WO2007108490A1 - セラミックヒータ及びグロープラグ - Google Patents
セラミックヒータ及びグロープラグ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007108490A1 WO2007108490A1 PCT/JP2007/055753 JP2007055753W WO2007108490A1 WO 2007108490 A1 WO2007108490 A1 WO 2007108490A1 JP 2007055753 W JP2007055753 W JP 2007055753W WO 2007108490 A1 WO2007108490 A1 WO 2007108490A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- ceramic heater
- pair
- lead portions
- ceramic
- Prior art date
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910016006 MoSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQZSQOYXZGDGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W].[Pb] Chemical compound [W].[Pb] PQZSQOYXZGDGQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007656 fracture toughness test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
- F23Q2007/004—Manufacturing or assembling methods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/027—Heaters specially adapted for glow plug igniters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ceramic heater used for an ignition source such as a glow plug, and a glow plug using the ceramic heater.
- the temperature rise performance is required to reach 1000 ° C in about 2 to 3 seconds when 11V is applied.
- the tip portion has a high resistance and the lead portion has a low resistance due to the silicon nitride tungsten carbide composite sintered body that is a conductive ceramic.
- a heating resistor is formed.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-203665
- Patent Document 2 JP 2002-220285 A
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-289327
- the heating resistor has a structure in which the heat generating portion at the tip is narrowed and the lead portion is thickened.
- the lead portion with a large diameter is subject to large thermal stresses during the manufacturing and use processes, so that defects such as gaps are likely to occur at the interface between the heating resistor and the insulating substrate.
- the lead section is all-seated with conductive ceramic.
- the total length of the ceramic heater tends to be longer than that of a heater using tungsten lead wires, so the thermal stress applied during the manufacturing and use processes tends to increase. Therefore, all ceramic heaters are particularly prone to problems such as gaps at the interface.
- the present invention has been made in view of the current situation, and has problems such as a gap between the heating resistor and the insulating substrate at the interface between the heating resistor and the insulating substrate. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic heater which is difficult to occur and a glow plug using the ceramic heater. Means for solving the problem
- the solving means is a ceramic heater that has a form extending in the axial direction and that generates heat at its tip when energized.
- the insulating base is made of an insulating ceramic and extends in the axial direction.
- a heating resistor made of conductive ceramic and supported on the insulating substrate, the heating resistor being embedded in the distal end portion of the insulating substrate and extending from the proximal side to the distal side, After the direction change, it is configured to extend to the base end side again, connected to the heat generating portion that generates heat when energized, and the base end of the heat generating portion, and extends to the base end side in the axial direction.
- a cross-section of the ceramic heater perpendicular to the axial direction including a pair of lead portions and a pair of lead extraction portions that are respectively connected to the pair of lead portions and extend outward in the radial direction and exposed to the outside
- a virtual straight line including a line segment in which a gap a between the pair of lead portions measured along the virtual straight line is minimized among virtual straight lines passing through the center of the cross section.
- the ceramic heater satisfies the formula a ⁇ 0.15 (b + c), where b and c are the minimum virtual lines and the dimensions of the pair of lead portions on the minimum virtual line are b and c.
- thermal expansion coefficient is different between the insulating ceramic and the conductive ceramic, thermal stress is applied in the manufacturing process and use process of the ceramic heater. Problems such as gaps between the two and the insulating substrate are likely to occur. Such a defect is particularly likely to occur at the interface between the lead portion and the portion of the insulating substrate sandwiched between the pair of lead portions.
- the reason is that the thermal expansion coefficient of the lead part is larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of the insulating base, so that each lead part shrinks more than the insulating base when the temperature after firing or after use decreases. At that time, sandwiched between the leads of the insulating base This is because the part is pulled to both sides by the lead part, and a greater stress is applied than the other part.
- the temporary segment including the line segment in which the gap a between the pair of lead portions measured along the virtual straight line is minimized.
- the imaginary line be the minimum virtual line
- b and c be the dimensions of the pair of leads on this minimum virtual line.
- the gap a is increased so as to satisfy the equation a ⁇ 0.15 (b + c).
- the “pair of lead portions” may be connected to the base end of the heat generating portion and extend to the base end side in the axial direction, but the ceramic heater orthogonal to the axial direction may be used. In the cross section, it is preferable that they are symmetrical with respect to a straight line including the center of the ceramic heater (insulating base). This is because the generated stress becomes symmetric, so that distortion such as deformation occurs in the ceramic heater.
- a pair of lead portions refers to each lead portion in the cross section of the ceramic heater perpendicular to the axial direction in which the dimensions b and c of each lead portion on the minimum virtual line are perpendicular to the minimum virtual line. It is preferable to have a shape that is smaller than the above dimension.
- the shape of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the lead portion include an elliptical shape and an oval shape whose minor axis corresponds to the above dimensions b and c, and an arcuate shape in which the strings are arranged to face each other. .
- the “heating resistor” is not particularly limited as long as it is made of a conductive ceramic, and examples thereof include a conductive ceramic composed of a conductive component and an insulating component.
- the conductive component include silicides, carbides, nitrides and the like of one or more metal elements selected from W, Ta, Nb, Ti, Mo, Zr, Hf, V, Cr, and the like.
- An example of the insulating component is silicon nitride.
- the “insulating base” may be made of an insulating ceramic, for example, a silicon nitride sintered body.
- the silicon nitride fired body may be made of only silicon nitride, or silicon nitride as a main component, and a small amount of aluminum nitride, alumina, or the like. Because it is contained,
- another solving means is a ceramic heater having a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction and generating heat at its tip end when energized.
- the cylindrical heater is made of an insulating ceramic and extends in the axial direction.
- an exothermic resistor made of conductive ceramic and embedded in the insulating substrate, and the exothermic resistor is embedded in the distal end portion of the insulating substrate, from the base end side.
- the distal end side After extending to the distal end side and changing direction, it is configured to extend to the proximal end side again, and is connected to the heat generating portion that generates heat by energization and the proximal end of the heat generating portion, respectively, and the proximal end side in the axial direction
- a pair of lead portions that extend in the axial direction and a pair of lead extraction portions that are respectively connected to the pair of lead portions and that extend outward in the radial direction and are exposed to the outside.
- Cross section of the ceramic heater orthogonal In any cross section where the lead portion exists, the diameter of the insulating base is D (mm), and a pair of the lead portions measured along the virtual straight line out of the virtual straight line passing through the center of the cross section.
- a virtual straight line including a line segment having a minimum gap a (mm) is defined as a minimum virtual straight line, and the dimensions of the pair of lead portions on the minimum virtual straight line are defined as b (mm) and c (mm), respectively.
- the ceramic heater satisfies 2 ⁇ D ⁇ 10 and satisfies the formula a ⁇ D— (b + c) —0 ⁇ 2.
- the insulating ceramic and the conductive ceramic have different coefficients of thermal expansion, so that thermal stress is applied in the manufacturing process and use process of the ceramic heater, so that Problems such as a gap between the insulating substrate and the like are likely to occur.
- Such a defect is caused by a portion of the insulating base that is located radially outside the lead portion and covers the lead portion.
- the diameter of the insulating base is D (mm), and the gap between the pair of lead portions measured along the virtual straight line out of the virtual straight line passing through the center of the cross section of the ceramic heater.
- a The virtual line with the smallest (mm) is defined as the minimum virtual line
- each dimension of the pair of lead parts be b (mm) and c (mm).
- the gap a is made small so as to satisfy the expression a ⁇ D— (b + c) ⁇ 0.2.
- an insulating substrate having a thickness of 0.1 mm or more (0.2 mm or more on both sides) can be secured outside the pair of lead portions. For this reason, in the manufacturing process and the use process, problems such as a gap between the insulating substrate and the lead part and the interface between the lead part and the like will occur.
- the ceramic heater is a ceramic heater satisfying the formula a ⁇ 0.15 (b + c).
- the gap a between the lead portions is increased so as to satisfy a ⁇ 0.15 (b + c).
- the stress applied to the portion of the insulating substrate sandwiched between the lead portions during the manufacturing process and the use process is reduced. Therefore, the gap between the part covering the lead part of the above-mentioned insulating substrate and the part sandwiched between the lead parts of the insulating substrate only at the interface with the lead part and the interface with the lead part is larger than before. It is less likely to cause problems such as
- Another solution is a globe lug including any one of the ceramic heaters described above.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a glow plug according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ceramic heater according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 among the ceramic heaters according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 among the ceramic heaters according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the glow plug 100 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 shows the ceramic heater 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view. Further, FIG. 3 shows a cross section (A-A cross section in FIG. 2) of the ceramic heater 110 perpendicular to the axis AX direction.
- This glow plug 100 has a shape extending in the direction of the axis AX, and is made of ceramic. Mic heater 110 and cylindrical main body tool 150 that covers and holds the base end side of ceramic heater 110 are provided. As will be described later, since the ceramic heater 110 is less susceptible to problems such as a gap at the interface between the heating resistor 115 and the insulating base 111 during use, the glow plug 100 is reliable. Is expensive.
- the ceramic heater 110 is held in the through hole 150h of the metal shell 150 via the fixed cylinder 120, and the tip portion 110s side that generates heat when energized protrudes from the tip portion 150s of the metal shell 150.
- the ceramic heater 110 has a cylindrical shape extending in the direction of the axis AX and an insulating base 111 whose tip (lower end in FIG. 2) is rounded into a hemisphere, and the axis of the insulating base 111 in the direction of the axis AX And a heating resistor 115 carried along the line.
- the insulating base 111 is formed of a silicon nitride sintered body that is an insulating ceramic, and has a diameter D of 3.3 mm and a length in the axis AX direction of 42 mm. Further, the thermal expansion coefficient of this insulating substrate 111 at room temperature is 3.2 ppm / ° C.
- the heat generating resistor 115 is formed of a silicon nitride tungsten carbide composite sintered body, which is a conductive ceramic, and includes a heat generating portion 116, a pair of lead portions 117, 117, and a pair of lead extraction portions 118a, 118b. And power.
- the total length L of the heating resistor 115 in the axis AX direction is 40. Omm.
- the average particle diameter of the silicon nitride particles contained in the heating resistor 115 is 0.6 / im.
- the heating resistor 115 has a coefficient of thermal expansion at room temperature of 3.8 ppm / ° C. Therefore, the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the insulating substrate 111 and the heating resistor 115 at room temperature is 0.6 ⁇ 6 ppm / ° C.
- the heat generating portion 116 is a portion on the distal end side (downward) from the broken line BL in FIG. 2, and is embedded in the distal end portion Ills of the insulating substrate 111, from the proximal end side (upward in FIG. 2). Extends to the distal end (downward in Fig. 2), changes direction, and then extends to the proximal end again.
- the heat generating portion 116 is formed to be thinner than the lead portions 117 and 117 in order to have high resistance.
- the lead portions 117 and 117 are connected to the base ends 116k and 116k of the heat generating portion 116, respectively, and extend in the same thickness (the same cross-sectional area) on the base end side in the axis AX direction.
- the lead portions 117 and 117 are formed thicker than the heat generating portion 116 in order to reduce resistance.
- the cross section is substantially elliptical, and is symmetrical with respect to a virtual straight line tl including the center g of the ceramic heater 110 (insulating base 111).
- sectional entire area Sa of the ceramic heater 110 is 8. 55 mm 2
- the total cross-sectional area S1 of the lead portion 117, 117 is 1. 68mm 2.
- the virtual straight line that minimizes the gap between the pair of lead portions 117 and 117 measured along the virtual straight line is defined as the minimum virtual straight line kl.
- the gap between the pair of lead portions 117 and 117 is a, and the dimensions of the pair of lead portions 117 and 117 are b and c, respectively.
- the insulating ceramic and the conductive ceramic have different coefficients of thermal expansion. Therefore, thermal stress is applied in the manufacturing process and use process of the ceramic heater 110, so that the insulating substrate 111 and Problems such as a gap formed between the two at the interface with the heating resistor 115 are likely to occur. Such a defect is particularly likely to occur at the interface between the portion 111m of the insulating substrate 111 sandwiched between the lead portions 117 and 117 and the lead portions 117 and 117.
- the gap a between the lead portions 117 and 117 is increased so as to satisfy the expression a 0.15 (b + c).
- the stress applied to the portion 11 lm sandwiched between the lead portions 117 and 117 in the insulating substrate 111 during the manufacturing process and the use process is reduced. Therefore, at the interface between the portion 111m of the insulating substrate 111 sandwiched between the lead portions 117 and 117 and the lead portions 117 and 117, it is less likely to cause a problem such as a gap between them.
- a defect such as a gap between the heating resistor 115 and the insulating base 111 causes the lead in the insulating base 111 to be located radially outside the lead portions 117 and 117. 3 ⁇ 4 117, 117 covering the gap 11 In, ll ln and lead lead 117 Easy to stick. For this reason, it is necessary to secure a sufficient thickness of the portions ll ln and 111 n covering the lead portions 117 and 117 in the insulating base 111 to suppress problems such as a gap.
- the gap a between the lead portions 117 and 117 is expressed by the equation a ⁇ D— (b
- the lead extraction portions 118a and 118b are connected to the pair of lead portions 117 and 117, respectively, and extend outward in the radial direction to be exposed to the outside.
- the lead extraction portions 118a and 118b are arranged with a gap K of 5 mm or more (specifically, 5 mm) as viewed in the axis AX direction.
- One lead extraction portion 118a located on the distal end side (downward in FIGS. 1 and 2) is electrically connected to the metal shell 150 via the fixed cylinder 120.
- the other lead extraction portion 118b located on the base end side is electrically connected to the energizing terminal 151 via the lead coil 153 as described later.
- the total cross-sectional areas S1 of the lead portions 117 and 117 are made different, and the gaps a and
- Nine types of ceramic heaters 110 were manufactured by varying the dimensions b and c of the lead portions 117 and 117 in the width direction (alignment direction). Specifically, as shown in Table 1, the total cross-sectional area S1 of the lead portions 117 and 117 was set to 0.30 Sa or 0.34 Sa.
- the clearance a between the lead rods 117 is 0.15mm, 0.20mm, 0.29mm, 0.70mm, 1.00mm, 1.20mm, 1.25mm, 1.50mm.
- the total cross-sectional area S1 of the lead parts 117 and 117 is 0.34 Sa
- the gap a between the lead parts 117 and 117 is 0.25 mm
- the cross-sectional area Sa of each ceramic heater 110 is the same as the above-mentioned value, and is 8.55 mm 2 .
- the diameter D is 3.30 mm, which is the same as described above.
- the residual stress of each ceramic heater 110 was measured. Specifically, this residual stress was obtained by obtaining the toughness value at the cross-sectional position by the method specified in the JIS R1607 fracture toughness test method, and converting this acquired toughness value into a residual stress value by FEM analysis. It is.
- each ceramic heater 110 was measured. Specifically, the bending strength was measured by the following bending strength measurement method based on JIS R1601. Each ceramic heater 110 is supported so as to straddle the center of the axis AX direction of the ceramic heater 110 (12 mm between spans), the crosshead moving speed is set to 0.5 mm / min, and a load is applied to the center of the ceramic heater 110. .
- an energization endurance test was performed for each ceramic heater 110. Specifically, this energization endurance test is performed by connecting a DC power supply to the ceramic heater 110 at room temperature and adjusting the voltage so that the surface temperature of the ceramic heater 110 reaches 1450 ° C in 2 seconds. Heat, then cool to room temperature by air cooling for 30 seconds. Taking this as one cycle, the number of cycles until the heating resistor 115 was damaged was measured.
- Example 1 in which the distance a was 0.20 mm, there was no problem with the finished product as the ceramic heater 110, but a burr generated when the heating resistor 115 was produced by injection molding caused a short circuit. In addition, since a precise process is required in the removal process for removing the burr, there may be a problem that the manufacturing yield is lowered.
- Example 3 in which the distance a was 1 ⁇ 50 mm, although high energization durability was obtained by reducing the residual stress, the bending strength was only 692 MPa, which is 800 MPa or less. The current-carrying durability and the bending strength are in a trade-off relationship. In Example 2, both are high. Realizes performance.
- Examples 4 to 9 in which the cross-sectional area S1 is 0.34Sa will be described. These examples also show the same tendency as in Examples 1 to 3 in which the cross-sectional area S1 is 0.30 Sa. Specifically, in Examples 4 and 5 that do not satisfy a ⁇ 0.15 (b + c), the residual stress is higher and the energization durability is relatively low compared to the other examples. However, high bending strength is obtained.
- Example 9 which does not satisfy a ⁇ D_ (b + c) -0.2, the residual stress can be reduced, and excellent energization durability can be obtained even though the cross-sectional area S1 is relatively large.
- bending strength it remains at 756 MPa below 800 MPa as described above.
- both the current-carrying durability and the bending strength are high.
- a cylindrical fixed cylinder 120 is attached to the outer periphery of the ceramic heater 110 and is fixed by a brazing material.
- the fixed cylinder 120 is inserted into the through hole 150h of the metal shell 150, and is fixed by a brazing material.
- a rod-shaped energizing terminal 151 is inserted into the cylindrical metal shell 150.
- the leading end B151s of the energizing terminal 151 and the base end BlOk of the ceramic heater 110 described above are electrically connected via a lead connoire 153.
- the lead coil 153 is wound around the distal end portion 151 of the energizing terminal 151 and welded, and is wound around the proximal end portion 110k of the ceramic heater 110 and is provided at the proximal end portion 110k. It is welded in contact with the lead extraction part 118b (see Fig. 2).
- the base end side portion of the energizing terminal 151 protrudes from the base end portion 150k of the metal shell 150 to the base end side (upper side in the drawing) through the main metal fixture 150.
- a male screw is threaded on the outer periphery of the protruding part to form a male screw part 151 ⁇ . Yes.
- the base end 150k of the metallic shell 150 is a tool engaging portion 150r having a hexagonal cross section for engaging a tool such as a torque wrench when the glow plug 100 is attached to a diesel engine. .
- a mounting screw portion 150t is formed immediately on the tip side.
- the base end 150k of the metal shell 150 is formed with a counterbore 150z in a through hole 150h, and a rubber O-ring 161 through which a current-carrying terminal 151 is passed, and a nylon insulating bush 163. It is inset.
- a pressing ring 165 for preventing the insulation bush 163 from falling off is mounted.
- the pressing ring 165 is fixed to the energizing terminal 151 by caulking the outer periphery thereof. Further, a portion corresponding to the holding ring 165 of the energizing terminal 151 is a knurled portion 151r whose outer peripheral surface is subjected to a singlet process in order to increase the caulking coupling force.
- a nut 167 is screwed onto the proximal end side of the presser ring 165. The nut 167 is for fixing an energization cable (not shown) to the energization terminal 151.
- Such a glow plug 100 is attached to a mounting hole formed in a cylinder head of a diesel engine (not shown) using a mounting screw portion 150t of the metal shell 150.
- the tip 110s of the ceramic heater 110 is arranged in the side force engine combustion chamber.
- the lead terminal 153, one lead outlet ⁇ B118b, one lead ⁇ 117, the heat generating part 116, the other lead part, etc. 117 current flows through the other lead extraction part 118a and the metal shell 150.
- the temperature of the tip 110s of the ceramic heater 110 where the heat generating part 116 exists rapidly rises.
- spraying the nozzle force fuel of a fuel spray device assists the ignition of the fuel, and the diesel engine starts by the combustion of the fuel.
- the ceramic heater 110 and the glow plug 100 described above can be manufactured with a known technique.
- the ceramic heater 110 is manufactured as follows. That is, 88 parts by mass of silicon nitride raw material powder was blended with 10 parts by mass of Yb 2 O powder and 2 parts by mass of SiO powder as sintering aids.
- a raw material for edge components 40% by mass of the raw material for insulating components and WC powder, which is a conductive ceramic 60% by weight of the powder is wet-mixed for 72 hours and then dried to obtain a mixed powder. Thereafter, the mixed powder and the binder are put into a kneader and kneaded for 4 hours. Next, the obtained kneaded material is cut into pellets. Next, the pelletized kneaded material is injected by an injection molding machine into an injection mold having a U-shaped cavity corresponding to the heating resistor 115, and unfired heat generation made of a conductive ceramic. Get a resistor.
- This is granulated by spray dryer method, and two halves are prepared by compacting this granulated product. These two halves are formed into shapes corresponding to the respective divided portions when the insulating base 111 after completion is divided into two by a cross section substantially parallel to the axis AX. A concave portion having a shape corresponding to the unfired heating resistor is formed in a portion corresponding to the divided surface. Then, an unfired heating resistor is accommodated in this recess, and the two halves are combined and pressed and integrated in this state to obtain an unfired ceramic heater.
- the unfired ceramic heater is calcined at 600 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to remove binders and the like from the unfired heating resistor by injection molding and the unfired body to be an insulating substrate. Obtain a sintered body. Thereafter, the calcined body is set on a graphite pressure die and hot-press fired at 1800 ° C. for 1.5 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere while being pressurized at 29.4 MPa to obtain a fired body. If the centerless polishing process is applied to the surface (outer surface) of the fired body, the ceramic heater 110 is completed.
- the glow plug 100 is manufactured as follows. That is, first, the ceramic heater 110 and the energizing terminal 151 are connected via the lead coil 153. In addition, the fixed cylinder 120 is attached to the ceramic heater 110, and both are fixed by a brazing material. Then, the metal shell 150 is prepared, and the ceramic heater 110, the energizing terminal 151 and the fixed cylinder 110 are inserted into the metal shell 150 through-hole 105h, and the metal shell 150 and the fixed cylinder 120 are fixed with a brazing material. Thereafter, the ring 161 is fitted into the counterbore 150z formed at the base end 150k of the metal shell 150, and the insulating bush 163 is further fitted. Further, the presser ring 165 is crimped and attached. If the nut 167 is fixed at a predetermined position, the glow plug 100 is completed.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the ceramic heater 210 (cross section corresponding to FIG. 3 of the first embodiment). Also in the second embodiment, the lead portions 217 and 217 have a substantially elliptic shape and are symmetrical with respect to a straight line (not shown) including the center g of the insulating base 211.
- a virtual line including a line segment in which the gap between the pair of lead portions 217 and 217 measured along the virtual line is minimized is a minimum virtual line.
- the straight line is kl.
- a gap between the pair of lead portions 217 and 217 is a, and dimensions of the pair of lead portions 217 and 217 are b and c, respectively.
- the gap a between the lead portions 217 and 217 is expressed by the equation a ⁇ 0.15 (b
- the gap a between the lead portions 217 and 217 is reduced so as to satisfy the expression a ⁇ D_ (b + c) _0.2, 0 is placed outside the lead portions 217 and 217, respectively. It is possible to secure an insulating substrate 211 (21 In) having a thickness of 1 mm or more (in this example, 0.1 mm each). For this reason In the manufacturing process and the use process, the lead parts 217, 2 and other parts of the insulating base 211 other than those of the first embodiment have the same effects as those of the first embodiment.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07739196.9A EP1998596B1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-20 | Ceramic heater and glow plug |
US12/160,487 US20100213188A1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-20 | Ceramic heater and glow plug |
JP2008506322A JP5123845B2 (ja) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-20 | セラミックヒータ及びグロープラグ |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006-077860 | 2006-03-21 | ||
JP2006077860 | 2006-03-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007108490A1 true WO2007108490A1 (ja) | 2007-09-27 |
Family
ID=38522517
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2007/055753 WO2007108490A1 (ja) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-03-20 | セラミックヒータ及びグロープラグ |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100213188A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1998596B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5123845B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007108490A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2257119A4 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2015-12-16 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | CERAMIC HEATING ELEMENT AND GLOW CANDLE |
JP2017510789A (ja) * | 2014-05-13 | 2017-04-13 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | グロープラグ |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5188506B2 (ja) * | 2007-10-29 | 2013-04-24 | 京セラ株式会社 | セラミックヒータおよびこれを備えたグロープラグ |
KR101470781B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-02 | 2014-12-08 | 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 | 세라믹 히터 소자, 세라믹 히터 및 글로 플러그 |
EP2701459B1 (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2018-03-28 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Ceramic heater and manufacturing method thereof |
EP2762783B1 (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2019-09-04 | NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Ceramic glow plug |
JP6140955B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-21 | 2017-06-07 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | セラミックヒータの製造方法 |
EP2869666B1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2017-03-29 | Kyocera Corporation | Heater and glow plug equipped with same |
EP2914057B1 (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2017-12-20 | Kyocera Corporation | Heater and glow plug equipped with same |
KR101888746B1 (ko) | 2015-09-10 | 2018-08-14 | 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 | 세라믹 히터 및 글로 플러그 |
JP6370754B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-10 | 2018-08-08 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | セラミックヒータおよびグロープラグ |
CA3095044A1 (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | Scp Holdings, An Assumed Business Name Of Nitride Igniters, Llc. | Hot surface igniters for cooktops |
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- 2007-03-20 JP JP2008506322A patent/JP5123845B2/ja active Active
- 2007-03-20 WO PCT/JP2007/055753 patent/WO2007108490A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2007-03-20 EP EP07739196.9A patent/EP1998596B1/en active Active
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EP2257119A4 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2015-12-16 | Ngk Spark Plug Co | CERAMIC HEATING ELEMENT AND GLOW CANDLE |
JP2017510789A (ja) * | 2014-05-13 | 2017-04-13 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | グロープラグ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1998596A4 (en) | 2014-04-09 |
EP1998596A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 |
JPWO2007108490A1 (ja) | 2009-08-06 |
EP1998596B1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
JP5123845B2 (ja) | 2013-01-23 |
US20100213188A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
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