TWI567069B - 有機電場發光元件 - Google Patents
有機電場發光元件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI567069B TWI567069B TW102125476A TW102125476A TWI567069B TW I567069 B TWI567069 B TW I567069B TW 102125476 A TW102125476 A TW 102125476A TW 102125476 A TW102125476 A TW 102125476A TW I567069 B TWI567069 B TW I567069B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- aromatic
- layer
- light
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 171
- -1 carbazole compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 86
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbazole Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 74
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 55
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 46
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 24
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 16
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrazine Natural products N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthene Chemical compound C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FSEXLNMNADBYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=N1 FSEXLNMNADBYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001748 luminescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 4
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CFNMUZCFSDMZPQ-GHXNOFRVSA-N 7-[(z)-3-methyl-4-(4-methyl-5-oxo-2h-furan-2-yl)but-2-enoxy]chromen-2-one Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC(=O)OC2=CC=1OC/C=C(/C)CC1OC(=O)C(C)=C1 CFNMUZCFSDMZPQ-GHXNOFRVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl amine Natural products NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008425 anthrones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2[34S]C3=C(C=21)C=CC=C3 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-ALWQSETLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolo[3,2-c]carbazole Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC3=C4C5=CC=CC=C5N=C4C=CC3=C21 VVVPGLRKXQSQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007978 oxazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran Chemical compound S1C=CC=C=C1 IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DXBHBZVCASKNBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Benz(a)anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=CC2=C1 DXBHBZVCASKNBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNIZNHTOVFARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NSC2=C1 CSNIZNHTOVFARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=NOC2=C1 KTZQTRPPVKQPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-naphthyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CN=C21 FLBAYUMRQUHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JESBGFNZNSEZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromodibenzothiophene Chemical compound S1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2Br JESBGFNZNSEZMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYDMICQAKLQHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 IYDMICQAKLQHLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKAXDAMWMOBXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 WKAXDAMWMOBXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDRUBCBSUBXPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diphenylpyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 WDRUBCBSUBXPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=COC=C21 UXGVMFHEKMGWMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OXPDQFOKSZYEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC=N1 OXPDQFOKSZYEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HKOAFLAGUQUJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyrimidin-2-ylpyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CC=CN=C1C1=NC=CC=N1 HKOAFLAGUQUJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHMICKWLTGFITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-isoindole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CNC=C21 VHMICKWLTGFITH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaborolane Chemical compound CC1(C)O[B]OC1(C)C LZPWAYBEOJRFAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHVGZHHLRBNWAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-diphenyltriazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=N1 HHVGZHHLRBNWAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBJHFGQCHKNNJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-9h-carbazole Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2Br CBJHFGQCHKNNJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AJCRLZAHQWSLBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dibenzothiophen-1-yl-9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)C3=CC=CC=2NC1=CC=CC=C1C32 AJCRLZAHQWSLBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YUXBNNVWBUTOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyltriazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NN=N1 YUXBNNVWBUTOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZYDBGLUVPLRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-(3-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC(N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)=CC=C1 MZYDBGLUVPLRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YFIJJNAKSZUOLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anthanthrene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC=C2C=CC3=CC2=CC=CC3=CC=C1C4=C32 YFIJJNAKSZUOLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[a]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical class C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000001788 chalcone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopenta-1,4-dien-1-yl(diphenyl)phosphane;dichloropalladium;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].Cl[Pd]Cl.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1.[CH-]1C=CC(P(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 NXQGGXCHGDYOHB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical class C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-Phenylpyridine Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PKIFBGYEEVFWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexaphene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC6=CC=CC=C6C=C5C=C4C=CC3=CC2=C1 PKIFBGYEEVFWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothiazole Chemical compound C=1C=NSC=1 ZLTPDFXIESTBQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoxazole Chemical compound C=1C=NOC=1 CTAPFRYPJLPFDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005447 octyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=NC2=C1 RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalazine Chemical compound C1=NN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 LFSXCDWNBUNEEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GBROPGWFBFCKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N picene Chemical compound C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=CC=C2C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C=C2 GBROPGWFBFCKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazol-3-one Chemical class O=C1C=CN=N1 JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005255 pyrrolopyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004322 quinolinols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-PHDIDXHHSA-N (1r,2r)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound N[C@@H]1CCCC[C@H]1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-VOTSOKGWSA-N (e)-2-phenylethenamine Chemical class N\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNNC DIIIISSCIXVANO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 1,2-bis[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]benzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 NGQSLSMAEVWNPU-YTEMWHBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNVZNEACQAUNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNVZNEACQAUNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZSRXHJVZUBEGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-thiazolidine Chemical compound C1CNSC1 CZSRXHJVZUBEGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFPQFQUXAJOWNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diiodobenzene Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC(I)=C1 SFPQFQUXAJOWNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-selenazole Chemical compound C1=C[se]C=N1 ODIRBFFBCSTPTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLCLIOISYBHYDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,4-triphenylbuta-1,3-dienylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=CC=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KLCLIOISYBHYDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000094 1,4-dioxanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AIUSNKMMSATXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dibenzofuran-1-yl-9h-carbazole Chemical compound O1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2C1=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3C2=CC=C1 AIUSNKMMSATXJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PABWCQBWXPHCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyldibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O2 PABWCQBWXPHCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBOSRQNNZSJGGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenotellurazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3[Te]C2=C1 JBOSRQNNZSJGGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TZMSYXZUNZXBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- AAQTWLBJPNLKHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-perimidine Chemical compound N1C=NC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C32 AAQTWLBJPNLKHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-1,2-benzodiazepine Chemical compound N1N=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 SVUOLADPCWQTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (2S,3S)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine Chemical compound OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O.C[C@H]1[C@@H](OCCN1C)c1ccccc1 VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVWPVABZQQJTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical class O=C1C=CC(=O)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 MVWPVABZQQJTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAEVHZLHSHBXAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SAEVHZLHSHBXAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPXKQHLZATXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound C=1OC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 VUPXKQHLZATXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGXAPHRWCPNLDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylethenyl)-7H-purine Chemical class C(=Cc1ncc2[nH]cnc2n1)c1ccccc1 RGXAPHRWCPNLDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHMBGSQGEDPNPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylphenyl)-1,3-oxazole Chemical group C1=COC(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 GHMBGSQGEDPNPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZACQXAQECGQPLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dibenzofuran-1-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O2 ZACQXAQECGQPLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMIBJCFFZPYJHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-5-methyl-3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)pyridine Chemical compound COC1=NC=C(C)C=C1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1 BMIBJCFFZPYJHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQCBPOPQTLHDFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1,3-oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 RQCBPOPQTLHDFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2H-pyran Chemical compound C1OC=CC=C1 MGADZUXDNSDTHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDBQZGJWHMCXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dihydropurine-2-thione Chemical compound SC1=NC=C2NC=NC2=N1 HDBQZGJWHMCXIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGLDSEPDYUTBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylbuta-1,3-dien-2-ylbenzene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=C)C(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 LGLDSEPDYUTBNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBWSRAOCSJQZJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-iminonaphthalen-1-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=N)C=CC(=O)C2=C1 FBWSRAOCSJQZJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDRVFDDBLLKWRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-quinolizine Chemical compound C1=CC=CN2CC=CC=C21 GDRVFDDBLLKWRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGFYFOHMBDMGBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)amino]-2-(diethylaminomethyl)phenol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CN(CC)CC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=NC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C12 QGFYFOHMBDMGBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRQJERFKOCCFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1,3-bis(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2-thione Chemical compound S=C1N(CN2CCCCC2)CN(C)CN1CN1CCCCC1 CRQJERFKOCCFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCNCGHJSNVOIKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-diphenylanthracene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=CC=CC=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 FCNCGHJSNVOIKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQJUJGAVDBINPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-thioxanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 PQJUJGAVDBINPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSKRAISUPBTHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[j]aceanthrylene Chemical group C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(C=CC1=CC=C3)=C1C3=C2 OSKRAISUPBTHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYNSBQPICQTCGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzopyrane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CCOC2=C1 KYNSBQPICQTCGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUSBZQBVETYMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(=O)=C1C=C2C(C=CN2)=N1 Chemical class C(=O)=C1C=C2C(C=CN2)=N1 FUSBZQBVETYMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical class C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000799 K alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical class SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192627 Naphthoquinone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NTWBOMMQBKGLPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O1C=NC=C1.C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12 Chemical compound O1C=NC=C1.C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12 NTWBOMMQBKGLPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHHCHFOJLBFKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N O1c2ccccc2[SiH2]c2ccccc12 Chemical compound O1c2ccccc2[SiH2]c2ccccc12 MHHCHFOJLBFKBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical class N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N Stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006161 Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWZNMFIGGHVLSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 Chemical compound [Ru].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 BWZNMFIGGHVLSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDPAVWAQGBGGHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aceanthrylene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(C=CC3=CC=C4)=C3C4=CC2=C1 JDPAVWAQGBGGHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQFPKRNUGBRTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acephenanthrylene Chemical group C1=CC(C=C2)=C3C2=CC2=CC=CC=C2C3=C1 SQFPKRNUGBRTAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000475 acetylene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001556 benzimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TUAHORSUHVUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[c]phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=CC=C21 TUAHORSUHVUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJOLGGXHRVADAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[e][1]benzothiole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=CS3)=C3C=CC2=C1 LJOLGGXHRVADAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049706 benzodiazepine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N binaphthyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(pinacolato)diboron Chemical compound O1C(C)(C)C(C)(C)OB1B1OC(C)(C)C(C)(C)O1 IPWKHHSGDUIRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XHNHAMXHOIUOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N c1ccccc1.c1ccc2c(c1)sc1ccccc21 Chemical compound c1ccccc1.c1ccc2c(c1)sc1ccccc21 XHNHAMXHOIUOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCZVZNOTHYJIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinnoline Chemical compound N1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 WCZVZNOTHYJIEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N decane Chemical class CCCCCCCCC[14CH3] DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004826 dibenzofurans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AMDQVKPUZIXQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinaphthylene dioxide Chemical compound O1C(C2=C34)=CC=CC2=CC=C3OC2=CC=CC3=CC=C1C4=C32 AMDQVKPUZIXQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002220 fluorenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008376 fluorenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DDTGNKBZWQHIEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C2C=CC=CC=C21 DDTGNKBZWQHIEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005446 heptyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- UOYPNWSDSPYOSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexahelicene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=3C(=CC=C4C=CC=5C(C=34)=CC=CC=5)C=C3)C3=CC=C21 UOYPNWSDSPYOSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083761 high-ceiling diuretics pyrazolone derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACIUFBMENRNYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphtho[2,1-f]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CN=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 ACIUFBMENRNYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OVPVGJFDFSJUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N octalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C2C=CC=CC=CC2=C1 OVPVGJFDFSJUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBDLJCYGRGAKP-FOCLMDBBSA-N olsalazine Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC(\N=N\C=2C=C(C(O)=CC=2)C(O)=O)=C1 QQBDLJCYGRGAKP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004110 olsalazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical group C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 NFBOHOGPQUYFRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004893 oxazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-SVYQBANQSA-N oxolane-d8 Chemical compound [2H]C1([2H])OC([2H])([2H])C([2H])([2H])C1([2H])[2H] WYURNTSHIVDZCO-SVYQBANQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- NRNFFDZCBYOZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-quinodimethane Chemical class C=C1C=CC(=C)C=C1 NRNFFDZCBYOZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVXZFRDPCKWEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentalene Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC2=C1 GUVXZFRDPCKWEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQQSUOJIMKJQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaphene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=CC3=CC2=C1 JQQSUOJIMKJQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical class C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDJOIMJURHQYDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenalene Chemical compound C1=CC(CC=C2)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XDJOIMJURHQYDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GJSGGHOYGKMUPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxathiine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GJSGGHOYGKMUPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidin-2-one Chemical class O=C1CCCCN1 XUWHAWMETYGRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DIJNSQQKNIVDPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pleiadene Chemical compound C1=C2[CH]C=CC=C2C=C2C=CC=C3[C]2C1=CC=C3 DIJNSQQKNIVDPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004033 porphyrin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LNKHTYQPVMAJSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyranthrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC3=C(C=CC=C4)C4=CC4=CC=C1C2=C34 LNKHTYQPVMAJSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AKYFJADNRLTBGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine;thiadiazole Chemical class C1=CSN=N1.C1=CC=NC=C1 AKYFJADNRLTBGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole Chemical class C1=NC2=CC=NC2=C1 RQGPLDBZHMVWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXZKYYHTWHJHFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-2,8-diol Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)NC2=C1C=CC=C2O ZXZKYYHTWHJHFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KTQYWNARBMKMCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphenylene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KTQYWNARBMKMCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine Chemical class C1=CN=C2SN=NC2=C1 QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianaphthalene Natural products C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GVIJJXMXTUZIOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001269 time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-VQHVLOKHSA-N trans-dipyrrin Chemical class C=1C=CNC=1/C=C1\C=CC=N1 OVTCUIZCVUGJHS-VQHVLOKHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PGXOVVAJURGPLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinaphthylene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C3=CC2=C1 PGXOVVAJURGPLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/40—Organosilicon compounds, e.g. TIPS pentacene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/008—Triarylamine dyes containing no other chromophores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B69/00—Dyes not provided for by a single group of this subclass
- C09B69/008—Dyes containing a substituent, which contains a silicium atom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/20—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the material in which the electroluminescent material is embedded
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/321—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3]
- H10K85/324—Metal complexes comprising a group IIIA element, e.g. Tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) gallium [Gaq3] comprising aluminium, e.g. Alq3
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/342—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising iridium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/371—Metal complexes comprising a group IB metal element, e.g. comprising copper, gold or silver
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/633—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6574—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6576—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1007—Non-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1044—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing two nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1088—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing oxygen as the only heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1092—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing sulfur as the only heteroatom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/18—Metal complexes
- C09K2211/185—Metal complexes of the platinum group, i.e. Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh or Pd
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/18—Metal complexes
- C09K2211/188—Metal complexes of other metals not provided for in one of the previous groups
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1204—Optical Diode
- H01L2924/12044—OLED
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2101/00—Properties of the organic materials covered by group H10K85/00
- H10K2101/10—Triplet emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/15—Hole transporting layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/18—Carrier blocking layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
- H10K85/626—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing more than one polycyclic condensed aromatic rings, e.g. bis-anthracene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/654—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/656—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising two or more different heteroatoms per ring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Description
本發明是有關於一種使用包含具有特定結構的咔唑化合物的有機電場發光元件用材料的有機電場發光元件,詳細而言,本發明是有關於一種對包含有機化合物的發光層施加電場而發出光的薄膜型元件(film type device)。
通常,有機電場發光元件(以下,稱為有機電致發光(electroluminescence,EL)元件)的最簡單的構造包含發光層及夾持該層的一對對向電極。即,有機EL元件是利用如下現象:若於兩電極間施加電場,則自陰極注入電子,自陽極注入電洞,該些於發光層中再結合而發出光。
近年來,越發廣泛地進行使用有機薄膜的有機EL元件的開發。尤其為了提高發光效率,以提高載子(carrier)自電極的注入效率為目的而進行電極的種類的最佳化,藉由在電極間以薄膜的形式設置有包含芳香族二胺的電洞傳輸層與包含三(8-羥基喹啉)鋁錯合物(以下,稱為Alq3)的發光層的元件的開發,而與先前的使用蒽等的單晶的元件相比發光效率得到大幅度改善,因此以對具有自發光.高速響應性(responsiveness)等特徵的高性能
平板(flat panel)的實用化為目標而不斷推進。
另外,作為提高元件的發光效率的嘗試,亦研究不使用螢光而使用磷光。以上述的設置有包含芳香族二胺的電洞傳輸層與包含Alq3的發光層的元件為代表的多種元件是利用螢光發光,但藉由使用磷光發光、即利用來自三重態激發狀態的發光,而與先前的使用螢光(單態)的元件相比,期待3倍~4倍左右的效率的提高。為了此目的而研究以香豆素衍生物或二苯甲酮衍生物作為發光層,但僅獲得極低的亮度。另外,作為利用三重態激發狀態的嘗試,研究使用銪錯合物,但其亦未達成高效率的發光。近年來,如專利文獻1中所列舉般以發光的高效率化或長壽命化為目的而以銥錯合物等有機金屬錯合物為中心進行大量研究。
[現有技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]WO01/041512A1
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開2001-313178號公報
[專利文獻3]US2006/0054861A1
[專利文獻4]日本專利特開2009-267257號公報
[專利文獻5]日本專利特開2009-267255號公報
[專利文獻6]WO2007/119816A1
[專利文獻7]日本專利特開2012-49518號公報
對於獲得高發光效率而言,重要的是與上述摻雜劑材料(dopant material)同時使用的主體材料(host materials)。所提出
的代表性的主體材料可列舉專利文獻2中所介紹的咔唑化合物的4,4'-二(9-咔唑基)聯苯(CBP)。CBP在用作以三(2-苯基吡啶)銥錯合物(Ir(ppy)3)為代表的綠色磷光發光材料的主體材料的情況下,由於CBP的容易使電洞流動且不易使電子流動的特性,而電荷注入傳輸平衡(balance)被破壞,過剩的電洞流出至電子傳輸層側,結果源自Ir(ppy)3的發光效率降低。
如上所述,對於有機EL元件,為了獲得高的發光效率,而必須具有高的三重態激發能量(triplet excitation energy),且於兩電荷(電洞.電子)的注入傳輸特性方面獲得了平衡的主體材料。進而,理想的是電化學性穩定,且具備高的耐熱性以及優異的非晶質(amorphous)穩定性的化合物,而謀求進一步的改良。
專利文獻3中,作為有機EL元件的主體材料揭示有如下所示的咔唑化合物。
然而,專利文獻3僅揭示有具有以咔唑的4位與咔唑的4位鍵結而成的骨架的雙咔唑化合物等。
專利文獻4中,作為有機EL元件的主體材料揭示有如
下所示的咔唑化合物。
然而,專利文獻4僅揭示有具有以咔唑的4位與茀的4位鍵結而成的骨架的化合物等。
專利文獻5、專利文獻6、專利文獻7中,作為有機EL元件的主體材料揭示有如下所示的咔唑化合物。
然而,該些專利文獻並未揭示出使用同一分子內具有兩個以上以咔唑的4位與二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩的1位鍵結而成的骨架的化合物的有機EL元件的有用性。
為了將有機EL元件應用於平板顯示器(flat panel display)等的顯示元件,而必須於改善元件的發光效率的同時充分確保驅動時的穩定性。本發明是鑒於上述現狀,目的在於提供一種具有高效率且高驅動穩定性的實用上有用的有機EL元件及適宜於該有機EL元件的化合物。
本發明者等人進行努力研究,結果發現藉由將同一分子內具有兩個以上以咔唑的4位與二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩的1位鍵結而成的骨架的化合物用於有機EL元件而顯示出優異的特性,從而完成了本發明。
本發明是有關於一種有機電場發光元件,其是於基板上積層陽極、有機層及陰極而成的有機電場發光元件,其特徵在於:
於選自由發光層、電洞傳輸層、電子傳輸層、電洞阻擋層、電子阻擋層及激子阻擋層所組成的組群中的至少一個層中含有通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物。
式中,A為n價的碳數6~30的芳香族烴基、碳數3~30的芳香族雜環基、或2個~6個該些芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基連結而成的芳香族基,n為2或3的整數。該芳香族烴基或該芳香族雜環基具有取代基的情況下的取代基分別獨立地表示碳數1~10的烷基、碳數3~10的環烷基、碳數1~10的烷氧基、-OAr、-N(Ar)2、-Si(Ar)3。R分別獨立地為氫、碳數1~10的烷基、碳數3~10的環烷基、碳數1~10的烷氧基、-OAr、-N(Ar)2、-Si(Ar)3、碳數6~10的芳香族烴基、碳數3~10的芳香族雜環基或2個~3個該些芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基連結而成的芳香族基。Ar為碳數6~10的芳香族烴基、碳數3~10的芳香族雜環基或2個~3個該些芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基連結而成的芳香族基,多個Ar可相同亦可不同。X分別獨立地表示氧或硫。另外,上述芳香族
烴基、芳香族雜環基亦可具有取代基。
通式(1)中,R較佳為氫。另外,通式(1)中,A可為下述式(2)~下述式(5)中任一個所表示的n價的芳香族基。
式(2)~式(5)中,Y分別獨立地表示C、C(R)或氮,n個Y為C。其中,式(4)中的Y的n+1個為碳(C)。n及R與通式(1)含義相同。n個C具有用以提供n價基團的結合鍵。進而,式(4)的中央的環上所存在的一個Y具有與鄰接環鍵結的C。
含有上述通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物的層可為含有磷光發光摻雜劑(phosphorescent luminescence dopant)的發光層。
本發明的有機EL元件中所使用的通式(1)所表示的咔
唑化合物於同一分子內具有兩個以上以咔唑的4位與二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩的1位鍵結的骨架,藉此與於其他取代位置咔唑與二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩鍵結的情況或即便取代位置相同但同一分子內僅具有一個骨架的情況相比,可維持更高的電洞傳輸性並且提高電子傳輸性。進而,該咔唑化合物具有平衡性良好且優異的兩電荷的注入傳輸特性,因此可認為在將該化合物作為磷光主體材料而用於有機EL元件的情況下,發光層中的電荷的平衡性變得良好,因此電洞與電子的再結合機率變高,本發明的有機EL元件可達成高發光效率。
在將該咔唑化合物用作電洞傳輸層或電子阻擋層的材料的情況下,由於其良好的電洞注入傳輸特性,故而會帶來元件的驅動電壓的降低、以及發光效率的提高。
另外,該咔唑化合物對封閉摻雜劑的最低三重態激發狀態的能量而言具有充分高的最低三重態激發狀態的能量,因此若用作激子阻擋層的材料,則可有效抑制自摻雜劑向鄰接的含有該化合物的層的三重態激發能量的轉移,可獲得高發光效率。
此外,該咔唑化合物於同一分子內具有兩個以上以咔唑的4位與二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩的1位鍵結的骨架,藉此與於同一分子內僅具有一個骨架的情況相比,玻璃轉移溫度(glass transition temperature)變高,顯示出更高的熱穩定性與良好的非晶質特性,另外,電化學性穩定,故而可實現長驅動壽命,高耐久性的有機EL元件。
本發明的有機EL元件就發光特性、驅動壽命以及耐久性而言為能滿足實用的水準(level),於對平板顯示器(行動電話顯示元件、車載顯示元件、辦公自動化電腦(Office Automation computer,OA computer)顯示元件或電視(television)等)、發揮出作為面發光體的特徵的光源(照明、影印機的光源、液晶顯示器或計量儀器類的背光(back light)光源)、顯示板或信標燈(beacon light)等的應用中其技術價值很大。
1‧‧‧基板
2‧‧‧陽極
3‧‧‧電洞注入層
4‧‧‧電洞傳輸層
5‧‧‧發光層
6‧‧‧電子傳輸層
7‧‧‧陰極
圖1是表示有機EL元件的構造例的剖面圖。
圖2表示咔唑化合物(23)的1H-NMR圖表。
本發明的有機EL元件於有機層中含有上述通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物。
於上述通式(1)中,A為n價的碳數6~30的芳香族烴基、碳數3~30的芳香族雜環基或2個~6個該些芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基連結而成的芳香族基。較佳為碳數6~10的芳香族烴基、碳數3~10的芳香族雜環基或2個~6個該些芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基連結而成的芳香族基。在芳香族雜環基的情況下,構成芳香族雜環的雜原子較佳為氧、硫、氮或矽等,更佳為氮。雜原子的個數較佳為1個~3個。芳香族烴基及芳香族雜環基可為單環亦可為縮合環,但較佳為單環或2環~3環的縮合環,更佳為
單環或2環的縮合環。n為2或3的整數。
上述芳香族烴基及芳香族雜環基可為未經取代的芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基,亦可為經取代的芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基。在為芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基連結而成的芳香族基的情況下,該芳香族基中所含的芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基可相同亦可不同,亦可包含芳香族烴基與芳香族雜環基兩者。
未經取代的芳香族烴基及芳香族雜環基的具體例可列舉:自苯、並環戊二烯(pentalene)、茚、萘、薁、庚搭烯(heptalene)、艾氏劑(octalene)、苯并二茚、苊、茀、萉(phenalene)、菲、蒽、三茚(trindene)、螢蒽、醋菲烯(acephenanthrylene)、醋蒽烯(aceanthrylene)、聯伸三苯、芘、(chrysene)、苯并蒽(tetraphene)、稠四苯、七曜烯(pleiadene)、苉(picene)、苝、戊芬(pentaphene)、稠五苯、四伸苯(tetraphenylene)、膽蒽(cholanthrylene)、六螺烯(hexahelicene)、己芬(hexaphene)、稠六苯、玉紅省、蔻、聯伸三萘(trinaphthylene)、庚芬、稠七苯、吡蒽(pyranthrene)、呋喃、吡喃、噻吩、噻喃、吡咯、咪唑、吡唑、噁唑、異噁唑、噻唑、異噻唑、硒唑、碲唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、噠嗪、三嗪、矽羅、苯并呋喃、異苯并呋喃、異苯并吡喃、苯并吡喃、二苯并呋喃、二苯并吡喃、二苯并對二噁英、迫二苯并吡喃并二苯并吡喃(peri-Xanthenoxanthene)、硫茚、異硫茚、異硫苯并吡喃、硫苯并吡喃、萘并噻吩、二苯并噻吩、噻噸、噻蒽(thianthrene)、吩噁噻(phenoxathiin)、吲哚嗪、吲哚、異吲
哚、苯并咪唑、吲唑、嘌呤、苯并噁唑、苯并異噁唑、苯并噻唑、苯并異噻唑、喹嗪、喹啉、異喹啉、萘啶、酞嗪(phthalazine)、喹噁啉、喹唑啉、啉(cinnoline)、喋啶、咔唑、咔啉(carboline)、啡啶、吖啶、呸啶(perimidine)、啡啉、吩嗪(phenazine)、吩噁嗪、吩噻嗪、吩硒嗪(phenoselenazine)、吩碲嗪(phenotellurazine)、奧沙拉嗪、矽茚、矽茀、矽蒽、矽蒽烯、吩噁矽(phenoxasilin)、吩噻矽(phenothiasilin)、或環戊基硼酸(phenazasiline)等中去除n個氫所生成的n價基團,較佳為自苯、萘、呋喃、噻吩、吡咯、咪唑、吡唑、噁唑、異噁唑、噻唑、異噻唑、吡啶、吡嗪、嘧啶、噠嗪、三嗪、矽羅、苯并呋喃、異苯并呋喃、硫茚、異硫茚、吲哚、異吲哚、苯并咪唑、吲唑、苯并噁唑、苯并異噁唑、苯并噻唑、苯并異噻唑、喹啉、異喹啉、萘啶、酞嗪、喹噁啉、喹唑啉、啉、矽茚中去除n個氫所生成的n價基團。
在為多個未經取代的芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基連結而成的芳香族基(以下,稱為連結芳香族基)的情況下,構成該連結芳香族基的未經取代的芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基適宜為上述的芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基或兩者。在該情況下,由於連結芳香族基整體成為n價基團,故而有構成該連結芳香族基的未經取代的芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基的價數與上述不同的情況。另外,連結芳香族基中含有通式(1)中所顯示的二苯并呋喃環或二苯并噻吩環(將兩者稱為DBFT環)與咔唑環直接鍵結而成的結構並不理想。
連結芳香族基中,連結的個數較佳為2~4,更佳為2~3,連結的芳香環可相同亦可不同。在該情況下,式(1)中,與咔唑的氮鍵結的鍵結位置並無限定,可為連結而成的芳香族環的末端部的環,亦可為中央部的環。此處,芳香族環為統稱芳香族烴基及芳香族雜環基的含義。
此處,由2個~6個芳香族環連結而成的芳香族化合物所生成的2價連結芳香族基的情況例如以下述式表示。
(式(15)~式(17)中,Ar1~Ar6表示經取代或未經取代的芳香族環)
在為連結芳香族基的情況下,該連結芳香族基可未經取代,亦可具有取代基。由2個~6個芳香族環連結而成的芳香族化合物所生成的n價的未經取代的連結芳香族基的具體例可列舉:
自聯苯、苯基吡啶、苯基嘧啶、苯基三嗪、聯吡啶、聯嘧啶、聯三嗪、聯三苯(terphenyl)、二苯基吡啶、二苯基嘧啶、二苯基三嗪、雙三嗪基苯、三聯吡啶、苯基聯三苯、苯基萘、苯基喹啉、聯萘、聯喹啉、二苯基萘、二苯基喹啉、苯基二苯并呋喃、苯基二苯并噻吩、苯基咔唑、二苯并呋喃基吡啶、二苯并噻吩基吡啶、吡啶基咔唑、二苯并呋喃基咔唑、二苯并噻吩基咔唑、咔唑基咔唑、二苯基咔唑、咔唑基聯苯、咔唑基聯三苯、雙咔唑基苯或雙咔唑基聯苯等中去除n個氫所生成的n價基團,較佳為自聯苯、苯基吡啶、苯基嘧啶、苯基三嗪、聯吡啶、聯嘧啶、聯三嗪、聯三苯、二苯基吡啶、二苯基嘧啶、二苯基三嗪、雙三嗪基苯、三聯吡啶、苯基萘或苯基喹啉中去除n個氫所生成的n價基團。
上述芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基亦可具有取代基,在具有取代基的情況下,取代基的總數為1~6。較佳為1~4,更佳為1~2。另外,在上述芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基具有兩個以上取代基的情況下,該等取代基可相同亦可不同。在連結芳香族基具有取代基的情況下,與構成連結芳香族基的芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基的取代基相同。
在上述芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基具有取代基的情況下,取代基分別獨立地為碳數1~10的烷基、碳數3~10的環烷基、碳數1~10的烷氧基、-OAr、-N(Ar)2、-Si(Ar)3。Ar為碳數6~10的芳香族烴基、碳數3~10的芳香族雜環基或2個~3個該些芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基連結而成的連結芳香族基,多個Ar
可相同亦可不同。另外,在Ar為芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基或連結芳香族基的情況下,該些基團可具有取代基,但限定於上述碳數的範圍內。該取代基是自上述中選擇,但較佳為碳數1~6的烷基、或碳數1~6的烷氧基。
烷基的具體例可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基或癸基等,較佳為甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基或辛基。更佳為甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基或己基等碳數1~6的烷基。上述烷基可為直鏈亦可分支。
環烷基的具體例可列舉:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、甲基環己基、環庚基、環辛基、環壬基或環癸基等,較佳為環戊基、環己基或甲基環己基等碳數3~8的環烷基。
烷氧基的具體例可列舉:甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、壬氧基或癸氧基等,較佳為甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基或辛氧基。更佳為甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基或己氧基等碳數1~6的烷氧基。上述烷氧基可為直鏈亦可分支。
通式(1)中,較佳的A可列舉上述式(2)~上述式(5)、較佳為式(2)、式(3)或式(4)所表示的n價基團。式(2)~式(5)中,Y分別獨立地表示C、C(R)或氮,n個Y為C。其中,式(4)中的Y的n+1個為C。構成各六員環的Y中,較佳為0個~3個Y為氮。提供n價基團的n個C可存在於同一個環上,亦可存在於不同的環上。此處,n及R具有與通式(1)的n及R
相同的含義。
在通式(1)及Y為C(R)的情況下,R分別獨立地為氫、碳數1~10的烷基、碳數3~10的環烷基、碳數1~10的烷氧基、-OAr、-N(Ar)2、-Si(Ar)3、碳數6~10的芳香族烴基、碳數3~10的芳香族雜環基或2個~3個該些芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基連結而成的連結芳香族基。較佳為氫、碳數1~6的烷基、碳數3~8的環烷基、碳數1~6的烷氧基、碳數6~10的芳香族烴基、碳數3~10的芳香族雜環基或2個~3個該些芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基連結而成的連結芳香族基。
此處,-OAr、-N(Ar)2、-Si(Ar)3中的Ar與通式(1)的A的說明中作為芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基具有取代基的情況下的取代基所說明的-OAr、-N(Ar)2、-Si(Ar)3中的Ar具有相同的含義。另外,關於芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基或連結芳香族基,除碳數的範圍不同以外,與通式(1)的A相同。烷基、環烷基、烷氧基的具體例與通式(1)的A的說明中作為芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基具有取代基的情況下的取代基所說明的該些烷基、環烷基、烷氧基相同。
通式(1)及式(2)~式(5)中,分別相同的符號及式只要無特別說明,則可理解為具有相同的含義。
通式(1)中,X分別獨立地表示氧或硫。
本發明的有機EL元件中所使用的咔唑化合物可以4位經鹵素原子取代的咔唑衍生物與1位經鹵素原子取代的二苯并呋
喃衍生物或二苯并噻吩衍生物作為起始原料,由具有以咔唑的4位與二苯并呋喃或二苯并噻吩的1位鍵結而成的骨架的DBFT-咔唑化合物,根據目標化合物的結構而選擇原料,藉此使用公知的方法合成。
例如,具有以咔唑的4位與二苯并噻吩(DBT)的1位鍵結而成的骨架的DBT-咔唑化合物可以有機化學雜誌(The Journal of Organic Chemistry)1995,60,7508-7510.中所示的合成例作為參考使1-溴二苯并噻吩的溴原子轉化為硼酸頻哪醇酯之後,藉由與4-溴咔唑的鈴木-宮浦交叉偶合反應(Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling reaction)而合成。
藉由將該DBT-咔唑化合物的氮上的氫原子藉由例如烏爾曼反應(Ullmann reaction)等交叉偶合反應而取代為對應的芳香族基,可合成通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物。
將通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物的具體例示於以下,但並不限定於該些化合物。
上述通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物藉由包含於在基板上積層陽極、多個有機層及陰極而成的有機EL元件的至少一個有機層中而提供優異的有機EL元件。有機層較佳為至少具有發光層,此外亦較佳為具有電洞傳輸層、電子傳輸層、電洞阻擋層、電子阻擋層或激子阻擋層。含有通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物的
有機層適宜為發光層、電洞傳輸層、電子傳輸層、電洞阻擋層、電子阻擋層或激子阻擋層。更佳為以含有磷光發光摻雜劑的發光層的主體材料的形式含有。
本發明的有機EL元件於積層於基板上的陽極與陰極之間具有包含至少一個發光層的有機層,且至少一個有機層含有上述通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物。有利的是使通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物與磷光發光摻雜劑一併含有於發光層中。
其次,一面參照圖式一面對本發明的有機EL元件的構造進行說明,但本發明的有機EL元件的構造並不受圖示構造的任何限定。
圖1是表示通常的有機EL元件的構造例的剖面圖,1表示基板,2表示陽極,3表示電洞注入層,4表示電洞傳輸層,5表示發光層,6表示電子傳輸層,7表示陰極。本發明的有機EL元件亦可與發光層鄰接而具有激子阻擋層,另外,亦可於發光層與電洞注入層之間具有電子阻擋層。激子阻擋層可插入至發光層的陽極側、陰極側的任一側,亦可同時插入至兩側。本發明的有機EL元件中,具有基板、陽極、發光層及陰極作為必需的層,但較佳為具有電洞注入傳輸層、電子注入傳輸層作為必需的層以外的層,較佳為進而於發光層與電子注入傳輸層之間具有電洞阻擋層。此外,電洞注入傳輸層意指電洞注入層與電洞傳輸層的任一者或兩者,電子注入傳輸層意指電子注入層與電子傳輸層的任一者或兩者。
此外,亦可為與圖1相反的構造,即於基板1上依序積層陰極7、電子傳輸層6、發光層5、電洞傳輸層4、陽極2,在該情況下,亦可視需要追加層或省略層。
-基板-
本發明的有機EL元件較佳為由基板支撐。關於該基板,並無特別限制,只要為先前以來慣用於有機EL元件中的基板即可,例如可使用包含玻璃、透明塑膠、石英等的基板。
-陽極-
有機EL元件中的陽極可較佳地使用以功函數大(4eV以上)的金屬、合金、導電性化合物及該些的混合物作為電極物質的陽極。此種電極物質的具體例可列舉:Au等金屬、CuI、氧化銦錫(ITO)、SnO2、ZnO等導電性透明材料。另外,亦可使用IDIXO(In2O3-ZnO)等可以非晶質製作透明導電膜的材料。陽極可使該些電極物質藉由蒸鍍或濺鍍(sputtering)等方法而形成薄膜,利用光微影法(photolithography method)形成所需的形狀的圖案(pattern),或者在並未嚴格要求圖案精度的情況(100μm以上左右)下,亦可於上述電極物質的蒸鍍或濺鍍時經由所需的形狀的遮罩(mask)形成圖案。或者,在使用如有機導電性化合物般可塗佈的物質的情況下,亦可使用印刷方式、塗佈(coating)方式等濕式成膜法。在自該陽極取出發光的情況下,理想的是使透射率大於10%,另外,作為陽極的薄片電阻(sheet resistance)較佳為數百Ω/□以下。進而膜厚雖亦取決於材料,但通常於10nm~
1000nm、較佳為10nm~200nm的範圍內選擇。
-陰極-
另一方面,陰極可使用以功函數小(4eV以下)的金屬(稱為電子注入性金屬)、合金、導電性化合物及該些的混合物作為電極物質的陰極。此種電極物質的具體例可列舉:鈉、鈉-鉀合金、鎂、鋰、鎂/銅混合物、鎂/銀混合物、鎂/鋁混合物、鎂/銦混合物、鋁/氧化鋁(Al2O3)混合物、銦、鋰/鋁混合物、稀土類金屬等。該些之中,就電子注入性及對氧化等的耐久性的方面而言,較佳為電子注入性金屬與作為功函數的值大於電子注入性金屬而穩定的金屬的第二金屬的混合物、例如鎂/銀混合物、鎂/鋁混合物、鎂/銦混合物、鋁/氧化鋁(Al2O3)混合物、鋰/鋁混合物、鋁等。陰極可藉由使該些電極物質利用蒸鍍或濺鍍等方法形成薄膜而製作。另外,作為陰極的薄片電阻較佳為數百Ω/□以下,膜厚通常於10nm~5μm、較佳為50nm~200nm的範圍內選擇。此外,為了使所發出的光透過,只要有機EL元件的陽極或陰極的任一者為透明或半透明,則會使發光亮度提高而為較佳情況。
另外,於陰極上以1nm~20nm的膜厚製作上述金屬後,於其上製作於陽極的說明中所列舉的導電性透明材料,藉此可製作透明或半透明的陰極,藉由應用該陰極可製作陽極與陰極兩者具有透射性的元件。
-發光層-
發光層可為螢光發光層、磷光發光層的任一者,較佳為磷光
發光層。
在發光層為螢光發光層的情況下,螢光發光材料可單獨使用至少一種螢光發光材料,但較佳為使用螢光發光材料作為螢光發光摻雜劑並含有主體材料。
發光層中的螢光發光材料可使用通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物,但由於由多個專利文獻等所知而亦可自該等如下化合物中選擇。例如可列舉:以苯并噁唑衍生物、苯并噻唑衍生物、苯并咪唑衍生物、苯乙烯基苯衍生物、聚苯基衍生物、二苯基丁二烯衍生物、四苯基丁二烯衍生物、萘二甲醯亞胺衍生物、香豆素衍生物、縮合芳香族化合物、哌瑞酮(perinone)衍生物、噁二唑衍生物、噁嗪衍生物、醛連氮衍生物、吡嗪衍生物、環戊二烯衍生物、雙苯乙烯基蒽衍生物、喹吖啶酮衍生物、吡咯并吡啶衍生物、噻二唑並吡啶衍生物、苯乙烯基胺衍生物、二酮基吡咯并吡咯衍生物、芳香族二次甲基化合物、8-羥基喹啉(quinolinol)衍生物的金屬錯合物或吡咯亞甲基(pyrromethene)衍生物的金屬錯合物、稀土類錯合物、過渡金屬錯合物為代表的各種金屬錯合物等,聚噻吩、聚苯、聚苯乙炔等聚合物化合物,有機矽烷衍生物等。可較佳地列舉縮合芳香族化合物、苯乙烯基化合物、二酮基吡咯并吡咯化合物、噁嗪化合物、吡咯亞甲基金屬錯合物、過渡金屬錯合物、鑭系錯合物,可更佳地列舉稠四苯、芘、、聯伸三苯、苯并[c]菲、苯并[a]蒽、稠五苯、苝、螢蒽、苊並螢蒽、二苯并[a,j]蒽、二苯并[a,h]蒽、苯并[a]稠四苯、稠六苯、蒽嵌蒽
(anthanthrene)、萘并[2,1-f]異喹啉、α-萘啡啶(α-naphthaphenanthridine)、菲并噁唑、喹啉并[6,5-f]喹啉、苯并萘并噻吩(benzothiophanthrene)等。該些亦可具有烷基、芳基、芳香族雜環基、二芳基胺基作為取代基。
在使用上述螢光發光材料作為螢光發光摻雜劑並含有主體材料的情況下,螢光發光摻雜劑於發光層中的含量較佳為在0.01重量%~20重量%、較佳為0.1重量%~10重量%的範圍內。
通常,有機EL元件是自陽極、陰極的兩電極將電荷注入至發光物質,生成激發狀態的發光物質而使之發光。在電荷注入型的有機EL元件的情況下,所生成的激子中,激發為單態激發狀態的激子為25%,其餘75%被激發為三重態激發狀態。如「先進材料(Advanced Materials)」2009,21,4802-4806.所示,已知特定的螢光發光物質藉由系間交差(intersystem crossing)等使能量轉化為三重態激發狀態後,藉由三重態-三重態消減或熱能的吸收而逆系間交差(inverse intersystem crossing)成單態激發狀態從而放射螢光,表現出熱活性化延遲螢光。本發明的有機EL元件亦可表現出延遲螢光。在該情況下,亦可包含螢光發光及延遲螢光發光兩者。但是,亦可為發光的一部分或部分地源自主體材料的發光。
在發光層為延遲螢光發光層的情況下,發光層中亦可單獨使用延遲螢光材料,但較佳為使用延遲螢光材料作為延遲螢光發光摻雜劑並混合主體材料。
發光層中的延遲螢光發光材料可使用本發明化合物,亦可自公知的延遲螢光發光材料中選擇。例如可列舉非專利文獻「Appl.Phys.Lett.」98,083302(2011)中所記載的吲哚并咔唑衍生物或「自然(Nature)」492,234(2012)中所記載的咔唑衍生物等,但並不限定於該些化合物。
將延遲螢光材料的具體例示於下述,但並不限定於下述化合物。
在使用上述延遲螢光發光材料作為延遲螢光發光摻雜
劑並含有主體材料的情況下,延遲螢光發光摻雜劑於發光層中的含量較佳為在0.01重量%~50重量%、較佳為0.1重量%~20重量%、更佳為0.01重量%~10重量%的範圍內。
發光層中的延遲螢光主體材料可使用本發明化合物,但亦可自本發明化合物以外的化合物中選擇。例如可使用萘、蒽、菲、芘、、稠四苯、聯伸三苯、苝、螢蒽、茀、茚等具有縮合芳基環的化合物或其衍生物、N,N'-二萘基-N,N'-二苯基-4,4'-二苯基-1,1'-二胺等芳香族胺衍生物、以三(8-羥基喹啉(quinolinato))鋁(III)為代表的金屬螯合化8-羥基喹啉酮(oxinoid)化合物、二苯乙烯基苯衍生物等雙苯乙烯基衍生物、四苯基丁二烯衍生物、茚衍生物、香豆素衍生物、噁二唑衍生物、吡咯并吡啶衍生物、哌瑞酮衍生物、環戊二烯衍生物、吡咯并吡咯衍生物、噻二唑并吡啶衍生物、二苯并呋喃衍生物、咔唑衍生物、吲哚并咔唑衍生物、三嗪衍生物、聚合物系中的聚苯乙炔衍生物、聚對苯衍生物、聚茀衍生物、聚乙烯基咔唑衍生物、聚噻吩衍生物、芳基矽烷衍生物等,但並無特別限定。
在發光層為磷光發光層的情況下,含有磷光發光摻雜劑與主體材料。磷光發光摻雜劑較佳為含有包含選自釕、銠、鈀、銀、錸、鋨、銥、鉑及金中的至少一種金屬的有機金屬錯合物。具體而言可列舉以下的專利文獻中所記載的化合物,但並不限定於該些化合物。
WO2009/073245A1、WO2009/046266A1、
WO2007/095118A1、WO2008/156879A1、WO2008/140657A1、US2008/261076A1、日本專利特表2008-542203號公報、WO2008/054584A1、日本專利特表2008-505925號公報、日本專利特表2007-522126號公報、日本專利特表2004-506305號公報、日本專利特表2006-513278號公報、日本專利特表2006-50596號公報、WO2006/046980A1、WO2005/113704A1、US2005/260449A1、US2005/2260448A1、US2005/214576A1、WO2005/076380A1、US2005/119485A1、WO2004/045001A1、WO2004/045000A1、WO2006/100888A1、WO2007/004380A1、WO2007/023659A1、WO2008/035664A1、日本專利特開2003-272861號公報、日本專利特開2004-111193號公報、日本專利特開2004-319438號公報、日本專利特開2007-2080號公報、日本專利特開2007-9009號公報、日本專利特開2007-227948號公報、日本專利特開2008-91906號公報、日本專利特開2008-311607號公報、日本專利特開2009-19121號公報、日本專利特開2009-46601號公報、日本專利特開2009-114369號公報、日本專利特開2003-253128號公報、日本專利特開2003-253129號公報、日本專利特開2003-253145號公報、日本專利特開2005-38847號公報、日本專利特開2005-82598號公報、日本專利特開2005-139185號公報、日本專利特開2005-187473號公報、日本專利特開2005-220136號公報、日本專利特開2006-63080號公報、日本專利特開2006-104201號公報、日本專利特開2006-111623號
公報、日本專利特開2006-213720號公報、日本專利特開2006-290891號公報、日本專利特開2006-298899號公報、日本專利特開2006-298900號公報、WO2007/018067A1、WO2007/058080A1、WO2007/058104A1、日本專利特開2006-131561號公報、日本專利特開2008-239565號公報、日本專利特開2008-266163號公報、日本專利特開2009-57367號公報、日本專利特開2002-117978號公報、日本專利特開2003-123982號公報、日本專利特開2003-133074號公報、日本專利特開2006-93542號公報、日本專利特開2006-131524號公報、日本專利特開2006-261623號公報、日本專利特開2006-303383號公報、日本專利特開2006-303394號公報、日本專利特開2006-310479號公報、日本專利特開2007-88105號公報、日本專利特開2007-258550號公報、日本專利特開2007-324309號公報、日本專利特開2008-270737號公報、日本專利特開2009-96800號公報、日本專利特開2009-161524號公報、WO2008/050733號公報、日本專利特開2003-73387號公報、日本專利特開2004-59433號公報、日本專利特開2004-155709號公報、日本專利特開2006-104132號公報、日本專利特開2008-37848號公報、日本專利特開2008-133212號公報、日本專利特開2009-57304號公報、日本專利特開2009-286716號公報、日本專利特開2010-83852號公報、日本專利特表2009-532546號公報、日本專利特表2009-536681號公報、日本專利特表2009-542026號公報等。
較佳的磷光發光摻雜劑可列舉:具有Ir等貴金屬元素作為中心金屬的Ir(ppy)3等錯合物類、Ir(bt)2(acac)等錯合物類、PtOEt3等錯合物類。將該些錯合物類的具體例示於以下,但並不限定於下述化合物。
上述磷光發光摻雜劑於發光層中的含量較佳為在0.1重量%~50重量%的範圍內。更佳為1重量%~30重量%。
發光層中的主體材料較佳為使用上述通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物。但是,在將該咔唑化合物用於發光層以外的其他任一有機層的情況下,發光層中所使用的材料亦可為通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物以外的其他主體材料。另外,亦可將通式(1)
所表示的咔唑化合物與其他主體材料併用。進而,亦可併用多種公知的主體材料而使用。
可使用的公知的主體材料較佳為具有電洞傳輸能力、電子傳輸能力,且防止發光的長波長化,此外且具有高玻璃轉移溫度的化合物。
關於此種其他主體材料,由於由多個專利文獻等所知而可自下述材料中選擇。主體材料的具體例並無特別限定,可列舉:以吲哚衍生物、咔唑衍生物、吲哚并咔唑衍生物、三唑衍生物、噁唑衍生物、噁二唑衍生物、咪唑衍生物、聚芳基烷烴衍生物、吡唑啉衍生物、吡唑啉酮衍生物、苯二胺衍生物、芳基胺衍生物、經胺基取代的查耳酮衍生物、苯乙烯基蒽衍生物、茀酮衍生物、腙衍生物、均二苯乙烯衍生物、矽氮烷衍生物、芳香族三級胺化合物、苯乙烯基胺化合物、芳香族二次甲基系化合物、卟啉系化合物、蒽醌二甲烷衍生物、蒽酮衍生物、二苯基醌(diphenyl quinone)衍生物、噻喃二氧化物衍生物、萘苝等雜環四羧酸酐、酞菁衍生物、8-羥基喹啉(quinolinol)衍生物的金屬錯合物或金屬酞菁、苯并噁唑或苯并噻唑衍生物的金屬錯合物為代表的各種金屬錯合物,聚矽烷系化合物、聚(N-乙烯基咔唑)衍生物、苯胺系共聚物、噻吩低聚物、聚噻吩衍生物、聚苯衍生物、聚苯乙炔衍生物、聚茀衍生物等高分子化合物等。
-注入層-
注入層是指用以降低驅動電壓或提高發光亮度而設置於電極
與有機層間的層,有電洞注入層與電子注入層,亦可存在於陽極與發光層或電洞傳輸層之間、及陰極與發光層或電子傳輸層之間。亦可視需要設置注入層。
-電洞阻擋層-
電洞阻擋層廣義而言是指包含具有電子傳輸層的功能,具有傳輸電子的功能並且傳輸電洞的能力非常小的電洞阻擋材料,可藉由傳輸電子並且阻擋電洞而提高電洞與電子於發光層中再結合的機率。
電洞阻擋層較佳為使用通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物,在將該咔唑化合物用於其他任一有機層的情況下,亦可使用公知的電洞阻擋材料。另外,電洞阻擋層的材料可視需要使用下述電子傳輸層的材料。
-電子阻擋層-
電子阻擋層是指包含具有傳輸電洞的功能且傳輸電子的能力非常小的電子阻擋材料,可藉由傳輸電洞且阻擋電子而提高電洞與電子於發光層中再結合的機率。
電子阻擋層的材料較佳為使用通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物,在將該咔唑化合物用於其他任一有機層的情況下,可視需要使用下述電洞傳輸層的材料。電子阻擋層的膜厚較佳為3nm~100nm,更佳為5nm~30nm。
-激子阻擋層-
激子阻擋層是指用以阻擋藉由在發光層內電洞與電子再結合
而產生的激子拡散至電荷傳輸層的層,藉由插入本層可將激子有效地封閉於發光層內,可提高元件的發光效率。激子阻擋層可鄰接於發光層而插入至陽極側、陰極側的任一側,亦可同時插入至兩側。
激子阻擋層的材料可使用通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物,在將該咔唑化合物用於其他任一有機層的情況下,可自先前公知的化合物中選擇任意的化合物而使用。公知的激子阻擋材料例如可列舉:1,3-二(9-咔唑基)苯(mCP)或雙(2-甲基-8-羥基喹啉(quinolinato))-4-苯基苯酚鋁(III)(BAlq)。
-電洞傳輸層-
電洞傳輸層包含具有傳輸電洞的功能的電洞傳輸材料,電洞傳輸層可設置單層或多層。
電洞傳輸材料具有電洞的注入或傳輸、電子的障壁性的任一種性質,可為有機物、無機物的任一種。電洞傳輸層中較佳為使用通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物,但在將該咔唑化合物用於其他任一有機層的情況下,可自先前公知的化合物中選擇任意的化合物而使用。可使用的公知的電洞傳輸材料例如可列舉:咔唑衍生物、三唑衍生物、噁唑衍生物、噁二唑衍生物、咪唑衍生物、聚芳基烷烴衍生物、吡唑啉衍生物、吡唑啉酮衍生物、苯二胺衍生物、芳基胺衍生物、經胺基取代的查耳酮衍生物、苯乙烯基蒽衍生物、茀酮衍生物、腙衍生物、均二苯乙烯衍生物、矽氮烷衍生物、芳香族三級胺化合物、苯乙烯基胺化合物、卟啉化合物、
聚矽烷系化合物、苯胺系共聚物,另外,亦可列舉導電性高分子低聚物、尤其是噻吩低聚物等,但較佳為使用卟啉化合物、芳香族三級胺化合物及苯乙烯基胺化合物,更佳為使用芳香族三級胺化合物。
-電子傳輸層-
所謂電子傳輸層,包含具有傳輸電子的功能的電子傳輸材料,可設置單層或多層電子傳輸層。
電子傳輸材料(亦有兼作電洞阻擋材料的情況)只要具有將自陰極注入的電子傳遞至發光層的功能即可。電子傳輸層中較佳為使用通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物,但在將該咔唑化合物用於其他任一有機層的情況下,可自先前公知的化合物中選擇任意的化合物而使用,例如可列舉:三唑衍生物、噁唑衍生物、咪唑衍生物、經硝基取代的茀衍生物、蒽醌二甲烷衍生物、蒽酮衍生物、二苯基醌衍生物、噻喃二氧化物衍生物、碳二醯亞胺衍生物、亞茀基甲烷衍生物、噁二唑衍生物等。進而,於上述噁二唑衍生物中,將噁二唑環的氧原子取代為硫原子而成的噻二唑衍生物、作為電子吸引基而為大眾所知的具有喹噁啉環的喹噁啉衍生物亦可用作電子傳輸材料。進而亦可使用將該些材料導入至高分子鏈而成的高分子材料、或以該些材料作為高分子的主鏈的高分子材料。
[實施例]
以下,藉由實施例更詳細地說明本發明,本發明當然並
不限定於該些實施例,只要不超過其主旨,則可以各種形態實施。
藉由以下所示的合成路徑來合成本發明中所使用的通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物。此外,化合物編號與上述化學式上所標附的編號相對應。
合成例1
化合物(23)的合成
於氮氣環境下,一面於室溫下攪拌1-溴二苯并[b,d]噻吩(A)16.02g(0.061mol)、雙(頻哪醇基(pinacolato))二硼23.20g(0.091mol)、乙酸鉀17.93g(0.18mol)及二甲基亞碸400ml,一面添加[1,1'-雙(二苯基膦基)二茂鐵]二氯鈀(II).二氯甲烷錯合物2.49g(0.0031mol)之後,於80℃下一面加熱一面攪拌4小時。將反應溶液冷卻至室溫後,添加蒸餾水2,400ml,利用乙酸乙酯(3×600ml)對該溶液進行萃取。利用蒸餾水400ml對有機層進行清洗,利用無水硫酸鎂乾燥後,將溶劑減壓蒸餾去除。藉由矽膠管柱層析法(silica gel column chromatography)對所獲得的殘渣進行純化,獲得硼酸頻哪醇酯(B)12.09g(0.039mol,產
率64%)。
大氣壓化學電離-飛行時間質譜(Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization-Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry,APCI-TOFMS),m/z 310[M]+
於氮氣環境下,一面於室溫下攪拌4-溴咔唑(C)4.19g(0.017mol)、硼酸頻哪醇酯(B)6.87g(0.022mol)、碳酸鈉水溶液(2.0mol/l)36ml、乙醇43ml及甲苯128ml,一面添加四(三苯基膦)鈀(0)0.393g(0.00034mol)之後,於70℃下一面加熱回流一面攪拌19.5小時。將反應溶液冷卻至室溫後,添加蒸餾水40ml。將該溶液濃縮後,利用二氯甲烷(3×150ml)進行萃取。利用無水硫酸鎂將有機層乾燥後,將溶劑減壓蒸餾去除。藉由矽膠管柱層析法對所獲得的殘渣進行純化,以白色固體的形式獲得4-(1-二苯并[b,d]噻吩基)咔唑(D)5.55g(0.016mol,產率93%)。
APCI-TOFMS,m/z 349[M]+
於氮氣環境下,一面於室溫下攪拌1,3-二碘苯2.33g(0.0071mol)、4-(1-二苯并[b,d]噻吩基)咔唑(D)5.43g(0.016mol)、碘化銅(I)0.142g(0.00071mol)、磷酸三鉀6.00g(0.028mol)及脫水1,4-二噁烷140ml,一面添加反式-1,2-環己二胺0.85ml(0.0071mol)之後,於100℃下一面加熱回流一面攪拌16小時。將反應溶液冷卻至室溫後,將無機鹽過濾分離,將溶劑減壓蒸餾去除。利用矽膠管柱層析法將所獲得的殘渣純化。進而,藉由加熱再打漿進行純化,以白色固體的形式獲得化合物(23)5.36g(0.0069mol,產率98%)。
將化合物(23)的質子核磁共振(Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,1H-NMR)(400MHz,THF-d8)測定結果示於圖2。
APCI-TOFMS,m/z 773[M+H]+
實施例1
於形成有包含膜厚110nm的氧化銦錫(ITO)的陽極的玻璃基板上利用真空蒸鍍法於真空度2.0×10-5Pa下積層各薄膜。首先,於ITO上使銅酞菁(CuPC)形成為25nm的厚度作為電洞注入層。其次,使4,4'-雙[N-(1-萘基)-N-苯基胺基]聯苯(NPD)形成
為90nm的厚度作為電洞傳輸層。其次,於電洞傳輸層上對作為發光層的主體材料的化合物(23)與作為藍色磷光發光材料的吡啶甲酸雙[2-(4,6-二氟苯基)吡啶根基-N,C2']銥(FIrpic)自不同的蒸鍍源進行共蒸鍍,而使發光層形成為30nm的厚度。此時,FIrpic的濃度為10wt%。其次,使三(8-羥基喹啉)鋁(Alq3)形成為30nm的厚度作為電子傳輸層。進而,於電子傳輸層上使氟化鋰(LiF)形成為1nm的厚度作為電子注入層。最後,於電子注入層上使鋁(Al)形成為70nm的厚度作為電極,從而製成有機EL元件。
將外部電源連接於所獲得的有機EL元件並施加直流電壓,結果確認到具有如表1所示的發光特性。表1中,亮度、電壓及發光效率是表示以2.5mA/cm2驅動時的值。此外,可知元件發光光譜(emission spectrum)的極大波長為475nm,可獲得源自FIrpic的發光。
實施例2~實施例3
使用化合物(48)或化合物(53)代替化合物(23)作為實施例1中的發光層的主體材料,除此以外,以與實施例1相同的方式製成有機EL元件。確定為各元件發光光譜的極大波長為475nm,可獲得源自FIrpic的發光。表1中表示各自的發光特性。
比較例1
使用1,3-二(9-咔唑基)苯(mCP)作為實施例1中的發光層的主體材料,除此以外,以與實施例1相同的方式製成有機EL元件。確定為元件發光光譜的極大波長為475nm,可獲得源自FIrpic的
發光。表1中表示發光特性。
比較例2~比較例3
使用化合物(H1)或化合物(H2)作為實施例1中的發光層的主體材料,除此以外,以與實施例1相同的方式製成有機EL元件。確定為元件發光光譜的極大波長為475nm,可獲得源自FIrpic的發光。表1中表示發光特性。
實施例4
於形成有包含膜厚110nm的氧化銦錫(ITO)的陽極的玻璃基板上利用真空蒸鍍法於真空度2.0×10-5Pa下積層各薄膜。首先,於ITO上使銅酞菁(CuPC)形成為25nm的厚度作為電洞注入層。其次,使4,4'-雙[N-(1-萘基)-N-苯基胺基]聯苯(NPD)形成為40nm的厚度作為電洞傳輸層。其次,於電洞傳輸層上對作為發光層的主體材料的化合物(23)與作為綠色磷光發光材料的三(2-苯基吡啶)銥(Ir(ppy)3)自不同的蒸鍍源進行共蒸鍍,使發光層形成為40nm的厚度。此時,Ir(ppy)3的濃度為10wt%。其次,使三(8-羥基喹啉)鋁(Alq3)形成為20nm的厚度作為電子傳輸層。進而,於電子傳輸層上使氟化鋰(LiF)形成為1nm的厚度作為電子注入層。最後,於電子注入層上使鋁(Al)形成為70nm的厚度作為電極,從而製成有機EL元件。
將外部電源連接於所獲得的有機EL元件並施加直流電壓,結果確認到具有如表2所示的發光特性。表2中,亮度、電
壓及發光效率是表示以20mA/cm2驅動時的值。此外,可知元件發光光譜的極大波長為530nm,可獲得源自Ir(ppy)3的發光。
實施例5~實施例8
使用化合物(48)、化合物(50)、化合物(51)或化合物(53)代替化合物(23)作為實施例4中的發光層的主體材料,除此以外,以與實施例4相同的方式製成有機EL元件。確定為各元件發光光譜的極大波長為530nm,可獲得源自Ir(ppy)3的發光。表2中表示各自的發光特性。
比較例4
使用4,4'-二(9-咔唑基)聯苯(CBP)作為實施例4中的發光層的主體材料,除此以外,以與實施例4相同的方式製成有機EL元件。確定為元件發光光譜的極大波長為530nm,可獲得源自Ir(ppy)3的發光。表2中表示發光特性。
比較例5~比較例6
使用化合物(H1)或化合物(H2)作為實施例4中的發光層的主體材料,除此以外,以與實施例4相同的方式製成有機EL元件。確定為元件發光光譜的極大波長為530nm,可獲得源自Ir(ppy)3的發光。表2中表示發光特性。
1‧‧‧基板
2‧‧‧陽極
3‧‧‧電洞注入層
4‧‧‧電洞傳輸層
5‧‧‧發光層
6‧‧‧電子傳輸層
7‧‧‧陰極
Claims (4)
- 一種有機電場發光元件,其是於基板上積層陽極、有機層及陰極而成的有機電場發光元件,其特徵在於:於選自由發光層、電洞傳輸層、電子傳輸層、電洞阻擋層、電子阻擋層及激子阻擋層所組成的組群中的至少一個層中含有通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物,
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的有機電場發光元件,其中R為氫。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的有機電場發光元件,其中A為下述式(2)~下述式(5)中任一個所表示的n價的芳香族基,
- 如申請專利範圍第1項至第3項中任一項所述的有機電場發光元件,其中含有通式(1)所表示的咔唑化合物的層為含有磷 光發光摻雜劑的發光層。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012160344 | 2012-07-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201406756A TW201406756A (zh) | 2014-02-16 |
TWI567069B true TWI567069B (zh) | 2017-01-21 |
Family
ID=49948765
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW102125476A TWI567069B (zh) | 2012-07-19 | 2013-07-17 | 有機電場發光元件 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9614166B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2876699B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6169078B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR102099661B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN104471734B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI567069B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2014013936A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102176965B1 (ko) * | 2012-09-07 | 2020-11-10 | 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 신규 방향족 복소 고리 유도체, 유기 일렉트로 루미네선스 소자용 재료, 유기 일렉트로 루미네선스 소자용 재료 용액 및 유기 일렉트로 루미네선스 소자 |
JP6627508B2 (ja) * | 2013-08-14 | 2020-01-08 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、照明装置、表示装置及び蛍光発光性化合物 |
WO2016015810A1 (de) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Materialien f?r organische elektrolumineszenzvorrichtungen |
JP6549374B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2019-07-24 | 三星ディスプレイ株式會社Samsung Display Co.,Ltd. | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 |
KR102153447B1 (ko) * | 2015-12-01 | 2020-09-08 | 엘티소재주식회사 | 헤테로고리 화합물 및 이를 이용한 유기 발광 소자 |
KR102061246B1 (ko) | 2016-09-28 | 2020-02-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 광전자 소자용 화합물, 유기 광전자 소자용 조성물, 유기 광전자 소자 및 표시 장치 |
KR20210136224A (ko) | 2020-05-06 | 2021-11-17 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 발광 소자 및 이를 포함하는 전자 장치 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007119816A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-25 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
WO2009060779A1 (ja) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
WO2011055934A2 (ko) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-12 | 제일모직 주식회사 | 유기광전소자용 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 유기광전소자 |
JP2012049518A (ja) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-03-08 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、化合物、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置、並びに照明装置 |
WO2012077520A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-14 | 新日鐵化学株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
Family Cites Families (97)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3379591A1 (en) | 1999-12-01 | 2018-09-26 | The Trustees of Princeton University | Complexes of form l2mx |
JP2001313178A (ja) | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-09 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
JP4340401B2 (ja) | 2000-07-17 | 2009-10-07 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 発光素子及びイリジウム錯体 |
CN100505375C (zh) | 2000-08-11 | 2009-06-24 | 普林斯顿大学理事会 | 有机金属化合物和发射转换有机电致磷光 |
US6939624B2 (en) | 2000-08-11 | 2005-09-06 | Universal Display Corporation | Organometallic compounds and emission-shifting organic electrophosphorescence |
JP3812730B2 (ja) | 2001-02-01 | 2006-08-23 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 遷移金属錯体及び発光素子 |
JP4285947B2 (ja) | 2001-06-15 | 2009-06-24 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 発光性有機金属化合物及び発光素子 |
JP2003123982A (ja) | 2001-08-07 | 2003-04-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 発光素子及び新規イリジウム錯体 |
JP2003073387A (ja) | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-12 | Canon Inc | 金属配位化合物及び有機発光素子 |
JP2003253128A (ja) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Jsr Corp | 発光性組成物 |
JP2003253129A (ja) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Jsr Corp | 発光性組成物 |
JP2003253145A (ja) | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-10 | Jsr Corp | 発光性組成物 |
JP3969132B2 (ja) | 2002-03-12 | 2007-09-05 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及びそれを用いた表示装置 |
EP1534799A4 (en) | 2002-08-16 | 2008-02-27 | Univ Southern California | ELECTROLUMINESCENT ORGANIC MATERIALS AND DEVICES |
US6916554B2 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2005-07-12 | The University Of Southern California | Organic light emitting materials and devices |
JP2004111193A (ja) | 2002-09-18 | 2004-04-08 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び表示装置 |
JP4218311B2 (ja) | 2002-11-06 | 2009-02-04 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 有機金属錯体化合物及びこれを用いた有機発光素子 |
US20040086743A1 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2004-05-06 | Brown Cory S. | Organometallic compounds for use in electroluminescent devices |
US6858327B2 (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2005-02-22 | Universal Display Corporation | Organic light emitting materials and devices |
JP2004319438A (ja) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-11-11 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置、照明装置及びロジウム錯体化合物 |
KR100682858B1 (ko) | 2003-06-26 | 2007-02-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 금속 착물 및 이를 채용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
KR100718100B1 (ko) | 2003-09-06 | 2007-05-14 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이핵 유기금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
KR100773523B1 (ko) | 2003-11-06 | 2007-11-07 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
KR100773524B1 (ko) | 2003-12-24 | 2007-11-07 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이핵 유기 금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
US7279232B2 (en) | 2004-01-26 | 2007-10-09 | Universal Display Corporation | Electroluminescent stability |
KR100537621B1 (ko) | 2004-02-02 | 2005-12-19 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 이리듐 화합물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
US7332232B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2008-02-19 | Universal Display Corporation | OLEDs utilizing multidentate ligand systems |
US7534505B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2009-05-19 | The University Of Southern California | Organometallic compounds for use in electroluminescent devices |
US7279704B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2007-10-09 | The University Of Southern California | Complexes with tridentate ligands |
WO2005113704A2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2005-12-01 | The University Of Southern California | Luminescent compounds with carbene ligands |
WO2006004164A1 (ja) | 2004-07-06 | 2006-01-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | ディザパターン製造方法 |
US20060008670A1 (en) | 2004-07-06 | 2006-01-12 | Chun Lin | Organic light emitting materials and devices |
TWI399421B (zh) | 2004-07-07 | 2013-06-21 | Universal Display Corp | 穩定且有效之電致發光材料 |
KR101030011B1 (ko) | 2004-08-28 | 2011-04-20 | 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 | 시클로메탈화 전이금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계발광 소자 |
US7402345B2 (en) | 2004-09-14 | 2008-07-22 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electroluminescent iridium compounds with fluorinated phenylpyridine ligands, and devices made with such compounds |
JP4500735B2 (ja) | 2004-09-22 | 2010-07-14 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
JP4531509B2 (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2010-08-25 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 発光素子 |
KR100668305B1 (ko) | 2004-10-01 | 2007-01-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 시클로메탈화 전이금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계발광 소자 |
JP4687059B2 (ja) | 2004-10-06 | 2011-05-25 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 有機金属錯体、および発光材料、並びに発光素子 |
KR101015882B1 (ko) | 2004-10-11 | 2011-02-23 | 삼성모바일디스플레이주식회사 | 시클로메탈화 전이금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계발광 소자 |
JP5243684B2 (ja) | 2004-11-04 | 2013-07-24 | ユー・ディー・シー アイルランド リミテッド | 有機金属錯体、発光性固体、有機el素子及び有機elディスプレイ |
JP2006131561A (ja) | 2004-11-08 | 2006-05-25 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 金属錯体化合物 |
KR101234226B1 (ko) | 2005-02-03 | 2013-02-18 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기 금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
JPWO2006100888A1 (ja) | 2005-03-22 | 2008-08-28 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機el素子用材料、有機el素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
KR101223717B1 (ko) | 2005-04-12 | 2013-01-18 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 실릴 치환된 시클로메탈화 전이금속 착물 및 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
KR100611885B1 (ko) | 2005-04-21 | 2006-08-11 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 호스트용 화합물과 도판트용 화합물이 연결된 유기 금속화합물, 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 및 그의제조방법 |
KR100732823B1 (ko) | 2005-04-21 | 2007-06-27 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 호스트용 화합물과 도판트용 화합물이 연결된 유기 금속화합물, 이를 이용한 유기 전계 발광 소자 및 그의제조방법 |
JP2006303394A (ja) | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 有機電界発光素子 |
JP4801928B2 (ja) | 2005-04-25 | 2011-10-26 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
JP2006310479A (ja) | 2005-04-27 | 2006-11-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 有機電界発光素子 |
US7902374B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2011-03-08 | Universal Display Corporation | Stability OLED materials and devices |
US9051344B2 (en) | 2005-05-06 | 2015-06-09 | Universal Display Corporation | Stability OLED materials and devices |
JP4904727B2 (ja) | 2005-06-23 | 2012-03-28 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
JP4935001B2 (ja) | 2005-06-29 | 2012-05-23 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料 |
JP5076891B2 (ja) | 2005-07-01 | 2012-11-21 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
JPWO2007018067A1 (ja) | 2005-08-05 | 2009-02-19 | 出光興産株式会社 | 遷移金属錯体化合物及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
JP5130913B2 (ja) | 2005-08-25 | 2013-01-30 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
JP2007088105A (ja) | 2005-09-20 | 2007-04-05 | Fujifilm Corp | 有機電界発光素子 |
JPWO2007058104A1 (ja) | 2005-11-17 | 2009-04-30 | 出光興産株式会社 | 金属錯体化合物及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
JPWO2007058080A1 (ja) | 2005-11-17 | 2009-04-30 | 出光興産株式会社 | 金属錯体化合物及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
CN103254240B (zh) | 2006-02-10 | 2016-06-22 | 通用显示公司 | 包含磷光性金属络合物的化合物和包含所述化合物的oled器件 |
JP4945156B2 (ja) | 2006-03-24 | 2012-06-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
EP1842854A1 (en) | 2006-04-07 | 2007-10-10 | SOLVAY (Société Anonyme) | Light-emitting material |
US7737277B2 (en) | 2006-05-08 | 2010-06-15 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electroluminescent bis-cyclometalled iridium compounds and devices made with such compounds |
JP5233081B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-17 | 2013-07-10 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
JP5144034B2 (ja) | 2006-05-31 | 2013-02-13 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
US8247574B2 (en) | 2006-06-26 | 2012-08-21 | Basf Se | Use of PT -and PD-BIS- and tetra-carbon complexes with bridged carbon ligands in OLEDs |
JP2008037848A (ja) | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-21 | Takasago Internatl Corp | 白金錯体及び発光素子 |
JP5644050B2 (ja) | 2006-09-20 | 2014-12-24 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料 |
TWI429651B (zh) | 2006-10-24 | 2014-03-11 | Ube Industries | 金錯合物及其製法、以及使用該金錯合物之有機紫外電場發光元件 |
JP5127206B2 (ja) | 2006-11-28 | 2013-01-23 | キヤノン株式会社 | 金属錯体化合物、有機発光素子及び表示装置 |
US8778508B2 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2014-07-15 | Universal Display Corporation | Light-emitting organometallic complexes |
EP2121871B1 (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2013-08-14 | Universal Display Corporation | Phosphorescent materials |
JP2008270737A (ja) | 2007-03-23 | 2008-11-06 | Fujifilm Corp | 有機電界発光素子 |
JP2008239565A (ja) | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-09 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | イリジウム錯体とその製造法及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス |
JP5202864B2 (ja) | 2007-03-29 | 2013-06-05 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及びそれを用いた表示装置 |
JP2008266163A (ja) | 2007-04-17 | 2008-11-06 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 遷移金属錯体化合物及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
US7993763B2 (en) | 2007-05-10 | 2011-08-09 | Universal Display Corporation | Organometallic compounds having host and dopant functionalities |
JP5256485B2 (ja) | 2007-05-16 | 2013-08-07 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
WO2008156879A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2008-12-24 | Universal Display Corporation | Blue phosphorescent imidazophenanthridine materials |
JP5088025B2 (ja) | 2007-07-12 | 2012-12-05 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
JP2009057367A (ja) | 2007-08-03 | 2009-03-19 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 金属錯体化合物、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
JP5115094B2 (ja) | 2007-08-21 | 2013-01-09 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
JP2009057304A (ja) | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-19 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 金属錯体及び有機電界発光素子 |
JP5438941B2 (ja) | 2007-09-25 | 2014-03-12 | ユー・ディー・シー アイルランド リミテッド | 有機電界発光素子 |
JP4816610B2 (ja) | 2007-09-26 | 2011-11-16 | コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
TWI524567B (zh) * | 2007-09-27 | 2016-03-01 | 半導體能源研究所股份有限公司 | 發光元件,照明裝置,發光裝置,與電子裝置 |
US8067100B2 (en) | 2007-10-04 | 2011-11-29 | Universal Display Corporation | Complexes with tridentate ligands |
JP2009114369A (ja) | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-28 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
JP5438955B2 (ja) | 2007-12-14 | 2014-03-12 | ユー・ディー・シー アイルランド リミテッド | 白金錯体化合物及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 |
JP2009267257A (ja) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
JP2009267255A (ja) | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-12 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子用材料及びそれを用いた有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子 |
JP2009286716A (ja) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-12-10 | Sumitomo Seika Chem Co Ltd | イリジウム錯体 |
JP2010083852A (ja) | 2008-10-03 | 2010-04-15 | Wakayama Univ | 金属錯体の製造方法、金属錯体および有機電界発光素子 |
KR101431644B1 (ko) * | 2009-08-10 | 2014-08-21 | 롬엔드하스전자재료코리아유한회사 | 신규한 유기 발광 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자 |
JP6117465B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-29 | 2017-04-19 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | カルバゾール化合物、有機半導体材料および発光素子用材料 |
JP5771965B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-09 | 2015-09-02 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 多色燐光発光有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子及び照明装置 |
-
2013
- 2013-07-11 US US14/414,406 patent/US9614166B2/en active Active
- 2013-07-11 EP EP13820636.2A patent/EP2876699B1/en active Active
- 2013-07-11 KR KR1020157003853A patent/KR102099661B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2013-07-11 CN CN201380037591.3A patent/CN104471734B/zh active Active
- 2013-07-11 WO PCT/JP2013/069005 patent/WO2014013936A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-07-11 JP JP2014525803A patent/JP6169078B2/ja active Active
- 2013-07-17 TW TW102125476A patent/TWI567069B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007119816A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-10-25 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
WO2009060779A1 (ja) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-14 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置及び照明装置 |
WO2011055934A2 (ko) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-12 | 제일모직 주식회사 | 유기광전소자용 화합물 및 이를 포함하는 유기광전소자 |
JP2012049518A (ja) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-03-08 | Konica Minolta Holdings Inc | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子材料、化合物、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、表示装置、並びに照明装置 |
WO2012077520A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-14 | 新日鐵化学株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104471734B (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
CN104471734A (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
KR20150036600A (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
US9614166B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
EP2876699A1 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
JPWO2014013936A1 (ja) | 2016-06-30 |
US20150214495A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
EP2876699B1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
TW201406756A (zh) | 2014-02-16 |
EP2876699A4 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
WO2014013936A1 (ja) | 2014-01-23 |
JP6169078B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
KR102099661B1 (ko) | 2020-04-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4870245B2 (ja) | 燐光発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
KR102133241B1 (ko) | 유기 전계 발광 소자용 아다만탄 화합물 및 유기 전계 발광 소자 | |
TWI593698B (zh) | Materials for organic electroluminescent devices and organic electroluminescent devices using the same | |
TWI567164B (zh) | Organic electroluminescent element materials and organic electroluminescent elements | |
JP6334404B2 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用化合物及び有機電界発光素子 | |
JP6375302B2 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
JP6360797B2 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
TWI567069B (zh) | 有機電場發光元件 | |
JP6360796B2 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
KR102135228B1 (ko) | 유기 전계발광 소자용 붕소 화합물 및 유기 전계발광 소자 | |
JP6310928B2 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
JP6647283B2 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
WO2015098297A1 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
JP6310850B2 (ja) | 有機電界発光素子用材料及びこれを用いた有機電界発光素子 | |
KR20160130860A (ko) | 유기 전계발광 소자용 재료 및 이것을 사용한 유기 전계발광 소자 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |