WO2007040018A1 - 受信装置 - Google Patents
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- WO2007040018A1 WO2007040018A1 PCT/JP2006/317998 JP2006317998W WO2007040018A1 WO 2007040018 A1 WO2007040018 A1 WO 2007040018A1 JP 2006317998 W JP2006317998 W JP 2006317998W WO 2007040018 A1 WO2007040018 A1 WO 2007040018A1
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- soft decision
- signal
- likelihood
- decision value
- hard decision
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- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000007476 Maximum Likelihood Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/7103—Interference-related aspects the interference being multiple access interference
- H04B1/7105—Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors
- H04B1/71057—Joint detection techniques, e.g. linear detectors using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation [MLSE]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0047—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/06—Dc level restoring means; Bias distortion correction ; Decision circuits providing symbol by symbol detection
- H04L25/067—Dc level restoring means; Bias distortion correction ; Decision circuits providing symbol by symbol detection providing soft decisions, i.e. decisions together with an estimate of reliability
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
- H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
- H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0014—Three-dimensional division
- H04L5/0016—Time-frequency-code
- H04L5/0021—Time-frequency-code in which codes are applied as a frequency-domain sequences, e.g. MC-CDMA
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a receiving device that demodulates a received signal, and particularly relates to a receiving device that demodulates a modulated signal received via a plurality of antennas.
- the maximum likelihood determination method calculates the metric of the replica and the received signal created based on the transmission path response and the transmission symbol candidate on the receiving device (hereinafter referred to as the receiver) side, and minimizes the metric.
- the replica is searched for all the combinations, and the transmission symbol candidate corresponding to the replica with the smallest metric is output as the determination result.
- This maximum likelihood determination method has excellent reception performance, but generally requires an enormous amount of calculation to calculate all possible combinations of metrics.
- a calculation amount reduction type maximum likelihood determination method is described in Non-Patent Document 1 below. According to Non-Patent Document 1 below, the amount of calculation required for maximum likelihood determination is reduced by limiting the combinations for calculating metrics by some means.
- the above-mentioned computational complexity reduction type maximum likelihood determination method has a problem that it is difficult to calculate a soft decision value used for error correction decoding.
- a soft decision value in units of bits is obtained by a log likelihood ratio of the likelihood when the bit is “1” and the likelihood when the bit is “+1”.
- the above-mentioned computational complexity reduction type maximum likelihood determination method does not calculate metrics for all replicas. Therefore, there is a possibility that there is no symbol including “1” or “+1” in the transmission symbol candidates for which the metric is calculated. In such a case, the soft decision value cannot be calculated.
- Patent Document 1 there is a technique described in Patent Document 1 below as a technique for solving the problem of the above-described calculation amount reduction type maximum likelihood determination method.
- a hard decision sequence is estimated using a maximum likelihood determination method of a calculation amount reduction type.
- the hard decision value of the bit to be calculated is referred to, and the sequence having the inverted bit is reduced in computational complexity.
- Estimate using the reduced maximum likelihood method By repeating this operation as many times as the number of bits transmitted in one transmission, the likelihood information of “1” and “+1” for all transmitted bits is obtained. As a result, it is possible to calculate a soft decision value in the maximum likelihood determination method of a calculation amount reduction type.
- Non-special literature 1 Emanueie Viterbo, Joseph Boutros, A Universal Lattice and oae
- Patent Document 1 GB2406760A
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to obtain a soft decision value with high accuracy and a small amount of computation in the computation amount reduction type maximum likelihood determination method.
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a receiving apparatus capable of providing good communication on a circuit scale.
- a receiving apparatus is a receiving apparatus that demodulates modulated signals received via a plurality of antennas, and performs predetermined reception.
- a transmission path estimation means for estimating a transmission path response matrix according to the number of antennas and the number of symbols based on a received signal vector representing a plurality of baseband digital signals after processing; Based on the received signal vector and the channel response matrix, the hard decision sequence is estimated, and the hard decision sequence obtained as the estimation result and the first likelihood information corresponding to the hard decision sequence are output.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiver according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit included in the digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a digital signal demodulating unit of the receiver according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit included in the digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit provided in the digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a digital signal demodulating unit of the receiver according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit provided in the digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiver according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a digital signal demodulating unit of the receiver according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit included in the digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiver according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit included in the digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a first embodiment of a receiving apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a receiver) according to the present invention.
- the receiver according to the present embodiment includes an antenna 10-1 to N, an analog signal processing unit 11-1 to N, an AZD conversion unit 12-1 to N, and a digital unit that performs characteristic operations of the present invention.
- a signal demodulator 13, a Dinterleaver 14, and a decoder 15 are provided. The operation of the receiver according to the present invention will be described below.
- the analog signal processing units 11-1 to 11 -N perform analog signal processing such as down-conversion on the high-frequency analog signals received via the antennas 10-1 to N.
- analog signal processing such as down-conversion on the high-frequency analog signals received via the antennas 10-1 to N.
- the signals output from the analog signal processors 11 1 to N are converted into digital signals by the AZD converters 12-1 to N and output to the digital signal demodulator 13.
- the digital signal demodulator 13 performs demodulation processing described later on the input signal to obtain demodulated data.
- This demodulated data is output after the inverse processing of interleaving performed by the transmitter is performed on the transmission signal in the Dinterleave unit 14.
- Decoding section 15 performs error correction decoding processing, which is soft decision decoding, on the output signal from deinterleaving section 14 and outputs the result as a decoded bit sequence.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the digital signal demodulating unit 13.
- the digital signal demodulation unit 13 includes a hard decision sequence estimation unit 21, a transmission path estimation unit 22, and soft decision value generation units 23-1 to K. Note that ⁇ depends on the received signal modulation method equal to the number of bits transmitted at one symbol timing and the number of signals transmitted simultaneously at the transmitter by a plurality of antenna forces.
- the digital signal demodulating unit 13 receives the baseband digital signal of the ⁇ system output from the AZD conversion units 12-1 to ⁇ .
- these input signals are represented by a high-dimensional column vector and are referred to as “reception signal vectors”.
- the transmission path estimation unit 22 first estimates the transmission path response of the desired signal based on the received signal vector.
- the transmission path response is estimated using, for example, the least square method using known sequences orthogonal between the transmitting antennas.
- the transmission line response can be expressed as an N-by-M matrix using M and the number of receiving antennas N of the receiver. it can.
- the transmission line response may be a simple scalar rather than a matrix, but in the following description, the transmission line response will be unified as “transmission line response matrix”. It should be noted that the present invention can be applied as it is even when the transmission line response matrix is a vector or a scalar.
- Hard decision sequence estimation unit 21 estimates a hard decision sequence corresponding to the transmission signal of the partner transmitter based on the received signal vector that is the input signal and the transmission path response matrix received from transmission path estimation unit 22. To do.
- the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21 outputs the estimated hard decision sequence and the likelihood information ex corresponding to the hard decision sequence to the soft decision value generation units 23-1 to K.
- the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21 performs an estimation process using any signal determination technique suitable for the assumed communication system, such as a computational complexity reduction type maximum likelihood determination method such as “sphere decoding”. .
- Soft decision value generators 23-1 to 23-K perform the later-described processing based on the received signal vector, the transmission path response matrix, the hard decision sequence, and the likelihood information ⁇ to perform soft decision on the hard decision sequence. Generate a value.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the soft decision value generation units 23-1 to ⁇ .
- the soft decision value generation units 23-1 to ⁇ include a vector subtraction unit 31, a weight multiplication unit 32, and a signal determination unit. 33, a likelihood generation unit 34, a soft decision value calculation unit 35, and a weight generation unit 36. Then, the soft decision value generating units 23-1 to ⁇ generate soft decision values for each element (bit) of the ⁇ bit hard decision sequence.
- the kth (k is an integer from 1 to ⁇ ) soft decision value generator 23-k generates a soft decision value corresponding to the kth bit of the hard decision sequence.
- the symbol number including the kth bit of the hard decision sequence i.e., i (where i is an integer from 1 to M), the bit for which the soft decision value is calculated, is received.
- the element number of the received signal vector corresponding to the antenna number is represented by j (j is an integer from 1 to N).
- the transmission channel response matrix output from the transmission channel estimation unit 22 is input to the vector subtraction unit 31, the weight generation unit 36, and the likelihood generation unit 34.
- the hard decision sequence output from the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21 is a vector subtraction unit 31.
- the received signal vector is input to the vector subtractor 31 and the likelihood generator 34.
- the vector subtracting unit 31 multiplies the i-th column vector among the column vectors constituting the transmission path response matrix by a symbol having a bit opposite to the k-th bit of the hard decision sequence.
- the vector (replica) generated as the multiplication result is also subtracted from the received signal vector force, and the result is output to the weight multiplication unit 32.
- the above subtraction process is expressed by the following equation (1).
- r represents the j-th element of the received signal vector
- h represents the i-th row and j-th element of the channel response matrix
- s' is opposite to the k-th bit of the hard decision sequence Represents a symbol with a bit.
- the received signal vector is transformed into a form that takes into account the effect of inverting the hard decision sequence force for the bits for which soft decision values are calculated.
- the number of s' that can be taken depends on the modulation method, and there are only “(number of signal points per symbol) Z2”. For this reason, the same processing is performed for all combinations (possible s') corresponding to the modulation method used (details will be described later). For example, there are 2 combinations for QPSK modulation and 8 combinations for 16QAM modulation.
- the weight generation unit 36 deletes the i-th column title from the transmission path response matrix that is an input signal, and reconstructs a matrix reduced to N rows (M-1) columns. Next, a weight matrix is generated by calculating an inverse matrix of this reconstructed matrix, and is output to the weight multiplier 32.
- the weight multiplication unit 32 multiplies the signal (vector) received from the vector subtraction unit 31 by the weight matrix received from the weight generation unit 36, and outputs the multiplication result to the signal determination unit 33.
- the output signal from the vector subtractor 31 is an N-dimensional vector.
- the processing result of the weight multiplier 32 is a (M-1) -dimensional column vector.
- Each element of this vector is an estimated value of a symbol other than the i-th symbol when the i-th symbol is assumed to be s' in the transmission signal.
- the signal determination unit 33 performs signal determination on each of the (M-1) elements of the processing result of the weight multiplication unit 32 based on transmission signal mapping (signal point arrangement), and s' and The combination of the signal determination results (prediction results based on the estimated values of symbols other than the i-th symbol) is used as the estimated value of the sequence obtained by inverting the k-th bit of the hard-decision sequence to the likelihood generator 34. Output.
- the likelihood generation unit 34 generates likelihood information ⁇ for the signal received from the signal determination unit 33 (estimated value of a sequence obtained by inverting the kth bit of the hard decision sequence), and generates the soft decision value Output to calculator 35. Specifically, first, a replica is generated by multiplying the transmission path response matrix by the signal received from the signal determination unit 33. Next, likelihood information ⁇ is calculated based on the generated replica and the received signal vector, and the calculation result is output to soft decision value calculator 35.
- the vector subtraction unit 31 since there are a plurality of s', the vector subtraction unit 31, the weight multiplication unit 32, the signal determination unit 33, and the likelihood generation unit 34 The above-described processing is performed on all s ′, and the likelihood generation unit 34 outputs the result (likelihood information ⁇ ) to the soft decision value calculation unit 35.
- Soft decision value calculator 35 calculates a soft decision value based on likelihood information oc received from hard decision sequence estimator 21 and likelihood information received from likelihood generator 34, and the obtained soft decision value The judgment value is output as demodulated data to the Dinterleave unit 14.
- the soft decision value calculation unit 35 holds the same number of likelihood information j8 as possible combinations of s', and the one with the highest likelihood among the plurality of likelihood information ⁇ . Use (select) to calculate the soft decision value.
- the soft decision value is represented by the ratio between the likelihood information whose bit for which the soft decision value is to be calculated is “ ⁇ 1” and the likelihood information whose bit is “+1”.
- the soft decision value of the kth bit is the metric corresponding to “1” and “+1” as shown in the following equation (2). Meto corresponding to It can be easily calculated by calculating the difference from Rick.
- the likelihood information ex to the likelihood information ⁇ (however, in the output of the likelihood generating unit 34) according to Equation (2)
- the result of subtracting the one with the maximum likelihood, that is, the one with the smallest metric due to the square error of the received signal vector and the replica vector is the soft decision value.
- the receiver is configured to include a single soft decision value generation unit, but is not limited thereto, and includes, for example, a single soft decision value generation unit.
- the soft decision value generation unit may calculate soft decision values for all received signal vectors.
- the likelihood generation unit 34 is configured to include a means for storing information (for example, a memory), and the likelihood generation unit 34 does not calculate the replica vector generated from the transmission path response matrix and the transmission signal candidate one by one.
- the replica vector is stored in advance in the memory, and when the signal is received from the signal determination unit 33, the stored replica vector is referred to and the likelihood information (likelihood information) about the input signal is stored. ⁇ 8) may be calculated.
- the soft decision value generators 23-1 to 23-1 are each provided with one weight generator 36 outside the soft decision value generators 23-1 to 23. A weight matrix corresponding to each symbol of the output signal of the estimation unit 22 may be calculated.
- the likelihood information (corresponding to the likelihood information j8) of the bit opposite to each element (bit) of the hard decision sequence is reduced in the column direction dimension.
- symbols having bits opposite to the specific bits of the hard decision sequence are decided in consideration of the channel response matrix.
- the amount of processing required to calculate the soft decision value can be easily estimated based on the assumed system configuration.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the digital signal demodulating unit of the receiver according to the second embodiment.
- the digital signal demodulating unit is a transmission path estimating unit included in the digital signal demodulating unit according to the first embodiment described above.
- 22 and soft decision value generators 23-1 to K are provided with parameter estimation unit 42 and soft decision value generators 23a-1 to K, respectively. Since other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
- the parameter estimation unit 42 estimates the transmission channel response (transmission channel response matrix) of the desired signal based on the received signal vector, similarly to the transmission channel estimation unit 22 of the first embodiment described above. The results are output to the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21 and the soft decision value generation unit 23a-1 to ⁇ . Further, the parameter estimation unit 42 estimates information about noise power (hereinafter referred to as noise power information) such as average noise power or average signal power to noise power ratio applied to the received signal vector, and softens the result. Determination value generator 23a—outputs to 1 to K. This estimation of noise power information is realized, for example, by transmitting a known sequence between transmitters and receivers and averaging the power of a signal from which a replica of the known sequence is removed over the received known sequence section.
- noise power information information about noise power
- Determination value generator 23a outputs to 1 to K. This estimation of noise power information is realized, for example, by transmitting a known sequence between transmitters and receivers and averaging the power of a signal from which a
- Soft decision value generators 23a-1 to K are soft decision values based on likelihood information ⁇ and noise power information corresponding to a received signal vector, a transmission path response matrix, a hard decision sequence, and a hard decision sequence. Is generated.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of soft decision value generation units 23a-1 to ⁇ constituting the digital signal demodulation unit included in the receiver of Embodiment 2, and soft decision value generation units 23a-1 to K Includes a weight generation unit 36a instead of the soft decision value generation unit 23-1 to the weight generation unit 36 of ⁇ in the first embodiment. Other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment described above. Hereinafter, the operation of the weight generation unit 36a will be described.
- the weight generation unit 36a first deletes the i-th column vector from the transmission path response matrix, which is one of the input signals, and reconstructs a matrix reduced to N rows (M-1) columns. Next, a weight matrix is generated using the reconstructed matrix and the following equation (3), and the result is output to the weight multiplier 32.
- w represents a weight matrix
- H ′ represents a reconstructed transmission line response matrix
- M represents a transmission matrix. This represents the number of signals transmitted simultaneously in the receiver
- I represents the unit matrix
- ⁇ ⁇ 2 represents the average signal power to noise power ratio
- the symbol * represents the complex conjugate
- ⁇ represents the transpose of the matrix.
- the likelihood information of the bit opposite to each element (bit) of the hard decision sequence is generated using the weight matrix generated in consideration of the average noise power. It was decided to estimate.
- the weight matrix is calculated only by matrix calculation using the channel response matrix reconstructed by reducing the dimension in the column direction. As a result, a soft decision value with higher accuracy can be calculated, and the processing amount required for the soft decision calculation can be easily estimated based on the assumed system configuration. Furthermore, good communication can be provided with a very small circuit scale.
- Embodiment 3 will be described.
- the configuration of the receiver of the present embodiment and the configuration of the digital signal demodulator provided in the receiver are the same as those of the second embodiment described above.
- only the configuration of the soft decision value generation unit provided in the digital signal demodulation unit is different.
- the operation of the soft decision value generation unit will be described.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit included in the digital signal demodulation unit included in the receiver according to the third embodiment.
- This soft decision value generation unit is the same as the above-described embodiment.
- Vector calculation unit 31, weight multiplication unit 32, signal determination unit 33, likelihood generation unit 34, and soft decision value calculation unit 35 provided in the soft decision value generation unit 2 of FIG.
- a multiplier 32b, a signal determination unit 33b, a likelihood generation unit 34b, and a soft decision value calculation unit 35b are provided, and a replica generation unit 51 is further added.
- the weight generation unit 36a performs the same operation as the weight generation unit of the second embodiment described above.
- the replica generation unit 51 generates a hard decision sequence replica vector by multiplying the hard decision sequence and the channel response matrix, and outputs the result to the vector subtraction unit 31b.
- the vector subtracting unit 3 lb includes the i-th column vector among the column vectors constituting the channel response matrix, and a symbol having a bit opposite to the k-th bit of the hard decision sequence. Multiply and subtract the vector generated as a result of the multiplication from both the received signal vector and the replica vector. Further, the vector subtraction unit 31b obtains the above subtraction process. The obtained result is output to the weight multiplier 32b.
- the weight multiplying unit 32b multiplies each of the two vector signals received from the vector subtracting unit 31b by the weight matrix received from the weight generating unit 36a, and outputs the multiplication result to the signal determining unit 33b. Output.
- the signal determination unit 33b Based on the mapping of the transmission signal, the signal determination unit 33b performs signal determination on each of the two input signals, and outputs the result to the likelihood generation unit 34b.
- Likelihood generator 34b is similar to likelihood generator 34 in Embodiment 1 described above for each of the two systems of signals received from signal determiner 33b using the received signal vector and transmission path response matrix. By performing the above process, the likelihood information ⁇ for each of the two systems of signals is generated and output to the soft decision value calculator 35b.
- the vector subtraction unit 31b since there are a plurality of s's to be considered in the vector subtraction unit 3lb, the vector subtraction unit 31b, the weight multiplication unit 32b, the signal The determination unit 33b and the likelihood generation unit 34b perform the above-described processing for all s ′.
- Soft decision value calculator 35b calculates a soft decision value based on likelihood information ex corresponding to the hard decision sequence and likelihood information received from likelihood generator 34b.
- the likelihood information input from the likelihood generation unit 34b refers to predetermined signal processing on the received signal vector (the vector subtraction unit 3lb, the weight multiplication unit 32b, the signal determination unit 33b, and the likelihood Predetermined signal processing was performed on the likelihood information j8 obtained as a result of the processing performed in the generation unit 34b) and the replica vector output from the replica generation unit 51.
- the resulting likelihood information ⁇ 8 is shown. Therefore, by using (selecting) the one having the highest likelihood among the plurality of pieces of likelihood information ⁇ , the soft decision value calculation unit 35 described in Embodiment 1 and The soft decision value is calculated by performing the same processing.
- the soft decision value generation unit of the present embodiment is a set of signal processing units (vector subtraction) that performs predetermined processing on both the received signal vector and the replica vector output from the replica generation unit 51.
- Unit 31b to likelihood information generation unit 34b but not limited thereto, a signal processing unit for processing a received signal vector and a replica beta
- the signal processing unit for processing the signal may be provided independently (two signal processing units are provided).
- the replica generation unit 51 of FIG. 6 is configured to be provided outside (previous stage) of the soft decision value generation unit, and the replica generation unit outputs a replica vector to each soft decision value generation unit. That's fine.
- the hard decision sequence estimator executes a computational complexity reduction type maximum likelihood decision method such as "sphere decoding"
- the hard decision sequence estimator performs the signal estimation process (overestimation of hard decision sequences).
- the replica vector of the hard decision series has already been calculated. Therefore, the hard decision sequence estimation unit outputs the replica vector calculated in the signal estimation process, and the soft decision value generation unit performs the above-described processing using the replica vector. As a result, the same effect can be obtained even if the replica generation unit 51 is deleted.
- the soft decision value generation unit When it is determined that the noise power is low based on the noise power information input to the weight generation unit 36a, the soft decision value generation unit performs a soft decision on the replica vector generated by the replica generation unit 51. Only the value generation process may be performed, and the soft decision value generation process for the received signal vector may not be performed. As a result, the average processing amount can be reduced.
- a series of processing from the vector subtractor 31b to the likelihood generator 34b is applied to two systems of a received signal vector and a replica vector generated from a hard decision sequence and a channel response matrix.
- the present invention is not limited, and three or more signal vectors may be input, and likelihood information for those inputs may be calculated by the vector calculation unit 3 lb to the likelihood generation unit 34b.
- signal processing for soft decision value calculation is performed using a replica vector generated from a received signal vector, a hard decision sequence, and a transmission path response matrix.
- the likelihood information is generated considering each signal processing result.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example, and this digital signal demodulating unit is connected to the hard decision sequence estimating unit 21 and the soft decision value generating units 23a-1 to K of the digital signal demodulating unit included in the receiver according to the second embodiment. Instead, a hard decision sequence estimation unit 21c and soft decision value generation units 23c-1 to ⁇ are provided, and a memory unit 61 is further added. Since other parts are the same as those in the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted. In the present embodiment, the output of the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21c and the like are stored in the memory unit 61, and the soft decision value generation units 23c-1 to 23-K refer to the information accumulated in the memory unit 61. Process.
- Hard decision sequence estimation unit 21c estimates a hard decision sequence based on the received signal vector and the transmission path response matrix in the same manner as hard decision sequence estimation unit 21 of the first embodiment described above.
- the corresponding likelihood information ex is output to the soft decision value generators 23c-1 to K.
- the hard decision sequence estimator 21c combines the final hard decision sequence and the likelihood information ⁇ , and all likelihood information calculated in the process!
- the combination with the transmission symbol candidate is output to the memory unit 61, and the memory unit 61 stores the information received from the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21c.
- the memory unit 61 stores a plurality of pieces of likelihood information ⁇ and signal information corresponding to the pieces of likelihood information ⁇ generated by a likelihood generation unit 34c described later.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the soft decision value generators 23c-1 to ⁇ , and the soft decision value generators 23c-1 to ⁇ are the soft decision value generators of the second embodiment described above.
- 23a Instead of the likelihood generator 34 and the soft decision value calculator 35 included in 1 to ⁇ , each includes a likelihood generator 34c and a soft decision value calculator 35c, and a memory reference 64 is added. It becomes composition.
- the other parts are the same as those in the second embodiment described above, so the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
- the signal determination unit 33 outputs the processing result (signal determination result) to the memory reference device 64.
- the memory reference unit 64 receives a signal (result of signal determination) from the signal determination unit 33, the memory reference unit 64 refers to the transmission symbol candidate stored in the memory unit 61. If the signal determination unit 33 is also stored in the same transmission symbol candidate power 61 as the received signal, the memory reference unit 64 sends the likelihood information j8 corresponding to the transmission symbol candidate to the memory unit 61. And output to the soft decision value calculator 35c.
- the same transmission symbol candidate as the signal received from the signal determination unit 33 is stored in the memory unit 61. In this case, the memory reference unit 64 estimates the signal received from the signal determination unit 33. Output to the degree generator 34c.
- the likelihood generation unit 34c When the likelihood generation unit 34c receives a signal from the memory reference device 64, the likelihood generation unit 34c calculates the likelihood information ⁇ by performing the same processing as the likelihood generation unit 34 of the second embodiment described above, and calculates the result. Output to the soft decision value calculator 35c.
- the likelihood generator 34c also stores the calculated likelihood information ⁇ and the signal used to calculate the likelihood information ⁇ (the signal received from the signal determination unit 33 via the memory reference device 64). Output to 61.
- soft decision value calculation unit 35c receives likelihood information ⁇ from memory reference device 64 or likelihood generation unit 34c, soft decision value calculation unit 35c described in the first embodiment is based on the likelihood information (8). The soft decision value is calculated by performing the same processing as part 35.
- the memory unit 61 is added to the digital signal demodulating unit of the receiver according to the second embodiment described above, and the memory reference device 64 is added to the soft decision value generating unit.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the memory unit 61 is added to the digital signal demodulation unit of the receiver according to the first or third embodiment described above, and the memory reference unit 64 is added to the soft decision value generation unit. It is good also as the structure which carried out.
- the memory reference unit 64 is arranged in the preceding stage of the vector subtracting unit 31, and the memory unit 61 is referred to in advance, and has a bit opposite to the bit of the hard decision sequence to be subjected to the soft decision value calculation.
- the likelihood information may be output to the soft decision value calculation unit 35c. In this case, intermediate processing necessary for likelihood information calculation is not necessary, and the amount of calculation can be further reduced. Further, instead of preparing the memory unit 61, a configuration may be adopted in which the hard decision sequence estimation unit and the soft decision value generation unit directly exchange likelihood information and symbol information.
- Hard decision sequences and corresponding likelihood information OC, hard decision sequence candidates and corresponding likelihood information calculated in the process of hard decision sequence estimation processing, likelihood information ⁇ and its likelihood information It was decided to store in advance the information of the signal used to calculate ⁇ .
- the digital signal demodulating unit operates by referring to these pieces of information, and for example, omits calculation of likelihood information for symbols that have already been calculated. Thereby, the amount of calculation can be reduced without impairing the accuracy of the processing result.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a receiver according to the fifth embodiment.
- the receiver of the present embodiment includes a digital signal demodulator 13d and a decoder 15d, respectively, instead of the digital signal demodulator 13 and the decoder 15 provided in the receiver of the first embodiment described above, and further includes an interleave. Section 73 and adders 71 and 72 are added. The portions corresponding to the antennas 10-1 to N, the analog signal processing units 11-1 to N and the AZD conversion units 12-1 to N shown in FIG. 1 have the same configuration.
- the Dinter leaver 14, the decoder 15d, the interleaver 73, and the adders 71 and 72 operate as signal decoding means.
- the decoding unit 15d is a so-called soft input / soft output decoder, and the receiver according to the present embodiment generates a priori information based on the decoded data output from the decoding unit 15d and outputs the obtained information.
- the digital signal demodulator 13d performs a signal demodulation operation in consideration of the prior information, and further exchanges the prior information and the soft decision value between the signal decoding means and the digital signal demodulator 13d for a predetermined number of times before decoding.
- the decoded data obtained in section 15d is handled as final decoded data with improved accuracy.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the digital signal demodulating unit 13d provided in the receiver of the fifth embodiment.
- the digital signal demodulating unit 13d is the digital signal demodulating unit 13 of the first embodiment described above.
- hard decision sequence estimation unit 21 and soft decision value generation units 23-1 to K hard decision sequence estimation unit 21d and soft decision value generation units 23d-1 to K are provided.
- the other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, and thus the same reference numerals are given. The description is omitted.
- the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21d Based on the received signal vector, the transmission path response matrix, and a priori information that is an output signal from the interleave unit 73 described later, the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21d and the most probable hard decision sequence and the corresponding likelihood Degree information ⁇ is output.
- the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21d uses, for example, “sphere decoding” or the like that performs MAP (Maximum A posteriori Probability) estimation, which is known as a method of generating likelihood information considering prior information. Generate likelihood information.
- the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21d outputs the estimated hard decision sequence and likelihood information a to the soft decision value generation units 23d-1 to K.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the soft decision value generators 23d-1 to ⁇ , and the soft decision value generators 23d 1 to K are the soft decision value generators 23-1 of the first embodiment described above.
- a likelihood generator 34d is provided instead of the likelihood generator 34 included in .about. ⁇ .
- the other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, so the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
- the likelihood generation unit 34d calculates the likelihood information ⁇ based on the signal received from the signal determination unit 33, the received signal vector, the transmission path response matrix, and the prior information received from the interleaving unit 73. The result is output to the soft decision value calculator 35. Like the hard decision sequence estimation unit 21d, the likelihood generation unit 34d performs, for example, “likelihood information generation processing using sphere decoding or the like that performs MAP estimation. That is, Embodiment 1 described above. In the same manner as described above, a replicated force vector is generated based on the transmission line response matrix and the output signal from the signal determination unit 33, and likelihood information is generated based on the replica vector, received signal vector, and prior information obtained here. To do.
- soft decision value calculation unit 35 is based on likelihood information ⁇ received from hard decision sequence estimation unit 21d and likelihood information
- the soft decision value is calculated by performing the same process as in FIG.
- adder 71 that has received the soft decision value from digital signal demodulating unit 13d subtracts the prior information that is the output signal of interleaving unit 73 from the soft decision value, and obtains the result as a deinterleaving unit. Outputs to 14.
- the Dinterleaver 14 performs a process opposite to the interleaving performed by the transmitter on the transmission signal, and the result is sent to the decoding part 15d and Output to the power calculator 72.
- the decoding unit 15d is realized by, for example, a so-called soft input / soft output decoder such as a SOVA (Soft Output Vit erbi Algorithm) decoder or a MAP decoder. Perform decryption.
- SOVA Soft Output Vit erbi Algorithm
- adder 72 subtracts the signal received from Dinterleaver 14 from the output signal of decoder 15d, and outputs the result to interleaver 73.
- Interleaving section 73 performs the same processing as the interleaving performed by the transmitter on the transmission signal, and outputs the result to digital signal demodulation section 13d and adder 71 as prior information.
- the receiver according to the present embodiment softens between the digital signal demodulating unit 13d and the decoding unit 15d via the adder 71, the Dinter leaving unit 14, the adder 72, and the interleaving unit 73. While exchanging judgment values and prior information, the soft decision value generation process and decoding process described above are repeated, and the data obtained by repeatedly executing these processes a predetermined number of times is used as the final decoded data. Treat as. This improves the determination accuracy.
- the interleaver 73 and the like are added to the receiver according to the first embodiment described above.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the second and third embodiments described above are also used.
- the interleave unit 73 may be added to the receiver according to 4.
- the soft decision value and the prior information are exchanged between the digital signal demodulating unit 13d and the decoding unit 15d, and repeated demodulation and decoding processing is performed.
- the accuracy of the determination data is improved and good communication can be realized.
- the soft decision value generation processing in the digital signal demodulator 13d is performed by matrix calculation using a channel response matrix reconstructed by reducing the dimension in the column direction, as in the other embodiments described above. It was.
- the receiver of this embodiment that repeatedly executes demodulation processing and decoding processing can be realized with a small circuit scale.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the receiver according to the sixth embodiment.
- the receiver of the present embodiment includes a digital signal demodulator 13e instead of the digital signal demodulator 13 provided in the receiver of the first embodiment described above, and further includes an FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) unit 81-1 to N. And parallel-serial converter 82 was added. It becomes composition. Since other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transform
- N-element antenna 10 Multi-carrier high-frequency analog signal received via 1 to N
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- MC Multiple-Code Division Multiple Access
- FFT unit 81 Input to 1 to N.
- FFT unit 81— 1 to N converts the time domain signal into a frequency domain signal for each subcarrier by performing discrete Fourier transform or fast discrete Fourier transform on the input signal. The result is output to the digital signal demodulator 13e.
- Digital signal demodulator 13e has the same configuration as the digital signal demodulator included in the receiver of any one of Embodiments 1 to 5 described above, and performs demodulation corresponding to the configuration.
- the soft decision value that is data is output.
- digital signal demodulator 13e of the present embodiment performs a process of outputting a soft decision value for each subcarrier that is an input signal.
- the parallel / serial converter 82 rearranges the demodulated data of each subcarrier estimated by the digital signal demodulator 13e in series, and outputs the result.
- the force obtained by adding the FFT units 81-1 to N and the like to the receiver according to the first embodiment described above is not limited to this.
- a configuration may be adopted in which FFT units 81-1 to N are added to the receivers that work in modes 2 to 5.
- the received signal is demodulated for each subcarrier, and the above-described digital signal demodulation is performed for a receiver that receives a multicarrier signal in OFDM or MC-CDMA.
- the processing by the department was applied.
- OFDM or MC-CDMA is employed, the same effects as those of the first to fifth embodiments can be obtained.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a soft decision value generation unit that constitutes a digital signal demodulation unit included in the seventh embodiment receiver.
- This soft decision value generation unit is the reception of the first embodiment described above.
- the other parts are the same as those in the first embodiment described above, so the same reference numerals are given and the description thereof is omitted.
- the soft decision value generation unit sequentially repeats weight multiplication and vector subtraction when estimating a sequence obtained by inverting the bits of the hard decision sequence. Perform signal judgment.
- vector subtraction unit 31f generates a rebaser based on symbols corresponding to the transmission path response matrix and the hard decision sequence by the same procedure as that of vector subtraction unit 31 of the first embodiment described above. Subtract the received signal vector force from the replica. The vector subtraction result is output to the weight multiplication unit 32.
- the weight generation unit 36f is related to a symbol including a bit that is a target of the soft decision value calculation from the transmission line response matrix that is an input signal, similarly to the weight generation unit 36 of the first embodiment.
- the column vector is deleted and the channel response matrix is reconstructed.
- the weight matrix is generated by calculating the inverse matrix of the reconstructed channel response matrix or the Moore'Penrose general inverse matrix.
- the norm (size) of each row vector constituting the weight matrix is calculated, and the row vector having the smallest norm is output as a weight.
- the weight multiplication unit 32 multiplies the signal received from the vector subtraction unit 3 If by the weight received from the weight generation unit 36f, and the multiplication result is given to the signal determination unit 33f. Output.
- the processing result here is a complex scalar.
- the signal determination unit 33f performs signal determination on the processing result of the weight multiplication unit 32 based on the mapping of the transmission signal, accumulates the result, and outputs (feeds back) the result to the vector subtraction unit 31f. ).
- the vector subtraction unit 31f forms a transmission line response matrix with the signal from the signal determination unit 33f.
- the replica is generated by multiplying the column vector related to the signal from the signal determination unit 33f among the column vectors to be processed. Then, the generated replica is moved to the previous timing. Subtract from the received signal vector after the vector subtraction.
- the weight generation unit 36f performs column reduction related to the row vector output as the previous weight from the generated (reconstructed) transmission path response matrix by performing dimension reduction in the previous weight generation processing. Further deletion and reconfiguration are performed to generate a new transmission line response matrix. Then, the inverse matrix of the channel response matrix generated this time or the Moore-Penrose general inverse matrix is calculated, and a new weight matrix is generated. Then, the row vector having the smallest norm among the row vectors constituting the weight matrix generated this time is output to the weight multiplier 32 as a weight. As described above, the signal determination unit 33f performs signal determination processing and feed-knock of the determination result.
- the vector subtraction unit 3 If, the weight generation unit 36f, the weight multiplication unit 32, and the signal determination unit 33f perform the series of processes described above until the signal determination for all signal dimensions is completed in the signal determination unit 33f. Run repeatedly. Thereafter, the signal determination unit 33f determines each signal in the order of the original signal according to the order in which the signals are detected (the order in which the weight generation unit 36f performs the ordering based on the row norm of the weight matrix). And output to the likelihood generation unit 34 as an estimated value when the bit that is the target of the soft decision value calculation of the hard decision series is inverted. Thereafter, the likelihood generation unit 34 and the soft decision value calculation unit 35 perform the same processing as in the first embodiment to generate a soft decision value.
- the soft decision value generation unit of the present embodiment uses, as the weight calculation method, an inverse matrix of a channel response matrix reconstructed by reducing the dimension, or a Moore-Penrose general inverse matrix.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration in which information on noise power as described in Embodiment 2 is used together is also possible.
- the weight generation unit 36f is configured to perform the ordering based on the row norm of the weight matrix, this process is omitted and the weights are generated and output in an order independent of the row norm. It is good also as a structure.
- the likelihood information of a sequence having the opposite bit to that of the hard decision sequence is determined using repetition of weight multiplication and replica subtraction.
- the order of signal detection is determined by the row norm size of the weight matrix. This thus, the soft decision value can be calculated with higher accuracy.
- the receiving apparatus is useful as a communication apparatus that can demodulate modulated signals received via a plurality of antennas, and is particularly suitable for a communication apparatus that performs maximum likelihood determination as demodulation processing. Yes.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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EP06783271A EP1914919A4 (en) | 2005-10-05 | 2006-09-11 | RECEIVER APPARATUS |
US12/067,308 US20090041165A1 (en) | 2005-10-05 | 2006-09-11 | Receiver apparatus |
JP2007538675A JP4598079B2 (ja) | 2005-10-05 | 2006-09-11 | 受信装置 |
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JP2009267707A (ja) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 受信装置 |
JP2010502140A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-21 | ソニー ドイチュラント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 等化構造及び等化方法 |
JP2010502141A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-21 | ソニー ドイチュラント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 等化構造及び等化方法 |
JP2010502142A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-21 | ソニー ドイチュラント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 等化構造及び等化方法 |
WO2012070369A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-05-31 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 軟判定値生成回路 |
WO2021049024A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-13 | 2021-03-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 送信装置、受信装置、通信システム、制御回路、通信方法および記憶媒体 |
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JP5299130B2 (ja) * | 2009-07-03 | 2013-09-25 | 富士通セミコンダクター株式会社 | 受信データ処理回路及び受信データ処理切り替え方法 |
EP2461532A2 (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-06-06 | Hong Seok Seo | Method for processing a received signal to which channel state information is applied in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system |
WO2012167476A1 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2012-12-13 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method for transmission in a wireless communication system |
JP5796510B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-16 | 2015-10-21 | 富士通株式会社 | 電子装置、受信装置及び誤り訂正方法 |
EP3113436B1 (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2020-03-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Soft decision value generation apparatus and soft decision value generation method |
DE102014111735A1 (de) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-18 | Intel IP Corporation | Funkkommunikationseinrichtungen und Verfahren zum Steuern einer Funkkommunikationseinrichtung |
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JP2010502140A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-21 | ソニー ドイチュラント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 等化構造及び等化方法 |
JP2010502141A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-21 | ソニー ドイチュラント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 等化構造及び等化方法 |
JP2010502142A (ja) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-21 | ソニー ドイチュラント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 等化構造及び等化方法 |
JP2009267707A (ja) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 受信装置 |
WO2012070369A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-26 | 2012-05-31 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 軟判定値生成回路 |
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US8914715B2 (en) | 2010-11-26 | 2014-12-16 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Soft decision value generation circuit to reduce calculation amounts and hardware scale |
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CN101278509A (zh) | 2008-10-01 |
JPWO2007040018A1 (ja) | 2009-04-16 |
US20090041165A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
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