Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
  • G10C9/00—Methods, tools or materials specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of musical instruments covered by this subclass
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
  • G10D3/22—Material for manufacturing stringed musical instruments; Treatment of the material
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
  • G10D9/08—Material for manufacturing wind musical instruments; Treatment of the material

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for improving the sound of musical instruments. It relates in particular to a method for reducing the sound output and / or for reducing energy storage effects of the passive range of musical instruments. Finally, the invention also provides a novel musical instrument.
• the term "passive region" of a musical instrument is to be understood as meaning those components or regions of components which are not directly required for the production of sound, for example in the case of a grand piano or piano the cast plate on which the strings are mounted in the case of a violin the neck, in a timpani the corpus on which the membrane is mounted, etc.
• Sound event "and" secondary sound event are used below and should be understood as follows:
• a primary sound event is one that is triggered by the vibrations of the components of the active area or the active area of a component, in other words the actually intended in the foreground for the sound of the musical instrument wanted sound event.
• a secondary sound event however, the sound event generated by vibrations or vibrations of the components of the passive range of the musical instrument is here understood, which co-determines the overall sound by superposition with the primary sound event.
• the soundboard 13 is sound conducting with the rest of the body (casement 6 and wall 7), and in this way with all the components of the instrument connected. This means that all parts of the instrument are affected by the primary sound event, i. be excited by the vibrations of the active region consisting of strings, bridge 14 and sound board 13, to resonate.
• the crystalline bodies are connected according to the invention by a solid, direct connection with the respective components of the musical instrument to be disposed of kinetically or with the passive regions of such components, in particular glued or embedded in these.
• the essential aspect of the invention resides in the realization that it is possible to derive sound energy from a musical instrument by means of an effect referred to herein as "kinetic disposal".
• the kinetic disposal can take place on a total attributable to the passive area of the musical instrument component to avoid occurring in this component energy storage effects and their negative retroactive effect on the current or optionally subsequent primary sound event (see claim 2).
• the crystalline body can also be used in a passive region of a component also equipped with an active region. This prevents the acoustic energy stored elsewhere in the passive area of the component from flowing back into the active area and adversely affecting the sound of the subsequent primary sound event.
• the kinetic disposal is achieved according to the invention by a crystalline body made of a material with high speed of sound in the solid state (sound velocity of more than 8,000 m / s) on the non-required for the generation of the primary sound event components of the passive area or on the passive area of an active area having a component of the instrument is arranged to reduce the sound output to the environment, as far as possible to eliminate and to reduce or avoid its ringing.
• the degree of kinetic disposal results from the ratio of the sound velocities of the two materials.
• the degree of kinetic disposal results from the ratio of the sound velocities of the two materials.
• the materials typically used in musical instrument making, kinetically disposable materials are wood, gray cast iron, brass, etc., whose sound velocities are all between about 3,000 and 5,000 m / s.
• materials with sound velocities of at least 8,000 m / s have sufficient potential to be kinetically disposable.
• the kinetic disposal can also directly on the active area react.
• the reed of a clarinet for example, consists of an active (ie freely oscillating) region and a passive (ie firmly clamped) region.
• the kinetic disposal by means of the method according to the invention by arranging a crystalline body according to the invention directly at the clamping reduces the repercussions of the ringing of the fixed clamping
• the active area thus returns as quickly as possible to its energetically optimal initial state, overlays of sound events are avoided.
• the crystalline bodies are arranged as mentioned in the passive region of the musical instrument, the best positions for the arrangement of the body are determined either in simulations or experimentally.
• the mounting locations may be e.g. be at the box angle, at which located between cast plate and box angle plate wedge on the cast plate, on the feet, on the rollers, etc.
• the crystalline body is a crystal with high crystalline order, which can be achieved with single crystals, the best results.
• the higher the speed of sound in the crystal of the selected body the greater the effect of the method according to the invention.
• the more ordered and pure a crystal of a solid the higher the speed of sound in it.
• Materials which have the properties required for the kinetic disposal in the context of the invention are, for example, diamonds (real or synthetic, with a cubic-face-centered crystal structure and a speed of sound of about 18000 m / s) or ceramic materials such as boron carbide, aluminum oxide, boron nitride, zirconium dioxide or the like (with a speed of sound greater than 8000 m / s).
• the size of the crystalline body (or its volume) has no influence on the kinetic disposal effect achieved.
• the aim is to have as small and inconspicuous sizes as possible, which are preferably in the range of edge lengths or diameters of the body between a few nanometers and a few centimeters, with reference to the location of the attachment of the crystalline body.
• the present invention describes by the kinetic disposal for the first time means and ways how the primary sound event can be radiated undistorted and unadulterated by interference from secondary sound events by the sound energy derived from the components in which it is not desired, directly derived again to avoid the described energy storage effects and resulting interference.
• Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional representation of a grand piano as a possible musical instrument for the application of the method according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is an illustration of the body of the wing shown in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 shows the arrangement according to the invention of a crystalline body for kinetic disposal at the box angle of the wing shown in Fig. 1, wherein the crystalline body is embedded in a fitting bore;
• Fig. 4 is a view as in Figure 3 with the difference that here the crystalline body is adhered to the flat surface.
• FIG. 5 shows the arrangement according to the invention of a crystalline body on a spreader of the casting plate for kinetic disposal on this component
• Fig. 6 shows schematically the course (the envelope) of the overall sound of a sound generated by a conventional instrument (Sound event).
• Fig. 7 shows schematically the course (the envelope curve) of the overall sound of a generated by a method according to the invention changed instrument (sound event).
• the wing consists of a central main component, the Rim, consisting of the wall 7 and the frame 6, which is placed on feet 10 with rollers 11 disposed thereon and closed with a lid 8 on the top.
• the underside of the chair bottom or game table 9 At the front of the rim is the underside of the chair bottom or game table 9, on which there is needed for striking the strings game, consisting of a keyboard (keyboard) and a mechanism.
• sound board 13 usually made of spruce, with overlying cast plate 5, usually made of gray cast iron, on which the strings are spanned, and underlying, the body stiffening struts.
• the connection between struts and cast plate 5 consists of a box angle 4, the connection of strings and sound board 13 is carried out by the firmly connected to the soundboard 13 web 14.
• the music stand 12th In the front upper part of the wing is the music stand 12th
• Sound event so responsible for the vibrations desired for generating the sound only the following active components: the strings, the bridge 14 and the soundboard 13th
• these parts with the other components of the passive area, such. the cast plate 5, the box angle 4, the frame 6, the wall 7 and the feet 10, conductively connected sound.
• Such a crystalline body 1 must be connected to the kinetically to be disposed portion of the passive area (eg the box angle 4, the lid 8 or the cast plate 5, see Figures 3 to 5) such that on one side a direct, full-surface contact with the component is made and the other side is exposed.
• This can e.g. by a counterbore in the form of a fitting bore 2 (see Fig. 3) or by a bond 3 on a flat surface (s. Fig. 4) can be achieved.
• the size or the volume of the crystalline body 1 applied for the kinetic disposal depends, on the one hand, on the material used and the particular starting point and on the other requirements, and can be from nanometer to several centimeters in diameter.
• FIGs. Figures 6 and 7 show schematically the effect of the method according to the invention on the overall sound of a correspondingly treated instrument.
• the sound event of a wind instrument consists of a swinging air column inside a pipe.
• the pipe should not affect the air column, as natural vibration of the pipe or mouthpiece to interference, and thus lead to distortions of the sound event. Therefore, for the purposes of this invention, the tube / housing of a wind instrument can be kinetically disposed of, in which the material (diamond, boron carbide or the like) is connected in a conducting manner to the pipe, e.g. immediately behind the mouthpiece, near the funnel o.a.
• the primary sound event of a stringing and plucking instrument consists of a vibrated string which is coupled via a bridge to a soundboard.
• This soundboard amplifies the sound of the strings.
• Undesirable here are vibrations of the passive components such as e.g. of the neck with the fingerboard. This can also be disposed of kinetically in the manner described above in the sense of this invention. The same applies, e.g. for the sting of cello and double bass.
• Vibration exciters such as e.g. Hammerstielen (piano and grand piano), bows (bowed instruments), plectrums (plucked instruments), mallets and sticks (percussion instruments) and others:
• Vibration generator also set in vibration. At the time of the triggering of the next sound event, energy from the previous event can still be stored in the vibration generator and have a distorting influence on the subsequent event. The kinetic disposal takes place in the manner already described.
• Membranophones e.g. Timpani and drums, which minimizes the influence of cabinet or body vibrations on the membrane through kinetic disposal, as well as other percussion instruments), Orff's instrumentation, vibraphone, marimbas, etc.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
• Auxiliary Devices For Music (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (2)

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• 2006
  • 2006-09-04 EP EP06018419A patent/EP1914714A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-09-04 EP EP14185620.3A patent/EP2830038B1/de active Active
• 2007
  • 2007-08-29 WO PCT/EP2007/058980 patent/WO2008028847A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-08-29 US US12/439,817 patent/US20100050850A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-08-29 CN CNA2007800326979A patent/CN101512635A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-08-29 JP JP2009527114A patent/JP2010503037A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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