WO2008149753A1 - 加湿器及び燃料電池システム - Google Patents
加湿器及び燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008149753A1 WO2008149753A1 PCT/JP2008/059850 JP2008059850W WO2008149753A1 WO 2008149753 A1 WO2008149753 A1 WO 2008149753A1 JP 2008059850 W JP2008059850 W JP 2008059850W WO 2008149753 A1 WO2008149753 A1 WO 2008149753A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- humidifier
- outlet
- inlet
- permeable membrane
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
- F24F6/02—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air
- F24F6/04—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air using stationary unheated wet elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04149—Humidifying by diffusion, e.g. making use of membranes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
- F24F2003/1435—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification comprising semi-permeable membrane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a humidifier and a fuel cell system, and more particularly, to a humidifier effective in improving countermeasures against freezing in winter and cold regions.
- the fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates electric power through an electrochemical reaction between fuel gas and oxidizing gas.
- the electrolyte membrane In a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, the electrolyte membrane must be maintained in a wet state in order to increase its power generation efficiency. This wet state is generally maintained by a humidifier that humidifies the fuel gas or the oxidizing gas.
- Conventional humidifiers often employ an internal humidification method in which moisture is exchanged between a high-humidity oxidizing off-gas and a low-humidity oxidizing gas.
- the reason why the oxidizing off gas is higher than that of the oxidizing gas is that the oxidizing off gas discharged from the air electrode of the fuel cell contains water generated by the electrochemical reaction.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 20 045 4 4 6 6 5 discloses an internal humidification type humidifier in which a hollow fiber membrane having water vapor permeability is provided inside the case.
- an oxidizing gas inlet and outlet are formed at the upper part of the case, and an oxidizing off gas inlet and outlet are formed at both sides of the case.
- an oxidizing gas and an oxidizing gas are introduced into the case, and each circulates outside and inside the hollow fiber membrane.
- moisture is absorbed from the high-humidity oxidizing off gas into the hollow fiber membrane, and the moisture moves through the membrane to the low-humidity oxidizing gas by capillary action, so that the oxidizing gas is replenished with moisture. Disclosure of the invention
- the fuel cell system may be used in a low temperature environment such as a winter or a cold region.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2 045 4 4 6 6 5 does not disclose any countermeasure against freezing in a humidifier. Therefore, the following problems may occur.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a humidifier and a fuel cell system that can suppress damage to the water vapor permeable membrane at low temperatures.
- a humidifier according to the present invention includes a water vapor permeable membrane therein, and introduces a first gas and a second gas having a higher humidity than the inside through the water vapor permeable membrane. Then humidify the first gas with the second gas.
- the humidifier has an inlet and an outlet for the first gas and the second gas, respectively, communicating with the inside. Then, at least one of the following (a) and (b) is satisfied, preferably both are satisfied.
- the first gas inlet is positioned higher than the first gas outlet.
- a fuel cell system of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a fuel cell that generates electric power by an electrochemical reaction between an oxidizing gas and a fuel gas, and is supplied to the fuel cell using the humidifier of the present invention. It humidifies at least one of oxidizing gas and fuel gas.
- the portion where the moisture contained in the first gas and Z or the second gas is condensed and accumulated, and the portion where the condensed water becomes ice at a low temperature (for example, at 0 ° C.) It can be the lower outlet side, not the side, and the downstream side of the first gas and the Z or second gas.
- the fuel cell system to which the humidifier of the present invention is applied can improve its low-temperature startability.
- the position of the water vapor permeable membrane is lower than the first gas inlet and higher than the first gas outlet. According to a preferred embodiment, the position of the water vapor permeable membrane is preferably lower than the second gas inlet and higher than the second gas outlet.
- At least part of the first gas inlet is higher than the upper limit position of the water vapor permeable membrane, and at least part of the first gas outlet is lower than the lower limit position of the water vapor permeable membrane. Is also good. Further, at least a part of the inlet for the second gas should be higher than the upper limit position of the water vapor permeable membrane, and at least a part of the outlet for the second gas should be lower than the lower limit position of the water vapor permeable film. .
- the water vapor permeable membrane either a flat membrane or a hollow fiber membrane can be employed.
- the water vapor permeable membrane is a hollow fiber membrane
- the first gas may flow outside the hollow fiber membrane
- the second gas may flow inside the hollow fiber membrane.
- the humidifier is connected to the first gas so as to communicate with the inside thereof.
- a pipe through which gas or second gas flows may be connected.
- the piping should be provided with a valve having a valve body positioned higher in the direction of gravity than the humidifier.
- the water condensed in the humidifier can be prevented from accumulating in the valve body.
- the occurrence of valve malfunction due to freezing can be suppressed.
- the humidifier comprises a case in which an inlet and an outlet for the first gas and the second gas are formed, respectively, and a water vapor permeable membrane is provided therein.
- another humidifier includes a case in which a first gas and a second gas having a higher humidity than the first gas are introduced into the inside and discharged to the outside, and the case is provided in the case.
- the first gas is humidified with the second gas through the water vapor permeable membrane.
- the case is configured such that the flow of at least one of the first gas and the second gas in the case changes from a high level to a low level in the direction of gravity.
- the condensed water or the portion where it becomes ice can be at a lower position in the case and downstream of the first gas and the second or second gas.
- the condensed water or ice can be suppressed from flowing toward the water vapor permeable membrane. Therefore, damage to the water vapor permeable membrane can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fuel cell system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the humidifier of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a front sectional view showing the inside of the humidifier of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the hollow fiber membrane of the humidifier of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a part of the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a first example of the layout of the humidifier and the valve of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second example of the layout of the humidifier and the valve of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a third example of the layout of the humidifier and the valve according to the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 1 includes a fuel cell 2, an oxidizing gas piping system 3, a fuel gas piping system 4, a refrigerant piping system 5, and a control device 7.
- the fuel cell system 1 can be mounted on a vehicle, but of course can be applied not only to the vehicle but also to various types of moving bodies (for example, ships, airplanes, robots, etc.) and stationary power sources.
- the fuel cell 2 has a stack structure in which a large number of single cells are stacked.
- a solid polymer electrolyte type single cell has an air electrode on one surface of the electrolyte, a fuel electrode on the other surface, and a pair of separators so that the air electrode and the fuel electrode are sandwiched from both sides.
- the oxidizing gas is supplied to the oxidizing gas channel 2a of one separator, and the fuel gas is supplied to the fuel gas channel 2b of the other separator.
- the fuel cell 2 generates electric power by the electrochemical reaction of the supplied fuel gas and oxidizing gas. Further, due to the electrochemical reaction, the fuel cell 2 generates heat and generates water on the air electrode side.
- the temperature of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell 2 is approximately 60 to 80 ° C.
- the oxidizing gas piping system 3 has a supply path 1 1 and a discharge path 1 2.
- Supply channel 1 to 1 The oxidizing gas supplied to the oxidizing gas channel 2a flows.
- the discharge path 1 2 the oxidizing off gas discharged from the oxidation gas flow path 2 a flows.
- Oxidizing off-gas is in a highly humid state because it contains moisture generated by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell 2.
- the compressor 14 is provided in the supply passage 11, takes in outside air as an oxidizing gas via the air cleaner 13, and pumps it to the fuel cell 2. Moisture exchange is performed between the oxidizing gas sent by pressure and the oxidizing off-gas by a humidifier 15, and the humidified gas is appropriately humidified.
- the air pressure regulating valve 16 is arranged near the air electrode outlet in the discharge path 12 and adjusts the back pressure on the air electrode side.
- the bypass path 17 connects the supply path 11 and the discharge path 12 so that the oxidizing gas flows through the fuel cell 2.
- the bypass path 17 is connected to the supply path 11 at a connection point B on the upstream side of the humidifier 15, and is connected to the discharge path 12 at a connection portion C on the downstream side of the calorific humidifier 15.
- the oxidizing off gas passes through a muffler (not shown) and is finally exhausted into the atmosphere outside the system as exhaust gas.
- By opening the bypass valve 18 provided in the bypass passage 17 a part of the oxidation gas is diverted to the bypass passage 17 and led to the muffler.
- By-passing oxidant gas dilutes the so-called bombing hydrogen that is discharged to discharge path 12 during low-efficiency operation.
- the fuel gas piping system 4 supplies and discharges hydrogen gas as fuel gas to and from the fuel cell 2.
- the fuel gas piping system 4 has a hydrogen supply source 2 1, a supply path 2 2, a circulation path 2 3, a pump 2 4 and a purge path 2 5.
- the hydrogen gas flows out from the hydrogen supply source 21 to the supply path 2 2 by opening the main valve 26, and is supplied to the fuel gas path 2b through the regulator 27 and the shutoff valve 28. Thereafter, the hydrogen gas is discharged from the fuel gas passage 2 b to the circulation passage 23 as hydrogen off gas.
- the hydrogen off-gas is returned to the junction A between the circulation path 2 3 and the supply path 2 2 by the pump 24, and is supplied again to the fuel gas path 2b.
- a part of the hydrogen off-gas is discharged from the circulation path 23 to the purge path 25 by appropriately opening the purge valve 33, and a hydrogen diluter (not shown) is connected. After that, it is discharged to the outside.
- the refrigerant piping system 5 circulates a refrigerant (for example, cooling water) through the cooling flow path 2 c in the fuel cell 2 to keep the fuel cell 2 at a predetermined operating temperature.
- the coolant channel 41 that circulates the coolant between the fuel cell 2 and the radiator 43 communicates with the cooling channel 2 c.
- the refrigerant is pumped to the cooling flow path 2 c by the cooling pump 42, discharged from the cooling flow path 2 c, and then cooled by the radiator 43.
- the bypass flow path 44 is connected to the refrigerant flow path 41 so that the refrigerant flows bypassing the radiator 43.
- the switching valve 45 is a control valve that sets the refrigerant flow between the radiator 43 and the bypass passage 44.
- the control device 7 is configured as a microcomputer having a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM inside, and performs overall control of the system 1.
- the CPU performs various operations and controls by executing desired operations according to the control program.
- the ROM stores control programs and control data processed by the CPU.
- the RAM is mainly used as various work areas for control processing.
- the control device 7 inputs detection signals from various sensors such as a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, and outputs a control signal to each component.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the humidifier 15, and FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view showing the inside of the humidifier 15.
- the humidifier 15 uses an internal humidification method to humidify the low-humidity oxidizing gas with the high-humidity oxidizing off-gas.
- the humidifier 15 has a box-shaped case 71.
- Front of case 7 1 7 1 a has oxidizing gas inlet piping 1 1 IN and outlet piping 1 1 1
- An inlet 7 2 ⁇ and an outlet 7 2 OUT for connecting ⁇ are formed.
- Also, on the front 7 1 a is an oxidation off-gas inlet pipe 1 2 IN and an outlet pipe 1 2.
- Inlet 7 3 ⁇ and outlet 7 3 for connecting ⁇ respectively. ⁇ is formed.
- Inlet 7 2 ⁇ and 7 3 ⁇ the case the oxidizing gas and the oxidizing off gas, respectively 7
- Outlets 72 OUT and 73 ⁇ are for exhausting oxidizing gas and oxidizing off-gas from the inside of case 71 to the outside, respectively.
- ⁇ means a portion that communicates the inside and the outside of the case 71 and can be referred to as a connection portion, a communication portion, or an opening portion with a pipe outside the case 71. Note that the four portions shown by the circular dotted lines in FIG. 3 correspond to the inlets 72, ⁇ , 73 ⁇ and the outlets 72 OUT , 73 OUT , respectively.
- the inlet pipe 1 1 ⁇ and the outlet pipe 1 1 ⁇ communicate with each other through the inside of the case 7 1 to constitute the above supply path 1 1.
- One end of the inlet pipe 1 1 ⁇ is connected to the inlet 72 ⁇ and introduces oxidizing gas into the case 71.
- Outlet piping 1 1. ⁇ has an outlet 72 at one end. The other end is connected to the fuel cell 2, and the oxidizing gas humidified in the calorific humidifier 15 is discharged out of the case 71 and supplied to the fuel cell 2.
- the inlet pipe 1 2 ⁇ and the outlet pipe 1 2 OUT communicate with each other through the inside of the case 7 1 to constitute the above discharge path 1 2.
- the inlet pipe 1 2 ⁇ ⁇ has one end connected to the inlet 73 ⁇ ⁇ and the other end connected to the fuel cell 2, and introduces the oxidizing off gas discharged from the fuel cell 2 into the case 71 .
- One end of the outlet pipe 1 2 ⁇ is connected to the outlet 73 ⁇ , and exhausts the oxidizing off gas used for humidification out of the case 71 .
- a bundle of hollow fiber membranes 8 1 (hereinafter referred to as “hollow fiber membrane bundle 8 1”) is provided in the case 71.
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 is a bundle of many known hollow fiber membranes 82 having an inner diameter of, for example, about several hundreds of meters.
- the hollow fiber membrane 82 is a filter member having water vapor permeability, and desirably has a characteristic of allowing only water vapor to pass therethrough.
- the oxidizing gas flows to the outside, and the oxidizing off gas flows to the inside (hollow portion).
- the moisture of the high-humidity oxidizing off gas is hollow It is absorbed by the thread membrane 82, sucked up to the outer periphery by capillary action, and moves to the low-humidity oxidizing gas that passes through the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane 82.
- the oxidizing gas is humidified.
- the oxidizing off gas may be circulated on the outer side of the hollow fiber membrane 82 and the oxidizing gas may be circulated on the inner side.
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 is accommodated in a housing 83 surrounding the periphery.
- the housing 83 has a cylindrical shape whose both ends in the longitudinal direction (horizontal direction) are open, and extends in the horizontal direction with the same length as the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81.
- the housing 83 is housed in the case 71 in a state where the outer wall and the case 71 are sealed with a plurality of O-rings 84.
- On the peripheral wall of the housing 83 there are 85 IN holes for introducing oxidizing gas and 85 holes for discharging oxidizing gas. ⁇ is formed. Holes 85 Iotanyu and hole 85 OUT, respectively, inlets 72 Iotanyu and the outlet 72.
- One or more are formed in the circumferential direction at positions in the longitudinal direction corresponding to ⁇ .
- a gap between the hollow fiber membranes 82 and 82 and a gap between the hollow fiber membrane 82 and the inner wall of the housing 83 are hermetically and liquid-tightly sealed.
- a potting portion 88 is formed.
- the potting portion 88 is formed, for example, by potting an adhesive, and fixes the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 to both ends of the housing 83.
- the oxidizing off-gas flowing through the hollow part of the hollow fiber membrane 82 and the oxidizing gas flowing outside the hollow fiber membrane 82 are not in direct contact with each other in the housing 83, and moisture exchange between the two gases is performed by the hollow fiber membrane. Will be done via 82.
- Inlet 72 Iotanyu for oxidizing gas is located in the high gravity direction than the outlet 72 OUT, located a hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 between the inlet 72 Iotanyu and outlet 72 OUT.
- the inlet 73 Iotanyu for oxidizing off gas is position to higher gravity direction than the outlet 73 OUT, located a hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 between the inlet 73 Iotanyu and outlet 73 OUT. Even when the humidifier 15 is mounted on a moving body such as a vehicle, It may be a positional relationship.
- Oxidizing gas is introduced into the case 7 1 from the inlet 7 2 IN , and then introduced into the housing 8 3 through the hole 85 5 IN.
- the gap between the housing 8 3 and the hollow fiber membrane 8 2 and the hollow fiber It flows through the gap between the membranes 8 2 and 8 2.
- the oxidizing gas humidified by the hollow fiber membrane 8 2 is a hole 85. ⁇ It is discharged out of the housing 83 via ⁇ , and finally discharged from the outlet 7 2 OUT to the outside of the case 71 .
- oxidant gas flows from inlet 7 2 ⁇ to outlet 7 2. Flows from high to low in the direction of gravity over ⁇ .
- the oxidizing off-gas is introduced into the case 71 from the inlet 73 ⁇ ⁇ , then flows obliquely downward on the outside of the housing 83, and then flows into the inside from one end of each hollow fiber membrane 82. . Then, the oxidizing off gas flows horizontally from one end to the other end '(in FIG. 3, from the right end to the left end) of each hollow fiber membrane 82, while moisture is taken away by the hollow fiber membrane 8 2. Thereafter, the oxidizing off gas flows out from the other end of each hollow fiber membrane 82, flows obliquely downward on the outside of the housing 83, and finally exits 73. ⁇ discharged from Case 7 1 out of ⁇ . In this series of flows, oxidizing off-gas flows from inlet 7 3 ⁇ ⁇ to outlet 7 3. Flows from high to low in the direction of gravity over ⁇ .
- Case 71 is devised so that the moisture contained in the oxidation off gas does not collect easily.
- the box shape of the case 71 includes a top wall 91, a bottom wall 92, and a pair of side walls 9 3 and 94, and has a shape close to point symmetry.
- the side wall 9 3 includes a vertical wall 10 1 that extends downward from the top wall 9 1, a lead straight wall 1 0 2 that continues from the bottom wall 9 2, and a vertical wall 1 0 1 and 1 0 2 A curved wall 10 3 that protrudes outward and extends.
- Inlet 7 3 ⁇ ⁇ is located at the upper inner side of curved wall 10 3, and inner wall 1 0 3 a of curved wall 10 3 is located below inlet 7 3 ⁇ ⁇ is doing.
- the lower end of the inner wall 1 0 3 a continues to the vertical wall 1 0 2 without passing through the horizontal portion. With such a configuration, even if water adheres to the inner wall 10 03a, the water falls down along the inner wall 10 3a and does not collect at the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81. 7 3. It moves to ⁇ .
- the side wall 94 includes a vertical wall 1 1 1 that continues from the top wall 9 1 to the lower side, a vertical wall 1 1 2 that continues from the bottom wall 9 2 to the upper side, and a vertical wall 1 1 1, 1 1 2, and a curved wall 1 1 3 protruding outward and extending.
- Curved wall 1 1 3 3 Exit at the bottom inside 7 3. ⁇ is located, exit 7 3.
- the inner wall 1 1 3 a of the curved wall 1 1 3 located above ⁇ is inclined outwardly downward.
- the height levels of the oxidizing gas inlet 7 2 IN , the hollow fiber membrane bundle 8 1, and the outlet 7 2 OUT are in this order.
- the inlet 7 3 ⁇ oxidation off gas, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81, and in the order of the outlet 7 3 ⁇ located high in the gravity direction.
- this water is unlikely to accumulate on the inlet 7 3 ⁇ side, and the outlet 7 3. It starts to accumulate on the ⁇ side.
- the oxidizing gas and the oxidizing off-gas introduced into the case 71 can be prevented from flying ice and condensed water toward the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81. Damage to the membrane bundle 8 1 can be suppressed.
- condensed water accumulates on the outlet 7 2 OUT and outlet 7 3 OUT sides, so that freezing of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 can be suppressed.
- freezing of the humidifier 15 can be suppressed, so that the low temperature startability of the fuel cell system 1 can be improved.
- the above embodiment is an example for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this, and can be appropriately modified without departing from the gist thereof.
- the humidifier 15 may humidify the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell 2.
- the humidified dry gas (first gas) is an oxidizing gas or a fuel gas
- the humid gas (second gas) used for humidifying is not limited to the oxidizing off gas or the fuel off gas. It may be an unrelated gas.
- the gas flowing inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane 82 is a combination of the inflow gas to the humidifier 15 and the outflow gas from the humidifier 15, whichever is inside the hollow fiber membrane 8 2 May be flushed.
- the whole part of the inlet 7 2 IN and the whole part of the inlet 7 3 IN may be higher than the hollow fiber membrane bundle 8 1, and similarly, the outlet 7 2.
- the whole part of ⁇ may not be lower than the hollow fiber membrane bundle 8 1.
- sites highest order that the position of the inlet 7 2 iota New is the upper limit position 1 2 1 of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 may be higher than ie highest order position, the inlet 7 2 iota some of ⁇ is good even lower than the upper limit position 1 2 1 hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 Rere. This is the same for the entrance 7 3 ⁇ ⁇ .
- the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 of the lower limit position 1 2 i.e. may be lower than the lowest-order position, a portion of the outlet 7 2 o upsilon tau, the hollow fiber membrane bundle 8 1 Lower limit position 1 2 Can be higher than 2. The same applies to exit 7 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ . Even with such a configuration, freezing of the hollow fiber membrane bundle 81 can be suppressed.
- the arrangement is such that the height level is reversed for one of the inlets and outlets of the oxidizing gas and the oxidizing off-gas, such as placing it at a position lower than ⁇ and placing the oxidizing off-gas inlet 7 3 ⁇ ⁇ higher than the outlet 7 3 OU T. May be.
- the hollow fiber membrane 82 is used as the water vapor permeable membrane, a flat membrane type may be used instead.
- the second embodiment of the present invention will be described focusing on the differences.
- the difference from the first embodiment is that the positional relationship between the valve disposed around the humidifier 15 and the humidifier 15 is defined.
- the shut -off valves 20 1 and 202 are provided in the outlet pipe 1 1 ⁇ and the inlet pipe 1 2 IN , respectively. Further, the bypass valve 18 described above is provided in the bypass passage 17 connecting the inlet pipe 1 1 IN and the outlet pipe 12 ⁇ . Outlet piping 1 2. A hydrogen diluter 203 and a muffler 204 are provided downstream of ⁇ . The air cleaner 13 and the air pressure regulating valve 16 in the fuel cell system 1 of the first embodiment are not shown.
- the shut valve 201, the shut valve 202, and the bypass valve 18 are arranged such that each valve body is higher in the direction of gravity than the outlet 72 OUT , the inlet 73 ⁇ , and the outlet 73 ⁇ .
- the relationship between the height position of the valve body of the shut valve 201 and the outlet 72 ⁇ will be described as an example, but it goes without saying that the same applies to the shunt valve 202 and the bypass valve 18.
- the configuration of the humidifier 15 is omitted.
- one end of the hose 210 that forms part of the outlet pipe 1 1 ⁇ is the outlet 72.
- the other end is connected to the outlet 220 of the shut valve 201 .
- Hose 210 is at outlet 72. Bend upward from ⁇ to outlet 220.
- the shut valve 201 is composed of, for example, an electromagnetic valve, and the valve body 221 moves in the horizontal direction by the electromagnetic force to open and close the outlet 220.
- Valve body 2 2 1 is located at the same height level as outlet 220, outlet 72. It is higher than ⁇ .
- the outlet 72 OUT Even if water accumulates on the side (the inner lower portion of the curved wall 1 1 3 described above), this water can be prevented from reaching the valve body 2 2 1 via the hose 2 1 0. As a result, even if the outside air temperature falls below the freezing temperature of water (for example, 0 ° C.), it is possible to prevent the valve body 2 2 1 from adhering to cause malfunction.
- the layout shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8 may be adopted.
- the hose 2 10 may have a portion 2 30 located below the outlet 7 2 OUT and the outlet 2 2 0.
- the outlet 7 2 by providing the hose 2 1 0 with the lowest part 2 3 0 in the direction of gravity, the outlet 7 2.
- the water discharged from ⁇ ⁇ becomes accumulated in the part 2 3 0.
- valve body 2 2 1 is the outlet 7 2. If located below or at the same height as ⁇ , exit 72, similar to the layout shown in Figure 7. ⁇ Select the part 2 4 0 located below the ⁇ and the outlet 2 2 0 to the hose. 2 1 0. Again, exit 7 2. The water discharged from ⁇ ⁇ starts to accumulate in the region 2 40.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Humidification (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2008800190812A CN101680671B (zh) | 2007-06-07 | 2008-05-22 | 加湿器和燃料电池系统 |
EP08764819.2A EP2157379B1 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2008-05-22 | Humidifier and fuel cell system |
US12/600,698 US9118046B2 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2008-05-22 | Humidifier and fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007151304A JP4386099B2 (ja) | 2007-06-07 | 2007-06-07 | 加湿器及び燃料電池システム |
JP2007-151304 | 2007-06-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008149753A1 true WO2008149753A1 (ja) | 2008-12-11 |
Family
ID=40093572
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2008/059850 WO2008149753A1 (ja) | 2007-06-07 | 2008-05-22 | 加湿器及び燃料電池システム |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9118046B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2157379B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4386099B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101076719B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101680671B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008149753A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4530176B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-26 | 2010-08-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池車両 |
JP5383737B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-08 | 2014-01-08 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその発電停止方法 |
CN103843182B (zh) * | 2011-10-03 | 2016-11-23 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统的控制装置 |
KR101449115B1 (ko) | 2012-08-22 | 2014-10-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 구조물 적용 연료전지용 막 가습기 |
DE102012022206A1 (de) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-15 | Daimler Ag | Befeuchtereinrichtung für ein Brennstoffzellensystem |
KR101405689B1 (ko) * | 2013-04-10 | 2014-06-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 가습장치 |
DE102013223562A1 (de) | 2013-11-19 | 2015-05-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zur Abtrennung von Wasser aus einem Wasser enthaltenden Fluidstrom |
FR3024533B1 (fr) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-08-26 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Echangeur enthalpique ameliore |
JP6355478B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-21 | 2018-07-11 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
KR101755891B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-07-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 가습기 |
KR101887744B1 (ko) | 2016-04-26 | 2018-08-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 가습기 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 시스템 |
KR101866045B1 (ko) | 2016-08-17 | 2018-06-11 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템 및 그 제어 방법 |
KR101896323B1 (ko) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-09-07 | 현대자동차 주식회사 | 연료전지용 가습기 |
CN111740133A (zh) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-02 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 加湿器模块、空气供应系统及燃料电池车辆 |
KR20230022641A (ko) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-02-16 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 연료전지 시스템 및 배기가스 처리장치 |
KR102447975B1 (ko) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-09-27 | 주식회사 디에스필터 | 연료전지용 막가습기 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008304114A (ja) | 2008-12-18 |
CN101680671B (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
KR101076719B1 (ko) | 2011-10-26 |
CN101680671A (zh) | 2010-03-24 |
US20100151337A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
EP2157379B1 (en) | 2014-08-27 |
US9118046B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
JP4386099B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 |
EP2157379A4 (en) | 2012-01-11 |
KR20100002303A (ko) | 2010-01-06 |
EP2157379A1 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
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