WO2007001093A1 - 高純度シリコンの製造方法 - Google Patents
高純度シリコンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007001093A1 WO2007001093A1 PCT/JP2006/313363 JP2006313363W WO2007001093A1 WO 2007001093 A1 WO2007001093 A1 WO 2007001093A1 JP 2006313363 W JP2006313363 W JP 2006313363W WO 2007001093 A1 WO2007001093 A1 WO 2007001093A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ppm
- less
- aluminum
- silicon
- purity
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/021—Preparation
- C01B33/027—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material
- C01B33/033—Preparation by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material by reduction of silicon halides or halosilanes with a metal or a metallic alloy as the only reducing agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing high-purity silicon.
- the raw material silicon for solar cells is mainly made of semiconductor grade silicon non-standard products.
- Semiconductor grade silicon is manufactured by refining metallurgical grade silicon.
- Metallurgical grade silicon is produced by reducing carbon and silica in an arc furnace.
- Trichlorosilane is synthesized by the reaction of this metallurgical grade silicon and HC1, and this is purified by rectification and then reduced at high temperature using hydrogen to produce semiconductor grade silicon.
- this method can produce extremely high purity silicon, the conversion rate to silicon is low, a large amount of hydrogen is required to make this equilibrium favorable for silicon, and still a lot of unreacted due to the low conversion rate.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new and inexpensive production method of high-purity silicon that is suitably used as a raw material for solar cells, and high-purity silicon obtained by the production method.
- the present invention is [1] a method for producing silicon by reducing silicon halide represented by the following formula (1) with aluminum, and the purity of the aluminum used as the reducing agent is 99.9. Provided is a method for producing high-purity silicon having a weight percent or more.
- n is an integer of 0 to 3
- X is one or more halogen atoms selected from F, Cl, Br, and I.
- the purity of aluminum is 100 weight
- the present invention provides [2] boron contained in aluminum at 5 ppm or less, and The method according to [1], wherein
- Iron contained in aluminum is 10 ppm or less, copper is 1 Oppm or less, titanium is 1 ppm or less, and vanadium is 5 ppm or less. [1] The method according to any one of [6],
- [14] A method for producing high-purity silicon, comprising purifying silicon obtained by the method according to any one of [1] to [13] by directional solidification.
- the method for producing high-purity silicon according to the present invention is a method for producing silicon by reducing silicon octarogenide represented by the above formula (1) with aluminum, and the purity of aluminum used as a reducing agent is low. 9 9.9% by weight or more.
- the purity of aluminum is from 100% by weight to the total weight of iron, copper, gallium, titanium, nickel, sodium, magnesium and zinc contained in the aluminum.
- the purity of silicon is obtained by subtracting the total weight% of iron, copper, gallium, titanium, nickel, sodium, magnesium and zinc contained in silicon from 100% by weight.
- the purity analysis is performed by glow discharge mass spectrometry.
- silicon halide examples include silicon tetrachloride, trichlorosilane, dichlorosilane, and monochlorosilane. In view of cost, silicon tetrachloride is most preferable.
- silicon halides high-purity products produced by a method well known in the industry can be used.
- As a known production method in the coexistence of silica and carbon, 1 0 0 to 1 4 0
- the purity of the silicon halide used as a raw material in the present invention is preferably 4 N or more, more preferably 6 N or more, and particularly preferably 7 N or more.
- P, B The content of is preferably 0.5 ppm or less, more preferably 0.3 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 ppm or less.
- the purity of aluminum used as a reducing agent is 99.9% by weight or more, more preferably 99.99% by weight or more, and most preferably 99.995% by weight or more.
- Each element of iron, copper, gallium, titanium, nickel, sodium, magnesium, and zinc can be purified by directional solidification, but in order to increase the yield of directional solidification, the content of each element Is preferably 150 ppm or less, more preferably 3 Oppm or less, more preferably 10 ppm or less, particularly preferably 3 ppm or less; copper is preferably 290 ppm or less, more preferably 30 ppm or less, more preferably 10 ppm or less, particularly preferably 3 ppm or less;
- Titanium is preferably 30 ppm or less, more preferably 10 ppm or less, more preferably 7 ppm or less, even more preferably 3 ppm or less, even more preferably 1 ppm or less, particularly preferably 0.3 ppm or less;
- Nickel is preferably not more than 300 ppm, more preferably not more than 30 ppm, even more preferably not more than 10 ppm, even more preferably not more than 3 ppm, particularly preferably not more than 1 ppm;
- Sodium is preferably 300 ppm or less, more preferably 30 ppm or less, more preferably 1 Oppm or less, particularly preferably 3 ppm or less;
- Magnesium is preferably 300 ppm or less, more preferably 30 ppm or less; more preferably 10 ppm or less, particularly preferably 3 ppm or less;
- Zinc is preferably at most 30 Oppm, more preferably at most 30 ppm, even more preferably at most 1 Oppm, particularly preferably at most 3 ppm.
- the concentration of P contained in the nitrogen is preferably 0.5 p pm or less, more preferably 0.3 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 0.3 lp pm or less.
- the concentration of boron contained in aluminum is preferably 5 ppm or less, more preferably 1 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 0.3 ppm or less.
- Vanadium is preferably 20 ppm or less, more preferably 5 ppm or less, still more preferably 1 ppm or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 ppm or less.
- the iron concentration in the aluminum is X Fe ppm
- the copper concentration is X cu ppm
- the titanium concentration is X Ti ppm
- vanadium is X v ppm
- the aluminum in the present invention can be obtained by purifying commercially available electrolytically reduced aluminum (ordinary aluminum 2) by a segregation solidification method, a three-layer electrolytic method, or the like.
- the shape of the aluminum used for the reaction can be foil, powder, melt or the like. From the viewpoint of reaction speed, a shape having as large a surface area as possible is preferable. '
- a method for reacting silicon halide with aluminum a method in which aluminum is previously charged in a heat-resistant reaction vessel and then silicon halide is blown at a predetermined temperature, or aluminum is introduced into the reaction vessel. And a method of reacting silicon halide with silicon halide at the same time.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 400 ° (: ⁇ 1200 ° C, more preferably 500 ° C
- ⁇ 1200 ° (:, more preferably 500 ° C to 1000 ° C, even more preferably 660
- the material of the reaction vessel is preferably a material that has heat resistance at the reaction temperature and does not contaminate silicon, and examples thereof include carbon, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, alumina, and quartz.
- silicon octagenide may be supplied after being diluted with an inert gas in order to control the reactivity.
- the inert gas include argon and nitrogen.
- a by-product is, for example, aluminum chloride. Since aluminum chloride is a gas at 200 ° C or higher, the reaction system is maintained at 200 ° C or higher, and a mixture of unreacted silicon halide, diluent gas, aluminum chloride gas and silicon is used. It is preferable to perform solid-gas separation
- the aluminum chloride is turned into a solid and unreacted halogenated. It is preferable to separate it from silicon + diluent gas.
- Unreacted silicon halide can be separated from the dilution gas if necessary and used again for reaction with aluminum. Separation from the dilution gas can be performed by gas-liquid separation after cooling to make the halogenated silicon liquid.
- the obtained aluminum chloride is extremely high in purity, it can be used as a catalyst as anhydrous aluminum chloride as it is, or it can be reacted with water to form polyaluminum chloride. It can be converted into hydroxide by aluminum, or it can be reacted with water vapor or oxygen at high temperature to make alumina.
- the reaction proceeds at a stoichiometric ratio in terms of equilibrium, but the kinetic point of view and later separation Considering the process, the amount of silicon halide is more than aluminum. Is preferred.
- the reaction atmosphere is preferably a silicon halide gas, or a mixed gas of a halogenated silicon gas and an inert gas, and it is preferable that water, oxygen, and the like do not exist for the progress of the reaction.
- the reaction time depends on the type of reaction, it is preferably 1 second or longer and 48 hours or shorter, more preferably 5 seconds or longer and 48 hours or shorter, more preferably 10 seconds or longer and 48 hours or shorter. It is not longer than time, more preferably not less than 10 seconds and not more than 60 minutes, particularly preferably not less than 10 seconds and not more than 10 minutes. Since the reaction proceeds more rapidly as the aluminum becomes finer, the preferred reaction time depends on the shape of the aluminum. If the reaction time is too short, unreacted aluminum remains and becomes an impurity in the silicon, which is not preferable. If the reaction time is too long, there is no disadvantage in yield, but wasteful time is wasted, leading to an increase in cost.
- the silicon obtained by the method of the present invention some aluminum may remain depending on the reaction conditions, so if necessary, after dusting the silicon, it is pickled to remove the aluminum. It is preferable.
- the acid to be used those having few metal impurities are preferable, and hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and the like can be suitably used as types.
- the purity analysis in the following measurement utilized the glow discharge mass spectrometry (VG-9000, the product made from VG).
- the diffusion length was measured by the surface photovoltage (SPV) surface photovoltage method (SDI, CMS4010). If the diffusion length is 50 or more, it can be used as a solar cell.
- SPV surface photovoltage
- SDI surface photovoltage
- Three-layer electrolytic high-purity aluminum plate (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1 mm thick, see Table 1 for component analysis values) 5 g was placed in an alumina crucible and placed in a quartz core tube of an electric furnace.
- the obtained silicon was taken out, pulverized, washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and then with pure water, dried and analyzed for purity.
- the obtained silicon was taken out, ground, washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and then with pure water, dried and analyzed for purity.
- Example 4 To obtain a silicon by reducing S i C 1 4 and aluminum added 15 O p pm of Fe to that used in Example 1.
- the main impurity in the obtained silicon is Fe 14 Oppm. It was.
- This silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mm / min to obtain an ingot having a 180 mm mouth and a height of 120 mm. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion with a diffusion length of 50 m or more was 70%.
- Example 5 To give a silicon by reducing S i C 1 4 and 300 p pm added aluminum and Cu used in Example 1. The main impurity in the obtained silicon was Cu 28 Oppm. This silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mm / min to obtain an ingot with a 180 mm mouth and a height of 120 mm. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion where the scattering length was 50 m or more was 75%.
- Example 5 To give a silicon by reducing S i C 1 4 and 300 p pm added aluminum and Cu used in Example 1. The main impurity in the obtained silicon was Cu 28 Oppm. This silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mm / min to obtain an ingot with a 180 mm mouth and a height of 120 mm. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion where the scattering length was 50 m or more was 75%.
- Example 5 Example 5
- Example 6 To obtain a silicon by reducing S i C 1 4 with aluminum 7 p pm added T i to that used in Example 1.
- the main impurities in the obtained silicon were T i 7 p pm and F e 0.5 p pm.
- the silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mmZ to obtain an ingot having a 180 mm mouth and a height of 120 mm. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion with a diffusion length of 50 or more was 65%.
- Silicon was obtained by adding 20 ppm to the aluminum used in Example 1 and reducing S i C.
- the main impurity in the obtained silicon was V 1. l ppm. This silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mm and a 180 mm ingot with a height of 120 mm was obtained. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion with a diffusion length of 50 m or more was 70%.
- Example 7
- Silicon was obtained by adding 1 Oppm of Fe to the aluminum used in Example 1 to reduce SicCl 4 .
- the main impurity in the obtained silicon was F e 9 p pm.
- the silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mm / min to obtain an ingot having an 18 Omm opening and a height of 12 Omm. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion where the diffusion length was 50 m or more was 85%.
- Example 9 To obtain a silicon by reducing S i C 1 4 and 3 p pm added F e aluminum used in Example 1.
- the main impurity in the obtained silicon was Fe 3 p pm.
- This silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mmZ to obtain an ingot with an 18 Omm mouth and a height of 12 Omm. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion with a diffusion length of 50 m or more was 90%.
- Example 10 To obtain a silicon by reducing S i C 1 4 to T i aluminum used in Example 1 was added 0. 3 p pm. The main impurity in the obtained silicon was T i 0.3 ppm. The silicon was directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mm / min to obtain an ingot having an 18 Omm opening and a height of 12 Omm. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion with a diffusion length of 50 m or more was 85%.
- V aluminum used in Example 1 was added 1 ppm.
- the main impurity in the obtained silicon was V0.1 ppm.
- This silicon is directionally solidified at a speed of 0.4 mmZ, with a 180 mm mouth and a 120 mm height. Got an ingot. When the diffusion length of this ingot was measured, the portion with a diffusion length of 50 m or more was 80%.
- high-purity silicon that can be suitably used as a raw material for solar cells (for example, the purity is 5 N or more, preferably 6 N or more, boron is 1 ppm or less, and phosphorus is 0 3 ppm or less).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/921,940 US20090130015A1 (en) | 2005-06-29 | 2006-06-28 | Method for producing high purity silicon |
BRPI0614048-3A BRPI0614048A2 (pt) | 2005-06-29 | 2006-06-28 | método para produção de silìcio de pureza elevada |
DE112006001649T DE112006001649T5 (de) | 2005-06-29 | 2006-06-28 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Silicium hoher Reinheit |
NO20080519A NO20080519L (no) | 2005-06-29 | 2008-01-28 | Fremgangsmate for produksjon av hoyrenset silikon |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-189454 | 2005-06-29 | ||
JP2005189454 | 2005-06-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007001093A1 true WO2007001093A1 (ja) | 2007-01-04 |
Family
ID=37595318
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2006/313363 WO2007001093A1 (ja) | 2005-06-29 | 2006-06-28 | 高純度シリコンの製造方法 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090130015A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101208267A (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0614048A2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006001649T5 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO20080519L (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200704587A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2007001093A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010080777A1 (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-15 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Impurity reducing process for silicon and purified silicon material |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102227374B (zh) * | 2008-12-01 | 2013-08-21 | 住友化学株式会社 | n型太阳能电池用硅及添加有磷的硅的制造方法 |
US8216539B2 (en) | 2010-04-14 | 2012-07-10 | Calisolar, Inc. | Cascading purification |
CN101979318A (zh) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-02-23 | 安阳市凤凰光伏科技有限公司 | 多晶碳头料的处理方法 |
US9156705B2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2015-10-13 | Sunedison, Inc. | Production of polycrystalline silicon by the thermal decomposition of dichlorosilane in a fluidized bed reactor |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59182221A (ja) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-17 | バイエル・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | ケイ素の製法 |
JPH0264006A (ja) * | 1988-07-15 | 1990-03-05 | Bayer Ag | 太陽のシリコンの製造方法 |
JPH11199216A (ja) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-27 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | シリコンの一方向凝固装置 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3653976A (en) * | 1967-05-05 | 1972-04-04 | Gen Motors Corp | Thermocouple probe assembly with nickel aluminide tip |
US4222830A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-09-16 | Aluminum Company Of America | Production of extreme purity aluminum |
US4221590A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-09-09 | Aluminum Company Of America | Fractional crystallization process |
US4612179A (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1986-09-16 | Sri International | Process for purification of solid silicon |
US4919912A (en) * | 1985-10-18 | 1990-04-24 | Ford, Bacon & Davis Incorporated | Process for the treatment of sulfur containing gases |
-
2006
- 2006-06-27 TW TW095123105A patent/TW200704587A/zh unknown
- 2006-06-28 BR BRPI0614048-3A patent/BRPI0614048A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-06-28 DE DE112006001649T patent/DE112006001649T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-06-28 WO PCT/JP2006/313363 patent/WO2007001093A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-06-28 CN CNA2006800231387A patent/CN101208267A/zh active Pending
- 2006-06-28 US US11/921,940 patent/US20090130015A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-01-28 NO NO20080519A patent/NO20080519L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59182221A (ja) * | 1983-03-24 | 1984-10-17 | バイエル・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | ケイ素の製法 |
JPH0264006A (ja) * | 1988-07-15 | 1990-03-05 | Bayer Ag | 太陽のシリコンの製造方法 |
JPH11199216A (ja) * | 1998-01-12 | 1999-07-27 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | シリコンの一方向凝固装置 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010080777A1 (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-15 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Impurity reducing process for silicon and purified silicon material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200704587A (en) | 2007-02-01 |
US20090130015A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
NO20080519L (no) | 2008-01-28 |
BRPI0614048A2 (pt) | 2011-03-09 |
CN101208267A (zh) | 2008-06-25 |
DE112006001649T5 (de) | 2008-05-08 |
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