WO2007114461A1 - カロテノイドの製造方法 - Google Patents
カロテノイドの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007114461A1 WO2007114461A1 PCT/JP2007/057518 JP2007057518W WO2007114461A1 WO 2007114461 A1 WO2007114461 A1 WO 2007114461A1 JP 2007057518 W JP2007057518 W JP 2007057518W WO 2007114461 A1 WO2007114461 A1 WO 2007114461A1
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- carotenoid
- precipitate
- ethanol
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- washing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P23/00—Preparation of compounds containing a cyclohexene ring having an unsaturated side chain containing at least ten carbon atoms bound by conjugated double bonds, e.g. carotenes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/15—Vitamins
- A23L33/155—Vitamins A or D
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
- A23L5/42—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners
- A23L5/43—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using naturally occurring organic dyes or pigments, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
- A23L5/44—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using naturally occurring organic dyes or pigments, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives using carotenoids or xanthophylls
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
- A61K8/35—Ketones, e.g. benzophenone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9706—Algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9728—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/99—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from microorganisms other than algae or fungi, e.g. protozoa or bacteria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/18—Antioxidants, e.g. antiradicals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B61/00—Dyes of natural origin prepared from natural sources, e.g. vegetable sources
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing carotenoids, and more particularly, to an industrially suitable method for producing austaxanthin used as a food, pharmaceutical composition, or cosmetic ingredient.
- the present invention also provides a carotenoid-containing composition obtained by the above method, and further
- the present invention relates to a food, a pharmaceutical composition, or a cosmetic containing the carotenoid-containing composition.
- Carotenoids are natural pigments that exist widely in nature, and are polyen pigments that range from yellow to red or purple. Astaxanthin is one of the carotenoids found in nature, and exists in the free state or as an ester, and also exists as various chromoproteins by binding to proteins.
- Astaxanthin is widely used as a deep-fried fish and chicken egg color. It is also recognized as a food additive and is widely used in processed oily foods, proteinaceous foods, and aqueous liquid foods. Furthermore, because of its antioxidant activity against lipid peroxidation induced by free radicals and singlet oxygen scavenging action that reaches several hundred times that of ⁇ -tocopherol, it has functions that make use of its strong antioxidant activity. Expected to be used as food, cosmetics, or pharmaceuticals.
- Astaxanthin is widely distributed in nature such as salmon, trout, red sea bream fish, crustacean, shrimp, krill and other crustaceans, as well as bacteria belonging to the genus Agrobacterium, Brevi pacteria, Paracoccus, It is also produced by microorganisms such as Hematococcus green algae and Phaffia yeast.
- Carotenoids such as wastaxanthin and zeaxanthin are industrially produced by chemical synthesis methods, but those derived from natural products are required because of safety concerns. In particular, many methods for producing carotenoids containing austaxanthin derived from algae and microbes that are considered to be suitable for mass production have been reported.
- cultivated algal cyst cells are treated with heat acetone to elute chlorophyll, which is a contaminant, and then spray-dried the cyst cells.
- chlorophyll which is a contaminant
- the crude oily extract obtained by extracting the broken cells of the yeast with an organic solvent and concentrating the extract is purified by ion exchange chromatography, adsorption chromatography, etc. Go to the astaxanthin Although a method to obtain (Reference 4) has been reported, it is carried out by a non-industrial method, such as purification of a low-concentration crude astaxanthin by multiple column chromatography. As another method, a method of producing a crystallization by adding a hydrocarbon solvent to a crude oily substance obtained by extracting cells after cultivation of Phaffa yeast with acetone and concentrating the obtained extract ( Reference 5) has been reported.
- the resulting composition has a carotenoid content of only about 70 to 73% (36% to 42% astaxanthin content), and has a low purity of carotenoids with less biological impurities.
- it is also unsatisfactory in that there are concerns about the presence of acetone and hydrocarbon solvents in carotenoids.
- E-39 6 strain (FERM BP-4283: dated April 27, 1993) (the original deposit date), which is a production strain of austaxanthin, adonixanthin, etc.
- the center Tsukuba 1-chome, 1-chome, 1-chome, 1-chome, Ibaraki, Japan
- extraction is performed by contacting the cells with cyclic hydrophilic organic compounds that may be used in food production.
- (6) or a method using supercritical fluid extraction (Reference 7) as in Reference 3 has been reported.
- a method of performing liquid-liquid extraction by contacting E-396 strain with a water-soluble organic solvent, a nonpolar solvent and water has been reported (Reference 8).
- the present invention provides a carotenoid-rich composition using a high-purity, inexpensive and safe solvent and an industrial production method thereof, and further a functional food, pharmaceutical composition, or cosmetic containing the composition.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present inventor tried to obtain high-purity carotenoids by the conventional liquid-liquid extraction method. In many respects, it is industrially inefficient, as is the case with conventional purification technology in a low-concentration solution state. 2) Solvent recovery with fractionation from mixed organic solvents is not possible. 3) We found a new problem that the solvent to be used remains in the product and the safety is low.
- precipitation was obtained by extracting the microorganism culture containing carotenoide, its concentrate, or these dried products with lower alcohols, and then concentrating the extract.
- the present inventors have found that a high-purity carotenoid composition can be obtained by washing a product with water-containing lower alcohols or a combination of water-containing lower alcohols and hydrocarbon solvents, thereby completing the present invention.
- the microorganism culture is extracted with at least one of lower dialkyl ketones and ethers, and then the precipitate obtained by concentrating the extract is treated with at least one of lower alcohols and lower dialkyl ketones or a mixture thereof. It has been found that a high-purity carotenoid composition can be obtained by washing, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention has the following configuration. .
- a method for producing a carotenoid-containing composition comprising the following steps 1) to 3):
- a method for producing a carotenoid-containing composition comprising the following steps 1) to 3):
- a method for producing a carotenoid-containing composition comprising the following steps 1) to 3):
- a method for producing a carotenoid-containing composition comprising the following steps 1) to 3):
- carotenoid-containing composition is a composition containing 80% or more of carotenoid.
- the base sequence of the DNA corresponding to the 16 S ribosomal RNA of the microorganism is substantially homologous to the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 (1) to (8) The manufacturing method as described in.
- a highly pure, inexpensive and safe carotenoid-rich composition derived from a natural product and an industrial production method thereof are provided, and further, a functional food, a pharmaceutical composition, or a cosmetic containing the composition.
- the present invention extracts a culture of a microorganism, such as a microorganism culture containing a carotenoid, with at least one selected from the group consisting of lower alcohols, water-containing lower alcohols, lower dialkyl ketones and ethers.
- the present invention relates to a carotenoid production method.
- the method of the present invention has a carotenoid content of not less than 80%, preferably a carotenoid content of 90%, containing istaxanthin with a small amount of contaminants derived from living organisms and an extremely low content of organic solvents other than lower alcohols.
- the above composition can be obtained.
- the microorganism that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a microorganism that produces carotenoids, and examples thereof include Noracoccus bacteria, Haematococcus algae, and Phaffia yeasts. Especially the rapid growth rate, caroteno
- a bacterium in which the base sequence of DNA corresponding to 16 S liposome RNA is substantially homologous to the base sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing is preferable.
- Substantial homology means that the sequence is 94% or more, preferably 96% or more, more preferably 98% or more, considering the error frequency of DNA sequencing and spontaneous mutation in microorganisms. It means having sex.
- E-396 strain (FERM BP-4283) is particularly preferable. Also, it is a very suitable example to use a carotenoid high-producing strain selected for mutation treatment of these microorganisms to improve carotenoid productivity.
- the E-396 strain has been deposited internationally at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Patent Organism Depositary as follows.
- the method of mutation treatment is not particularly limited as long as it induces mutation.
- chemical methods using mutagen such as V_methyl -12 tallow V—ditrosoguanidine (NT G), ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), physical methods such as UV irradiation, X-ray irradiation, genes Biological methods such as recombination and transposon can be used.
- This mutation treatment may be performed once, or, for example, a mutation of a castaxanthin-producing microorganism may be obtained by this mutation treatment, and further mutation treatment may be performed, such as further mutation treatment.
- the microorganism culture used in the present invention is a culture obtained by using a method capable of efficiently culturing the above-mentioned microorganisms, for example, a liquid culture, a solid culture, or a combination thereof using the following medium: If so, there is no limitation.
- a nutrient medium used for culturing the microorganisms used in the present invention a nutrient medium containing a carbon source, a nitrogen source, and an inorganic salt necessary for the growth of the producing bacteria is sufficient. It may be preferable. In addition, it may be preferable to further add an amino acid, a nucleic acid base or the like.
- Carbon sources include glucose, sucrose, lactose, fructose, trenosose, mannose, mannitol, manoletos and other moss, acetic acid, fumaric acid, citrate, propionic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, etc.
- the nitrogen source for example, one or more of potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, ammonia, urea and the like are used.
- the addition ratio varies depending on the type of nitrogen source and may be adjusted as appropriate, but is usually 0.1 g to 30 g, preferably 1 to 10 g, relative to 1 L of the medium.
- Inorganic salts include potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, iron sulfate, iron chloride, manganese sulfate, manganese chloride, zinc sulfate, lead chloride, copper sulfate, chloride
- potassium dihydrogen phosphate dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate
- magnesium sulfate magnesium chloride
- iron sulfate iron chloride
- manganese sulfate manganese chloride
- zinc sulfate lead chloride
- copper sulfate chloride
- One or more of calcium, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, etc. are used.
- the addition ratio varies depending on the type of inorganic salt and may be adjusted as appropriate, but is usually from 0.001 to 10 g per 1 L of medium.
- the amount of vitamins to be added varies depending on the type of vitamins and may be adjusted as
- Amino acid, nucleobase, yeast extract, peptone, meat extract, malt extract, corn steep liquor, dry yeast, soybean meal, etc. may be added as appropriate depending on the type of substance. 0.2 to g to 20 ° g, preferably 3 to: LOO g.
- the pH of the medium is adjusted to 2 to 12, preferably 6 to 9.
- the culture conditions are 15 to 80 ° C, preferably 20 to 35 ° C, and the culture is usually performed under aerobic conditions for 1 to 20 days, preferably 2 to 8 days. Examples of the aerobic condition include shaking culture or aeration stirring culture.
- the culture solution is generally obtained by microbial cell concentrate obtained by membrane filtration concentration, centrifugation, pressurization or vacuum filtration, etc.
- wet cells obtained by the conventional filtration method are subjected to the following extraction using dry cells obtained by a generally known drying method such as spray drying, fluidized drying, rotary drum drying or freeze drying.
- a more preferred example is given.
- chemical treatment with alkaline reagents or surfactants, lytic enzymes, lipolytic enzymes, and so on at the stage of the culture solution cell concentrate, wet cells or dry cells.
- proteolytic enzymes One or more of the biochemical treatments used, or physical treatments such as ultrasonic or flour may be performed.
- the dried cells it is considered that about 1 Omg of aboutaxanthin is usually contained in 1 g.
- extraction solvent used for extraction from cultured microorganisms (culture of microorganisms), concentrates of cultures, or dried products thereof (also referred to herein as “cultured microorganisms” or “microorganism cultures”) used in the present invention
- solvent include one selected from the group consisting of lower alcohols, lower dialkyl ketones and ethers, or one or a combination thereof.
- the lower alcohols are preferably methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol, more preferably ethanol and isopropanol, and particularly preferably ethanol.
- the temperature of the solvent at the time of extraction is preferably from 0 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent used, and more preferably around 20 ° C. lower than the boiling point of the solvent used. In the case of ethanol, 25 ° C to 60 ° C is preferred, 40 ° C to 55 ° C is more preferred, and 45 ° C to 52 ° C is even more desirable.
- the amount of the extraction solvent may be an amount that can dissolve the amount of wastaxanthin contained in the microbial cells. For example, when extracting from dry cells using ethanol, the astaxanthin contained in the microbial cells is sufficient. For 1 g; -90 kg, preferably 6-20 kg.
- ethanol when extraction from 1 g of dry cells containing about 2 Omg of astaxanthin obtained from the above-mentioned cultured microorganisms used in the present invention is carried out with ethanol at 50 ° C, about 70 to 1800 g, preferably It is preferable to use ethanol in an amount of about 150 g to 700 g, more preferably about 250 g to 500 g.
- a lower dialkyl ketone or ether is used as the extraction solvent, for example, acetone, methyl ethinoleketone, or tetrahydrofuran is preferred. Acetone 'or tetrahydrofuran is more preferred, and caseone is particularly preferred.
- the temperature of the solvent at the time of extraction is preferably from o ° c to the boiling point of the solvent used, as described above, and more preferably around 5 ° C lower than the boiling point of the solvent used.
- acetone 25 ° (: ⁇ 55 ° C is preferred, 40 ° C to 55 ° C is more preferred, and 45 ° C to 52 ° C is more preferred.
- Amount of extraction solvent As long as the amount of astaxanthin contained in the cells can be dissolved, for example, when extracting from dry cells with acetone, 1 g of istaxanthin contained in the cells 0.2 to 18 kg, preferably 0.9 to 3 kg.
- the extraction time does not need to be particularly limited, but when extracting at room temperature or higher, a short time treatment is preferable in order to reduce a decrease in yield due to thermal decomposition.
- a short time treatment is preferable in order to reduce a decrease in yield due to thermal decomposition.
- it is preferably within 12 hours, more preferably within 8 hours, further preferably within 6 hours, particularly preferably within 4 hours, and most preferably within 3 hours.
- extracting with acetone at 50 ° C it is preferably within 12 hours, more preferably within 6 hours, more preferably within 3 hours, particularly preferably within 2 hours, and most preferably within 1 hour.
- Examples of a method for concentrating an extract obtained by extracting a microorganism culture or the like with lower alcohols include heating and vacuum concentration.
- the concentration may be 10 to 100 times the weight of the extract, preferably 30 times. ⁇ 500 times, more preferably 50 times to 400 times, particularly preferably 100 times to 200 times.
- Examples of the method for concentrating the extract obtained by extracting cultured microorganisms or the like with at least one of lower dialkyl ketones and ethers include heating and / or reduced-pressure concentration as described above. Further, it may be carried out in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas in order to prevent carotenoid oxidation as much as possible during concentration.
- the degree of concentration may be appropriately determined in consideration of the amount and purity of the resulting precipitate.
- the concentration may be 3 to 100 times the weight of the extract, preferably 7 to 50. Times, more preferably 15 times to 40 times, and particularly preferably 20 times to 30 times.
- the distillate obtained by concentrating the extract can be reused as it is for extraction from cultured microorganisms.
- the concentrated solution obtained after the concentration may be appropriately cooled in consideration of the amount and purity of the obtained precipitate to further promote precipitation.
- the cooling temperature at this time is, for example, a temperature 20 ° C. or more lower than the temperature at the time of extraction, or 5 ° C., 0 ° C., 15 ° (:, 10 ° C., etc.)
- seed precipitation (substance that causes precipitation, for example, a carotenoid solid such as carotenoid crystal) may be added for the purpose of smoothly generating a precipitate.
- Precipitates are collected using a vacuum or pressure filter or centrifuge. At this time, if necessary, the collected precipitate may be washed with a small amount of the same solvent as the extraction solvent. In addition, when it is desired to prevent carotenoid oxidation as much as possible, it may be performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas. Furthermore, considering that the solvent used for washing the precipitates to be purified after this will be recovered and reused multiple times, the solvent used in the extraction will remain as little as possible. It is preferable to devise a method for collecting precipitates under various conditions.
- the solvent is recovered from the filtrate containing biological contaminants generated when collecting the precipitate using a method such as distillation or distillation under reduced pressure, and is again used for extraction from cultured microorganisms and washing of the precipitate. Can be used.
- the undried product may be used for washing as it is, or a once dried product may be used.
- powdered powder may be used to increase the washing efficiency, or powdered powder may be added during washing.
- the solvent used for washing examples include any one of lower alcohols, water-containing lower alcohols, hydrocarbon solvents, lower dialkyl ketones, or combinations thereof.
- the method of the present invention when extraction is performed with a lower alcohol from a microorganism culture or the like, it is preferable to use a water-containing lower alcohol or a combination of a water-containing lower alcohol and a hydrocarbon solvent in the washing step.
- at least one of lower dialkyl ketones and ethers was extracted from a microorganism culture or the like.
- the precipitate obtained by concentrating the extract is washed with a lower alcohol (for example, an alcohol-containing solvent having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) or a lower dialkyl ketone (for example, a ketone-containing solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms).
- a lower alcohol for example, an alcohol-containing solvent having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- a lower dialkyl ketone for example, a ketone-containing solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms
- the lower alcohols include alcohols having 1 to 3 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, and isopropanol. Ethanol or isopropanol is preferable, and ethanol is particularly preferable.
- the water content in the lower alcohols is preferably from 5 to 95%, more preferably from 10 to 50%, particularly preferably from 20 to 40%.
- Examples of the lower dialkyl ketones include ketones having 3 to 6 carbon atoms such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone. Acetone or methyl ethyl ketone is preferable, and acetone is particularly preferable. Good.
- the present invention can further include a step of washing the precipitate obtained in the washing step with a hydrocarbon-based solvent.
- the hydrocarbons include alkyl having 5 to 7 carbon atoms such as pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, and heptane. Hexane or heptane is preferable, and hexane is particularly preferable.
- the combination of water-containing lower alcohols and hydrocarbon solvents is a mixture of water-containing lower alcohols (for example, water-containing ethanol) and hydrocarbon solvents (for example, hexane).
- water-containing lower alcohol After washing with a solvent (eg water-containing ethanol), followed by washing with a hydrocarbon solvent (eg hexane), the latter is preferred from the standpoint of washing efficiency.
- the lower limit amount of the solvent used for washing is preferably selected in such a small amount that it can be industrially considered in consideration of the purity of the precipitate. For example, when 25% water-containing ethanol is used, it is dried. When washing the dried sediment, it is based on its weight; when washing the undried sediment, the correlation between the volume or weight of the undried material and the dried sediment is set in advance. 2 times or more, preferably 4 times or more, more preferably 6 times or more, more preferably 10 times the dry weight calculated using the conversion factor that can be calculated.
- Double amount or more is preferable, and if necessary, 20 times or more amount may be used.
- the maximum amount is sufficient if it is 200 times the maximum amount, and in particular, from the viewpoint of industrial efficiency, it is preferably 1 to 0 times or less, more preferably 80 times or less, and 40 times the amount. The following is more preferable, and if the conditions are set in detail, a 20-fold amount or less, and in some cases a 10-fold amount is sufficient.
- hexane or acetone for example, when washing the dried precipitate, it is based on its weight; when washing the undried precipitate, It should be more than 30 times the weight of the dry matter calculated using the conversion factor that can be set by examining and setting the correlation with the dried precipitate in advance. Double amount or more, more preferably 40 times amount or more, and if necessary, 40 times amount or more may be used. In addition, as the upper limit, a maximum of 200 times is sufficient, especially from the viewpoint of industrial efficiency. Double amount or less is preferable, 80 times or less is more preferable, 60 times or less is more preferable, and about 50 times or less is sufficient if the conditions are set in detail.
- the method of washing is not limited at all, but for example, a method of filtering after suspension stirring or a method of passing the liquid from above the precipitate can be mentioned as a practically preferable method.
- the temperature at the time of washing is usually The temperature is preferably 1 ° C to 30 ° C, but may be 1 ° C or lower or 30 ° C or higher depending on the situation. However, the upper limit temperature is around the boiling point of the solvent used for washing (for example, 78 ° C for ethanol and 56 ° C for acetone). If it is desired to prevent carotenoid oxidation as much as possible, it may be performed in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen gas.
- the solvent used by methods such as distillation and vacuum distillation can be recovered from the waste liquid generated by washing to obtain high purity carotide from the precipitate, and the obtained solvent can be reused in the washing process.
- a step of washing with water at the end of washing is added if necessary.
- a method of adding a step of washing with a small amount of low-temperature water ethanol at the end may be mentioned as a preferable example.
- the carotenoid content in the carotenoid-containing composition obtained by using the above production method and the main component content such as panaxanthin are determined under the conditions of the purification process (for example, the extraction solvent and the washing solution) so that the yield is maximized. Type) can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the carotenoid content in the carotenoid-containing composition of the present invention is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 85% or more, still more preferably 90% or more, 9 1% or more is more preferable, 95% or more is more preferable, '97% or more is particularly preferable, and 98 ° / 0 or more is most preferable.
- the astaxanthin content in the carotenoid is preferably 40% or more, more preferably 45% or more, still more preferably 46% or more, particularly preferably 47% or more, and 50% or more. Is more preferably 55% or more, and most preferably 60% or more.
- a composition having a carotenoid content of 95% or more can be obtained.
- the precipitate obtained by concentrating the extract is washed with acetone, whereby a composition having a high tenotide content of 90% or more can be obtained.
- the production method of the present invention is a precipitate obtained by extracting from a microorganism culture or the like with at least one selected from the group consisting of lower alcohols, lower dialkyl ketones and ethers, and then concentrating the extract.
- the product is washed with lower alcohols, hydrocarbon solvents, or a combination thereof.
- Carotenoids can be obtained with high purity only by these extremely simple operations.
- the method of the present invention 1) does not require complicated operations, 2) is inefficient in the state of a low concentration solution of 1% or less such as column purification or liquid-liquid extraction. This is a significant advantage from an industrial point of view in that no purification operation for purification is required.
- 3) a high-purity carotenoid composition containing a high content of istaxanthin can be provided at low cost, and the potent rotenoid-containing composition obtained by the method of the present invention does not contain a halogen-based organic solvent. 4) Provide an excellent industrial production method in that the solvent used in each step can be easily recovered.
- a food, pharmaceutical composition or cosmetic containing the carotenoid-containing composition of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.
- Examples of the dosage form of a pharmaceutical containing a high purity carotenoid with a high content of austaxanthin produced by the production method of the present invention include powders, granules, pills, soft capsules, hard capsules, tablets, chewable tablets, fast disintegrating Tablets, syrups, solutions, suspensions, suppositories, ointments, creams, gels, adhesives, inhalants, injections, etc. These preparations are prepared according to conventional methods. However, since carotenoide is poorly soluble in water, it can be dissolved in non-hydrophilic organic solvents such as vegetable oils and animal oils, or emulsifiers, dispersants or surfactants.
- Additives that can be used for formulation include animal and vegetable oils such as soybean oil, safflower oil, olive oil, germ oil, sunflower oil, beef tallow, sardine oil, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, Surfactants such as polyhydric alcohols such as sorbitol, sorbitan fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, purified water, lactose, starch, crystalline cellulose, D-mannitol, lecithin, arabi gum, Examples include excipients such as sorbitol solution and sugar solution, other sweeteners, coloring agents, pH adjusting agents, and flavoring agents.
- the liquid preparation may be dissolved or suspended in water or other suitable medium when taken. Tablets and granules may be coated by a known method.
- Intravenous administration may be either intravenous infusion or porous administration.
- the dosage and dosage are 1 mg to 3 g, preferably 3 mg to lg, more preferably 10 mg to 67 Omg per day for an adult. In terms of 1 kg body weight, they are 1 7 ⁇ g to 50 mg, 5 4 g to 17 mg, and 1 60 ⁇ g to l 2 mg, respectively.
- the pharmaceutically effective amount, the administration method or administration means, and the administration period can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art according to the clinical state, sex, age, weight, etc. of the administration subject.
- Examples of the form of food containing the high purity carotenoide with a high content of austaxanthin of the present invention include supplements (powder, granules, soft capsules, hard strength pushells, tablets, chewable tablets, quick-disintegrating tablets, syrups, liquids, etc.) , Beverages (tea, carbonated drinks, lactic acid drinks, sports drinks, etc.), confectionery (gummy, jelly, gum, chocolate, cookies, candy, etc.), oils, fats and oils (mayonnaise, dressing, butter, cream, margarine, etc.) ), Seasonings (ketchup, sauce, etc.), liquid foods, dairy products (milk, yogurt, cheese, etc.), breads, rice cakes (udon, soba, ramen, pasta,
- Functional foods containing the high astaxanthin-rich carotenoid of the present invention include various nutrients, various vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin Bl, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin (:, Vitamin E, etc.), various minerals, dietary fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, other nutrients (Coenzyme Q10, carnitine, sesamin, ⁇ -lipoic acid, inositole, D-kaileunositol, pinitonore, phosphatidinole Serine, phosphatidinore DHA, phosphatidinoreinositol, taurine, darcosamine, chondroitin sulfate, S-adnosylmethionine, etc., dispersants, stabilizers such as emulsifiers, sweeteners, taste ingredients (queenic acid, malic acid, etc.), flavor, royal jelly, Propolis, agaritas, etc.
- harps such as peppermint, bergamot, force montmeal, and lavender may be blended.
- materials such as theanine, dehydroepiandosterone, and melatonin may be blended.
- the cosmetics containing the high-pure carotenoid having a wastaxanthin content of the present invention include creams, emulsions, lotions, microemanoleo essences, bathing agents, etc., and fragrances may be mixed. .
- carotenoid is used as a food or supplement, there is no particular limitation on the usage and dose, but it is 17 At g to 50 nig, preferably 54 ⁇ g to l 7 mg, more preferably in terms of 1 kg body weight.
- an amount of 10 g to 5 g, preferably 10 ig to 2 g, more preferably 10 / g to lg per 100 g of cosmetic can be blended.
- astaxanthin and carotenoide were quantified using fast liquid chromatography (HPLC).
- HPLC fast liquid chromatography
- two Wa kosil-II SIL-100 ( ⁇ 4.6 ⁇ 250 mm) (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were connected and used. Elution was performed by flowing 1.OmL / min of a mobile phase n-hexane-tetrahydrobrane-methanol mixture (40: 20: 1) at a constant temperature near room temperature.
- 20 ⁇ L of a sample dissolved in tetrahydrofuran diluted 100-fold in the mobile phase was used as the injection volume, and the column eluent was detected at a wavelength of 470 nm.
- astaxanthin (Cat. No. A9335) manufactured by Sigma was used as a standard for quantification. Astaxanthin concentration in the standard solution is set by the absorbance at 477 nm (A) of the standard solution. After measuring the area percentage% (B) of the astaxanthin peak when H'PLC analysis was performed under the conditions described above, the following formula was used.
- Example 1 Production of high-purity carotenoid with a content of astaxanthin ⁇ 1 Step 1: Culture process of E-396 strain
- Step 3 of this example About 80 g of the cooled concentrated solution obtained in Step 3 of this example was filtered under reduced pressure to obtain a precipitate cake containing carotenoid. 20 g of eta from the top of the cake After adding a sol and filtering and washing, it was dried under reduced pressure at 35 ° C. overnight to obtain 1.5 g of a dried precipitate. The contents of astaxanthin and carotenoide in the dried product were 38% and 64%, respectively.
- Process 5 Ethanol containing 25% water, hexane washing process, and drying process
- Example 1 To this dried product was added ethanol containing 37.5 g of ethanol recovered in Step 6 of Example 1 and 12.5 g of water, and 25% water-containing ethanol was added, and in accordance with Step 5 of Example 1. 20.5 g of 0.5% water-containing ethanol-washed and dried product was obtained. To the obtained 25% water-containing ethanol-washed dry product, 40 g of hexane recovered in Step 6 of Example 1 was added, and washing and drying were performed according to Step 5 of Example 1. 4 4 g was obtained.
- Example 3 Production of high-purity carotenoide with high content of astaxanthin 2
- the culture, extraction, concentration and precipitation steps of the bacterium are carried out in the same manner as in Step 1 to Step 3 of Example 1, and further in the step of Example 1.
- Step 3 about 80 g of the cooled concentrated liquid obtained in step 3 was filtered under reduced pressure to obtain a precipitate cake containing carotenoid.
- 20 g of ethanol was added from the top of the cake, and after filtration and washing, a portion of the cake was collected in order to examine the precipitation force rotenoid content.
- the drying step was omitted, and 100 g of ethanol containing 25% water was added from the top of the cake, followed by filtration and washing.
- This filtration washing cake was dried under reduced pressure at 35 ° C. overnight to obtain 1.5 g of a 25% water-containing ethanol washed dried product.
- the contents of wastaxanthin and carotenoide in the vacuum dried product before washing with ethanol containing 25% water were 3% each.
- the contents of wastaxanthin and carotenoide in the ethanol-dried dried product containing 25% water were 52% and 88%, respectively, while 8% and 64 '%.
- 85 g of ethanol was recovered from about 1 ° 0 g (about 120 ml) of the filtrate obtained by the precipitate filtration performed in accordance with Step 4 of Example 1.
- Example 3 9 kg of the distillate (ethanol) obtained in Example 3 was added to 1 g of the dry cells 31 used in Example 3, and carotenoid extraction and cell filtration according to Step 2 of Example 1 were performed. And 9 kg of extract was obtained.
- the extract was concentrated under reduced pressure according to Step 3 of Example 1, and about 40 g of a cooled concentrate was obtained.
- a precipitate was collected from the cooled concentrate according to Step 4 of Example 1. Further, the drying step was omitted in the same manner as in Example 3, and 37.5 g of the recovered ethanol obtained in Example 3 was mixed with 12.5 g of water. g was added over the precipitate cake and washed by filtration. This filter washing cake was dried under reduced pressure at 35 ° C.
- the astaxanthin composition obtained in Example 1 was added to vegetable oil so as to be 5% by weight of margarine, and then stirred uniformly with an emulsifier, etc. Margarine was prepared by the method described above. This margarine had a light red color due to the presence of wastaxanthin compared to normal margarine.
- Food example 2 Artificial salmon roe
- Example 2 After adding 0.6% of the astaxanthin composition obtained in Example 1 to a 1% aqueous sodium alginate solution and dispersing with a homogenizer, 5. / 0 Dropped into salted calcium coagulation solution and molded into a spherical shape with a diameter of 5 mni. The appearance was close to nature, and it was very similar to Ikura in terms of shape, color, and taste.
- Example 2 Using 1 part by weight of the tenoride-containing composition obtained in Example 1, 330 parts by weight of crystalline cellulose, 15 parts by weight of carmellose monocalcium, 10 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose and 60 parts by weight of purified water After blending and drying by a usual method, 10 parts by weight of magnesium stearate was added, and the mixture was beaten to obtain 100 mg tablets containing 20 mg of carotenoid-containing composition per tablet. .
- the wastaxanthin-containing composition obtained in Example 1 was added to white petrolatum so as to be 10% by weight, and stirred uniformly with a fragrance and the like to prepare a cream by a usual method.
- a medium consisting of glucose 2 g / L, meat extract 3 g / L, peptone I 0 g / L, sodium chloride 5 gZL 10 ml in a 18 mm diameter test tube 1 Steam sterilized at 21 ° C for 15 minutes. E-396 strain (FERM BP-4283) was inoculated with 1 platinum ear, and reciprocal shaking culture at 300 rpm was performed at 30 ° C for 6 days. 200 cultures (2 L) of this culture broth were centrifuged and then lyophilized to obtain dry cells containing 16 mg of astaxanthin in lg. Process 2: ASETON extraction process
- Carotenoids including austaxanthin were extracted while stirring at 50 ° C for 1 hour. Next, the cells are removed by filtration, and the cell cake is further washed with acetone to give wastaxanthin 0.034% (w tZw t), carotenoid weight concentration 0.0.
- Example 5 40 g of ethanol recovered in Step 6 of Example 5 was added to this dried product, and washing and drying were performed according to Step 5 of Example 5 to obtain 0.72 g of an ethanol-washed dried product.
- the content of wastaxanthin and carotenoide in the vacuum-dried product before ethanol washing was 33% and 70%, respectively, while that of wastaxanthin and carotenoid in the ethanol-washed product was 46% and 97%, respectively. Met.
- Example 7 Production of high-purity carotenoid with high content of astaxanthin 4
- the culture, extraction, concentration and precipitation steps of the fungus are the same as steps 1 to 3 in Example 5.
- Step 4 of Example 5 about 80 g of the cooled concentrated liquid obtained in Step 3 was filtered under reduced pressure to obtain a precipitate cake containing carotenoid. Further, 20 g of acetone was added from the top of the cake, and after filtering and washing, a portion of the cake was collected to examine the carotenoid content of the precipitate.
- the drying step was omitted, and 80 g of ethanol was added from the top of the cake, followed by filtration and washing. This filter washing cake was dried under reduced pressure at 35 ° C.
- acetone was recovered from about 100 g (about 120 ml) of the filtrate obtained by precipitation filtration performed in accordance with Step 4 of Example 5, and the process of Example 5 was performed. From about 80 g (about 100 mL) of the filtrate obtained in the ethanol washing step performed according to 5, 75 g of ethanol slightly mixed with acetone was recovered.
- Example 1 1.1 kg of the distillate (acetone) obtained in Example 7 was added to 25 g of the dried cells used in Example IV, and carotenoid extraction and cells in accordance with Step 2 of Example 5 were performed. Filtration was performed to obtain 1.1 kg of an extract. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure according to Step 3 of Example 5, and about 40 g of a cooled concentrate was obtained. A precipitate was collected from this cooled concentrated solution according to Step 4 of Example 5. Next, 10 g of the recovered acetone obtained in Example 7 was added from above the cake of the precipitate, washed by filtration, and the ethanol recovered in Example 7 without the drying step as in Example 7. 40 g was added and further filtered and washed. This filter washed cake was dried overnight at 35 ° C.
- Example 9 Production of high-purity carotenoid having a high content of wastaxanthin 5 The same as in Example 5 except that acetone cleaning was performed instead of ethanol cleaning. The contents of astaxanthin and carotenoid were 45% and 91%, respectively.
- the method of the present invention is a method using solidification / solid washing rather than liquid-liquid distribution.
- a solvent that can be used safely and dissolves only at a concentration of 1% or less is used, a conventional method is used for liquid separation. While it is sometimes necessary to use a large amount of dilute liquid, and therefore, very large equipment is required and inefficient, the method of the present invention can be said to be small in scale.
- Example 5 carotenoids were treated with about 1.8% (w tZw t) of the carotenoid suspension, while in Comparative Example 1, the carotenoid concentration was about 0.07. It was necessary to contact a 5 L aqueous layer with 3.7 L of a hexane solution with a low carotenoid concentration of% (wt / wt). From this point, the present invention is industrially more efficient than the method of Comparative Example 1. It became clear.
- the total volume of aceton and petanol used in Example 5 was 2.925 L, while that used in Comparative Example 1 was aceton, hexane, and hexane.
- the total volume of 1% saline was 8.725 L, and the amount of process liquid handled was about three times as large. Therefore, it was revealed that the method of the present invention is industrially more efficient.
- the astaxanthin composition obtained in Example 5 was added to vegetable oil so as to be 5% by weight of margarine, and then stirred uniformly with an emulsifier. Margarine was prepared by the method. This margarine had a light red color due to the presence of wastaxanthin compared to normal margarine.
- Example 5 The astaxanthin composition obtained in Example 5 was added to a 1% sodium alginate aqueous solution at 0.6%, dispersed with a homogenizer, dropped into a 5% saline-calcium coagulation solution, and spherical with a diameter of 5 mm. Molded into. The appearance was close to nature and was very similar to icyra in terms of shape, color, and taste.
- the composition containing forceps theotide obtained in Example 5 is 30 parts by weight of crystalline cellulose, 30 parts by weight of carmellose monocalcium, 15 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl cellulose, and 6 parts of purified water. After blending and drying by 0 parts by weight in a usual manner, 10 parts by weight of magnesium stearate is added, tableting is performed, and 20 mg of a carotenoid-containing composition is contained per tablet. 0 mg of formulation was obtained.
- Example 5 Suspended in 1 part by weight of the tenoride-containing composition obtained in Example 5 in 5 parts by weight of soybean oil, mixed well to be homogeneous, and then filled into capsules by a capsule filling machine. About 300 mg of reddish brown capsules were obtained.
- Example 5 The wastaxanthin-containing composition obtained in Example 5 was added to white petrolatum so as to be 10% by weight, stirred uniformly with a fragrance and the like, and the cream agent was added by a normal method. Produced. Industrial applicability
- n is a, c, g or t (location: 1350)
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ES07740954.8T ES2548520T3 (es) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-28 | Proceso para la producción de carotenoides |
US12/294,762 US8097761B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-28 | Process for production of carotenoid |
EP07740954.8A EP2017262B1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-28 | Process for production of carotenoid |
CA2647451A CA2647451C (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-28 | Process for the production of carotenoid compositions |
CN2007800113559A CN101410371B (zh) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-28 | 类胡萝卜素的制造方法 |
AU2007232749A AU2007232749B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2007-03-28 | Process for production of carotenoid |
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JP2006087223A JP5116982B2 (ja) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | カロテノイドの製造方法 |
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JP2006-149794 | 2006-05-30 | ||
JP2006149794A JP5116994B2 (ja) | 2006-05-30 | 2006-05-30 | カロテノイドの製造方法 |
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JPWO2013002398A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-30 | 2015-02-23 | 株式会社カネカ | カロテノイド組成物の製造方法 |
CN114225472A (zh) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-03-25 | 上海交通大学 | 一种天然低共熔溶剂及其制备方法和应用于提取叶黄素 |
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JP4969370B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-29 | 2012-07-04 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | カロテノイドの製造方法 |
JP2009201503A (ja) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-09-10 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | アスタキサンチン含有抽出物の香味改善方法 |
AU2009304688B2 (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2012-11-08 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation | Carotenoid fermentation method |
JP5155898B2 (ja) | 2009-01-30 | 2013-03-06 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | カロテノイドの分離法 |
JP5149837B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2013-02-20 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | カロテノイドの製造方法 |
KR102072838B1 (ko) | 2012-10-02 | 2020-02-03 | 주식회사 다이셀 | 카로테노이드 함유 조성물의 제조 방법 및 카로테노이드 함유 조성물 |
JP6689831B2 (ja) | 2014-10-02 | 2020-04-28 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | アスタキサンチン及びカンタキサンチンの精製方法 |
CN112299954A (zh) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-02 | 诸城市浩天药业有限公司 | 一种制备肌醇和副产物的工艺方法 |
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CA2647451C (en) | 2013-05-28 |
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CA2647451A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
EP2017262B1 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
US20100174118A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
EP2017262A1 (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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