WO2009116456A1 - 発光素子材料及び発光素子 - Google Patents
発光素子材料及び発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009116456A1 WO2009116456A1 PCT/JP2009/054834 JP2009054834W WO2009116456A1 WO 2009116456 A1 WO2009116456 A1 WO 2009116456A1 JP 2009054834 W JP2009054834 W JP 2009054834W WO 2009116456 A1 WO2009116456 A1 WO 2009116456A1
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- Prior art keywords
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- light emitting
- general formula
- aryl
- light
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000005013 aryl ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-VQHVLOKHSA-N trans-dipyrrin Chemical group C=1C=CNC=1/C=C1\C=CC=N1 OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-VQHVLOKHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 1,2-bis[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]benzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KXMKGOPUYUWQHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)phenyl]-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC(C=4C=CC=C(C=4)C=4N=C5C6=NC=CC=C6C=CC5=CC=4)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 KXMKGOPUYUWQHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-thiadiazole Chemical group C1=CSN=N1 UGUHFDPGDQDVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MNCMBBIFTVWHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-anthracen-9-yl-2,2,2-trifluoroethanone Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)C(F)(F)F)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=CC2=C1 MNCMBBIFTVWHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Definitions
- the present invention is an element that converts electrical energy into light, and can be used in the fields of display elements, flat panel displays, backlights, lighting, interiors, signs, signboards, electrophotographic machines, optical signal generators, and the like. It is about.
- a typical structure of an organic laminated thin film light emitting device presented by a research group of Kodak Company is a hole transporting diamine compound on an ITO glass substrate, 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum as a light emitting layer, and Mg: Ag as a cathode. They were sequentially provided, and green light emission of 1000 cd / m 2 was possible with a driving voltage of about 10V.
- Some organic multilayer thin film light emitting elements have different configurations such as those provided with an electron transport layer in addition to the above-described element constituent elements, but basically follow the configuration of Kodak Company.
- Organic thin-film light-emitting elements can obtain various emission colors by using various fluorescent materials for the light-emitting layer.
- a highly efficient light emitting element exhibiting three primary colors of blue, green, and red can be obtained.
- Dyes with high emission quantum yields are usually used as dopants.
- complexes with a pyromethene skeleton are necessary to obtain high efficiency as dopants with high emission efficiency, small Stokes shift and emission spectrum peak half-width. It is known that it is a compound with such requirements and exhibits good device characteristics (see Patent Document 1).
- 1,3,5,7,8-pentamethyl-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a, 4a-diaza-s-indacene is a conventional pyromethene compound that exhibits good green color, and has a pyromethene skeleton in the molecule.
- a compound having a plurality of compounds or a compound in which a condensed ring structure having a bridgehead position is introduced into a pyromethene skeleton is known (see Patent Documents 2 to 3). Appl. Phys. Lett. 51 (12) 21, p. 913, 1987) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-118880 JP 2002-134274 A JP 2004-311030 A
- the pyromethene compound exhibits good green light emission, it has been very difficult for the light emitting device to exhibit light emission characteristics excellent in all of light emission efficiency, color purity, and durability life.
- an object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art and to stably provide a green light emitting element having high luminous efficiency, long life and high color purity.
- the present invention is a light emitting device material containing a compound having a pyromethene skeleton represented by the general formula (1) and having a molecular weight of 450 or more.
- R 1 to R 4 are an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group or an aryl ether group, and may be the same or different.
- R 5 and R 6 are each a halogen, hydrogen or an alkyl group
- R 7 is an aryl group, heteroaryl group or alkenyl group, and has a molecular weight of 200 or more
- M is boron, beryllium, magnesium, aluminum, chromium, iron, At least one selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and platinum
- n is an integer of 0 to 4
- m is an integer of 1 to 3
- L is halogen, hydrogen, alkyl group, aryl A monovalent or zerovalent group selected from a group or a heteroaryl group is bonded to M through one or two atoms in the molecule when n is 2 to 4, each L if may be the same or different .m is 2 or 3 with one another, R 1 ⁇ R
- the light emitting device material of the present invention is a compound having a pyromethene skeleton represented by the general formula (1) and having a molecular weight of 450 or more.
- R 1 to R 4 are an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group or an aryl ether group, which may be the same or different.
- R 5 and R 6 are halogen, hydrogen or an alkyl group, and may be the same or different.
- R 7 is any of an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, and an alkenyl group, and has a molecular weight of 200 or more.
- the alkyl group is, for example, a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, and tert-butyl group. This may or may not have a substituent.
- a substituent There are no particular limitations on the additional substituent when it is substituted, and examples thereof include an alkyl group, an aryl group, and a heteroaryl group. This point is also common to the following description.
- the cycloalkyl group represents, for example, a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a norbornyl group, and an adamantyl group, which may or may not have a substituent.
- An alkoxy group refers to a functional group to which an aliphatic hydrocarbon group is bonded via an ether bond such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and a propoxy group, and the aliphatic hydrocarbon group may have a substituent. It may not have.
- An aryl ether group refers to a functional group to which an aromatic hydrocarbon group is bonded via an ether bond, such as a phenoxy group, and the aromatic hydrocarbon group may or may not have a substituent.
- Halogen means fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- the aryl group is, for example, an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, a fluorenyl group, a phenanthryl group, a terphenyl group, an anthracenyl group, and a pyrenyl group, or a group in which a plurality of these are connected, It can be unsubstituted or substituted.
- Substituents that such an aryl group may have are alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, aryl ether, alkylthio, halogen, cyano, amino, silyl, and boryl. Group.
- the alkylthio group is a group in which an oxygen atom of an ether bond of an alkoxy group is substituted with a sulfur atom.
- the hydrocarbon group of the alkylthio group may or may not have a substituent.
- An amino group indicates a functional group having a bond to a nitrogen atom such as a diphenylamino group, a phenylnaphthylamino group, and a dimethylamino group, which may or may not have a substituent.
- a silyl group refers to, for example, a functional group having a bond to a silicon atom, such as a trimethylsilyl group, which may or may not have a substituent.
- a boryl group refers to a functional group having a bond to a boron atom such as a bis (mesityl) boryl group, which may or may not have a substituent.
- a heteroaryl group is, for example, an aromatic cyclic structure group having atoms other than carbon, such as a furanyl group, a thienyl group, an oxazolyl group, a pyridyl group, a quinolinyl group, or a carbazolyl group, or a group in which these are linked, or an aromatic group
- the group which the hydrocarbon group connected is shown, This may be unsubstituted or substituted.
- the substituent that such a heteroaryl group may have is the same as the substituent that the aryl group may have.
- the connecting position of the heteroaryl group may be any part. For example, in the case of a pyridyl group, it may be any of 2-pyridyl group, 3-pyridyl group and 4-pyridyl group.
- An alkenyl group refers to an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing a carbon-carbon double bond such as a vinyl group, an allyl group, and a butadienyl group.
- an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group, and / or This concept includes a group in which a heteroaryl group is linked.
- the unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group may be unsubstituted or substituted, and the substituent that may be present is an alkyl group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthioether group, a halogen atom. Cyano group, amino group, silyl group, and boryl group.
- R 1 to R 4 are preferably an alkyl group from the viewpoint of color purity, and among the alkyl groups, a methyl group or a t-butyl group is more preferable because of excellent thermal stability. Furthermore, a methyl group is particularly preferably used because of ease of synthesis.
- R 5 and R 6 are preferably an alkyl group or hydrogen from the viewpoint of thermal stability, and more preferably hydrogen from the viewpoint of easily obtaining green light emission with high color purity.
- M is at least one selected from the group consisting of boron, beryllium, magnesium, aluminum, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and platinum, Aluminum and zinc are preferable, and boron is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of giving a sharp emission spectrum and obtaining higher color purity light emission.
- L is a monovalent or zero-valent group selected from a halogen, hydrogen, an alkyl group, an aryl group or a heteroaryl group, and is bonded to M through one or two atoms in the molecule.
- zero valence means, for example, a case where a pyridyl group is coordinated to M through an unshared electron pair. Binding to M through two atoms is a so-called chelate coordination.
- L is preferably fluorine, a fluorine-containing aryl group, a fluorine-containing heteroaryl group or a fluorine-containing alkyl group, and more preferably fluorine because a higher fluorescence quantum yield is obtained.
- the fluorine-containing aryl group is an aryl containing fluorine, and examples thereof include a fluorophenyl group, a trifluoromethylphenyl group, and a pentafluorophenyl group.
- the fluorine-containing heteroaryl group is a heteroaryl group containing fluorine, and examples thereof include a fluoropyridyl group, a trifluoromethylpyridyl group, and a trifluoropyridyl group.
- the fluorine-containing alkyl group is an alkyl group containing fluorine, and examples thereof include a trifluoromethyl group and a pentafluoroethyl group.
- L is preferably a chelate ligand.
- R 1 to R 7 of each pyromethene skeleton may be the same or different from each other.
- each L may be the same as or different from each other.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) has a molecular weight of 450 or more, the sublimation temperature is sufficiently high and contamination in the chamber can be prevented, so that stable high-luminance emission is achieved and high-efficiency emission is obtained. It is easy to be done.
- R 7 is an aryl group, heteroaryl group or alkenyl group and has a molecular weight of 200 or more, a compound satisfying the above molecular weight can be easily obtained, and Luminescence can achieve good color purity.
- the color purity is lowered, but it is represented by the general formula (1).
- the compound can obtain a high luminous efficiency and a long life without lowering the color purity.
- the molecular weight of R 7 is more preferably 300 or more from the viewpoint that a sufficiently high sublimation temperature can be given and the deposition rate can be controlled more stably.
- the molecular weight of the compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably 1000 or less, more preferably 800 or less.
- R 7 is preferably selected from an aryl group or a heteroaryl group from the viewpoint of giving a higher fluorescence quantum yield and being more difficult to thermally decompose, and more preferably an aryl group. Further, R 7 is preferably a substituent having a branched structure or a bulky substituent such as a 9-anthryl derivative.
- the branched structure here refers to a structure in which the aryl group or heteroaryl group directly bonded to the pyromethene ring further has a plurality of substituents. Since R 7 is bulky, aggregation of molecules can be prevented, so that luminous efficiency and lifetime are further improved.
- a preferred example of the substituent having a branched structure is the following general formula (2).
- R 8 and R 9 may be the same or different and are selected from an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.
- aryl group and heteroaryl group are as described above.
- An aryl group is more preferably used in that a higher fluorescence quantum yield can be obtained, and a phenyl group and a naphthyl group are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of thermal stability.
- R 8 or R 9 is substituted with an alkyl group, an aryl group in which at least one of R 8 or R 9 is substituted by an alkyl group It is particularly preferred.
- the description of the alkyl group is as described above, and a methyl group and a t-butyl group are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of thermal stability.
- the substitution position of the alkyl group exhibits the same effect at any position and is not particularly limited.
- An example of a compound having a pyromethene skeleton represented by the general formula (1) is shown below.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) can be produced, for example, by the method described in JP-T-8-509471 and JP-A-2000-208262. That is, the target pyromethene metal complex is obtained by reacting a pyromethene compound and a metal salt in the presence of a base.
- the light-emitting element of the present invention includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer present between the anode and the cathode.
- the organic layer includes at least a light-emitting layer, and the light-emitting layer emits light by electric energy.
- the organic layer is composed of only the light emitting layer, 1) hole transport layer / light emitting layer, 2) hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer, 3) light emitting layer / electron transport layer, 4) positive Hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer, 5) hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer, 6) light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer, and 7) Any of the mixed substances may be mixed. That is, as the element structure, in addition to the multilayer laminated structure of 1) to 6) above, only a single layer of a light emitting material or a layer containing a light emitting material and a hole transport material or an electron transport material may be provided as in 7).
- each of the above layers may be either a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- the layer in contact with the electrode may be referred to as a hole injection layer, but in the following description, the hole injection layer is included in the hole transport layer.
- the layer in contact with the electrode may be referred to as an electron injection layer, but in the following description, the electron injection layer is included in the electron transport layer.
- the luminescent substance in the present invention corresponds to both a substance that emits light by itself and a substance that assists the light emission, and refers to a compound, a layer, or the like that is involved in light emission.
- the anode is not particularly limited as long as it can efficiently inject holes into the organic layer, but it is preferable to use a material having a relatively large work function.
- Conductive metal oxides such as tin oxide, indium oxide and indium tin oxide (ITO), or metals such as gold, silver and chromium, inorganic conductive materials such as copper iodide and copper sulfide, polythiophene, polypyrrole and polyaniline
- ITO glass such as copper iodide and copper sulfide
- the resistance of the anode is not limited as long as a current sufficient for light emission of the element can be supplied.
- the resistance be low from the viewpoint of power consumption of the element.
- an ITO substrate of 300 ⁇ / ⁇ or less functions as a device electrode, but it is particularly desirable to use a low-resistance product of 100 ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the thickness of the anode can be arbitrarily selected according to the resistance value, but is usually used in a range of 100 to 300 nm.
- soda lime glass, non-alkali glass, or the like is used, and it is sufficient that the thickness is sufficient to maintain the mechanical strength. Therefore, 0.5 mm or more is sufficient.
- the substrate does not have to be glass.
- the anode may be formed on a plastic substrate.
- the method for forming the anode film is not particularly limited, and is not particularly limited, such as an electron beam method, a sputtering method, or a chemical reaction method.
- the cathode is not particularly limited as long as it can efficiently inject electrons into the organic layer, but is generally platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, zinc, aluminum, indium, chromium, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium. , Magnesium, cesium, and alloys thereof. Lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, cesium, or alloys containing these low work function metals are effective for increasing the electron injection efficiency and improving device characteristics. However, these low work function metals are generally unstable in the atmosphere.
- the organic layer is doped with a small amount of lithium or magnesium (1 nm or less in the vacuum vapor deposition thickness gauge display) to be stable.
- a method using a high electrode can be cited as a preferred example, it is not particularly limited to these because an inorganic salt such as lithium fluoride can be used.
- an inorganic salt such as lithium fluoride
- metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum, indium, or alloys using these metals, and inorganic substances such as silica, titania, silicon nitride, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl chloride, Preferred examples include laminating hydrocarbon polymers.
- the method for producing these electrodes is not particularly limited as long as conduction can be achieved such as resistance heating, electron beam, sputtering, ion plating, and coating.
- the hole transport layer is formed by laminating and mixing a hole transport material alone or two or more kinds of materials, or a mixture of a hole transport material and a polymer binder.
- Triphenylamines such as' -dinaphthyl-N, N'-diphenyl-4,4'-diphenyl-1,1'-diamine, carbazoles such as bis (N-allylcarbazole), pyrazoline derivatives, stilbene compounds,
- a hydrazone compound, a phthalocyanine derivative, a heterocyclic compound typified by a porphyrin derivative, or a polymer system is preferably a polycarbonate, styrene derivative, polyvinyl carbazole, polysilane, or the like having the above monomer in the side chain, but a thin film necessary for device fabrication is used. Any compound that can be formed and inject holes from the anode and can further transport holes can be used. Not.
- an inorganic salt such as iron (III) chloride may be added to the hole transport material to form the hole injection layer.
- a hole injection layer may be formed by adding a metal oxide such as molybdenum oxide or vanadium oxide.
- a hole injection layer can be formed by adding or laminating a compound having a strong acceptor property such as a cyano group-substituted aromatic aza compound.
- the light emitting layer may be either a single layer or a plurality of layers, and may be a mixture of a host material and a dopant material or a host material alone. Each of the host material and the dopant material may be one kind or a plurality of combinations.
- the dopant material may be included in the entire host material or may be partially included.
- the dopant material may be either laminated with the host material or dispersed in the host material. If the amount of the dopant material is too large, a concentration quenching phenomenon occurs, so that the amount is preferably 10% by weight or less, more preferably 2% by weight or less, based on the total of the host material and the dopant material.
- the dopant material may be formed by a co-evaporation method with the host material, or the host material and the dopant material may be mixed in advance before the deposition.
- the light-emitting device material of the present invention may be used as a host material, but is preferably used as a dopant material because it has a high fluorescence quantum yield and a small half-value width of an emission spectrum.
- the light emitting device material of the present invention When used as a dopant material, it emits strong light in the green region. Since the pyromethene dopant emits light even in a very small amount, it is also possible to use a very small amount of the compound sandwiched between host materials. In this case, one or more layers may be laminated with the host material.
- the dopant material added to the light emitting layer is not limited to the one kind of the pyromethene dopant, and a plurality of the pyromethene dopants are used in combination, or one or more kinds of known dopant materials are mixed with the pyromethene dopant. May be used. In this case, desired light emission such as white light emission can be obtained by combining dopants exhibiting light emission in different wavelength regions.
- naphthalimide derivatives such as bis (diisopropylphenyl) perylenetetracarboxylic imide, perinone derivatives, rare earth complexes such as Eu complexes, 4- (dicyanomethylene) -2-methyl-6- (P-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran and its analogs, metal phthalocyanine derivatives such as magnesium phthalocyanine, deazaflavin derivatives, condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as anthracene, pyrene, naphthacene, chrysene, triphenylene, perylene and indene Compounds and derivatives thereof, compounds having heteroaryl rings such as furan, pyrrole, thiophene, benzothiophene, benzofuran, indole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, imidazopyridine, pyrazine and thioxanthene Products, derivatives
- the host material is not particularly limited, but metal chelates such as tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum, derivatives having a basic structure of condensed aromatics such as anthracene and pyrene, which have been known as light emitters.
- a derivative having a basic skeleton of a condensed aromatic hydrocarbon as a host because the effect of high luminous efficiency of the compound having a pyromethene skeleton of the present invention becomes more remarkable.
- a compound selected from an anthracene compound, a pyrene compound, and a distyrylarylene derivative as a host material because of higher efficiency.
- an anthracene compound or a pyrene compound is used as a host, a light-emitting element with high efficiency and a long lifetime can be obtained in terms of having high heat resistance and carrier transport capability.
- the electron transport layer is required to efficiently transport electrons from the cathode between electrodes to which an electric field is applied.
- the electron transport layer is formed of an electron transport material that has high electron injection efficiency and efficiently transports injected electrons. Is desirable. For this purpose, it is required that the material has a high electron affinity, a high electron mobility, excellent stability, and a substance that does not easily generate trapping impurities during manufacturing and use.
- Compounds satisfying such conditions include compounds having condensed aryl rings such as quinolinol derivative metal complexes represented by 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum, hydroxyazole complexes such as hydroxyphenyloxazole complexes, perylene derivatives, perinone derivatives, naphthalene and anthracene And derivatives thereof, oxadiazole derivatives, bisstyryl derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, phosphorus oxide derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, silole derivatives, triazine derivatives, and the like.
- quinolinol derivative metal complexes represented by 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum
- hydroxyazole complexes such as hydroxyphenyloxazole complexes, perylene derivatives, perinone derivatives, naphthalene and anthracene And derivatives thereof, oxadiazole derivatives, bisstyryl derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, phosphorus oxide derivatives, benzimidazole
- the compound having a pyromethene skeleton of the present invention has strong electron acceptability, and can emit light with higher efficiency and longer life in combination with an electron transport layer having excellent electron transport ability.
- the electron-accepting nitrogen represents a nitrogen atom that forms a multiple bond with an adjacent atom. Since the nitrogen atom has a high electronegativity, the multiple bond has an electron-accepting property, has an excellent electron transporting ability, and can be used for an electron transporting layer to reduce the driving voltage of the light emitting element. Therefore, heteroaryl rings containing electron-accepting nitrogen have a high electron affinity.
- heteroaryl ring containing an electron-accepting nitrogen examples include, for example, a pyridine ring, a pyrazine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a quinoline ring, a quinoxaline ring, a naphthyridine ring, a pyrimidopyrimidine ring, a benzoquinoline ring, a phenanthroline ring, an imidazole ring, an oxazole ring, Examples thereof include an oxadiazole ring, a triazole ring, a thiazole ring, a thiadiazole ring, a benzoxazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzimidazole ring and a phenanthrimidazole ring.
- Examples of these compounds having a heteroaryl ring structure include benzimidazole derivatives, benzoxazole derivatives, benzthiazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, pyrazine derivatives, phenanthroline derivatives, quinoxaline derivatives, quinoline derivatives, benzoins.
- Preferred compounds include quinoline derivatives, oligopyridine derivatives such as bipyridine and terpyridine, quinoxaline derivatives and naphthyridine derivatives.
- imidazole derivatives such as tris (N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene, oxadiazole derivatives such as 1,3-bis [(4-tert-butylphenyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl] phenylene, Triazole derivatives such as N-naphthyl-2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-triazole, phenanthroline derivatives such as 1,3-bis (1,10-phenanthroline-9-yl) benzene, 2,2′-bis Benzoquinoline derivatives such as (benzo [h] quinolin-2-yl) -9,9′-spirobifluorene, 2,5-bis (6 ′-(2 ′, 2 ′′ -bipyridyl))-1,1- Bipyridine derivatives such as dimethyl-3,4-diphenylsilole, 1,3-bis (4 ′-(2,2 ′: 6′2
- electron transport materials may be used alone, but may be laminated or mixed with different electron transport materials. It is also possible to use a mixture of a metal such as an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal or a metal complex thereof.
- the ionization potential of the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5.8 eV or more and 8.0 eV or less, and more preferably 6.0 eV or more and 7.5 eV or less.
- the hole blocking layer is a layer for preventing the holes from the anode from moving between the electrodes to which an electric field is applied without recombining with the electrons from the cathode, and the kind of material constituting each layer. Depending on the case, insertion of this layer may increase the probability of recombination of holes and electrons, and may improve the light emission efficiency. Therefore, it is desirable that the hole-occluding material has a lower maximum occupied molecular orbital level than the hole-transporting material in terms of energy, and it is difficult to generate an exciplex with the material constituting the adjacent layer. Specific examples include a phenanthroline derivative and a triazole derivative. However, the compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that forms a thin film necessary for device fabrication and can efficiently block the movement of holes from the anode.
- the above hole transport layer, light emitting layer, electron transport layer, and hole blocking layer may be a single material or a laminate of two or more materials, mixed, or polycarbonate, polystyrene, poly (N-vinylcarbazole) as a polymer binder. It is also possible to use it dispersed in polymethylmethacrylate.
- each layer for forming the light emitting layer is not particularly limited, such as resistance heating vapor deposition, electron beam vapor deposition, sputtering, molecular lamination method, coating method, ink jet method, printing method, and laser induced thermal transfer method. In terms of characteristics, resistance heating vapor deposition and electron beam vapor deposition are preferable.
- the thickness of the layer is not limited because it depends on the resistance value of the substance responsible for light emission, but is selected from 1 to 1000 nm.
- the light emitting element of the present invention has a function of converting electrical energy into light.
- the electric energy mainly indicates a direct current, but a pulse current or an alternating current can also be used.
- the current value and the voltage value are not particularly limited, but the maximum luminance should be obtained with the lowest possible energy in consideration of the power consumption and lifetime of the element.
- the light emitting device of the present invention is suitably used as a display for displaying in a matrix and / or segment system, for example.
- the matrix system in the present invention refers to a display in which pixels for display are arranged in a grid pattern, and a character or image is displayed by a set of pixels.
- the segment system in the present invention is to form a pattern so as to display predetermined information and to emit light in a predetermined area.
- the matrix display and the segment display coexist in the same panel. May be.
- Example 1 A light emitting device using the compound [1] was produced as follows.
- a glass substrate on which an ITO transparent conductive film was deposited to a thickness of 150 nm (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., 15 ⁇ / ⁇ , electron beam evaporated product) was cut into 30 ⁇ 40 mm and etched.
- the obtained substrate was ultrasonically washed with acetone and “Semicocrine (registered trademark) 56” (manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical Co., Ltd.) for 15 minutes, respectively, and then washed with ultrapure water. Subsequently, it was ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol for 15 minutes and then immersed in hot methanol for 15 minutes and dried.
- This substrate was treated with UV-ozone for 1 hour immediately before producing the device, placed in a vacuum deposition apparatus, and evacuated until the degree of vacuum in the apparatus became 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa or less.
- the resistance heating method first, copper phthalocyanine was deposited as a hole injecting material at 10 nm, and 4,4′-bis (N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino) biphenyl was deposited as a hole transporting material at 50 nm.
- Example 2 A light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound shown below was used as the host material. From this light emitting element, C.I. I. E. Highly efficient green light emission (EL peak wavelength 524 nm) with a light emission efficiency of 12 cd / A was obtained in terms of chromaticity coordinates (0.22, 0.72). When this light emitting device was continuously driven at a direct current of 5 mA / cm 2 , the luminance half time was 3900 hours.
- Comparative Example 1 A light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following compound [2] was used as a dopant. From this light emitting element, C.I. I. E. Although high-purity green light emission of (0.24, 0.68) in chromaticity coordinates was obtained, the light emission efficiency was as low as 3 cd / A (EL peak wavelength 520 nm). When this light emitting device was continuously driven at a direct current of 5 mA / cm 2 , the luminance half time was 300 hours.
- Comparative Example 2 A light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound [3] shown below was used as a dopant. From this light emitting element, C.I. I. E. High-purity green light emission of (0.25, 0.67) in chromaticity coordinates was obtained, but the light emission efficiency was as low as 4 cd / A (EL peak wavelength 523 nm). When this light emitting device was continuously driven at a direct current of 5 mA / cm 2 , the luminance half time was 330 hours.
- Examples 3 to 6 A light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the following compounds were used as host materials. C.I. obtained from these light emitting elements. I. E. Table 1 shows the chromaticity coordinates, the luminous efficiency, and the luminance half time when continuously driven at a direct current of 5 mA / cm 2 .
- Examples 7-11 A light emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that H-6 was used as the host material and the following compound or Alq 3 was used as the electron transport layer. C.I. obtained from these light emitting elements. I. E. Table 2 shows the chromaticity coordinates, luminous efficiency, and luminance half-life time when continuously driven at a direct current of 5 mA / cm 2 .
- Examples 12-18, Comparative Example 3 A light emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that H-5 was used as the host material and the following compounds were used as the dopant material. C.I. obtained from these light emitting elements. I. E. Table 3 shows the chromaticity coordinates, luminous efficiency, and luminance half-life time when continuously driven at a direct current of 5 mA / cm 2 .
- the light emitting device material of the present invention can be used for a light emitting device and the like, and can provide a light emitting device material having excellent thin film stability.
- the light emitting device of the present invention can be used in the fields of display devices, flat panel displays, backlights, lighting, interiors, signs, signboards, electrophotographic machines, optical signal generators and the like.
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Abstract
Description
Appl.Phys.Lett.51(12)21,p.913,1987)
ハロゲンとはフッ素、塩素、臭素およびヨウ素を示す。
3,5-ジブロモベンズアルデヒド(3.0g)、4-t-ブチルフェニルボロン酸(5.3g)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)(0.4g)、炭酸カリウム(2.0g)をフラスコに入れ窒素置換した。脱気したトルエン(30mL)、脱気した水(10mL)を加え、4時間還流した。反応溶液を室温まで冷却し、有機層を分液した後に飽和食塩水で洗浄した。この有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、ろ過後溶媒を留去した。得られた反応生成物をシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、3,5-ビス(p-t-ブチルフェニル)ベンズアルデヒド(3.5g)を白色固体として得た。
1H-NMR(CDCl3,ppm):7.95(s,1H)、7.63-7.48(m,10H)、6.00(s,2H)、2.58(s,6H)、1.50(s,6H)、1.37(s,18H)。
化合物[1]を用いた発光素子を次のように作製した。ITO透明導電膜を150nm堆積させたガラス基板(旭硝子(株)製、15Ω/□、電子ビーム蒸着品)を30×40mmに切断、エッチングを行った。得られた基板をアセトン、”セミコクリン(登録商標)56”(フルウチ化学(株)製)で各々15分間超音波洗浄してから、超純水で洗浄した。続いて、イソプロピルアルコールで15分間超音波洗浄してから熱メタノールに15分間浸漬させて乾燥させた。この基板を素子を作製する直前に1時間UV-オゾン処理し、真空蒸着装置内に設置して、装置内の真空度が5×10-5Pa以下になるまで排気した。抵抗加熱法によって、まず正孔注入材料として、銅フタロシアニンを10nm、正孔輸送材料として、4,4’-ビス(N-(1-ナフチル)-N-フェニルアミノ)ビフェニルを50nm蒸着した。次に、発光材料として、ホスト材料として、トリス(8-キノリノラート)アルミニウム(Alq3)を、またドーパント材料として化合物[1]をドープ濃度が1重量%になるように40nmの厚さに蒸着した。次に、電子輸送材料として、1,3-ビス(1,10-フェナントロリン-2-イル)ベンゼンを25nmの厚さに積層した。次に、リチウムを0.5nm有機層にドーピングした後、アルミニウムを1μm蒸着して陰極とし、5×5mm角の素子を作製した。ここで言う膜厚は、水晶発振式膜厚モニター表示値である。この発光素子からは、C.I.E.色度座標で(0.24,0.67)、発光効率10cd/Aの高効率・高色純度緑色発光(ELピーク波長524nm)が得られた。この発光素子を5mA/cm2の直流で連続駆動したところ、輝度半減時間は3700時間であった。
下に示す化合物をホスト材料として用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、C.I.E.色度座標で(0.22,0.72)、発光効率12cd/Aの高効率緑色発光(ELピーク波長524nm)が得られた。この発光素子を5mA/cm2の直流で連続駆動したところ、輝度半減時間は3900時間であった。
下記に示す化合物[2]をドーパントとして用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、C.I.E.色度座標で(0.24,0.68)の高色純度緑色発光が得られたが、発光効率は3cd/Aと低かった(ELピーク波長520nm)。この発光素子を5mA/cm2の直流で連続駆動したところ、輝度半減時間は300時間であった。
下記に示す化合物[3]をドーパントとして用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。この発光素子からは、C.I.E.色度座標で(0.25,0.67)の高色純度緑色発光が得られたが、発光効率は4cd/Aと低かった(ELピーク波長523nm)。この発光素子を5mA/cm2の直流で連続駆動したところ、輝度半減時間は330時間であった。
ホスト材料として下記に示す化合物を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。これらの発光素子から得られた、C.I.E.色度座標、発光効率および5mA/cm2の直流で連続駆動した際の輝度半減時間を表1に示す。
ホスト材料としてH-6を、電子輸送層として下記に示す化合物またはAlq3を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。これらの発光素子から得られた、C.I.E.色度座標、発光効率および5mA/cm2の直流で連続駆動した際の輝度半減時間を表2に示す。
ホスト材料としてH-5を、ドーパント材料として下記に示す化合物を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして発光素子を作製した。これらの発光素子から得られた、C.I.E.色度座標、発光効率および5mA/cm2の直流で連続駆動した際の輝度半減時間を表3に示す。
Claims (9)
- 一般式(1)で表されるピロメテン骨格を有し、分子量が450以上である化合物を有する発光素子材料。
- 一般式(1)のMがホウ素、Lがフッ素、nが2であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の発光素子材料。
- 一般式(1)のR7がアリール基またはヘテロアリール基であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の発光素子材料。
- R8およびR9がアリール基であることを特徴とする請求項4記載の発光素子材料。
- R8およびR9のうち少なくとも一方がアルキル基で置換されたアリール基であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の発光素子材料。
- 一般式(2)で表される構造の分子量が300以上であることを特徴とする請求項5または6記載の発光素子材料。
- 陽極と陰極の間に発光物質が存在し、電気エネルギーにより発光する素子であって、該素子が請求項1~7のいずれか記載の発光素子材料を含有することを特徴とする発光素子。
- 発光層がホスト材料とドーパント材料を有し、一般式(1)で表される化合物がドーパント材料であることを特徴とする請求項8記載の発光素子。
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JP4947142B2 (ja) | 2012-06-06 |
TW200948931A (en) | 2009-12-01 |
TWI438260B (zh) | 2014-05-21 |
CN101952389B (zh) | 2014-01-22 |
JPWO2009116456A1 (ja) | 2011-07-21 |
KR20100124707A (ko) | 2010-11-29 |
CN101952389A (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
KR101148859B1 (ko) | 2012-05-29 |
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