WO2009105932A1 - 一种外挂组合式真空有载分接开关 - Google Patents

一种外挂组合式真空有载分接开关 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009105932A1
WO2009105932A1 PCT/CN2008/001753 CN2008001753W WO2009105932A1 WO 2009105932 A1 WO2009105932 A1 WO 2009105932A1 CN 2008001753 W CN2008001753 W CN 2008001753W WO 2009105932 A1 WO2009105932 A1 WO 2009105932A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tap
clock face
dial
shaft
sheave
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/001753
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖日明
Original Assignee
上海华明电力设备制造有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司 filed Critical 上海华明电力设备制造有限公司
Publication of WO2009105932A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009105932A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
    • H01H9/0033—Operating mechanisms with means for indicating the selected tap or limiting the number of selectable taps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an on-load tap-changer, in particular to an external combined vacuum on-load tap-off switch for use with a transformer.
  • the on-load tap-changer changes the primary-to-second turns ratio of the transformer by changing the different taps of the tap-changer windings when the transformer is energized or loaded, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the output voltage of the transformer.
  • a combined on-load tap changer typically includes a toggle switch and a tap selector. Normally, the diverter switch is on, and the tap selector is down, the two are coaxially set, and the middle is mechanically connected.
  • the combined on-load tapping is integrally placed into the transformer tank from the upper flange of the transformer.
  • the combined on-load tap-changer is usually a cylindrical member sealed in its own separate drum-shaped oil chamber; the tap selector is usually a cage structure with a number of terminals for transformers The coil taps are connected and directly immersed in the insulating medium in the transformer tank.
  • the transformer needs to reserve the switch position, which makes the transformer increase in volume.
  • the existing external on-load tap-changer has only a composite on-load tap-changer.
  • the composite on-load tap-changer combines the switching and selection functions, that is, the transition contact, the arc contact, the transition resistor and The main contacts are combined on the movable contact assembly, and the transition and switching actions are completed once by the rotation of the switch spindle.
  • the composite on-load tap-changer, the sub-contact 11, the main contact 12, the transition contact 13 and the transition resistor 15 are combined and mounted on the movable contact plate 14 to form a moving contact.
  • the movable contact assembly completes the combined action of transition and gear shifting once with the rotation of the shaft in the insulation. Due to the structural reasons, the composite on-load tap-changing is often only applicable to the lower-voltage and small-capacity on-load tap-changers, which is not suitable for high-voltage, high-current use requirements.
  • the combined on-load tap-changer sold on the market such as the M-type switch of the German MR company, is used for the oil-immersed transformer to change the transformation ratio under load.
  • the M-type switch is specifically composed of a diverter switch and a tap selector to form a single-column structure.
  • three M-type switches are required for a large-sized transformer, and each of them controls one of the phases, resulting in a large transformer, difficult wiring, and high cost.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems of the existing on-load tap changer and to provide an externally mounted vacuum on-load tap changer.
  • the plug-in combined vacuum on-load tap changer comprises: a box body;
  • One end wall of the box body is provided with a connection terminal connected to an existing transformer coil tap;
  • the outer side of the one end wall is a flange, and is connected to the flange of the transformer through the flange; the tap selector is disposed in parallel with the switch assembly Inside the box;
  • the electric operating mechanism is connected to the transmission device, and drives the tap selector and the switch to complete the tapping and switching operations by the transmission device.
  • the tap selector and the switch assembly are vertically distributed in the casing.
  • the transmission device is disposed in the casing; the power input end of the transmission device is connected to an electric operating mechanism located outside the casing;
  • the transmission device includes a composite sheave mechanism that drives the tap selector to perform a tapping action; and a linear rapid motion mechanism that drives the switchgear assembly to complete switching; and the tap selector a mechanical transmission mechanism associated with the switching switch assembly; the power output end of the mechanical transmission mechanism is coupled to the linear rapid motion mechanism, and the switching switch assembly is fixed by the linear rapid motion mechanism The phase relationship is linked to the tap selector.
  • the switch assembly includes a switch frame having a bottom plate
  • One end of the movable contact bracket is connected with the linear rapid motion mechanism, and is driven by a linear rapid motion mechanism. Now linear motion.
  • the vacuum tube contact assembly includes a driving bump fixed to a side beam of the movable contact bracket; a U-shaped bracket fixed to the bottom plate;
  • a vacuum tube transition contact mounted at one end of the L-shaped lever swing arm.
  • the invention further includes a worm gear box disposed outside the casing and a progressive gear clock face indicating device disposed in the worm gear box, wherein the power input end of the worm gear box is connected to the electric operating mechanism, Receiving power; the power output end of the worm gear box is connected to the transmission.
  • the tap selector is a cage structure, and the static contacts of the tap selector are disposed on a curved plate distributed circumferentially on the cage structure; the movable contact of the tap selector On the pivotable insulating central shaft; the composite sheave mechanism in the transmission is mounted at the end of the tap selector; under the driving of the composite sheave mechanism, The moving contact of the tap selector selects different tap contact connections of the tap selector to complete the selection operation.
  • the terminal blocks are arranged in accordance with the ⁇ connection method.
  • the invention can realize the Y connection method of the circuit, and can also realize the connection method of the circuit.
  • the above-mentioned tap selector is arranged in parallel with the switch assembly, which can greatly increase the lateral insulation distance between the phases of the switch, and realize the design requirements of the switch for high voltage and high current.
  • the external on-load tap-changer can be adapted to the transformer connection method, so that the traditional three-phase on-load tapping can be used to perform the function of the splicing method, and only one external vacuum of the invention is used.
  • the transformer tapping method can be realized by the on-load tap-changer.
  • the vacuum tube is used to replace the arc contact in the conventional switch, which improves the breaking ability of the switch, avoids the pollution of the switch oil by the arc, and prolongs the maintenance cycle.
  • the switch oil compartment and the transformer fuel tank are separately separated, and if there is a problem with the switch, the transformer oil will not be contaminated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional composite movable contact.
  • 2 is an internal structural view of the external combined vacuum on-load tap changer according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the progressive gear clock face indicating device according to the present invention in one direction.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the other direction of the structure of the progressive gear clock face indicating device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the structure of the tap selector according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the switch of the external combined vacuum on-load tap changer of the present invention.
  • I is the single-side main contact
  • II is the double-side main contact
  • the main-pass contact (vacuum tube)
  • V 2 is the transition contact (vacuum tube)
  • A is the transition contact
  • R For resistance.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the structure of the composite sheave mechanism according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the composite sheave mechanism according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the linear rapid motion mechanism and the switch assembly according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the movable contact bracket and the linear rapid motion mechanism for mounting the movable contact of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the combined state of the movable and static contacts of the changeover switch assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of a vacuum tube contact assembly of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the linear rapid motion mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a side view of Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of the movement of the linear rapid motion mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of a moving slide of the linear rapid motion mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a passive slider of the linear rapid motion mechanism of the present invention. '
  • Figure 18 is an external structural view of the external combined vacuum on-load tap-changer of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a side view of Figure 18. detailed description
  • the external combined vacuum on-load tap changer of the present invention comprises a box 200 having a flange 210 on one side of the box 200 for flanges on the transformer. (not shown in the figure) is connected to the outside of the transformer tank to form an external combined vacuum on-load tap-changer.
  • a worm gear box 300 is disposed on the other side wall of the casing 200.
  • the worm gear box 300 includes a 'worm gear box body welded to the side of the box body 200 and a transparent worm wheel fixed to the worm wheel housing by a plurality of fastening bolts. Cover 310.
  • a stepped clock face indicating device 400 is provided in the worm gear housing.
  • the step gear face indicator device 400 includes a face indicator dial 410, a clock face pointer, and a clock face pointer shaft 430.
  • the shaft sleeve 440, the driven dial 450, the sheave 460, the driving dial 470, the dial shaft 480, the worm wheel 490, the worm 490A, and the worm 490A is keyed on the power input shaft 320 of the worm gear box 300 (refer to the drawing) 2)
  • the power input shaft 320 is coupled to an electric operating mechanism (not shown) to realize power input.
  • the worm wheel 490 is disposed at one end of the dial shaft 480, and the active dial 470 is disposed at the other end of the dial shaft 480.
  • the worm wheel 490 meshes with the worm 490A, and the worm 490A drives the worm wheel 490 to rotate, and the active dial 470 and the worm wheel 490 rotates synchronously.
  • a driving pin 471 is provided on the inner side surface of the active dial 470, and a coupling cam 472 is disposed on the outer side surface.
  • the active dial 470 outputs two powers through the driving pin 471 and the coupling protrusion 472 respectively, one power is rotated by the driving pin 460 of the driving pin 471 and the engaging wheel 460, and the other power is driven by the coupling protrusion 472.
  • the compound sheave mechanism 520 operates.
  • the sheave shaft of the sheave 460 is disposed in the worm gear box 300, and the shaft sleeve 440 is also axially disposed in the worm gear box 300.
  • the clock face rotating shaft 430 passes through the rotating shaft sleeve 440, and the clock face indicating plate 410 is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating shaft bushing 440 on the transparent worm gear cover 310, so that the clock face pointer 420 can be observed through the transparent worm gear cover 310.
  • the change on the clock face dial 410 (see Figure 18).
  • the driven dial 450 is keyed and fixed to one end of the clock face pointer shaft 430, and the clock face pointer is fixed to the other end of the clock face pointer shaft 430, so that the driven dial 450 can drive the clock face pointer through the clock face pointer shaft 430.
  • the 420 is synchronously rotated on the clock face dial 410 to correctly reflect the position of the tap changer (see Fig. 18).
  • a driven cylindrical pin engageable with the sheave 460 is disposed on the outer side of the driven dial 450, and the sheave 460 is intermittently rotated by the driven cylindrical pin to move the driven dial 450.
  • the tap selector 600 and the diverter switch assembly 700 are horizontally mounted in the cabinet 200, and the tap selector 600 and the diverter switch assembly 700 are both parallel and tapped on the loader 600, and the switch sub-assembly is under .
  • the tap selector 600 is a cage-type structure
  • the stationary contacts 620 are disposed on a curved plate 610 circumferentially distributed on the cage structure
  • the movable contacts are disposed on the rotatable insulating central shaft 630.
  • Upper see Figure 2.
  • the tap selector 600 is further provided with a single side main contact 640 and a double side main contact 650 and a main on/off contact 660, wherein the single side main contact 640 is a three-phase contact, both of which are The cloth is mounted on a curved plate 641; likewise, the double-sided side main contacts 650 are also three-phase contacts, and are evenly mounted on a curved plate 651. Both ends of the curved plates 641 and 651 are fixed to the both end plates 670 of the tap selector 600.
  • the main through-break contact 660 is a three-phase contact, and is evenly mounted on the main on-off contact shaft 661, and rotates synchronously with the main on-off contact shaft 661, respectively, with the singular side main contact 640 or the double side main touch Head 650 Contact; Both ends of the main-interrupt contact shaft 661 are mounted on the both end plates 670 of the tap selector 600 through bearings.
  • the singular side main contact 640 and the double side main contact 650 are respectively connected to the corresponding set of static contacts 620 to realize the switching action of FIG.
  • the tap state of the tap selector 600 can be doubled on the original basis by the singular side main contact 640 and the double side main contact 650.
  • the compound sheave mechanism 520 in the transmission is mounted at the end of the tap selector 600.
  • the composite sheave mechanism 520 includes a dial member mounting bracket 521, a composite dial member 522, a composite dial member mounting shaft 523, a first sheave 524, a second sheave 525, and a third
  • the sheave 526, the dial member mounting bracket 521 is mounted on the end plate 670 of one side of the tap selector 600 by a fastener, and both ends of the compound dial member mounting shaft 523 are mounted on the dial member mounting bracket through the bearing housing. 521 and end plate 670.
  • the composite dial member 522 is provided on the composite dial member mounting shaft 523 and rotates with the compound dial member mounting shaft 523.
  • a coupling lug 523A is also disposed at one end of the compound dial member mounting shaft 523.
  • the coupling lug 523A is coupled to a coupling lug (not shown) at the end of the propeller shaft 510, and the other end of the propeller shaft 510 is coupled.
  • a coupling lug (not shown) engages with the coupling lug 472 on the active dial 470 to receive power from the coupling lug.
  • the composite dial member 522 is driven by the compound dial member mounting shaft 523. Rotate synchronously.
  • the composite dial member 522 has a first dial member 522A for driving the first sheave 524 to intermittently rotate, a second dial member 522B for driving the second sheave 525, and a third dial member 522C for driving the third sheave 526. a first outer locking arc 522D for locking the first sheave 524 and a second outer locking arc 522E for locking the second sheave 525, wherein the first dial member 522A, the second dial The groove member 522B, the third eccentric groove member 522C, and the first outer locking arc 522D and the second outer locking arc 522E are coaxially disposed on the composite dial member 522 and the center of rotation is concentric.
  • the insulating central shaft 630 of the tap selector 600 is supported on the end plate 670 by a bearing block 680 which is fixedly mounted to the end plate 670 by fasteners.
  • the first sheave 524 and the second sheave 525 are coaxially disposed on the insulating central shaft 630, and the insulating central shaft 630 can be rotated by the first sheave 524 and the second sheave 525.
  • a plurality of dials 524A, 525A are disposed on the first sheave 524 and the second sheave 525.
  • the first sheave 524 and the second sheave 525 are opposite to the dials 524A, 525A, one facing downward, one facing on.
  • a first inner locking arc 524B is disposed between the two grooves 524A
  • a second inner locking arc 525B is disposed between the two grooves 525A.
  • the third sheave 526 has only one dial 526A.
  • the third sheave 526 is fixedly mounted on the main through-contact rotating shaft 661 to drive the main through-off contact shaft 661 to rotate.
  • the first dial member 522A and the second dial member 522B respectively rotate the first sheave 524 and the second sheave 525 in a progressive manner.
  • the first dial member 522A toggles the first sheave 524 to rotate
  • the second outer lock The arc 522E and the second inner lock arch 525B are engaged with each other to lock the second sheave 525.
  • the second dial member 522B is rotated by the second sheave 525, the first outer lock arch 522D and the first inner lock arch 525B are engaged with each other to lock the first sheave 525.
  • the third sheave 522 is turned by the third dial member 522C to rotate a gear position, and then the main through-off contact shaft 661 is rotated, with the main The main through-off contact 660 of the synchronously rotating contact shaft 661 is in contact with the single-numbered side main contact 640 or the even-numbered side main contact 650 for switching.
  • the linear rapid motion mechanism 800 in the transmission is mounted at the end of the diverter switch assembly 700.
  • the mechanical transmission mechanism in the transmission is composed of a sprocket mechanism 540 and a bevel gear mechanism 550, a sprocket
  • the driving sprocket 541 of the mechanism 540 is disposed on the transmission shaft 510.
  • the driven sprocket 542 is coaxially disposed with the active bevel gear 551 of the bevel gear mechanism 550, and the active bevel gear 551 is synchronously rotated, and the driven bevel gear 552 is coupled.
  • the aspect is meshed with the active bevel gear 551, receives the power from the active bevel gear 551 to rotate, and is connected to the power input end of the linear rapid motion mechanism 800 on the other hand.
  • the changeover switch assembly 700 includes a switch frame 710 having a bottom plate 711, a linear guide 720 mounted on both ends of the bottom plate 711, and a slider 730 slidably mounted on the linear guide 720, fixed at both ends
  • the three-phase vacuum tube contact assembly 770 is mounted on the bottom plate 711; the three-phase static contact 760 is spaced apart from the phase-contacting contact 760; one end of the movable contact holder 740 is connected to the linear rapid motion mechanism 800, and the linear rapid motion mechanism 800 Drive to achieve linear motion.
  • each phase vacuum tube contact assembly 770 includes a driving contact block 771, a U-shaped bracket 772, an L-shaped lever swing arm 773, a bumper 774, a vacuum tube transition contact 775, and a return spring 776.
  • the driving contact block 771 is fixed at On the side beam of the movable contact bracket 740, the U-shaped bracket 772 is fixed on the bottom plate 711, the L-shaped lever swing arm 773 is hingedly mounted on the U-shaped bracket 772 through the hinge pin, and the impact wheel 774 is mounted on the L-shaped lever swing arm 773.
  • the vacuum tube transition contact 775 is hingedly mounted to the other end of the L-shaped lever swing arm 773, and the return spring 776 is mounted on the vacuum tube transition contact 775.
  • the linear rapid motion mechanism 800 of the present invention includes a base 810 and a movement 820 disposed in the base 810 and a drive mechanism that drives the movement 820 to operate.
  • the driving mechanism includes a driven sprocket 542 (or gear), an active bevel gear 551, and a driven bevel gear 552.
  • the driven sprocket 540 and the active bevel gear 551 are coaxially disposed on the drive.
  • the drive shaft 834 is mounted on the base 810 through a bearing housing 835.
  • the driven sprocket 542 (or gear) is driven by an external force, and the driving bevel gear 551 is driven to rotate by the driving shaft 834.
  • the active bevel gear 551 and the driven bevel gear 552 form a bevel gear pair. By engaging, the active bevel gear 551 drives the driven umbrella.
  • the movement 820 (enlarged view of the internal parts of the movement as shown in Figure 15) includes an eccentric 821, a pair of hook members 822, two energy storage springs 823 and two guide rods 824; Also included is a movable carriage 825 and a passive carriage 826 and two sliders 827.
  • the base 810 adopts a U-shaped steel structure, and has flanges 811 at both ends thereof.
  • a connecting plate 812 for reinforcing and supporting functions is installed between the two flanges 811.
  • the connecting plate 812 is provided with a shaft hole, and the input shaft 828 passes through.
  • the shaft hole is outside the connecting plate 812.
  • the input shaft 828 serves as a power source for the entire linear rapid motion mechanism 700, such as the driven bevel gear 552 in the driving mechanism, to perform an action in a certain phase sequence.
  • the input shaft 828 can also be connected to other actuators.
  • the two flanges 811 are each provided with a plurality of mounting holes 8111 for mounting the guide bars 824 and a shaft hole 8112 for inserting the output shafts 829.
  • One end of the output shaft 829 is connected to the passive seat of the passive carriage 826, and the other end is connected to the movable contact bracket 740.
  • the passive slide 826 (please refer to FIG. 18) includes a passive seat 8261, and a pair of opposite outer guide slots 8262-1, 8262-2 and 8263-1, 8263-2 are disposed at opposite ends of the passive base 8261.
  • the inner side of the outer guiding slots 8262-1, 8262-2 and 8263-1, 8263-2 are each provided with a semicircular outer guiding slot 8264.
  • the movable sliding seat 825 (please refer to FIG. 16) includes a movable seat body 8250.
  • the movable seat body 8250 is provided with an elongated slot 8251 in the middle thereof, and the two sides of the movable seat body 8250 correspond to the center of the elongated slot 8251.
  • Each of the portions of the movable block 8252 is further provided with a rotating block 8253 (see FIG. 15).
  • the inner side of the movable block 8250 is provided with an inner guiding slot.
  • each of the inner guiding slot seats 8254-1, 8254-2 is provided with a semicircular inner guiding slot 8253; the inner guiding slot 8254- ⁇ 8254-2 is located at the passive sliding seat 826 Outer guide slot
  • the semicircular outer guiding slots 8246 provided on 8262-1, 8262-2 and 8263-1, 8263-2 are symmetrical and concentric.
  • the sliders 827 are respectively disposed above the both ends of the movable body 8250 of the movable slider 825.
  • Both ends of the guiding rod 824 are fixed in the mounting hole 8111 of the base through the semicircular outer guiding slot 8264 and the inner guiding slot 8253 provided by the movable sliding seat 826 and the movable sliding seat 825.
  • This embodiment is provided with two energy storage springs 823, which are respectively sleeved on the respective guide bars 824 and located on the passive slides 826.
  • One half of the end faces of the respective energy storage springs 823 are caught on the outer guide slots 8262-1, 8262-2 and 8263-1 of the passive carriage 826,
  • the outer guiding slot 8246 of the outer guiding slot seats 8262-1, 8262-2 and 8263-1, 8263-2 at both ends of the passive sliding seat 826 and the inner guiding slot 8254-1, 8254 at both ends of the movable sliding block 825
  • the radius of the inner guiding slot 8253 disposed outside the -2 is similar to the radius of the guiding rod 824, respectively, and the outer guiding slots 8262-1, 8262-2 and 8263-1 at both ends of the passive sliding seat 826,
  • the inner guide slots 8254-1, 8254-2 at both ends of the 8263-2 and the movable slide 825 slide on the guide bars.
  • each of the claw plates 8221 is fixed to the outer guide slots 8262-1, 8262-2 and 8263-1, 8263-2 on both sides of the passive slider 826, respectively.
  • the hook member 822 also includes two pairs of jaw brackets 8222, two pairs of sleeves 8223, two pairs of hooks 8224, and two pairs of arms 8225.
  • the claw holder 8222 is mounted on the base 81 and located outside the claw plate 8221; each sleeve 8223 is sleeved on the top of the corresponding claw holder 8222.
  • One end of the rotating arm 8225 and the hook 8224 is fixed on the sleeve 8223; the other end of the rotating arm 8225 can be in contact with the rotating wheel 8253 of the movable sliding seat 825, and is driven by the rotating wheel 8253 to drive the sleeve 8223 to rotate; The other end of the hook 8224 is engaged with or detached from the end of the claw plate 8221 as the sleeve 8223 rotates.
  • each of the claw plates 8221 is inwardly concave and tapered, forming a pointed shape; the other end of the hook 8224 is similar in shape to the inwardly concave taper of the end of the claw plate 8221, and the hook 8224 is in contact with the claw plate 8221.
  • the eccentric 821 is mounted on the input shaft 828 between the two sliders 827 above the movable body 8250 of the movable carriage 825.
  • the input shaft 828 passes through the elongated slot 8251 in the movable base 8250 of the movable carriage 825.
  • the length of the elongated slot 8251 is greater than the stroke of the input shaft 828 to move back and forth.
  • the linear rapid motion mechanism of the present invention further includes at least two damper devices 830 disposed on the flange 811 on both sides of the base 810, respectively.
  • damper devices 830 are provided, and two gussets 811 are provided on both sides of the base 810.
  • the present invention also includes a pair of tension springs 840 disposed between the arms 8225 of the hooks 8224, respectively.
  • the principle of operation of the present invention is: the power driven driven sprocket 552 (or gear) from the mechanical transmission mechanism rotates, and the driving bevel gear 551 is rotated by the driving shaft 834, and the active bevel gear 551 and the driven bevel gear 552 form a bevel gear pair.
  • the active bevel gear 551 drives the driven bevel gear 552 to rotate, and the driven bevel gear 552 drives the eccentric 821 to rotate through the input shaft 828.
  • the rotation of the eccentric 821 pushes the slider 827 to move the movable slide 825, and the movement of the movable slide 825 pushes the end of the energy storage spring 823, and at this time, the passive slide 826 can not move due to the hook 8224 blocking the claw plate 8221, blocking The energy storage spring 823 is terminated, and then the energy storage spring 823 is compressed and stored.
  • the movable sliding seat 825 moves to drive the rotating wheel 8253 to move, the collision force of the rotating wheel 8253 removes the hook 8224 of the corresponding side from the claw plate 8221, and the passive sliding seat 826 is released, under the action of the energy storage spring 823, passively
  • the carriage 826 drives the output shaft 829 to move linearly.
  • the output shaft 829 in turn drives the movable contact holder 740 to move linearly on the linear guide 720 through the slider 730.
  • the driving contact block 710 on the side beam touches the collision wheel 740, and the L-shaped lever swing arm 730 swings around the hinge point of the U-shaped bracket 720 through the collision wheel 740, L
  • the swinging of the lever swing arm 730 drives the vacuum tube transition contact 750 to operate; at the same time, the three-phase moving contact 750 also moves linearly, please refer to FIG. 12, respectively, and the ⁇ phase static contact 760 is connected;
  • the damping device 830 acts to avoid a rigid impact.
  • the movable seat 826 is moved to the new locking position, and the hook 8224, under the action of the tension spring 84, re-blocks the claw plate 8221, and the mechanism is re-locked to prepare for the second movement.
  • the switch power device drives the selector to select the gear position, repeats the above motion, the eccentric wheel 821 continues to rotate, repeats the above action in the reverse direction, the output shaft 829 moves in a straight line in the opposite direction, and the output shaft 829 moves again.
  • the contact holder 740 is linearly moved in the opposite direction on the linear guide 720 by the slider 730.
  • the three-phase moving contact 750 is also in anti-linear motion, and is respectively connected to the three-phase fixed contact 760A to complete an action cycle.
  • the movable contact bracket 740 of the present invention is mounted on the slider 730 fixed on the linear guide 720 at both ends, so that the frictional resistance is small, the motion is reliable, and the service life is long.
  • the operation process of the transmission device and the changeover switch is as follows; the power from the electric operation mechanism is input to the worm gear box 300 through the power input shaft 320, and the worm gear box 300 is decelerated and split into two paths, and the drive shaft 510 drives the composite sheave mechanism 520. Further, the insulating central shaft 630 of the tap selector 600 is rotated, so that the movable contacts select different static contacts 620 to complete the selection of the switch gear position change. At the same time, the transmission shaft 510 passes through the sprocket mechanism 540 and the bevel gear mechanism 550, and the linear contact mechanism 740 is linearly moved by the slider 730 on the linear guide 720 by the linear rapid motion mechanism 800.
  • the driving contact block 761 on the side beam touches the touch wheel 764, and the L-shaped lever swing arm 763 is pivoted around the hinge point of the U-shaped bracket 762 by the bumper 764, L
  • the swinging of the lever swing arm 763 drives the vacuum tube transition contact 765 to complete a pressure regulating operation.
  • the other way passes through the active dial 470, the driving pin 471, the sheave 460, the driven cylindrical pin 451, the driven dial 450, and the clock face rotating shaft 430 in the progressive gear clock face indicating device 400 in the worm gear box 300.
  • the clock face pointer 420 in the progressive gear clock face indicating device 400 indicates the gear position on which the switch is located on the clock face indicating dial 410 (see Figs. 3 and 4).
  • 200 is a box body, a flange connected to the flange of the transformer is 210, and a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the flange 210 for connecting the box 200 to the transformer, the flange 210
  • a terminal 220 for connecting the taps of the transformer windings
  • a box cover 230 is arranged on the upper part of the box body 200, and a device such as a oil pillow and a gas relay can be arranged thereon;
  • a side wall of the box body 200 is provided with a worm gear box 300, and the worm wheel box 300 is provided.
  • the outer side surface is provided with a clock face indicator dial 410, which is a clock face pointer.
  • Fig. 19 is a view taken along line A of Fig. 18, which is divided into three-phase terminal blocks 220, which can be adapted to the delta connection of the transformer.
  • 440 is the switch oil drain hole.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

一种外挂组合式真空有载分接开关
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种有载分接开关， 具体来说涉及一种与变压器配套使用的外挂组合式真空 有载分接幵关。
技术背景：
有载分接开关是在变压器带电即有负荷的情况下， 通过改变分接变压器绕组的不同抽 头， 来改变变压器初次级匝数比， 从而达到改变变压器输出电压的目的。
在传统技术中， 组合式有载分接开关通常包括一个切换开关和一个分接选择器。 通常来 说， 切换开关在上， 而分接选择器在下， 两者同轴设置， 中间由机械连接。 该组合式有载分 接幵关从变压器的上盖法兰孔整体置入变压器油箱内。 '
该组合式有载分接开关通常为一圆筒形构件， 密封在自己单独的圆桶形油室内； 而分接 选择器通常为一笼式结构， 其上有若干接线端子， 用以与变压器线圈抽头对应连接， 直接浸 没于变压器油箱中的绝缘介质中。
这种结构存在以下缺点：
( 1 )变压器需预留开关位置， 使得变压器体积增大。
(2)开关故障修理及例行检修较麻烦；检修时变压器需整体放油和吊罩，检修成本较高， 时间较长。
, (3 )切换幵关油室如有渗漏或损坏， 会污染变压器， 造成较大损失及事故隐患。
现有外挂式有载分接开关只有复合式有载分接开关， 这种复合式有载分接开关是把切换 与选择功能合一， 也就是把过渡触头、 弧触头、 过渡电阻及主触头都复合在动触头组件上， 通过开关主轴的转动， 一次完成过渡与切换的动作。
如图 1所示的复合式有载分接幵关， 其副触头 11、 主触头 12、 过渡触头 13及过渡电阻 15均组合安装于动触头支板 14上， 组成动触头组件。 这种动触头组件随着绝缘中轴的转动， 一次完成过渡与档位切换的复合动作。 由于结构的原因， 复合式有载分接幵关往往只适用于 较低电压小容量的有载分接开关， 不适于高电压， 大电流的使用要求。
另现有市场上所销售的组合式有载分接开关， 如德国 MR公司的 M型开关， 该 M型开 关用于油浸式变压器在负载下改变变压比。这种 M型开关具体由切换开关和分接选择器组成， 制成单柱结构。 但由于其只有 Y型连接方式， 对于大型厶接的变压器需选择 3台 M型开关， 每.台控制其中的 1相， 造成变压器体积很大， 布线困难， 成本提高。 发明内容：
本发明的目的旨在克服现有有载分接开关存在的上述技术问题，而提供一种外挂组合式真 空有载分接开关。
实现本发明目的所采用的技术方案是： 该外挂组合式真空有载分接开关包括- 一箱体；
一分接选择器；
一切换开关组件； 及
. 一传动装置， 和
一电动操作机构；
所述的箱体的一侧端壁上设有与现有变压器线圈抽头连接的接线端子；
所述的该一侧端壁外侧边为法兰盘， 通过所述的法兰盘与变压器的法兰盘相连接； 所述的分接选择器与所述的切换开关组件平行设置于所述的箱体内；
所述的电动操作机构与所述的传动装置连接， 并通过所述的传动装置带动分接选择器和 切换开关完成分接与切换动作。
在本发明中， 所述的分接选择器与所述的切换开关组件在所述箱体内呈上下分布。 所述的传动装置设置于所述的箱体内； 所述的传动装置的动力输入端与位于所述的箱体 外.的电动操作机构连接；
所述的传动装置包括驱动所述的分接选择器进行分接动作的复合槽轮机构； 和 驱动所述的切换开关组件完成切换的直线快速运动机构； 及 · 将所述的分接选择器与所述的切换开关组件联系的机械传动机构； 所述的机械传动机构 的动力输出端与所述的直线快速运动机构连接， 通过所述的直线快速运动机构使所述的切换 开关组件按一定的相位关系与所述的分接选择器联动。
在本发明中， 所述的切换开关组件包括具有一底板的开关架；
安装在所述的底板两端的直线导轨；
滑动安装在所述的直线导轨上的滑块；
- 两端固定在所述的两滑块上的动触头支架；
安装在所述的动触头支架上的若干动触头， 和
安装在所述的底板上的若干组真空管触头组件；
所述的动触头支架的一端与所述的直线快速运动机构连接， 由直线快速运动机构带动实 现直线运动。
在本发明中，所述的真空管触头组件包括固定在所述的动触头支架的侧梁上的驱动碰块； 固定在所述的底板上的 U形支架；
通过铰销铰接安装在所述的 U形支架上的 L形杠杆摆臂；
. 安装在所述的 L形杠杆摆臂一端的碰轮；
安装在所述的 L形杠杆摆臂一端的真空管过渡触头。
本发明还包括一设置在所述的箱体外的蜗轮箱以及设置在蜗轮箱内的级进档位钟面指示 装置， 所述的蜗轮箱的动力输入端与所述的电动操作机构连接， 接受动力； 所述的蜗轮箱的 动力输出端与所述的传动装置连接。
所述的分接选择器为一笼型结构，所述分接选择器的静触头设置于在笼型结构上圆周分布 的弧形板上； 所述的分接选择器的动触头设于可回转的绝缘中心轴上； 所述的传动装置中的 所述的复合槽轮机构安装在所述的分接选择器的端部； 在所述的复合槽轮机构的带动下， 使 所述的分接选择器的动触头选择所述的分接选择器不同的静触头连接， 完成选择操作。
.所述的接线端子按照△接法布置。 使本发明即可实现电路的 Y接法， 也可实现电路的 接法。
由于本发明采用了以上的技术方案， 与现有技术相比， 具有如下的显著优点：
1 )采用上述分接选择器与切换开关组件平行布置，可大大增加切换开关各相位之间的横 向绝缘距离， 实现切换开关对高电压、 大电流的设计要求。 同时外挂式有载分接开关可适配 于变压器^接法， 使传统的需三台单相有载分接幵关才能进行厶接法布置的功能， 仅利用本 发明一台外挂式真空有载分接开关就能实现变压器厶接法。
2)整个组合式真空有载分接开关外挂于变压器外， 从而减小了变压器的体积， 简化绕组 布线， 降低成本。 同时也方便了切换开关的检修， 尤其是检修时无需变压器放油和吊罩。
- 3)采用真空管代替常规开关中的弧触头， 提高了切换开关的开断能力，避免电弧对开关 油的污染， 延长了维修周期。
4)釆用本发明后， 开关油室与变压器油箱是各自独立分开的， 如开关出现问题， 不会污 染变压器油。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式来详细说明本发明：
图 1为现有复合式动触头结构示意图。 图 2为本发明所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关的内部结构图。
■图 3为本发明所述的级进档位钟面指示装置的结构一个方向的立体示意图。
图 4为本发明所述的级进档位钟面指示装置的结构另一个方向的立体示意图。
图 5为本发明所述的分接选择器的结构立体示意图。
图 6为本发明的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关的切换开关工作原理示意图。
图 6中： I为单数侧主触头， II为双数侧主触头， 为主通断触头（真空管）， V2为过渡 触头 （真空管）， A、 B为过渡触头， R为电阻。
图 7为本发明所述的复合槽轮机构的立体结构示意图。
图 8为本发明所述的复合槽轮机构的立体结构爆炸示意图。
图 9为本发明所述的直线快速运动机构与切换开关组件的组装示意图。
•图 10为本发明安装动触头的动触头支架与直线快速运动机构连接结构示意图。
图 11为本发明的切换开关组件的动、 静触头结合状态示意图。
图 12为本发明的真空管触头组件结构示意图。
图 13为本发明的直线快速运动机构结构示意图。
图 14为图 13的 A方 视图。
图 15为本发明的直线快速运动机构的机芯结构示意图。
图 16为本发明的直线快速运动机构的动滑座的结构示意图。
图 17为本发明的直线快速运动机构的被动滑座的结构示意图。 '
图 18为本发明外挂组合式真空有载分接开关的外部结构图。
'图 19为图 18的 Α向视图。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解， 下面结合具 体图示， 近一步阐述本发明。
请参阅图 2，本发明的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关包括一个箱体 200，在箱体 200的一 侧面具有一法兰盘 210， 该法兰盘 210用于和变压器上的法兰 （图中未示出） 相对接， 外挂 于变压器油箱之外， 形成外挂组合式真空有载分接开关。
在箱体 200的另一侧壁设置一蜗轮箱 300， 该蜗轮箱 300包含一焊接在箱体 200侧面上 的'蜗轮箱体和通过许多的紧固螺栓固定安装在蜗轮箱体上的透明蜗轮箱盖 310。 参看图 3和图 4，在蜗轮箱体内设置有级进档位钟面指示装置 400， 该级进档位钟面指示 装置 400包括一钟面指示盘 410、钟面指针、钟面指针转轴 430、转轴轴套 440、从动拨盘 450、 槽轮 460、 主动拨盘 470、 拨盘轴 480、 蜗轮 490、 蜗杆 490A， 蜗杆 490A键设于蜗轮箱 300 的动力输入轴 320上（结合参见图 2)， 动力输入轴 320与电动操作机构（图中未示出）联接， 实现动力输入。 蜗轮 490键设于拨盘轴 480的一端， 而主动拨盘 470键设在拨盘轴 480的另 一端， 蜗轮 490与蜗杆 490A啮合， 由蜗杆 490A带动蜗轮 490转动， 而主动拨盘 470与蜗轮 490同步转动。
' 在主动拨盘 470的内侧面上设置有主动圆柱销 471，外侧面上设置有联轴凸块 472。主动 拨盘 470分别通过主动圆柱销 471和联轴凸块 472输出两路动力， 一路动力通过主动圆柱销 471与槽轮 460的啮合驱动槽轮 460转动， 另一路动力通过联轴凸块 472驱动复合槽轮机构 520动作。
槽轮 460的槽轮轴设于蜗轮箱 300内， 转轴轴套 440也轴设于蜗轮箱 300内。 钟面指针 转轴 430穿过转轴轴套 440， 钟面指针指示盘 410固定安装在转轴轴套 440位于透明蜗轮箱 盖 310的一端上， 这样可以透过透明蜗轮箱盖 310观察到钟面指针 420在钟面指示盘 410上 的变化 （参见图 18)。
从动拨盘 450键设并固定于钟面指针转轴 430的一端，钟面指针固定在钟面指针转轴 430 的另一端， 这样从动拨盘 450就可以通过钟面指针转轴 430带动钟面指针 420在钟面指示盘 410上作同步转动， 正确地反映出分接开关的位置 （参见图 18)。
在从动拨盘 450的外侧面设置有一能与槽轮 460啮合的从动圆柱销， 槽轮 460通过该从 动圆柱销拨动从动拨盘 450间歇转动。
参看图 2， 在箱体 200内水平安装分接选择器 600和切换开关组件 700， 分接选择器 600 和切换开关组件 700两者平行且分接选载器 600在上， 切换幵关组件在下。
参看图 2和图 5， 分接选择器 600为一笼型结构， 静触头 620设置于在笼型结构上圆周 分布的弧形板 610上， 动触头设于可回转的绝缘中心轴 630上 （参见图 2)。
参见图 5， 在分接选择器 600上还设置有单数侧主触头 640和双数侧主触头 650以及主通 断触头 660， 其中单数侧主触头 640为三相触头， 均布安装在一块弧形板 641上； 同样双数 侧主触头 650也为三相触头， 均布安装在一块弧形板 651上。 弧形板 641和 651的两端固定 在分接选择器 600的两端板 670上。 主通断触头 660为三相触头， 均布安装在主通断触头转 轴 661上， 随主通断触头转轴 661同步转动， 分别与单数侧主触头 640或双数侧主触头 650 接触； 主通断触头转轴 661的两端通过轴承安装在分接选择器 600的两端板 670上。 单数侧 主触头 640和双数侧主触头 650分别与相应的一组静触头 620连接，实现如图 6的切换动作。 通过单数侧主触头 640和双数侧主触头 650可以使分接选择器 600的分接状态在原来的基础 上增加一倍。
参见图 2和图 5， 传动装置中的复合槽轮机构 520安装在分接选择器 600的端部。
参见图 7、 图 8， 该复合槽轮机构 520包括一拨槽件安装支架 521、 复合拨槽件 522、 复 合拨槽件安装轴 523、 第一槽轮 524、 第二槽轮 525、 第三槽轮 526， 拨槽件安装支架 521通 过紧固件安装在分接选择器 600的一侧的端板 670上， 复合拨槽件安装轴 523的两端通过轴 承座安装在拨槽件安装支架 521和端板 670上。复合拨槽件 522键设于复合拨槽件安装轴 523 上并随复合拨槽件安装轴 523—起转动。 在复合拨槽件安装轴 523的一端也设置有联轴凸块 523A, 该联轴凸块 523A与传动轴 510—端的联轴凸块（图中未示出） 联接， 传动轴 510另 一端的联轴凸块（图中未示出）与主动拨盘 470上的联轴凸块 472相啮合， 接受来自联轴凸 块.的动力， 通过复合拨槽件安装轴 523带动复合拨槽件 522同步转动。
复合拨槽件 522具有驱动第一槽轮 524间歇转动的第一拨槽件 522A、 驱动第二槽轮 525 的第二拨槽件 522B、 驱动第三槽轮 526的第三拨槽件件 522C、 对第一槽轮 524起锁止作用 的第一外锁止弧 522D、 对第二槽轮 525起锁止作用的第二外锁止弧 522E， 其中第一拨槽件 522A、 第二拨槽件 522B、 第三偏心拨槽件 522C上以及第一外锁止弧 522D、 第二外锁止弧 522E同轴设置于复合拨槽件 522上且旋转的圆心同心。
分接选择器 600中的绝缘中心轴 630通过轴承座 680支承在端板 670上， 轴承座 680通 过紧固件固定安装在端板 670上。 第一槽轮 524和第二槽轮 525同轴键设于绝缘中心轴 630 上， 通过拨动第一槽轮 524和第二槽轮 525即可带动绝缘中心轴 630转动。
. 在第一槽轮 524和第二槽轮 525上均设置有若干拨槽 524A、 525A, 第一槽轮 524和第 二槽轮 525上的拨槽 524A、 525A相对， 一个朝下， 一个朝上。 在第一槽轮 524和第二槽轮 525上，两拨槽 524A之间设置有第一内锁止弧 524B,两拨槽 525A之间设置有第二内锁止弧 525B。
第三槽轮 526只有一个拨槽 526A, 该第三槽轮 526固定安装在主通断触头转轴 661上， 带动主通断触头转轴 661转动。
当复合拨槽件 522转动时， 第一拨槽件 522A和第二拨槽件 522B以级进方式分别拨动第 一槽轮 524和第二槽轮 525转动。 在第一拨槽件 522A拨动第一槽轮 524转动时， 第二外锁 止弧 522E与第二内锁止弧 525B相互咬合， 锁止第二槽轮 525。 而在第二拨槽件 522B拨动 第二槽轮 525转动时，第一外锁止弧 522D与第一内锁止弧 525B相互咬合，锁止第一槽轮 525。 当第一槽轮 524或第二槽轮 525转动一圈后， 将通过第三拨槽件 522C拨动第三槽轮 526转 动一个档位后， 带动主通断触头转轴 661转动， 随主通断触头转轴 661同步转动的主通断触 头 660， 与单数侧主触头 640或双数侧主触头 650接触实现切换。
参见图 2、 图 9、 图 11， 传动装置中的直线快速运动机构 800安装在切换开关组件 700 的端部， 传动装置中的机械传动机构由链轮机构 540和伞齿轮机构 550构成， 链轮机构 540 中的主动链轮 541键设在传动轴 510上，从动链轮 542与伞齿轮机构 550中的主动伞齿轮 551 同轴设置， 带动主动伞齿轮 551同步转动， 从动伞齿轮 552—方面与主动伞齿轮 551啮合， 接受来自主动伞齿轮 551的动力而转动， 另一方面与直线快速运动机构 800的动力输入端连 接，
请参阅图 9、 图 10、 图 11， 切换开关组件 700包括具有一底板 711的开关架 710, 安装 在底板 711两端的直线导轨 720，滑动安装在直线导轨 720上的滑块 730，两端固定在两滑块 730上的动触头支架 740， 安装在动触头支架 740上的三相动触头 750、 安装在开关架 710上 的三相静触头 760、 三相定触头 760A和安装在底板 711上的三相真空管触头组件 770; 三相 静触头 760与 相定触头 760Α间隔排列； 动触头支架 740的一端与直线快速运动机构 800 连接， 由直线快速运动机构 800带动实现直线运动。
参见图 12， 每一相真空管触头组件 770包括驱动碰块 771、 U形支架 772、 L形杠杆摆臂 773, 碰轮 774、 真空管过渡触头 775、 复位弹簧 776， 驱动碰块 771固定在动触头支架 740 的侧梁上， U形支架 772固定在底板 711上， L形杠杆摆臂 773通过铰销铰接安装在 U形支 架 772上， 碰轮 774安装在 L形杠杆摆臂 773—端， 真空管过渡触头 775铰链安装在 L形杠 杆摆臂 773另一端， 复位弹簧 776安装在真空管过渡触头 775上。
参见图 13。本发明的直线快速运动机构 800，包括底座 810和设在底座 810内的机芯 820 以及驱动机芯 820动作的驱动机构。
参见图 9、 图 10和图 11， 该驱动机构包括从动链轮 542 (或齿轮)、 主动伞齿轮 551、 从动伞齿轮 552，从动链轮 540与主动伞齿轮 551同轴设置于驱动轴 834的两端，驱动轴 834 通过一轴承座 835安装在底座 810上。从动链轮 542 (或齿轮）靠外力驱动， 通过驱动轴 834 带动主动伞齿轮 551转动， 主动伞齿轮 551与从动伞齿轮 552构成伞齿轮副， 通过啮合， 主 动伞齿轮 551带动从动伞齿轮 552转动， 而从动伞齿轮 552与输入轴连接驱动偏心轮转动。 参阅图 13至图 17，机芯 820 (机芯内部零件的放大图如图 15所示）包括一偏心轮 821、 一对卡钩部件 822、两个储能弹簧 823以及两个导向杆 824;还包括一动滑座 825和一被动滑 座 826以及两滑块 827。
底座 810采用 U型钢结构， 其两端设有翻边 811， 两翻边 811之间安装有用于起加强和 支承作用的连接板 812， 该连接板 812上设有轴孔， 输入轴 828穿过该轴孔到连接板 812外， 该输入轴 828作为整个直线快速运动机构 700的动力来源，如驱动机构中的从动伞齿轮 552， 以按一定的相序执行动作。 当然， 该输入轴 828还可以连接有其它执行机构。
两翻边 811上各设有若干用于安装导向杆 824的安装孔 8111和一用于穿设输出轴 829的 轴孔 8112。 输出轴 829的一端与被动滑座 826的被动座体连接， 另一端与动触头支架 740连 接。
被动滑座 826 (请配合参见图 18所示）包括被动座体 8261， 被动座体 8261两端各设有 一对相向的外导向槽座 8262-1、 8262-2和 8263-1、 8263-2,外导向槽座 8262-1、 8262-2和 8263-1、 8263-2的内侧各设有一半圆的外导向槽口 8264。
动滑座 825 (请配合参见图 16所示）包括动座体 8250, 动座体 8250中部设有一长形槽 孔 8251， 在该动座体 8250的两侧对应于长形槽孔 8251 中央的部位各向外延伸设有一撞块 82.52,本实施例中该撞块 8252的端部底面还连接设有一转轮 8253 (参见图 15 );动座体 8250 的两端各设有一内导向槽座 8254-1、 8254-2, 各内导向槽座 8254-1、 8254-2的两外侧各设有 一半圆的内导向槽口 8253； '内导向槽座 8254-μ 8254-2位于被动滑座 826 的外导向槽座
8262- 1、 8262-2和 8263-1、 8263-2内， 该内导向槽座 8254-1、 8254-2上所设的半圆的内导向 槽口 8253与被动滑座 826的外导向槽座 8262-1、 8262-2和 8263-1、 8263-2上所设的半圆的 外导向槽口 8264相对称、同圆心。滑块 827分别设在动滑座 825的动座体 8250的两端上方。
导向杆 824的两端穿过被动滑座 826和动滑座 825所设的半圆的外导向槽口 8264、内导 向槽口 8253而固定设在底座的安装孔 8111内。
本实施例设有两个储能弹簧 823， 分别套设在各自的导向杆 824上， 位于被动滑座 826 上.。各储能弹簧 823的端面的一半卡在被动滑座 826的外导向槽座 8262-1、 8262-2和 8263-1、
8263- 2之间， 另一半卡在动滑座 825的内导向槽座 8254-1、 8254-2之间。
被动滑座 826两端的外导向槽座 8262-1、 8262-2和 8263-1、 8263-2的内侧设置的外导 向槽口 8264与动滑座 825两端的内导向槽座 8254-1、 8254-2外侧设置的内导向槽口 8253的 半径分别与导向杆 824的半径相似，被动滑座 826两端的外导向槽座 8262-1、 8262-2和 8263-1、 8263-2和动滑座 825两端的内导向槽座 8254-1、 8254-2在导向杆上滑行。
参见图 15， 各爪板 8221分别固设在被动滑座 826两侧的外导向槽座 8262-1、 8262-2和 8263-1、 8263-2外。卡钩部件 822还包括两对爪卡支架 8222、两对轴套 8223、两对卡钩 8224 和两对转臂 8225。爪卡支架 8222安装在底座 81上而位于爪板 8221外侧；各轴套 8223套设 在各自对应的爪卡支架 8222顶部。 转臂 8225和卡钩 8224的一端固定在轴套 8223上； 转臂 8225的另一端可与动滑座 825上转轮 8253的接触， 并受转轮 8253的撞击而带动轴套 8223 转动； 卡钩 8224的另一端随轴套 8223的转动而与爪板 8221端部形成卡接或脱卸。 各爪板 8221的端部为向内凹的锥形， 形成尖劈状； 卡钩 8224的另一端的形状与爪板 8221端部向内 凹的锥形相似， 卡钩 8224与爪板 8221接触后形成擒纵关系。
偏心轮 821安装于输入轴 828上， 位于动滑座 825的动座体 8250上方的两滑块 827之 间。 输入轴 828穿越动滑座 825的动座体 8250上的长形槽孔 8251， 该长形槽孔 8251的长度 大于输入轴 828来回移动的行程。
. 本发明的直线快速运动机构还包括至少两个阻尼装置 830， 分别设在底座 810的两侧翻 边 811上。 本实施例设有四个阻尼装置 830， 在底座 810的两侧翻边 811上各设置两个。
本发明还包括一对拉簧 840， 分别设在卡钩 8224的转臂 8225之间。
本发明的动作原理是： 来自机械传动机构的动力驱动从动链轮 552 (或齿轮）转动， 通 过驱动轴 834带动主动伞齿轮 551转动， 主动伞齿轮 551与从动伞齿轮 552构成锥齿轮副， 通过啮合， 主动伞齿轮 551带动从动伞齿轮 552转动， 从动伞齿轮 552又通过输入轴 828带 动偏心轮 821转动。 偏心轮 821的转动推动滑块 827使动滑座 825移动， 因动滑座 825的移 动推动储能弹簧 823—端， 而这时被动滑座 826由于卡钩 8224挡住爪板 8221不能移动， 挡 住储能弹簧 823—端，于是储能弹簧 823被压缩储能。当动滑座 825移动带动转轮 8253移动， 其.转轮 8253的撞力将相应一侧的卡钩 8224从爪板 8221移开，被动滑座 826释放，在储能弹 簧 823作用下， 被动滑座 826带动输出轴 829快速直线移动。
输出轴 829又带动动触头支架 740通过滑块 730在直线导轨 720上直线运动。动触头支 架 740在直线运动的过程中， 其侧梁上的驱动碰块 710触碰碰轮 740， 通过碰轮 740使 L形 杠杆摆臂 730绕其与 U形支架 720铰接点摆动， L形杠杆摆臂 730的摆动， 带动真空管过渡 触头 750动作； 同时， 使三相动触头 750也直线运动， 请参阅图 12， 分别与 ^相静触头 760 接通； 完成一次切换动作。
动触头支架 740接近终了时， 阻尼装置 830起作用， 避免了刚性撞击。 动作完毕后， 被 动滑座 826移到新的锁定位置， 卡钩 8224在拉簧 84的作用下， 又重新挡住爪板 8221， 机构 又被重新锁住， 为第二次动作做好准备。
当变压器需要档位变换时， 开关动力装置带动选择器选好档位， 重复上述运动， 偏心轮 821继续转动， 反方向重复上述动作， 输出轴 829反方向快速直线移动， 输出轴 829又带动 动触头支架 740通过滑块 730在直线导轨 720上反方向直线运动。 动触头支架 740在反方向 直线运动的过程中， 使三相动触头 750也反相直线运动， 分别与三相定触头 760A接通， 完 成一个动作循环。
本发明动触头支架 740两端安装固定在直线导轨 720上的滑块 730上， 使摩擦阻力小， 运动可靠， 寿命长。
-传动装置及切换开关的动作过程如下；来自电动操作机构的动力，通过动力输入轴 320输 入至蜗轮箱 300， 蜗轮箱 300减速后分两路， 一路经传动轴 510带动复合槽轮机构 520， 再进 一步带动分接选择器 600的绝缘中心轴 630转动， 使动触头选择不同的静触头 620连接， 完 成开关档位变换的选择。 同时传动轴 510通过链轮机构 540及伞齿轮机构 550， 通过直线快 速运动机构 800带动动触头支架 740通过滑块 730在直线导轨 720上直线运动。 动触头支架 740在直线运动的过程中，其侧梁上的驱动碰块 761触碰碰轮 764，通过碰轮 764使 L形杠杆 摆臂 763绕其与 U形支架 762铰接点摆动， L形杠杆摆臂 763的摆动， 带动真空管过渡触头 765动作， 完成一次调压动作。 另一路通过蜗轮箱 300内的级进档位钟面指示装置 400中的 主动拨盘 470、 主动圆柱销 471、 槽轮 460、 从动圆柱销 451、 从动拨盘 450、 钟面指针转轴 430使级进档位钟面指示装置 400中的钟面指针 420在钟面指针指示盘 410上指示出开关所 在的档位 （参看图 3和图 4)。
参看图 18， 200为箱体， 与变压器的法兰盘连接的法兰盘为 210， 在法兰盘 210幵有若 干个螺栓孔， 用于将箱体 200连接在变压器上， 法兰盘 210内部具有用于连接变压器绕组抽 头的接线端子 220， 在箱体 200上部有箱盖 230， 其上可布置油枕、 气体继电器等装置； 箱体 200侧壁设有蜗轮箱 300， 蜗轮箱 300的外侧面设有钟面指针指示盘 410， 420为钟面指针。
请参阅图 19, 图 19为图 18的 A向视图， 分三相布置的接线端子 220, 可适配于变压器 的△接法。 440为开关放油孔。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。 本行业的技术人员应 该了解， 本发明不受上述实施例的限制， 上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原 理， 在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下， 本发明还会有各种变化和改进， 这些变化和改进 都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims

权利要求
1. 外挂组合式真空有载分接开关， 包括- 一箱体；
• 一分接选择器；
一切换开关组件， 及
一传动装置， 和 '
一电动操作机构， 其特征在于：
所述的箱体的一侧端壁上设有与现有变压器线圈抽头连接的接线端子；
所述的端壁外侧边为法兰盘， 通过所述的法兰盘与现有变压器的法兰盘相连接； 所述的分接选择器与所述的切换幵关组件平行设置于所述的箱体内；
所述的电动操作机构与所述的传动装置连接， 并通过所述的传动装置带动所述的分接选 择器和所述的切换开关完成分接与切换动作。
'
2.根据权利要求 1所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关， 其特征在于： 所述的分接选择 器与所述的切换开关组件在所述箱体内呈上下分布。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关， 其特征在于- 所述的传动装置设置于所述的箱体内；
所述的传动装置的动力输入端与位于所述的箱体外的电动操作机构连接；
所述的传动装置包括驱动所述的分接选择器进行分接动作的复合槽轮机构， 和 驱动所述的切换开关组件完成切换动作的直线快速运动机构； 及
将所述的分接选择器与所述的切换开关组件联系的机械传动机构； 所述的机械传动机构 的动力输出端与所述的直线快速运动机构连接， 通过所述的直线快速运动机构使所述的切换 开'关组件按一定的相位关系与所述的分接选择器联动。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关， 其特征在于： 还包括一设置在 所述的箱体外的所述的蜗轮箱以及设置在蜗轮箱内的级进档位钟面指示装置； 所述的蜗轮箱 的动力输入端与所述的电动操作机构连接， 接受动力； 所述的蜗轮箱的动力输出端与所述的 传动装置连接。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关， 其特征在于， 所述的级进档位 钟面指示装置包括： 一钟面指示盘， 钟面指针， 钟面指针转轴， 转轴轴套， 从动拨盘， 槽轮， 主动拨盘， 拨盘轴， 蜗轮， 蜗杆； 所述的蜗杆键设于所述的蜗轮箱的动力输入轴上； 所述的 蜗轮键设于拨盘轴的一端； 主动拨盘键设在拨盘轴的另一端， 所述的蜗轮与蜗杆啮合， .实现 动力传递； 所述的主动拨盘与蜗轮同步转动； 在所述的主动拨盘的内侧面上设置有主动圆柱 销， 外侧面上设置有联轴凸块； 所述的主动拨盘分别通过主动圆柱销和联轴凸块输出两路动 力， 一路动力通 ^所述的主动圆柱销与槽轮啮合驱动槽轮转动， 另一路动力通过所述的联轴 凸块驱动复合槽轮机构动作；槽轮的槽轮轴设于蜗轮箱内，所述的转轴轴套也设于蜗轮箱内， 所述的钟面指针转轴穿过转轴轴套， 所述的钟面指针指示盘固定安装在转轴轴套位于透明蜗 轮箱盖的一端上， 以透过透明蜗轮箱盖观察到钟面指针在钟面指示盘上的变化； 所述的从动 拨盘键设并固定于所述的钟面指针转轴的一端， 所述的钟面指针固定在钟面指针转轴的另一 端， 这样从动拨盘就可以通过钟面指针转轴带动钟面指针在钟面指示盘上作同步转动， 正确 地 -反映出分接开关的位置； 在所述的从动拨盘的外侧面设置有一能与所述的槽轮啮合的从动 圆柱销， 所述的槽轮通过该从动圆柱销拨动从动拨盘间歇转动。
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6.根据权利要求 3所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关， 其特征在于： 所述切换开关组 件包括：
具有一底板的开关架；
安装在所述的底板两端的直线导轨；
滑动安装在所述的直线导轨上的滑块；
两端固定在所述的两滑块上的动触头支架；
安装在所述的动触头支架上的三相动触头；
' 安装在所述的开关架上的三相静触头、 三相定触头和安装在所述的底板上的三相真空管 触头组件； 所述的三相静触头与所述的三相定触头间隔排列；
所述的动触头支架的一端与所述的直线快速运动机构连接， 由所述的直线快速运动机构 带动实现直线运动。
7.根据权利要求 6所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接开关， 其特征在于， 所述真空管触头 组件包括：
固定在所述的动触头支架的侧梁上的驱动碰块；
固定在所述的底板上的 U形支架；
铰接安装在所述的 U形支架上的 L形杠杆摆臂；
'安装在所述的 L形杠杆摆臂一端的碰轮；
安装在所述的 L形杠杆摆臂一端的真空管过渡触头； . 安装在所述真空管过渡触头上的复位弹簧。
8. 根据权利要求 1所述的外挂组合式真空有载分接幵关， 其特征在于： 所述的外挂组合 式真空有载分接开关可适配于变压器的△接法。
PCT/CN2008/001753 2008-02-26 2008-10-17 一种外挂组合式真空有载分接开关 WO2009105932A1 (zh)

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