WO2009096054A1 - 石炭ガス化炉の起動方法および起動装置 - Google Patents
石炭ガス化炉の起動方法および起動装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009096054A1 WO2009096054A1 PCT/JP2008/063090 JP2008063090W WO2009096054A1 WO 2009096054 A1 WO2009096054 A1 WO 2009096054A1 JP 2008063090 W JP2008063090 W JP 2008063090W WO 2009096054 A1 WO2009096054 A1 WO 2009096054A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- pulverized coal
- coal
- furnace
- burner
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/726—Start-up
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a start method and starter for a coal gasification furnace in which pulverized coal is put into a furnace by an inert carrier gas and gasified, and more specifically, the coal gas is generated by a combustible start gas.
- the present invention relates to a starting method suitable for starting a chemical furnace and a starting device for carrying out the method. Background art
- Fig. 6 shows the main configuration of a conventional coal gasifier startup system. As shown in Fig.
- the coal gasifier 0 2 consisting of the pressure vessel 0 1 has a compass evening pan 0 3 below the interior, a reductor pan 0 4 above the compass evening par 0 0 3 and a compass evening pan 0 Under the slag taps 0 5 below the slag taps 0 5, the starter spans 0 6 are respectively provided.
- the fuel supply passage 08 is conveyed by nitrogen (carrier gas), and air is supplied together with coal (pulverized coal). High temperature combustion gas is generated by the combustion of coal. Also, molten slag generated and separated from the high-temperature gas adheres to the furnace wall or falls to the furnace bottom, and is discharged downward from the slag tap 05.
- cooling water 09 for cooling the discharged slag is stored at the bottom.
- the coal pulverized coal
- the carrier gas nitrogen gas
- combustible gas is generated by mixing with the high temperature gas generated in the compass evening part 0 7 and performing a gasification reaction force in a high temperature reducing atmosphere field.
- the starter burner 06 When starting the coal gasification furnace 02, the starter burner 06 is used to supply the starter auxiliary fuel and air or oxygen to the starter burner 06 to start the combustion chamber 0. 1 Charged into 2 and heated inside the gasification furnace 0 2 by the combustion heat of this auxiliary fuel and air or oxygen. After the temperature inside the gasification furnace 0 2 reaches the ignition temperature of pulverized coal, the compressor spanner 0 As air is introduced together with pulverized coal from 3, the supply of auxiliary fuel for start-up is stopped.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 2-1 6 1 2 8 3 is known.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a gasification furnace 0 20, pulverized coal provided in the gasification furnace 0 20, and oxygen while being supplied to the furnace 0 2 1 and heated to pulverized coal.
- a tap burner 0 2 5 is provided below the plug 0 24 to heat the slag tap 0 24.
- the tap burners 0 2 5 are burned to heat the slag taps 0 2 4 and A configuration is shown in which the temperature in the furnace 0 2 1 is increased by heating.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a background.
- the starter burner is not required.
- Coal that can eliminate the combustion chamber for the gasification, and can reduce the height of the entire gasification furnace by reducing the size of the combustion chamber for the starter by making it smaller and lighter than the conventional starter It is an object of the present invention to provide a gasification furnace start-up method and start-up device.
- the first invention relates to a method for starting a coal gasification furnace, and in a method for starting a coal gasification furnace in which pulverized coal is introduced into the furnace by an inert carrier gas and gasified.
- Supply of the combustible gas after the start-up combustible gas is supplied in the middle of the fuel supply passage of the pulverized coal to the combustion burner and the furnace temperature reaches the first temperature at which the pulverized coal can be ignited. This is characterized by increasing the input amount of the pulverized coal and the carrier gas while reducing the amount of combustion, and shifting to combustion by the pulverized coal and the carrier gas.
- the second invention relates to a starter for a coal gasification furnace, and relates to a starter for a coal gasification furnace in which pulverized coal is put into the furnace by an inert carrier gas to be gasified.
- a start gas supply passage for supplying start-up combustible gas is provided in the middle of the fuel supply passage for the pulverized coal, and the furnace temperature can be ignited by the pulverized coal based on the detected value from the furnace temperature detection means. After reaching 1 temperature, start up to shift to combustion by pulverized coal and carrier gas by increasing the amount of pulverized coal and carrier gas input while decreasing the amount of combustible gas supplied from the starter gas supply passage
- a special feature is the provision of control means.
- the start-up method invention of the first invention and the start-up device invention of the second invention supply startable combustible gas in the middle of the fuel supply passage of the pulverized coal to the combustion burner. Then, after the furnace temperature reaches the first temperature at which pulverized coal can be ignited, the input amount of the pulverized coal and the carrier gas is increased while the supply amount of the combustible gas is decreased, and the pulverized coal and the carrier are conveyed. Since it is shifted to combustion by gas, the coal gasifier can be started using the combustion burner as the start burner at the start.
- a trapping starter is installed below the combustion panner and below the slag cup, and the inside of the furnace reaches the first temperature by the auxiliary starter.
- the starting combustible gas is preferably supplied to the fuel supply passage.
- an auxiliary start burner is installed below the combustion burner and below the slag tap, and the start control means is installed in the furnace by the auxiliary start burner. Has an auxiliary start burner control unit that heats to a second temperature before reaching the first temperature, and after reaching the second temperature in the auxiliary start burner control unit, It is recommended to supply a starting combustible gas.
- the start-up is performed by heating with the auxiliary start-up and combustion burners, so that only the start-up burner as in the prior art is used. Compared to heating, it takes less time to reach the first temperature in the furnace where pulverized coal can be ignited.
- the auxiliary start-up burner can be made smaller and the height of the coal gasifier can be reduced compared to ignition using only the start-up burner. Furthermore, since the upper and lower surfaces of the slag tap can be heated evenly, the slag discharge at the initial coal input is stabilized.
- the starting combustible to the fuel supply passage is When supplying the combustible gas, an inert seal gas may be vented between the outlet of the pulverized coal hopper and the starting combustible gas supply position so that the combustible gas does not flow backward in the pipe.
- a seal gas supply passage for venting an inert seal gas is provided between the outlet of the pulverized coal hopper and the start-up combustible gas supply position, and the fuel supply passage is provided.
- the seal gas is vented to prevent the combustible gas from flowing back through the pipe.
- the starting method of the first invention and the configuration of the starting device of the second invention it is possible to prevent the starting combustible gas from flowing back into the fuel supply passage at the time of starting.
- combustible gas at startup can be stably supplied to the gasifier, and startup can be stabilized.
- the starter burner is not required, and the start-up combustion chamber is eliminated.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the main part of a coal gasifier showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation flow at the start-up of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the main part of the coal gasifier showing the second embodiment, and corresponds to FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an operation flow at the start of the second embodiment, and corresponds to FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the main part of the coal gasifier showing the third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the main part for explaining the prior art.
- FIG. 7 is an overall configuration diagram for explaining the prior art. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Only.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a main part showing the first embodiment.
- a coal gasification furnace 1 that gasifies coal is composed of a compass section (combustion section) 5 that is formed by a pressure vessel 3 and generates heat energy, and a reductor that performs a gasification reaction using the heat energy.
- Part (reaction part) 7 and the compass evening part 5 and the reductor part 7 are each equipped with one or more compass tapers (combustion burners) 9 and one or more reductor burners 1 1. One of them is shown in the figure.
- a partition 13 is formed between the compass evening panner 9 and the reductor spanner 11, and a slag discharge port, that is, a slag tap 15 is provided below the compass evening parner 9. Be dropped. Cooling water 17 for cooling the dropped slag is stored at the bottom.
- the coal used as fuel is temporarily stored in the supply hopper (pulverized coal hopper) 1 9 (see Fig. 5), and the coal ( Inert nitrogen (carrier gas) that transports pulverized coal is introduced, and pulverized coal is introduced into the reductor burner 1 1 through the transport pipe 2 1, and further to this transport pipe 2 1. Additional nitrogen is being supplied.
- Pulverized coal is introduced into the compass panner 9 through the fuel supply passage 2 3, and the supply amount of carrier gas nitrogen (N 2 A) is adjusted by the flow control valve 25. . Further, a flow meter 27 is provided in the fuel supply passage 23 at the inlet P position to the compass evening pan 9, and based on the detected value of the flow meter 27 and the detected values of the pipe diameter, the temperature in the pipe, and the like, The flow rate of pulverized coal supplied to the compass taper 9 is calculated.
- compass evening panner 9 is supplied with air or oxygen, and is introduced into compass evening section 5 together with coal (pulverized coal) conveyed by nitrogen (N 2 A) in fuel supply passage 23. High temperature combustion gas is generated by burning coal. Then, in Redac evening part 7, it is mixed with the high-temperature combustion gas generated in compass evening part 5 and a gasification reaction is performed in a high-temperature reducing atmosphere field, so that combustible gas is generated. ing.
- a start gas supply passage 29 is connected to the fuel supply passage 23 to the compass evening pan 9, and additional nitrogen (N 2 B) is supplied via the flow meter 31 and the flow control valve 33.
- a starting fuel (NG1) for example, a combustible gas such as natural gas or propane gas, is supplied through the flow meter 35 and the flow control valve 37.
- a detection signal from the furnace temperature sensor 41 for detecting the furnace temperature is input to the start control means 39, and a signal from the flow meter 27 at the inlet P position to the compass burner 9 is added.
- the signal from the flow meter 31 for nitrogen (N 2 B) and the signal from the flow meter 35 for starting fuel (NG1) are input to each.
- the flow rate of nitrogen (N 2 A), additional nitrogen (N 2 B), and starter fuel (NG1) is mainly adjusted by the flow rate adjustment valves 25, 33, and 37, respectively.
- the ignition device 43 As the ignition device 43, a red hot wire or a plasma ignition device is used.
- the flow rate adjustment valve 37 is opened to start supplying the starting fuel (NG 1) at a constant flow rate. Natural gas as starting fuel (NG1) is vented from the starting gas supply passage 29 to the fuel supply passage 23 to ignite the natural gas. After ignition, the ignition device 43 is stopped.
- the starting fuel (NG1) When the starting fuel (NG1) is ignited at t 0, the internal temperature of the coal gasification furnace 1 starts to rise as shown in Fig. 2, and when the furnace temperature reaches the first temperature T 1 at t 1, Since the charcoal can be ignited, the start fuel (NG1) is switched to the supply of pulverized coal.
- the flow control valves 25 and 33 are controlled to control the flow rate of carrier gas nitrogen (N.8) and additional nitrogen (N 2 B). Being Nitrogen (N 2 A, N 2 B) and starting fuel (NG 1) raise the flow velocity in the pipe at point P so that it falls within the stable flow velocity range H for pulverized coal.
- the supply of pulverized coal is started.
- the flow rate adjustment valves 2 5 and 3 3 are controlled to increase the flow rate of pulverized coal, while the flow rate adjustment valve 3 7 fc reduces the amount of start fuel (NG 1) and (NG 1) is replaced with the inert gas nitrogen, and finally, at time t 2, the supply of the starting fuel (NG 1) is cut off and the operation is switched to the operation using only pulverized coal.
- the starting fuel (NG 1) which is a starting combustible gas
- the starting fuel (NG 1) is supplied in the middle of the fuel supply passage 2 3 for pulverized coal to the compass evening pan 9, and the furnace
- the input of pulverized coal and carrier gas is increased while the supply amount of startup fuel (NG 1) is decreased, and combustion by pulverized coal and carrier gas is performed Therefore, the coal gasifier 1 can be started using the compass burner 9 as a starting burner when starting up.
- the height of the gasifier becomes compact, and the pressure vessel 3 of the coal gasifier 1 Since the number of nozzles constituting the pipe can be reduced, the cost can be reduced.
- the compass section 5 is directly heated by the compass evening pan 9, the heating power in the furnace is obtained effectively, the heating efficiency at the start is good, and the starting fuel is economical.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the main part showing the second embodiment, and is a configuration diagram corresponding to FIG.
- the second embodiment further includes an auxiliary starting panner 50 as compared to the first embodiment. Since the provisions are different and the other configurations are the same, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- an auxiliary starter 50 is installed below the compass taper 9 and below the slag tap 15, and the start control means 52 has the inside of the furnace by the auxiliary starter 50.
- the auxiliary starter controller 54 for heating is provided until a second temperature T lower than the first temperature T1 is reached.
- auxiliary start burner controller 54 is furnace temperature 2nd?
- the fuel for starting (NG2) is supplied to the auxiliary starting pan 50 through the auxiliary starting gas supply passage 56 until the viewing degree T 2 is reached.
- the start control means 52 receives a signal from the flow meter 58 of the start fuel (NG2) to the auxiliary start pan 50 and adjusts the flow rate of the start fuel (NG2). It is configured to adjust with valve 60.
- the ignition device 62 is mounted on the auxiliary starting burner 50 in the same manner as the Conno IX taberna 9. First, when starting the coal gasification furnace 1, air is passed through the auxiliary starter burner 50, the ignition device 62 provided at the tip of the burner is started, the flow rate adjustment valve 60 is opened, and the starter fuel (NG2) is supplied. Supply and ignite the natural gas of the starting fuel (NG2).
- the temperature in the gasifier 1 starts to rise as shown in Fig. 4, and when the furnace temperature reaches the second temperature T 2 at t 1,
- the flow regulating valve 37 is opened to supply the starting fuel (NG1) to the natural gas of the starting fuel (NG1). Ignite.
- the starting fuel (NG1) of compass evening panner 9 When the starting fuel (NG1) of compass evening panner 9 is ignited at t 1, the temperature in the gasifier begins to rise further as shown in Fig. 4, and the furnace temperature reaches the first temperature T1 at t 2. Then, since the pulverized coal reaches a temperature that can be ignited, it is switched from the starting fuel (NG1, NG2) to the supply of pulverized coal.
- the activation is performed by heating with the auxiliary activation burner 50 and the compass evening burner 9, and thus heating is performed only with the activation burner as in the conventional technique.
- the time until the pulverized coal reaches the first temperature T 1 in the furnace where ignition is possible is shortened.
- the auxiliary start burner 50 can be made smaller and the height of the coal gasifier 1 can be made compact compared to ignition by only the start burner.
- the upper and lower surfaces of the slag tap 15 can be heated evenly, the slag discharge when the initial coal is charged is stabilized.
- the third embodiment is inactive between the outlet portion 63 of the supply hopper 19 storing and supplying pulverized coal and the connection position 65 to the fuel supply passage 23 of the starting gas supply passage 29.
- the seal gas supply passage 67 for venting the seal gas is connected.
- Nitrogen gas is supplied to the seal gas supply passage 67 as a seal gas.
- the seal gas By supplying the seal gas, it is possible to prevent backflow to the start-up combustible gas power supply hopper 19 side in the fuel supply passage 23 at the time of start-up.
- the combustible gas at start-up described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment can be stably supplied to the gasification furnace, and the start-up control is stabilized.
- the starter burner is not required, the starter combustion chamber is eliminated, and the starter Even if it is provided, a startup method for a coal gasification furnace that can be reduced in size and weight compared to a conventional startup burner, and that can reduce the height of the entire gasification furnace, and a starter for performing the method. This is beneficial when applied to coal gasifiers.
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2695025A CA2695025A1 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-07-15 | Starting method of coal gasifier and starting device therefor |
US12/452,854 US8414668B2 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-07-15 | Starting method of coal gasifier and starting device therefor |
EP08791377A EP2239312A4 (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-07-15 | METHOD FOR STARTING A COAL GASIFICATION OVEN AND ITS START-UP DEVICE |
ZA2010/00949A ZA201000949B (en) | 2008-01-29 | 2010-02-09 | Starting method of coal gasifier and starting device therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008-043561 | 2008-01-29 | ||
JP2008043561A JP5166910B2 (ja) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-01-29 | 石炭ガス化炉の起動方法および起動装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2009096054A1 true WO2009096054A1 (ja) | 2009-08-06 |
Family
ID=40912419
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2008/063090 WO2009096054A1 (ja) | 2008-01-29 | 2008-07-15 | 石炭ガス化炉の起動方法および起動装置 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8414668B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2239312A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5166910B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2695025A1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2434932C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009096054A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA201000949B (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2011529970A (ja) * | 2008-08-01 | 2011-12-15 | コーレン・インダストリーズ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 粉末燃料を用いて駆動されるガス化炉を始動するための方法および装置 |
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CN101838557B (zh) * | 2010-02-10 | 2011-09-21 | 马鞍山科达洁能股份有限公司 | 煤气发生炉和煤气生产方法 |
JP5678606B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-25 | 2015-03-04 | 株式会社Ihi | ボイラ装置 |
JP5654338B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-20 | 2015-01-14 | 日本エア・リキード株式会社 | 窒素ガス製造装置およびこれを用いたガス化複合発電システム |
JP5615199B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-21 | 2014-10-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 燃焼装置 |
US9028571B2 (en) | 2011-04-06 | 2015-05-12 | Ineos Bio Sa | Syngas cooler system and method of operation |
US8945507B2 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2015-02-03 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Systems and methods for operating a gasifier |
US8673181B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2014-03-18 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Systems and methods for starting up a gasifier |
PL3161109T3 (pl) | 2014-06-27 | 2019-04-30 | Tubitak | Układ podawania węgla |
CN104479759B (zh) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-09-07 | 刘晓军 | 一种提高气化炉开工烧嘴点火成功率的方法 |
CN105132023B (zh) * | 2015-08-26 | 2018-06-19 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | 块粉一体化气化炉及块粉一体化气化的方法 |
JP6637797B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-11 | 2020-01-29 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | 炭素含有原料ガス化システム及びその酸化剤分配比設定方法 |
JP2020514520A (ja) * | 2017-01-06 | 2020-05-21 | フェニックス アドバンスド テクノロジーズ リミテッドFenix Advanced Technologies,Limited | 固体燃料粒子の可搬性可燃性気体浮遊物 |
CN113341703B (zh) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-15 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司西北电力试验研究院 | 一种启磨预判的预加煤前馈的最优时间差方法 |
AU2023225669A1 (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2024-09-12 | Sierra Energy | Fixed bed gasifier |
CN114644946B (zh) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-11-29 | 徐州乔氏机械设备有限公司 | 一种智能煤制气装置 |
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JP2002161283A (ja) | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-04 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 石炭ガス化装置の起動方法 |
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-
2008
- 2008-01-29 JP JP2008043561A patent/JP5166910B2/ja active Active
- 2008-07-15 WO PCT/JP2008/063090 patent/WO2009096054A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2008-07-15 EP EP08791377A patent/EP2239312A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-07-15 RU RU2010105050/05A patent/RU2434932C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-07-15 US US12/452,854 patent/US8414668B2/en active Active
- 2008-07-15 CA CA2695025A patent/CA2695025A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2010
- 2010-02-09 ZA ZA2010/00949A patent/ZA201000949B/en unknown
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---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58154797A (ja) * | 1982-03-10 | 1983-09-14 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 噴流式石炭ガス化炉の起動方法 |
JPS63135492A (ja) * | 1986-11-27 | 1988-06-07 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 石炭ガス化炉用バ−ナ装置 |
JP2002161283A (ja) | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-04 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 石炭ガス化装置の起動方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2239312A4 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2011529970A (ja) * | 2008-08-01 | 2011-12-15 | コーレン・インダストリーズ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 粉末燃料を用いて駆動されるガス化炉を始動するための方法および装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA201000949B (en) | 2011-04-28 |
EP2239312A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 |
RU2434932C2 (ru) | 2011-11-27 |
US8414668B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
RU2010105050A (ru) | 2011-08-20 |
US20100180503A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
JP5166910B2 (ja) | 2013-03-21 |
CA2695025A1 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
JP2009179790A (ja) | 2009-08-13 |
EP2239312A4 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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