Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
  • A61K33/24—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/28—Compounds containing heavy metals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

• gallium (III) complexes for the treatment of melanoma
• the invention relates to the use of gallium (III) complexes for the treatment of melanoma.
• gallium salts such as e.g. Gallium (III) chloride and gallium nitrate
• Collery US 4,596,710 describes the use of gallium chloride in the treatment of various human tumors.
• US Pat. No. 4,529,593 describes the use of inter alia gallium nitrate for the treatment of tumor-associated hypercalcemia.
• a serious disadvantage of these small inorganic compounds is, on the one hand, the very limited bioavailability on oral administration and the high level of nephrotoxicity, which makes clinical use on humans very difficult (Krakoff et al., Cancer 44, 1722-1727, 1997, Senderowicz et al.
• gallium maltolate which is currently in clinical trials (Lawrence Bernstein, WO 93/09776). This compound is characterized by a significantly increased bioavailability.
• gallium (III) complexes with nitrogen-containing ligands show a much higher lipophilicity and improved bioavailability in oral Application and could show their antitumor effect in experimental animal tumors such as soft tissue sarcoma (Collery et al., WO 93/02087; Thiel et al., In: Relevance of Tumor Models for Anticancer Drug Development., Contrib. Oncol., Basel, Karger, 54, 439-442, 1999).
• Oral administration is particularly desirable for gallium compounds in the treatment of tumors, as these compounds should be given continuously over a longer period, as far as possible, due to the mechanism of ribonucleotide reductase inhibition.
• gallium (III) complexes with nitrogen-containing ligands in combination with other therapeutically effective cytotoxic agents, e.g. various platinum (II) complexes described.
• gallium (III) complexes of the general formula (I) are particularly suitable for use in the treatment of melanomas.
• the need for effective drugs for this indication remains high.
• Preclinical studies have shown that gallium complexes of the general formula (I) have a high activity in the treatment of these cancers.
• R 1 Ci - C 6 alkylene, C 3 - C 8 cycloalkylene, C 3 - C 8 - cycloalkenylene, C 2 - C 6 alkenylene, a mono- or polynuclear, optionally aromatic, C 6 - C 4 ring system or a heterocycle each of which may be substituted or unsubstituted is;
• R 2 and R 3 Ci - Cio alkyl, C 3 - C 8 - cycloalkyl, C 3 - C 8 - cycloalkenyl, C 2 - Cio-alkenyl, a mono- or polynuclear where appropriate aromatic C 6 - C 4 -ring or a heterocycle, each of which may be substituted or unsubstituted, or is hydrogen;
• R 1 and R 2 , or Ri and R 3 , or R 2 and R 3 may form a heterocycle, optionally further
• R 4 has the same meaning as R 1
• R 5 has the same meaning as R 2
• R 4 and R 5 together with N may form an optionally aromatic ring system which may contain further nitrogen atoms;
• i is an integer from 0 to 3 and the sum of N-containing
• Y is a halogen, pseudohalogen, HCO 3 or R 1 COO, wherein R 'is C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkenyl, aryl, which each may be substituted or unsubstituted, and / or is a physiologically acceptable anion; and
• the heterocycle for Ri is a mononuclear or polynuclear basic heterocycle having one or more nitrogen atoms.
• Ri is Ci - C 6 alkylene, C 3 - C 6 -alkylene -Cycloal-, C 3 - C 6 -cycloalkenylene, C 2 - C 6 alkenylene, C 6 - C 4 - arylene or a heterocycle, each of which may be substituted or unsubstituted, and
• R 2 and R 3 Ci - C 10 alkyl, C 3 - C 6 - cycloalkyl, C 3 - C 6 cycloalkenyl, C 2 -
• Ri is preferred: C 1 -C 5 -alkylene, such as n-butylene or n-pentylene, in particular C 1 -C 3 -
• Alkylene such as methylene, ethylene, n-propylene or i-propylene; C 2 -C 5 -alkenylene, such as butenylene or pentenylene, in particular C 2 -C 3 -alkenylene, such as ethenylene or propenylene; C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkylene, such as cyclopentylene or cyclohexylene, in particular C 3 -C -cycloalkylene, such as cyclopropylene or cyclobutylene; C 3 - Ce-cycloalkenylene, in particular C 5 - C 6 -cycloalkenylene, such as cyclopentenylene or cyclohexenylene; C 6 - Cio-arylene, in particular benzylene.
• R 2 and R 3 are preferred:
• C 1 -C 6 -alkyl such as n-butyl, n-pentyl, or n-hexyl, in particular C 1 -C 3
• Alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or i-propyl; C 2 - C ⁇ alkenyl, such as butenyl, pentenyl, in particular C 2 - C 3 alkenyl, as
• C 3 - Ce-cycloalkyl such as cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl, in particular C 3 -
• C ⁇ -cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl or cyclobutyl
• C 3 -C 6 -cycloalkenyl in particular C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkenyl, such as cyclopenttenyl or cyclohexenyl;
• R 4 and R 5 form an aromatic ring.
• R 1, R 2 and / or R 3 are substituted in preferred embodiments by:
• groups of the general formula (II) are preferably selected from groups of the formulas (VIII) and (IX)
• R 6 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, which may each be substituted or unsubstituted,
• two ortho-substituents R 6 may form an optionally aromatic cycle.
• R 6 is substituted in preferred embodiments as defined above for R 1 , R 2 and / or R 3 .
• Groups of the general formula (III) are preferably selected from groups of the formulas (X) and (Xl)
• Ra, Ra, R 6 , P, m, m 1 are as defined above.
• Groups of the general formula (IV) are preferably from groups of the formulas
• R 2 , R a, R 6 , P, m, m 1 are as defined above.
• Groups of the general formula (V) are preferably selected from the formulas (XIV) and (XV)
• R 6 is as above, R 7 is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, which may each be substituted or unsubstituted,
• two ortho substituents R 6 may form an optionally aromatic cycle.
• Groups of the general formula (VI) are preferably selected from the formulas (XVI) and (XVII)
• Re, R7, q, r, n are as defined above
• Groups of the general formula (VII) are preferably selected from the formulas (XIII)
• Y in the general formula (I) is chlorine.
• the invention also relates to the use of gallium (III) complexes of the general formula (I) for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of melanomas.
• the melanomas which are suitable for treatment by a gallium complex of the general formula (I) may be an amelanotic melanoma, a lentigo maligna, an acral lentiginous, an epitheloid cell melanoma, a nodular melanoma, a melanoma Naevus, a melanoma with superficialem spreading or a spindle-line melanoma act. Also metastases of these tumors in other organs can be treated by a gallium complex of the general formula (I).
• the gallium complex of the formula (I) is more preferably administered orally, but also intravenously, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally or subcutaneously.
• An external or local application is possible.
• the administration is by peroral application.
• gallium (III) complexes can be carried out in any suitable formulation under the
• the pharmaceutical preparation of the active ingredient is in unit dose form adapted to the desired administration.
• a unit dose may be, for example, a tablet
• Emulsion or a suspension Emulsion or a suspension.
• unit dose is understood to mean a physically determined unit which has an individual quantity of the unit active ingredient in combination with a pharmaceutical carrier and the active substance content of which corresponds to a fraction or multiple of a single therapeutic dose.
• a single dose preferably contains the amount of active ingredient which is administered in one application and which usually corresponds to a whole, a half, a third or a quarter daily dose. If only a fraction, such as one half or one quarter of the unit dose is needed for a single therapeutic administration, the unit dose is advantageously divisible, eg in the form of a scored tablet.
• gallium (III) complexes in a suitable drug, when carried out in unit doses and used for applications e.g. is determined in humans, with about 0.1 to 3000 mg, preferably 10 to 2000 mg and in particular 30 to 1500 mg of active ingredient.
• the drug can be administered once, but also continuously over a longer period of time. For oral treatment, similar dosages may be used.
• gallium (III) complexes in a pharmaceutical composition according to the invention may be carried out 1 to 4 times a day at fixed or varying times, e.g. each before meals and / or in the evening. However, it may be necessary from the mentioned
• gallium (III) complexes may be in the form of drugs which typically comprise the gallium (III) complex and non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which may be used as admixture or diluent, for example in solid, semisolid or liquid form or as a wrapping agent, for example in the form of a capsule, a tablet coating, a pouch or other container for the therapeutically active ingredient.
• a carrier can e.g. serve as a mediator for the ingestion of drug by the body, as a formulation aid, as a sweetener, as a flavoring, as a dye or as a preservative.
• Tablets dragees e.g. Tablets dragees, hard and soft capsules, e.g. from gelatin, dispersible powders, granules, aqueous and oily suspensions, emulsions, solutions or syrups.
• Tablets may contain inert diluents, eg calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, sodium phosphate or lactose; Granulating and distributing agents, for example maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or alginates; Binders, eg starch, gelatin or acacia gum; and lubricants, for example, aluminum or magnesium stearate, talc or silicone oil. They may additionally be provided with a coating which may also be such as to cause a delayed dissolution and absorption of the drug preparation in the gastrointestinal tract so that, for example, better tolerability, protease or retardation is achieved.
• Gelatin capsules may be mixed with a solid, eg calcium carbonate or kaolin, or an oily, eg olive, peanut, or paraffin oil, diluents.
• Aqueous suspensions may contain suspending agents, e.g.
• Dispersing and wetting agents e.g. polyoxyethylene stearate,
• lecithin e.g. Methyl or propyl hydroxybenzoates
• Flavoring agents Sweeteners, e.g. Sucrose, lactose, sodium cyclamate, dextrose, invert sugar syrup.
• Oily suspensions may e.g. Peanut, olive, sesame, coconut or paraffin oil and thickening agents, e.g. Beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol; furthermore sweeteners, flavorings and antioxidants.
• Peanut olive, sesame, coconut or paraffin oil and thickening agents, e.g. Beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol; furthermore sweeteners, flavorings and antioxidants.
• Water-dispersible powders and granules may be used in the inventive use of gallium (III) complexes in admixture with dispersing, wetting and suspending agents, e.g. the above, as well as sweeteners, flavorings and colorants.
• gallium (III) complexes in admixture with dispersing, wetting and suspending agents, e.g. the above, as well as sweeteners, flavorings and colorants.
• Emulsions can e.g. Olive, peanut or paraffin oil in addition to emulsifying agents, e.g. Acacia, tragacanth, phosphatides, sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, and sweetening and flavoring agents.
• emulsifying agents e.g. Acacia, tragacanth, phosphatides, sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, and sweetening and flavoring agents.
• Aqueous solutions may contain preservatives, for example methyl or propyl hydroxybenzoates; Thickener; Flavoring agents; Contain sweeteners, such as sucrose, lactose, sodium cyclamate, dextrose, invert sugar syrup, as well as flavorings and dyes.
• preservatives for example methyl or propyl hydroxybenzoates
• Thickener such as methyl or propyl hydroxybenzoates
• Flavoring agents Contain sweeteners, such as sucrose, lactose, sodium cyclamate, dextrose, invert sugar syrup, as well as flavorings and dyes.
• sweeteners such as sucrose, lactose, sodium cyclamate, dextrose, invert sugar syrup, as well as flavorings and dyes.
• the compound tris-hydroxyquinolinolato gallium (III) was tested for its cytotoxic activity in cell culture on melanoma cell lines derived from human tumors.
• the compound showed a high activity in the ⁇ molar range:

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Quinoline Compounds (AREA)
• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-02-13 AT AT0022006A patent/AT503317B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2007
  • 2007-02-13 AT AT07701315T patent/ATE504307T1/de active
  • 2007-02-13 ES ES07701315T patent/ES2365028T3/es active Active
  • 2007-02-13 AU AU2007215363A patent/AU2007215363A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-02-13 CA CA2640509A patent/CA2640509C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-02-13 EP EP07701315A patent/EP1984005B1/de active Active
  • 2007-02-13 NZ NZ571119A patent/NZ571119A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-02-13 WO PCT/AT2007/000071 patent/WO2007092978A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-02-13 DE DE502007006880T patent/DE502007006880D1/de active Active
  • 2007-02-13 CN CNA2007800127458A patent/CN101466387A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-02-13 PT PT07701315T patent/PT1984005E/pt unknown
  • 2007-02-13 JP JP2008553574A patent/JP5210888B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-08-13 US US12/190,759 patent/US7919486B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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