WO2007096964A1 - 分離型感知器 - Google Patents
分離型感知器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007096964A1 WO2007096964A1 PCT/JP2006/303260 JP2006303260W WO2007096964A1 WO 2007096964 A1 WO2007096964 A1 WO 2007096964A1 JP 2006303260 W JP2006303260 W JP 2006303260W WO 2007096964 A1 WO2007096964 A1 WO 2007096964A1
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- light
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
- G01N21/534—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke by measuring transmission alone, i.e. determining opacity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separation type sensor that senses various monitoring targets such as a fire and a human body in a monitoring area.
- a smoke detector that detects smoke generated by a fire or the like
- a light-reducing smoke detector that detects smoke based on a light attenuation rate of detection light
- RU Among such dimming smoke detectors, photoelectric separation type smoke detectors can cover a relatively wide monitoring area.
- FIG. 18 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional photoelectric separated smoke detector.
- This photoelectric separation type smoke detector 100 separates the light transmitters 101A to 101C that transmit detection light and the light receivers 102A to 102C that receive this detection light from each other with a monitoring region interposed therebetween. It is configured to face each other. Then, the light transmitters 01A to: the detection lights having the L01C force transmitted thereto are received by the light receivers 102A to 102C arranged opposite to each other, and the light receivers 102A to 102C determine the amount of the detected light. Calculate the dimming amount and dimming rate.
- the light receiving units 102A to 102C determine that smoke has been generated (fire has occurred), and the receiver 104 connected to the control line 103 by wire is connected to the receiver 104. Outputs an alarm signal indicating the occurrence of a fire.
- the light transmission timing of the detection light by the light transmission units 101A to 101C and the light reception timing of the detection light by the light reception units 102A to 102C Must be synchronized with each other.
- the light transmitting units 101A to 101C and the light receiving units 102A to 102C are connected to each other by a control line 105, and the light transmitting units 101A to 101C are also connected via the control line 105.
- a control signal (synchronization signal) was output to the light receiving units 102A to 102C.
- the light receiving units 102A to 102C receive light at a predetermined synchronization interval based on the synchronization timing specified by the synchronization signal, thereby synchronizing the light transmitting units 101A to L01C and the light receiving units 102A to 102C.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-227489
- the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and a separation type sensor capable of performing mutual synchronization between a light transmitting unit and a light receiving unit without using a control line.
- the purpose is to provide
- one aspect of the present invention includes a light transmitting unit that transmits detection light to a monitoring region, and a light receiving unit that receives the detection light transmitted by the light transmitting unit.
- a separation type sensor configured to be separated from each other, wherein either one of the light transmitting means and the light receiving means is not synchronized with the light transmitting means and the light receiving means.
- Synchronization light transmitting means for wirelessly transmitting synchronous light for taking light is provided, and the synchronization light transmitted from the synchronous light transmitting means is provided in either one of the light transmitting means and the light receiving means.
- a synchronization light receiving means for receiving light, and synchronization establishment processing means for performing a predetermined process for establishing the synchronization based on the synchronization light received by the synchronization light receiving means.
- synchronization light can be transmitted from either one of the light transmission means and the light reception means, and this can be received by either one of the light transmission means and the light reception means. Since it is not necessary to connect the control line and transmit a synchronization signal, and the installation of the control line can be omitted, the installation work of the separation type sensor becomes easy and the installation cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a sensor according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually showing main electrical configurations of a light transmitting unit and a light receiving unit.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a process for starting up a light transmission unit.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of start-up processing of a light receiving unit.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a process for establishing synchronization of a light receiving unit.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a basic concept of a synchronization timing specifying process of the light receiving unit.
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the timing of the light transmission operation of the light transmission unit and the light reception operation of the light reception unit in the synchronization timing specifying process.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a basic concept of light receiving time adjustment processing of the light receiving unit.
- FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing the timing of the light transmission operation of the light transmission unit and the light reception operation of the light reception unit in the light reception time adjustment processing.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing details of synchronization timing specifying processing.
- FIG. 11 is a timing chart showing in detail the operation timing of each part of the light receiving unit in the synchronization timing specifying process.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing in detail a light reception time adjustment process.
- FIG. 13 is a timing chart showing in detail the operation timing of each part of the light receiving unit in the light receiving time adjustment processing.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of synchronization correction processing.
- FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing in detail the operation timing of each part of the light receiving unit in the synchronization correction process.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram conceptually showing main electrical configurations of a light transmitting unit and a light receiving unit of a sensor according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 17 is a timing chart showing the timing of the light transmission operation of the light transmission unit and the light reception operation of the light reception unit in the synchronization timing specifying process.
- FIG. 18 is a system configuration diagram of a conventional photoelectric separation type smoke detector. Explanation of symbols
- Each embodiment relates to a separate sensor.
- This separation-type sensor relates to a separation-type sensor that senses various monitoring targets such as fires and human bodies in the monitoring area.
- the specific content of the monitoring area by the separation type sensor is arbitrary, but in particular, by arranging the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit to face each other separately, it can be used in a gymnasium, a warehouse, a shopping mall, or the like. A relatively wide area can be used as a monitoring area.
- the specific content of the monitoring target by the separate sensor is arbitrary.
- it may be configured as a fire sensor that detects a fire, or may be configured as a human sensor that detects a human body. .
- the following explanation is based on an example of a photoelectric separation-type smoke detector that determines the presence or absence of smoke based on the amount of smoke reduced by the detection light transmitted by the light transmitter and received by the light receiver. To do.
- One of the features of the separation type sensor is that the synchronization between the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit is established wirelessly. That is, synchronization is established by transmitting and receiving synchronized light, which is a synchronization optical signal, between the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit. For this reason, it is not necessary to lay a control line for the synchronization signal between the light transmitting section and the light receiving section, so that the installation workability of the separation type sensor can be improved and the installation cost can be reduced.
- the synchronization light in addition to the case of transmitting and receiving dedicated light used only for synchronization, detection light used for smoke detection can also be used as the synchronization light. In the latter case, a component for transmitting and receiving dedicated light is not necessary, so that the separation type sensor can be configured more simply.
- the case where the detection light is used as the synchronization light is shown as an example, and the detection light and the synchronization light are simply distinguished from each other without being distinguished from each other unless otherwise specified. Called.
- Various patterns can be used as the transmission / reception pattern of the synchronization light.
- a synchronization pattern that can transmit and receive light and radio waves between the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit in a short time as much as possible is used in such wireless synchronization establishment. As a result, the power required to transmit and receive light is reduced.
- detection light is intermittently transmitted for a predetermined light transmission time every predetermined light transmission interval, and this detection light is transmitted for a predetermined light reception time every predetermined light reception interval different from the light transmission interval. It is only related to the form of intermittent light reception.
- FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a sensor according to the first embodiment.
- This sensor 1 has light transmitters 10A to 10C and light receivers 20A to 20C, and these light transmitters 10A to 10C and light receivers 20A to 20C are connected to each other by several tens of meters to several They are separated from each other so that they are separated by a distance of about 100 m and face each other across the monitoring area.
- Light transmitting unit 10A ⁇ LOC transmits detection light for detecting smoke
- light receiving unit 20A detects light from light transmitting unit 10A
- light receiving unit 20B detects light of the power transmitting unit 10B
- the light receiving unit 20C receives detection light having a power of 10C.
- each light transmission part 10A-: LOC is comprised similarly mutually, and light-receiving part 20A-20C is comprised mutually similarly, below, light transmission part 10A-10C is light-transmitted below.
- the light receiving unit 20 will be described as the light receiving unit 20 and the light receiving units 20A to 20C.
- Each light transmitting unit 10 transmits detection light.
- Each light transmission unit 10 is connected to a local power source 3 via a power line 2 and is driven by electric power supplied from the local power source 3.
- the power supply line 2 and the local power supply 3 can be omitted.
- Each light receiving unit 20 receives detection light.
- Each light receiving unit 20 is connected to the receiver 5 through the control line 4, and when receiving power from the receiver 5 through the control line 4 and detecting smoke in the light receiving unit 20 ( Alternatively, if it is determined that a fire has occurred based on the smoke detection result), an alarm signal indicating that fact is output to the receiver 5 via the control line 4.
- the receiver 5 performs a predetermined alarm operation when it receives the alarm signal from the light receiving unit 20. As this alarm operation, for example, an alarm sound is output, or a transfer signal for notifying other disaster prevention devices (not shown) that smoke or fire is detected is output.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually showing main electrical configurations of the light transmitter 10 and the light receiver 20.
- the light transmission unit 10 is configured by accommodating a light source 12, a storage unit 13, and a light transmission control unit 14 in a housing 11.
- the light source 12 may have any specific configuration.
- an LED Light Emitting Diode
- this detection light is used as synchronization light for establishing synchronization. Therefore, the light source 12 transmits synchronized light wirelessly, and corresponds to the synchronized light transmitting means in the claims.
- the storage unit 13 is a storage unit that stores information such as a program and various parameters necessary for performing the light transmission operation of the light transmission unit 10, for example, an EEPROM (Electronically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory). And RAM (Random Access Memory). Examples of information stored in the storage unit 13 include a light transmission interval and a light transmission time.
- the light transmission control unit 14 controls light transmission by the light source 12, and transmits the detection light toward the monitoring region by blinking the light source 12.
- the light receiving unit 20 receives detection light. Inside the housing 21, a light receiving element 22, an amplification unit 23, a peak hold unit 24, an AZD conversion unit 25, a storage unit 26, a synchronization instruction The switch 27 and the light reception control unit 28 are accommodated.
- the light receiving element 22 receives the detection light and outputs a voltage or current corresponding to the amount of light received.
- the specific structure of the light receiving element 22 is an arbitrary force.
- a photodiode can be used.
- the detection light is used as synchronization light for establishing synchronization
- the light receiving element 22 receives the synchronization light, and is defined in the claims. This corresponds to the synchronous light receiving means.
- the amplifying unit 23 is an amplifying unit that amplifies the output from the light receiving element 22.
- the amplifying unit 23 is turned on or off by a control signal for the synchronization establishing unit force described later.
- the peak hold unit 24 receives the analog output amplified by the amplifying unit 23, detects and holds the maximum value of the output voltage while receiving this output (peak hold), and An analog signal with a voltage corresponding to the value is output.
- the AZD conversion unit 25 converts the analog output output from the peak hold unit 24 into a digital signal by a predetermined number of times at a predetermined AZD conversion interval.
- the storage unit 26 stores programs and various parameters necessary for performing the light receiving operation of the light receiving unit 20. For example, EEPROM (Electronically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory;) or RAM (Random Access Memory), etc. Information stored in the storage unit 26 For example, a threshold used for smoke determination of the smoke determination unit 28b described later, a synchronization establishment flag referred to in a synchronization establishment unit described later, a light reception interval, a light reception time, a second light reception time, a synchronization correction interval, etc. There is.
- EEPROM Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the synchronization instruction switch 27 is an instruction means for an operator to instruct the start of the synchronization establishment operation.
- the synchronization instruction switch 27 is configured as a cover switch that is automatically pressed when a casing cover (not shown) provided in the casing of the light receiving unit 20 is closed.
- the light receiving control unit 28 is a processing unit that performs various processes in the light receiving unit 20, for example, an IC
- the light receiving control unit 28 includes a functional concept, a light reduction calculating unit 28a, a smoke determining unit 28b, a synchronization establishing unit 28c, and a synchronization correcting unit 28d. Configured.
- the dimming amount calculation unit 28a calculates the dimming amount of the detection light received by the light receiving element 22.
- the smoke determination unit 28b determines the presence or absence of smoke (or the presence of a fire) in the monitoring area based on the light reduction calculated by the light reduction calculation unit 28a.
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c performs predetermined processing for establishing synchronization based on the detection light received by the light receiving element 22, and corresponds to the synchronization establishment processing means in the claims.
- the synchronization correction unit 28d corrects the synchronization timing when a predetermined correction interval elapses after synchronization is established, and corresponds to the synchronization correction processing means in the claims.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of start-up processing of the light transmitting unit 10.
- the light-up control unit 14 of the light transmission unit 10 executes a startup process.
- the light transmission control unit 14 calls the light transmission interval and the light transmission time from the storage unit 13, and controls the light source 12 based on the light transmission interval, so that the detection light is transmitted in a predetermined manner. Only the specified time for each light interval Transmit light (step SA—1).
- the specific contents of the light transmission interval and light transmission time are arbitrary, but the light transmission interval is, for example, 1 to 10 seconds, and the light transmission time is 1 pulse.
- the start-up process of the light transmitting unit 10 is completed.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the startup process of the light receiving unit 20.
- the light receiving control unit 28 of the light receiving unit 20 waits until the synchronization instruction switch 27 is pressed (step SB-1).
- the sensor 1 when the sensor 1 is initially installed, the operator turns on the light receiving unit 20 by a predetermined method and adjusts the optical axis of the detection light between the light transmitting unit 10 and the light receiving unit 20 by a predetermined method. Close the housing cover of the light receiving unit 20. By closing the housing cover in this way, the synchronization instruction switch 27 of the light receiving unit 20 is automatically pressed along with this operation.
- the worker restarts the light receiving unit 20 by turning on the power of the light receiving unit 20.
- the synchronization instruction switch 27 is always pressed.
- step SB-1 When the synchronization instruction switch 27 is in the pressed state in this way (step SB-1, Yes), the light reception control unit 28 determines whether or not the force with which the synchronization establishment flag is stored in the storage unit 26 is determined. (Step SB-2). If the synchronization establishment flag is stored (step SB-2, Yes), it is determined that synchronization has already been established and there is no need to newly execute synchronization establishment processing, and synchronization establishment processing is performed. The start-up process is terminated without any change, and the normal monitoring state using the synchronization condition stored in the storage unit 26 is entered.
- step SB-2 if the synchronization establishment flag is not stored (step SB-2, No), it is determined that synchronization has not yet been established and the synchronization establishment process needs to be executed, and the synchronization establishment process is executed. (Step SB-3). Then, after the synchronization establishment process is completed, the normal monitoring state using the synchronization condition specified in the synchronization establishment process is entered. This completes the start-up process of the light receiving unit 20.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the synchronization establishment process of the light receiving unit 20.
- This synchronization establishment process consists of a synchronization timing identification process (step SC-1) that identifies the synchronization timing and a light reception time that shortens the light reception time centered on the synchronization timing identified in this synchronization timing identification process. It is roughly divided into time adjustment processing (step SC-2).
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the basic concept of the synchronization timing specifying process of the light receiving unit 20
- FIG. 7 is a timing chart showing the timing of the light transmitting operation of the light transmitting unit 10 and the light receiving operation of the light receiving unit 20 in the synchronization timing specifying process.
- the light transmission control unit 14 of the light transmission unit 10 transmits detection light for a predetermined light transmission time every predetermined light transmission interval Te after the start-up process as described above. To do.
- the synchronization establishing unit 28c of the light receiving unit 20 performs a predetermined light receiving operation for receiving the detection light at a predetermined light receiving interval different from the light transmission interval (step SD—1).
- a predetermined light receiving operation for receiving the detection light at a predetermined light receiving interval different from the light transmission interval.
- the light receiving interval is shorter than the light transmitting interval (the light receiving interval is equal to the light transmitting interval). For example, when the light transmission interval is 3 seconds, light is received at intervals of 1 to 2 seconds. This is due to the following reason.
- the light transmission interval is assumed to be the same even in the smoke monitoring state after synchronization is established, so the light transmission interval is set to an appropriate interval for smoke detection.
- the light transmission interval for performing smoke detection is preferably set to be relatively long as long as it does not interfere with smoke detection.
- the light transmission interval is set to be a relatively long interval suitable for smoke detection, while the light receiving time is made shorter than the light transmission interval in order to quickly establish synchronization.
- the synchronization establishing unit 28c continuously determines whether or not the detected light is received for a predetermined light receiving time (step SD-2). That is, in each light receiving operation, the synchronization establishing unit 28c compares the output from the light receiving element 22 (actually, the converted value by the AZD converting unit 25 as described later) with a predetermined value, thereby detecting the detected light. Determine whether light is received (Step SD-3). For example, when the light transmission interval is 3 seconds, the light receiving operation is continuously performed for several hundred milliseconds in each light receiving operation. In Fig. 7, light reception operations N1 to N5 for 5 times are performed. An example is shown.
- a predetermined synchronization interval in this case, a transmission
- the timing of arrival at the same interval is specified as the synchronization timing (step SD-4).
- the detection light can be received for the first time in the fifth light reception operation N5, so the synchronization timing is specified based on the time of light reception in this light reception operation N5. This completes the synchronization timing specifying process.
- these initial light reception intervals and light reception times can be incorporated as internal parameters of the synchronization establishment processing program, the force that can be stored in the storage unit 26 for reference before the shipment of the sensor 1. (The same applies to the second light reception time and other time data below).
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the basic concept of the light receiving time adjustment process of the light receiving unit 20
- FIG. 9 is a timing chart showing the timing of the light transmitting operation of the light transmitting unit 10 and the light receiving operation of the light receiving unit 20 in the light receiving time adjusting process.
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c sets a continuous second detection time of the detection light to a predetermined second time shorter than the previous light reception time with the synchronization timing specified in the synchronization timing specification processing as a center. Change to light reception time (step SE-1). Fig.
- step SE-2 the synchronization establishment unit 28c stores the synchronization establishment flag in the storage unit 26 (step SE-2). This completes the light reception time adjustment process and the synchronization establishment process.
- the detection light is received at the synchronization timing specified in the synchronization timing specification process and only for the second light reception time changed in the light reception time adjustment process.
- the light transmission timing of the optical unit 10 and the light reception timing of the light receiving unit 20 can be synchronized.
- the synchronization establishment flag stored in the storage unit 26 is deleted when the light receiving unit 20 is powered off. Therefore, when the power is turned on again, as described in the start-up process, the synchronization establishment process is automatically started on the condition that the synchronization instruction switch 27 is pressed.
- the detection light is transmitted from the light transmission unit 10 at a predetermined light transmission interval, and the light receiving unit 20 continuously receives light for a time longer than this light transmission interval. It is conceivable to establish synchronization timing based on the timing when the detection light is received. However, when light is continuously received for a long time as described above, power consumption of an amplifier or the like that amplifies the output from the light receiving element 22 in the light receiving unit 20 increases. In order to eliminate this problem, the power consumption of the light receiving unit 20 is reduced by intermittently performing light reception of the light receiving unit 20 at a light receiving interval shorter than the light transmission interval in the synchronization timing specifying process.
- the probability that the detection light can be received can be improved and the synchronization can be quickly established as the light receiving time in each light receiving operation is lengthened.
- the length of the light reception time is maintained as it is even after synchronization is established, the time during which the detection light is not actually received becomes longer during each light reception operation. 20 power consumption increases unnecessarily.
- the light reception time is set to a relatively long time until the synchronization is established, and after the synchronization is established, as long as the detection light can be received by the synchronization timing. By changing the time to as short as possible (ie, the second light receiving time), the power consumption efficiency of the light receiving unit 20 is improved.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing in detail the synchronization timing specifying process
- FIG. 11 is a timing chart showing in detail the operation timing of each part of the light receiving unit 20 in the synchronization timing specifying process.
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c of the light receiving unit 20 turns on the amplification unit 23 and sets the amplification factor to the maximum (step SF-1), and then the amplification unit 23 is electrically stabilized for a predetermined time (hereinafter, referred to as “amplification unit”). Wait for the amplifier stabilization time to elapse (step SF-2). Then, after the amplification unit stabilization time has elapsed, the synchronization establishment unit 28c starts the peak hold of the output of the amplification unit 23 by the peak hold unit 24 (step SF-3), and the output of the peak hold unit 24 is Wait for the elapse of a predetermined time to stabilize electrically (hereinafter referred to as the peak hold unit stabilization time) (step SF-4).
- amplification unit stabilization time and peak hold unit stabilization time are stored in advance in the force storage unit 26, which may vary depending on the specifications of the amplification unit 23 and the peak hold unit 24.
- the synchronization establishing unit 28c refers to this as necessary.
- the synchronization establishing unit 28c causes the AZD conversion unit 25 to AZD convert the output from the peak hold unit 24 (step SF-5). This AZD conversion is performed a predetermined number of times at a predetermined AZD conversion interval.
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c turns ON the amplification unit 23 continuously for the light receiving time Ton (step SF-6, Yes), then turns off the amplification unit 23 (step SF-7), and the AZD of the AZD conversion unit 25 Of the AZD conversion values obtained by the conversion, determine whether the force is greater than or equal to the AZD conversion value force greater than or equal to the predetermined value (force force or force where an AZD conversion value greater than or equal to the predetermined value exists) (step SF-8) .
- the predetermined value for example, a minimum value that can be determined to have received the detection light transmitted from the light transmitting unit 10 is set.
- step SF-8 No
- a predetermined number for example, 10 to 20 times
- step SF-10 If the number has not yet exceeded the predetermined number (step SF-10, No), return to step SF-1 to continue the synchronization establishment process and repeat the light receiving operation. After that, if the number of synchronization establishment abnormalities exceeds a certain number (step SF—10, Yes), it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in synchronization establishment, and a synchronization establishment abnormality signal is output to the receiver 5 ( Step SF—11), The synchronization establishment process is terminated. The receiver 5 that has received the synchronization establishment abnormality signal notifies the operator of this abnormality state by, for example, displaying that the synchronization establishment abnormality has occurred and outputting a sound.
- the synchronization establishing unit 28c performs steps SF-1 to until it is determined that the AZD conversion value greater than or equal to the predetermined value is 1 or more, or until the number of synchronization establishment abnormalities is greater than or equal to the predetermined number.
- Each timing of the light receiving operation in the processing of steps SF-1 to SF-10 can be determined as follows. First, as shown in FIG.
- the sum of the amplification unit stabilization time and the peak hold unit stabilization time is set to the overlap time Tov
- the peak hold time by the peak hold unit 24 is the peak hold time Tpc
- the AZD conversion interval by the A / D converter 25 is the AZD conversion interval TAD
- the light receiving interval (the amplifier 23 is turned on, then the amplifier 23 is The time until ON) is expressed as the light receiving interval Tn.
- the overlap time ⁇ can be expressed as follows.
- Overlap time 1 ⁇ Light reception time Ton— (AZD conversion interval TAD X 8) [0049]
- the light reception time Ton is included twice in one light transmission interval.
- Light reception interval Tn Light transmission interval + Overlap time Tov— (2 X Light reception time Ton)
- step SF-8 When the processing of steps SF-1 to SF-10 is repeated at such timing, and it is determined in step SF-8 that there is one or more AZD conversion values greater than or equal to a predetermined value (step SF— 8, Yes), the detection light may have been received during the light receiving operation. Therefore, in this case, the timing at which this AZD change value is obtained may be used as a reference for the synchronization timing. However, since noise light other than the detection light may have been received, it is determined here whether or not the detection light is received at the same timing in the next light reception operation. The timing at which this AZD change value is obtained is used as the reference for the synchronization timing only when the detection light is received.
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c counts the number of times that an AZD conversion value greater than a predetermined value is obtained. This determination of the number of times can be performed, for example, by storing in the storage unit 26 the number of times that an AZD conversion value equal to or greater than a predetermined value is obtained. Then, the synchronization establishing unit 28c determines whether or not this number is the first time (step SF-12), and if it is the first time (when an AZD conversion value equal to or greater than a predetermined value is obtained for the first time, step SF).
- Step SF-12, No Counts the number of AZD conversion values that are greater than or equal to the specified value and stores them in the storage unit. This count power is the same as the count number stored in the storage unit in the previous step SF-8. (Step SF—14).
- the synchronization establishing unit 28c determines that the detection timing of the detected light during the light receiving operation is If it is not the same, it is determined that synchronization is not being performed normally, and it is determined that synchronization has not yet been established, and the process returns to step SF-1 to reestablish synchronization from the beginning.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing in detail the light reception time adjustment process
- FIG. 13 is a timing chart showing in detail the operation timing of each part of the light receiving unit 20 in the light reception time adjustment process.
- the light reception time is adjusted using the coincidence count number in the synchronization timing specifying process of FIG. In other words, based on this coincidence count number, it is possible to specify whether light reception was performed at the time of the light reception operation in the synchronization timing specification process, and the light reception time is synchronized based on this time point. Adjust to the second light reception time shorter than the timing identification process.
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c sets the light reception interval Tn ', the light reception time Ton', and the peak hold time Tpc 'in the subsequent light reception operations based on the coincidence count number, respectively. Reconfigure as follows (step SG-1).
- Light reception interval Tn ' Light transmission interval 1 (Tov + Tx) -TAD X (Match count number 1)
- Light reception time Ton' Tov + Tx + TAD + Tx
- Tx is the expected time of synchronization deviation (hereinafter referred to as synchronization deviation) that may occur between the light transmitting unit 10 and the light receiving unit 20 until the period correction process described later is performed (hereinafter referred to as synchronization deviation estimation). Time).
- the expected synchronization deviation time is set to be larger as the accuracy of the timer for measuring the predetermined light transmission interval in the light transmitting unit 10 or the light receiving unit 20 is lower or as the time until the period correction processing is performed is longer. It will be.
- the light receiving interval ⁇ ' is basically calculated by subtracting the overlap time ⁇ from the light transmission interval.
- the amplification unit 23 is turned on ahead of this synchronization deviation time, and the detection light can be received even if a synchronization deviation occurs. I am raising the nature.
- the more the number of AZD conversion values that are equal to or greater than the predetermined value the more detection light is detected in the initial stage of the light receiving operation. Just subtracting the AZD conversion interval. Note that 1 is subtracted from the number of counts.
- the detection light is received at the end of the light reception time Ton 'and is amplified by subtracting the AZD conversion interval TAD. This is because it is not necessary to advance the timing of turning on part 23.
- the light reception time Ton ' is basically calculated by adding the overlap time Tov and the minimum time during which detection light can be received (here, one AZD conversion interval TAD).
- TAD the minimum time during which detection light can be received
- the peak hold time Tpc ′ is calculated by subtracting the amplification unit stabilization time from the light receiving time Ton ′.
- the synchronization establishing unit 28c confirms whether or not the light receiving operation after the resetting is effective. Specifically, it is determined whether or not an AZD conversion value greater than or equal to a predetermined value is obtained in the light receiving operation after resetting (step SG-2). If the AZD conversion value greater than or equal to the predetermined value is obtained (step SG-2, No), the process returns to step SF-1 of the synchronization timing identification process in FIG. Try again.
- step SG-2 if an AZD conversion value greater than the predetermined value is obtained (step SG-2, Yes), the light-receiving operation after resetting functioned effectively (at this timing, synchronization with the transmitter 10 was achieved, Receiving detection light appropriately
- the synchronization establishment flag is stored in the storage unit 26 (step SG-3).
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c calculates the light receiving interval Tn '' as follows (step SG).
- Tn '' Light transmission interval-Light reception time Ton '
- the synchronization establishment unit 28c sets the amplification factor of the amplification unit 23 to a predetermined amplification factor during normal monitoring that is smaller than the maximum amplification factor (step SG-5), and ends the light reception time adjustment process. Thereafter, each time the light receiving interval Tn ′ ′ arrives, the light receiving operation synchronized with the light transmitting unit 10 can be performed by turning on the amplifying unit 23 only during the light receiving time Ton ′.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of the synchronization correction process
- FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing in detail the operation timing of each part of the light receiving unit 20 in the synchronization correction process.
- the synchronization correction unit 28d monitors whether or not a predetermined synchronization correction interval stored in advance in the storage unit 26 has elapsed (step SH-1). This synchronization correction interval is set so that the synchronization correction process can be performed before the amount of synchronization deviation becomes such that proper reception of the detection light is hindered even when synchronization deviation occurs. .
- the clocking accuracy of a clock circuit (not shown) that measures the light transmission interval in the light transmitting unit 10 or the time of the light receiving interval in the light receiving unit 20 is not shown.
- the lower the timing accuracy, the shorter is determined, for example, 5 to 10 minutes.
- step SH-1 When the synchronization correction interval has elapsed (step SH-1, Yes), the synchronization correction unit 28d determines whether or not the sensor 1 has a predetermined synchronization correction permission level (an AZD value greater than or equal to a certain level). (Step SH-2), the process proceeds to the next step SH-3 only in the normal monitoring state, and if not in the normal monitoring state, it waits for the normal monitoring state to return to the next step. Move to SH-3.
- a predetermined synchronization correction permission level an AZD value greater than or equal to a certain level
- the synchronization correction is not performed in a fire state or a fault state. In these states, the amount of received light is reduced due to the presence of smoke or dust. This is because it is attenuated and the synchronization correction processing cannot be performed properly.
- the specific determination of the presence or absence of such a fire state or failure state is arbitrary, but for example, the control unit of the light receiving unit 20 sets a predetermined flag in the storage unit 26 in the case of such a fire state or failure state. Start up, and the presence or absence of this flag is determined by the synchronization correction unit 28d to determine whether there is a fire or fault condition.
- the sensor 1 is equipped with an automatic compensation function that automatically increments the amount of light received to compensate for the decrease in the amount of light received due to dust accumulation, etc.! Since this automatic compensation function does not interfere with the synchronization correction process, the synchronization correction process is executed during the automatic compensation as in the normal monitoring state. However, if the fire condition or failure condition does not become an obstacle to synchronization correction, synchronization correction may be executed even during a fire condition or failure condition.
- the synchronization correction unit 28d determines whether or not there is at least one AZD conversion value greater than or equal to a predetermined value among the AZD conversion values output from the AZD conversion unit 25 (step SH-3). ). As the predetermined value at this time, a threshold value for reducing the amount of light received for determining the presence or absence of smoke (fire alarm determination threshold value) is used. If there is no number of AZD conversion values greater than or equal to the predetermined value (step SH-3, No), the synchronization correction unit 28d determines that the amount of synchronization deviation exceeds the allowable limit for synchronization correction. Thus, the number of times exceeding the allowable limit is counted and stored in the storage unit 26 (step SH-4).
- the synchronization correction unit 28d compares this number with the predetermined number (step SH-5), and if it is not the predetermined number or more! (Step SH-5, No), a temporary failure has occurred. It is determined that it is only present, the correction process is terminated without performing correction, and the next correction process is awaited. On the other hand, if the number is equal to or greater than the predetermined number of times (step SH-5, Yes), the synchronization correction unit 28d determines that there is a high possibility that a more serious failure has occurred, and indicates that the correction failure has occurred. Output to 28 (step SH-6). This light reception control unit 28 performs a predetermined process for notifying the user that a correction failure has occurred.
- the light reception control unit 28 outputs a correction fault signal to the receiver 5, and this receiver 5 blinks a fault indicator lamp (not shown).
- the synchronization correction unit 28d causes the synchronization establishment unit 28c, which automatically resolves the failure by reestablishing synchronization, to start the synchronization establishment process, and the synchronization timing identification process of FIG. It is activated.
- step SH-3 there is one or more AZD conversion values greater than or equal to a predetermined value. If this is the case (step SH-3, Yes), the synchronization is corrected by resetting the light reception time Tn '''as shown below using this count (step SH-7). This completes the synchronization correction process.
- the synchronization timing is corrected by subtracting the expected synchronization deviation ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ by the number corresponding to this excess. For example, when the reference force number is set to 2, the actual count force is subtracted by 2, and the synchronization deviation expected time ⁇ is subtracted by the number corresponding to the subtraction result.
- the reference count number can be set arbitrarily according to the normal synchronization timing.
- the reference count number it is preferable to set the reference count number so that it can be corrected even if the actual synchronization timing is shifted to either the front or back side. . For example, if the reference count is set to 1, if the actual count is less than 1, it will no longer be possible to correct the deviation, so it is preferable to set the reference count to around 2-3. Yes.
- the detection light can be transmitted from the light transmitting unit 10 and received by the light receiving unit 20, so that synchronization can be established. Therefore, the light transmitting unit 10, the light receiving unit 20, It is no longer necessary to connect the control line 4 to transmit a synchronization signal, and the installation of the control line 4 can be omitted, so that the installation work of the sensor 1 can be facilitated and the installation cost can be reduced.
- the detection light is used as the synchronization light, it is not necessary to provide a component for transmitting and receiving the light dedicated to the synchronization, and the configuration of the sensor 1 can be simplified and the manufacturing cost thereof can be reduced. it can.
- the light transmission interval is set to be a relatively long interval suitable for smoke detection, while the light reception time is shorter than the light transmission interval to quickly establish synchronization. It is possible to plan for
- the detection light reception time is changed to the second light reception time after the synchronization timing is specified, a relatively long light reception time is used until the synchronization is established, so that the synchronization establishment is quickly performed. At the same time, after synchronization is established, the received light power can be reduced using a relatively short light reception time.
- the presence or absence of synchronization light reception is determined after the amplification unit stabilization time has elapsed, the presence or absence of reception of synchronization light is not determined when the amplifier 23 is unstable.
- the presence / absence of synchronization light can be determined more reliably, and the reliability of the synchronization establishment process can be improved.
- the amplification unit 23 is set to the maximum amplification factor, and after the synchronization is established, the amplification unit 23 is set smaller than the maximum amplification factor and reset to a predetermined amplification factor! /. In the establishment process, the light reception performance of synchronization light can be maximized to improve the possibility of establishment of synchronization.
- the synchronization timing is corrected by the synchronization correction unit 28d, the synchronization deviation is automatically eliminated, and the detection light can be received by the light receiving unit 20 at an appropriate timing. The reliability of detection can be improved.
- the synchronization establishment process by the synchronization establishment unit 28c is automatically started to correct the synchronization deviation. If there is a possibility that the limit is exceeded, synchronization establishment can be automatically restarted from the beginning, and the synchronization timing can be corrected to an appropriate state even when the synchronization deviation is large. Alternatively, by notifying the user that a correction failure has occurred, the user can be encouraged to take an early action.
- the timing that arrives at a predetermined light transmission interval with respect to the timing of receiving the synchronization light is synchronized.
- the timing By setting the timing, the synchronization error is automatically resolved, and the detection light can be received by the light receiving unit 20 at an appropriate timing.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram conceptually showing main electrical configurations of the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit of the sensor according to the second embodiment.
- the sensor 6 includes a light transmitting unit 10 and a light receiving unit 30.
- the light receiving unit 30 receives the detection light and corresponds to the light receiving means in the claims.
- the light receiving unit 30 accommodates a light receiving element 22, an amplification unit 23, a peak holding unit 24, an AZD conversion unit 25, a storage unit 26, a synchronization instruction switch 27, and a light reception control unit 31 in a housing 21. It is configured.
- the light reception control unit 31 includes a light reduction calculation unit 31a, a smoke determination unit 31b, a synchronization establishment unit 31c, and a synchronization correction unit 31d in terms of functional concept.
- the light reduction calculation unit 31a, the smoke determination unit 31b, and the synchronization correction unit 3 Id are configured in the same manner as the light reduction calculation unit 28a, the smoke determination unit 28b, and the synchronization correction unit 28d of the first embodiment, respectively.
- the synchronization establishment unit 31c performs a predetermined process for establishing synchronization based on the detection light received by the light receiving element 22, and corresponds to the synchronization establishment processing means in the claims.
- the synchronization establishment process by the synchronization establishment unit 31c is basically the same as the synchronization establishment process of the first embodiment, but the synchronization timing specifying process is intermittently performed at a predetermined light reception interval longer than the light transmission interval. It differs in the point to do in FIG. 17 is a timing chart showing the timing of the light transmitting operation of the light transmitting unit 10 and the light receiving operation of the light receiving unit 30 in the synchronization timing specifying process.
- the synchronization establishment unit 31c performs a light receiving operation for each predetermined light receiving interval Tn2 different from the light transmission interval Te.
- the light reception interval ⁇ 2 is longer than the light transmission interval Te (light reception interval ⁇ 2> light transmission interval Te).
- the light transmission interval is 3 seconds
- the light reception interval is 5 to 10 seconds.
- Figure 17 shows the light receiving operations N1 to N3 for three times.
- the detection light can be received by the light receiving unit 30 and the reference of the synchronization timing can be specified. That is, the light transmission time and the light reception time may be at least different from each other. Subsequently, synchronization can be established by performing the light reception time adjustment process in the same manner as in the first embodiment using the synchronization timing specified in this way.
- the second embodiment even when the light receiving interval is longer than the light transmitting interval, synchronization between the light transmitting unit 10 and the light receiving unit 30 can be established, and the same effect as in the first embodiment is obtained. To get Can do.
- the problems to be solved by the present invention and the effects of the invention are not limited to the above-described contents, and the present invention solves problems not described above or has been described above. It may be possible to achieve the effects that are not present, and may solve only some of the described problems, or may exhibit only some of the described effects. For example, even if the installation of the control line for the light transmission unit cannot be completely omitted for some reason, the possibility that the control line can be omitted can be increased by establishing wireless synchronization. The object of the present invention has been achieved.
- the present invention includes all sensors including components that perform wireless synchronization, and may include a sensor in which a light transmitting unit and a light receiving unit are connected to each other by wire.
- a sensor having a wireless synchronization function using light as described above, and further, a light transmitting unit and a light receiving unit are connected to each other by a control line, and an electric signal is used via the control line.
- a sensor that redundantly establishes synchronization and a sensor that can omit the local power supply by supplying power to the light transmission unit via this control line also correspond to the sensor of the present invention. For example, when a redundant configuration of wireless synchronization and wired synchronization is adopted, wireless synchronization may be performed only when wired synchronization cannot be established.
- the detection light is used as the synchronization light
- Light reception control means may be provided.
- the light source for synchronization and the light transmission control unit 14 may be provided in the light receiving unit, and the light receiving element 22 for receiving the dedicated light may be provided in the light transmission unit.
- the light transmission interval can be set without being limited by the detection light transmission interval or the like, the light transmission interval improves the degree of freedom of the light reception interval.
- the light reception time set up until the establishment of synchronization is reset to the second light reception time after the establishment of synchronization, but there is little need for power saving. It is possible to continue using a relatively long light reception time after synchronization is established, or when there is little need for rapid synchronization establishment, only the relatively short second light reception time is used. Good.
- a predetermined synchronization correction interval when a predetermined synchronization correction interval elapses, another timing is adopted as a timing for starting the force synchronization correction process described as performing the synchronization correction process.
- the cause when the amount of detection light received is reduced, the cause may be the generation of smoke, dust accumulation on the optical axis of detection light, or contamination of optical elements such as lenses.
- the amount of detected light received decreases by more than a predetermined amount, synchronization correction processing is performed first, and only when the amount of detected light received is still reduced, it is determined that smoke is generated and the alarm is issued.
- a signal may be output or compensation processing may be performed.
- the synchronization correction process may be activated based on a predetermined control signal of the receiver.
- circuit examples, structure examples, parameters, various numerical values and the like shown in the above document and drawings are merely examples, and can be arbitrarily changed unless otherwise specified.
- a part of the circuit configuration may be replaced by a program, or all or part of the processing contents of the functions of the light transmission control unit 14 and the light reception control unit 28 may be achieved by nodeware.
- the separation type sensor according to the present invention can be applied to the mutual synchronization of the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit which are arranged separately from each other. It is useful to establish
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008501522A JPWO2007096964A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | 分離型感知器 |
EP06714400A EP1988520A4 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | SEPARATE SENSOR |
AU2006339020A AU2006339020B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | Separate-type detector |
PCT/JP2006/303260 WO2007096964A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | 分離型感知器 |
EP11002058A EP2333738B1 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | Separated-type smoke detector |
KR1020087023218A KR100979053B1 (ko) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | 분리형 센서 |
US12/280,536 US7968837B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | Separate-type detector with redundant synchronization feature |
CN2006800530548A CN101379534B (zh) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | 分离型探测器 |
HK09106477.0A HK1128802A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2009-07-16 | Separated sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/303260 WO2007096964A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | 分離型感知器 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007096964A1 true WO2007096964A1 (ja) | 2007-08-30 |
Family
ID=38437026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2006/303260 WO2007096964A1 (ja) | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-23 | 分離型感知器 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7968837B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1988520A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2007096964A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100979053B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101379534B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006339020B2 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1128802A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007096964A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017026633A (ja) * | 2009-05-01 | 2017-02-02 | エックストラリス・テクノロジーズ・リミテッド | 粒子検出器の改良 |
Families Citing this family (6)
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US8638436B2 (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2014-01-28 | Hochiki Corporation | Smoke sensor |
CN102725415A (zh) * | 2009-10-13 | 2012-10-10 | 普渡研究基金会 | 由木质纤维生物质生产乙醇并回收可燃燃料材料 |
US8899097B2 (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2014-12-02 | The Boeing Company | Airborne impurities detection |
DE102014108713B3 (de) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-07-16 | Sick Ag | Rauch- und Brandmelder |
EP3225977B1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2019-03-13 | ams AG | Method and sensor system for detecting particles |
CN110956773B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-07-26 | 北京升哲科技有限公司 | 一种光电式烟雾探测器环境光抑制方法及系统 |
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2006
- 2006-02-23 CN CN2006800530548A patent/CN101379534B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-23 KR KR1020087023218A patent/KR100979053B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-02-23 EP EP06714400A patent/EP1988520A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-02-23 US US12/280,536 patent/US7968837B2/en active Active
- 2006-02-23 AU AU2006339020A patent/AU2006339020B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-23 WO PCT/JP2006/303260 patent/WO2007096964A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-02-23 EP EP11002058A patent/EP2333738B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-23 JP JP2008501522A patent/JPWO2007096964A1/ja active Pending
-
2009
- 2009-07-16 HK HK09106477.0A patent/HK1128802A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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JPH1153657A (ja) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 光電式分離型感知器及びこれを使用した火災報知設備 |
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JP2017026633A (ja) * | 2009-05-01 | 2017-02-02 | エックストラリス・テクノロジーズ・リミテッド | 粒子検出器の改良 |
KR20180061410A (ko) * | 2009-05-01 | 2018-06-07 | 엑스트랄리스 테크놀로지 리미티드 | 입자 검출기에 대한 향상 |
KR102032863B1 (ko) | 2009-05-01 | 2019-10-16 | 엑스트랄리스 테크놀로지 리미티드 | 입자 검출기에 대한 향상 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2006339020B2 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
CN101379534B (zh) | 2011-11-23 |
EP2333738A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
KR20080108107A (ko) | 2008-12-11 |
US7968837B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 |
KR100979053B1 (ko) | 2010-08-30 |
HK1128802A1 (en) | 2009-11-06 |
JPWO2007096964A1 (ja) | 2009-07-09 |
US20090026354A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
AU2006339020A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
CN101379534A (zh) | 2009-03-04 |
EP2333738B1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
EP1988520A1 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
EP1988520A4 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
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