WO2007104710A1 - Verfahren zur befestigung von verkehrswegen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur befestigung von verkehrswegen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007104710A1 WO2007104710A1 PCT/EP2007/052214 EP2007052214W WO2007104710A1 WO 2007104710 A1 WO2007104710 A1 WO 2007104710A1 EP 2007052214 W EP2007052214 W EP 2007052214W WO 2007104710 A1 WO2007104710 A1 WO 2007104710A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- stones
- polyurethanes
- polyurethane
- oil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001913 cyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006272 aromatic hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran;1h-indene Chemical class C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019489 Almond oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019487 Hazelnut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000950 Hippophae rhamnoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003145 Hippophae rhamnoides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018330 Macadamia integrifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000912 Macadamia tetraphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003800 Macadamia tetraphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000090896 Nigella sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016698 Nigella sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006711 Pistacia vera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003447 Pistacia vera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005066 Rosa arkansana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000109365 Rosa arkansana Species 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019498 Walnut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008168 almond oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021302 avocado oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008163 avocado oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000704 biodegradable plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021324 borage oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010474 borage seed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008524 evening primrose extract Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010475 evening primrose oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940089020 evening primrose oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Substances O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008169 grapeseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010468 hazelnut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010460 hemp oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical group OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010466 nut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020233 pistachio Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001944 prunus armeniaca kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008171 pumpkin seed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010666 rose oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010496 thistle oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008170 walnut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010497 wheat germ oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
- E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
- E01C7/30—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and other binders, e.g. synthetic material, i.e. resin
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
- E01B1/001—Track with ballast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C21/00—Apparatus or processes for surface soil stabilisation for road building or like purposes, e.g. mixing local aggregate with binder
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for fixing traffic routes, preferably railway lines, roads and unpaved roads.
- Roads such as railway tracks, roads and unpaved roads, consist to a large extent of loose particles.
- railway lines usually have a potty bed.
- Unpaved roads and paths have mostly loose sand or dust on their surface. It is often necessary to fix these particles.
- loose gravel stones can be whirled up and thus lead to problems.
- fast-moving trains such as ICE trains swirl the stones below each other so that the subsoil is damaged. This is because the track beds in many countries are not as deep as in Germany. Lowering, however, would involve an additional cost.
- ballast bonding technology has become an established technology.
- the bonding serves to prevent the ballast flight, the stabilization of the track bed and the securing of the operating tracks in track construction work.
- the track ballast is usually first applied to the ballast bed. Subsequently, the ballast is then wetted in a spray process with a self-curing adhesive.
- a self-curing adhesive is often used epoxy, but also acrylates and polyurethanes are used.
- WO 2004/079094 describes the attachment of rock fillings, such as railway embankments, by gluing these with plastics and installing an insert inside the rock fillets.
- DE 197 29 348 describes a method for producing a closed, drainable ballast in track construction.
- the upper layer of the ballast is covered with a cavity filling the filling layer.
- the filling compound can also be applied as a layer up to 10 cm high on the ballast.
- Bulk material with a particle size of 1 to 16 mm, the particles of which are covered with an adhesive film, is used as the filling material.
- adhesives for example, epoxy resins or polyurethanes are used.
- DE 198 1 1 838 describes a method and apparatus for solidifying ballast beds.
- a liquid hardening mass is injected into the ballast bed.
- the consolidation compound may also be a polyurethane.
- a similar process is also described in US 4156440.
- CH 595512 a method for stabilization and vibration damping of railway lines is described in which a foamable polyurethane mixture is introduced into the track bed, where it hardens to foam.
- plastics for example in mining or for the attachment of surfaces.
- plastics for example polyesters, polyacrylates or polyurethanes.
- DE 197 03 980 describes the use of biodegradable plastics for fixing soil.
- a planting of the soil is to be achieved by this is stabilized.
- the decomposition of the plastic layer should just be avoided.
- No. 3,719,050 describes the stabilization of soils using polyurethane prepolymers. These prepolymers should preferably be water repellent. The curing takes place by means of water. This results in a foaming of the polyurethane, which is disadvantageous for the attachment of unpaved paths. Furthermore, the polyureas formed in the reaction of the prepolymers with water are not hydrophobic, so that they offer no protection against water and can also be hydrolytically decomposed.
- the task was to safely secure traffic routes and avoid so that it comes to a whirling up of particles. Furthermore, the wear on the routes are reduced. The attachment should be possible by a simple process and not cause environmental problems. The traffic routes should continue to be equipped so that the attack by water is minimized.
- the object could surprisingly be solved by the fact that there is a hydrophobic polyurethane on the surface and / or inside the guideway.
- the subject matter of the invention is a method for fastening driveways, characterized in that at least one plastic, in particular a hydrophobic polyurethane, is brought onto the surface and / or into the interior of the driveway.
- the application of the hydrophobic polyurethane on the surface of the traffic route is sufficient.
- the application of the polyurethane can be accomplished in the simplest case by applying the liquid feed components of the polyurethane by spraying or by pouring onto the driveway, where they harden to polyurethane. Preference is given to spraying, as less material is consumed. The spraying can be done by vehicles or manually.
- the plastic is introduced into the layer.
- This embodiment is preferably used in tracks.
- the loose stones are preferably gravel, as commonly used for the production of track beds.
- the size of the gravel stones depends on the load on the tracks. Usually, the size of the ballast stones is approximately between 30 and 70 mm. They are preferably made of hard rock, such as basalt.
- mixers for mixing the ballast stones with the starting components of the plastic
- all types of mixers can be used with which a substantially complete wetting of the ballast stones with the liquid starting components of the plastic is possible.
- Mixers have proven particularly suitable which consist of an open container, for example a drum, which is preferably provided with internals. For mixing, either the drum can be rotated or the internals moved.
- Such mixers are known and used for example in the construction industry for the production of concrete mixtures.
- the mixer For applying the mixture to the surface to be fixed, it may be advantageous to attach the mixer to a vehicle, for example a tractor, a front loader, a truck or a rail vehicle.
- a vehicle for example a tractor, a front loader, a truck or a rail vehicle.
- the mixture can each be transported to the place where it is to be applied. After emptying the mixer, if necessary, the mixture can be distributed manually, for example by raking, to achieve the desired structure.
- the mixture of the stones is carried out continuously with the liquid starting components of the plastic.
- the stones and the liquid starting components of the plastic are continuously lent into the mixer and the wetted stones are discharged continuously.
- care must be taken that the starting materials remain in the mixer for so long that sufficient wetting of the stones can take place.
- such a mixing device can be moved along the track bed to be fastened at such a speed that the stones wetted with the liquid starting components of the plastic are discharged from the mixer in an amount as needed. It is also possible to operate the continuous mixing device stationary and to transport the wetted stones discharged from the mixer to the desired location.
- the mixer may be a rotating drum into which stones are continuously introduced.
- This drum is equipped with nozzles that continuously distribute the starting components of the plastic on the stones.
- the rotation of the drum ensures good mixing of plastic and stones.
- Through an opening at the end of the drum plastic / stone composites are then continuously discharged.
- the rotating drum can be horizontal, but also inclined at different angles to promote the discharge.
- the stones are transported continuously on a conveyor belt which is driven through a tunnel. This has openings through which the starting materials of the plastic are continuously discharged onto the stones.
- the wetted stones fall onto the track or into an open drum, which discharges the composite onto the track at an adjustable conveying speed.
- the entire ballast bed is attached to the plastic. It is also possible to fix only the upper layer of the ballast bed, preferably up to 20 cm, with the plastic.
- either the ballast bed can first be heaped up without plastic and then the liquid starting components of the plastic are applied or initially only a part of the ballast bed is poured and, as described above, a layer of stones mixed with the liquid starting components of the plastic become.
- Polyurethanes, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, acrylates and methacrylates can be used as plastics.
- hydrophobic, substantially compact polyurethanes are used as plastics.
- hydrophobic polyurethanes which are preferably used.
- hydrophobic polyurethanes compounds with free isocyanate groups and compounds with groups which are reactive with isocyanate groups are understood in general terms.
- Groups which are reactive with isocyanate groups are usually hydroxyl groups or amino groups. Preference is given to hydroxyl groups, since the amino groups are very reactive and therefore the reaction mixture must be processed rapidly.
- the products formed by the reaction of these structural components are generally referred to below as polyurethanes.
- the structural components for the hydrophobic polyurethanes When applying the structural components for the hydrophobic polyurethanes, it is not necessary for the top layer of the unpaved road or the stones of the track bed to be dry. Surprisingly, even in the presence of wet stones, it is possible to obtain good adhesion between the polyurethane and the bricks.
- the curing of the hydrophobic polyurethane can be done even under water, as well as puddles on the unpaved roads do not significantly affect the deployment of the polyurethane.
- polyisocyanates it is possible in principle to use all liquid polyisocyanates, mixtures and prepolymers having at least two isocyanate groups which are liquid at room temperature.
- Aromatic polyisocyanates are preferably used, particularly preferably isomers of tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), in particular mixtures of MDI and polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanates (crude MDI).
- the polyisocyanates may also be modified, for example by the incorporation of isocyanurate groups and in particular by the incorporation of Urethane groups.
- the latter compounds are prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with a deficit of compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms and commonly referred to as NCO prepolymers. Their NCO content is usually in the range between 2 and 29 wt .-%.
- a disadvantage of the use of aromatic polyisocyanates is the insufficient color stability of the polyurethanes produced therefrom. In most cases, over time, yellowing of the polyurethanes occurs. In applications of the process according to the invention, in which high color stability is important, the use of aliphatic polyisocyanates is therefore preferred.
- Preferred representatives are hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). Due to the high volatility of aliphatic polyisocyanates, these are usually used in the form of their reaction products, in particular as biurets, allophanates or isocyanurates.
- polyfunctional alcohols so-called polyols, or, less preferably, polyfunctional amines, are generally used.
- the hydrophobicity of the polyurethanes used can be brought about in particular by addition of hydroxyl-functional oleochemical components to at least one of the starting components of the polyurethane system, preferably to the polyol component.
- hydroxyl functional oleochemical components are known which can be used.
- examples are castor oil, hydroxyl group-modified oils such as grapeseed oil, black cumin oil, pumpkin seed oil, borage seed oil, soybean oil, wheat germ oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, apricot kernel oil, pistachio kernel oil, almond oil, olive oil, macadamia nut oil, avocado oil, sea buckthorn oil, sesame oil, hazelnut oil, evening primrose oil, wild rose oil , Hemp oil, thistle oil, walnut oil, hydroxyl-modified fatty acid esters based on myristoleic, palmitoleic, oleic, vaccenic, petroselinic, gadoleic, erucic, nervonic, linoleic, linolenic, stearidonic, arachidonic, timnonic, clondanoic, cervonic
- a further preferred group of oleochemical polyols can be obtained by ring opening of epoxidized fatty acid esters with simultaneous reaction with alcohols and optionally following further transesterification reactions.
- the incorporation of hydroxyl groups in oils and fats is carried out mainly by Epoxidation of the olefinic double bond contained in these products followed by reaction of the epoxide groups formed with a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol.
- the epoxide ring becomes a hydroxyl group or, in the case of polyfunctional alcohols, a structure with a higher number of OH groups.
- oils and fats are usually glycerol esters, parallel transesterification reactions take place in the reactions mentioned above.
- the compounds thus obtained preferably have a molecular weight in the range between 500 and 1500 g / mol. Such products are offered for example by the company Henkel.
- a compact polyurethane which can be prepared by reacting polyisocyanates with compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, characterized in that the compounds having at least two reactive hydrogen atoms are at least one fatty chemical.
- a polyol and at least one phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resin, in particular an indene coumarone resin are used.
- phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resins having a terminal phenol group preference is given to using phenol-modified indene-coumarone resins, more preferably technical mixtures of aromatic hydrocarbon resins, in particular those containing as essential constituent compounds of the general formula (I)
- n 2 to 28 included.
- Rutgers VFT AG under the trade name NOVARES ®.
- the phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resins in particular the phenol-modified indene-coumarone resins, usually have an OH content between 0.5 and 5.0 wt .-% on.
- the fat chemical polyol and the phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon resin, especially the indene-coumarone resin are used in a weight ratio of 100: 1 to 100: 50.
- the compounds mentioned further compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms can be used.
- polyether alcohols are preferred. These are prepared by customary and known processes, usually by addition of alkylene oxides to H-functional starter substances.
- the co-used polyether alcohols preferably have a functionality of at least 3 and a hydroxyl value of at least 400 mgKOH / g, preferably at least 600 mgKOH / g, in particular in the range of 400 to 1000 mgKOH / g.
- alkylene oxides They are prepared in the usual way by reaction of at least trifunctional starting substances with alkylene oxides.
- Starting substances which may be used are preferably alcohols having at least three hydroxyl groups in the molecule, for example glycerol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, sucrose.
- the alkylene oxide used is preferably propylene oxide.
- customary constituents may be added to the reaction mixture, for example catalysts and customary auxiliaries and additives.
- desiccants for example zeolites
- the addition of these substances is preferably carried out to the compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive with isocyanate groups.
- This blend is often referred to in the art as a polyol component.
- anti-microbial agents In addition, the addition of UV stabilizers is advantageous in order to avoid embrittlement of the moldings.
- the polyurethanes used can in principle be prepared without the presence of catalysts.
- catalysts can be used.
- catalysts should preferably be selected those which cause the longest possible reaction time. This makes it possible for the reaction mixture to remain liquid for a long time. In principle, as described, it is possible to work without a catalyst.
- the combination of the polyisocyanates with the compounds having at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms should take place in such a ratio that a stoichiometric excess of isocyanate groups, preferably of at least 5%, in particular in the range between 5 and 60% is present.
- the preferably used hydrophobic polyurethanes are characterized by a particularly good processability.
- these polyurethanes show a particularly good adhesion, especially on moist substrates such as wet rock, in particular granite gravel.
- the curing of the polyurethanes is practically compact despite the presence of water.
- the compact polyurethanes used show a completely compact curing even with thin layers.
- the polyurethanes preferably used are ideal for securing traffic routes.
- the bond between rock or sand and polyurethane is very strong.
- the polyisocyanates are preferably mixed with the compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms and this mixture is mixed with the stones.
- both starting components of the polyurethane could be separately added to the stones and mixed together with them. In this case, however, uneven mixing and thus inadequate mechanical properties of the polyurethane can occur.
- the mixing of the starting components of the polyurethane can be carried out in a known manner.
- the components in the desired ratio in a vessel, such as a bucket, given mixed by simple stirring and then mixed in the mixing device with the stones.
- a vessel such as a bucket
- mixing organ customary in polyurethane chemistry for example a mixing head
- the attachment of traffic routes with the hydrophobic polyurethanes has a number of advantages.
- the attachment has a longer service life, requires less repair effort and leads to a higher road safety than other plastics for this purpose. Due to their hydrophobicity frost damage is significantly suppressed, and there is no noticeable hydrolytic degradation. Rainwater drains from the paved roads according to the method of the invention.
- the polyurethanes do not cause any ecological problems, so in principle you can fix not only road surfaces but also forest roads with these polyurethanes.
- inventive method also unpaved roads or slopes, such as runways and airstrips for aircraft, are coated. There, stirring up dust can cause damage to the engines.
- ballast beds with the hydrophobic polyurethanes leads to time and cost savings on trains, as the trains can travel at regular speed, without causing damage.
- the process is significantly cheaper because the adhesive can be applied directly to the ballast stones.
- the hydrophobic system can, in contrast to the plastics used so far, also be processed in the rain and on damp substrates. This results in a not insignificant economic advantage, since waiting periods in wet weather omitted.
- ballast beds treated according to the invention is fully retained owing to the punctiform bonding of the stones. This prevents the risk of leaching even in heavy rainfall. Washouts and frost damage are thus effectively prevented, especially the washing out is even lower with a hydrophobic PU system than with a non-hydrophobic plastic.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/282,772 US20090095820A1 (en) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-09 | Method for Fixing Traffic Routes |
JP2008558789A JP2009530515A (ja) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-09 | 交通路の固結方法 |
EP07726737A EP1996765A1 (de) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-09 | Verfahren zur befestigung von verkehrswegen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06111178 | 2006-03-15 | ||
EP06111178.7 | 2006-03-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007104710A1 true WO2007104710A1 (de) | 2007-09-20 |
Family
ID=38171611
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/052214 WO2007104710A1 (de) | 2006-03-15 | 2007-03-09 | Verfahren zur befestigung von verkehrswegen |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090095820A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1996765A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2009530515A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20080106549A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101400857A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007104710A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009037205A1 (de) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-26 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung mineralhaltiger deckschichten für bodenbeläge |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006003033A1 (de) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-02 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Schotterkörper sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schotterkörpern |
US20100004355A1 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2010-01-07 | Chugoku Marine Paints, Ltd. | Anticorrosive coating composition |
EP2446087B1 (de) | 2009-06-24 | 2019-03-13 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundstoffes anhand eines mischsystems |
CA2781341C (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2015-05-12 | Wlodzimierz Myslowski | Method for production of granulated polymer -asphalt binder and sulfur concrete with participation of sulfur polymer obtained in waste sulfur solvent - borne modification |
KR101395451B1 (ko) | 2009-12-21 | 2014-05-14 | 바스프 에스이 | 복합 포장 구조물 |
WO2011131621A1 (en) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-10-27 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | A polyurethane ballast layer, the method for preparing the same and the use thereof |
BR112013016879B1 (pt) | 2010-12-29 | 2019-11-05 | Basf Se | processo para preparar uma estrutura de pavimento compósito colorido, e, sistema de misturação para produzir um material compósito colorido |
EP2599762A1 (de) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-05 | Basf Se | Reparaturverfahren für Straßenbeläge, insbesondere für offenporige Asphalte |
US8950972B2 (en) | 2012-02-20 | 2015-02-10 | Technisoil Industrial Llc | Polyurethane based road forming |
EP2834417B1 (de) * | 2012-04-03 | 2018-05-23 | Weaver, Sean Somers | Auf polyurethan basierende fahrbahnherstellung |
EP2708566A1 (de) * | 2012-09-14 | 2014-03-19 | Sika Technology AG | Zweikomponentige Polyurethanzusammensetzungen, insbesondere geeignet für den Einsatz als zähelastische, strukturelle Klebstoffe oder als Vergussmassen |
CH712375A1 (de) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-31 | Hürlimann Bautenschutz Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Austragen von Mehrkomponentenklebstoffen auf ein körniges Gemenge. |
US20190017229A1 (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2019-01-17 | Investment Bikers, LLC d/b/a Petraviam | Method and system for strengthening and hardening unpaved surfaces |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE563555A (de) * | ||||
DE4014529A1 (de) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-11-14 | Koch Marmorit Gmbh | Verfahren zum vergroessern des querverschiebewiderstands von eisenbahnschwellen auf einem schotterbett |
DE19651749A1 (de) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-06-18 | Claus Dieter Ihle | Verfahren und Herstellung einer stabilen tragfähigen Abschlußschicht von Fahrbahnbelägen im Straßen-, Wege- und Platzbau und Tiefbau |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1495745C3 (de) * | 1963-09-19 | 1978-06-01 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung wäßriger, emulgatorfreier Polyurethan-Latices |
US3719050A (en) * | 1970-06-01 | 1973-03-06 | Toho Chem Ind Co Ltd | Soil stabilization method |
US4156440A (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1979-05-29 | Japanese National Railways | Railroad track bed using injection materials and method therefor |
US5372844A (en) * | 1989-12-02 | 1994-12-13 | Koch Marmorit Gmbh | Process and device of applying multi-component resins and use of same |
ES2110100T3 (es) * | 1992-06-26 | 1998-02-01 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Elastomeros de poliuretano/poliurea. |
JP2747788B2 (ja) * | 1993-04-30 | 1998-05-06 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | バラスト固結方法 |
JP3340795B2 (ja) * | 1993-05-11 | 2002-11-05 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | バラスト固結法および固結材 |
JPH08157552A (ja) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-18 | Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Kk | 湿気硬化型ポリウレタン樹脂およびこの樹脂からなる道床安定剤 |
JPH09208284A (ja) * | 1996-01-31 | 1997-08-12 | Shikoku Chem Corp | 舗装材組成物 |
JPH09279016A (ja) * | 1996-04-08 | 1997-10-28 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | 石の飛散防止材組成物およびそれを用いるバラストの固着方法 |
JP3503486B2 (ja) * | 1998-09-01 | 2004-03-08 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 道床バラスト固着用組成物、及びそれを用いた道床バラストの固着方法 |
JP2000313734A (ja) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-11-14 | Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Kk | 景観舗装材 |
JP4357029B2 (ja) * | 1999-05-11 | 2009-11-04 | 大成ロテック株式会社 | 低騒音用弾性舗装材及び低騒音用弾性舗装施工法 |
DE10038941C2 (de) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-08-14 | Skw Bauwerkstoffe Deutschland | Polyurethan-(Polymer-Hybrid-)Dispersion mit verringerter Hydrophilie, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
JP3813114B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-25 | 2006-08-23 | 住化バイエルウレタン株式会社 | 一液湿気硬化型のポリウレタンプレポリマー組成物からなる道床安定剤 |
JP3873874B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-29 | 2007-01-31 | 大日本インキ化学工業株式会社 | 補強グラウンド |
-
2007
- 2007-03-09 KR KR1020087022895A patent/KR20080106549A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-03-09 EP EP07726737A patent/EP1996765A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-09 CN CNA2007800090824A patent/CN101400857A/zh active Pending
- 2007-03-09 JP JP2008558789A patent/JP2009530515A/ja active Pending
- 2007-03-09 US US12/282,772 patent/US20090095820A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-09 WO PCT/EP2007/052214 patent/WO2007104710A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE563555A (de) * | ||||
DE4014529A1 (de) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-11-14 | Koch Marmorit Gmbh | Verfahren zum vergroessern des querverschiebewiderstands von eisenbahnschwellen auf einem schotterbett |
DE19651749A1 (de) * | 1996-12-12 | 1998-06-18 | Claus Dieter Ihle | Verfahren und Herstellung einer stabilen tragfähigen Abschlußschicht von Fahrbahnbelägen im Straßen-, Wege- und Platzbau und Tiefbau |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009037205A1 (de) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-26 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung mineralhaltiger deckschichten für bodenbeläge |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009530515A (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
EP1996765A1 (de) | 2008-12-03 |
KR20080106549A (ko) | 2008-12-08 |
US20090095820A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
CN101400857A (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2007104710A1 (de) | Verfahren zur befestigung von verkehrswegen | |
EP1893705B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundstoffes aus steinen und einem kunststoff | |
EP2193107B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung mineralhaltiger deckschichten für bodenbeläge | |
DE2447625C3 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung elastischer Flächengebilde | |
EP2118160A1 (de) | Wasserdurchlässige steinverbundformkörper | |
EP2785667B1 (de) | Reparaturverfahren für strassenbeläge, insbesondere für offenporige asphalte | |
WO1995000569A1 (de) | Offenporige formteile für den baustoffbereich | |
EP1940986A1 (de) | Beschichtete schlacke | |
DE3109392C2 (de) | ||
WO2010060881A1 (de) | RECYCLING VON STRAßENBELÄGEN | |
EP2350156B1 (de) | Verfahren zum beschichten, verkleben und verbinden mineralischer oberflächen | |
DE10241293B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Befestigung von Uferböschungen und Formkörper hierfür sowie Uferböschungen | |
DE4320118C2 (de) | Offenporige Formteile für den Baustoffbereich | |
EP2190938A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von verbunden aus mineralischen körpern und kunststoffen | |
DE4320269A1 (de) | Isocyanat/Polyol-Reaktionsharz | |
DE19958774A1 (de) | Steinverbundplatten | |
DE102010031311A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung mineralhaltiger Deckschichten für Bodenbeläge unter Verwendung von kontaminiertem mineralischem Material | |
EP1951962B1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur landgewinnung aus kunststoffgebundenen, wasserdurchlässigen formkörpern | |
DE102009013498B4 (de) | Verwendung einer Mischung zur Sanierung von Verkehrsflächen und Verfahren zur Sanierung |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 07726737 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
DPE1 | Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007726737 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12282772 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 200780009082.4 Country of ref document: CN Ref document number: 2008558789 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020087022895 Country of ref document: KR |