WO2006128527A2 - Vorrichtung zur durchführung eines verfahrens zur herstellung eines oder mehrerer gase - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur durchführung eines verfahrens zur herstellung eines oder mehrerer gase Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006128527A2 WO2006128527A2 PCT/EP2006/003831 EP2006003831W WO2006128527A2 WO 2006128527 A2 WO2006128527 A2 WO 2006128527A2 EP 2006003831 W EP2006003831 W EP 2006003831W WO 2006128527 A2 WO2006128527 A2 WO 2006128527A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ion exchanger
- gas
- electrodes
- electrode
- container
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out a method for producing one or more gases, in which a liquid is treated electrolytically, wherein in the liquid an ion exchanger is present, to which the gas to be produced adheres.
- the device comprises a container having a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
- the gas to be produced adheres to the ion exchanger in ionic bonding. It is advantageous if the ion exchanger present in the liquid hydrogen, preferably in ionic bonding, adheres.
- the gas to be produced is hydrogen.
- the gases to be produced can be hydrogen and oxygen. It is possible to produce hydrogen and oxygen separately. However, it is also possible to produce hydrogen and oxygen in a mixture (oxyhydrogen). Particularly advantageous is the native production of oxyhydrogen gas.
- the oxyhydrogen gas can be produced in the correct (stoichiometric) mixing ratio. It can be used in this form, especially for power generation.
- the liquid containing the gas or a gas to be produced is preferably water.
- the ion exchanger is preferably an ion exchange resin.
- the ion exchanger is an acidic, especially a strongly acidic ion exchanger.
- the ion exchanger can be gelatinous.
- the ion exchanger has or consists of a matrix, anchor groups and ions to be exchanged.
- the matrix may in particular be a crosslinked plastic, in particular crosslinked polystyrene.
- the anchor groups are preferably sulfonic acid groups (SO 3 ).
- the ions to be exchanged are preferably hydrogen ions (H).
- the ion exchanger may have the general chemical formula R - SO 3 - H.
- the ion exchanger in particular the ion exchanger base material, contains catalytically active substances.
- the catalytically active substances may in particular be conductive materials, in particular electrically conductive films.
- the catalytically active substances can be added to the substance or the ion exchanger or the ion exchanger base material.
- the ion exchanger or the ion exchanger base material contains catalytically active and / or gas-yielding enzymes.
- enzymes are preferably used organic acids, especially tartaric acid.
- the enzymes may be added to the substance or the ion exchanger or the ion exchange resin or the ion exchange base material.
- the device according to the German patent application 103 59 509.0 which is also suitable for the present invention comprises a container with a liquid containing the gas to be produced and an ion exchanger, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which can be connected to a power source or are connected.
- an electrode is tubular.
- a filling material may be present in the liquid containing the gas to be produced and an ion exchanger, in particular within the tubular electrode.
- a filling material may be present. be his. This material is preferably cotton wool.
- An acid is preferably present in the filler. This material is preferably wetted with an acid. The acid is preferably hydrochloric acid.
- the object of the invention is to propose a device of the type specified, which makes it possible to improve the efficiency in carrying out the above-mentioned method, in particular according to German Patent Application 103 59 509.0.
- the positive electrode and / or the negative electrode has a structure with an increased surface area. As a result, the efficiency can be increased.
- the increased surface area can be created by altering the surface structures of the positive and / or negative electrodes or other current-carrying elements, for example, by roughening, tip arrangements, applying corners and edges, attaching channels or other channel arrangements, concave or convex surfaces, framing, interlacing - or round and / or square surfaces.
- An advantageous development is characterized in that a plurality of positive electrodes and / or a plurality of negative electrodes are present, which are connected in series. In certain applications, it may be advantageous to switch a plurality of positive electrodes and / or a plurality of negative electrodes instead or additionally in parallel.
- the anode has a tip.
- the cathode has a depression. This is particularly advantageous if the anode has a tip. In this case, a pinch of the anode can be approximated to a well of the cathode without any contact taking place.
- the reverse arrangement may be advantageous in which the cathode has a tip and / or the anode has a recess which may be approximated to each other.
- the binding of the gas or gases to be produced to the ion exchanger is reduced. There is thus a binding influence of the liquid, in particular water, added, the gas to be produced containing ion exchanger. It is advantageous if, in the ion exchanger, a bond of the gas to be produced or the gases to be produced, especially of hydrogen (H) or of hydrogen and oxygen (OH), which is predominantly present in ionic bonding, is loosened to a matrix of the ion exchanger. The ionic bond can be loosened to approach or reach van der Waals bonding.
- This binding influence can be effected by comminution, atomization or similar measures, whereby these measures can be carried out into the microstructural range.
- this binding influence takes place by liquefaction or gasification of the ion exchangers to be introduced or already introduced.
- the binding of H + or OH " ions to a matrix of the ion exchanger can approach zero
- This type of binding influence is particularly effective when it takes place during an ongoing production process of oxyhydrogen or hydrogen from water.
- the binding influence can be effected by an appropriate choice of the anode and / or cathode or other current-conducting elements, by a corresponding configuration of the surface or surface structure of the anode and / or cathode or the current-conducting elements, by a corresponding dimensioning of the distance between the anode and cathode or .
- Current-conducting elements by a corresponding temperature control and / or by a variation of the amount of current supplied and by the nature of the circuit arrangements (series connection, parallel connection).
- a further advantageous development is characterized in that the container has a plurality of chambers in which cation exchangers and / or anion exchangers are present.
- a plurality of chambers may be present.
- the sequence of cation exchangers and / or anion exchangers present in the chambers can be repeated.
- FIG. 2 shows a device with several devices connected in series according to FIG. 1
- FIG. Fig. 3 shows different surface designs of devices according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and
- Fig. 4 shows a device with a plurality of chambers in which cation exchangers and / or anion exchangers are present.
- the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 comprises a container 1, which is designed rotationally symmetrical about the center axis 2 and which consists of a tubular housing 3, which is closed by an upper lid 4 and a lower lid 5.
- the entire device is preferably designed longer than shown.
- annular outer electrode 6 On the inner wall of the housing 3, an annular outer electrode 6 is provided. Inside the housing 3 is a tubular inner electrode 7. The container 1 is filled to the water level 8 with water 9.
- an ion exchanger 10 is present, which is present in gel form up to the height 11.
- the outer electrode 6 is connected via a switch 12 to the positive pole of a current source 13, for example a 12V car battery.
- the negative pole of the current source 13 is connected to the inner electrode 7.
- the polarity can also be reversed.
- the water level 8 is above the height 1 1 of the gel ion exchanger 10 and above the open-topped tube of the inner electrode 7.
- the electrode 7 may also be formed closed. Another possibility is that the electrode 7 projects beyond the water level 8.
- the height 11 of the gel ion exchanger 10 is just below the upper end of the outer electrode 6.
- the device may also be configured such that this height 11 is above the upper end of the electrode 6.
- the inner electrode 7 may be closed at the bottom or open. It can also be at its lower end be sealingly connected to the lower lid 5.
- the ion exchanger 10 is a strongly acid, gel-type ion exchanger with sulfonic acid groups as anchor groups.
- the ion exchanger has the general chemical formula R - SO 3 - H, where R denotes a matrix, in particular a crosslinked polystyrene matrix, SO 3 denotes a sulphonic acid anchor group and H denotes hydrogen.
- the ion exchanger 10 is kept in motion. This is preferably done so that the ion exchanger 10 does not decrease.
- the ion exchanger can be kept in motion by a fluidized bed process. When the ion exchanger is kept in motion, gas formation and electron flow are improved.
- the ion exchanger is held in suspension in the liquid.
- This is preferably carried out in that the ion exchanger or the ion exchanger base material are prepared in such a way that they remain in suspension in the liquid, ie in the water 9.
- the process can be carried out continuously.
- the ion exchanger 10 can be continuously supplied and discharged (not shown in the drawing). The discharged ion exchanger can be regenerated and fed again.
- the method can also be carried out in several stages.
- the forming gas can be sucked out of the space 14. For this purpose, it is possible to generate a vacuum in this space 14. In this way, it can also be achieved that the upward-stripping gas entrains the ion exchanger 10 and in this way effects thorough mixing and distribution of the ion exchanger 10.
- the pressure and temperature can be adjusted so that the process works with optimum efficiency.
- the electrodes 6, 7 are roughened, so have a structure with an enlarged surface.
- FIG. 2 an embodiment is shown in which four containers I, II, III, IV are connected in series, so that the electrodes have an enlarged surface.
- the containers I - IV are designed substantially like that of FIG. 1.
- the positive pole of the current source 13 is connected to the outer electrodes, the negative pole is connected to the inner electrodes.
- the series connection increases the contacts between the current-carrying elements and the introduced ion exchange material.
- In the annular spaces between the inner electrodes and the outer electrodes are water and lonen (2004)material, wherein the ion exchanger to be attached to the gas to be produced.
- At the upper ends of the container there is a water inlet and a gas outlet respectively.
- the current flow is when using only one container 10 amps at 12 volts, ie 120 W, whereby a strong heat generation is generated.
- the series connection of the container I and Il results in a power of 80 W, whereby the heat generation is reduced.
- the power is 40 W, which only has a slight heat development.
- the power is only 20 W 1 so that no more heat is detected.
- FIG. 3 various embodiments of containers are shown in which various structures with increased surface area are present.
- the inner electrode is connected to plate electrodes which are parallel to each other and spaced apart and which extend in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- the outer electrodes are provided in the intermediate spaces with corresponding annular plates.
- the plates have a triangular cross section with the apex of the triangle of the plates connected to the inner electrode facing outward and the tips of the triangle facing inwardly of the annular plates connected to the outer electrode.
- Embodiment C corresponds in part to Embodiment A, but the plates connected to the inner electrode and the plates connected to the outer electrode are each at the same level.
- the embodiment D is a modification of the embodiment B, wherein the plates have rounded cross sections.
- the embodiment E shows a parallel connection, in which both hydrogen-containing substances and OH-containing substances can be used in water (ie both cation exchanger and anion exchanger).
- Fig. 4 shows a container 15, which is divided into a plurality of chambers 16, 17, 18 ....
- the container 15 has an inlet port 21 for the water filling and a gas discharge line 22, which may be connected to a vacuum pump.
- a sieve assembly 23 located in the upper region of the container 15, a sieve assembly 23.
- the gas-permeable sieve assembly 23 prevents discharge of substances when they have solid character.
- the polarity of the electrodes can be changed by Umpolungsvorraumen.
- the first chamber 16 is water and a cation exchanger.
- the second chamber 17 is water and a cation exchanger and an anion exchanger.
- the third chamber 18 is water and an anion exchanger.
- the fourth chamber 19 is water and an anion exchanger and a cation exchanger. But the chamber 20 is repeated this arrangement. Accordingly, located in the chamber 20 as in the chamber 16 water and a cation exchanger. The right adjoining the chamber 20 chamber is filled as the chamber 17, and so on. In the container 15 is a plurality of these groups of four.
- each of the first chamber of a group of four so the chamber 16, the chamber 20, etc. connected to the negative terminal of a power source.
- the respective second and third chambers are connected to the positive pole, and the respective fourth chamber (19, etc.) are connected to the negative pole.
- the invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the electrolysis for the production of oxyhydrogen gas or hydrogen without expensive internals, without a complex membrane technology and without the use of alkalis.
- the spaces between cathodes and anodes can be arranged differently depending on the surface design and depending on the arrangement. They can be in the millimeter range to centimeter range.
- the added substances, in particular the ion exchangers can also have all conceivable forms and designs. As a result, the distances between the electrodes can be influenced. It is advantageous to gel, to liquefy or to gasify the ion exchanger, which can take place before the addition of the ion exchanger and / or during the ongoing electrolysis.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06753418A EP1891252A2 (de) | 2005-05-30 | 2006-04-25 | Vorrichtung zur durchführung eines verfahrens zur herstellung eines oder mehrerer gase |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005024619.2A DE102005024619B4 (de) | 2005-05-30 | 2005-05-30 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasserstoff |
DE102005024619.2 | 2005-05-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006128527A2 true WO2006128527A2 (de) | 2006-12-07 |
WO2006128527A3 WO2006128527A3 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
Family
ID=37397489
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/003831 WO2006128527A2 (de) | 2005-05-30 | 2006-04-25 | Vorrichtung zur durchführung eines verfahrens zur herstellung eines oder mehrerer gase |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1891252A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005024619B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006128527A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012006086B4 (de) * | 2012-03-08 | 2016-08-04 | Franz Roiner | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gasgemisches |
ITPR20130004A1 (it) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-18 | Angelo Badini | Generatore di ossidrogeno |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990015659A1 (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1990-12-27 | Olin Corporation | Process for removing ionizable impurities from non-aqueous fluids |
EP0650929A1 (de) * | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-03 | Halox Technologies Corporation | Elektrolytisches Verfahren und Vorrichting zur kontrollierten Oxydation oder Reduktion von Stoffen in wässriger Lösung |
EP0775762A1 (de) * | 1995-11-27 | 1997-05-28 | Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur elektrolytischen Herstellung von Sauerstoff-Wasserstoffgas |
US20030042134A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-03-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | High efficiency electrolysis cell for generating oxidants in solutions |
WO2005052214A2 (de) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-09 | Roiner, Maria | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines oder mehrerer gase |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL156233B (nl) * | 1949-10-24 | Societe Anonyme, Societe Industrielle Pour La Diffusion D'equipement Et De Materiel "Sidemat", Parijs. | Aansluitinrichting voor apparatuur op een brandstofhouder. | |
AT171403B (de) * | 1949-12-23 | 1952-05-26 | Lonza Ag | Elektrolytischer, für Überdruckbetrieb bestimmter Wasserzersetzer |
-
2005
- 2005-05-30 DE DE102005024619.2A patent/DE102005024619B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-04-25 EP EP06753418A patent/EP1891252A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-04-25 WO PCT/EP2006/003831 patent/WO2006128527A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1990015659A1 (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1990-12-27 | Olin Corporation | Process for removing ionizable impurities from non-aqueous fluids |
EP0650929A1 (de) * | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-03 | Halox Technologies Corporation | Elektrolytisches Verfahren und Vorrichting zur kontrollierten Oxydation oder Reduktion von Stoffen in wässriger Lösung |
EP0775762A1 (de) * | 1995-11-27 | 1997-05-28 | Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur elektrolytischen Herstellung von Sauerstoff-Wasserstoffgas |
US20030042134A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-03-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | High efficiency electrolysis cell for generating oxidants in solutions |
WO2005052214A2 (de) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-09 | Roiner, Maria | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines oder mehrerer gase |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005024619B4 (de) | 2016-10-27 |
EP1891252A2 (de) | 2008-02-27 |
DE102005024619A1 (de) | 2006-12-07 |
WO2006128527A3 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
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