Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J15/00—Sealings
  • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
  • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
  • F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
  • F16J15/0818—Flat gaskets
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
  • F16J15/00—Sealings
  • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
  • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
  • F16J15/08—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
  • F16J15/0806—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing characterised by material or surface treatment

Definitions

• the present invention relates to gaskets and in particular cylinder head gaskets which can be used in internal combustion engines.
• the flat gasket has a metallic base support with at least one bead.
• the basic carrier here is made of steel with 0.50 - 1.30 wt% C, max. 3.0% by weight of Si, max. 3.0% by weight of Mn, max. 0.035 wt.% P, max. 0.035 wt.% S, max. 2.0 wt.% Cr.
• the steel also has a microstructure of> 50% of a bainite texture.
• Cylinder-head gaskets are gaskets which, in comparison to other types of gaskets, are distinguished by the fact that the sealing function and the transmission of the bolting forces are not separated from each other.
• the sealing function of a flat gasket is achieved by pressing the gasket.
• the rigid metallic support frame assumes the function of power transmission and generates a defined sealing gap in which an elastic sealing material is pressed.
• gaskets are, for example, seals made of an elastomer-coated metallic base support. Normally, the elastomer coating is beaded to increase the pressure.
• seals made of an elastomer-coated metallic base support Normally, the elastomer coating is beaded to increase the pressure.
• the elastomeric material additionally has peripheral elevations in the form of sealing lips.
• Nickel and partly manganese made to perform the desired properties as well
• the metal layers of the seals are often made of austenitic stainless steel 1.4310 (X10CrNil8-8) with C1300 according to European Standard EN
• This steel has on the one hand a machinability, which is the initial one
• This metallic sealing material made of austenitic stainless steel 1.4310 is difficult to process. This is due to the tendency of this so-called. Metastable austenitic steel to form deformation martensite, ie during the forming of the metallic sealing material, a hardening takes place. In addition, this hardening can also have a negative impact on the function of the seal.
• Another disadvantage of austenitic steel 1.4310 is still the relatively high material costs.
• An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a readily processable sealing material for flat gaskets.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a low cost gasket material for gaskets.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a gasket material for gaskets having better performance.
• the present flat gasket wherein for at least one metallic base support with at least one bead a steel with 0.50 to 1.30 wt% C, max. 3.0% by weight of Si, max. 3.0% by weight of Mn, max. 0.035 wt.% P, max. 0.035 wt.% S, max. 2.0 wt% Cr was used.
• the steel also has a microstructure of> 50% of a bainite texture.
• bainitic steel despite a lower elongation at break of from 3% to 15%, determined from uniaxial tensile tests, than the conventional austenitic steel 1.4310 (breaking elongation of 5% to 22%), for forming metallic gasket layers with a bead in one Flat gasket is suitable.
• the inexpensive steel used herein is characterized by a good ductility, especially in comparison to martensitic steel.
• a lower functionally disadvantageous hardening during the manufacture of the gasket can be avoided, which is usually the case for metallic gasket material used austenitic chromium-nickel steels on stress-based and / or strain-induced formation of deformation martensite is back.
• FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a flat gasket 10 according to the invention with embossed bead 12. 14 denotes the steel base support
• the flat gasket 10 has a deformation limiter 20 to the combustion chamber opening 18.
• a flat gasket which comprises at least one metallic base support with at least one bead.
• the base support has a microstructure of> 50% of a bainite texture.
• the remainder is Fe or impurities.
• a single impurity is hereby ⁇ IO "4 wt .-%, preferably ⁇ 10 '5 wt .-%, more preferably ⁇ 10 " 6 wt .-%, included.
• the production of the sheet metal material for corresponding metallic seals is well known to the person skilled in the art.
• the spring property is achieved by heat treatment and work hardening.
• a further processing of the sheet material to a flat gasket can be done in one or more operations.
• the sealing of the combustion chamber takes place by means of one or more beads in at least one of the gasket layers of the flat gasket.
• the beads cause in the installation of the seal, that concentrates the force of the screws, with which the components to be sealed and the seal are braced against each other in a line pressing along the beading.
• the formation of beads is known in the art and includes, for example, corresponding folding or pressing of the metal. Beads are disclosed for example in DE 195 13 36.
• a metal layer composed of any metal or metal alloy that is "softer" than the gasket material may be impressed. Further selection criteria for the material of the metal layer are known to the person skilled in the art. Suitable metals or alloys are, for example, copper, tin or brass, and preferably aluminum. It has surprisingly been found that the use of a soft metal leads to an improved micro-seal in the region of a bead. Furthermore, the metal layer contributes to improved corrosion resistance. It is clear that, for reasons of different coefficients of thermal expansion, metal layers of respectively different metals or metal alloys can be mounted on the top or bottom side of the base support and can have different layer thicknesses according to the requirements.
• the steel used for the at least one metallic base support with at least one bead has a microstructure of> 50% (area ratio) of a bainite texture, as can be determined, for example, by means of a light micrograph of the metallographic cross section through the strip steel used and comparison of the surfaces of bainitic to non-bainitic steel.
• the steel is tempered by means of bainitizing.
• Bainitizing is understood to mean a heat treatment process of steel. In contrast to conventional hardening, bainitizing does not involve a martensitic microstructure transformation but rather a transformation into the bainite or intermediate stage.
• austenitizing the steel. This is followed by quenching to a temperature above the so-called martensite start temperature M 5 and holding the steel at this temperature for a predetermined time. This process is also referred to as isothermal conversion of austenite to bainite and is usually carried out in a salt bath or metal bath.
• the degree of austenite to bainite conversion, ie, the percentage of bainite texture of the steel can be controlled by temperature and the period of time the temperature is maintained.
• bainitic steel or technical components bainitic steel is described, for example, in WO 2007/054063, WO 02/44429, EP 1 248 862, EP 0 896 068, EP 0 747 154 and EP 0 707 088.
• Those skilled in the art are well aware of changes in the methods of obtaining a steel having a microstructure of> 50% of a bainite texture as well as the present composition.
• the steel preferably has a microstructure of 50-100%, more preferably 60-100%, and even more preferably 80-100% of a bainite texture. It has been found that these above-mentioned mixed phases combine the positive material properties, in particular in the range of 80-100% of a bainite texture, of austenite and bainite for use in flat gaskets.
• the steel may independently contain various amounts of the alloying ingredients listed below.
• the steel contains 0.5-1.30% by weight of C, preferably 0.55-1.20% by weight of C, and more preferably 0.70-1.05% by weight of C.
• the steel contains Max. 3% by weight of Si, preferably 0.15-2.00% by weight of Si, more preferably 0.15-0.40% by weight of Si, and even more preferably 0.15-0.35% by weight of Si Si.
• Further components are max. 3.0% by weight of Mn, preferably 0.20-2.00% by weight of Mn, more preferably 0.30-1.10% by weight of Mn and even more preferably 0.30-0.90% by weight. -% Mn; Max. 0.035% by weight P, preferably max. 0.025% by weight P; Max.
• S 0.035% by weight of S, preferably max. 0.025% by weight of S; Max. 2.00% by weight Cr, preferably max. 1.60% by weight Cr, more preferably max. 1.20% by weight of Cr and even more preferably max. 0.4% by weight and 0.90-1.20% by weight Cr.
• the steel has a tensile strength R n of> 1300 MPa and a yield strength R 6 of> 1050 MPa.
• R n tensile strength
• R 6 yield strength
• the flat gasket further comprises a support layer and / or a stopper layer.
• Design and production of a support position and stopper layer are known in the art.
• a support layer or a support element can be attached at any point of the seal in different thickness and shape, whereby a flexible design and variable use of the gasket are possible.
• a stopper position (Also called "stopper") is here a deformation limiting device by which the Multenverformbaren beads are protected against excessive deformation. At the same time, such a deformation-limiting device represents a partial thickening of the flat gasket, by means of which the engine components adjoining the flat gasket are pretensioned such that the dynamic sealing gap vibration is reduced.
• Such a deformation limiting device can be produced, for example, by welding an additional ring onto one of the layers of the flat gasket or embossing elevations into one or more layers of the flat gasket.
• Such stoppers are known from the prior art, for example from US Pat. No. 5,713,580.
• DE 195 13 361 one of the beaded functional layer of spring steel adjacent carrier layer of the flat gasket is known, which is formed of a different material with lower tensile strength and higher elongation at break, and which is provided with a hem flange.
• one or more layers of the flat gasket are each provided on one or both sides with an elastomeric coating.
• this coating leads to an improved micro-seal in the area of a bead.
• this coating can also take over the additional function of corrosion protection in certain applications.
• the flat gasket comprises an elastomeric seal.
• Elastomer seals are often used to seal low pressure areas, which are generally exposed to lower thermal and mechanical stresses than the actual combustion chamber seal.
• Elastomer seals consist for example of silicones, fluorosilicone or fluoroelastomers.
• the flat gasket component provided with a bainitic microstructure has a thickness of 0.1 to 2.5 mm.
• a corrosion-resistant protective layer on the steel surface, for example for protection against coolant or steam.
• the corrosion protection for example, by means of a paint or an elastomer coating with, for example, nitrile rubber, by applying a zinc phosphate or iron-manganese phosphate conversion layer or a metallic coating with a nobler metal, such as by hot dipping in zinc or tin, or plating with zinc, tin, nickel or Aluminum done.
• Other methods of applying such protective layers are well known to those skilled in the art.
• the flat gasket according to the invention and in particular the cylinder head gasket can be used not only in the manufacture of internal combustion engines for automobiles but also in other internal combustion engines.
• the production of the flat gasket according to the invention can also be done with the same tools as for flat gaskets according to the prior art.
• a process for producing a gasket comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a steel having a chemical composition of 0.50-1.30 wt% C, max. 3.0% by weight of Si, max. 3.0% by weight of Mn, max. 0.035 wt.% P, max. 0.035 wt.% S, max.
• the strip steel contains 0.5-1.30% by weight of C, preferably 0.55-1.20% by weight of C, and more preferably 0.70-1.05% by weight of C. Further the steel contains max. 3% by weight of Si, preferably 0.15-2.00% by weight of Si, more preferably 0.15-0.40% by weight of Si, and even more preferably 0.15-0.35% by weight of Si Si. Further components are max. 3.0% by weight of Mn, preferably 0.20-2.00% by weight of Mn, more preferably 0.30-1.10% by weight of Mn and even more preferably 0.30-0.90% by weight. -% Mn; Max. 0.035% by weight P, preferably Max. 0.025% by weight P; Max. 0.035% by weight of S, preferably max. 0.025% by weight of S; Max. 2.00% by weight Cr, preferably max. 1.60% by weight Cr, more preferably max. 1.20% by weight of Cr and even more preferably max. 0.4% by weight or 0.90-1.20% by weight Cr.
• Mn preferably 0.20
• the at least one metallic base support has a material thickness of 0, 1 to 2.5 mm.
• the method comprises the step of applying a further metallic layer to step (b) or (c).
• the method comprises the step of applying a corrosion protection coating after step (c) or (d) or (e).
• the method comprises the step of applying a deformation limiter and / or molding an elastomeric seal after step (e).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Gasket Seals (AREA)
• Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

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Publications (1)

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• 2007
  • 2007-12-19 DE DE102007061084A patent/DE102007061084A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2008
  • 2008-09-04 US US12/809,732 patent/US20110024991A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2008-09-04 WO PCT/EP2008/007256 patent/WO2009077017A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2008-09-04 EP EP08801851A patent/EP2220409A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-09-04 CN CN2008801212838A patent/CN101918741A/zh active Pending
  • 2008-09-04 JP JP2010538373A patent/JP2011506886A/ja not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-11-11 JP JP2013233305A patent/JP2014059062A/ja active Pending

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