WO2006082738A1 - オプティカルインテグレータ、照明光学装置、露光装置、および露光方法 - Google Patents
オプティカルインテグレータ、照明光学装置、露光装置、および露光方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006082738A1 WO2006082738A1 PCT/JP2006/301112 JP2006301112W WO2006082738A1 WO 2006082738 A1 WO2006082738 A1 WO 2006082738A1 JP 2006301112 W JP2006301112 W JP 2006301112W WO 2006082738 A1 WO2006082738 A1 WO 2006082738A1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70058—Mask illumination systems
- G03F7/70075—Homogenization of illumination intensity in the mask plane by using an integrator, e.g. fly's eye lens, facet mirror or glass rod, by using a diffusing optical element or by beam deflection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/002—Arrays of reflective systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0647—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using more than three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0657—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using more than three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0647—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using more than three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0663—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using more than three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which not all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry, e.g. at least one of the mirrors is warped, tilted or decentered with respect to the other elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0019—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having reflective surfaces only (e.g. louvre systems, systems with multiple planar reflectors)
- G02B19/0023—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having reflective surfaces only (e.g. louvre systems, systems with multiple planar reflectors) at least one surface having optical power
-
- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0095—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0905—Dividing and/or superposing multiple light beams
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0977—Reflective elements
- G02B27/0983—Reflective elements being curved
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70058—Mask illumination systems
- G03F7/702—Reflective illumination, i.e. reflective optical elements other than folding mirrors, e.g. extreme ultraviolet [EUV] illumination systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
- G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/14—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses adapted to interchange lenses
- G02B7/16—Rotatable turrets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical integrator, an illumination optical apparatus, an exposure apparatus, and an exposure method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an illumination optical apparatus of an exposure apparatus used for manufacturing a micro device such as a semiconductor element, an image sensor, a liquid crystal display element, a thin film magnetic head, etc., by a lithography process.
- a micro device such as a semiconductor element, an image sensor, a liquid crystal display element, a thin film magnetic head, etc.
- a circuit pattern formed on a mask is projected and transferred onto a photosensitive substrate (for example, a wafer) via a projection optical system.
- a resist is coated on the photosensitive substrate, and the resist is exposed by projection exposure through the projection optical system, and a resist pattern corresponding to the mask pattern is obtained.
- the resolving power W of the exposure apparatus depends on the wavelength ⁇ of the exposure light and the numerical aperture ⁇ of the projection optical system, and is expressed by the following equation (a).
- EUVL Extreme UltraViolet Lithography
- EUV Extreme ultraviolet light
- EUV L exposure apparatus inevitably uses a reflective optical integrator, a reflective mask, and a reflective projection optical system (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11 312638
- a conventional reflective optical integrator disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a first reflective element group 111 composed of a plurality of concave reflecting mirror elements 101 arranged in parallel, and a parallel structure. And a second reflecting element group 112 made up of a plurality of concave reflecting mirror elements 102 arranged in the same manner. Then, the parallel light incident on the first reflecting element group 111 on the incident side is divided by the individual concave reflecting mirror elements 101, and on or corresponding to the corresponding concave reflecting mirror element 102 of the second reflecting element group 112 on the emitting side. Concentrate in the vicinity.
- the light that has also generated one point force on the concave reflecting mirror element 101 of the first reflecting element group 111 is illuminated via the corresponding concave reflecting mirror element 102 and the condenser optical system 103 of the second reflecting element group 112. Condensed on the surface (reflective mask pattern surface) 104. That is, the incident surface of the first reflecting element group 111 (the reflecting surface of the concave reflecting mirror element 101) and the illuminated surface 104 are optically conjugate.
- the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface that is, the distance between the first reflective element group 111 and the second reflective element group 112 Force depends on the specifications of the optical integrator And it is decided almost uniquely. Specifically, the distance between the first reflecting element group 111 and the second reflecting element group 112 depends on the focal length of the first reflecting element group 111 on the incident side and the degree of convergence of the incident light beam on the optical integrator. However, since parallel light is normally incident on the optical integrator, it substantially depends only on the focal length of the first reflecting element group 111 on the incident side.
- the design freedom of the distance between the incident surface and the exit surface of the reflection-type optical integrator is small. It may be disadvantageous when you consider interference. That is, referring to FIG. 15, when the distance between the entrance surface and the exit surface of the optical integrator is reduced, the concave reflecting mirror element 101 of the first reflecting element group 111 is applied to avoid interference between the light beam and the optical member. On the other hand, light has to be incident obliquely at a large incident angle.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems.
- the interval between the entrance surface and the exit surface can be set arbitrarily without causing aberrations or reducing the reflectivity of the reflective film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a wavefront division type optical integrator capable of performing the above.
- the present invention provides an illumination optical apparatus that can illuminate a surface to be illuminated under a desired illumination condition using an optical integrator that can arbitrarily set a distance between an entrance surface and an exit surface. With the goal.
- the present invention also provides an exposure apparatus and an exposure method capable of performing good projection exposure under good illumination conditions using an illumination optical device that illuminates a mask as an irradiated surface under desired illumination conditions. The purpose is to provide.
- a plurality of first light collecting elements arranged in parallel, a plurality of second light collecting elements arranged in parallel so as to correspond to the plurality of first light collecting elements, and the plurality of first light collecting elements A relay optical system disposed in an optical path between the plurality of second condensing elements,
- the relay optical system includes the plurality of first condensing elements such that one of the plurality of first condensing elements and one of the plurality of second condensing elements have a one-to-one correspondence with each other.
- An optical integrator is provided that collects light collected through one of the elements again on or near the corresponding second light collecting element.
- an illumination optical device that illuminates a surface to be irradiated based on light having a light source power.
- an illumination optical apparatus comprising a first form of optical integrator disposed in an optical path between the light source and the irradiated surface.
- an exposure apparatus comprising the illumination optical apparatus according to the second aspect, and exposing a photosensitive substrate to a mask pattern arranged on the irradiated surface.
- the mask arranged on the irradiated surface is illuminated via the illumination optical device of the second aspect, and the pattern of the mask is exposed onto a photosensitive substrate.
- An exposure method is provided.
- a plurality of first mirror elements arranged in parallel and a plurality arranged in parallel so as to correspond to the plurality of first mirror elements A second mirror element, and a relay mirror disposed in an optical path between the plurality of first mirror elements and the plurality of second mirror elements,
- one of the plurality of first mirror elements is arranged such that one of the plurality of first mirror elements and one of the plurality of second mirror elements have a one-to-one correspondence with each other.
- the optical integrator is characterized in that the light condensed through the light is condensed again on or near the corresponding second mirror element.
- a plurality of first mirror elements arranged in parallel and a plurality of arranged in parallel so as to correspond to the plurality of first mirror elements A second mirror element, and a relay mirror disposed in an optical path between the plurality of first mirror elements and the plurality of second mirror elements,
- An optical integrator is provided in which an incident angle of light incident on the first mirror element, the second mirror element, and the relay mirror is within 20 degrees.
- an illumination optical device that illuminates the irradiated surface based on light of light source power.
- an illumination optical apparatus comprising a fifth or sixth optical integrator disposed in an optical path between the light source and the irradiated surface.
- an exposure apparatus comprising the illumination optical apparatus according to the seventh aspect, wherein a photosensitive substrate is exposed to a mask pattern disposed on the irradiated surface.
- the mask disposed on the irradiated surface is illuminated via the illumination optical device according to the seventh aspect, and a pattern of the mask is exposed onto a photosensitive substrate. An exposure method is provided.
- an exposure step of exposing the predetermined pattern to the photosensitive substrate using the exposure apparatus according to the third or eighth aspect, an exposure step of exposing the predetermined pattern to the photosensitive substrate;
- a plurality of first concave reflecting mirror elements (first condensing elements) and a plurality of second concave reflecting mirrors arranged in parallel so as to correspond to each other.
- the relay optical system disposed in the optical path between the element is one-to-one with one of the plurality of first concave reflector elements and one of the plurality of second concave reflector elements.
- the light collected through one of the plurality of first concave reflecting mirror elements is condensed again on or near the corresponding second concave reflecting mirror element so as to have a corresponding imaging relationship.
- the interval between the entrance surface and the exit surface that is, the interval between the plurality of first concave reflector elements and the plurality of second concave reflector elements, is the plurality of first concave surfaces. It can be set relatively freely without depending on the focal length of the reflector element. As a result, it is easy to avoid interference between the light beam and the optical member even if light does not enter the plurality of first concave reflecting mirror elements at a large incident angle, and as a result, aberration caused by oblique incidence of light. Generation of light and a decrease in reflectance in the reflective film can be suppressed.
- a wavefront division type optical integrator capable of arbitrarily setting the interval between the entrance surface and the exit surface without causing, for example, occurrence of aberration or reduction in reflectivity of the reflection film.
- an irradiated surface can be illuminated under a desired illumination condition by using an optical integrator that can arbitrarily set the interval between the incident surface and the exit surface.
- FIG. 1 is a drawing schematically showing an overall configuration of an exposure apparatus that works on the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the light source, illumination optical system, and projection optical system in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the light source, illumination optical system, and projection optical system in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating one scanning exposure in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 Schematic configuration and operation of the optical integrator according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the entrance surface of the first fly-eye mirror and the entrance surface of the second fly-eye mirror constituting the optical integrator of FIG. 4, as viewed from the light traveling direction.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a ⁇ value variable technique in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which a plurality of aperture stops are provided on the turret plate of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modified illumination technique in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a quadrupole secondary light source and a dipole secondary light source formed on the illumination pupil by modified illumination.
- FIG. 10 is a drawing schematically showing a configuration of an exposure apparatus that works on the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram schematically illustrating one scanning exposure in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the entrance surface of the first fly's eye member constituting the optical integrator of FIG. 10 and the entrance surface of the first fly's eye member in the conventional example when viewed from the light traveling direction. is there.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a semiconductor device as a micro device.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining a liquid crystal display element as a micro device.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining inconveniences of the conventional reflection type optical integrator disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 1 is a drawing schematically showing an overall configuration of an exposure apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the light source, illumination optical system, and projection optical system of FIG.
- the vertical axis is along the optical axis direction of the projection optical system, that is, the normal direction of the surface of the wafer W, which is a photosensitive substrate, and the vertical axis is in the plane parallel to the paper surface of Fig. 1 within the plane of the wafer W.
- the X axis In the plane of wafer W, set the X axis in the direction perpendicular to the page of Fig. 1, respectively.
- the present invention is applied to an EUVL exposure apparatus provided with a laser plasma light source.
- the exposure apparatus of the first embodiment includes, for example, a laser plasma light source 1 as a light source for supplying exposure light.
- Light emitted from the light source 1 enters the illumination optical system 2 via a wavelength selection filter (not shown).
- the wavelength selection filter has a characteristic of selectively transmitting only EUV light having a predetermined wavelength (for example, 13.4 nm or 11.5 nm) from light supplied from the light source 1 and blocking transmission of other wavelength light.
- the EUV light 3 that has passed through the wavelength selective filter illuminates a reflective mask (reticle) M on which a pattern to be transferred is formed, via an illumination optical system 2 and a plane reflecting mirror 4 as an optical path deflecting mirror.
- the mask M is held by a mask stage 5 that can move along the Y direction so that its pattern surface extends along the XY plane.
- the movement of the mask stage 5 is configured to be measured by a laser interferometer 6.
- the light of the patterner of the illuminated mask M forms a mask pattern image on the photosensitive substrate Ueno, W through the reflective projection optical system PL. That is, on the wafer W, as will be described later, for example, an arcuate still exposure region (effective exposure region) that is symmetric about the Y axis is formed.
- the wafer W is held by a wafer stage 7 that can move two-dimensionally along the X and Y directions so that the exposure surface extends along the XY plane.
- the movement of the wafer stage 7 is configured to be measured by the laser interferometer 8 as in the mask stage 5.
- the scanning exposure scan exposure
- the scanning exposure is performed while moving the mask stage 5 and the wafer stage 7 along the Y direction, that is, while moving the mask M, Ueno, and W relative to the projection optical system PL along the Y direction.
- the pattern of the mask M is transferred to one rectangular shot area of the wafer W.
- the moving speed of the wafer stage 7 is set to 1Z4 of the moving speed of the mask stage 5 to perform synchronous scanning.
- the mask M pattern is sequentially transferred to each shot area of the wafer W by repeating the strike exposure while moving the Ueno and stage 7 two-dimensionally along the X and Y directions.
- the laser plasma light source 1 in the laser plasma light source 1, light emitted from the laser light source 11 (non-EU V light) is condensed on the gas target 13 through the condenser lens 12.
- a high-pressure gas such as xenon (Xe) is supplied from the nozzle 14, and the gas injected from the nozzle 14 forms the gas target 13.
- the gas target 13 obtains energy from the focused laser beam, turns it into plasma, and emits EUV light.
- the gas target 13 is positioned at the first focal point of the elliptical reflecting mirror 15.
- the EUV light emitted from the laser plasma light source 1 is focused on the second focal point of the elliptical reflector 15.
- the gas that has finished emitting light is sucked through the duct 16 and led to the outside.
- the EUV light condensed at the second focal point of the elliptical reflecting mirror 15 becomes a substantially parallel light flux through the concave reflecting mirror 17 and enters the optical integrator OP.
- the optical integrator OP is composed of a pair of fly-eye mirrors 18 and 20, and a concave reflecting mirror 19 as a relay optical system disposed in the optical path between them. This will be described later.
- the light beam incident on the optical integrator OP (18 to 20) has a substantial shape having a predetermined shape in the vicinity of the reflecting surface of the second fly-eye mirror 20, that is, in the vicinity of the exit surface of the optical integrator OP.
- the next light source is formed on the surface light source.
- the substantial surface light source is formed at or near the exit pupil position of the illumination optical system 2, that is, the surface optically conjugate with the entrance pupil of the projection optical system PL or the vicinity thereof.
- Light having substantial surface light source power is emitted from the illumination optical system 2 through the condenser optical system (21, 22) as a light guide optical system constituted by the convex reflecting mirror 21 and the concave reflecting mirror 22.
- the light emitted from the illumination optical system 2 is deflected by the plane reflecting mirror 4, and then the arc-shaped opening (not shown) of a field stop (not shown) disposed substantially parallel to and close to the mask M An arcuate illumination area is formed on the mask M via the light transmission part).
- the light source 1 (11 to 16), the illumination optical system 2 (17 to 22), the plane reflecting mirror 4 and the field stop (not shown) are provided for Koehler illumination of the mask M provided with a predetermined pattern.
- the illumination optical device is configured.
- the projection optical system PL includes a first reflective imaging optical system for forming an intermediate image of the mask M pattern, and a mask pattern. This is constituted by a second reflection imaging optical system for forming an intermediate image (secondary image of the pattern of the mask M) on the wafer W.
- the first reflective imaging optical system is composed of four reflecting mirrors M1 to M4, and the second reflective imaging optical system is composed of two reflecting mirrors M5 and M6.
- the projection optical system PL is a telecentric optical system on the wafer side (image side).
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating one scanning exposure in the first embodiment.
- a mask M pattern is transferred to one rectangular shot area SR of wafer W by a single scanning exposure (scan exposure)
- an arc-shaped stationary exposure area that is symmetrical with respect to the Y axis. (Effective exposure area) ER moves from the scanning start position indicated by the solid line in the figure to the scanning end position indicated by the broken line in the figure.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration and operation of the optical integrator according to the first embodiment.
- the optical integrator OP of the first embodiment includes a first fly-eye mirror 18 comprising a plurality of first concave reflecting mirror elements (first mirror elements; first focusing elements) 18a arranged in parallel.
- a second fly-eye mirror 20 comprising a plurality of second concave reflector elements (second mirror elements; second condensing elements) 20a arranged in parallel so as to correspond to the plurality of first concave reflector elements 18a.
- a concave reflecting mirror (relay mirror) 19 as a relay optical system disposed in the optical path between the pair of fly-eye mirrors 18 and 20.
- the condenser optical system (21, 22) is represented by one concave reflecting mirror, and the concave reflecting mirror elements 18a, 18a, 20 constituting a pair of fly-eye mirrors 18, 20 are shown. It represents the number of 20a considerably less than actual.
- the first fly-eye mirror 18 is configured by densely arranging first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a having an arcuate outer shape vertically and horizontally.
- the second fly-eye mirror 20 is configured by arranging the second concave reflecting mirror elements 20a having a rectangular outer shape vertically and horizontally and almost densely. That is, the outer shape of the optical surface (reflecting surface) is different between the first concave reflecting mirror element 18a and the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a. Further, the force that the configuration of the parallel arrangement of the first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a differs from the configuration of the parallel arrangement of the second concave reflecting mirror elements 20a will be described later.
- the first beam viewed from the light traveling direction is used to increase the illumination efficiency.
- the outer shape of the rye mirror 18 is nearly circular (see Fig. 5 (a)).
- the first concave reflecting mirror element 18a, the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a, and the concave reflecting mirror 19 are each configured as a toric mirror. That is, in the concave reflecting mirror elements 18a and 20a, the focal length in the direction parallel to the paper surface in FIG. 4 is different from the focal length in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG.
- the concave reflecting mirror 19 as a relay optical system has different focal lengths in a direction parallel to the paper surface of FIG. 4 and a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 4, and thus these two directions. Have different object-to-image distances.
- the optical integrator OP of the first embodiment as shown by the solid line in the figure, when a parallel light beam enters the first fly-eye mirror 18, the incident light beam is divided into wavefronts by the individual first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a. Is done. Then, the light flux reflected by each first concave reflecting mirror element 18a is once condensed and then reflected on the reflecting surface of each corresponding second concave reflecting mirror element 20a via a concave reflecting mirror 19 as a relay optical system. Or it concentrates on one point in the vicinity. Thus, a substantial surface light source is formed on or near the exit surface of the optical integrator OP.
- the first concave reflecting mirror element 18a is configured as a toric mirror as described above, the light beam reflected by the first concave reflecting mirror element 18a is 1 in a plane parallel to the paper surface of FIG.
- the position where light is focused on a point is different from the position where light is focused on one point in the plane perpendicular to the paper surface of Fig. 4.
- the luminous flux collected at one point on or near the reflecting surface of each second concave reflecting mirror element 20a that is, the luminous flux of each light source power constituting the substantial surface light source, passes through the condenser optical system (21, 22). And illuminate the arcuate illumination area on the mask M, which is the illuminated surface, in a superimposed manner
- the concave reflecting mirror (relay optical system) 19 includes one of the plurality of first concave reflecting mirror elements 18 a constituting the first fly-eye mirror 18 and the plurality of constituting the second fly-eye mirror 20.
- the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a has a one-to-one correspondence with each other, and the second light corresponding to the light collected through one of the first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a is associated with the second second reflecting mirror element 20a. Condensate again on or near concave reflector element 20a. Specifically, when attention is paid to the eight first concave reflecting mirror elements 18al to 18a8 in the leftmost column in FIG. 5 (a), the upper four first The concave reflecting mirror elements 18al to 18a4 correspond to the four second concave reflecting mirror elements 20al to 20a4 in the leftmost column in FIG.
- the lower four first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a5 to 18a8 are respectively connected to the four second concave reflecting mirror elements 20a5 to 20a8 in the second row from the leftmost side in FIG. 5 (b). It corresponds.
- the first concave reflector element 18a for one row of the first fly-eye mirror 18 corresponds to the second concave reflector element 20a for two rows of the second fly-eye mirror 20.
- the mirror 18 has an 8-row configuration, while the second fly-eye mirror 20 has a 16-row configuration.
- each first concave reflecting mirror element 18a was once condensed through a concave reflecting mirror 19 as a relay optical system, as indicated by a broken line in the figure. Later, the light enters each corresponding second concave reflecting mirror element 20a.
- the concave reflecting mirror 19 is also configured as a toric mirror as described above, the position where the light beam reflected by the concave reflecting mirror 19 converges to one point in a plane parallel to the paper surface of FIG. It is different from the position where the light is concentrated at one point in the plane perpendicular to the paper surface in Fig. 4.
- each second concave reflecting mirror element 20a is condensed at one point in the arcuate illumination area on the mask M via the condenser optical system (21, 22).
- the reflecting surface force of all the first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a constituting the first fly-eye mirror 18 is arranged in a conjugate manner with the pattern surface of the mask M. Yes.
- the reason why the first concave reflecting mirror element 18a constituting the first fly-eye mirror 18 has an arc-shaped outer shape is to efficiently illuminate the arc-shaped illumination area on the mask M. .
- the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a constituting the second fly-eye mirror 20 has a vertically long rectangular outer shape because the light source is formed on or near the reflecting surface of the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a. This is because the image has a vertically long elliptical shape.
- this configuration can improve the transmission efficiency of the light energy.
- a gap is provided between the plurality of second concave reflecting mirror elements 20a constituting the second fly-eye mirror 20 to provide an adjustment opening when aligning the individual second concave reflecting mirror elements 20a. That is, it is preferable to be able to adjust the position of the individual second concave reflector elements 20a.
- the concave reflecting mirror 19 as a relay optical system is arranged in the optical path between the first fly eye mirror 18 and the second fly eye mirror 20. ing.
- the concave reflecting mirror (relay optical system) 19 includes one of a plurality of first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a constituting the first fly eye mirror 18 and a plurality of second concave reflecting surfaces constituting the second fly eye mirror 20.
- the second concave reflecting mirror element corresponding to the light condensed through one of the plurality of first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a so that one of the mirror elements 20a has a one-to-one correspondence with each other. Condensing again on or near 20a.
- the distance between the incident surface and the emission surface that is, the distance between the first fly-eye mirror 18 and the second fly-eye mirror 20 is the first fly-eye mirror 18. It can be set relatively freely without depending on the focal length. As a result, it is easy to avoid interference between the light beam and the optical member without entering light at a large incident angle with respect to each first concave reflecting mirror element 18a constituting the first fly-eye mirror 18. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of aberrations due to the oblique incidence of light and the decrease in reflectivity of the reflective film.
- a wavefront division type in which the interval between the entrance surface and the exit surface can be arbitrarily set without causing aberrations or reducing the reflectance of the reflective film.
- Optical integrator OP can be realized.
- the mask M as the irradiated surface is illuminated under a desired illumination condition using the optical integrator OP capable of arbitrarily setting the interval between the entrance surface and the exit surface.
- the reflecting surfaces of all the first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a constituting the first fly-eye mirror 18 are the pattern surfaces of the mask M (and thus the wafer W).
- the exposure surface is set to be conjugate with each other. Therefore, when trying to increase the illumination efficiency according to the conventional technology, the first concave reflector element 18a has an elongated shape similar to the outer shape of the illumination area of the mask M (e.g., the static exposure area ER of the wafer W)! / An arcuate outer shape (see Fig. 3) is required.
- the light enters the optical integrator OP. Since the cross-sectional shape of the light beam is almost circular, the outer shape of the first fly-eye mirror 18 viewed from the light traveling direction is a nearly circular shape (see Fig. 5 (a)). Desired.
- the first fly-eye mirror 18 in order to obtain the required wavefront division effect, it is necessary to arrange a sufficient number of the first concave reflector elements 18a in parallel in the horizontal and vertical directions. Is. For this reason, when the outer shape of the first concave reflecting mirror element 18a is set to a long and narrow arc similar to the outer shape of the static exposure region ER of the wafer W as in the prior art, the first concave surface aligned along the short direction of the outer shape. The number of reflector elements becomes excessive (see Fig. 12 (b) regarding the second embodiment described later), which adversely affects the manufacturing cost of the first fly-eye mirror 18 and, in turn, the manufacturing cost of the optical integrator OP. It will be.
- the first concave reflecting mirror element 18a, the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a, and the concave reflecting mirror 19 are each configured as a toric mirror.
- the outer shape of the reflector element 18a can be set to a relatively wide arc shape having an aspect ratio different from that of the static exposure region ER of the wafer W.
- the first concave reflecting mirror elements arranged along the short direction (vertical direction in the figure) of the arcuate outer shape.
- the light source image formed on or in the vicinity of the reflecting surface of the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a has a vertically long elliptical shape.
- the second concave reflecting mirror element 20a constituting the second fly's eye mirror 20 has a vertically long rectangular outer shape.
- the configuration in which the first concave reflecting mirror elements 18a are arranged in parallel differs from the configuration in which the second concave reflecting mirror elements 20a are arranged in parallel.
- the first concave reflector element 18a for one row of the first fly-eye mirror 18 corresponds to the second concave reflector element 20a for two rows of the second fly-eye mirror 20, and the first fly-eye mirror 18 has eight rows.
- the second fly-eye mirror 20 has a 16-row configuration.
- a laser plasma light source is used as a light source for supplying EUV light.
- suitable light sources that provide EUV light such as, but not limited to, synchrotron radiation (SOR) light sources can also be used.
- the EUVL exposure apparatus that is effective in the first embodiment described above, it is formed near the exit surface of optical integrator OP (near the exit surface of second fly-eye mirror 20).
- a ⁇ value variable technique that changes the size of the secondary light source (the light intensity distribution formed in the illumination pupil) and thus changes the ⁇ value (or coherence factor) will be described.
- an input device not shown
- the controller CR determines whether or not to change the ⁇ value based on the input information from the input device.
- the control unit CR drives the driving unit DR1 to counteract the second fly-eye mirror 20.
- a turret method or a slide method can be used for switching the aperture stop.
- an example in which the turret method is applied to switching the aperture stop will be described.
- a turret plate 23 is provided that is rotatable about a predetermined rotation shaft 23a by the action of the drive unit DR1.
- the turret plate 23 is provided with a plurality (six for example in FIG. 7) of aperture stops 24 a to 24 f having different shapes and sizes of the openings (light transmitting portions).
- the area force corresponding to the knots corresponds to the aperture of each aperture stop.
- the aperture stop 24a is an annular illumination aperture stop having an annular aperture 24aa
- the aperture stops 24b and 24e are circular illumination apertures having different circular apertures 24ba and 24ea. Aperture.
- the aperture stop 24c is a four-pole illumination aperture stop having four fan-shaped openings 24ca to 24cd
- the aperture stop 24d is a four-pole illumination having four circular openings 24da to 24dd. It is an aperture stop.
- the aperture stop 24f is an annular illumination aperture stop having an opening 24fa having an annular ratio different from that of the aperture stop 24a. The definition of the annular ratio and the uses of the annular illumination aperture stops 24a and 24f and the quadrupole illumination aperture stops 24c and 24d will be described later.
- Various modifications can be made to the number and arrangement of aperture stops provided in the turret plate 23, the shape and size of the aperture, and the like.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a configuration in which the first fly-eye mirror 18 and the second fly-eye mirror 20 are arranged at substantially the same position in the horizontal direction in the figure.
- Various configurations of the first fly-eye mirror 18 and the second fly-eye mirror 20 in the horizontal direction in the figure are possible. That is, the first fly-eye mirror 18 can be arranged on the right side or the left side in the drawing relative to the second fly-eye mirror 20, and as a result, around the second fly-eye mirror 20! Space can be reserved (see the arrangement in Figure 1).
- the center of curvature of the reflecting surface of the relay optical system (relay mirror) 19 is between the first concave reflecting mirror element (first mirror element) 18a and the relay optical system 19 or the second concave reflecting mirror.
- Element (second This element exists between 20a and the relay optical system 19. Note that even when the reflecting surface of the relay optical system 19 is a toric surface, the center of curvature of the reflecting surface in two directions orthogonal to each other is the same as either the first concave reflecting mirror element or the second concave reflecting mirror element. It is preferably present between the optical system 19.
- the ⁇ value is changed by switching the size of the circular opening that restricts the substantially circular light intensity distribution formed in the illumination pupil (near the exit surface of the second fly-eye mirror 20)
- the illumination state may deteriorate with the occurrence of uneven illumination (illuminance unevenness) in the arcuate illumination area (still exposure area ER) formed on the wafer W or the mask surface.
- a design in which the focal length of the first fly-eye mirror 18 is set to be small is possible.
- the first concave reflecting mirror element (first mirror element) 18a or the second concave mirror is possible.
- the outer shape of the surface reflecting mirror element (second mirror element) 20a can be set small.
- the wavefront splitting surface of the optical integrator OP can be set small, so that the illumination caused by the change in the ⁇ value can be achieved without replacing the concave reflecting mirror 17 that is a collimating mirror. The occurrence of unevenness can be suppressed satisfactorily.
- the illumination pupil near the exit surface of the second fly-eye mirror 20
- the illumination pupil has an annular shape or a plurality of polar shapes
- a modified illumination technology that improves the depth of focus and resolution of the projection optical system PL by forming a light intensity distribution (bipolar, quadrupolar, etc.) will be described.
- a reflective conical axicon system 25 as an annular light flux conversion unit is seen in the illumination optical path between the concave reflector 17 as a collimating mirror and the first fly-eye mirror 18. It is provided so that it can be removed.
- the conical axicon system 25 has a function of converting an EUV light beam having a circular cross section into an EUV light beam having a ring-shaped (ring-shaped) cross section.
- the conical axicon system 25 includes a first reflecting member 25a having a convex conical reflecting surface 25aa and a reflecting surface 25aa of the first reflecting member 25a in the order of incidence of light.
- at least one of the first reflecting member 25a and the second reflecting member 25b is configured to be movable along the optical axis AX, and the reflecting surface of the first reflecting member 25a.
- the distance between 25aa and the reflecting surface 25ba of the second reflecting member 25b is variable.
- the circular EUV light beam Lc having a circular cross section enters the conical axicon system 25
- the circular EUV light beam Lc is reflected radially by the convex conical reflecting surface 25aa of the first reflecting member 25a. Is converted into a ring-shaped light beam, and is converted into a ring-shaped EUV light beam Lai through the convex conical reflecting surface 25ba of the second reflecting member 25b, and is guided to the first fly-eye mirror 18 of the optical integrator OP. .
- annular light intensity distribution (secondary light source) is formed in the illumination pupil (near the exit surface of the second fly-eye mirror 20) by the action of the reflective conical axicon system 25.
- the width of the annular secondary light source (the outer diameter and inner diameter of the annular secondary light source
- the outer diameter (inner diameter) of the annular secondary light source changes while keeping the difference 1Z2) constant. That is, due to the action of the conical axicon system 25, the annular ratio (inner diameter Z outer diameter) and size (outer diameter) of the annular secondary light source change.
- the controller CR inputs from an input device (not shown) for inputting information necessary for selecting the illumination conditions on the mask M and the wafer W. Based on the information, “first annular illumination”, “second annular illumination”, “first normal circular illumination”, “second ordinary circular illumination”, “first quadrupole illumination” ”And“ Second quadrupole illumination ”are selected.
- the input device performs exposure related to the exposure conditions for each wafer that is sequentially placed by a transfer device (not shown) according to the fineness of the pattern transferred to the wafer W and the process of the pattern transferred to the wafer W. This is for inputting information (wafer transfer map including exposure information, etc.) and mounting information of various masks that are sequentially mounted on the mask stage 5.
- annular illumination means that the shape of the secondary light source formed on the illumination pupil (in the vicinity of the exit surface of the second fly-eye mirror 20) is an annular shape, so that the reflective mask M and Ueno, W In contrast, EUV light is irradiated from an oblique direction to improve the resolving power and depth of focus inherent in the projection optical system PL.
- quaddrupole illumination generally multipole illumination
- the secondary light source formed in the illumination pupil is decentered by a predetermined distance from the center of the four discrete (generally plural) eccentricities.
- EUV light is irradiated obliquely onto the reflective mask M and the wafer W to improve the resolution and depth of focus inherent in the projection optical system PL.
- “normal circular illumination” illuminates the reflective mask ⁇ and wafer W under the optimal ⁇ value by making the shape of the secondary light source formed in the illumination pupil into a substantially circular shape. is there.
- the control unit CR determines whether the first normal circular illumination or the second normal circular is based on the input information of the input device force. Select “Lighting”.
- the difference between the “first normal circular illumination” and the “second normal circular illumination” is that the ⁇ values are different.
- a secondary light source substantially including many light source forces formed in the illumination pupil (near the exit surface of the second fly-eye mirror 20) is selected.
- the drive section DR1 is driven to rotate the turret plate 23 so that the aperture stop 24e is positioned at the position of the surface light source).
- the controller CR changes the aperture diameter of a variable aperture stop (not shown) in the projection optical system PL as necessary.
- the conical axicon system 25 is also retracted through the control unit CR drive unit DR2.
- the reflective mask ⁇ is exposed under the appropriate “first normal circular illumination” condition (appropriate ⁇ value).
- the pattern can be exposed to the photosensitive substrate (wafer) W via the projection optical system PL.
- the control unit CR selects "second normal circular illumination"
- the driving unit DR1 is driven so that the aperture stop 24b is positioned at the position of the secondary light source formed in the illumination pupil.
- the controller CR changes the aperture diameter of a variable aperture stop (not shown) in the projection optical system PL as necessary.
- the conical axicon system 25 is also retracted through the control unit CR drive unit DR2.
- the appropriate “second normal circular illumination” condition first normal circular illumination
- the pattern of the reflective mask ⁇ can be exposed to the photosensitive substrate (wafer) W through the projection optical system PL under a larger ⁇ value than bright.
- the control unit CR performs "first annular illumination”, “ Select one of “2 annular illumination”, “first 4-pole illumination”, and “second 4-pole illumination”.
- the annular ratio of the annular secondary light source is different between the “first annular illumination” and the “second annular illumination”.
- the “first quadrupole illumination” and “second quadrupole illumination” differ mainly in the shape of the surface light source of each pole. That is, the secondary light sources in the “first quadrupole illumination” are distributed in four fan-shaped areas, and the secondary light sources in the “second quadrupole illumination” are distributed in four circular areas.
- the control unit CR drives the drive unit DR1 so that the aperture stop 24a is positioned at the position of the secondary light source formed in the illumination pupil. Rotate the turret plate 23.
- the control unit CR drives the drive unit DR1 so that the aperture stop 24f is positioned at the position of the secondary light source formed in the illumination pupil. Rotate plate 23.
- the control unit CR drives the drive unit DR1 so that the aperture stop 24c is positioned at the position of the secondary light source formed in the illumination pupil. Rotate plate 23.
- the controller CR drives the drive unit DR1 so that the aperture stop 24d is positioned at the position of the secondary light source formed in the illumination pupil. Rotate plate 23.
- the control unit CR adjusts the variable aperture stop in the projection optical system PL as necessary. Change the opening diameter (not shown).
- the control unit CR performs setting of the conical axicon system 25 as an annular light flux conversion unit on the illumination optical path and adjustment of the conical axicon system 25 via the drive unit DR2.
- the control unit CR sets the conical axicon system 25 to a predetermined position in the illumination optical path via the drive unit DR2.
- a secondary light source with an appropriate annular ratio corresponding to each aperture of the four aperture stops (24a, 24c, 24d, 24f) is formed in the illumination pupil, and high illumination efficiency
- the reflective mask M and the wafer W can be modified and illuminated under
- information such as illumination conditions is input to the control unit CR via the input device, but a detection unit that reads information on the reflective mask M may be provided.
- information on the illumination method is recorded outside the circuit pattern area of the mask M, for example, with a barcode.
- the detection unit reads information related to the illumination condition and transmits it to the control unit CR.
- the control unit CR controls the drive units (DR1, DR2) based on the information on the lighting conditions.
- the annular secondary light source is formed using the reflective conical axicon system 25 in the case of the quadrupole illumination.
- a reflective pyramid axicon system (not shown) as a unit, a quadrupole secondary light source can be formed.
- the quadrangular pyramid axicon system is obtained by, for example, cutting a ring-shaped rotationally symmetric region from a first reflecting member having a convex quadrangular pyramidal reflecting surface and a concave quadrangular pyramid surface complementary to the reflecting surface of the first reflecting member.
- the second reflecting member having an annular quadrangular pyramid-like reflecting surface is obtained.
- a quadrupole light intensity distribution (secondary light source) is formed on the circular pupil surface (indicated by a broken line in the figure) as shown in FIG.
- a dipolar secondary light source can be formed using a reflective V-groove axicon system (not shown) as a dipole beam conversion unit.
- the V-groove axicon system is obtained, for example, by cutting a ring-shaped rotationally symmetric region from a first reflecting member having a convex V-shaped reflecting surface and a concave V-shape complementary to the reflecting surface of the first reflecting member. And a second reflecting member having a V-shaped reflecting surface.
- a dipole light intensity distribution (secondary light source) is formed on a circular pupil surface (indicated by a broken line in the figure).
- an aperture stop is provided at the position of the secondary light source formed on the illumination pupil.
- installation of an aperture stop can be omitted.
- the wavefront splitting surface of the optical integrator OP can be set small, so that a light intensity distribution having a substantially desired shape is obtained using a conical axicon system, a quadrangular pyramid axicon system, a V-groove axicon system, or the like.
- the aperture stop (24b, 24e) having a different aperture diameter is set in the illumination optical path in order to change the ⁇ value.
- a plurality of collimating mirrors 17 having different focal lengths can be configured to be exchangeable.
- a multilayer film that reflects EUV light is provided on the reflecting surface of each second concave reflecting mirror element (second mirror element) 20 a of the second fly-eye mirror 20 and the reflecting surface of the concave reflecting mirror 19.
- a required reflection characteristic corresponding to the incident angle is obtained by increasing the film thickness of the multilayer film.
- the thickness of the multilayer film is increased little by little, 10 It is possible to ensure a required reflectance even for an incident angle exceeding a degree.
- the P-polarized light component related to the reflecting surface it is difficult to ensure sufficient reflectivity even if the film thickness is increased if the incident angle exceeds 20 degrees. Therefore, in order to ensure the required reflectance in the illumination optical system 2 of the first embodiment, it is important to keep the incident angle of light incident on the reflecting surface that reflects EUV light within 20 degrees.
- FIG. 10 is a drawing schematically showing a configuration of an exposure apparatus that works on the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the Y axis is aligned with the optical axis AX direction of the projection optical system PL, that is, along the normal direction of the surface of wafer W, which is the photosensitive substrate, on the paper surface of Fig. 10 in the plane of wafer W.
- the Z axis is set in the horizontal direction and in the plane of the wafer W!
- the X axis is set in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of Fig. 10 respectively.
- the present invention is applied to an exposure apparatus including an ArF excimer laser light source that supplies light with a wavelength of 193 nm or a KrF excimer laser light source that supplies light with a wavelength of 248 nm.
- the exposure apparatus of the second embodiment includes a light source 31 for supplying exposure light (illumination light).
- a light source 31 such as an ArF excimer laser light source or a KrF excimer laser light source is expanded into a light beam having a required cross-sectional shape via a shaping optical system 32, and then reflected by an optical path bending mirror 33 to fly.
- the light enters the eye lens 34.
- the light beam incident on the fly-eye lens 34 is two-dimensionally divided by a large number of lens elements, and a large number of light sources are formed at or near the rear focal plane.
- the optical integrator OP is composed of a pair of fly's eye members 36 and 37 and a relay optical system 38 disposed in the optical path between them, and the detailed configuration and operation thereof will be described later.
- the light beam incident on the optical integrator OP forms a substantial surface light source (secondary light source) having a predetermined shape in the vicinity of the second fly-eye member, that is, in the vicinity of the exit surface of the optical integrator OP.
- the substantial surface light source is formed on or near the exit pupil position of the illumination optical system (32 to 39), that is, on a surface optically conjugate with or near the entrance pupil of the projection optical system PL.
- the light from the substantial surface light source illuminates the mask M on which a predetermined pattern is formed in a superimposed manner via a condenser optical system 39 as a light guide optical system.
- the mask M has a pattern to be transferred. Of the entire pattern area, a rectangular (slit) pattern area having a long side along the X direction and a short side along the Z direction. Is illuminated.
- the light beam that has passed through the mask M pattern forms a pattern image of the mask M on the wafer W, which is a photosensitive substrate, via the projection optical system PL.
- a rectangular shape having a long side along the X direction and a short side along the Z direction on the wafer W so as to optically correspond to the rectangular illumination area on the mask M.
- a pattern image is formed in the static exposure area (effective exposure area) of the shape.
- the wafer W By moving (scanning) the wafer W synchronously, the wafer W has a width such as the dimension in the X direction of the static exposure region ER and a length corresponding to the scanning amount (movement amount) of the wafer W.
- a mask pattern is scanned and exposed with respect to a shot area (exposure area) SR having
- the optical integrator OP of the second embodiment includes a first positive lens element (first condensing element) 36a arranged in parallel.
- a second fly-eye member 37 comprising a fly-eye member 36 and a plurality of second positive lens elements (second condensing elements) 37a arranged in parallel so as to correspond to the plurality of first positive lens elements 36a;
- the relay optical system 38 is disposed in the optical path between the pair of fly-eye members 36 and 37.
- the number of positive lens (positive single lens) elements 36a and 37a constituting the pair of fly-eye members 36 and 37 is considerably smaller than the actual number.
- the first fly's eye member 36 is configured by densely arranging first positive lens elements 36a having a rectangular outer shape vertically and horizontally.
- the second fly's eye member 37 also has the second positive lens element 37a having a rectangular outer shape vertically and horizontally and densely according to the same parallel arrangement as the first fly's eye member 36. It is comprised by arrange
- FIG. 10 shows an example in which the relay optical system 38 is configured with three lenses, positive, negative, and positive. However, the relay optical system 38 may be configured with a single positive lens. Furthermore, the relay optical system can be configured with a plurality of lens groups, for example, a positive “negative” positive lens group.
- the first positive lens element 36a, the second positive lens element 37a, and the relay optical system 38 are each configured as a toric lens. That is, in the first positive lens element 36a and the second positive lens element 37a, the focal length related to the YZ plane is different from the focal length related to the XY plane. In addition, the relay optical system 38 has different focal lengths in the YZ plane and the XY plane, and thus has different object-image distances in these two directions.
- the optical integrator OP of the second embodiment when a parallel light beam enters the first fly's eye member 37, the incident light beam is divided into wavefronts by the individual first positive lens elements 36a as shown by the solid line in FIG. The Then, the light flux that has passed through each first positive lens element 36a is collected and then condensed on one point on or near each corresponding second positive lens element 37a via the relay optical system 38. To do. Thus, a substantial surface light source is formed on or near the exit surface of the optical integrator OP.
- the first positive lens element 36a is configured as a toric lens
- the position where the light beam passing through the first positive lens element 36a is condensed at one point in the YZ plane and the XY plane It is different from the position where the light is collected at one point.
- a light beam condensed on one point on or near each second positive lens element 37a that is, a light beam from each light source constituting a substantial surface light source, passes through a condenser optical system 39 and is a mask that is an irradiated surface. Illuminate the rectangular illumination area on M in a superimposed manner.
- the relay optical system 38 includes a plurality of second positive lens elements constituting one of the plurality of first positive lens elements 36a constituting the first fly eye member 36 and the second fly eye member 37.
- the light collected through one of the plurality of first positive lens elements 36a is set on or corresponding to the corresponding second positive lens element 37a so that one of 37a has a one-to-one correspondence with each other. Condensate again in the vicinity.
- the luminous flux that also generated one point force on each first positive lens element 36a is As indicated by the middle broken line, the light is once condensed through the relay optical system 38 and then incident on the corresponding second positive lens element 37a.
- the relay optical system 38 is also configured as a toric lens (toric optical system), the position where the light beam via the relay optical system 38 is condensed at one point in the YZ plane. And the position where the light is focused on one point in the XY plane.
- the light flux that has passed through each second positive lens element 37a is collected at one point in the rectangular illumination region on the mask M via the condenser optical system 39.
- all the first positive lens elements 36a constituting the first fly's eye member 36 are arranged conjugate with the pattern surface of the mask M, respectively. The reason why the first positive lens element 36a constituting the first fly's eye member 36 has a rectangular outer shape is to efficiently illuminate the rectangular illumination area on the mask M.
- the relay optical system 38 is disposed in the optical path between the first fly eye member 36 and the second fly eye member 37.
- the relay optical system 38 includes one of the plurality of first positive lens elements 36a constituting the first fly eye member 36 and one of the plurality of second positive lens elements 37a constituting the second fly eye member 37, respectively.
- the light collected through one of the multiple first positive lens elements 36a is condensed again on or near the corresponding second positive lens element 37a so as to have a one-to-one imaging relationship. is doing.
- the distance between the first fly's eye member 36 and the second fly's eye member 37 can be set relatively freely without depending on the focal length of the first fly's eye member 36. .
- the first positive lens elements 36a constituting the first fly's eye member 36 are respectively conjugate with the pattern surface of the mask M (and thus the exposure surface of the wafer W). Is set. Therefore, when trying to increase the illumination efficiency according to the prior art, the first positive lens element 36a has a long and narrow rectangular shape similar to the outer shape of the illumination area of the mask M (and thus the static exposure area ER of the wafer W)! (See Fig. 11).
- the cross-sectional shape of the light beam incident on the optical integrator OP is substantially circular, the outer shape of the first fly's eye member 36 viewed from the light traveling direction force is circular to improve the illumination efficiency. A close shape (see Fig.
- first fly-eye member 36 it is necessary to arrange a sufficient number of first positive lens elements 36a in parallel in both the horizontal and vertical directions in order to obtain the required wavefront division effect. is there. For this reason, when the outer shape of the first positive lens element 36a is set to be an elongated rectangular shape similar to the outer shape of the static exposure region ER of the wafer W as in the prior art, the first positive lens elements 36a lined up along the short direction of the outer shape. The number of lens elements becomes excessive (see FIG. 12 (b)), which adversely affects the manufacturing cost of the first fly-eye member 36 and, in turn, the manufacturing cost of the optical integrator OP.
- the first positive lens element 36a since the first positive lens element 36a, the second positive lens element 37a, and the relay optical system 38 are each configured as a toric lens, the first positive lens element 36a
- the outer shape of the wafer can be set to a rectangular shape close to a square shape having a different aspect ratio from the outer shape of the static exposure region ER of the wafer W.
- the first fly-eye member 36 of the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 12 (a), the first positive lens elements 36a aligned along the short direction (vertical direction in the figure) of the rectangular outer shape. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the first fly-eye member 36 and the manufacturing cost of the optical integrator OP can be reduced.
- the mask for shot region SR is moved by synchronously moving mask M and wafer W with respect to projection optical system PL in accordance with the step “and” scan method.
- the pattern is scanned and exposed.
- a mask pattern for each shot region of the wafer W is kept with the mask M and the wafer W being stationary with respect to the projection optical system PL. The overall exposure can be repeated.
- the condenser optical system 39 In the second embodiment described above, light from the secondary light source (substantially surface light source formed in the vicinity of the exit surface of the optical integrator OP) is collected and superimposed by the condenser optical system 39.
- the mask M is illuminated.
- the illumination field stop mask blind
- an image of the illumination field stop are formed on the mask M in the optical path between the condenser optical system 39 and the mask M.
- An imaging optical system may be arranged.
- the condenser optical system 39 condenses the light from the secondary light source and illuminates the illumination field stop in a superimposed manner, and the imaging optical system has an aperture (light transmission part) of the illumination field stop.
- the imaging optical system has an aperture (light transmission part) of the illumination field stop.
- the illumination optical device illuminates the mask (reticle) (illumination process), and the transfer pattern formed on the mask using the projection optical system is applied to the photosensitive substrate.
- Microdevices semiconductor elements, imaging elements, liquid crystal display elements, thin film magnetic heads, etc.
- exposure process exposure process
- a metal film is deposited on one lot of wafers.
- a photoresist is applied onto the metal film on the one lot of wafers.
- the pattern image on the mask is sequentially exposed and transferred to each shot area on the wafer of one lot via the projection optical system.
- the photoresist on the one lot of wafers is developed, and in step 305, the resist pattern is etched on the one lot of wafers to form a pattern on the mask.
- Corresponding circuit pattern force is formed in each shot area on each wafer.
- devices such as semiconductor elements are manufactured by forming a circuit pattern of an upper layer. According to the semiconductor device manufacturing method described above, a semiconductor device having an extremely fine circuit pattern can be obtained with high throughput.
- a predetermined pattern is formed on a plate (glass substrate).
- a liquid crystal display element By forming (circuit pattern, electrode pattern, etc.), a liquid crystal display element as a microdevice can also be obtained.
- a so-called photolithography process is performed in which the exposure pattern of the above-described embodiment is used to transfer and expose a mask pattern onto a photosensitive substrate (such as a glass substrate coated with a resist).
- a photosensitive substrate such as a glass substrate coated with a resist.
- the exposed substrate is subjected to various processes such as a development process, an etching process, and a resist stripping process, whereby a predetermined pattern is formed on the substrate and the next color frame is formed.
- various processes such as a development process, an etching process, and a resist stripping process, whereby a predetermined pattern is formed on the substrate and the next color frame is formed.
- the process proceeds to the filter formation process 402.
- a large number of sets of three dots corresponding to R (Red), G (Green), and B (Blue) are arranged in a matrix, or R, G, A color filter is formed by arranging a set of filters of the three stripes B in the horizontal scanning line direction.
- a cell assembling step 403 is executed.
- a liquid crystal panel liquid crystal cell
- liquid crystal is injected between the substrate having the predetermined pattern obtained in the pattern formation step 401 and the color filter obtained in the color filter formation step 402 to obtain liquid crystal.
- Manufactures panels liquid crystal cells.
- components such as an electric circuit and a backlight for performing display operation of the assembled liquid crystal panel (liquid crystal cell) are attached to complete the liquid crystal display element.
- a liquid crystal display element having an extremely fine circuit pattern can be obtained with high throughput.
- the present invention is applied to an optical integrator that uniformizes illumination light that illuminates a surface to be illuminated in the illumination optical device.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention can also be applied to a typical wavefront division type optical integrator.
- the present invention is applied to the illumination optical apparatus that illuminates the mask in the exposure apparatus.
- the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the present invention is applied to the illumination optical device.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
- Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06712307A EP1811547A4 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-01-25 | OPTICAL INTEGRATOR, OPTICAL LIGHTING DEVICE, EXPOSURE DEVICE AND EXPOSURE METHOD |
JP2007501539A JPWO2006082738A1 (ja) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-01-25 | オプティカルインテグレータ、照明光学装置、露光装置、および露光方法 |
US11/647,252 US7471456B2 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-12-29 | Optical integrator, illumination optical device, exposure device, and exposure method |
IL182857A IL182857A0 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2007-04-29 | Optical integrator, illumination optical device, exposure device, and exposure method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005-027528 | 2005-02-03 | ||
JP2005027528 | 2005-02-03 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/647,252 Continuation US7471456B2 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-12-29 | Optical integrator, illumination optical device, exposure device, and exposure method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006082738A1 true WO2006082738A1 (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
Family
ID=36777126
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2006/301112 WO2006082738A1 (ja) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-01-25 | オプティカルインテグレータ、照明光学装置、露光装置、および露光方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7471456B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1811547A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2006082738A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070100964A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101069267A (ja) |
IL (1) | IL182857A0 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200629007A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006082738A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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---|---|
US7471456B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 |
EP1811547A4 (en) | 2010-06-02 |
IL182857A0 (en) | 2007-08-19 |
TW200629007A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
CN101069267A (zh) | 2007-11-07 |
US20070132977A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
JPWO2006082738A1 (ja) | 2008-06-26 |
KR20070100964A (ko) | 2007-10-15 |
EP1811547A1 (en) | 2007-07-25 |
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