WO2009101709A1 - 工作機械及び加工方法 - Google Patents
工作機械及び加工方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009101709A1 WO2009101709A1 PCT/JP2008/057138 JP2008057138W WO2009101709A1 WO 2009101709 A1 WO2009101709 A1 WO 2009101709A1 JP 2008057138 W JP2008057138 W JP 2008057138W WO 2009101709 A1 WO2009101709 A1 WO 2009101709A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- attachment
- machine tool
- deformation
- damper
- ring
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0032—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine
- B23Q11/0039—Arrangements for preventing or isolating vibrations in parts of the machine by changing the natural frequency of the system or by continuously changing the frequency of the force which causes the vibration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2220/00—Machine tool components
- B23Q2220/006—Spindle heads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/303752—Process
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304312—Milling with means to dampen vibration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/30784—Milling including means to adustably position cutter
- Y10T409/307952—Linear adjustment
- Y10T409/308288—Linear adjustment including gantry-type cutter-carrier
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine tool such as a horizontal boring mill, for example, and more particularly to a machine tool and a machining method having a vibration damping mechanism for suppressing vibration generated in a moving body having a main shaft.
- a column base is supported on a bed so as to be movable along the longitudinal direction of the bed, and a column is installed on the column base along a vertical direction.
- the saddle is supported by the column so as to be movable along the vertical direction, and the ram stock is supported by the saddle so as to be movable along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the column base.
- the main shaft is supported on the ram stock so that the main shaft can be driven and rotated, and a tool can be attached to the tip of the main shaft.
- a predetermined tool is mounted on the tip of the main shaft, while a work piece is held on the side of the table, the main shaft is driven and rotated in this state, the column base is moved horizontally, the saddle is moved vertically, and By moving the ram stock horizontally, a predetermined processing is performed on the workpiece by the tool.
- a machine tool such as a horizontal boring mill has a natural frequency determined by a spring constant and a mass because a ramstock is manufactured by casting. Therefore, when the main shaft rotates, resonance occurs at a specific rotation frequency according to the natural frequency, and when a cutting force is generated by the tool, vibration of the main shaft increases. When the vibration of the main shaft becomes large, the vibration of the tip of the tool mounted on the main shaft becomes large, and the processing accuracy is lowered.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 below to reduce the vibration of the main shaft.
- a concrete structure is appropriately sealed and filled in the square frame of the first saddle, the square frame of the second saddle, or the horizontal guide frame to form a damping structure, a spindle head, or the like.
- High-precision machining is possible by suppressing the vibrations.
- the spindle support structure described in Patent Document 2 the spindle of the machining center is rigidly supported by two bearings on the tip end side where the tool is mounted, and one bearing having a damper portion on the terminal end side. In this way, vibration on the tip end side where the tool is mounted is effectively suppressed.
- the main shaft is rotatably supported on the ram stock, and a tool is attached to the main shaft.
- complicated processing such as multi-face machining and five-axis machining is performed. Since it is unsuitable for complicated machining, a tool is attached to the ramstock via an attachment, and machining of complicated shapes is possible. Therefore, the natural frequency changes depending on the weight of the attachment and the moving position. Then, even if the spindle of the machining center is supported by a bearing having a damper portion as in the spindle support structure described in Patent Document 2 described above, the weight is changed by changing the attachment, or the ram stock moves. If the natural frequency changes due to the change in the position of the attachment, it becomes difficult to suppress the vibration by the damper portion.
- the present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a machine tool and a machining method capable of effectively attenuating the vibration of a tool by changing the natural frequency according to the exchange or movement of the attachment. Objective.
- a machine tool includes a machine tool main body, a movable body supported movably with respect to the machine tool main body, and supported by the movable body so as to be driven to rotate.
- a machine tool having a main shaft and an attachment detachable at a tip of the movable body, the vibration damping portion provided in the movable body, and the elasticity provided between the movable body and the vibration damping portion.
- a vertical moving body is movably supported along the vertical direction with respect to the machine tool main body, and a horizontal moving body is movably supported by the vertical moving body along the horizontal direction.
- the attachment can be attached to and detached from the front end of the horizontal moving body, and the deformation degree adjusting means can be configured such that the deformation means adjusts the elastic body by the deformation means according to the mass of the attachment or the movement position of the attachment by the horizontal moving body. It is characterized by adjusting the degree of deformation.
- a ring-shaped damper is supported as the vibration damping portion through the elastic body inside the horizontal moving body, and as the deformation means inside the horizontal moving body.
- a crushing member that crushes and deforms the elastic body is provided, and the deformation degree adjusting means adjusts the natural frequency of the damper by crushing the elastic body with the crushing member and adjusting the deformation degree. It is a feature.
- vibration detecting means for detecting vibration of the movable body
- the deformation degree adjusting means is controlled by the deforming means according to the detection result of the vibration detecting means. It is characterized by adjusting the degree of deformation.
- a machine tool main body In the processing method according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a machine tool main body, a movable body supported movably with respect to the machine tool main body, a main shaft supported so as to be driven to rotate by the movable body,
- an elastic body is provided between the moving body and the vibration damping section, and the elastic body can be deformed by a deformation means, and the mass of the attachment or the movement of the attachment Processing is performed by a tool attached to the attachment while adjusting the degree of deformation of the elastic body by the deformation means according to the position.
- the deformation degree adjusting means for adjusting the deformation degree of the elastic body by the deforming means according to the moving position is provided, so that the deformation degree adjusting means can change the mass by changing the attachment, or the attachment can move to the position. If the change of the elastic body, the deformation means adjusts the degree of deformation of the elastic body so that the natural frequency of the vibration damping section is synchronized with the moving body, and the vibration is attenuated by the resonance phenomenon of both, effectively attenuating the vibration of the tool. By doing so, machining accuracy can be improved.
- the vertical moving body is movably supported along the vertical direction with respect to the machine tool body
- the horizontal moving body is movably supported by the vertical moving body along the horizontal direction.
- the attachment can be attached to and detached from the tip of the horizontal moving body, and the deformation degree adjusting means adjusts the deformation degree of the elastic body by the deformation means according to the mass of the attachment or the movement position of the attachment by the horizontal moving body.
- the attachment also moves in the same direction.
- the deformation degree adjusting means moves the attachment.
- the ring-shaped damper is supported as the vibration damping portion through the elastic body inside the horizontal moving body, and the elastic body is crushed as deformation means inside the horizontal moving body.
- the deformation degree adjusting means adjusts the natural frequency of the damper by crushing the elastic body by the crushing member and adjusting the degree of deformation, so that the elastic body and the damper are placed inside the horizontal moving body.
- the elastic body is an O-ring that is held so as to contact the damper, and the crushing member crushes the O-ring, the natural frequency of the damper is adjusted.
- the natural frequency of the damper can be adjusted by the configuration, and the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
- an elastic body is provided between the moving body and the vibration damping portion, the elastic body can be deformed by the deforming means, and the deforming means according to the mass of the attachment or the movement position of the attachment.
- the deformation means By adjusting the degree of deformation of the elastic body by using the tool attached to the attachment, machining is performed, so if the mass is changed by replacing the attachment or the attachment moves and its position changes, the deformation means
- the natural frequency of the vibration damping part is synchronized with the moving body, the vibration is attenuated by the resonance phenomenon of both, and the tool vibration is effectively attenuated to improve the machining accuracy. Can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a damper mounting portion in the horizontal boring mill of the first embodiment.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the horizontal boring mill of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the spring constant with respect to the O-ring crushing amount.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the natural frequency of the movable mass system with respect to the O-ring crushing amount.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing compliance with respect to frequency.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating state of the horizontal boring mill of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram in the horizontal boring mill as a machine tool which concerns on Example 4 of this invention.
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the amplitude of vibration with respect to frequency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a damper mounting portion in the horizontal boring mill of the first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the horizontal boring mill of Example 1
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the spring constant with respect to the O-ring crushing amount
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the natural frequency of the movable mass system
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the compliance with respect to the frequency.
- Example 1 will be described by applying a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool.
- the bed 11 installed at a predetermined position has a pair of guide rails 11a formed on the upper surface thereof, and the column base 12 is provided with the guide rails 11a. Is supported so as to be movable along the longitudinal direction of the bed 11.
- the column base 12 has a column (machine tool main body) 13 having a box shape on the upper surface thereof arranged along the vertical direction.
- the column 13 has a pair of guide rails 13a formed on the side surfaces thereof, and a saddle (vertical moving body) 14 is supported by the guide rails 13a so as to be movable along the vertical direction.
- the saddle 14 has a pair of guide rails 14a formed on the side surfaces thereof, and a ram stock (horizontal moving body) 15 is supported by the guide rails 14a so as to be movable along a horizontal direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the column base 12. Has been.
- a main shaft 16 passes through the ram stock 15 along a direction parallel to the moving direction of the ram stock 15 and is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown).
- a drive motor built in the ram stock 15 The drive can be rotated.
- the main shaft 16 protrudes outward from the ram stock 15 so that a tool (not shown) can be attached.
- an attachment 17 can be attached to the tip of the ram stock 15, and a tool (not shown) can be attached to the drive shaft 18 of the attachment 17.
- the attachment 17 is detachable from the ram stock 15 and can be exchanged according to the processing of the workpiece.
- the column base 12, the saddle 14, and the ram stock 15 can be moved by a driving device (not shown).
- a predetermined tool is mounted on the tip of the main shaft 16, while a work piece is held on the side of the bed 11, and in this state, the main shaft 16 is driven to rotate, the column base 12 is moved horizontally, and the saddle 14 is moved. Is moved vertically and the ram stock 15 is moved horizontally, so that a predetermined processing can be performed on the workpiece by the tool.
- the ram stock 15 has a hollow shape, and a damper 21 having a ring shape as a vibration damping portion is supported therein, and between the ram stock 15 and the damper 21.
- An O-ring 22 as an elastic body is provided so as to contact the damper 21.
- the ram stock 15 is provided with a crushing member 23 that crushes and deforms the O-ring 22 as deformation means for deforming the O-ring 22.
- An NC device 24 is provided as a deformation degree adjusting means for adjusting the degree of deformation of the O-ring 22 by the crushing member 23 according to the mass of the attachment 17, that is, the amount of crushing. In this case, the natural frequency of the damper 21 is adjusted by crushing the O-ring 22 with the crushing member 23 and adjusting the degree of deformation.
- a cylinder 32 having a cylindrical shape with a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction is fixed to the inner surface of the housing 31 near the attachment side of the housing 31.
- a crushing member 23 having a piston shape is supported inside the ram stock 15 so as to be movable in the radial direction.
- the damper 21 is supported by the front-end
- a plurality (two in this embodiment) of O-rings 22 are interposed between the crushing member 23 and the damper 21 in the axial direction (longitudinal direction) of the ram stock 15.
- a plurality of pressure chambers 33 defined by the housing 31, the cylinders 32, and the crushing members 23 are defined inside the ram stock 15, and the housing 31 receives the pressure chambers 33 from the outside.
- a communication hole 34 that communicates with each other is formed.
- An end of a hydraulic pipe 36 to which a hydraulic source 35 is connected is connected to each communication hole 34, and a flow rate adjusting valve 37 is attached to the hydraulic pipe 36.
- the flow rate adjustment valve 37 when the flow rate adjustment valve 37 is opened and its opening degree is adjusted, the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic source 35 is supplied from the communication holes 34 to the pressure chambers 33 through the hydraulic pipes 36, and the crushing members 23 move forward to advance the O-rings. By crushing 22, its shape is deformed, the spring constant of the O-ring 22 is changed, and the natural frequency of the damper 21 can be adjusted.
- the pressure chamber 33 is connected to a discharge pipe having a flow rate adjustment valve (not shown). By opening the flow rate adjustment valve and adjusting the opening, the hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber 33 is discharged. Each crushing member 23 retreats and the amount of crushing of the O-ring 22 is reduced, so that its shape is deformed, the spring constant of the O-ring 22 is changed, and the natural frequency of the damper 21 can be adjusted.
- An NC (Numerical Control Machining) device 24 can numerically control the column base 12, the saddle 14, the ram stock 15, the spindle 16, and the like based on NC program data (processing data) set in advance. That is, the NC device 24 can control the movement of the ram stock 15 by controlling the driving of the driving device based on the NC program data. Further, the NC device 24 can select and attach the attachment 17 necessary for machining to the ram stock 15 by driving and controlling an automatic tool changer (not shown) based on NC program data (machining data). .
- the NC device 24 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 37 according to the mass of the attachment 17 attached to the ram stock 15 and controls the hydraulic pressure supplied to each pressure chamber 33, thereby crushing each.
- the natural frequency of the damper 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of crushing of the O-ring 22 by the member 23 and adjusting the degree of deformation.
- the mass ratio ⁇ of both can be obtained by the following formula (1).
- the natural frequency ⁇ n can be obtained by the following equation (2).
- the optimum frequency ratio between the main vibration system and the dynamic vibration absorber can be obtained by the following mathematical formula (4).
- the NC device 24 may be controlled based on a map of the crushing amount of the O-ring 22 according to the mass change of the attachment 17.
- the NC device 24 knows the mass of the attachment 17 based on the input NC program data (processing data). Therefore, the NC device 24 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 according to the mass of the attachment 17, By supplying (or discharging) a predetermined hydraulic pressure to the pressure chamber 33, each crushing member 23 moves forward (or retreats), and the amount of crushing of the O-ring 22 fluctuates to change its shape. A spring constant changes and the natural frequency of the damper 21 is adjusted.
- the column base 12 is supported on the bed 11 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction
- the column 13 is erected on the column base 12
- the saddle 14 is supported on the side surface of 13 so as to be movable in the vertical direction
- the ram stock 15 is supported on the saddle 14 so as to be movable in the horizontal direction
- the main shaft 16 is supported on the ram stock 15 so as to be rotatable.
- the stock 15 is provided with a damper 21 as a vibration damping portion
- an O-ring 22 is provided as an elastic body between the ram stock 15 and the damper 21.
- the O-ring 22 can be deformed by a crushing member 23 as a deformation means.
- the NC device 24 as the adjusting means can adjust the degree of deformation of the O-ring 22 by the crushing member 23 according to the mass of the attachment 17. That.
- the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 is adjusted according to the mass of the attachment 17 and a predetermined hydraulic pressure is supplied to each pressure chamber 33 (or Discharge), each crushing member 23 moves and the crushing amount of the O-ring 22 fluctuates to change its shape, the spring constant of the O-ring 22 changes, and the natural frequency of the damper 21 is adjusted.
- the Therefore, the natural frequency of the damper 21 is synchronized with the natural frequency of the ram stock 15, the vibration of the ram stock 15 is attenuated by the resonance phenomenon of both, and the tool vibration is effectively attenuated to improve the machining accuracy. be able to.
- the O-ring 22 is used as an elastic body, the O-ring 22 is held so as to contact the damper 21, and the crushing member 23 crushes the O-ring 22, so that the damper 21
- the natural frequency of can be adjusted. Therefore, the natural frequency of the damper 21 can be easily adjusted with a simple configuration, and the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the overall configuration of the machine tool of the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and will be described with reference to FIG. 4 and is the same for members having the same functions as those described in this embodiment. A duplicate description will be omitted.
- the ram stock 15 has a ring-shaped damper 41 supported therein as a vibration damping portion, and the ram stock 15 and the damper 41.
- An O-ring 42 as an elastic body is provided so as to come into contact with the damper 41.
- the ram stock 15 is provided with a crushing member 43 having a ring shape that crushes and deforms the O-ring 42 as deformation means for deforming the O-ring 42 therein.
- An NC device is provided as a deformation degree adjusting means for adjusting the degree of deformation of the O-ring 42 by the crushing member 43 according to the mass of the attachment 17, that is, the amount of crushing. In this case, the natural frequency of the damper 41 is adjusted by crushing the O-ring 42 by the crushing member 43 and adjusting the degree of deformation.
- a pair of mounting rings 51 having a cylindrical shape with a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction are disposed on the inner surface of the ramstock 15 in the vicinity of the side of the housing 31 where the attachment 17 is mounted.
- a damper 41 is disposed adjacent to the mounting ring 51, and a crushing member 43 is disposed adjacent to the damper 41.
- the mounting ring 51 is fixed to the housing 31, and the crushing member 43 is movable along the axial direction (longitudinal direction) of the ram stock 15 by a rail 52 attached to the inner surface of the housing 31.
- An O-ring 42 is interposed between the mounting ring 51 and the damper 41 and between the damper 41 and the crushing member 43.
- a support ring 53 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 31 so as to face the crushing member 43, and an elastic member made of a frame body that fits between the crushing member 43 and the support ring 53.
- a pressure chamber 55 is defined inside, and a communication hole 56 communicating with the pressure chamber 55 from the outside is formed in the housing 31 and the support ring 53.
- An end portion of a hydraulic pipe connected to a hydraulic source (not shown) is connected to each communication hole 56, and a flow rate adjusting valve is attached to the hydraulic pipe.
- the NC device adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve according to the mass of the attachment 17 attached to the ram stock 15 and controls the hydraulic pressure supplied to the pressure chamber 55, so that the crushing member 43
- the natural frequency of the damper 41 can be adjusted by adjusting the crushing amount of the O-ring 42 and adjusting the degree of deformation.
- the ring-shaped mounting ring 51, the damper 41, and the crushing member 43 are arranged side by side, and the O-ring 42 is provided between them. 42 can be deformed by the crushing member 43, and the NC device can adjust the degree of deformation of the O-ring 42 by the crushing member 43 according to the mass of the attachment 17.
- the shape is deformed by moving the crushing member 43 by hydraulic pressure and changing the crushing amount of the O-ring 42 according to the mass of the attachment 17. Then, the spring constant of the O-ring 42 changes and the natural frequency of the damper 41 is adjusted. Therefore, the natural frequency of the damper 41 is synchronized with the natural frequency of the ram stock 15, the vibration of the ram stock 15 is attenuated by the resonance phenomenon of both, and the tool vibration is effectively attenuated to improve the machining accuracy. be able to.
- an O-ring 42 is used as an elastic body, the O-ring 42 is held in contact with the damper 41, and the crushing member 43 is deformed by crushing the entire O-ring 42.
- the natural frequency of the damper 41 can be adjusted. Therefore, the natural frequency of the damper 41 can be adjusted in a large region with a simple configuration, and the structure can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating state of the horizontal boring mill of the third embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the ram stock 15 has a damper 21 supported therein, and is in contact with the damper 21 between the ram stock 15 and the damper 21.
- An O-ring 22 is provided.
- the ram stock 15 is provided with a crushing member 23 that crushes and deforms the O-ring 22 inside.
- An NC device 24 is provided for adjusting the degree of deformation of the O-ring 22 by the crushing member 23 according to the movement position of the attachment 17, that is, the crushing amount. In this case, the natural frequency of the damper 21 is adjusted by crushing the O-ring 22 with the crushing member 23 and adjusting the degree of deformation.
- the NC device 24 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 according to the protruding amount (moving position) of the ram stock 15 (attachment 17) with respect to the saddle 15, and supplies the hydraulic pressure supplied to each pressure chamber 33.
- the amount of crushing of the O-ring 22 by each crushing member 23 can be adjusted, and the natural frequency of the damper 21 can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of deformation.
- the NC device 24 can grasp the protruding amount (movement position) of the ram stock 15 (attachment 17) from the input machining data.
- the moment of inertia of the ram stock 15 with respect to the saddle 14 changes, so that the natural vibration changes accordingly.
- the spring constant k of the O-ring 22 is adjusted by changing the degree of deformation of the O-ring 22 by the crushing member 23, the natural frequency of the damper 21 is adjusted, so the vibration on the ram stock 15 side is efficiently damped.
- the NC device 24 may be controlled based on a map of the crushing amount of the O-ring 22 corresponding to the moving position of the ram stock 15 (attachment 17).
- the damper 21 is provided as a vibration damping portion in the ram stock 15, and the O-ring 22 is provided as an elastic body between the ram stock 15 and the damper 21.
- the O-ring 22 can be deformed by a crushing member 23 as a deforming means, and the NC device 24 as a deformation degree adjusting means adjusts the degree of deformation of the O-ring 22 by the crushing member 23 according to the movement position of the attachment 17. It is possible.
- the NC device 24 adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve 37 according to this moving position, and applies a predetermined hydraulic pressure to each pressure chamber 33.
- each crushing member 23 moves and the crushing amount of the O-ring 22 fluctuates to deform its shape, and the spring constant of the O-ring 22 changes to change the natural frequency of the damper 21 Is adjusted. Therefore, the natural frequency of the damper 21 is synchronized with the natural frequency of the ram stock 15, the vibration of the ram stock 15 is attenuated by the resonance phenomenon of both, and the tool vibration is effectively attenuated to improve the machining accuracy. be able to.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram of a horizontal boring mill as a machine tool according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing vibration amplitude with respect to frequency.
- symbol is attached
- the ram stock 15 has a damper 21 supported therein, and is in contact with the damper 21 between the ram stock 15 and the damper 21.
- An O-ring 22 is provided.
- the ram stock 15 is provided with a crushing member 23 that crushes and deforms the O-ring 22 inside.
- An NC device 24 is provided that adjusts the degree of deformation of the O-ring 22 by the crushing member 23, that is, the crushing amount, according to the mass of the attachment 17 and the movement position. In this case, the natural frequency of the damper 21 is adjusted by crushing the O-ring 22 with the crushing member 23 and adjusting the degree of deformation.
- the ram stock 15 is provided with an acceleration sensor 61 as vibration detecting means, and the detection result of the acceleration sensor 61 is sent to the vibration detector 62.
- the vibration detector 62 detects the vibration of the ram stock 15.
- the amplitude is calculated and sent to the determination device 63.
- the determination device 63 determines whether or not the amplitude of the vibration is within a favorable range.
- the NC device 24 adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 37 so that the vibration amplitude of the ram stock 15 is within a favorable range.
- the vibration detector 62 calculates the amplitude of the vibration of the ram stock 15 based on the detection result of the acceleration sensor 61, and the determination device 63 determines whether the amplitude of the vibration is within a favorable range.
- the NC apparatus 24 determines that the vibration amplitude of the ram stock 15 is not within a good range, the crushing member 23 is moved by hydraulic pressure to change the crushing amount of the O-ring 22. As a result, the O-ring 22 changes its spring constant, and the natural frequency of the damper 21 is adjusted.
- the natural frequency of the damper 21 is synchronized with the natural frequency of the ram stock 15, the vibration of the ram stock 15 is attenuated by the resonance phenomenon of both, and the tool vibration is effectively attenuated to improve the machining accuracy. be able to.
- the ram stock 15 is provided with the acceleration sensor 61 as the vibration detecting means, and the NC device 24 has a favorable vibration amplitude of the ram stock 15.
- the amount of crushing of the O-ring 22 by the crushing member 23 is adjusted so as to be within the range, and the degree of deformation can be adjusted.
- the NC device 24 adjusts the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 37 and supplies (or discharges) a predetermined hydraulic pressure to each pressure chamber 33. )
- Each crushing member 23 moves and the crushing amount of the O-ring 22 fluctuates to change its shape, and the spring constant of the O-ring 22 changes to adjust the natural frequency of the damper 21. . Therefore, the natural frequency of the damper 21 is synchronized with the natural frequency of the ram stock 15, the vibration of the ram stock 15 is attenuated by the resonance phenomenon of both, and the tool vibration is effectively attenuated to improve the machining accuracy. be able to.
- the O-rings 22 and 42 are applied as elastic bodies.
- the elastic constant is not limited to rubber, and any spring constant may be used as long as it is deformed.
- a very soft gel-like material alpha gel-trademark mainly made of silicone may be used.
- the machine tool and the processing method according to the present invention can reduce the size and space of the apparatus, and can be applied to any machine tool.
Abstract
Description
12 コラムベース
13 コラム
14 サドル(鉛直移動体)
15 ラムストック(水平移動体)
16 主軸
17 アタッチメント
21,41 ダンパ(振動減衰部)
22,42 Oリング(弾性体)
23,43 押しつぶし部材(変形手段)
24 NC装置(変形度合調整手段)
Claims (6)
- 工作機械本体と、該工作機械本体に対して移動自在に支持される移動体と、該移動体に駆動回転可能に支持される主軸と、前記移動体の先端部に着脱可能なアタッチメントとを有する工作機械であって、
前記移動体に設けられる振動減衰部と、
前記移動体と前記振動減衰部との間に設けられる弾性体と、
該弾性体を変形させる変形手段と、
前記アタッチメントの質量または移動位置に応じて前記変形手段により前記弾性体の変形度合を調整する変形度合調整手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする工作機械。 - 前記工作機械本体に対して鉛直方向に沿って鉛直移動体が移動自在に支持され、該鉛直移動体に水平方向に沿って水平移動体が移動自在に支持され、前記水平移動体の先端部に前記アタッチメントが着脱可能であり、前記変形度合調整手段は、前記アタッチメントの質量または前記水平移動体による前記アタッチメントの移動位置に応じて前記変形手段により前記弾性体の変形度合を調整することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の工作機械。
- 前記水平移動体の内部に前記弾性体を介して前記振動減衰部としてリング形状をなすダンパが支持されると共に、前記水平移動体の内部に前記変形手段として前記弾性体を押しつぶして変形させる押しつぶし部材が設けられ、前記変形度合調整手段は、前記押しつぶし部材により前記弾性体を押しつぶして変形度合を調整することで、前記ダンパの固有振動数を調整することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の工作機械。
- 前記弾性体は、前記ダンパに接触するように保持されたOリングであり、前記押しつぶし部材は前記Oリングを押しつぶすことで、前記ダンパの固有振動数を調整することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の工作機械。
- 前記移動体の振動を検出する振動検出手段が設けられ、前記変形度合調整手段は、前記振動検出手段の検出結果に応じて前記変形手段により前記弾性体の変形度合を調整することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の工作機械。
- 工作機械本体と、該工作機械本体に対して移動自在に支持される移動体と、該移動体に駆動回転可能に支持される主軸と、前記移動体の先端部に着脱可能なアタッチメントとを有する工作機械において、
前記移動体と振動減衰部との間に弾性体を設け、該弾性体を変形手段により変形可能とし、前記アタッチメントの質量または前記アタッチメントの移動位置に応じて前記変形手段により前記弾性体の変形度合を調整しながら、前記アタッチメントに装着された工具により加工を行うことを特徴とする加工方法。
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CN200880126767.1A CN101945722A (zh) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-04-11 | 机床及加工方法 |
US12/867,686 US20100310334A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-04-11 | Machine tool and processing method |
EP08740236A EP2253399A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-04-11 | Machine tool and working method |
TW097128845A TW200936293A (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-07-30 | Machine tool and processing method |
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JP2008034975A JP2009190141A (ja) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | 工作機械及び加工方法 |
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US (1) | US20100310334A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2253399A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2009190141A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20100112165A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101945722A (ja) |
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JP2011235364A (ja) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-24 | Jtekt Corp | 工作機械の主軸装置 |
JP2011235363A (ja) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-24 | Jtekt Corp | 工作機械の主軸装置 |
US8734070B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2014-05-27 | Kennametal Inc. | Toolholder with externally-mounted dynamic absorber |
CN107336062A (zh) * | 2016-05-03 | 2017-11-10 | 索拉路斯有限公司 | 具有主动减振系统的机床 |
JP6360219B1 (ja) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-07-18 | 株式会社ヒガシ | ワーク回転装置 |
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JP5597491B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-08 | 2014-10-01 | 新日本工機株式会社 | Nc工作機械 |
JP2012143819A (ja) * | 2011-01-07 | 2012-08-02 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | 工作機械の主軸およびこの主軸を用いた工作機械 |
JP5851910B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2016-02-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 工作機械の制御方法、及び工作機械 |
TWI478789B (zh) * | 2012-10-19 | 2015-04-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 伸縮軸組件 |
ES2425994B1 (es) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-06-20 | Soraluce, S. Coop. | Cabezal de máquina herramienta fresadora din�micamente estable |
JP2015016519A (ja) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-01-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 主軸ユニット |
CN105364501B (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2019-11-05 | 唐山市三川钢铁机械制造有限公司 | 滑枕与含有该滑枕的滑枕机构 |
DE112018001791T5 (de) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-12-12 | Ihi Corporation | Lageraufbau und elektrischer Kompressor |
CN109751019B (zh) * | 2017-11-02 | 2023-11-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 可调节油嘴、工艺管柱及调节方法 |
ES2719927B2 (es) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-01-29 | Soraluce S Coop | Maquina herramienta con amortiguacion activa |
ES2724799B2 (es) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-01-29 | Soraluce S Coop | Torno vertical con absorbedor de vibraciones amortiguado |
JP7082517B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-19 | 2022-06-08 | 株式会社ディスコ | 加工装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2253399A1 (en) | 2010-11-24 |
JP2009190141A (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
US20100310334A1 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
CN101945722A (zh) | 2011-01-12 |
TW200936293A (en) | 2009-09-01 |
KR20100112165A (ko) | 2010-10-18 |
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