by the cooling pipe and the convection cooling by the cooling gas. Therefore, the production cost can be reduced by shortening the total operating time by 8 to 10%.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the above embodiment is merely an example, and the present invention has the same configuration as that of the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention, and any device that exhibits the same function and effect is the present invention. It is included in the technical idea of the invention.
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Abstract
Description
この一般的な単結晶製造装置20は、CZ法によって原料融液30から単結晶31を成長させるものであって、メインチャンバー21内に、多結晶原料を溶融した原料融液30を収容するルツボ23と、該ルツボ23の周囲にヒーター25と、該ヒーター25の周囲に断熱材26とを収納して構成されている。
特に熱を帯びるルツボ23、ヒーター25、断熱材26といった部品は、ホットゾーン部品と呼ばれている。
このとき、チャンバー内には、融液表面から蒸発した酸化物を排気するために真空排気を行いながらAr等の不活性ガスを流通させる。
しかし、当時の技術で製造する単結晶は、直径が約200mm、直胴部の長さが約70cm程度であり、単結晶製造に要する多結晶原料は約200kg程度であったが、現在では、引上げ効率の向上のため製造する単結晶の直胴長さも長くなり、必要とする多結晶原料は約300kgとその重量が重くなってきている。
上述したように、原料融液として溶融する多結晶原料の量が多ければ多いほど、ルツボを含むホットゾーン部品は大型化し、その熱容量も大きくなる一方である。
そのため、特開平9-235173号公報のように常温以下のガスをチャンバー内に流通させる方法だけでは、熱容量がさらに増加したホットゾーン部品を短時間で冷却するには充分とは言えず、冷却時間の更なる短縮が求められていた。
このように、ホットゾーン部品の冷却に使用する冷却管が、継ぎ目のないパイプがリング状に多数巻きされたものであることにより、冷却媒体が冷却管から漏れにくく、メインチャンバー内を冷却媒体で汚染する恐れが減少する。
このように冷却管を構成するパイプとして銅パイプを使用することにより、銅は熱伝導率が良好であるため、冷却管と接するメインチャンバー内の雰囲気をすばやく冷却することができ、ホットゾーン部品を短時間で冷却することができる。
このように、プルチャンバーと置換可能なクーリングチャンバーにガス導入口を設け、冷却工程において冷却管による冷却に加えて、冷却ガスをメインチャンバー内に流通させることにより、ホットゾーン部品の冷却をさらに加速させることができる。
冷却管の中を流通する冷却媒体は、メインチャンバー内を通過するとホットゾーン部品から放出される熱を吸収するため、熱交換器により温まった冷却媒体を強制冷却することで、冷却媒体を循環させてもさらにホットゾーン部品の冷却時間を短縮することができ、コストの低減も図れる。
このように、ホットゾーン部品の冷却時に、冷却管をルツボの内部に入り込むまで降下させることで、冷却管からの輻射冷却効果を最大限に発揮することができる。
まず、本発明の単結晶製造装置について説明する。
図1は、本発明にかかる単結晶製造装置の第1実施形態を示す概略図であり、図1(A)は単結晶育成時、図1(B)はホットゾーン部品の冷却時である。
この単結晶製造装置10はチョクラルスキー法で使用されるものであり、大きく分けてメインチャンバー11とプルチャンバー12を具備し、これらのチャンバーの間にはメインチャンバー11の上端の開口部を開閉するための蓋となるゲートバルブ18が設けられている。
特に単結晶成長中にヒーターからの放熱により高温となる付近をホットゾーンと呼び、ホットゾーンで赤熱状態となる部品をホットゾーン部品と呼び、このホットゾーン部品の代表は、例えばルツボ13、ヒーター15、そして断熱材16である。
このプルチャンバー12の上部には、ワイヤを具備する単結晶の引上げ機構19が配置され、引上げ機構19の先端には種結晶ホルダ17により種結晶5を保持させることができる。
冷却管1を移動機構3により上下動可能とするためには、例えば、プルチャンバー12の外から中へと通じている管1aと冷却管1とをフレキシブルチューブ1bで接続することにより、冷却管を上下動させることができる。
尚、冷却管を上下動させる移動機構3は単結晶を引上げる引上げ機構19と兼務させてもよい。
ホットゾーン部品の冷却に使用する冷却管が、継ぎ目のないパイプがリング状に多数巻きされたものであることにより、冷却媒体が冷却管から漏れにくく、メインチャンバー内を冷却媒体で汚染する恐れが減少する。
図4は、本発明にかかる単結晶製造装置の第2の実施形態を示す概略図である。図4(A)は単結晶の育成時、図4(B)はホットゾーン部品の冷却時を示している。また、図5は、図4の平面図であり、図5(A)及び図5(B)は、それぞれ図4(A)及び図4(B)と対応している。
また、プルチャンバー12内に冷却管1を設置しないため、単結晶引き上げ中に冷却管が邪魔となる恐れがなく、さらに、育成した単結晶を汚染する恐れもない。さらに、育成の終了した単結晶と、冷却管を付け替えるといった手間も省ける。
まず、図1に示す単結晶製造装置10において、ルツボ13に原料多結晶を投入し、ヒーター15により原料多結晶を溶融して原料融液9とする。これには、原料多結晶の溶融量にもよるが、例えば直径約200mm、直胴部の長さが約1mの場合、約300kgの原料多結晶を使用する。
そして、冷却管1をルツボ13に向けて移動機構3により降下させ、メインチャンバー11内のホットゾーン部品を冷却する。
このように、ホットゾーン部品の冷却に使用する冷却管が、継ぎ目のないパイプがリング状に多数巻きされたものを使用することにより、冷却媒体が冷却管から漏れにくく、メインチャンバー内を冷却媒体で汚染する恐れが減少する。
このように、ホットゾーン部品の冷却時に、冷却管をルツボの内部に入り込むまで降下させることで、冷却管からの輻射冷却効果を最大限に発揮することができる。
冷却管をプルチャンバーに設置せずに、新たなクーリングチャンバーに設置してある場合、単結晶の育成後、ゲートバルブ18を閉めてプルチャンバー12に収容された単結晶6を取り出す。そして、図5のように油圧ユニット8によりプルチャンバー12をメインチャンバー11の上からはずし、プルチャンバー12が載っていた位置にクーリングチャンバー2をスイングし、メインチャンバー11上にクーリングチャンバー2を配置してプルチャンバーと置換することにより冷却管1がルツボ13上に設置される(図5参照)。
次に、移動機構3によりルツボ13に向かって冷却管1を降下する。
単結晶育成時に使用するガスと同様のガスを使用することで、冷却ガスの用意の手間やそのための別途の装置の設置を省ける。
(実施例1)
本発明の図1に示す単結晶製造装置10で以下のようにホットゾーン部品の冷却時間の測定を行った。
この実施例1で使用した単結晶製造装置のルツボは、直径200mmの単結晶を引上げるための直径約600mmのルツボを使用した。そして、この大きさの石英ルツボを使用して、原料多結晶を12時間かけて溶融し、直径約200mm、直胴部の長さが約1mである単結晶を24時間かけて育成した。単結晶の育成終了後、ヒーターを切電し、プルチャンバーから結晶を取出した後、石英ルツボを支持する黒鉛ルツボの温度を測定したところ、約800℃であった。
ホットゾーン部品の代表である黒鉛ルツボ13の温度を測定した結果を図3に示す。
この結果、約4時間でルツボの温度が約50℃となり、ホットゾーン部品の冷却を終了することができた。
原料の溶融時間と溶融量、育成した単結晶の直径、直胴部の長さ、育成時間は実施例1と同じ条件で行った。
次に、冷却管に約20℃の冷却水を流通させ、ルツボに残った原料融液の直上の接しないぎりぎりの位置まで降下させ、ガス導入口より常温のアルゴンガスを流通させることで、冷却管による輻射冷却と冷却ガスによる対流冷却を組み合わせてホットゾーン部品の冷却を行った。単結晶製造装置は、実施例1と同様のものを使用し、単結晶冷却用の冷却筒による冷却は続行した。
ホットゾーン部品の代表である黒鉛ルツボ13の温度を測定した結果を図3に示す。
この結果、約2時間でルツボの温度が約50℃となり、ホットゾーン部品の冷却を終了することができた。
比較のため、原料の溶融時間と溶融量、育成した単結晶の直径、直胴部の長さ、育成時間は実施例1と同じ条件で行った。
次に冷却管を使用せず、また、冷却ガスを流通させず、さらに単結晶冷却用の冷却筒も冷却を停止した事以外は、実施例1と同様の条件でホットゾーン部品の自然放冷を行った。
ホットゾーン部品の代表である黒鉛ルツボの温度を測定した結果を図3に示す。
この結果、約8時間でルツボの温度が約50℃となり、ホットゾーン部品の冷却を終了した。
比較のため、原料の溶融時間と溶融量、育成した単結晶の直径、直胴部の長さ、育成時間は実施例1と同じ条件で行った。
次に、冷却管を使用しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同一の条件でホットゾーン部品の冷却を行った。すなわち、単結晶冷却用の冷却筒による冷却のみとした。
ホットゾーン部品の代表である黒鉛ルツボの温度を測定した結果を図3に示す。
この結果、約6時間でルツボの温度が約50℃となり、ホットゾーン部品の冷却を終了した。
Claims (13)
- 少なくとも、ルツボを含むホットゾーン部品を収容するメインチャンバーと、
前記ルツボに収容された原料融液から引上げられる単結晶を収納して取り出すためのプルチャンバーとを具備するチョクラルスキー法による単結晶製造装置であって、
さらに、前記ルツボ上に配置され冷却媒体が流通される冷却管と、該冷却管を上下動させる移動機構とを具備し、
前記単結晶の育成後に、前記移動機構により前記冷却管が前記ルツボに向けて降下することで前記ホットゾーン部品を冷却するものであることを特徴とする単結晶製造装置。
- 前記冷却管は、継ぎ目のないパイプがリング状に多数巻きされたものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の単結晶製造装置。
- 前記パイプは、銅パイプであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の単結晶製造装置。
- 前記冷却管は、前記プルチャンバーと置換可能なクーリングチャンバーに設置されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶製造装置。
- 前記クーリングチャンバーは、冷却ガスを導入するガス導入口を具備するものであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の単結晶製造装置。
- 前記冷却媒体を強制冷却するための熱交換器が取付けられたものであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶製造装置。
- 少なくとも、ルツボに投入した原料を溶融する工程と、
該原料融液から単結晶を育成し、プルチャンバーに収納する工程と、
前記ルツボを含むメインチャンバー内のホットゾーン部品を冷却する工程とを含むチョクラルスキー法による単結晶の製造方法であって、
前記ホットゾーン部品の冷却工程は、前記ルツボ上に配置された冷却管に冷却媒体を流通させ、該冷却管を前記ルツボに向けて降下させて前記ホットゾーン部品を冷却することを含むことを特徴とする単結晶の製造方法。
- 前記冷却管として継ぎ目のないパイプがリング状に多数巻きされたものを使用することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の単結晶の製造方法。
- 前記パイプとして銅パイプを使用することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の単結晶の製造方法。
- 前記ホットゾーン部品の冷却工程において、前記プルチャンバーと置換することにより前記冷却管が設置されたクーリングチャンバーを前記メインチャンバー上に配置して、前記ルツボに向かって前記冷却管を降下させることを特徴とする請求項7乃至請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶の製造方法。
- 前記ホットゾーン部品の冷却工程で、前記メインチャンバーに冷却ガスを流通させることを特徴とする請求項7乃至請求項10のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶の製造方法。
- 前記冷却媒体を熱交換器により強制冷却することを特徴とする請求項7乃至請求項11のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶の製造方法。
- 前記ホットゾーン部品の冷却工程において、前記冷却管を前記ルツボの内部に入り込むまで降下させることを特徴とする請求項7乃至請求項12のいずれか1項に記載の単結晶の製造方法。
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