WO2008075537A1 - 電極構造体およびバンプ形成方法 - Google Patents
電極構造体およびバンプ形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008075537A1 WO2008075537A1 PCT/JP2007/072795 JP2007072795W WO2008075537A1 WO 2008075537 A1 WO2008075537 A1 WO 2008075537A1 JP 2007072795 W JP2007072795 W JP 2007072795W WO 2008075537 A1 WO2008075537 A1 WO 2008075537A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrode
- fluid
- electrode pattern
- conductive particles
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- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/14—Integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/151—Die mounting substrate
- H01L2924/156—Material
- H01L2924/15786—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a non metallic, non metalloid inorganic material
- H01L2924/15787—Ceramics, e.g. crystalline carbides, nitrides or oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/151—Die mounting substrate
- H01L2924/156—Material
- H01L2924/15786—Material with a principal constituent of the material being a non metallic, non metalloid inorganic material
- H01L2924/15788—Glasses, e.g. amorphous oxides, nitrides or fluorides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
- H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
- H05K2201/0335—Layered conductors or foils
- H05K2201/0338—Layered conductor, e.g. layered metal substrate, layered finish layer or layered thin film adhesion layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/04—Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
- H05K2203/0425—Solder powder or solder coated metal powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/04—Soldering or other types of metallurgic bonding
- H05K2203/043—Reflowing of solder coated conductors, not during connection of components, e.g. reflowing solder paste
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/08—Treatments involving gases
- H05K2203/083—Evaporation or sublimation of a compound, e.g. gas bubble generating agent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/08—Treatments involving gases
- H05K2203/087—Using a reactive gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3489—Composition of fluxes; Methods of application thereof; Other methods of activating the contact surfaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49128—Assembling formed circuit to base
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/4913—Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc.
- Y10T29/49144—Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc. by metal fusion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49147—Assembling terminal to base
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49124—On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
- Y10T29/49155—Manufacturing circuit on or in base
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode structure on which solder bumps are placed and a method for forming bumps on the electrode structure.
- solder paste method made of a mixture of solder powder and flux is applied onto a substrate with electrodes formed on the surface, and the substrate is heated to melt the solder powder and onto the highly wettable electrode. Selectively forming solder bumps
- a technique called a super solder method is a paste-like composition (chemical reaction precipitation) containing organic acid lead salt and metallic tin as main components.
- the mold solder is solid-coated on the substrate on which the electrode is formed, and the substrate is heated to cause a substitution reaction between Pb and Sn, and the Pb / Sn alloy is selectively deposited on the substrate electrode. Is.
- a technique called a super just method immerses a substrate having an electrode formed on the surface thereof in a drug, and forms an adhesive film only on the electrode surface. After that, solder powder is brought into contact with the adhesive film to adhere the solder powder onto the electrode, and then the substrate is heated to selectively form molten solder on the electrode.
- solder paste method described above was originally developed as a technique for selectively pre-coating solder on the electrodes formed on the substrate. In order to apply to the bump formation necessary for flip chip mounting, There are the following problems.
- the chemical reaction deposition type solder material used in the Super Solder method uses a specific chemical reaction, so the degree of freedom in selecting the solder composition is low. There are still challenges.
- the solder powder is uniformly deposited on the electrode, so that uniform solder bumps can be obtained and the degree of freedom in selecting the solder composition is large. It is excellent in that it is easy to cope with conversion.
- a process that selectively forms an adhesive film on the electrode surface is indispensable. In this process, a special chemical treatment using a chemical reaction must be performed. The process becomes more complex and leads to higher costs, leaving issues for application to mass production processes.
- the bump formation technique has a problem with a newly developed technique that is not limited to a popular technique such as a plating method or a screen printing method. The present inventor considered that development of a new bump formation method would ultimately lead to a high-potential technology without being constrained by existing bump formation technology, and repeated research and development.
- the present invention has been made in view of power and advantages, and a main object thereof is to provide a bump forming method excellent in productivity. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrode structure suitable for such a bump forming method.
- the electrode structure of the present invention is an electrode structure on which solder bumps are placed, and includes Cu, Al,
- An electrode pattern made of an electrode constituent material selected from the group consisting of Cr and Ti, a Ni layer formed on a part of the electrode pattern, and at least a part of a region other than the part on the electrode pattern And a Ni layer and an Au layer formed on the Pd layer.
- the Ni layer is formed in a central portion on the electrode pattern, while the Pd layer is formed on the electrode pattern so as to cover the periphery of the Ni layer. Has been.
- the electrode structure of the present invention is an electrode structure on which solder bumps are placed, and an electrode pattern made of an electrode constituent material selected from the group consisting of Cu, Al, Cr, and Ti; A Ni layer formed on at least a part of the electrode pattern; a Pd layer covering the Ni layer; and an Au layer covering the Pd layer.
- the Ni layer is disposed at a central portion on the electrode pattern.
- the electrode structure of the present invention is an electrode structure on which solder bumps are placed, and an electrode pattern made of an electrode constituent material selected from the group consisting of Cu, Al, Cr, and Ti; A Pd layer formed on the electrode pattern and an Au layer formed on the Pd layer are provided.
- the electrode pattern is arranged on a glass substrate or a resin substrate.
- the bump forming method of the present invention includes a step (a) of supplying a fluid containing conductive particles and a bubble generating agent on an electrode pattern when forming the bump on the electrode pattern of the substrate.
- a metal that is absorbed by the self-assembled conductive particles at the time of remelting is applied on the electrode pattern.
- the bump forming method of the present invention includes a step of supplying a fluid containing conductive particles and a bubble generating agent on the electrode structure when forming the bump on the electrode structure (a And a step (b) of disposing a plate member on the electrode structure via the fluid, and heating the fluid to generate bubbles from the bubble generating agent to generate the conductive particles.
- (d) curing step is supplying a fluid containing conductive particles and a bubble generating agent on the electrode structure when forming the bump on the electrode structure.
- the method further includes a step of removing the plate-like member.
- the bubble generating agent contained in the fluid in the step (a) is a material that boils when the fluid in the step (c) is heated, Or it consists of the material which generate
- the fluid supplied onto the substrate performs heating in a state where the plate-like member is brought into contact therewith.
- a gap is provided between the electrode pattern formed on the substrate and the plate member.
- the gap is wider than the particle diameter of the conductive particles!
- the fluid in the step (c), is heated while pressing the fluid while maintaining a certain gap by applying a certain pressure to the plate-like member.
- the bubbles generated from the bubble generating agent are discharged to the outside from a peripheral portion of a gap provided between the plate-like member and the substrate. .
- the bump forming method of the present invention includes an electrode pattern made of an electrode constituent material selected from the group consisting of Cu, Al, Cr and Ti, a Pd layer formed on the electrode pattern, and 6.
- the electrode structure contains conductive particles and a bubble generating agent.
- (d) curing step is supplying a fluid (a), a step of arranging a plate-like member on the electrode structure via the fluid (b), and heating the fluid to form bubbles from the bubble generating agent.
- the size of the gap between the plate member and the substrate is varied during the heating step.
- a fluid containing conductive particles and a bubble generating agent is supplied onto a region including an electrode in the wiring substrate, and then the wiring substrate is formed via the fluid.
- a plate-like member is arranged on the top, and then the fluid is heated to generate bubbles from the bubble generating agent contained in the fluid, and the conductive particles are self-assembled on the electrode by the bubbles. Thereafter, the self-assembled conductive particles are remelted.
- the self-assembled conductive particles can absorb and alloy the metal, and as a result, the bump height can be increased.
- the conductive particles can be self-assembled on the electrode, so that bumps can be formed with high productivity.
- the Ni layer is formed on at least a part of the electrode pattern made of the electrode constituent material, the Pd layer covering the Ni layer, the Au layer covering the Pd layer, Formed Therefore, self-assembled conductive particles can absorb and alloy Pd and AU, and as a result, the bump height of the solder bump made of self-assembled conductive particles can be increased.
- FIG. 1 Cross-sectional process diagram of bump formation method using self-assembly of resin
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrode structure 100 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a state after bumps are formed using the electrode structure 100 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a process sectional view showing a bump forming method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a process cross-sectional view of a manufacturing method of an electrode structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a process cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing an electrode structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a process cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing an electrode structure 100 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of an electrode structure 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention and a configuration diagram after bump formation.
- FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of an electrode structure 400 according to another embodiment of the present invention and a configuration diagram after bump formation.
- FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of an electrode structure 500 according to another embodiment of the present invention, a configuration diagram in the middle of bump formation, and a configuration diagram after bump formation
- FIG. 14 is a process sectional view showing a bump forming method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a bump forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the applicant of the present invention is a method of forming bumps by self-assembling conductive particles (for example, solder powder) on an electrode such as a wiring board or a semiconductor chip, or conducting between a wiring board and an electrode of a semiconductor chip.
- Self-assembled conductive particles to form a connection between the electrodes Various methods have been studied, and new bump formation and flip chip mounting methods have been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-257206 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-100775), Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-365684). (Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-548871), Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-094232 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-510386)). These patent applications are incorporated herein by reference.
- FIGS. L (a) to (d) and FIGS. 2 (a) to (d) are diagrams showing basic steps of the bump forming method disclosed by the present applicant in the specification of the above patent application. .
- a fluid 14 containing conductive particles 16 and a bubble generating agent (not shown) is supplied onto a substrate 31 having a plurality of electrodes 32.
- the conductive particles are rice flour.
- the fluid 14 is a resin.
- a flat plate-like member 40 is disposed on the surface of the fluid 14.
- the extruded fluid 14 self-assembles in a columnar shape at the interface between the substrate 31 and the electrode 32 and the interface with the plate member 40.
- the fluid 14 is further heated, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the solder powder 16 contained in the fluid 14 is melted, and the solder contained in the resin 14 self-assembled on the electrode 32 is melted. Powder 16 is melt-bonded together.
- the electrode 32 Since the electrode 32 has high wettability to the melt-bonded solder powder 16, a solder bump 19 made of melted solder powder is formed on the electrode 32 as shown in FIG. 2 (c). Finally, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), by removing the fluid 14 and the plate-like member 40, the substrate 31 having the solder bump 19 formed on the electrode 32 is obtained.
- a feature of this method is that the fluid 14 supplied to the gap between the substrate 31 and the plate-like member 40 is heated to generate bubbles 30 from the bubble generating agent, and the bubbles 30 grow and flow.
- the fluid 14 is self-assembled between the electrode 32 of the substrate 31 and the plate member 40 by pushing the body 14 out of the bubbles.
- FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram showing a state in which the fluid 14 is pushed onto the electrode 32 of the substrate 31 by the grown bubbles (not shown).
- the fluid 14 in contact with the electrode 32 has an interfacial tension at the interface (a force caused by the so-called spreading of the resin) Fs because the viscosity 14] of the fluid 14 and the stress F 7] generated by the fluid 14 are larger. Then, it spreads over the entire surface of the electrode 32 and is finally formed between the columnar fluid 14 force electrode 32 and the plate member 40 with the end of the electrode 32 as a boundary.
- the self-assembled fluid 14 can maintain a certain shape depends on the area S of the electrode 32 and the distance between the electrode 32 and the plate-like member 40 in addition to the interfacial tension Fs. L and the viscosity of fluid 14 7]. Assuming that T is a standard for maintaining the fluid 14 in a certain shape, it is qualitatively considered that the following relationship holds.
- T K. (S / L). N -Fs (K is a constant)
- this method utilizes self-assembly due to the interfacial tension of the fluid 14 to form the fluid 14 on the electrode 32 in a self-aligned manner. Since the electrode 32 formed on the surface of the substrate 31 is formed in a convex shape, the assembly is performed on the electrode 32 narrowing in the gap formed between the substrate 31 and the plate-like member 40. It can be said that it uses the phenomenon that occurs.
- the solder powder dispersed in the resin can be efficiently self-assembled on the electrode, and it has excellent uniformity and high productivity. Formation is possible.
- the solder powder dispersed in the fluid 14 can be self-assembled on the plurality of electrodes on the substrate supplied with the fluid 14 without being separated, the fluid 14 This is particularly useful when bumps are collectively formed on all the electrodes on the supplied wiring board.
- the present inventors consider that if the height of the solder bump can be easily increased in the above method, the technical value of the method can be further increased, and the method is earnestly devised.
- the present invention has been studied.
- a configuration of the electrode structure 100 used in the bump forming method of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration of the electrode structure 100 of the present embodiment.
- the electrode structure 100 is an electrode structure on which solder bumps are placed, and the electrode structure 100 is arranged on the substrate 31.
- the electrode structure 100 of the present embodiment includes an electrode pattern 50, a Ni layer 52 and a Pd layer 54 formed on the electrode pattern 50, and an Au layer 56 formed on the Ni layer and the Pd layer. It is composed of
- the electrode pattern 50 is formed on the substrate 31 and is made of an electrode constituent material (for example, Cu, Al, Cr, or Ti).
- an electrode constituent material for example, Cu, Al, Cr, or Ti.
- a suitable material can be appropriately selected according to the material of the substrate 31.
- the substrate 31 is a glass substrate, and an electrode constituent material that can be selected at this time is, for example, Cr or Ti.
- the substrate 31 is a resin substrate, it is possible to select, for example, Cu or A1 as the electrode constituent material.
- the thickness of the electrode pattern 50 of the present embodiment is 10 to 1000 ⁇ m ⁇ ).
- a Ni layer 52 is formed on at least a part of the electrode pattern 50.
- the Ni layer 52 of the present embodiment is disposed in the central portion on the electrode pattern 50.
- the Ni layer 52 is a metal layer that is unlikely to be dissolved (re, soaked or eaten) into conductive particles (for example, solder powder) melted during the heat of calories.
- the Pd layer 54 is formed in at least a part other than a part of the region on the electrode pattern 50 on which the Ni layer is formed.
- the Pd layer 54 of the present embodiment is disposed so as to cover the periphery of the Ni layer 52 disposed at the center of the electrode pattern 50.
- the Pd layer 54 is a metal layer that is easily eroded by molten solder.
- the upper surface of the Ni layer 52 and the upper surface of the Pd layer 54 are flush with each other.
- the thicknesses of the Ni layer 52 and the Pd layer 54 are 10 to 3000 ⁇ .
- an Au layer 56 is formed on the Ni layer 52 and the Pd layer 54.
- This Au layer 56 has a role of preventing oxidation of the Ni layer 52 and the Pd layer 54 located in the lower layer when forming solder bumps. Note that the thickness of the Au layer in the present embodiment is 10 to 200111.
- FIG. 5 is a view showing a state after the solder bumps 20 are placed by the self-assembly method using the electrode structure 100 shown in FIG.
- the solder bump 20 is formed on the electrode pattern 50 through the Ni layer 52 having better wettability than the surroundings with respect to the molten solder.
- Pd and Au are metals that are easily eroded by the molten solder, so the Pd layer 54 and the Au layer 56 are absorbed by the molten solder.
- the bump height of the solder bump 20 on the electrode pattern 50 is higher than that of the solder bump 19 shown in FIG. 2 (d).
- the Ni layer 52 is formed on at least a part of the electrode pattern 50 made of the electrode constituent material, and the Pd layer 54 covering the Ni layer 52, and the Pd layer And Au layer 56 covering 54, so that self-assembled conductive particles (for example, solder powder) can absorb and alloy Pd and Au.
- self-assembled conductive particles for example, solder powder
- self-assembled conductive particles It is possible to increase the bump height of a solder bump made of a child (for example, solder powder).
- FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (e) are diagrams showing a basic process for forming the solder bump 20 by the self-assembly method using the electrode structure 100 of the present embodiment.
- Supply. Use solder powder as the conductive particles 16 in this embodiment!
- An epoxy resin is used as the fluid 14 in the present embodiment.
- the epoxy resin as the fluid 14 in addition to the solder powder (in this example, SnAgCu solder powder) as the conductive particles 16, there is a solder activator (not shown) that prevents the solder powder from being oxidized. included.
- the solder activator of this embodiment is a flux, and in this example, a rosin synthetic resin blended with an activator is used.
- the proportion of each component contained in the fluid 14 of this embodiment is 30 parts by weight of solder powder and 60 parts by weight of flux with respect to 10 parts by weight of epoxy resin.
- these ratios can be appropriately adjusted in accordance with various conditions for forming solder bumps.
- 40 parts by weight of solder powder and 50 parts by weight of flux may be used for 10 parts by weight of epoxy resin, or 60 parts by weight of solder powder with respect to 10 parts by weight of epoxy resin.
- the flux may be 30 parts by weight.
- the plate-like member 40 is disposed on the substrate 31 with the fluid 14 interposed therebetween.
- the plate-like member 40 is, for example, a glass substrate.
- a ceramic substrate or a semiconductor substrate such as a silicon substrate
- Using a translucent substrate as the plate-like member 40 has an advantage that the progress of the process and the confirmation of bump formation can be easily confirmed.
- the surface of the plate-like member 40 may be a flat surface or a surface having an uneven shape (for example, a projecting surface).
- a protruding surface is formed on the surface of the plate-like member 40 at a position facing the region to which the fluid 14 is supplied! /
- the fluid 14 is heated during heating due to the surface tension between the protruding surface. Can be kept from splashing.
- the substrate 31 and the plate-like member 40 may be arranged with a certain gap, and then the fluid 14 may be supplied into this gap.
- the gap between the substrate 31 and the plate-like member 40 is set wider than the particle size of the conductive particles 16.
- the Au layer 56 of the electrode structure 100 is eroded by the molten conductive particles 16 and is absorbed and diffused by the molten conductive particles 16 as indicated by an arrow 92.
- a solder bump 19 made of the child 16 is formed.
- the substrate 31 having the solder bumps 19 formed on the electrode pattern 50 through the Ni layer 52 and the Pd layer 54 is obtained.
- the conductive particles 16 are self-assembled, the Au layer 56 is eroded by the molten conductive particles 16, but the Pd layer 54 covered by the Au layer 56 is almost undisturbed by the molten conductive particles 16. There is no corrosion. This is because the solder activator (for example, flux) having the function as an antioxidant of the conductive particles 16 is deactivated. That is, since the solder activator is deactivated within the self-assembling time of the conductive particles 16, the molten conductive particles 16 are oxidized when the Au layer 56 is eroded, so that the dissimilar metals are not dissolved. Therefore, the Pd layer 54 formed below the Au layer is not eroded by the molten conductive particles 16. Note that the diffusion coefficient of Pd is smaller than that of Au, which is one of the reasons why the Pd layer 54 is not eroded.
- the solder activator added at the time of reheating may be the same as the solder activator added first, or may be a solder activator having different components.
- a solder activator of a different type from the solder activator added first is added, a solder activator having a configuration that makes Pd susceptible to corrosion can be appropriately selected and added.
- the molten conductive particles 16 that have absorbed and alloyed Pd are wettable with respect to the molten conductive particles 16 that pass over the electrode pattern 50 made of Cr. Collect on the Ni layer 52 better than Cr, and as a result, the second self-assembly of the conductive particles 16 is completed. That is, the solder bumps 20 made of the conductive particles 16 absorbing and alloying Au and Pd are formed on the electrode pattern 50 via the Ni layer 52. Since this solder bump 20 contains Pd, the solder bump 1 formed during the first heating shown in FIG. Bump height is higher than 9. Note that this reheating may be performed at the same temperature as the first heating! /, Higher than the first heating! /, Or at a temperature! /.
- the self-assembled conductive particles 16 can absorb and alloy metals (here, Au and Pd, particularly Pd), and as a result, the solder buns made of the conductive particles 16 can be formed.
- the height of the 20 can be increased.
- the solder bumps 20 since remelting is performed in an open state with the plate-like member 40 removed, the solder bumps 20 have a hemispherical shape, and hence the height of the solder bumps 20 can be further increased.
- the conductive particles 16 can be self-assembled on the electrode, so that the bumps can be formed with high productivity.
- by remelting the self-assembled solder bumps 19 it is possible to average (leveling) the height of the solder bumps 20 during re-formation.
- the metal that can be absorbed and alloyed by the molten conductive particles 16 is not limited to Pd or Au, but may be other metals.
- Ag may be used as the metal that is absorbed and alloyed by the molten conductive particles 16, that is, the electrode structure can be configured using an Ag layer in addition to the Pd layer.
- a region other than the electrode pattern 50 may be covered with an organic film containing Ag and the like, and the organic film force and the like can be configured to be absorbed by the conductive particles 16 in which Ag is melted.
- the metal absorbed by the molten conductive particles 16 is appropriately appropriate depending on the solubility of the metal in the molten conductive particles 16 and the diffusion coefficient of the metal in the molten conductive particles 16. Can be selected.
- the bump leveling effect due to remelting is a typical electrode structure other than the electrode structure 100 described above (for example, a single layer structure made of Cu shown by the electrode 32 in FIG. 1). You can also get the power S. In this case, the bump height can be averaged even if the effect of increasing the bump height is not obtained by remelting the bump.
- the bump whose height can be increased by using the electrode structure 100 is not limited to the bump formed by self-assembly as described above, but the bump formed by using other methods. It may be. For example, even a bump formed by a transfer method can be remelted by using the electrode structure 100 to absorb and alloy Pd in the molten conductive particles 16, and therefore can be reused. The bump height after formation can be increased. [0075] Note that the sizes and relative positional relationships of the components shown in FIGS. 6A to 6E (for example, the size of the conductive particles 16 and the distance of the gap between the substrate 31 and the plate-like member 40). Etc.) are shown for convenience of explanation and do not indicate the actual size.
- FIG. 7A shows an example of the electrode structure 300 in the case where the Pd layer is not included.
- the Ni layer 352 is disposed on the electrode pattern 350 formed on the substrate 331, and the Au layer 356 is directly formed on the Ni layer 352 without passing through the Pd layer. Yes. Even if the solder bump is formed using the electrode structure 300 that does not include the Pd layer in this way, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), the force that the thin Au layer 356 is selectively absorbed by the solder It is difficult to obtain the effect of increasing the height of 320.
- an electrode constituent material 51 (Cr in this example) constituting the electrode pattern 50 is laminated on a substrate 31 (glass substrate in this example), and a predetermined pattern is formed.
- the photoresist 60 is formed on the electrode constituent material 51.
- the photoresist 60 in the illustrated example is formed at the same position as the electrode pattern 50 to be formed next.
- the electrode constituent material 51 exposed by the etching process is removed, and then the photoresist 60 is removed, whereby an electrode pattern 50 shown in FIG. 8B is obtained.
- Ni plating treatment is applied to the entire substrate 31 using an electroless plating method.
- the reduced Ni is deposited on the thermodynamically unstable metal surface (here, since it is deposited on the electrode pattern 50, the Ni layer 53 is selectively laminated on the electrode pattern 50). Can do.
- FIG. 8 (d) shows. A Ni layer 52 is obtained.
- the top of the electrode pattern 50 is obtained as shown in FIG. 9 (a).
- the Pd layer 54 can be formed.
- the photoresist 62 functions as a mask covering the surface of the Ni layer 52,
- the Pd layer 54 is laminated on the electrode pattern 50 so as to surround the central Ni layer 52. Thereafter, the photoresist 62 is removed.
- the step of forming the Ni layer 52 on the electrode pattern 50 shown in FIGS. 8B to 8D does not use an etching process, and FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B. It can also be executed like this. That is, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), a photoresist 66 having a predetermined pattern is formed on the electrode pattern 50, and an electroless plating method is used on the entire surface of the substrate 31 using the photoresist 66 as a mask. When Ni is laminated, a Ni layer 52 can be formed as shown in FIG. 10 (b).
- the force S that forms the Ni layer 52 on the electrode pattern 50 and then forms the Pd layer 54, the Ni layer 52, and the Pd layer 54 are applied.
- the order of formation may be reversed. That is, the Pd layer 54 can be first laminated, and then the Ni layer 52 can be laminated.
- each metal layer (Ni layer 52, Pd layer 54, Au layer 56) is selectively formed using an electroless plating method, but this is the only method for forming each metal layer.
- the present invention can be formed using other methods.
- the Au layer 56 can be formed by sputtering.
- the Pd layer 54 that is absorbed and alloyed by the molten conductive particle solder and the Ni layer 52 on which the solder bump 20 is placed are adjacent to each other.
- the Pd layer 54 and the Ni layer 52 may be arranged via other members.
- the member interposed between the Pd layer 54 and the Ni layer 52 may be a metal layer (for example, Ag layer) that can be absorbed and alloyed by molten solder other than the Pd layer, or the molten solder It may be a member that is not absorbed or alloyed.
- FIG. 11 (a) shows an example of an electrode structure 200 in which a Pd layer is formed on a Ni layer!
- the electrode structure 200 includes an electrode pattern 250, a Ni layer 252 formed on at least a part of the electrode pattern 250, a Pd layer 254 covering the Ni layer 252 and an Au layer 256 covering the Pd layer 254. And force.
- the Ni layer 252 is formed in the entire region on the electrode pattern 250 of the substrate 231.
- the Pd layer 254 is laminated from above the Ni layer 252 so as to cover the Ni layer 252. That is, the Pd layer 254 is also formed on the upper surface of the Ni layer 252. Further, an Au layer 256 is disposed on the Pd layer 254 so as to cover the Pd layer 254.
- the Pd layer 254 is disposed on the Ni layer 252 as described above, the Pd layer 254 on the Ni layer 252 is absorbed and alloyed by the molten solder.
- a solder bump 220 having a high bump height can be formed thereon.
- the Ni layer 252 is formed in the entire region on the electrode pattern 250, bumps can be formed high in the entire region of the electrode pattern 250 via the Ni layer 252.
- the solder melted by reheating collects on the Ni layer having better wettability to the melted solder than the electrode pattern.
- the Ni layer plays a role in defining the region where a bump after remelting can be formed. Therefore, by appropriately changing the formation region of the Ni layer on the electrode pattern, the region where the bump can be formed can be set at a suitable position.
- FIG. 12 (a) shows an example of the electrode structure 400 obtained by removing the Ni layer from the electrode structure 200 shown in FIG. 11 (a).
- Au and Pd are absorbed on the electrode pattern 450 of the substrate 431.
- the remelted solder gathers on the electrode pattern because it is better than the surrounding area (in this example, the surface of the substrate 31) of the electrode pattern 450 on the molten solder.
- the bump S is formed via the Ni layer, and the bump can be strongly held on the electrode pattern by the interfacial tension when the bump is remelted.
- the electrode constituent material constituting the electrode pattern 450 is Cu.
- FIG. 13 (a) shows an example in which the electrode structure 400 is substantially the same as the electrode structure 400 described above, and the electrode constituent material of the electrode pattern 550 of the substrate 531 is replaced from Cu to Ti (or Cr). It is shown.
- the electrode constituent material force STi (or Cr) as shown in FIG.
- Ti (or Cr) constituting the electrode pattern 550 has poor wettability with respect to the molten solder alloyed with Au / Pd, the surface area of the molten solder 516 gathered on the electrode pattern 550 contracts, As a result, as shown in FIG. 13C, the formed solder bump 520 can be further grown in the height direction.
- the fluid 14 is self-assembled between the electrode of the plate-like member 40 and the substrate 31, and then the plate-like member.
- the method of forming a force bump is not limited to this, in which the solder bump 19 having a high bump height is obtained by remelting the solder bump 19 with the 40 removed.
- the solder bumps 20 having a high bump height can be formed by a single heating process without re-melting the bumps.
- FIG. 14 (a) when the plate-like member 40 is disposed on the substrate 31 via the fluid 14, and then the fluid 14 is heated in this state, FIG. 14 (b ), The fluid 14 gathers between the plate-like member 40 and the electrode structure 100.
- the conductive particles 16 contained in the fluid 14 are melted by heating S, and the molten conductive particles 16 are not only the Au layer 56 but also the Pd layer 54 positioned below the Au layer 56. Dissolve (see arrows 91 and 93 in the figure).
- the self-assembled conductive particles 16 can absorb and compound metals (Au and Pd), and as a result, as shown in FIG. Can increase the height.
- the heating of the fluid 14 shown in FIG. 14 (b) causes the plate member 40 to rise (slide in the direction of arrow 96), and the distance (gap) between the plate member 40 and the substrate 31. It is executed while increasing.
- the plate-like member 40 can be raised by, for example, pulling up the plate-like member 40 using a member that can adsorb the plate-like member 40.
- the raising of the plate-like member 40 can be performed by a suitable method as appropriate.
- the force shown in the example in which the plate-like member 40 is raised to change the gap between the plate-like member 40 and the substrate 31 is lowered, and the gap between the plate-like member 40 and the substrate 31 is reduced. It may vary.
- the fluid 14 can be efficiently gathered between the plate-like member 40 and the electrode, and in addition, absorption is achieved. -Allow the alloyed conductive particles 16 to grow in the height direction. Furthermore, as the plate-like member 40 is raised, the bump can be pulled in the height direction by the interfacial tension, so that the bump can also be grown in the height direction.
- the addition amount and / or additive component of the solder activator contained in the fluid 14 is set so that the solder activator is not deactivated within the fluid self-assembly processing time (ie, In order to ensure that the Pd layer is eroded within the self-assembling time of the fluid), it can be adjusted appropriately.
- the present inventors arranged the electrode structure in a 6 ⁇ 6 matrix arrangement. Using the (area array) substrate, the bump height after the initial self-assembly shown in Fig. 6 (d) and the bump height after the further remelting step shown in Fig. 6 (e) An experiment was conducted to measure.
- the optimum content of the conductive particles (for example, solder powder) 16 in the process of the present embodiment can be set as follows, for example.
- SA is the total area of the electrode pattern 50 of the substrate 31 (when the solder bump 20 is formed via the Ni layer 52, the total area of the Ni layer 52), and SB is a predetermined region of the substrate 31 (specifically Represents the area of the fluid 14 supplied area).
- the content of the conductive particles 16 contained in the fluid 14 is expressed by the following formula (2).
- the optimum content of the conductive particles 16 contained in the fluid 14 can be set generally based on the following formula (3).
- the content of the conductive particles 16 (SA / SB), 100 soil alpha [volume 0/0] ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (3)
- the parameter (soil ⁇ ) is for adjusting the excess and deficiency when the conductive particles 16 self-assemble on the electrode pattern 50 of the substrate 31, and can be determined according to various conditions.
- the arrangement of the electrode patterns 50 on the substrate 31 can take various forms, but is more optimal for the arrangement of the electrode patterns 50 as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 by Equation (3).
- the content of the conductive particles 16 is obtained, the following values are obtained.
- the conductive particles 16 dispersed in the fluid 14 have a ratio of 0.5 to 30% by volume. If it is contained in, it will be sufficient.
- the weight ratio of the conductive particles 16 to the fluid 14 is about 7, so the above 0.5.
- the proportion of ⁇ 30% by volume corresponds to the proportion of 4 to 75% by weight.
- FIG. 17 shows a preferred bump forming apparatus for executing the bump forming method of the present embodiment.
- the bump forming apparatus 70 includes a stage 71 on which the substrate 31 is placed, and a plate-like member 40 that is arranged to face the stage 71.
- a fluid containing conductive particles 16 and a bubble generating agent is disposed between a substrate 31 placed on a stage 71 and a plate-like member 40 arranged to face the stage 71. 14 is supplied.
- the plate-like member 40 is detachable.
- a feeder capable of supplying the fluid 14 may be provided in the forming apparatus 70.
- the fluid 14 is heated to generate bubbles from the bubble generating agent in the fluid 14.
- the heating of the fluid 14 may be carried out by installing a heater 73 on the stage 71 as shown in FIG. 17, or by applying a heater to the plate-like member 40 and heating it. You can go.
- the fluid 14, the conductive particles 16, the solder activator, and the foaming agent used in the present embodiment are not particularly limited, but the following materials may be used respectively. it can.
- the fluid 14 is not particularly limited as long as it has a viscosity that allows fluid flow within the range of room temperature to the melting temperature of the conductive particles 16, and decreases to a fluid fluid viscosity by heating. Including things. Typical examples include, in addition to the above epoxy resins, thermosetting resins such as phenol resins, silicone resins, diallyl phthalate resins, furan resins, melamine resins, polyester elastomers, fluororesins, polyimide resins, A thermoplastic resin such as polyamide resin or aramid resin, a light (ultraviolet) curable resin, or a combination thereof can be used. In addition to resin, the use of high-boiling solvents, oils, etc. is the power.
- thermosetting resins such as phenol resins, silicone resins, diallyl phthalate resins, furan resins, melamine resins, polyester elastomers, fluororesins, polyimide resins
- a thermoplastic resin such as polyamide resin
- the conductive particles 16 and the bubble generating agent can be used by appropriately combining materials shown in the following (Table 1) and (Table 2). If a material having a melting point of the conductive particles 16 higher than the boiling point of the bubble generating agent is used, the fluid 14 is heated to generate bubbles from the bubble generating agent and self-assemble the fluid. Furthermore, the fluid 14 can be heated to melt the conductive particles 16 in the self-assembled fluid, and the conductive particles 16 can be metal-bonded.
- Bubble generator Boiling point (° c) Bubble generator Boiling point (° c) Hexane 69 V Methylaluminum hydrochloride 1 71 Si 'methylsulfoxide'
- the bubble generating agent may be made of two or more materials having different boiling points. If the boiling points are different, there will be a difference in the timing of bubble generation and growth, and as a result, the extrusion force of fluid 14 due to bubble growth is performed stepwise, making the self-assembly process of fluid 14 uniform This makes it possible to form a conductive pattern with good uniformity.
- the bubble generating agent in addition to the materials listed in (Table 2) above, a material that generates bubbles by thermal decomposition of the bubble generating agent when the fluid 14 is heated is also used. can do.
- the material listed in the following (Table 3) can be used as such a bubble generating agent.
- a compound containing crystallization water aluminum hydroxide
- the solder activator has a function as an antioxidant for the conductive particles 16. Therefore, various reducing agents that can be used only by the rosin flux mentioned as an example can be included in the fluid 14. As typical examples, abietic acid, assipinic acid, ascorbic acid, acrylic acid, citrate, malic acid, polyacrylic acid, or a material combining them can be used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Wire Bonding (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US12/518,358 US8887383B2 (en) | 2006-12-18 | 2007-11-27 | Electrode structure and method for forming bump |
CN2007800462189A CN101573784B (zh) | 2006-12-18 | 2007-11-27 | 电极结构体及凸点形成方法 |
JP2008550076A JP5147723B2 (ja) | 2006-12-18 | 2007-11-27 | 電極構造体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2006-339654 | 2006-12-18 | ||
JP2006339654 | 2006-12-18 |
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WO2008075537A1 true WO2008075537A1 (ja) | 2008-06-26 |
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PCT/JP2007/072795 WO2008075537A1 (ja) | 2006-12-18 | 2007-11-27 | 電極構造体およびバンプ形成方法 |
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US (1) | US8887383B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5147723B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101573784B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008075537A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2009044695A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Nec Corporation | 電子部品の実装方法等 |
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DE102008054415A1 (de) * | 2008-12-09 | 2010-06-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Anordnung zweier Substrate mit einer SLID-Bondverbindung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Anordnung |
US20140106179A1 (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-04-17 | Raytheon Company | Plating design and process for improved hermeticity and thermal conductivity of gold-germanium solder joints |
WO2016015189A1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-04 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Systems and methods for reinforced adhesive bonding |
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JP2001102733A (ja) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-04-13 | Kyocera Corp | 電子部品の実装方法 |
WO2006095677A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 金属粒子分散組成物ならびにそれを用いたフリップチップ実装方法およびバンプ形成方法 |
WO2006098268A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 導電性粒子を用いたフリップチップ実装方法およびバンプ形成方法 |
WO2006109407A1 (ja) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-19 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | フリップチップ実装方法及びバンプ形成方法 |
WO2006126361A1 (ja) * | 2005-05-24 | 2006-11-30 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | ハンダバンプ形成方法および半導体素子の実装方法 |
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WO1997012718A1 (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1997-04-10 | Brown University Research Foundation | Soldering methods and compositions |
JP3321351B2 (ja) | 1996-01-18 | 2002-09-03 | 東芝マイクロエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
US5766979A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1998-06-16 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Wafer level contact sheet and method of assembly |
US6225569B1 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2001-05-01 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Wiring substrate and method of manufacturing the same |
US6326555B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-12-04 | Fujitsu Limited | Method and structure of z-connected laminated substrate for high density electronic packaging |
TW498707B (en) * | 1999-11-26 | 2002-08-11 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Wiring substrate and production method thereof |
JP2005011838A (ja) | 2003-06-16 | 2005-01-13 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体装置及びその組立方法 |
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2007
- 2007-11-27 CN CN2007800462189A patent/CN101573784B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-27 US US12/518,358 patent/US8887383B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-27 JP JP2008550076A patent/JP5147723B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-11-27 WO PCT/JP2007/072795 patent/WO2008075537A1/ja active Application Filing
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JP2001102733A (ja) * | 1999-09-28 | 2001-04-13 | Kyocera Corp | 電子部品の実装方法 |
WO2006095677A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 金属粒子分散組成物ならびにそれを用いたフリップチップ実装方法およびバンプ形成方法 |
WO2006098268A1 (ja) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-09-21 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 導電性粒子を用いたフリップチップ実装方法およびバンプ形成方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101573784B (zh) | 2013-01-09 |
US8887383B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
JPWO2008075537A1 (ja) | 2010-04-08 |
US20100044091A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
JP5147723B2 (ja) | 2013-02-20 |
CN101573784A (zh) | 2009-11-04 |
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