WO2007076938A2 - Dispositif de secours en altitude - Google Patents

Dispositif de secours en altitude Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007076938A2
WO2007076938A2 PCT/EP2006/012339 EP2006012339W WO2007076938A2 WO 2007076938 A2 WO2007076938 A2 WO 2007076938A2 EP 2006012339 W EP2006012339 W EP 2006012339W WO 2007076938 A2 WO2007076938 A2 WO 2007076938A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
braking device
rescue
hub
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/012339
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007076938A3 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Von Gencsy
Hans-Peter Becker
Original Assignee
Alexander Von Gencsy
Hans-Peter Becker
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alexander Von Gencsy, Hans-Peter Becker filed Critical Alexander Von Gencsy
Publication of WO2007076938A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007076938A2/fr
Publication of WO2007076938A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007076938A3/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/10—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/12—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys hydraulically operated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an altitude rescue device for rescuing and / or recovering persons from high altitudes, such as high-rise buildings, wherein the height-rescue device comprises a self-braking abseiling device. Furthermore, the height rescue device is particularly suitable for self-rescue.
  • DE 80 30 414 U1 describes a Kettenabsprungêt for self-rescue from heights in which the rescuing person holds on a holding device or is fixed, wherein the holding device is connected via a cable with a located on the ground chain weight.
  • the person jumps from a platform, with increasing downward distance by means of the cable chain weight is raised, which slows down the falling speed of the person to be rescued.
  • the chain weight increases with the distance, in particular by the fact that with increasing distance additional chain strands are attached to the chain weight.
  • the device according to this prior art is basically suitable for self-rescue, but also has considerable disadvantages.
  • the aforementioned self-rescue system requires a considerable construction effort for installation on a building. Furthermore, it is only suitable for a self-rescue of the person at a given location, so to speak a rescue center to perform. People who are trapped in other areas of the building and might be able to escape exclusively through the windows can not be saved by this system. Furthermore, the system has the disadvantage that the weight of the person to be rescued can vary only to a small extent. Too light persons, such as children, are at risk of the chain weight being too large and the person to be rescued not being drained to the ground. In return, there is the danger in heavy people that the chain weight is insufficient and the person to be rescued hits the ground at too high a speed. The latter carries a considerable risk of injury and is to be rejected.
  • the height rescue is known by abseiling with a so-called Abseilachter.
  • This method has the advantage that for this purpose only a rope of sufficient length and the Abseilachter are necessary. These can easily be stored in several places of a building.
  • a disadvantage of this known method is that it requires a considerable education and prior knowledge of abseiling people to prevent an uncontrolled crash.
  • Object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and a Abseilvorraum for self-rescue of persons from large To provide height that can be used flexibly.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is suitable, in particular in emergency situations, by untrained persons for self-rescue.
  • Another sub-task of the present invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned, which allows self-rescue of people of different weight without further action.
  • the present invention is based on rescue and / or recovery of persons from great heights by abseiling.
  • a device for this purpose, comprising in its simplest embodiment a circumferential axis on which a cable coil is arranged centrally.
  • the cable reel is non-positively and / or positively connected to the revolving axis.
  • the device comprises at the respective ends of the axle braking devices.
  • the brake devices each comprise a hub body, a brake system and an outer body.
  • the hub body can rotate within the outer body, optionally under the action of a suitable bearing.
  • At least one fastening device for fastening a holding harness for the person to be rescued are arranged on the outer body at least.
  • the holding harness has at least two carrying lines, which are each connected to the fastening means and are dimensioned so that in operation the person to be rescued is below the center of the revolving axis, preferably below the cable reel.
  • the person receiving the holding harness may be formed for example as Oberschreibgurt or seat belt.
  • a coupling device consists in its simplest form of a snap hook or the like.
  • the coupling device is used to attach the free-running end of the rope. Such attachment can be done, for example, in a building on the building side provided for this hook.
  • the person to be rescued fastens the free-running end of the rope by means of the coupling device.
  • this can be done in a building by looping the rope to a suitable pillar or a suitable strut and latching the coupling device, such as a snap hook, in the rope.
  • the coupling device can be coupled here.
  • the person creates the respective person admission. After completion of these preparations, the self-rescue can be carried out easily. In self-rescue, the rope is unwound from the rope reel under the force of gravity of the person to be rescued and the person is let down to the ground.
  • the cable reel When unwinding the rope, the cable reel rotates with the associated revolving axis and the attached hub bodies. The rotational speed and thus the discharge speed of the person to be rescued is slowed down by the braking devices.
  • suitable and preferred brake systems are still made separate versions below.
  • the outer body forms the abutment, wherein the outer body is prevented from rotating by the weight of the person to be rescued.
  • FIG. 1 shows the height rescue device 1 comprising the axis 5, on the center of the cable coil 2 is arranged.
  • the cable reel 2 is non-positively and / or positively connected to the axis 5.
  • the cable reel 2 can optionally be provided with cable guide devices of known type.
  • From the cable spool 2, the free end of the rope 3 can be unwound.
  • the free end of the rope 3 ends in one Coupling device 4.
  • the coupling device 4 comprises all suitable coupling devices, for example a snap hook. By means of the coupling device 4, the cable end is attached with suitable measures. In the unwinding process, the cable reel 2 rotates with the axis 5 and the hub bodies 7.
  • the hub bodies 7 are likewise arranged non-positively and / or positively on the revolving axis 5.
  • the hub bodies 7 are integral components of the braking device 6, which furthermore have a brake system (not shown) as well as an outer body 8.
  • the cable is unwound from the cable reel 3, wherein the cable reel 2 with the axis 5 and the hub bodies 7 are set in rotation.
  • the rotation is slowed down by means of the brake systems in the brake devices 6, wherein the outer body 8 serves as an abutment.
  • At least one holding device 9 is arranged on the outer body 8, to which the respective carrying line 10 is attached.
  • the at least two lines of the two braking devices open in the representation down in a person receiving 11, which carries the person to be rescued 12.
  • a preferred brake system is a hydraulic brake system. Submodes of the hydraulic brake system will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section through the hydraulic brake system in its simplest embodiment.
  • Figure 2 shows the axis 5, on which a roller body 13 is arranged.
  • the roller body 13 acts as a hub body in this embodiment.
  • at least two, preferably four, recesses are introduced into the roller body 13, for receiving the wing blades 14.
  • Embodiments with three, five, six, seven, eight or more recesses for receiving the wing blades 14 are also possible.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment with four wing louvers.
  • the wing blades 14 are pressed under the action of the pressure springs 15 on the inside of the cylindrical outer body 8.
  • the axis 5 is eccentric and fixed in position arranged to the center of the cylindrical outer body 8.
  • the asymmetrical annular gap 16 is formed in a manner known per se.
  • the annular gap 16 is divided into four segments (17 a, b, c, d) according to FIG. 2 by means of wing louvers 14.
  • the annular gap 16 is further filled with a liquid, preferably hydraulic oil.
  • the wing blades 14 have control bores in this embodiment.
  • control bores extend transversely through the vane fins and are arranged so that they are not obscured by the roller body 13 when the vane fins 14 are dipped into the recesses. Through the control bores, a controlled flow of the liquid, preferably of the hydraulic oil, in the annular gap 16 between the segments 17 is possible.
  • the liquid contained in the segment 17 a is thus pressurized and thus provides a rotational resistance, which leads to the inhibition of the abseiling device 1.
  • the liquid passes through the control bores within the wing blades 14 in the segment 17 b.
  • the flow rate and thus the inhibition is adjusted by means of size and number of control bores.
  • the opposite process takes place, for example, in the segment 17c, the volume of which increases as it rotates.
  • the inhibition is effected here by the resulting negative pressure in the segment 17 c, which takes place by flow of the liquid from the segment 17 b through the control bores of the arranged between the segments 17 b and 17 c wing blade 14.
  • the segment 17 a after a 45 ° rotation to segment 17 d.
  • the illustration shown is a temporal snapshot of a dynamic rotating system.
  • the illustrated segments 17 a and 17 b due to the reduction in volume and in the segments 17 c and 17 d due to the increase in volume an inhibiting effect generated.
  • the co-rotation of the outer body 18 is prevented by the weight formed by the person to be rescued attached to the holding device 9.
  • Figure 3 shows a development of the inhibiting device of Figure 2.
  • a ring line to the expanding segments 17 c and d arranged in the ring line 18.
  • the ring line 18 acts in the sense of a bypass.
  • the control bores in the wing louvers 14 are designed so that the height-rescue device is loaded at the largest load to be assumed, e.g. a very heavy person, such inhibition will cause a suitable rate of descent to be achieved.
  • the control bores are designed such that they have a lower permeability to the liquid and thus an increased inhibition compared with the embodiment according to FIG. 2.
  • the liquid is partially pressed during compression in the segments 17 a and / or 17 b in the ring line 18, which opens on the opposite side of the outer body 8 in the segments 17 c and d, in which Volume is increased again during operation.
  • the flow of the liquid through the loop 18 is adjusted by the control valve 19.
  • the control valve 19 By increasing or decreasing the passage in the control valve 19, the flow resistance and thus the inhibition of the brake system is adjusted in this way.
  • FIG. 4 shows a development of the embodiment according to FIG. 3, wherein a further branch line 20 branches off from the ring line 18 and ends in a control module 21.
  • the control module 21 acts on the control valve 19.
  • the illustrated embodiment shows a height-rescue device with automatically regulating abseiling speed at different loads, or to be rescued persons with very different weights.
  • the control module 21 holds the control valve 19 in the open or largely open position. If the rescue device is now loaded with a large load, the pressure within the system rises and the control valve 19 is closed in proportion to the increase in pressure, until eventually complete closure. Thus, the escapement runs only on the control bores of the vane fins 14.
  • the Lastabsink Marie is kept largely constant within large weight tolerances of the load orconfinedseilenden person.
  • a suitable control module 21 may comprise a pressure-resistant body having a control diaphragm 22 inside, the control diaphragm being loaded on one side by the fluid.
  • the spring 23 On the opposite side of the control diaphragm is the spring 23, which acts against the hydrostatic pressure and holds the control valve 19 in the open position by means of a coupling member in the unloaded case.
  • the control diaphragm 22 acts against the spring 23 and by means of the coupling member on the control valve 19.
  • the control effect by the strength of the spring 23 is arbitrarily adjustable.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 In the embodiment shown is a mechanical braking device according to the principle of centrifugally controlled brake.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the braking device perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the braking device in the illustrated embodiment comprises two brake shoes 24. In other embodiments, not shown, the use of only one or more than two brake shoes is possible.
  • the brake shoes 24 are configured semicircular in a conventional manner, in each case corresponding to the cylindrical inner side of the outer body 8. Furthermore, the brake shoes 24 are attached to one leg by means of axes 25 on the bottom plate 26 swung out.
  • the bottom plate 26 acts as a hub body in this embodiment.
  • the bottom plate 26 is rotated by the axis 5 in rotation.
  • a transmission gear can be arranged between the axis 5 and the bottom plate 26.
  • the output of the transmission in this case acts as an axis 5.
  • the transmission can e.g. be designed as a planetary gear.
  • the force of gravity of the attached load, or the person to be rescued acts on the cable spool 2 and thus on the axis 5, which is thus set in rotation.
  • the axis 5 forms the input for the optional transmission gear in which an increase in speed takes place with simultaneous torque reduction.
  • the output of the transmission gear acts on the bottom plate 26, which is thus set in rotation.
  • the illustrated embodiment has the advantage of self-control of the inhibition effect and thus the abseiling speed.
  • it initially comes in abseiling to an increased speed, which increases the speed of the bottom plate 26 with the associated components.
  • This in turn has an increase in the centrifugal force acting on the brake shoes 24, the result, which in turn leads to increased contact pressure of the brake shoes 24 on the inside of the outer body 8 and thus in turn to an increased braking effect.
  • FIG. 6 shows a development of the embodiment according to FIG. 5, wherein the illustrated brake device has further devices for manual action on the brake device.
  • This embodiment allows user intervention to reduce sink rate, to halt abseiling operation.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for rescue workers, for example, as far as the rescuers abseil in a high-rise fire from a higher floor to accommodate a person to be sheltered in a floor below.
  • the abseiling process can be interrupted at the level of the person to be rescued, the person is taken up and the abseiling process continues to the ground.
  • the brake shoes 24 each have an arcuate projection 28 in the middle.
  • the projection 28 is formed so that the projections of the sum of all the brake shoes 24 together form an inner cone.
  • the embodiment has a cone 29 which is arranged free-running on the displaceable cone axis 30. Freewheeling in the sense of the present invention means that the cone can rotate about the cone axis 30.
  • the cone axis 30 with the cone 28 thereon is arranged so that it can be pressed by means of the squeezing device 31 into the inner cone, formed by the arcuate projections 28.
  • this embodiment has a handset 32 for actuating the squeezing device 31.
  • the squeezing device 31 can be operated hydraulically or mechanically by means of the handset 32.
  • the operator can operate the handset 32, which is moved by the action of the squeezing 31 of the cone 29 in the inner cone formed by the arcuate projections 28.
  • the cone 29 is taken from the rotating brake shoes 24.
  • the cone 29 then rotates freely on the cone axis 30.
  • Upon further expressions of the cone 29 is further pressed into the inner cone formed by the arcuate projections 28, whereby a spreading action is exerted on the brake shoes 24.
  • the spreading effect and the associated contact pressure of the brake shoes on the inside of the outer body 8 can be arbitrarily controlled by the scope of the squeezing means of the squeezing device 31 via the handset 32.
  • the forces thus applied to the brake shoes 24 act in addition to the braking forces generated by the centrifugal force.
  • the cone 29 Upon release of the handset, the cone 29 is retracted by a suitable return device, here in the form of the return spring 33.
  • a suitable return device here in the form of the return spring 33.
  • Another suitable brake system for controlling the abseiling speed is a pneumatic brake system and will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10.
  • FIG. 7 shows the pneumatic brake system in its simplest embodiment.
  • the pneumatic braking device comprises cylinders 33 arranged on the outer body 8.
  • the pneumatic braking device comprises eight cylinders.
  • the number of cylinders with the associated modules can be varied easily. So it is possible to use braking devices with two, three, four, five, six, seven or more cylinders.
  • an eccentric 37 is arranged on the revolving axis 5. In this embodiment, the eccentric acts as a hub body.
  • the eccentric 37 will be explained in more detail below.
  • the eccentric 37 has a circumferential groove 40. In the circulation groove 40 can run roller bearings 39, which are arranged at the lower end of a piston rod 35.
  • FIG. 8 shows the cylinder 33 in enlarged detail.
  • the cylinder 33 is designed as a substantially closed cylinder, in which the piston 34 can oscillate.
  • the piston rod 35 connects, which is sealed relative to the cylinder 33.
  • the piston rod guide 36 is arranged, which ensures a vertical guidance of the piston rod.
  • the roller bearing 39 connects.
  • the cylinder 33 control bores or control nozzles 41, respectively disposed at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder.
  • the axis 5 is rotated according to the previously made representations of other embodiments, on which the eccentric 37 is arranged.
  • the pistons 34 are set in an oscillating motion via the piston rods 35.
  • the compressed gas is controlled by the upper control bore 41 controlled against a resistance, whereby the movement of the piston 34 is inhibited.
  • a negative pressure in the corresponding space of the cylinder 33 is formed on the opposite side of the piston 34 by the movement thereof.
  • the compensation takes place in accordance with the lower control bore 41.
  • the movement of the piston 34 thus takes place simultaneously against an overpressure in the direction of movement and a negative pressure on the side thereof. In other words, the system is double inhibited.
  • the setting of the inhibition can be done easily by selecting the control bores or suitable control nozzles.
  • the braking device can precede a transmission gear, as described above.
  • the use of a transmission gear has the advantage that the rotational speed of the braking device is increased, while reducing the torque.
  • the aforementioned measure leads to an improvement in the controllability and the effect of the braking devices.
  • FIG 9 shows a suitable embodiment of the eccentric 37.
  • the eccentric 37 consists according to the illustrated embodiments of two mirror-image formed half-parts.
  • the half parts each have eccentric axle receptacles 42 for receiving the axle 5.
  • Circumferentially, the half parts continue to have a circumferential rim 43, forming the circulation groove 40.
  • the circulation groove 40 takes in the installed state, the roller bearings 39 on.
  • the roller bearings 39 can rotate freely in the circulation groove 40 during rotation of the eccentric 37.
  • FIG. 10 shows a development of the pneumatic braking device according to FIG. 7 with a standstill brake.
  • the standstill brake comprises opposed pistons 45 which are arranged in the cylinder 33.
  • the arrangement of the counter-piston 45 takes place off the axis 5 opposite to the piston 34.
  • the cylinder is provided on the outside with an opening which has no control effect.
  • the control bore is in this embodiment within the counter-piston 45.
  • the counter-piston 45 may be provided on the piston 34 side facing with a brake buffer 46.
  • a suitable brake buffer consists for example of an elastomeric block.
  • the counter-piston 45 is attached to the adjusting ring 44 by suitable means, such as a piston rod. By means of the adjusting ring 44, the counter-piston 45 can be adjusted in its position in the cylinder 33.
  • a suitable measure is the use of a positive guide 47.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a possible embodiment of the construction of a single cylinder outlined above.
  • the cylinder 33 has on the outside openings 49a and 49b, which ensure the inlet and outlet of the pneumatic medium.
  • Piston 34 and counter-piston 45 define a defined gas volume.
  • the counter-piston 45 is here provided with a control bore 48 which influences the ratio of pressure-volume work to outflow volume during the descent operation.
  • the counter-piston 45 is returned to its initial position in the respective cylinder 33, with the return of the adjusting ring 44, with which the piston 34 again has the travel path available. Under the effect of gravity of the person to be rescued, or the suspended load of abseiling is resumed immediately.
  • the illustrated embodiment of Figure 10 has the advantage that the deceleration can be carried out to a standstill by the operator without further measures, namely by adjusting the adjusting ring, after which the resulting increased damping effect leads to a gentle braking without further action by the operator.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de secours de personnes en altitude, comportant un axe (5) sur lequel une bobine de câble (5) est disposée de façon centrale. Sur ses extrémités respectives, l'axe (5) présente des corps de moyeu (7) entourés par des corps extérieurs (8) de façon à tourner. Un dispositif de freinage (6) est disposé respectivement entre les corps de moyeu (7) et les corps extérieurs (8), les corps extérieurs (8) présentant également au moins un dispositif de fixation (9).
PCT/EP2006/012339 2005-12-21 2006-12-20 Dispositif de secours en altitude WO2007076938A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200510061363 DE102005061363A1 (de) 2005-12-21 2005-12-21 Vorrichtung zur Höhenrettung
DE102005061363.2 2005-12-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007076938A2 true WO2007076938A2 (fr) 2007-07-12
WO2007076938A3 WO2007076938A3 (fr) 2007-10-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/012339 WO2007076938A2 (fr) 2005-12-21 2006-12-20 Dispositif de secours en altitude

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DE (1) DE102005061363A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007076938A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020212741A1 (de) 2020-10-08 2022-04-14 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Höhenrettungsanordnung
DE102022107239B3 (de) 2022-03-28 2023-03-23 Michael Braun Pilotseilwinde zur Sicherung von Personen oder Lasten sowie Bauwerk oder Transportmittel, umfassend eine solche

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2168668A (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-06-25 Sheu Por Jiy Fire-escape apparatus for high building
DE3922825A1 (de) * 1989-07-11 1991-01-24 Alfred Dipl Phys Seeger Abseilgeraet

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US531567A (en) * 1894-12-25 Fire-escape
US1320792A (en) * 1919-11-04 noguera and j
US516117A (en) * 1894-03-06 Fire-escape
US1978742A (en) * 1933-06-20 1934-10-30 Harry W Drake Hydraulic brake
IT1107741B (it) * 1977-04-19 1985-11-25 Ciabo Renzo Sistema e dispositivo per il salvataggio di individui dai piani superiori di edifici a seguito di incendi,crolli od altro
DE3142146A1 (de) * 1981-10-23 1983-05-11 Sheu Kaohsing Por-Jiy Fluchtvorrichtung fuer hohe gebaeude
CH669734A5 (fr) * 1986-05-14 1989-04-14 Piero Barelli
JPS63154048U (fr) * 1986-12-08 1988-10-11
DE3801927A1 (de) * 1988-01-23 1988-09-01 Gerd Rienks Notabstiegshilfe fuer hochhaeuser bei brand und jedem wetter
GB2304091A (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-03-12 Jeffrey Ian Ayres Slow-fall device using compressed air
JP4809969B2 (ja) * 2000-08-30 2011-11-09 株式会社フジ医療器 マッサージ機

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2168668A (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-06-25 Sheu Por Jiy Fire-escape apparatus for high building
DE3922825A1 (de) * 1989-07-11 1991-01-24 Alfred Dipl Phys Seeger Abseilgeraet

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Publication number Publication date
WO2007076938A3 (fr) 2007-10-11
DE102005061363A1 (de) 2007-07-05

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