WO2007105328A1 - 面発光レーザ素子アレイ - Google Patents
面発光レーザ素子アレイ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007105328A1 WO2007105328A1 PCT/JP2006/317368 JP2006317368W WO2007105328A1 WO 2007105328 A1 WO2007105328 A1 WO 2007105328A1 JP 2006317368 W JP2006317368 W JP 2006317368W WO 2007105328 A1 WO2007105328 A1 WO 2007105328A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- emitting laser
- laser element
- electrode
- dbr mirror
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
- H01S5/42—Arrays of surface emitting lasers
- H01S5/423—Arrays of surface emitting lasers having a vertical cavity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0421—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers
- H01S5/0422—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers with n- and p-contacts on the same side of the active layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04256—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration
- H01S5/04257—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration having positive and negative electrodes on the same side of the substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/17—Semiconductor lasers comprising special layers
- H01S2301/176—Specific passivation layers on surfaces other than the emission facet
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/18—Semiconductor lasers with special structural design for influencing the near- or far-field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/0233—Mounting configuration of laser chips
- H01S5/02345—Wire-bonding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/062—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
- H01S5/06226—Modulation at ultra-high frequencies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18308—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement
- H01S5/18311—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement using selective oxidation
- H01S5/18313—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement using selective oxidation by oxidizing at least one of the DBR layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18341—Intra-cavity contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10W—GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10W72/00—Interconnections or connectors in packages
- H10W72/50—Bond wires
- H10W72/541—Dispositions of bond wires
- H10W72/5445—Dispositions of bond wires being orthogonal to a side surface of the chip, e.g. parallel arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface emitting laser element array having a plurality of surface emitting laser elements having a mesa post portion and having a resonator structure in a direction perpendicular to the substrate, and more particularly to an electrode arrangement thereof. It is.
- a vertical cavity surface emitting laser element is a semiconductor laser element that emits light in a direction perpendicular to a substrate. It is possible to arrange a large number of two-dimensional arrays on the same substrate, and it is attracting attention as a communication light source and as a device for various other applications. With regard to this surface emitting laser element, the surface emitting laser element and the surface emitting laser element array, which are excellent in high-frequency response as the communication speed increases from 2.5 Gbps to 10 Gbps, or higher, or those threads. A deep laser module is required.
- a semiconductor multilayer mirror pair on a semiconductor substrate such as GaAs or InP (e.g., in a GaAs-based Al (G a) AsZGa (Al ) A S etc.) is formed and that pair A laser structure having an active layer serving as a light emitting region is provided between the reflecting mirrors.
- a GaAs surface emitting laser element can be formed on a GaAs substrate, has a good thermal conductivity, and can use an AlGaAs DBR mirror with a high reflectivity. Promising as a laser element capable of emitting 0 m-band laser light.
- a surface-emitting laser element using a GalnN As-based material for the active layer is considered promising as a surface-emitting laser element that can emit light in a long wavelength range of 1.2 / ⁇ ⁇ to 1.6 m. .
- an acid-narrowed surface-emitting laser element that constricts the current injection region with an A1 oxide layer has been developed.
- the surface-emitting type semiconductor laser device 30 is formed on an n-GaAs substrate 32 on each layer.
- the lower DBR mirror 34, the lower cladding layer 36, the quantum well active layer 38, the upper cladding layer 40, and the thickness of each layer are ⁇ / 4 ⁇ (where ⁇ is the oscillation wavelength and ⁇ is the refractive index).
- Laminated structure of upper DBR mirror 42 consisting of 25 pairs of -Al Ga As / p-Al Ga As
- the current confinement layer formed of the Al1 layer 44 is formed by the AlAs layer 44 and selectively oxidized by the A1 force of the AlAs layer 44 in the region other than the current injection region.
- the upper DBR mirror 42 is processed into a circular mesa post having a diameter of 30 m, for example, by a photolithographic process and etching process up to a layer close to the quantum well active layer 38 below the AlAs layer 44.
- a photolithographic process and etching process up to a layer close to the quantum well active layer 38 below the AlAs layer 44.
- all the semiconductor other than the mesa post region is removed by etching, or an annular groove is provided by etching, and the mesa post is formed in the annular groove.
- the stack structure processed into mesa posts is subjected to an acid treatment at a temperature of about 400 ° C in a water vapor atmosphere, and A1 in the AlAs layer 44 is selectively oxidized from the outside of the mesa posts.
- a current confinement layer composed of the A1 oxide layer 45 is formed.
- the mesa post is filled with a polyimide layer 46, for example.
- the ring-shaped electrode force p-side electrode 48 that contacts the outer periphery of the upper surface of the mesa post with a width of about 5 m to 10 m is provided.
- the n-side electrode 50 is formed on the back surface of the substrate 32 after the back surface of the substrate 32 is appropriately polished to adjust the substrate thickness to, for example, 200 m.
- the upper surface of the polyimide 46 is formed such that an electrode pad 52 for connecting to an external terminal with a wire is in contact with the p-side electrode 48.
- the conductive semiconductor is doped with an n-type or p-type impurity.
- a substrate is used (see Patent Document 1)
- an n-type electrode 71 is provided on the mesa post so as to be semi-insulating.
- P-type on lower clad layer 67 on the same side as semiconductor substrate 61 A surface emitting laser element provided with an electrode 72 has been proposed.
- the element resistance can be reduced because the lower DBR mirror composed of the p-type semiconductor multilayer film 62 does not serve as a current path because of its relatively high resistance.
- 63 is a lower cladding layer
- 64 is an active layer
- 65 is an upper cladding layer
- 66 is a lower cladding layer
- 68 is a current confinement layer
- 69 is an upper cladding layer
- 70 is a semiconductor multilayer film (Patent Document) 2).
- the surface emitting laser element array is formed by forming a plurality of surface emitting laser elements as described above on the same semiconductor substrate.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-37336
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-6-291414
- the semiconductor substrate and the lower DBR mirror are configured to be conductive. Therefore, each surface emitting laser element is in an electrically connected state, and a problem of electrical interference (crosstalk) between the surface emitting laser elements is likely to occur. In addition, since the electric capacity and resistance value of the surface-emitting laser element are relatively large, good response to high frequencies cannot be obtained.
- the capacitance and resistance value of the surface emitting laser element can be reduced. And high-speed response is improved.
- the planar electrodes of the surface emitting laser elements are dispersedly arranged, the inductance up to the ground electrode is affected by the resistance, and the ground potential of each surface emitting laser element varies. As a result, a crosstalk problem is likely to occur between the surface emitting laser elements.
- the present invention provides a surface-emitting laser element array including a plurality of surface-emitting laser elements each having a mesa bump formed by a stacked structure including an active layer made of a semiconductor layer on the same substrate.
- Each has a first electrode, and a second electrode and a third electrode having different polarities with respect to the first electrode, the first electrode being disposed on the mesa bump, and
- the second electrode is disposed on the same surface side as the first electrode with respect to the substrate, and the third electrode is disposed on a surface on the opposite side of the substrate from the first and second electrodes.
- the surface-emitting laser element is provided as a common electrode, and a current is injected into the active layer by the first electrode and the second electrode.
- the first electrode of each surface emitting laser element is disposed on the mesa post, and the second electrode is disposed on the same surface side as the first electrode with respect to the substrate.
- a third electrode is disposed on a surface opposite to the substrate from the first and second electrodes, and a current is injected into the active layer by the first electrode and the second electrode.
- the electric capacity and resistance value of the light emitting laser element are reduced to improve high-speed response, and the third electrode is provided as a common electrode for a plurality of surface emitting laser elements. As a result, the ground potential of each surface emitting laser element becomes constant and crosstalk is reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a surface emitting laser element included in a surface emitting laser element array according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the surface emitting laser element array according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified configuration of the surface emitting laser element shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4-1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration and current path of a mesa post portion of the surface emitting laser element provided in the surface emitting laser element array according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 42 shows the current density distribution in the radial direction in the vicinity of the current confinement layer shown in FIG. [FIG. 5-1]
- FIG. 5-1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the mesa post and the current path when the surface-emitting laser element force current leveling layer shown in FIG. 41 is removed.
- Fig. 5-2 is a diagram showing the radial current density distribution in the vicinity of the current confinement layer shown in Fig. 5-1.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a mesa post portion of a surface emitting laser element provided in a surface emitting laser element array that is useful in a modification of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional surface emitting laser element.
- FIG. 8 is another cross-sectional view of a conventional surface emitting laser element.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a single surface emitting laser element part constituting the surface emitting laser element array according to the first embodiment.
- a surface emitting laser element 15 is made of Al Ga on a semi-insulating semiconductor substrate 1 and each layer has a thickness of ⁇ / 4 ⁇ (where ⁇ is an oscillation wavelength and ⁇ is a refractive index).
- Lower DBR mirror 2 lower clad layer 3, with As / Al Ga As pairs stacked in multiple layers,
- the lower DBR mirror 2 is formed by laminating a second lower DBR mirror 2b composed of several layers that are doped with an n-type impurity and have increased conductivity on a semi-insulating first lower DBR mirror 2a. It is configured.
- the upper DBR mirror 6 is composed of a conductive semiconductor layer doped with p-type impurities, and is replaced with a single layer Al Ga As layer closer to the active layer 4.
- the AlAs layer is composed of an AlAs layer and is selectively oxidized in the region other than the opening (aperture) 7 as a current injection region, and is composed of a current confinement layer 8 made of an A1 oxide layer.
- the stacked structure including the active layer 4 from the second lower DBR mirror 2b to the upper DBR mirror 6 forms a shape force sapost, and the second lower DBR mirror 2b is doped with an n-type impurity and has conductivity. It is composed of a semiconductor layer and has a larger diameter than other parts.
- a first electrode (p-side electrode) 9 is arranged in a ring shape on the upper surface of the upper DBR mirror 6.
- a second electrode (n-side electrode) 10 is arranged in a semi-ring shape on the upper surface of the second lower DBR mirror 2b.
- a third electrode (ground electrode) 11 is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 opposite to the mesa post.
- the first electrode (p-side electrode) 9 and the second electrode (n-side electrode) 10 are the force provided individually to energize each surface emitting laser element.
- the third electrode (ground electrode) 11 Is provided as a common electrode for a plurality of surface-emitting laser elements on the same substrate 1.
- the surface emitting laser element array is embedded with polyimide 12, and the first electrode (P-side electrode) 9 and the second electrode (n-side electrode) 10 are connected on the polyimide 12 respectively. Electrode pads 13 and 14 are provided.
- FIG. 2 is a partial plan view showing a state in which the surface emitting laser element array 16 according to the first embodiment is mounted on the mount substrate 17.
- the surface emitting laser element array 16 includes a plurality of surface emitting laser elements 15 arranged in common with the substrate 1 and is mounted on a mount substrate 17 in the laser module.
- the third electrode 11 is placed on and electrically connected to the ground electrode 18 on the mount substrate 17, while the second electrode 10 is connected to the ground electrode 18 on the mount substrate 17.
- Electrical connection is made with the bonding wire 19 through the pad 14, and as a result, the second electrode 10 and the third electrode 11 of each surface emitting laser element 15 are electrically connected.
- the first electrode 9 is electrically connected to the signal input electrode 20 on the mount substrate 17 through the electrode pad 13 by the bonding wire 19.
- the first embodiment is different from the prior art in that the first electrode (P-side electrode) 9 is disposed on the upper surface of the upper DBR mirror 6, and the upper surface of the second lower DBR mirror 2b is The second electrode (n-side electrode) 10 is arranged in a semi-ring shape, and the third electrode (ground electrode) 11 is formed on the surface (back surface) opposite to the mesa post of the semiconductor substrate 1. is there.
- the current for driving each surface emitting laser element 15 does not pass through the semi-insulating first lower DBR mirror 2a and the semiconductor substrate 1, so that the element resistance and the element capacitance are reduced. Fast response is improved.
- adjacent surface emitting laser elements 15 are connected to the first lower DBR mirror 2a formed of a semi-insulating semiconductor layer only by the semi-insulating semiconductor substrate 1, and one surface emitting laser. Each surface is on the same substrate 1 so that the current for driving the element 15 is less likely to enter the other surface emitting laser element 15. Crosstalk between the light emitting laser elements 15 is reduced.
- each surface emitting laser element 15 is connected to a semi-insulating substrate 1 and a common third electrode (ground electrode) 11 formed on the back surface, the ground potential of each surface emitting laser element 15 is kept constant. Thus, there is an effect of preventing crosstalk between the surface emitting laser elements 15.
- the second lower DBR mirror 2b is formed of an n-type semiconductor, and the upper DBR mirror 6 is formed of a p-type semiconductor.
- the lower DB R mirror 2b may be formed of a p-type semiconductor.
- the second electrode 10 is formed on the second lower DBR mirror 2b.
- a surface emitting laser element 15 ′ for example, a conductive lower cladding
- a second electrode 10 is formed on the lower cladding layer 3 ′, and the entire lower DBR mirror 2 is half-finished. Make it insulating.
- the back surface of the substrate 1 is brought into direct contact with the mount substrate 17 and the upper DBR mirror 6 side force laser light is emitted, but a flip chip mounting technique or the like is used.
- the mesa post side may be connected to the mount substrate 17 and the back surface force of the substrate 1 may emit laser light.
- the laser light is emitted through the first lower DBR mirror 2a made of a semiconductor not doped with impurities, light loss in the lower DBR mirror 2 can be reduced.
- the surface emitting laser element array 16 it is not necessary to limit the surface emitting laser element array 16 to the one-dimensional array that shows the one-dimensional array of the surface emitting laser elements 15 on the mount substrate 17. 2 It can also be arranged in a dimension. Also in this case, the third electrode 11 in each surface emitting laser element 15 is placed on the ground electrode 18, and the second electrode 10 is connected to the ground electrode 18 through the electrode pad 14 and the bonding wire 19. By doing so, the second electrode 10 and the third electrode 11 can be electrically connected.
- the surface emitting laser element 15 according to the first embodiment described above has characteristics suitable as a laser element that enables highly efficient laser oscillation because current is efficiently injected into the active layer 4. .
- the current path is limited to the aperture 7, so that the current density in the aperture 7 increases, and the current confinement layer 8 tends to be broken or deteriorated.
- the current passing through the DBR mirror is concentrated in the aperture formed by the current confinement layer. It is easy to occur.
- high voltages such as static electricity, there is a problem that breakdown occurs and the electrostatic withstand voltage immediately decreases.
- a protection circuit is provided to prevent a high voltage from being applied to the semiconductor laser element in a package in which the semiconductor laser element is inserted or in the drive circuit of the semiconductor laser element. It is.
- static electricity is also generated during assembly processes such as dicing a semiconductor laser element into a chip or mounting to a knocker, it is important to improve the withstand voltage characteristics of the semiconductor laser element itself.
- the function of the entire surface-emitting laser element array is improved if any surface-emitting laser element force is destroyed. Since it may be significantly deteriorated and cannot be used for a desired application, it is desired to improve the pressure resistance against static electricity or the like in each surface emitting laser element.
- FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the mesa post portion of the surface emitting laser element provided in the surface emitting laser element array according to the second embodiment.
- the surface-emitting laser element array according to the second embodiment has a plurality of surface-emitting laser elements arranged in the same manner as the surface-emitting laser element array 16 according to the first embodiment.
- a current leveling layer 21 for leveling the current distribution in the aperture 7 is further provided in the upper DBR mirror 6 based on the surface emitting laser element 15.
- the current leveling layer 21 is provided on the side opposite to the active layer 4 with respect to the current confinement layer 8.
- the current leveling layer 21 is preferably provided in the vicinity of the current confinement layer 8 at least at a position within 500 nm from the current confinement layer 8 which is preferably provided adjacent to the current confinement layer 8.
- the layer between them is preferably a normal DBR mirror.
- the current leveling layer 21 has an upper DBR mirror 6 It is desirable that the layer has a lower resistivity than either the high-refractive index layer or the low-refractive index layer (hereinafter referred to as a low-resistivity layer). A thickness of ⁇ lOOnm is preferred.
- the current leveling layer 21 may be a layer having a higher resistivity than the high refractive index layer or the low refractive index layer forming the upper DBR mirror 6 (hereinafter referred to as a high resistivity layer).
- the low resistivity layer functioning as the current leveling layer 21 is, for example, at least an Al Ga As layer or an Al Ga As layer used as a layer forming the upper DBR mirror 6.
- a high resistivity layer is provided as the current leveling layer 21
- a material such as GaInP, AlGaInP, or A1GaAs can be used.
- the size of each part in the mesa post part shown in FIG. 41 is set as follows, for example. That is, the diameter of the mesa post portion is 20 ⁇ to 50 / ⁇ m, the thickness of the current confinement layer 8 is 10 to 60 nm, and the area where the current is injected, that is, the diameter of the aperture 7 is 5 ⁇ m to l5 ⁇ m. It is.
- FIG. 5-1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration and a current path excluding the mesa post partial force current leveling layer 21 shown in FIG. 4-1.
- This mesa post structure corresponds to a mesa post structure of a surface emitting laser element that is effective in the prior art.
- FIG. 5-2 is a diagram showing a radial current density distribution in the aperture 7 in the mesa post shown in FIG. 5-1.
- the horizontal axis (r-axis) indicates the radial position in the aperture 7, and the vertical axis CF-axis indicates the current density with respect to the radial position.
- r-axis indicates the radial position in the aperture 7
- the vertical axis CF-axis indicates the current density with respect to the radial position.
- a ring-shaped p-side electrode (first electrode) 9 is arranged on the outer edge of the upper surface, and light is emitted from the opening partial force at the center.
- the current flows in the shortest path as shown by the arrow in the figure so that the resistance is low, that is, in the same material, so that the current in the current confinement layer 8 is shown in FIG.
- the current density increases at the peripheral edge of the aperture 7.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing a radial current density distribution in the aperture 7 in the mesa post shown in FIG.
- the current leveling layer 21 disposed in the vicinity of the current confinement layer 8 facilitates the current to flow in a direction parallel to the surface of the current confinement layer 8. Therefore, the in-plane current distribution is leveled in the vicinity of the current confinement layer 8, and the current density of the current flowing into the aperture 7 is leveled as shown in FIG.
- the current leveling layer 21 is provided on the upper DBR mirror 6 side in the vicinity of the current confinement layer 8, and the aperture is 7
- the laser element is prevented from being destroyed due to local Joule heat generation near the current confinement layer 8 when a high voltage such as static electricity is applied to the surface emitting laser element. Therefore, the withstand voltage characteristic of the surface emitting laser element itself can be improved.
- the current density in the current confinement layer 8 the current density distribution of the current injected into the active layer 4 is also leveled, and the mode distribution and current density distribution during laser emission are more similar. In addition, the effect of improving the luminous efficiency can be obtained.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the mesa post portion of the surface emitting laser element included in the surface emitting laser element array according to this modification.
- the current leveling layer 21 is replaced with the current leveling layer 21, and the current leveling is formed by using the high resistivity layer 22 and the low resistivity layer 23.
- Layer 21 ' is provided.
- the high resistivity layer 22 has a higher resistivity than each layer constituting the upper DBR mirror 6, and the low resistivity layer 23 has a lower resistivity than each layer constituting the upper DBR mirror 6.
- the high resistivity layer 22 is disposed between the current confinement layer 8 and the low resistivity layer 23.
- the upper and lower polarities of the lower DBR mirror 2 and the upper DBR mirror 6 that are formed using an n-type semiconductor and a p-type semiconductor, respectively, may be interchanged. That is, a lower DBR mirror may be formed using a p-type semiconductor, and the current leveling layer 21 or 21 ′ may be provided in the lower DBR mirror.
- the current confinement layer 8 and the aperture 7 are provided in the proximity region or inside of the lower DBR mirror, and the current confinement layer 21 or 21 ′ is opposite to or below the active layer 4 with respect to the current confinement layer 8. It is installed on the side.
- the high resistivity layer 22 has a higher resistivity than each layer constituting the lower DBR mirror
- the low resistivity layer 23 has a lower resistivity than each layer constituting the lower DBR mirror.
- the current confinement layer and the current leveling layer are provided inside the DBR mirror.
- the current confinement layer may be provided in the cladding layer. If the layer is provided inside the cladding layer, a current leveling layer can be provided in the cladding layer or DBR mirror.
- the p-type semiconductor constituting the DBR mirror is p
- p-Al Ga As / p-Al Ga As (0 ⁇ x l- ⁇ y 1 y ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1) was formed. Any semiconductor may be used.
- the surface emitting laser element array according to the present invention has a mesa post portion and a plurality of surface emitting laser elements having a resonator structure perpendicular to the substrate are arranged on the same substrate. It is useful for surface emitting laser element arrays, and is particularly suitable for surface emitting laser element arrays that require low crosstalk and high-speed response.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007505317A JP5260958B2 (ja) | 2006-03-14 | 2006-09-01 | 面発光レーザ素子アレイ |
| US12/224,719 US7974327B2 (en) | 2006-03-14 | 2006-09-01 | Surface emitting laser element array |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006068567 | 2006-03-14 | ||
| JP2006-068567 | 2006-03-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2007105328A1 true WO2007105328A1 (ja) | 2007-09-20 |
Family
ID=38509175
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2006/317368 Ceased WO2007105328A1 (ja) | 2006-03-14 | 2006-09-01 | 面発光レーザ素子アレイ |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7974327B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5260958B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007105328A1 (ja) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2010084890A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-20 | 2012-07-19 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 2次元面発光レーザアレイ素子、面発光レーザ装置および光源 |
| JP2014103233A (ja) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-05 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 面発光レーザ素子、光走査装置、画像形成装置、及び面発光レーザ素子の製造方法、 |
| JP2015099869A (ja) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-28 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 面発光型半導体レーザアレイ、面発光型半導体レーザ装置、光伝送装置および情報処理装置 |
| US9300308B2 (en) | 2013-10-16 | 2016-03-29 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Light emitting device and atomic oscillator |
| WO2017212888A1 (ja) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-14 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
| TWI786170B (zh) * | 2017-08-22 | 2022-12-11 | 美商普林斯頓光電公司 | 用於高密度光發射器陣列之多層導體互連件 |
| WO2026140501A1 (ja) * | 2024-12-25 | 2026-07-02 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | 発光装置 |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20130007557A (ko) | 2010-01-27 | 2013-01-18 | 예일 유니버시티 | GaN 소자의 전도도 기반 선택적 에칭 및 그의 응용 |
| WO2014004261A1 (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-03 | Yale University | Lateral electrochemical etching of iii-nitride materials for microfabrication |
| JP6274404B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-20 | 2018-02-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 面発光レーザーおよび原子発振器 |
| JP2015119149A (ja) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 面発光レーザーおよび原子発振器 |
| JP6410008B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-20 | 2018-10-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 面発光レーザーおよび原子発振器 |
| US11095096B2 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2021-08-17 | Yale University | Method for a GaN vertical microcavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) |
| US9484495B2 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-11-01 | Sae Magnetics (H.K.) Ltd. | Semiconductor light-emitting element and method for manufacturing the same |
| EP3201952B1 (en) | 2014-09-30 | 2023-03-29 | Yale University | A method for gan vertical microcavity surface emitting laser |
| US11018231B2 (en) | 2014-12-01 | 2021-05-25 | Yale University | Method to make buried, highly conductive p-type III-nitride layers |
| US10554017B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 | 2020-02-04 | Yale University | Method and device concerning III-nitride edge emitting laser diode of high confinement factor with lattice matched cladding layer |
| US9853416B2 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2017-12-26 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser |
| JP2018157065A (ja) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-10-04 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 面発光半導体レーザ |
| WO2018191495A1 (en) | 2017-04-12 | 2018-10-18 | Sense Photonics, Inc. | Beam shaping for ultra-small vertical cavity surface emitting laser (vcsel) arrays |
| US11165224B2 (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2021-11-02 | Mellanox Technologies, Ltd. | Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser layout for high bandwidth output |
| US10985531B2 (en) * | 2019-01-27 | 2021-04-20 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp | Intensity noise mitigation for vertical-cavity surface emitting lasers |
| CN114787964A (zh) | 2019-10-31 | 2022-07-22 | 耶鲁大学 | 多孔iii族氮化物以及其使用和制造方法 |
| GB202019694D0 (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-01-27 | Ams Sensors Singapore Pte Ltd | Illumination system |
| CN114759128B (zh) * | 2022-03-09 | 2025-08-01 | 南方科技大学 | 纳米贝塞尔激光光束发射器及其制备方法 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0582907A (ja) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-04-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体レーザアレイおよびその駆動方法 |
| JPH0750450A (ja) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-21 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 並列型光半導体素子 |
| JP2000269598A (ja) * | 1999-03-16 | 2000-09-29 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 面発光型半導体レーザ |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06291414A (ja) | 1993-03-31 | 1994-10-18 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 面発光型半導体レーザ素子 |
| JP2003037336A (ja) | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-07 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 面発光型半導体レーザ素子 |
| JP4839662B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-08 | 2011-12-21 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 面発光半導体レーザアレイおよびそれを用いた光伝送システム |
| US20070025407A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Koelle Bernhard U | Long-wavelength VCSEL system with heat sink |
-
2006
- 2006-09-01 WO PCT/JP2006/317368 patent/WO2007105328A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-01 JP JP2007505317A patent/JP5260958B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-09-01 US US12/224,719 patent/US7974327B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0582907A (ja) * | 1991-09-20 | 1993-04-02 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体レーザアレイおよびその駆動方法 |
| JPH0750450A (ja) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-21 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | 並列型光半導体素子 |
| JP2000269598A (ja) * | 1999-03-16 | 2000-09-29 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | 面発光型半導体レーザ |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2010084890A1 (ja) * | 2009-01-20 | 2012-07-19 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 2次元面発光レーザアレイ素子、面発光レーザ装置および光源 |
| JP2014103233A (ja) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-05 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 面発光レーザ素子、光走査装置、画像形成装置、及び面発光レーザ素子の製造方法、 |
| US9300308B2 (en) | 2013-10-16 | 2016-03-29 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Light emitting device and atomic oscillator |
| JP2015099869A (ja) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-28 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | 面発光型半導体レーザアレイ、面発光型半導体レーザ装置、光伝送装置および情報処理装置 |
| WO2017212888A1 (ja) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-14 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
| TWI786170B (zh) * | 2017-08-22 | 2022-12-11 | 美商普林斯頓光電公司 | 用於高密度光發射器陣列之多層導體互連件 |
| US11527868B2 (en) | 2017-08-22 | 2022-12-13 | Princeton Optronics, Inc. | Multilayer conductor interconnects for high density light emitter arrays |
| WO2026140501A1 (ja) * | 2024-12-25 | 2026-07-02 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | 発光装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2007105328A1 (ja) | 2009-07-30 |
| US7974327B2 (en) | 2011-07-05 |
| US20100195689A1 (en) | 2010-08-05 |
| JP5260958B2 (ja) | 2013-08-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5260958B2 (ja) | 面発光レーザ素子アレイ | |
| US9787062B2 (en) | Vertical cavity surface emitting laser array and method for manufacturing vertical cavity surface emitting laser array | |
| JP7632303B2 (ja) | 垂直共振器型面発光レーザ素子、垂直共振器型面発光レーザ素子アレイ、垂直共振器型面発光レーザモジュール及び垂直共振器型面発光レーザ素子アレイの製造方法 | |
| JP4747516B2 (ja) | 垂直共振器型面発光半導体レーザ装置 | |
| JP6216785B2 (ja) | キャビティ内コンタクトを有するvcsel | |
| US8891569B2 (en) | VCSEL array with increased efficiency | |
| JP7353299B2 (ja) | 発光デバイス及び発光装置 | |
| JP6221236B2 (ja) | 面発光レーザアレイ及びその製造方法 | |
| CN111448724B (zh) | 垂直腔面发射激光器 | |
| US8027370B2 (en) | Semiconductor device | |
| JP6226512B2 (ja) | 高速レーザ発振装置 | |
| US20050169336A1 (en) | Vertical-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor laser | |
| JP7828491B2 (ja) | 垂直共振器型発光素子 | |
| JP7312113B2 (ja) | 面発光半導体レーザ | |
| CN115642479A (zh) | 表面发射激光器及其制造方法 | |
| JP2017147461A (ja) | 面発光型半導体レーザアレイ | |
| JP4087152B2 (ja) | 面発光半導体レーザ素子及びレーザアレイ | |
| EP1513235B1 (en) | VCSEL with monolithically integrated photodetector and hybrid mirrors | |
| US20130279531A1 (en) | Semiconductor device having a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (vcsel) and a protection diode integrated therein and having reduced capacitance to allow the vcsel to achieve high operating speeds | |
| JP2007258600A (ja) | 面発光レーザ素子および面発光レーザ素子の製造方法 | |
| JP2007073585A (ja) | 面発光レーザアレイおよび電子写真システムおよび光インターコネクションシステム | |
| JP2015028995A (ja) | 面発光レーザアレイ及びその製造方法 | |
| JP2011114146A (ja) | 半導体発光素子 | |
| WO2022181085A1 (ja) | 面発光レーザ及び面発光レーザの製造方法 | |
| JP2007081295A (ja) | 面発光レーザ素子 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007505317 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 06797310 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12224719 Country of ref document: US |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 06797310 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |