Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
  • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
  • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
  • H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
  • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
  • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
  • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
  • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
  • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly to an indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell having a reformer in the vicinity of the fuel cell.
• Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-358997
• An object of the present invention is to operate stably in an indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell using kerosene as a reforming raw material without abnormally degrading the reforming catalyst or lowering the efficiency.
• An indirect internal reforming type solid oxide fuel cell capable of performing
• a reformer capable of reforming kerosene, a solid oxide fuel cell using a reformed gas obtained from the reformer as a fuel, and a panner for heating the reformer
• the reformer is disposed between the solid oxide fuel cell and the panner
• the reformer has a first reforming section and a second reforming section communicating with each other;
• the first reforming section is located upstream and the second reforming section is located downstream, and the second reforming section is heated by the solid oxide fuel cell power.
• an indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell that is disposed at a position that receives radiation and blocks heat radiation from the solid oxide fuel cell to the first reforming section.
• the indirect internal reforming type solid oxide fuel cell may further include a reforming material preheater directly connected to the reformer inlet so as to be integrated with the reformer.
• the reforming catalyst filled in the first reforming section and the second reforming section may include a reforming catalyst having kerosene oxidation activity.
• the reforming catalyst in an indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell using kerosene as a reforming raw material, the reforming catalyst can be stably operated without deteriorating abnormally or reducing efficiency.
• An indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell is provided.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an indirect internal reforming SOFC of the present invention.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another example of the indirect internal reforming SOFC of the present invention.
• a reformed gas which is a gas containing hydrogen
• kerosene which is a reforming raw material
• steam reforming is made dominant from the viewpoint of efficiently producing hydrogen. Therefore, in the reformer, the reaction becomes endothermic in overall.
• the reformer has a first reforming section and a second reforming section that communicate with each other.
• the first reforming section is located on the upstream side and the second reforming section is located on the downstream side. That is, the reforming material is supplied to the first reforming section, and the gas exiting the first reforming section flows into the second reforming section.
• Both the first reforming section and the second reforming section are filled with a reforming catalyst capable of reforming kerosene.
• a reforming catalyst capable of reforming kerosene.
• a steam reforming catalyst or an autothermal reforming catalyst a catalyst having a steam reforming ability and a partial acidity reforming ability
• the kerosene to be used can be selected and employed as appropriate with known catalytic power capable of steam reforming or autothermal reforming.
• the reforming catalyst filled in the first reforming section and the second reforming section has kerosene oxidation activity. It is preferable to include a reforming catalyst. Kerosene oxidation activity refers to the ability of kerosene to react with oxygen and oxygen on the catalyst to generate heat. By charging the reforming section with a catalyst having oxidation activity, heat is directly generated on the catalyst, and the time until the reforming catalyst reaches a temperature suitable for reforming can be shortened.
• the indirect internal reforming SOFC of the present invention includes a reformer and a SOFC in addition to a SOFC for heating the reformer.
• a known burner capable of burning the burner fuel to be used can be appropriately selected and used.
• kerosene used as a reforming raw material is preferable to use as the fuel for the PANA. This is because it is not necessary to prepare a separate fuel. However, other fuels can be used.
• SOFC various shapes such as a flat plate shape and a cylindrical shape can be appropriately selected and employed.
• SOFC may be a single cell! /, But for practical use, a stack in which a plurality of single cells are arranged is preferably used. In this case, there may be one or more stacks.
• SOFC, reformer and panner can be accommodated in a container such as a can and modularized.
• the reformer is disposed between the SOFC and the PANA. That is, both the first reforming section and the second reforming section are arranged between the SOFC and the PANA.
• the second reforming section is disposed at a position where direct radiation heat transfer to the SOFC force second reforming section is possible.
• the direct radiant heat transfer to the first reforming section is blocked by the second reforming section.
• the second reforming section can receive radiant heat of SOFC force
• the first reforming section blocks the SOFC force radiant heat by the second reforming section, so the first reforming section It is easy to make the temperature lower than that of the second reforming part. Therefore, the inlet side of the reformer can be made lower in temperature, thereby making it easier to suppress carbon deposition.
• the reforming material preheater is directly connected to the reformer inlet so as to be integrated with the reformer.
• the reforming raw material preheater refers to a heat exchanger that vaporizes, preheats and mixes raw materials for obtaining reformed gas containing hydrogen, that is, kerosene and water.
• the temperature of the preheater is preferably 150 ° C or higher, more preferably 200 ° C or higher, and even more preferably 250 ° C or higher so that kerosene can be vaporized stably.
• the temperature is preferably 500 ° C or lower, more preferably 450 ° C or lower, and further preferably 400 ° C or lower.
• the inlet temperature of the first reforming section is preferably 300 ° C or higher, more preferably 350 ° C or higher, in order to prevent recondensation of the gasified raw material and operate the catalyst effectively.
• the temperature is preferably 400 ° C or higher.
• the temperature is preferably 550 ° C or lower, more preferably 500 ° C or lower, and further preferably 450 ° C or lower.
• the interior of one container is partitioned to form two adjacent regions, and a reforming material preheater and a reformer are arranged in each region, thereby reforming at the reformer inlet.
• the raw material preheater can be directly connected to the reformer.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an internal reforming SOFC of this example.
• the indirect internal reforming SOFC of the present embodiment includes a container 1, a reformer 2, and a SOFC stack 4 in which a plurality of cylindrical SOFCs 3 are arranged.
• Air and kerosene can be supplied to the burner 1 for combustion, and kerosene is burned here.
• the surface burner which can take a large combustion surface where the ratio of radiant heat is high is preferable for the panner.
• a burner using a ceramic plate or a metal mat on the combustion surface can be used.
• Kerosene and water are supplied to the reforming raw material preheater 5, both of which are vaporized and mixed sufficiently.
• Kerosene and water vaporized by the reforming raw material preheater are supplied to the reformer 2 to perform steam reforming.
• the reformer stacks two rectangular parallelepiped boxes for forming a gas flow path, and provides a gas supply port at the flow path end of the first box (on the right side in FIG. 1).
• the two boxes communicate with each other at the end of the flow path on the opposite side (left side of the page in FIG. 1), and the flow path end opposite to the communication end of the second box (that is, the gas supply of the first box)
• the same end as the end where the port is provided (the right side of the paper in Fig. 1) is provided with a gas discharge port, and the first and second boxes are filled with a steam reforming catalyst capable of reforming kerosene.
• the part of the first box filled with the reforming catalyst is the first reforming part 2a
• the part of the second box filled with the reforming catalyst is the second reforming part 2b. That is, the reformer has a structure in which the internal gas flow is turned back.
• the reforming raw material preheater 5 and the first reforming section 2a are provided by dividing the inside of the first box.
• a structure in which the reforming raw material preheater 5 and the first reforming part 2a are integrated and the reforming raw material preheater 5 is directly connected to the first reforming part 2a is obtained.
• circular tubes may be arranged in a plane with substantially no gap, and folded to form a reformer having first and second reforming portions. it can.
• the reformer is arranged between the SOFC and the burner with the first reforming section on the Pana side and the second reforming section on the SOFC side.
• the wall force of the second reforming part can also receive the exhaust heat of SOFC by radiation, and can receive the combustion heat of the burner from the wall of the first reforming part.
• Kerosene is reformed in a reformer to form a reformed gas containing hydrogen, which is supplied to the anode electrode 3a of the SOFC.
• an oxygen-containing gas air here
• the SOFC generates heat, and the heat is radiated from the SOFC to the second reforming section.
• the SOFC exhaust heat is used for the endotherm of the reforming reaction.
• the temperature of the first reforming section becomes lower than the temperature of the second reforming section because the second reforming section blocks the radiant heat transfer to the SO FC force first reforming section. .
• 3b is an electrolyte that also has solid acidity. Gas exchange, etc. will be performed using piping etc. as appropriate.
• SOFC exhaust heat such as when operating conditions fluctuate
• kerosene is burned with oxygen-containing gas (here, air) in Pana 1, and Combustion heat can be applied to the reformer to make up for the shortage.
• the combustion exhaust gas is further used as needed and discharged to the outside world.
• the temperature of the reformer catalyst can be continuously monitored, and ONZOFF control can be performed so that the temperature becomes a predetermined value or more.
• Each supply gas is appropriately preheated as necessary and then supplied to the reformer or SOFC.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the internal reforming SOFC of this example.
• the inner side of the cylindrical S OFC is an anode and the outer side is a force sword.
• the inner side is a force sword and the outer side is an anode.
• the arrangement of gas conduits is different from that in Example 1. Except this, it is the same as the first embodiment, and the same effect as the first embodiment is obtained.
• the indirect internal reforming SOFC of the present invention can be used for, for example, a stationary or mobile power generation system, and a cogeneration system.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Fuel Cell (AREA)
• Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=38228135

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Cited By (1)

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Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2005
  • 2005-12-28 JP JP2005377238A patent/JP5007045B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-12-25 WO PCT/JP2006/325734 patent/WO2007077780A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2006-12-26 TW TW095148917A patent/TW200740019A/zh unknown

Patent Citations (6)

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