WO2007136102A1 - 半導体装置、集積回路、及び半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置、集積回路、及び半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007136102A1 WO2007136102A1 PCT/JP2007/060559 JP2007060559W WO2007136102A1 WO 2007136102 A1 WO2007136102 A1 WO 2007136102A1 JP 2007060559 W JP2007060559 W JP 2007060559W WO 2007136102 A1 WO2007136102 A1 WO 2007136102A1
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- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/785—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate having a channel with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
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- H01L21/8232—Field-effect technology
- H01L21/8234—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type
- H01L21/823412—MIS technology, i.e. integration processes of field effect transistors of the conductor-insulator-semiconductor type with a particular manufacturing method of the channel structures, e.g. channel implants, halo or pocket implants, or channel materials
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- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1203—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body the substrate comprising an insulating body on a semiconductor body, e.g. SOI
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- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
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- H01L29/78645—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with multiple gate
- H01L29/78648—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with multiple gate arranged on opposing sides of the channel
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
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- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78696—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film characterised by the structure of the channel, e.g. multichannel, transverse or longitudinal shape, length or width, doping structure, or the overlap or alignment between the channel and the gate, the source or the drain, or the contacting structure of the channel
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- H01L21/84—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. being an insulating body
- H01L21/845—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. being an insulating body including field-effect transistors with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
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- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1203—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body the substrate comprising an insulating body on a semiconductor body, e.g. SOI
- H01L27/1211—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body the substrate comprising an insulating body on a semiconductor body, e.g. SOI combined with field-effect transistors with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device, an integrated circuit, and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device suitable for reducing variations in threshold voltage of a MISFET (Metal Insulator Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) having a thin film channel.
- MISFET Metal Insulator Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
- MOSFET Metal Oxide Semi- Conductor Field Effect Transistor
- Vth threshold voltage
- Ion operating current
- the thin film channel MISFET has a shorter channel effect than the conventional Balta MISFET. It is known that the effect can be suppressed and the subthreshold leakage current can be reduced.
- a FinFET Fin Field Effect Transistor
- SOI Silicon on Insulator
- the channel film thickness In MISFET, in order to suppress the short channel effect while further reducing the gate length, it is necessary to simultaneously reduce the film thickness of the thin film channel region. — In MISFET, the channel film thickness must be maintained at the gate length of about 1Z4.
- the thin film channel type MISFET having such a very thin channel thickness not only increases the difficulty in manufacturing, but also increases the variation in device element characteristics with respect to fluctuations in the channel thickness. There is a point.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which the impurity concentration in the channel region of SOI decreases from the upper part to the lower part. According to this method, fluctuations in the total amount of impurities in the channel film thickness can be kept low with respect to fluctuations in the channel film thickness.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method of suppressing variation in Vth by providing a fixed charge layer at a depth corresponding to the channel thickness of the buried oxide film layer.
- Patent Document 3 in an integrated circuit composed of SOI-type MISFETs, Vth variation is corrected by applying a voltage to the knock gate via a memory element that stores the channel thickness and its impurity concentration.
- a semiconductor device is disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-289001
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-299634
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent No. 3585912
- Non-Special Reference 1 Kiyosm Takeuch Toru Tatsumi, Akiko Furukawa, Channel Engl neering for the Reduction of Random— Dopant— Placement— Induced Threshold Voltage Fluctuation) ', IEDM Tech. Dig., 1995, p. 67—70
- the channel thickness variation causes the Vth to vary, and the device characteristics vary.
- the known method is a simple method, especially in a short-channel transistor, which has been unable to suppress the variation in Vth due to the change in channel film thickness.
- the present invention has been made in view of the problem, and in a thin film channel type MISFET, a semiconductor device, an integrated circuit, and a semiconductor device, in which variation in threshold voltage due to change in channel film thickness is suppressed, It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- An integrated circuit according to the present invention has a plurality of MISFETs in which a channel film made of a semiconductor layer is formed on an insulating film, and each MISFET has a different channel film thickness and is included in the channel film.
- Concentration force per unit area of impurity channel thickness is MISFE
- the channel film thickness of the plurality of MISFETs may have the same design value, and the difference in channel film thickness of each MISFET may be due to a statistical variation in design value power.
- the concentration of the impurity per unit area may be proportional to the channel film thickness.
- the concentration of the impurity per unit area is a function that is convex below the channel thickness. May be.
- Another integrated circuit according to the present invention has a plurality of MISFETs in which a channel film made of a semiconductor layer is formed on an insulating film, and the volume concentration distribution of impurities in the channel film is the gate length In relation to the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the threshold voltage with respect to the statistical variation of the volume concentration of impurities and the design value force of the channel film thickness, it includes a volume concentration at which the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the threshold voltage is minimized.
- the channel thickness of the plurality of MISFETs has the same design value, and the difference in channel thickness of each MISFET may be due to statistical variation from the design value. .
- the volume concentration Nch of the impurity at which the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the threshold voltage is minimized is: c ⁇ log (Nch) + a ⁇ log (L
- the channel film surface force of the impurity may have a constant volume concentration distribution in the depth direction regardless of the depth.
- the volume concentration distribution in the depth direction may be higher as the depth is deeper.
- the volume concentration at the bottom surface of the channel film is preferably a volume concentration at which the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the threshold voltage is minimized.
- the MISFET is a double gate type, and the volume concentration distribution of the impurities in the channel film surface force film thickness direction is low on one surface of the channel film and high on the other surface. Even so!
- the MISFET may be a FinFET, an SOI type FET, or a planar double gate type FET.
- a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having a MISFET in which a channel film made of a semiconductor layer is formed on an insulating film, and a unit area of impurities contained in the channel film Impurity concentration is characterized in that impurities are introduced into the channel film so that the channel film thickness increases as thick as MISFE T.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device having a MISFET in which a channel film made of a semiconductor layer is formed on an insulating film, the channel
- the volume concentration distribution of impurities in the film shows the standard deviation of the threshold voltage in relation to the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the threshold voltage with respect to statistical variations from the design value of the channel thickness and the channel thickness of the impurity at the gate length.
- the impurity is introduced into the channel so as to include a volume concentration at which ⁇ Vth is minimized.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device having a MISFET in which a channel film made of a semiconductor layer is formed on an insulating film, wherein the volume concentration distribution of impurities in the channel film is The threshold voltage standard deviation ⁇ Vth with respect to the statistical variation from the design value of the impurity volume concentration and channel film thickness at the gate length and the variation of the volume concentration in the depth direction of the impurity in relation to the threshold voltage
- the impurity is introduced into the channel so as to include a volume concentration at which the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the minimum is included.
- the step of introducing the impurity can be performed by multiple ion implantations with different average range distances.
- the step of introducing the impurity includes ion implantation such that the peak of the volume concentration distribution in the depth direction of the channel film surface force of the impurity is located deeper than the designed channel film bottom surface. be able to.
- the step of introducing the impurity is performed by performing ion implantation of one surface force of the channel film on the MISFET that operates with inversion layers formed on both sides of the channel film.
- Ion implantation may be included in which an average range of ions is set outside the channel film region on the other surface of the channel film.
- the step of introducing the impurity may be performed simultaneously with the epitaxial growth of the channel film region.
- the step of introducing the impurity may include a step of reducing the impurity on the surface of the channel film by outward diffusion of the impurity.
- FIG. 2 A schematic diagram showing the device structure and parameters used to simulate the threshold voltage of an SOI MISFET.
- This is a diagram showing the relationship between the channel thickness and the threshold voltage under each uniform channel impurity condition.
- FIG. 6 A diagram showing the relationship between channel impurity and threshold voltage variation, taking into account the respective factors of statistical variation in channel film thickness and random variation in impurity position.
- FIG. 7 A graph showing the channel impurity concentration region with respect to the design gate length, in which the Vth variation is minimized when the respective factors of statistical variation in channel thickness and random variation in impurity position are considered. It is.
- ⁇ 8] (a) is a diagram showing an ion implantation method for a thin film channel region in the first embodiment of the present invention, and (b) shows the effect of channel doping in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an ion implantation method for a thin film channel region in the first embodiment of the present invention, and (b) shows the effect of channel doping in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a thin film channel MISFET in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 (a) to (c) are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention in order of steps.
- FIG. 11] (d) to (f) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing method of the second embodiment following FIG. 10 in the order of steps.
- 12 (a) to 12 (b) are cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps.
- FIG. 14 (a) to (b) are cross-sectional views showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second modification of the second embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an impurity introduction method into a thin film channel region in a second modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 16 (a) to 16 (b) are cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a third modification of the second embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a method for introducing impurities into a thin film channel region in a third modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 18 (a) to 18 (b) are cross-sectional views showing a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a fourth modification of the second embodiment of the present invention in the order of steps.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an impurity introduction method into a thin film channel region in a fourth modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 20 (a) to 20 (d) are cross-sectional views showing a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the third embodiment of the present invention in order of steps.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a method for introducing impurities into a thin film channel region in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing impurity introduction into the thin film channel from the fin piece side by ion implantation in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a planar double gate FET according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- an integrated circuit is a case having a plurality of MISFETs, whereas it is a semiconductor.
- a body device shall have one or more MISFETs.
- the impurity introduction method and concentration distribution described below will naturally hold true for a semiconductor device having one MISFET.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the gate length and the threshold voltage with respect to the film thickness.
- Tsi, Tsi channel film thickness
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the gate length and the threshold voltage when the film thickness is thin (thin Tsi).
- the impurity concentration is determined so that the change in DIBL caused by the change in channel thickness Tsi and the change in long channel Vth cancel each other.
- the change in the long channel Vth is the difference between the threshold voltage for thick Tsi and the threshold voltage for thin Tsi when the gate length is increased.
- the device structural parameters (L: gate length, Tsi: channel thickness, Nch: channel impurity concentration) as shown in Fig. 2 were changed.
- the threshold voltage Vth of the N-type MOSFET was calculated using a device simulator. Where Vth is the current Ids between the source and drain
- the gate voltage is defined as follows. W is the gate width.
- a value corresponding to the Si (silicon) gap was used.
- the potential of the source region and the support substrate was OV, and the potential of the drain region was IV.
- a semiconductor layer is formed on a 50 nm thick buried oxide film, and this semiconductor layer is sandwiched between the source region, the drain region, and these regions.
- Channel area power is provided.
- Film thickness A channel impurity is introduced into the Tsi channel region at a concentration of Nch, and a gate is formed above the channel region via an inversion film having a thickness of 1.7 nm.
- the gate length is L.
- the channel impurity concentration Nch is a volume concentration.
- the dependence of Tsi is large when the impurity concentration is low and close to zero (that is, the threshold voltage Vth increases as the film thickness Tsi increases).
- Vth becomes independent of Tsi.
- Non-Patent Document 1 in order to express the MOSFET Vth variation in SOI under the assumption that the channel film thickness is sufficiently thinner than the buried oxide film thickness. Then, Vth variation was estimated by the following formula 2.
- q is the elementary charge
- Cox is the inversion capacitance of the gate insulating film.
- Fig. 6 shows the effect of impurity dispersion. Furthermore, in Fig. 6, the dispersion sum is calculated as the sum of the factors of both statistical variation and impurity variation of Tsi, and the obtained ⁇ Vth is overlaid. In this way, considering the impurity variation, the optimum channel impurity concentration for minimizing ⁇ Vth shifts to a lower concentration side.
- the channel impurity concentration range that minimizes ⁇ Vth when only channel thickness fluctuation is considered, and the channel impurity that minimizes ⁇ Vth when additional impurity variations are considered.
- the concentration range is illustrated. From the above, it is clear that the optimum channel concentration range has a small dependence on parameters such as Tsi and is mainly determined by considering the gate length.
- the impurity concentration [at / cm 2 ] per unit area contained in the channel is Proportional to thickness. Therefore, when the channel film thickness varies statistically, the impurity concentration per unit area contained in the channel of each thin film channel type MISFET increases as the channel film thickness increases.
- the discussion proceeded assuming that the impurity concentration per unit volume in the channel thin film is uniform and constant, but the impurity concentration in the channel thin film is the channel surface force depth.
- the impurity concentration per unit volume at the bottom of the channel should be designed to follow Equation 3. In this way, Vth variation due to DIBL variation can be suppressed with a smaller amount of channel impurities, so that the component of Vth variation due to impurity variation can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the thin film channel type MISFET in this embodiment.
- the buried oxide film 2 and the silicon thin film 3 are sequentially formed on the semiconductor substrate 1 to form an SOI structure.
- An element isolation region 4 is formed on the buried oxide film 2 by trench isolation.
- the source / drain diffusion layers 5 and 6 and the channel region 7 are formed between these diffusion layers, and the channel region 7 has a predetermined concentration in the depth direction.
- the impurities are uniformly introduced.
- the volume concentration of the impurity is a concentration that minimizes the variation in channel thickness and the variation in threshold voltage due to the variation in impurity in the design gate length.
- a gate electrode 9 is formed on the channel region 7 via a gate insulating film 8, and a sidewall 10 is formed on the side wall of the gate electrode 9. Further, silicide regions 11 provided on the upper portions of the gate electrode 9 and the diffusion layers 5 and 6 are provided. The transistor is wired through the wiring. Although not shown, an interlayer insulating film, a plug, a wiring, and the like are formed on the upper portion of the transistor element to provide a function as an integrated circuit.
- the present embodiment is a semiconductor device having a thin film channel MISFET configured as described above, and an integrated circuit having a plurality of these thin film MISFETs.
- the impurity is introduced into the channel region so that the concentration force of the impurity contained in the channel region per unit area increases as the channel thickness increases.
- the concentration is proportional to the channel thickness.
- Uniform impurity introduction into the thin film channel region can be realized by using a method in which channel implantation is divided into a plurality of times, or using a dove-top epitaxial growth technique.
- FIG. 8 (a) when impurities are introduced by channel implantation, as shown in FIG. 8 (a), channel implantation with different average ranges is performed in multiple steps, so that the depth direction of the thin film channel region is increased. Impurities can be introduced uniformly. At this time, it is necessary to set the impurity implantation range sufficiently wider than the range in which the channel thickness Tsi varies. Therefore, it is desirable that the average range reaches a position deeper than the designed channel thickness at least once among the multiple ion implantations.
- a silicon thin film is formed on the buried oxide film, and a sacrificial oxide film is provided on the silicon thin film. Impurities of ions by ion implantation are formed from above the sacrificial oxide film.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the effect of channel doping.
- channel implantation may be performed by combining a plurality of ion species as long as they are the same type of impurities.
- the thin film channel region is formed by impurity-doped epitaxy in which an impurity source species is supplied simultaneously with a silicon source, a uniform impurity distribution can be obtained.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- BH diborane
- PH phosphine
- the epitaxial growth may be performed by alternately supplying the above-mentioned raw materials by an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method.
- Impurity doped epitaxial growth may be performed when the SOI substrate is formed, and etching is performed so as to leave a slight amount of the upper silicon layer on the SOI substrate, and then the impurity is formed so that a predetermined body thickness is obtained. You can grow dope epitaxy.
- impurity-doped epitaxial growth may be performed directly on the original silicon layer.
- a film that lattice-matches to the silicon substrate is heteroepitaxially grown, followed by silicon impurity-doped epitaxial growth !, and then the heteroepitaxial layer is etched. After removal, the etched portion may be backfilled with a buried oxide film to form an SOI structure.
- the formed impurity concentration distribution and the correlation between the channel film thickness and the channel impurity concentration per unit area can be confirmed by various methods.
- the impurity distribution in the channel depth direction is analyzed through built-in 'in' potential observed from the sample cross section by using electron holography, SCAM (Scanning Capacitance Microscope) or KPFM (Kelvin Prove Force Microscopy). Is possible.
- the impurity concentration per unit area of the thin film channel is determined by selectively exciting the thin film region on the surface of the sample with an electron beam and detecting its characteristic X-rays. Can be detected with high sensitivity. By combining this method and a known method for measuring the channel film thickness, a correlation between the channel film thickness and the channel impurity concentration per unit area can be obtained, for example, across the wafer surface.
- the design power of the channel film thickness can be statistically calculated. It is possible to suppress threshold voltage variations caused by variations and impurity concentration variations in the depth direction.
- the channel defect of a fully depleted MISFET having a thin film channel It has been said that the concentration of the pure substance is desired to be a low concentration that is close to that of an intrinsic semiconductor. In a thin film transistor with a sufficiently thin channel thickness, the short channel effect can be suppressed. Therefore, by reducing the channel impurity concentration, the mobility is improved and the position and number of impurities vary (impurity variation). This is because it is considered that the threshold voltage variation due to () can be reduced. While constructing an integrated circuit
- the threshold voltage varies due to DIBL (Drain Induced Barrier Lowering).
- DIBL Drain Induced Barrier Lowering
- FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c) are cross-sectional views showing the manufacturing method of the present embodiment in the order of steps.
- FIGS. 11 (d) to 11 (f) show the manufacturing method of the present embodiment subsequent to FIG. 10 in the order of steps. It is sectional drawing shown.
- an N-type MOSFET can also be created by selecting the appropriate ion species, implantation energy, etc., as explained in the example of the P-type MOSFET manufacturing method.
- a buried oxide film 22 and a silicon thin film 23 are sequentially stacked on a silicon substrate 21 by a conventional method. Thereafter, an element isolation region 24 is formed on the buried oxide film 22 by trench isolation.
- a sacrificial oxide film 25 is formed on the silicon thin film 23 and the element isolation region 24 in the partitioned element isolation region 24. Then, N-type channel impurities are uniformly introduced from above the sacrificial oxide film 25 by ion implantation (see FIG. 8). For example, if the thickness of the silicon thin film 23 is 20 nm and the thickness of the sacrificial oxide film 25 is about 10 nm, arsenic is implanted with an energy of 7.5 keV at an implantation amount of about l X 10 12 atZcm 2 and then continued.
- arsenic is implanted at an energy of about 2 ⁇ 10 12 atZcm 2 at an energy of 25 keV, and further implanted at an energy of about 4 ⁇ 10 12 atZcm 2 at an energy of 70 keV.
- arsenic having a concentration of about 1 ⁇ 10 18 atZcm 3 can be uniformly introduced into the silicon thin film 23 in the depth direction.
- annealing may be performed by a known method in order to activate channel impurities. In this case, out-diffusion or precipitation of channel impurities occurs.
- the sacrificial oxide film 25 is peeled off.
- a gate insulating film 26 is formed on the silicon thin film 23 and the element isolation region 24, and subsequently an electrode layer 27 having a thickness of about 1000 A is formed.
- the electrode layer 27 is made of polysilicon, polysilicon germanium, or a laminated structure thereof. Alternatively, a metal gate electrode can be used.
- the resist pattern obtained by patterning is transferred to a hard mask formed on the electrode layer 27, and the electrode layer 27 is etched by this hard mask pattern. Thereafter, the hard mask on the polysilicon layer is removed, and as shown in FIG. 11 (d), a gate electrode 28 also serving as polysilicon is formed.
- an oxide film having a thickness of about 50 to 1000 A is formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 11 (e), a sidewall 29 made of this oxide film is formed on the side surface of the gate electrode 28 by plasma etch back. Next, ion implantation is performed using the side wall 29 as a mask to form an impurity diffusion region 30 of a source / drain. Thereafter, heat treatment is performed by a known method to activate impurities in the source / drain regions.
- a silicide region 31 is formed on the top surfaces of the source, drain and gate by a salicide process in which a metal such as Co or Ni is deposited and sintered by heat treatment, for example. To do.
- a metal such as Co or Ni is deposited and sintered by heat treatment, for example.
- the MISFET according to the present embodiment manufactured as described above introduces a predetermined concentration of impurities uniformly into the channel region, so that even if the film thickness of the thin film channel region varies, the variation in Vth is minimized. (See Fig. 8 (b)).
- each part in the embodiment of the present invention illustrates only the essential steps, and various MOSFETs that are not included in the description of the embodiment of the present invention in actual MOSFET manufacturing. It is assumed that these steps are included.
- the dimensions of each part, ion implantation energy, implantation amount, and the like can be variously modified within the technical scope of the present invention ascertained from the claims of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is limited. It is not something to do.
- a modification of the second embodiment will be described.
- the concentration force per unit area of impurities contained in the thin film channel region is increased by about 1 mm MISF ET, and the channel surface force has a higher impurity concentration per unit volume in the depth direction.
- FIG. 12A a buried oxide film 42 and a silicon thin film 43 are sequentially stacked on a silicon substrate 41 by a conventional method. Thereafter, an element isolation region 44 is formed by trench isolation.
- a sacrificial oxide film 45 is formed in the partitioned element isolation region 44. Then, channel impurities are ion-implanted from above the sacrificial oxide film 45 under the condition that the average range distance is deeper than the silicon thin film 43.
- impurities are introduced so that the impurity concentration per unit area increases as the channel film thickness increases and the impurity concentration per unit volume increases in the channel surface force depth direction. (See Figure 13).
- An impurity profile in which the impurity concentration is low on the channel surface is conventionally known as a so-called retrograde impurity distribution.
- the ion implantation method and its profile disclosed in this modification are as follows. This is different from the known example.
- the impurity introduction method has a more specific characteristic that the impurity concentration per unit area increases as the channel thickness of the MISFET increases.
- the impurity concentration per unit volume on the bottom surface of the channel film is set to a concentration that minimizes variations in channel thickness and variations in Vth due to impurity variations.
- the volume concentration distribution of impurities in the channel film is based on statistical variations from the design values of the impurity volume concentration and channel film thickness at the gate length, and the variation in volume concentration of impurities in the channel film surface force depth direction.
- the bottom concentration of the channel film includes a volume concentration at which ⁇ Vth is minimized.
- FIG. 14A a buried oxide film 52 and a silicon thin film 53 are sequentially stacked on a silicon substrate 51 by a conventional method.
- the silicon thin film 53 is formed to be thinner than the device design thickness.
- an element isolation region 54 is formed by trench isolation.
- impurities are uniformly introduced into the silicon thin film 53 and annealing treatment for crystallinity recovery is performed.
- a silicon epitaxial layer 55 is selectively grown on the silicon thin film 53 selectively.
- the thickness of the silicon epitaxial layer 55 is selected to be equal to the channel thickness of the total film thickness force calculation of the silicon thin film 53 and the silicon epitaxial layer 55.
- Impurities are not introduced during the epitaxial growth, or impurities are introduced at a concentration lower than the impurity concentration in the silicon thin film 53 (see FIG. 15). Since the manufacturing steps shown in FIG. 14 (b) are the same as those in the second embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 15 shows the impurity concentration distribution of the channel region obtained as described above.
- the impurity concentration in the silicon thin film is a concentration that minimizes the Vth variation caused by channel thickness fluctuation and impurity variation.
- the volume concentration distribution of impurities in the channel film is a statistical variation of the impurity volume concentration and the channel thickness of the gate length, and the channel surface force of the impurity is also a variation in volume concentration in the depth direction.
- the volume concentration at which ⁇ Vth is minimized is included in the bottom surface of the channel film and is included in the bottom of the channel film.
- the SOI-type MOSFET obtained in this way can suppress the variation of Vth due to the fluctuation of DIBL, and can provide a uniform channel. Compared to the impurity distribution, Vth variation due to impurity variation can be kept low.
- FIG. 16 a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to this variation will be described.
- a buried oxide film 62, a diffusion prevention layer 63, and a silicon thin film 65 are sequentially laminated on a silicon substrate 61 by a conventional method.
- an element isolation region 64 is formed by trench isolation.
- the diffusion preventing layer 63 for example, a nitride film, an oxide film, or a mixed film thereof is preferably deposited.
- a sacrificial oxide film layer 66 is formed on the silicon thin film 65 and the element isolation region 64, and the silicon thin film 65 is uniformly formed in the same manner as in the second embodiment. Impurities are introduced into the. Subsequently, annealing is performed under the condition that the impurities of the silicon thin film 65 are diffused outward into the sacrificial oxide film layer 66, and the surface impurity concentration of the silicon thin film 65 is lowered. If the diffusion rate of channel impurities in the buried oxide film 62 is sufficiently slower than that of the sacrificial oxide film layer 66, the diffusion prevention layer 63 may not be formed.
- the subsequent manufacturing steps shown in FIG. 16 (b) are the same as those in the second embodiment, and are omitted.
- FIG. 17 shows the impurity concentration distribution of the channel region obtained as described above.
- the impurity concentration in the channel depth direction introduced into the channel thin film is constant in the region close to the diffusion prevention layer, and decreases as the channel film surface is approached due to the effect of outward diffusion.
- the impurity concentration in the depth region close to the diffusion prevention layer is set to a concentration that minimizes Vth variation due to channel thickness fluctuation and impurity variation.
- the volume concentration distribution of impurities in the channel film shows the statistical variation in the impurity volume concentration and the channel thickness design force at the gate length, and the impurity channel film surface force, the volume concentration in the depth direction.
- the relationship between the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the threshold voltage with respect to the variation in the thickness and the volume concentration at which ⁇ Vth is minimized is included near the diffusion preventing layer of the channel film and in the region.
- the SOI-type MISFET obtained in this way can suppress Vth variations due to DIBL fluctuations, and can suppress Vth variations due to impurity variations to a lower level than when using uniform channel impurity distribution. is there. [0083]
- a fourth variation of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. With reference to FIG. 18, a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to this variation will be described. First, as shown in FIG.
- a buried oxide film 72 and a silicon thin film 73 are sequentially stacked on a silicon substrate 71 by a conventional method. Thereafter, an element isolation region 74 is formed by trench isolation. Next, a sacrificial oxide film layer 75 is formed, and impurities are introduced almost uniformly into the silicon thin film 73 as in the second embodiment.
- the sacrificial oxide film layer 75 is removed by etching.
- an oxide film layer 76 containing impurities having a conductivity type opposite to that in the silicon thin film 73 is deposited, and the impurities in the oxide film layer 76 are partially diffused on the surface of the silicon thin film 73 by annealing. . Thereafter, the oxide film layer 76 is removed by etching.
- the subsequent manufacturing steps shown in FIG. 18 (b) are the same as those in the second embodiment, and are therefore omitted.
- FIG. 19 shows the impurity concentration distribution of the channel region obtained as described above.
- the impurity concentration in the channel depth direction introduced into the channel film is constant in the region close to the buried oxide film, and as the channel film surface is approached, the channel impurity and This is reduced by introducing impurities of the opposite conductivity type into the channel film surface.
- the impurity concentration in the depth region close to the buried oxide film is set to a concentration that minimizes Vth variation caused by channel thickness fluctuation and impurity variation.
- the volume concentration distribution of impurities in the channel film is a statistical variation of the impurity volume concentration and channel film thickness in the gate length from the design value, and the channel concentration of impurities in the channel film.
- the volume concentration at which ⁇ Vth is minimized is included in the bottom surface of the channel film in relation to the standard deviation ⁇ Vth of the threshold voltage with respect to the variation.
- the SOI-type MISFET obtained in this way is formed by reducing the effective impurity concentration on the surface of the channel thin film by introducing an impurity of the opposite conductivity type to the channel thin film surface, resulting in fluctuations in the DIBL. Vth variation due to impurity variation can be suppressed, and Vth variation due to impurity variation can be suppressed to a lower level than when the channel impurity distribution is uniform.
- the planar SOI MISFET is formed so that the channel impurity concentration per unit area is a downward convex function with respect to the channel film thickness. It is an example.
- the concentration per unit area of impurities contained in the thin film channel region increases as the channel thickness increases as the MISFET increases, and the impurity concentration per unit volume increases in the depth direction from the channel film surface.
- FIG. 20 (a) to 20 (d) are cross-sectional views illustrating the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device of the third embodiment in the order of steps, and FIGS. 21 (e) to 21 (g) illustrate the manufacturing method subsequent to FIG. It is sectional drawing shown in order.
- a buried oxide film 82 and a silicon film 83 in which impurities of a predetermined concentration are uniformly introduced are sequentially stacked on a silicon substrate 81 by a conventional method. To do.
- the silicon film 83 may be formed by increasing the thickness of the thin SOI silicon layer by impurity-doped epitaxial growth, or may be formed multiple times with different average ranges on the thick SOI silicon layer prepared in advance. Impurities may be introduced uniformly by channel implantation or thermal diffusion.
- the concentration of the impurity introduced into the channel region is a concentration that minimizes the Vth variation caused by the channel thickness fluctuation and the impurity variation.
- the volume concentration distribution of the impurity in the channel film is the statistical variation in the impurity volume concentration and the channel thickness design force of the gate length, and the channel concentration on the channel film and the variation in the volume concentration in the depth direction.
- the volume concentration at which ⁇ Vth is minimized is included.
- a hard mask layer is formed on the silicon film 83.
- the hard mask layer is made of, for example, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, or a mixed film thereof.
- resist application and exposure / development are performed to obtain a resist pattern.
- the hard mask layer is etched to form a hard mask 84 (see FIG. 20B).
- the silicon film 83 is etched using the hard mask 84 as a mask pattern to form a fin 85 shape as shown in FIG. 20 (c).
- a sacrificial oxide film layer 86 is deposited. Subsequently, annealing is performed, so that the impurities on the surface force of the fin 85 are also diffused outwardly into the sacrificial oxide film layer 86, as shown in FIG. As shown, the impurity concentration on the surface of the fin 85 is decreased.
- the diffusion rate of the impurities introduced into the silicon layer 83 is higher than that of the buried oxide film 82 and the node mask 84.
- a diffusion prevention layer is provided between the buried oxide film 82 and the fin 85. If out-diffusion of impurities into the hard mask 84 is significant, the same type of impurity may be additionally implanted vertically from the hard mask 84 to compensate for this.
- the sacrificial oxide film layer 86 is etched to form a gate oxide film 87 on the surface of the fin 85 (FIG. 21 (e)).
- the hard mask 84 may or may not be etched before the gate oxide film 87 is formed.
- FIG. 21 (e) shows a case where the hard mask 84 is etched.
- a sidewall 89 is formed on the side of the gate electrode 88, and ion implantation is performed using the sidewall 89 as a mask to form a source / drain diffusion region 90 in a self-aligned manner, as shown in FIG. 21 (g). Finally, the configuration of the FinFET in this embodiment is completed.
- the FinFET according to the present embodiment created in this way has a concentration force per unit area of impurities contained in a thin film channel (fin) region.
- the thickness of the fin increases as the MISFET increases. Vth variation due to statistical variation and impurity variation can be suppressed, and the total amount of impurities in the channel thin film is reduced compared to a uniform channel impurity distribution. The Vth variation due to this can be kept low.
- a method for introducing impurities into the channel region of the FinFET a method using channel implantation can be applied as in the planar SOI. That is, as shown in FIG. 23, the channel impurity may be introduced by performing ion implantation from only one side of the fin and further reaching the average range outside the fin.
- the channel thickness is defined as the fin width
- the depth in the channel region is defined as the distance when the ion implantation surface of the channel region is the surface.
- the cross-sectional shape of the FinFET has various forces such as ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, and gate all-around type. Pure products can be introduced, which can reduce the statistical variation of Vth.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a planar double gate FET according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- impurities are introduced into the thin film channel region so that the concentration per unit area of impurities contained in the thin film channel region becomes larger as the channel film thickness becomes larger as the thickness of the MISFET.
- a buried oxide film 92 is formed on a semiconductor substrate 91, and this buried oxide film 92 is formed on the buried oxide film 92.
- a source region 93, a drain region 94, and a thin film channel region 95 provided between these regions are formed.
- the thin film channel region 95 is sandwiched between a pair of gate electrodes 97 formed opposite to each other via a gate insulating film 96, and the gate electrode 97 formed below is formed. It is in contact with the surface of the buried oxide film 92.
- a gate sidewall 98 is formed on the side surface of the gate electrode 97 so as to separate the gate electrode 97 from the source region 93 and the drain region 94, and a gate insulating film is formed between the gate sidewall 98 and the thin film channel region 95. 96 are arranged. Furthermore, each region of the source “drain” gate electrode is wired. Although not shown, an interlayer insulating film, a plug, a wiring, and the like are formed on the transistor element and serve as an integrated circuit.
- the present embodiment is a semiconductor device having a planar double gate FET configured as described above, and an integrated circuit having a plurality of these planar double gate FETs.
- the source / drain portion may have a thickness greater than that of the thin film channel region, or the source / drain portion may be formed of a metal to form a so-called Schottky “source” drain structure.
- the material of the gate electrode may be polysilicon or a metal having an appropriate work function.
- the present invention can be applied to an integrated circuit including a MISFET having a thin film channel.
Abstract
Description
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