WO2006092849A1 - 磁気抵抗効果素子及び磁気メモリ装置 - Google Patents
磁気抵抗効果素子及び磁気メモリ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006092849A1 WO2006092849A1 PCT/JP2005/003400 JP2005003400W WO2006092849A1 WO 2006092849 A1 WO2006092849 A1 WO 2006092849A1 JP 2005003400 W JP2005003400 W JP 2005003400W WO 2006092849 A1 WO2006092849 A1 WO 2006092849A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/10—Magnetoresistive devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/14—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using thin-film elements
- G11C11/15—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using thin-film elements using multiple magnetic layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
- H10B61/00—Magnetic memory devices, e.g. magnetoresistive RAM [MRAM] devices
- H10B61/20—Magnetic memory devices, e.g. magnetoresistive RAM [MRAM] devices comprising components having three or more electrodes, e.g. transistors
- H10B61/22—Magnetic memory devices, e.g. magnetoresistive RAM [MRAM] devices comprising components having three or more electrodes, e.g. transistors of the field-effect transistor [FET] type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N50/00—Galvanomagnetic devices
- H10N50/01—Manufacture or treatment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnetoresistive effect element and a magnetic memory device, and more particularly to a magnetoresistive effect element whose resistance value changes based on the magnetization direction of a magnetic layer and a magnetic memory device using the same.
- MRAM Magnetic Random Access Memory
- MRAM stores information by using a combination of magnetization directions in two magnetic layers, and changes in resistance (i.e., current or current) when the magnetic layer directions between these magnetic layers are parallel and antiparallel. The stored information is read by detecting the voltage change).
- a magnetic tunnel junction (hereinafter referred to as MT J: Magnetic Tunnel Junction) element is known as one of magnetoresistive elements that constitute an MRAM.
- An MTJ element is a stack of two ferromagnetic magnetic layers with a tunnel insulating film interposed between them. Based on the relationship between the magnetic directions of the two ferromagnetic layers, the magnetic layer is interposed between the tunnel insulating films. This utilizes the phenomenon that the flowing tunnel current changes. That is, the MTJ element has a low element resistance when the magnetic directions of the two ferromagnetic layers are parallel, and has a high element resistance when the two ferromagnetic layers are antiparallel. By associating these two states with data “0” and data “1”, it can be used as a memory element.
- MRAM memory
- One of the challenges in MRAM is to reduce power consumption during writing.
- One way to achieve this is to reduce the current during the rewrite operation.
- Another issue with MRAM is the rewriting of many MTJ elements over megabits without error. Therefore, a large margin is required for the rewrite operation.
- toggle operation As one method for securing a wide margin in the rewriting operation, a rewriting operation by rotation of a synthetic magnetic field applied to the MTJ element, a so-called toggle operation is known (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1). .
- the toggle operation increases the rewrite operation margin, but has the disadvantages of 1) high power consumption and 2) a long rewrite operation time because a read operation is required to check the memory state before the rewrite operation. .
- FIGS. 16 (a) to 16 (c) are diagrams showing the planar shape of the MTJ element 100, which has been proposed based on a strong viewpoint (see Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 2, etc.).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-151260
- Patent Document 2 JP 2004-128067 A
- Non-Patent Document 1 M. Durlam et al, "A 0.18 ⁇ m 4Mb toggling MRAM", IEDM 2003
- Patent Document 2 YK Ha et al "" MRAM with novel shaped cell using synthetic anti-ferromagnetic free layer, 2004 Symposium on VLSI Technology, Digest of Technical Papers, pp.24— 25
- An object of the present invention is to reduce the rewrite current and widen the rewrite operation margin. Another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetoresistive effect element having a shape that can be easily processed by applying a silicon process, and a high-performance and highly productive magnetic memory device using the magnetoresistive effect element.
- the first magnetic layer having a fixed magnetic field direction and a second magnetic layer whose magnetic field direction changes in response to an external magnetic field
- a magnetoresistive element in which a resistance state changes according to a magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer with respect to a magnetic field direction of the first magnetic layer, wherein the second magnetic layer has a magnetic field It has a first recess recessed inward on one side parallel to the difficult axis direction, and a second recess recessed inward on the other side parallel to the magnetic axis difficult axis direction.
- a magnetoresistive effect element is provided.
- a first wiring, a second wiring that intersects the first wiring, and an intersection region of the first wiring and the second wiring there is provided a magnetic memory device comprising the magnetoresistive element described above.
- the first magnetic layer having a fixed magnetic field direction and the second magnetic layer whose magnetic field direction changes in response to an external magnetic field
- the first magnetic layer In the magnetoresistive effect element in which the resistance state changes according to the magnetization direction of the second magnetic layer with respect to the magnetic layer direction of the layer, the second magnetic layer has a width in the direction of the easy axis of the magnetic layer that is larger than that of the end portion. Since it has a narrow planar shape at the center, an increase in the applied magnetic field in the direction of the hard magnetic axis results in the formation of two regions adjacent to the direction of the hard axis, such that the magnetization directions of the magnetic domains are aligned in a C shape.
- the shape of the second magnetic layer can be realized within a range applicable to the silicon process. As a result, it is possible to realize a high-performance magnetoresistive element that requires a new processing technology.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a structure of a magnetic memory device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a magnetic memory device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view showing the structure of the magnetic memory device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of a magnetoresistive effect element according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a magnetic state of a magnetoresistive effect element according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the asteroid curve of the magnetoresistive effect element and the write operation margin estimated from the asteroid curve.
- FIG. 7 A graph showing the asteroid curve of the magnetoresistive element obtained by simulation.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing asteroid curve and write operation margin of a conventional magnetoresistive effect element obtained by simulation.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a steroid curve and a write operation margin of a magnetoresistive effect element according to an embodiment of the present invention obtained by simulation.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing asteroid curves in a C-type magnetic state and an S-type magnetic state.
- FIG. 11 is a process cross-sectional view (part 1) illustrating the method for manufacturing the magnetic memory device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a process cross-sectional view (part 2) illustrating the method for manufacturing the magnetic memory device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a process cross-sectional view illustrating a method for manufacturing a magnetic memory device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3).
- FIG. 14 is a process cross-sectional view (part 4) illustrating the method for manufacturing the magnetic memory device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view showing the shape of an MTJ element according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the shape of a conventional magnetoresistive element.
- FIGS. 1-10 A magnetoresistive effect element and a magnetic memory device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the structure of the magnetic memory device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of the magnetic memory device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 3 is the structure of the magnetic memory device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of the magnetoresistive effect element according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a magnetization state in the magnetoresistive effect element according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 6 is a magnetoresistive effect.
- Fig. 7 is a graph showing the asteroid curve of the magnetoresistive element obtained by simulation
- Fig. 8 is obtained by simulation.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the asteroid curve and write operation margin of a conventional magnetoresistive element, and FIG. 9 is an embodiment of the present invention obtained by simulation.
- Fig. 10 is a graph showing the steroid curve and write operation margin of the magnetoresistive effect element
- Fig. 10 is a graph showing the steroid curve in the C-type magnetic state and the S-type magnetic state
- Figs. It is process sectional drawing which shows the manufacturing method of the magnetic memory device by embodiment.
- an element isolation film 12 that defines a plurality of active regions is formed! Multiple active areas are each long in the Y direction! They have a rectangular shape and are arranged in a staggered pattern.
- a plurality of lead lines WL extending in the X direction are formed on the silicon substrate 10 on which the element isolation film 12 is formed.
- Two word lines WL are extended in each active region.
- Source / drain regions 16 and 18 are formed in the active regions on both sides of the word line WL, respectively.
- two selection transistors each having the gate electrode 14 constituted by the word line WL and the source Z drain regions 16 and 18 are formed in each active region.
- Two selection transistors formed in one active region are The source Z drain region 16 is shared.
- An interlayer insulating film 20 is formed on the silicon substrate 10 on which the selection transistor is formed. Contact plugs 24 connected to the source / drain regions 16 are embedded in the interlayer insulating film 20. A ground line 26 electrically connected to the source / drain region 16 via the contact plug 24 is formed on the interlayer insulating film 20.
- An interlayer insulating film 28 is formed on the interlayer insulating film 20 on which the ground line 26 is formed.
- a write word line 38 is embedded in the interlayer insulating film 28.
- the write node line 38 is formed on the gate electrode 14.
- the write word line 38 includes a Ta film 32 as a barrier metal formed along the inner wall of the wiring groove 30, and a high-permeability NiFe film provided to increase the magnetic field. 34 and a Cu film 36 which is a main wiring portion.
- An interlayer insulating film 40 is formed on the interlayer insulating film 28 in which the write word line 38 is embedded.
- Contact plugs 44 connected to the source Z / drain regions 18 are embedded in the interlayer insulating films 40, 28, and 20.
- a lower electrode layer 46 electrically connected to the source Z drain region 18 via the contact plug 44 is formed on the interlayer insulating film 40 in which the contact plug 44 is embedded.
- An MTJ element 62 is formed on the lower electrode layer 46.
- the MTJ element 62 includes an antiferromagnetic layer 48 made of a PtMn film, a CoFe film 50a that is a ferromagnetic material, a Ru film 50b that is a nonmagnetic material, and CoFe that is a ferromagnetic material.
- a fixed magnetic layer 50 made of a laminated film of film 50c, a tunnel insulating film 52 made of an alumina film, a free magnetic layer 54 made of a NiFe film as a ferromagnetic material, and a cap layer 56 made of a Ta film. It is composed of a laminate.
- An interlayer insulating film 64 is formed on the interlayer insulating film 40 other than the region where the MTJ element 62 is formed.
- a plurality of bit lines 66 (BL) electrically connected to the MTJ element 62 in the cap layer 56 are formed on the interlayer insulating film 40 in which the MTJ element 62 is embedded.
- the bit line 66 extends in the Y direction, and is connected to the cap layer 60 of the MTJ element 62 arranged in the Y direction.
- a 1T-1MTJ type memory cell composed of one selection transistor and one MTJ element.
- a magnetic memory device having a memory is configured.
- the magnetic memory device according to the present embodiment is mainly characterized by the planar shape of the MTJ element 62. That is, in the MTJ element 62 of the magnetic memory device according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the recesses 68 are respectively formed on a pair of sides parallel to the magnetically difficult axis direction. The width is narrower than the width of the end portion. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4B, the MTJ element 62 is provided in a region where the write word line 38 and the bit line 66 intersect, and the easy axis direction of the write word line 38 extends. The magnetic axis is arranged so that the hard axis direction is parallel to the extending direction of the bit line 66.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a result of the magnetic field in the magnetoresistive effect element according to the present embodiment obtained by LLG simulation.
- Fig. 5 (a) shows the case where the magnetic field is reversed with the applied magnetic field in the magnetic easy axis direction, where OOe is the applied magnetic field in the magnetic difficult axis direction
- Fig. 5 (b) is the magnetic field. This is the case where the magnetic field reversal is performed with the applied magnetic field in the easy axis direction, with lOOOe as the applied magnetic field in the hard axis direction.
- the small arrow represents the direction of the magnetic field in the magnetic domain at that location, and the large arrow roughly represents how the magnetic field direction of each magnetic domain is aligned as V as a whole. Is.
- a recess 68 is formed as shown in FIG. 5 (a).
- the direction of the magnetization of each magnetization is in the direction of the easy axis.
- the region above and below the recess 68 is vertically symmetrical with respect to the central portion where the recess 68 is formed.
- the magnetic domain directions of the magnetic domains are arranged so that the magnetic field is directed toward the hard axis direction while drawing an arc with the central portion of the MTJ element 62 as a vertex.
- the magnetic field direction of each magnetic domain in the MTJ element plane is vertically symmetric with respect to the central portion where the recess 68 is formed, and the magnetic field direction of each magnetic domain in each region is They are lined up to draw a C shape as a whole.
- the magnetization state in which the magnetic domain directions of the magnetic domains are arranged in this way is referred to as C-type.
- the magnetization direction of each magnetic domain is approximately magnetic.
- the direction of the combined magnetic field of the magnetic field applied in the easy axis direction and the magnetic field applied in the difficult axis direction (upper right direction in the drawing) It is.
- the presence of the recesses 68 causes a slight undulation of the magnetic domains, and they are arranged so as to draw one S-shape as a whole in the plane of the MTJ element.
- the magnetic domain state in which the magnetization directions of the magnetic domains are arranged in this way is referred to as an S shape.
- the magnetoresistive effect element according to the present embodiment is based on the shape shown in FIG.
- the magnetization state in this case forms two C-shapes that are vertically symmetric with respect to the recess 68, and the magnetization state when a magnetic field is applied in the easy axis direction and the hard axis direction is one S type as a whole. Is characterized by
- FIG. 6 (a) shows the asteroid curves of the selected cell and the half-selected cell.
- the selected cell is a memory cell in which a predetermined write magnetic field is applied in both the easy axis direction and the hard axis direction.
- the half-selected cell is a memory cell adjacent to the selected cell, in which the same write magnetic field as the selected cell is applied to only one of the magnetic axis direction and the magnetic axis direction. It is.
- the half-selected cell to which only the write magnetic field in the easy magnetization direction is applied is applied with the leakage magnetic field of the write magnetic field in the hard magnetic axis direction applied to the selected cell, and only the magnetic field in the hard magnetization axis direction is applied.
- a leakage magnetic field of a write magnetic field in the easy axis direction applied to the selected cell is applied to the half-selected cell.
- the steroid curve indicates the relationship between the applied magnetic field in the easy axis direction and the applied magnetic field in the hard axis direction necessary to reverse the magnetization of the free magnetic layer of the MTJ element.
- the area on the graph inside (the origin side) from the asteroid curve is the area where the direction of the magnetic field does not reverse even when a magnetic field is applied, and the area on the graph outside the asteroid curve is the magnetic field applied This is a region where the magnetization direction is reversed.
- FIG. 6 (b) shows a case where the selected cell has a steeper profile that passes near the origin than the asteroid curve force of FIG. 6 (a).
- the operation margin area can be expanded as compared with the case of FIG. 6 (a), and the write margin of the MTJ element can be increased.
- an MTJ element having a steep profile in which the asteroid curve passes near the origin is considered to have a broader write operation margin.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing a steroid curve obtained by LLG simulation.
- the solid line is the MTJ element according to this embodiment (invention)
- the alternate long and short dash line is the elliptical MTJ element (conventional example 1)
- the dotted line is the goggle-shaped MTJ element as shown in Fig. 16 (b). This is the case of the element (conventional example 2).
- the maximum in the easy axis direction was set to 0.4 / ⁇ ⁇
- the maximum width in the hard axis direction was set to 0.2 m.
- the asteroid curve of the MTJ element of the present invention and the MTJ element of Conventional Example 2 has a steep recess near the origin, and the asteroid curve of the MTJ element of Conventional Example 1 It has a profile that passes near the origin rather than. Therefore, the MTJ element of the present invention and the MTJ element of Conventional Example 2 are considered to have a wider write operation margin than the MTJ element of Conventional Example 1.
- FIG. 8 shows the results of LLG simulations for the selected cell and half-selected cell in the MTJ element according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows the selected cell in the MTJ element of Conventional Example 1. The results of the LLG simulation of the asteroid curve of the semi-selected cell are shown.
- the horizontal axis represents the current value flowing through the signal line (bit line) for applying a magnetic field in the easy axis direction, and corresponds to the applied magnetic field strength in the easy axis direction.
- the vertical axis is the current value that flows through the signal line (write word line) that applies the magnetic field in the hard axis direction, and corresponds to the applied magnetic field strength in the hard axis direction.
- the MTJ element of the present invention and the MTJ element of the conventional example 2 have a sharp curve in the magnetic field intensity in the magnetic axis direction where the asteroid curve is present. This is because the magnetic domain state of the magnetic domain in the MTJ element plane changes to C-type force S-type when the value exceeds the specified value.
- the asteroid curve of the MTJ element having the C-type magnetic state is located outside the asteroid curve of the MTJ element having the S-type magnetic state. For this reason, when the magnetization state changes from C-type to S-type, the asteroid curve approaches the Y-axis in the region where the hard axis magnetic field is large, and a steep profile as shown in the figure is formed. Due to such a rapid profile change, the write operation margin is improved in the area indicated by the ellipse in the figure.
- the MTJ element of the present invention has a write current operation condition that is equivalent to that of the conventional MTJ element, and can reduce power consumption compared to the case of writing by a toggle operation.
- the formation of two C-shaped magnetic states in the MTJ element plane is a feature of the MTJ element of the magnetic memory device according to the present embodiment. This characteristic is considered to be a factor that can widen the write operation margin compared to the MTJ element of Conventional Example 2.
- the mechanism by which the write operation margin becomes wide is not clear, but it can be considered as follows, for example:
- the formation of two C-shaped magnetic states in the MTJ element according to the present embodiment corresponds to a combination of two MTJ elements that are C-shaped and half in size.
- the planar shape of the MTJ element of the magnetic memory device according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is a simple shape having a rectangular shape with symmetrical left and right concave portions on the short side, and is easy to design.
- the shape and size “position” of the left and right recesses are the same, the asteroid curve is symmetric with respect to the magnetically difficult axis, and the margin can be expanded in the MRAM operation.
- the concave portion 68 so that its width becomes narrower toward the inside of the MTJ element 62, a C-shaped magnetic field can be stably formed in a state where only the magnetic axis easy axis magnetic field is applied. be able to.
- the shape of the MTJ element it is preferable to set the aspect ratio so that the length in the easy axis direction of the magnet becomes longer from the viewpoint of stabilizing the magnetization of the free magnetic layer.
- the aspect ratio is 1: 1
- a C-shaped magnetization state corresponding to a shape close to 1: 2 is formed above and below the recess, so that a sufficient operating margin is secured.
- a possible asteroid curve can be obtained stably. This means that the area can be reduced to half that of an MTJ element with an aspect ratio of, for example, 1: 2, which is extremely effective in achieving high integration.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 are process cross-sectional views showing a manufacturing method of the entire memory cell including the selection transistor and the MTJ element
- FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged process cross-sectional view showing the MTJ element manufacturing method.
- the element isolation film 12 is formed on the silicon substrate 10 by, eg, STI (Shallow Trench Isolation) method.
- a selection transistor having a gate electrode 14 and source Z drain regions 16 and 18 is formed in the active region defined by the element isolation film 12 in the same manner as a normal MOS transistor formation method (FIG. 11 (a)).
- the surface is flattened by a CMP method, and the silicon oxide film is formed.
- An interlayer insulating film 20 is formed.
- a contact hole 22 reaching the source Z drain region 16 is formed in the interlayer insulating film 20 by photolithography and dry etching.
- a conductive film is deposited and patterned on the interlayer insulating film 20 in which the contact plugs 24 are embedded, and ground lines 26 electrically connected to the source / drain regions 16 through the contact plugs 24.
- a wiring trench 30 for embedding a write word line is formed in the interlayer insulating film 28 by photolithography and etching (FIG. 11 (d)).
- a silicon oxide film having a thickness of, for example, lOOnm is deposited on the interlayer insulating film 28 in which the write word line 38 is embedded by, for example, a CVD method, and then the surface is flattened by the CMP method.
- An interlayer insulating film 40 made of a coating film is formed.
- contact holes 42 reaching the source / drain regions 18 are formed in the interlayer insulating films 40, 28, 20 by photolithography and dry etching.
- a Ta film 46a of, eg, a 40 nm-thickness is deposited by, eg, sputtering (FIG. 12). (C)) 0
- a layer 54 and a cap layer 56 made of, for example, a Ta film with a thickness of 30 nm are sequentially formed.
- a photoresist film 70 having a pattern of a free magnetic layer to be formed is formed by photolithography.
- the photoresist film 70 has a rectangular shape that is long in the extending direction of the word line WL (eg, the X direction in FIG. 1) and has a concave portion on the short side as shown in FIG. 4 (FIG. 14A).
- the shape of the MTJ element 62 shown in FIG. 4 is drawn only by the vertical “horizontal” diagonal patterning rule, it can be designed by a method according to conventional silicon technology. Can be easily realized.
- etching is performed using the photoresist film 70 as a mask, and the free magnetic layer 54 and the cap layer 56 are patterned.
- a free magnetic layer 54 having a rectangular shape of 200 X 300 nm long in the extending direction of the word line WL (for example, the X direction in FIG. 1) and having a recess on the short side is formed (FIG. 14B). ).
- a photoresist film 72 having a pattern of the fixed magnetic layer to be formed is formed by photolithography.
- the photoresist film 72 has, for example, a rectangular shape that is slightly larger than the pattern of the free magnetic layer 54 (FIG. 14 (c)).
- the side wall deposits generated during patterning can be reduced. Suppressing an electrical short between the free magnetic layer 54 and the fixed magnetic layer 50 Can do. Thereby, a manufacturing yield can be improved.
- a photoresist film 74 having a pattern of the lower electrode layer 46 to be formed is formed by photolithography (FIG. 14 (e)).
- the silicon oxide film is deposited until the MTJ element 62 is exposed by the CMP method.
- An interlayer insulating film 64 made of a silicon oxide film having a planarized surface is formed (FIG. 13 (b)).
- a conductive film is deposited and patterned on the interlayer insulating film 64 in which the MTJ element 62 is embedded, and a bit line 66 connected to the MTJ element 62 is formed (FIG. 13 (c)).
- an insulating layer, a wiring layer, and the like are further formed on the upper layer to complete the magnetic memory device.
- the free magnetic layer has a planar shape having recesses on a pair of sides parallel to the hard axis direction, so that the applied magnetic field in the hard axis direction can be reduced.
- the magnetic domain direction of the magnetic domains aligned in a C-shaped manner is adjacent to the magnetic axis of the magnetic domain. As shown, it can exhibit the characteristic of changing to the magnetic domain state in which the magnetic domain directions are aligned. This increases the reversal magnetic field strength when the magnetic field in the hard axis direction is weak and improves disturb resistance. On the other hand, the reversal magnetic field strength when the magnetic field in the hard axis direction is strong decreases and writing is performed. Operation can be facilitated.
- the applied magnetic field strength required for writing of the magnetoresistive effect element having the above-described planar shape of the free magnetic layer is almost the same as that of the conventional magnetoresistive effect element, and writing by toggle operation is performed. Power consumption can be reduced compared to the case.
- the above-described shape of the free magnetic layer can be realized within a range applicable to the silicon process. As a result, it is possible to realize a high-performance magnetoresistive element that requires a new processing technology.
- the MTJ element 62 has a planar shape as shown in FIG. 4.
- the shape that can exert the effects of the present invention is not limited to that shown in FIG.
- the magnetoresistive effect element according to the present invention is mainly characterized in that two C-shaped magnetization states are formed in the element plane when only a magnetic field in the easy axis direction is applied. If the shape can realize such a magnetic state, various modifications can be made to the shape shown in FIG.
- the MTJ element 62 may be a convex polygon having more sides and corners than the basic shape needing to be a rectangular shape.
- the recess 68 may be arranged at different heights on the left and right sides.
- the corner may be rounded. Note that, for example, in photolithography intended for microfabrication of 0.4 m or less, the design shape shown in FIG. 4 is used, and the actual shape formed is shown in FIG. As shown in (b).
- only the outer shape excluding the recess 68 may be rounded.
- the concave portion 68 whose width becomes narrower toward the inside of the MTJ element 62 can be stably formed in a state where only a magnetic easy axis magnetic field is applied. There is an effect.
- the fixed magnetic layer 50 has a laminated ferrimagnetic structure including the CoFe film 50a, the Ru film 50b, and the CoFe film 50c. Force configured to reduce the leakage magnetic field For example, a single-layered fixed magnetic layer made of CoFe may be applied.
- the free magnetic layer 54 may have a single layer structure made of NiF, for example, a CoFeZRuZCoFe laminated structure similar to the fixed magnetic layer 50.
- the force M is set such that the easy axis direction of the MTJ element 62 is the extending direction of the write word line 38 and the hard axis direction of the MTJ element 62 is the extending direction of the bit line 66.
- the magnetic axis easy axis direction of the TJ element 62 may be the extending direction of the bit line 66, and the hard axis direction of the MTJ element may be the extending direction of the write word line 38.
- the signal line used for writing to the MTJ element 62 is not limited to the write word line 38 and the bit line 66, and can be appropriately selected according to the layout and configuration of the memory cell.
- the present invention is applied to a 1T 1MTJ type magnetic memory device in which one memory cell is configured by one selection transistor and one MTJ element has been described.
- the configuration is not limited to this.
- the present invention can be similarly applied to a 2T-2MTJ type magnetic memory device and a 1T 2MTJ type magnetic memory device.
- the MTJ element is described as an example of the magnetoresistive effect element.
- the present invention is widely applied to a magnetoresistive effect element using a resistance change based on a spin relationship between magnetic layers. Can do.
- the present invention can also be applied to a magnetoresistive effect element in which two magnetic layers are stacked via a conductive nonmagnetic layer.
- the magnetoresistive effect element of the present invention is applied to a magnetic memory device.
- the magnetoresistive effect element may be applied to other devices using the magnetoresistive effect element.
- the magnetoresistive effect element according to the present invention can increase the disturb resistance during rewriting while reducing the power consumption by reducing the drive current without complicating the manufacturing process.
- Low power consumption of magnetic memory device using resistance change based on magnetic field direction This is useful for achieving higher power consumption, higher integration, and higher performance.
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JP2007505768A JPWO2006092849A1 (ja) | 2005-03-01 | 2005-03-01 | 磁気抵抗効果素子及び磁気メモリ装置 |
PCT/JP2005/003400 WO2006092849A1 (ja) | 2005-03-01 | 2005-03-01 | 磁気抵抗効果素子及び磁気メモリ装置 |
US11/848,697 US20080030906A1 (en) | 2005-03-01 | 2007-08-31 | Magnetoresistive effect element and magnetic memory device |
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PCT/JP2005/003400 WO2006092849A1 (ja) | 2005-03-01 | 2005-03-01 | 磁気抵抗効果素子及び磁気メモリ装置 |
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US (1) | US20080030906A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2006092849A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
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JP2009164390A (ja) * | 2008-01-08 | 2009-07-23 | Renesas Technology Corp | 磁気記録装置 |
WO2009157100A1 (ja) * | 2008-06-24 | 2009-12-30 | 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 | スピンバルブ記録素子及び記憶装置 |
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WO2009157101A1 (ja) * | 2008-06-25 | 2009-12-30 | 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 | 磁気メモリ素子とその駆動方法及び不揮発記憶装置 |
WO2015006660A2 (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | The University Of Florida Reearch Foundation, Inc. | Low ohmic loss radial superlattice conductors |
WO2017117131A1 (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2017-07-06 | The University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Low ohmic loss superlattice conductors |
US10303181B1 (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2019-05-28 | Eric John Wengreen | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US11073838B2 (en) | 2018-01-06 | 2021-07-27 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10493952B1 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2019-12-03 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10282625B1 (en) | 2018-10-01 | 2019-05-07 | Eric John Wengreen | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10479319B1 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2019-11-19 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10471804B1 (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2019-11-12 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US11221622B2 (en) | 2019-03-21 | 2022-01-11 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10900792B2 (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2021-01-26 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10794714B2 (en) | 2018-10-01 | 2020-10-06 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US11644833B2 (en) | 2018-10-01 | 2023-05-09 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10832569B2 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2020-11-10 | Drivent Llc | Vehicle detection systems |
US10481606B1 (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2019-11-19 | Drivent Llc | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
US10377342B1 (en) | 2019-02-04 | 2019-08-13 | Drivent Technologies Inc. | Self-driving vehicle systems and methods |
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JPWO2006092849A1 (ja) | 2008-08-07 |
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