WO2006053485A1 - Vaccin genique contre le bacille mycobacterium tuberculosis obtenu a partir d’un gene chimere et procede de preparation dudit vaccin - Google Patents

Vaccin genique contre le bacille mycobacterium tuberculosis obtenu a partir d’un gene chimere et procede de preparation dudit vaccin Download PDF

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WO2006053485A1
WO2006053485A1 PCT/CN2005/001914 CN2005001914W WO2006053485A1 WO 2006053485 A1 WO2006053485 A1 WO 2006053485A1 CN 2005001914 W CN2005001914 W CN 2005001914W WO 2006053485 A1 WO2006053485 A1 WO 2006053485A1
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gene
chimeric
mycobacterium tuberculosis
ag85a
sequence
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PCT/CN2005/001914
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French (fr)
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Zhongming Li
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Zhongming Li
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/195Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
    • C07K14/35Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Mycobacteriaceae (F)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/02Bacterial antigens
    • A61K39/04Mycobacterium, e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/04Antibacterial agents
    • A61P31/06Antibacterial agents for tuberculosis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/51Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising whole cells, viruses or DNA/RNA
    • A61K2039/53DNA (RNA) vaccination

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a novel vaccine technology in the field of biomedicine, and specifically relates to a Mycobacterium tuberculosis chimeric gene vaccine which is developed by the gene chimeric technology and represents the third vaccine revolution. Background technique
  • BCG has no immunoprotective effect on adult tuberculosis, coupled with the increasing isolation rate of multi-antibiotic tuberculosis strains and the increase in cases of AIDS complicated with tuberculosis, tuberculosis has become the most dangerous infectious disease threatening human life and health.
  • Finding a new vaccine that is better than BCG vaccine has become a hotspot and a hot topic in the world for research and development of new vaccines against adult tuberculosis.
  • the DNA vaccine also known as genetic vaccine
  • a DNA vaccine was immunized with a "naked engineering plasmid" produced by E. coli.
  • a plasmid also referred to as a vector or plasmid vector or vector plasmid, is a circular supercoiled DNA that can replicate and express independently of the chromosome in E. coli cells.
  • a DNA vaccine is a gene that genetically engineeres an E. coli plasmid into which a preferred antigenic protein encoding a pathogen is inserted, preferably an immunopotentiating cytokine, such as an interleukin 12 (IL-12), a cell colony stimulating factor (GM).
  • IL-12 interleukin 12
  • GM cell colony stimulating factor
  • the plasmid can express the encoded antigen in the relevant cells, particularly antigen-processing cells (APC), and induce the body to produce body fluids and cells.
  • APC antigen-processing cells
  • the well-prepared plasmid DNA currently developed for different types of pathogens can be used in eukaryotic expression vector JW4303, or pcDNA3.1, or pVAXl series, but mainly using the FDA recommended anti-Kanamycin antibiotic for human body.
  • the E. coli plasmid pVAXl was transformed.
  • the eukaryotic expression vector plasmid is transformed into Escherichia coli (referred to as an engineered strain at this time), and under optimized conditions, the engineered bacteria are cultured to promote the proliferation of the bacteria, and the plasmid in the bacteria is copied into multiple copies.
  • the bacteria are collected, and the bacteria are lysed under appropriate conditions to release the plasmid; after collection, the impurities are removed, and the plasmid is purified, and can be used as a DNA vaccine or a genetic vaccine for vaccination.
  • a successful example is the coding gene for HIV V3 encoded in the gene encoding hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg).
  • the V3 epitope of the HIV coat protein antigen is a very important protective antigen to determine sputum, but due to its small molecular weight, it is difficult to induce a strong immune response.
  • the gene encoding HIV V3 was chimeric in a gene encoding hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg), and as a result, this chimeric gene was able to induce a humoral and cellular immune response specific against HIV V3 (Bryder, "Imoroved immunogenicity Of HIV-1 epitopes in HbsAg chimeric DNA vaccine plasmids by structural mutations of HbsAg", DNA and Cell Biology, 18(3): 219-225, 1999).
  • HbsAg hepatitis B surface antigen
  • the protein antigen of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protective antigen ESAT6 gene encoding the immunogenicity and the immunogenicity of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protective antigen Ag85b gene have been fused together.
  • the chimeric approach has the potential to chimeric a small gene in the middle of a large gene, enhancing the immunogenicity of the weak gene without affecting the immunological activity of the large gene expression product.
  • no studies have been reported on the use of chimeric gene technology in the construction of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene vaccine.
  • the present inventors have surprisingly discovered that the novel E. coli mosaic is produced by fitting the ESAT6 gene encoding the minimal M. tuberculosis protective antigen into the gene encoding the most immunoprotective Ag85a antigen by gene chimeric technology.
  • the genetic vaccine has shown superior immunity to single-gene vaccines in animal experiments, and its induced anti-ESAT6 antibody and anti-Ag85a antibody are higher than those produced by single-gene vaccine or two-gene fusion vaccine, and thus may be used in actual vaccines. .
  • the chimeric Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene vaccine of the present invention comprises the Mycobacterium tuberculosis structural protein Ag85a gene shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 gene shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein the ESAT6 gene is chimeric in the sequence of the Ag85a gene.
  • the Ag85a gene is ligated into a eukaryotic expression vector.
  • the preparation method of the chimeric Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene vaccine of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the chimeric gene vaccine HG856 was obtained by ligating the digested product of the step (4) with a ligase.
  • the present inventors searched for the epitope of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis structural protein Ag85a gene by Epitope Informatics of the computer software service company Intenet-based applied bioinformatics company, and found that the epitope was mainly concentrated at the amino terminus and the carboxy terminus of Ag85a (D'Souza). "Mapping of murine Thl helper T-cell epitopes of mycolyl transferases Ag85A, Ag85B, and Ag85C from Mycobacterium tuberculosis", Infection and Immunity, 7(l): 483-493, 2003).
  • the sequences recognized by the following restriction enzymes can be found, which are the Kpn l recognition sequences at positions 245-250, respectively; and the Pst l recognition sequences at positions 325-330. ; and the Acc I identification sequence at positions 430-435.
  • the restriction endonuclease site of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a gene (SEQ ID NO: 1), the restriction endonuclease Kpn I recognition sequence at position 245-250 (GGTACC), and the restriction of the 325-330 (CTGCAG) position Endonuclease Pst l recognition sequence and/or restriction endonuclease Acc I recognition sequence at position 430-435 (GTCTAC), inserting other smaller gene sequences, such as the gene ESAT6 encoding the Mycobacterium tuberculosis protective antigen (sequence 2), can be constructed into a chimeric tuberculosis gene vaccine.
  • the present inventors designed primers a and primers b with restriction endonucleases Nhe ⁇ (GCTAGC) and BamH I (GGATCC ) recognition sites, and amplified the Ag85a parental gene from the chromosomal DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by PCR.
  • the endonucleases Nhe I and BamH I digested the Ag85a gene and the eukaryotic expression vector, respectively, and then ligated the digested products of both to construct a plasmid containing the parent gene HG85.
  • the present inventors also designed primers carrying a Kpn I restriction endonuclease recognition sequence, a Pst I restriction endonuclease recognition sequence or an Acc I restriction endonuclease recognition sequence at the 5' end, respectively, for the ESAT6 minigene PCR amplification.
  • Eukaryotic expression vector containing the Ag85a parental gene and primers carrying the Kpn I restriction endonuclease recognition sequence at the 5' end were separately digested with Kpn I restriction enzyme, and then the ESAT6 minigene PCR amplification product was obtained.
  • the digested products were ligated with ligase, and the correct orientation was selected to construct a tuberculosis chimeric gene vaccine HG856K (HG856-1) plasmid.
  • the eukaryotic expression vector containing the Ag85a parent gene and the ESAT6 minigene PCR amplification product obtained by the primer carrying the Acc I restriction endonuclease recognition sequence at the 5' end were separately digested with Acc I restriction enzyme, and then both were The digestive products were ligated with ligase, and the correct orientation was selected to construct a Mycobacterium tuberculosis chimeric gene vaccine HG856A (HG856-2) plasmid.
  • the eukaryotic expression vector containing the Ag85a parental gene and the ESAT6 minigene PCR amplification product obtained by using the primer of the Pst I restriction endonuclease recognition sequence at the 5' end were separately digested with Pst I restriction endonuclease, and then both were The digested products were ligated with ligase, and the correct orientation was selected to construct a Mycobacterium tuberculosis chimeric gene vaccine HG856P (HG856-3) plasmid.
  • the chimeric gene vaccine for preventing tuberculosis of the present invention is a relatively small tuberculosis bacillus.
  • the ESAT6 gene is inserted into a suitable site of the relatively large M. tuberculosis Ag85a parental gene.
  • the chimeric Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene vaccines HG856K and HG856A plasmids were constructed by inserting the ESAT6 gene into the Kpn I recognition sequence site at positions 245-250 of the Ag85a parental gene and the Acc I recognition sequence site at positions 430-435. Immunogenicity is preferred.
  • the present invention employs a gene chimeric technique to encode the ESAT6 gene encoding the minimal M. tuberculosis protective antigen.
  • the novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis chimeric gene vaccine which is chimeric into the gene encoding the most immunoprotective A g 85a antigen, shows an immune effect superior to that of a single gene vaccine in animal experiments, which induces the production of anti-ESAT6 and Anti-Ag85a antibodies are produced more than single gene vaccines or two gene fusion vaccines.
  • Figure 1 shows the difference between a fusion gene and a chimeric gene.
  • Figure 2 is a construction diagram of the eukaryotic expression vector HG85-pVAX1 containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a parent gene.
  • Fig. 3 is a view showing the construction of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis chimeric gene vaccine HG856 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows the fusion protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a and ESAT6 expressed in vitro by the chimeric gene vaccine HG856.
  • Figure 5 shows the results of immunoblotting of the Ag85a protein expressed by the chimeric gene vaccine HG856 in vitro.
  • Figure 6 shows the changes in the levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a-specific antibodies in the serum of mice after booster immunization.
  • Figure 7 shows the changes in the levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6-specific antibodies in the serum of mice after booster immunization.
  • Figure 8 shows changes in the levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a-specific antibodies in monkey serum after booster immunization.
  • Figure 9 shows changes in the levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6-specific antibodies in monkey serum following booster immunization.
  • Primer a is identical to the 5' end of the Ag85a gene coding sequence and is complementary to the nucleotide sequence 2 to 22 encoding the structural protein Ag85a gene (see Sequence 1). At its 5th end, it contains a Nhe I (GCTAGC) digestion recognition sequence.
  • GCTAGC Nhe I
  • the bow b is identical to the 3' end of the Ag85a gene coding sequence and is complementary to the nucleotide sequences 869 to 885 of the Ag85a gene. It contains a BamH I (GGATCC) digestion recognition sequence at its 5' end.
  • the Mycobacterium tuberculosis standard strain H37RV chromosomal DNA was used as a template, and high-fidelity pf DNA polymerase was used for PCR reaction to amplify Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a gene.
  • the amount of template, the amount of primers, the amount of enzyme, and the buffer used were all carried out according to the conventional method of genetic engineering molecular cloning technology (see J. Sambrook, DW Russell, Huang Peitang, etc.) "Molecular Cloning Experimental Guide", third Edition, 597-632 pages, August 2002, Science Press, Beijing).
  • the concentrations of the four dNTPs were 20 w M and the concentration of Mg 2+ was 1.5 mM.
  • Nhe I (GCTAGC) and BamH I (GGATCC) restriction endonuclease sites were introduced into primer a and primer b in Example 1, respectively, and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a gene fragment obtained by PCR technique and the eukaryotic expression vector pVAXl were obtained.
  • Plasmid purchased from Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA
  • 10 units of Nhe I and BamH I restriction enzymes 1 ⁇ g each, add 10 units of Nhe I and BamH I restriction enzymes, and mix in 50 ⁇ l of reaction buffer (according to each enzyme kit) Instructions for use in buffer), 37 ⁇ digestion for 1 hour, by conventional agarose gel electrophoresis separation and gel DNA recovery method (according to J.
  • the engineered bacteria were cultured in a medium containing kanamycin, collected by centrifugation, and the plasmid was extracted by alkaline lysis, and digested with two different enzymes, Nhe l and BamH I, and the products were subjected to agar electrophoresis to verify the correct positive clone. , select the correct plasmid containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene HG85 for subsequent chimeric manipulation.
  • DNA ligation using Promega's kit, follow the instructions: Mix 1 ⁇ l of T4 ligase, 1 ⁇ l of 10 X buffer, 7 ⁇ l of Ag85a DNA fragment, 1 ⁇ l of pVAX1 plasmid fragment, and mix Connected overnight at 14 °C. (See J. Sambrook, D. W. Russell, Huang Peitang, et al., "Guidelines for Molecular Cloning," Third Edition, pp. 85-86, August 2002, Science Press, Beijing).
  • the ligated pVAX1 plasmid (gene recombinant HG85 cloning plasmid) containing the Ag85a gene was added to competent cells of Escherichia coli DG1 or DH5a, and the cells were transformed by reaction at 37 ° C for 1 hour. 200 ⁇ l of the agar medium plate containing kanamycin was taken out, and the bacteria were spread and cultured for 37-18 hours at 37 °C.
  • the pVAX1 vector plasmid contains an anti-kanamycin gene, and thus E. coli successfully transformed with the recombinant HG85 cloning vector plasmid can grow into a colony on this medium. Monoclonal colonies were selected and inoculated into 3 ml of the culture medium containing kanamycin, and cultured at 37 ° C, shaking at 200 rpm for about 14 hours. Remove 1 ml of the bacterial solution at 12000 rpm.
  • the lignin c is identical to the 5' end of the ESAT6 gene coding sequence and is complementary to the nucleotide sequences 1 to 18 of the ESAT6 gene, and contains a Kpn l restriction recognition sequence at the 5th end.
  • Primer d is identical to the 3' end of the ESAT6 gene coding sequence and is complementary to the 268th to 285th nucleotide sequences of the ESAT6 gene, and also contains a Kpn I restriction recognition sequence at the 5' end.
  • the Mycobacterium tuberculosis standard strain H37RV chromosomal DNA was used as a template, and a high-fidelity pfu DNA polymerase was used for PCR reaction to amplify the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 gene.
  • the amount of template, the amount of primers, the amount of enzyme, and the buffer used were all carried out according to the conventional methods of genetic engineering molecular cloning techniques (see J. Sambrook, DW Russell, Huang Peitang, etc.) Guide to Molecular Cloning, Third Edition, 85-86 pages, August 2002, Science Press, Beijing).
  • the concentrations of the four dNTPs were 20 ⁇ and the Mg 2+ concentration was 1.5 mM; the denaturation, annealing, and extension temperatures were 94 ° C, 55 ° C, and 72 ° C, respectively, and the time was 1 minute.
  • the ESAT6 gene DNA sequence was obtained.
  • the HG85-pVAX1 plasmid containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene Ag85a obtained in Example 2 was digested with Kpn I restriction enzyme to obtain a fragment thereof, and the DNA sequence fragment of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 gene having the Kpn I digestion recognition sequence obtained above was obtained.
  • a method substantially similar to that of Example 2 agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragment recovery in gel and DNA ligation
  • two fragments were ligated with T4 ligase, and the ESAT6 gene DNA sequence was inserted into the Mycobacterium tuberculosis A g 85a gene.
  • the sequence of the 249 Kpn I enzyme recognition site was substantially similar to that of Example 2 (agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragment recovery in gel and DNA ligation).
  • the recombinant clone was transformed into competent E. coli as described above, and plated with kanamycin agar. After selecting 3-5 positive colonies for a small amount of bacteria, the plasmid DNA was extracted as a template; according to the Ag85a gene, it was close to ESAT6. The sequence of the 5'-end junction of the gene, a pair of primers were designed and PCR amplified, and the Ag85a gene and the ESAT6 gene junction of the amplified product were sequenced, and the insertion direction was selected to construct the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a and ESAT6 genes. A chimeric genetic vaccine HG856K plasmid.
  • the bower I is 5' to the ESAT6 gene coding sequence and is complementary to the 1st to 18th nucleotide sequences of the ESAT6 gene. At its 5th end, it contains an encutase recognition sequence of Acc I.
  • the bower i is identical to the 3 of the ESAT6 gene coding sequence and is complementary to the nucleotide sequence 268 to 285 of the ESAT6 gene. It also contains an En 1 recognition sequence for Acc I at its 5' end.
  • primer e and primer f using the chromosomal DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis standard strain H37RV as a template, PCR was carried out with high-fidelity pfti DNA polymerase.
  • the amount of template, the amount of primers, the amount of enzyme, and the buffer used were all cloned by genetic engineering. Conventional methods are carried out (see J. Sambrook, DW Russell, Huang Peitang et al., "Molecular Cloning Experimental Guide", Third Edition, pp. 85-86, August 2002, Science Press, Beijing).
  • the concentrations of the four dNTPs were 20 ⁇ , the Mg 2+ concentration was 1.5 mM, and the denaturation, annealing, and extension temperatures were 94 ° C, 55 ° C, and 72 ° C, respectively, and the time was 1 minute.
  • Get ESAT6 base cause
  • the HG85-pVAX1 plasmid containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene Ag85a obtained in Example 2 was digested with Acc I restriction enzyme to obtain a fragment thereof, and the DNA of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 gene having the Acc I endonuclease recognition sequence obtained above was obtained.
  • Sequence fragment according to a method substantially similar to that of Example 2 (agarose gel electrophoresis, DNA fragment recovery in gel and DNA ligation), the two fragments were ligated with T4 ligase, and the ESAT6 gene DNA sequence was inserted into the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a gene sequence.
  • the recombinant clone was transformed into competent E. coli as described above, and plated with kanamycin agar. After selecting 3-5 positive colonies, a small amount of bacteria was added, and then extracted. Using plasmid DNA as a template; according to the sequence of the Ag85a gene near the 5'-end junction of the ESAT6 gene, a pair of primers were designed and PCR amplified, and the Ag85a gene and ESAT6 gene junction of the amplified product were sequenced, and the insertion direction was selected correctly.
  • the gene vaccine HG856A plasmid containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a and ESAT6 genes was constructed.
  • Primer g is identical to the 5' end of the ESAT6 gene coding sequence and is complementary to the 1st to 18th nucleotide sequences of the ESAT6 gene. It contains a Pst I restriction recognition sequence at its 5' end.
  • the bower I is identical to the 3' end of the ESAT6 gene coding sequence and is complementary to the 268th to 285th nucleotide sequences of the ESAT6 gene. It also contains a Pst I restriction recognition sequence at its 5' end.
  • the sequence of the Pst I restriction site was designed in the primer, and the ESAT6 gene PCR product containing the restriction site was digested with Pst I restriction enzyme, and then inserted.
  • the recombinant clone was transformed into competent E.
  • the T N T in vitro transcription and translation system kit (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) was used to verify the expression of the chimeric Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene HG856 in vitro. Contains 0.25 ⁇ g of chimeric Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene HG856 plasmid DNA and 9 ⁇ l of T N T T7 rapid reaction stock solution in a 12.5 ⁇ l reaction system according to the experimental procedure described in the Promega instructions of the United States, with 400 ⁇ per ml Ci [S 35 ] labeled methionine was mixed and incubated at 30 ° C for 90 minutes.
  • Lanes 1 to 5 are proteins expressed by five clones of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene to be screened.
  • the molecular weight of the cloned protein expressed in lane 4 was approximately 42 kDa, as compared to the 29 kDa and 44 kDa bands of standard protein molecular weight.
  • the molecular weight of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a protein antigen is about 32kDa; while the molecular weight of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ESAT6 protein antigen is about 10kDa, and the sum of the two is about 42kDa.
  • lane 4 is the product expressed by the chimeric tuberculosis gene HG856.
  • Experimental Example 2 Western blotting experiment The 0.25 ⁇ g of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein antigen Ag85a and the molecular weight marker protein were subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel vertical electrophoresis, and then the protein was transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane by a method of 100 V electrotransfer for 1.5 hours.
  • the first column is the molecular weight marker protein; the second column is the Ag85a single gene vaccine; the third column is the HG856A chimeric gene (inserted at the 432-position of the Ag85a gene); the fourth column is the HG856K chimeric gene ( Inserted into the 249th Kpnl cleavage site of the Ag85a gene).
  • SPF Specific Pathogen Free animal house words provided by the Animal Center of Shanghai Second Military Medical University.
  • protein After immunization with three nucleic acid vaccines, protein is used for final booster immunization.
  • mice 40 female BALB/C mice were randomly divided into 8 groups, 5 in each group: group 1-2 (ESAT6 single gene vaccine), group 3-4 (Ag85a single gene vaccine), group 5-6 (HG856A chimeric gene vaccine), Groups 7-8 (HG856K chimeric gene vaccine).
  • the single array was the intramuscular injection group, which was injected 100 ug/time into the tibialis anterior muscle respectively.
  • the double array was intramuscularly injected and then transfected into the anterior tibialis anterior muscle for 10 yg/time, and immunized once every two weeks for 3 times. . On the 10th day after the last immunization, the serum collected and separated from the tail vein was measured for ELISA by ELISA.
  • the gene immunization has produced a specific immune response, that is, 8-12 days after the third gene vaccine immunization, the corresponding Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein antigen is used for intraperitoneal vaccination to boost the immunization, 50 g/mouse.
  • the animals were anesthetized and sacrificed to harvest whole blood. The centrifuged serum was stored at - 20 °C.
  • Protein protein M white matter protein before strengthening After strengthening, strengthening before strengthening
  • the GMT of the non-immunized control group was 9.7.
  • Intraperitoneal injection of 50 ug of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a protein antigen was used as booster.
  • La is the Ag85a single gene vaccine before inoculation, lb is after Ag85a single gene vaccine;
  • Ha is vaccinated with HG856A before vaccination for HG856A;
  • Illb was vaccinated with HG856K.
  • the electro-transfection method Ag85a single-gene vaccination is only 1/10 of the amount of intramuscular injection, the effect is comparable, or even slightly better; Ag85a single gene or chimeric gene
  • the effect of the vaccine was not significantly different.
  • the chimeric gene vaccine was not as effective as single-gene vaccine when it was injected intramuscularly; however, the electro-transfected chimeric gene vaccine was superior to the single-gene vaccine and was superior to simple intramuscular injection. It is suggested that the chimeric gene vaccine can be used as a basic vaccination for electroporation, and further enhanced by protein vaccine has a good application prospect.
  • Table 2 ESAT6-specific antibody levels of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mouse serum after vaccination with tuberculosis gene vaccine and corresponding protein vaccine
  • ESAT6 strengthens ESAT6+Ag85a strengthens before strengthening strengthens before strengthening before strengthening strengthening before strengthening
  • the ESAT6 antigen is a weak antigen, which is much weaker than the Ag85a antigen. It is difficult to induce a strong immune response after vaccination, but its immunogenicity is enhanced after chimerization in Ag85a.
  • the ESAT6 single-gene vaccination is only 1/10 of the amount of intramuscular injection by electrotransfection, and the effect is comparable; the protein vaccine enhances the pre-ESAT6 single gene or chimeric gene vaccine. The effect is similar.
  • the ESAT6 single gene vaccine was not effective in muscle or electrotransfection alone; the chimeric gene HG856A vaccine was slightly better than the ESAT6 single gene vaccine and the chimeric gene HG856K vaccine when it was injected intramuscularly; The two chimeric genes HG856A and HG856K vaccines were significantly better than single-gene vaccines, and were much better than simple intramuscular injections. Especially when enhanced with protein antigen, whether it is enhanced with ESAT6 antigen or ESAT6 and Ag85a, it can significantly enhance the immunogenicity of the weak antigen ESAT6.
  • the chimeric gene vaccine can be used as a basic vaccination for electroporation, and the use of protein vaccine enhancement has a good application prospect.
  • protein vaccine enhancement has a good application prospect.
  • the chimeric tuberculosis gene vaccine described herein is suitable for basal immunization.
  • the results of this experimental example show that: The novel chimeric tuberculosis gene vaccine can simultaneously induce specific antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Ag85a and ESAT6 in mice, and the effect is better than Ag85a single gene vaccine and ESAT6 single gene vaccine.
  • Basic immunization Experimental Example 4 Mycobacterium tuberculosis chimeric gene HG856 plasmid-inoculated rhesus monkey (Rhesus monkey) induced serum-specific antibody immune response (ELISA method) Materials and methods -
  • Group 1 ESAT6 single gene vaccine
  • Group 2 ESAT6 inserted into the Ag85a249 site of the chimeric gene vaccine HG856K
  • Group 3 ESAT6 inserted at the Ag85a432 site of the chimeric gene vaccine HG856A.
  • the monkeys were anesthetized with ketamine, they were intramuscularly injected into the thighs and arms of the muscles at 500 g/time.
  • the corresponding Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein antigen was used for muscle inoculation to boost the immunization, 500 ⁇ g/head.
  • the animals were anesthetized and sacrificed to harvest whole blood. The centrifuged serum was stored at -20 °C.

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Description

结核杆菌嵌合基因疫苗及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药范畴的新型疫苗技术, 具体涉及釆用基因嵌合技术研制 的代表第三次疫苗革命的结核杆菌嵌合型基因疫苗。 背景技术
由于卡介苗对成人肺结核没有免疫保护作用, 加上耐多种抗菌素结核菌菌株 分离率的日趋增高, 以及艾滋病并发结核杆菌感染病例的增多, 结核病已经成为 威胁人类生命和健康的最危险的传染病之一。 寻找一种比卡介苗免疫保护效果更 好的新型疫苗, 已经成为当今世界研究和开发能预防成人结核病新疫苗的热点和 当务之急。 只具有 10年历史的 DNA疫苗 (也称为基因疫苗)技术, 由于其众多的 优点, 引发了第三次疫苗革命, 为长期以来一些无法预防或者预防效果不佳的传 染病, 例如艾滋病, 流感, 疟疾和结核病等的预防带来了希望的曙光。
DNA疫苗釆用大肠杆菌产生的 "裸工程质粒"进行免疫接种。 质粒,也称为 载体或质粒载体或载体质粒,是大肠杆菌细胞内能独立于染色体进行复制和表达 的环形超螺旋 DNA。 DNA疫苗是将大肠杆菌质粒经基因工程改造, 在其中插入 了编码病原体的优选抗原蛋白质的基因、 优选的免疫增强细胞因子, 如编码白细 胞介素 12 (IL-12)、 细胞集落刺激因子 (GM-CSF) 的基因或 CpG佐剂基序, 以 及适合于人类细胞的启动子等元件, 和适当的抗菌素抗性基因等构建的基因重组 (工程)质粒。将纯化的工程质粒 DNA注射入人体肌肉等部位进入细胞后,此质粒 能在有关的细胞,特别是抗原加工处理细胞 (Antigen Present Cell, APC) 中表达所 编码的抗原,诱导机体产生体液和细胞免疫应答反应来抵御病原体的感染。 目前 研制的针对不同类病原体的精心制备的质粒 DNA,可采用真核表达载体 JW4303, 或 pcDNA3.1, 或 pVAXl系列等质粒, 但主要釆用美国 FDA推荐的可用于人体 的卡那霉素抗性大肠杆菌质粒 pVAXl 改造而成。 将真核表达载体质粒转化入大 肠杆菌中 (此时称作工程菌), 在优化的条件下, ·培养工程菌, 使细養增殖, 菌 中的质粒复制成多个拷贝.适当时离心沉淀收集细菌,在适当的条件下裂解细菌释 放出质粒; 收集后去除杂质, 纯化质粒, 即可作为 DNA疫苗或基因疫苗用于接种。
目前认为单基因的结核病 DNA疫苗在大动物实验中的免疫效果不够理想 (Gregorialdis, "Genetic vaccines: strategies for optimization", Pharmaceutical Research, 15:661-670, 1998); 釆用将两个抗原编码基因融合的方法构建的双基因 疫苗, 虽然优于单基因疫苗, 能够达到用一种载体表达两种不同抗原的目的, 但 是两者之间没有协同的增效作用, 也即融合基因疫苗诱导的免疫应答并不比单基 因疫苗的效果好 ( Stevenson, "DNA fusion gene vaccines against cancer: from laboratory to the clinic", Immunology Research, 199:156-180, 2004)。 近几年的研究 发现, 在细胞水平上将两种病毒嵌合在一起, 有时能产生一种副作用小, 而免疫 原性更强的嵌合性病毒疫苗 (Mathenge, "Fusion PCR generated Japanese encephalitis virus/dengue 4 virus chimera exhibits lack of neuroinvasivensess, attenuated neurovirulence, and a dual-flavi immune response in mice", Journal of
General Virology, 85:2503-2513, 2004)o 基于类似的原理, 有的科学家在分子水平 上将来源于同一病原微生物的基因嵌合在一起产生嵌合性基因疫苗, 获得了较好 的效果 (Domingo, "Immunological properties of a DNA plasmid encoding a chimeric protein of herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein B and glycoprotein D", Vaccine, 21(25-26):3565-3574, 2003)。 还有人尝试利用嵌合基因技术将一种免疫原性比较 弱的基因嵌合于另外一种病原微生物基因中, 来提高弱抗原的免疫原性, 此即异 源性嵌合基因技术。 其成功的例子有乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HbsAg) 的编码基因中 嵌合了艾滋病病毒 V3的编码基因。艾滋病病毒外壳蛋白抗原的 V3表位是非常重 要的保护性抗原决定蔟, 但是由于其分子量较小, 难以诱导出较强的免疫应答。 然而, 将编码 HIV V3的基因嵌合在编码乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HbsAg) 的基因中, 结果这种嵌合基因能诱导出特异性抗 HIV V3的体液和细胞免疫应答(Bryder, "Imoroved immunogenicity of HIV- 1 epitopes in HbsAg chimeric DNA vaccine plasmids by structural mutations of HbsAg", DNA and Cell Biology, 18(3):219-225, 1999)。
在结核病新型疫苗的研究工作中, 有人曾将编码免疫原性比较差的结核杆菌 保护性抗原 ESAT6基因和编码免疫原性比较强的结核杆菌保护性抗原 Ag85b基 因融合在一起, 其表达的蛋白抗原具有较大的分子量, 有利于提高小分子 ESAT6 抗原的免疫原性; 然而, 将编码 ESAT6的基因连接在编码 Ag85B基因的氨基端 和羧基端的效果有很 '大的区别, 后者不如前者 (师长宏, "结核分枝杆菌分泌蛋 白 Ag85b-ESAT6的融合表达及纯化",中华结核和呼吸杂志, 27 (2) :89-92,2004)。 而且, 由于蛋白质的抗原表位一般都集中在其氨基端和羧基端, '融合连接方式是 否可能会影响所表达的抗原的免疫学特性还有待研究。 然而, 嵌合方法有可能将 一个小的基因嵌合在大基因的中间部位, 在增强弱基因免疫原性的同时不影响大 基因表达产物的免疫活性。 但是迄今为止, 在结核杆菌基因疫苗构建的研究中, 未见采用嵌合基因技术并获得成功的报道。
本发明者令人 t 奇地发现, 采用基因嵌合技术将编码最小的结核杆菌保护性 抗原的 ESAT6基因嵌合到编码最具免疫保护效果的 Ag85a抗原的基因中, 产生 的新型结核杆菌嵌合基因疫苗在动物实验中显示出优于单基因疫苗的免疫效果, 其诱导产生的抗 ESAT6抗体和抗 Ag85a抗体都比单基因疫苗或二基因融合疫苗 产生的高, 从而有可能运用于实际疫苗中。
本发明的目的在于提供一种免疫原性提高的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗。 本发明的目的还在于提供这种嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗的制备方法。 发明概述
本发明的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗包含序列 1所示的编码结核杆菌结构蛋白 Ag85a基因和序列 2所示的编码结核杆菌 ESAT6基因, 其中所述 ESAT6基因嵌 合在 Ag85a基因的序列中, 所述 Ag85a基因连接于真核表达载体中。
序列 1
1 TTTTCCCGGC CGGGCTTGCC GGTGGAGTAC CTGCAGGTGC CGTCGCCGTC GATGGGCCGT '
61 GACATCAAGG TCCAATTCCA AAGTGGTGGT GCCAACTCGC CCGCCCTGTA CCTGCTCGAC
121 GGCCTGCGCG CGCAGGACG¾ CTTCAGCGGC TGGGACATCA ACACCCCGGC GTTCGAGTGG
181 TACGACCAGT CGGGCCTGTC GGTGGTCATG CCGGTGGGTG GCCAGTCAAG CTTCTACTCC
241 ACTGGTACC AGCCCGCC7G CGGChAGGCC GGTTGCCAGA CTTACAAGTG GGAGACCTTC
301 CTGACCAGCG AGCTGCCGGG GTGGCTGCAG GGCAACAGGC ACGTCAAGCC CACCGGAAGC
361 GCCGTCGTCG GTCTTTCGAT GGCTGCTTCT TCGGCGCTGA CGCTGGCGAT CTATCACCCC
421 CAGCAGTTCG TCTACGCGGG AGCGATGTCG GGCCTGTTGG ACCCCTCCCA GGCGMGGGT
481 CCCACCCTGA TCGGCCTGGC GATGGGTGAC GCTGGCGGCT ACAAGGCCTC CGACMGTGG
541 GGCCCGAAGG AGGACCCGGC GTGGCAGCGC AACGACCCGC TGTTGAACGT CGGGRAGCTG
601 ATCGCCAACA ACACCCGCGT CTGGGTGmC TGCGGCMCG GCAAGCCGTC GGATCTGGGT
661 GGCAACAACC TGCCGGCCAA GTTCCTCGAG GGCTTCGTGC GGACCAGCAA CATCAAGTTC 721 CAAGACGCCT ACAACGCCGG TGGCGGCCAC AACGGCGTGT TCGACTTCCC GGACAGCGGT 781 ACGCACAGCT GGGAGTACTG GGGCGCGCAG CTCAACGCTA TGAAGCCCGA CCTGCAACGG
841 GCACTGGGTG CCACGCCCAA CACCGGGCCC GCGCCCCAGG GCGCCTAG 序列 2
1 ATGGCAGAGC AGCAGTGGAA TTTCGCGGGT ATCGAGGCCG CGGCAAGCGC AATCCAGGGT
61 AATGTCACCT CCATTCATTC CCTCCTTGAC GAGGGGAAGC AGTCCCTGAC CAAGCTCGCA
121 GCGGCCTGGG GCGGTAGCGG TTCGGAGGCG TACCAGGGTG TCCAGCAAAA ATGGGACGCC
181 ACGGCTACCG. AGCTGAACAA CGCGCTGCAG AACCTGGCGC GGACGATCAG CGAAGCCGGT ( 241 CAGGCAATGG CTTCGACCGA AGGCAACGTC ACTGGGATGT TCGCATAG 本发明的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗的制备方法包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 用序列 3所示引物 a和序列 4所示引物 b以聚合酶链反应扩增 Ag85a 基因序列;
(2)用内切酶 Nhe l ^B BamH I分别消化 Ag85a基因和真核表达载体,并用 连接酶连接二者的消化产物, 构建成含基因 Ag85a的 HG85质粒;
(3) 先选择 ESAT6基因将要在 Ag85a基因中插入的位点, 然后用一对带有 与插入 Ag85a基因中内切酶识别序列相同的引物扩增 ESAT6基因;
(4)用可识别上述内切酶识别序列的内切酶分别消化含基因 HG85的质粒和 ESAT6基因;
(5) 用连接酶连接步骤 (4) 的消化产物, 获得嵌合基因疫苗 HG856。
发明详述
本发明者通过计算机软件服务公司 Intenet-based applied bioinformatics company的 Epitope Informatics对结核杆菌结构蛋白 Ag85a基因的抗原表位进行搜 索, 发现其抗原表位主要集中在 Ag85a的氨基端和羧基端(D'Souza, "Mapping of murine Thl helper T-cell epitopes of mycolyl transferases Ag85A, Ag85B, and Ag85C from Mycobacterium tuberculosis", Infection and Immunity, 7(l):483-493, 2003 )。在 不含抗原表位的 Ag85a母体基因中间区段,可找到以下限制性内切酶所识别的序 列, 它们分别是第 245-250位的 Kpn l识别序列; 第 325-330的 Pst l识别序列; 及第 430-435位的 Acc I识别序列。 在结核杆菌 Ag85a基因(序列 1 )的上述限制性内切酶位点,即位于第 245-250 ( GGTACC)位的限制性内切酶 Kpn I识别序列、 第 325-330 (CTGCAG)位的限制 性内切酶 Pst l识别序列和 /或第 430-435 (GTCTAC) 位的限制性内切酶 Acc I识 别序列, 插入其它较小的基因序列, 如编码结核杆菌保护性抗原的基因 ESAT6 (序列 2) , 可构建成嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗。
本发明者设计了带有限制性内切酶 Nhe Γ ( GCTAGC) 和 BamH I (GGATCC ) 识别位点的引物 a和引物 b, 用 PCR技术从结核杆菌染色体 DNA扩增 Ag85a母体 基因, 并用限制性内切酶 Nhe I和 BamH I分别消化 Ag85a基因和真核表达载体, 然后用连接酶连接两者的消化产物, 构建成含母体基因 HG85的质粒。
本发明者还设计了在 5'端分别携带 Kpn I限制性内切酶识别序列、 Pst I限 制性内切酶识别序列或 Acc I限制性内切酶识别序列的引物, 分别用于 ESAT6小 基因的 PCR扩增。
用 Kpn I限制性内切酶分别消化含 Ag85a母体基因的真核表达载体和在 5'端 携带 Kpn I限制性内切酶识别序列的引物获得的 ESAT6小基因 PCR扩增产物, 然后将两者的消化产物用连接酶连接起来, 选出连接方向正确者, 构建成结核杆 ' 菌嵌合型基因疫苗 HG856K (HG856-1 )质粒。
用 Acc I限制性内切酶分别消化含 Ag85a母体基因的真核表达载体和在 5' 端携带 Acc I限制性内切酶识别序列的引物获得的 ESAT6小基因 PCR扩增产物, 然后将两者的消化产物用连接酶连接起来, 选出连接方向正确者, 构建成结核杆 菌嵌合型基因疫苗 HG856A (HG856- 2)质粒。
用 Pst I限制性内切酶分别消化含 Ag85a母体基因的真核表达载体和用 5' 端携带 Pst I限制性内切酶识别序列的引物获得的 ESAT6小基因 PCR扩增产物, 然后将两者的消化产物用连接酶连接起来, 选出连接方向正确者, 构建成结核杆 菌嵌合型基因疫苗 HG856P (HG856- 3)质粒。
因此, 本发明的防治结核病的嵌合基因疫苗是将一个比较小的结核杆菌 .
ESAT6基因插入到一个比较大的结核杆菌 Ag85a母体基因的适当位点中嵌合而 成。其中, 以在 Ag85a母体基因的第 245-250位 Kpn I识别序列位点和第 430-435 位的 Acc I识别序列位点插入 ESAT6基因构建成的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗 HG856K和 HG856A质粒的免疫原性为佳。
本发明采用基因嵌合技术将编码最小的结核杆菌保护性抗原的 ESAT6 基因 4 嵌合到编码最具免疫保护效果的 Ag85a抗原的基因中,产生的新型结核杆菌嵌合 基因疫苗在动物实验中显示出优于单基因疫苗的免疫效果, 其诱导产生的抗 ESAT6和抗 Ag85a抗体都比单基因疫苗或二基因融合疫苗产生的高。 附图说明
图 1显示融合基因与嵌合基因的不同之处。
图 2是含有结核杆菌 Ag85a母体基因的真核表达载体 HG85-pVAXl的构建图。 图 3是本发明结核杆菌嵌合型基因疫苗 HG856的构建图。
图 4显示嵌合型基因疫苗 HG856在体外表达的结核杆菌 Ag85a和 ESAT6的 融合蛋白质。
图 5 显示嵌合型基因疫苗 HG856在体外表达的 Ag85a蛋白质的免疫印染 (Western blot) 实验结果。
图 6显示加强免疫后小鼠血清中结核杆菌 Ag85a特异性抗体水平的变化。 图 7显示加强免疫后小鼠血清中结核杆菌 ESAT6特异性抗体水平的变化。 图 8显示加强免疫后猴子血清中结核杆菌 Ag85a特异性抗体水平的变化。 图 9显示加强免疫后猴子血清中结核杆菌 ESAT6特异性抗体水平的变化。 具体实施方式
以下用实施例对本发明作进一步阐述。 这些实施例仅仅用于举例说明本发 明, 而不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。 实施例中主要釆用常规的基因工程分子 生物学克隆方法, 这些方法是本领域普通技术人员所熟知的, 例如: 卢圣栋主编 "现代分子生物学实验技术", (第二版, 中国协和医科大学出版社, 1999年 12 月,北京);和 J.萨姆布鲁克, D. W. 拉塞尔著,黄培堂等译: "分子克隆实验指南" (第三版, 2002年 8月, 科学出版社出版, 北京) 中的有关章节。 本领域普通技 术人员按照以下实施例, 不难根据具体情况略作修改和变换而成功实施本发明, 这些修改和变换均落在本申请权利要求的范围内。
实施例中所有用于 PCR 的引物均由上海生工生物工程技术有限公司合成、 纯化和质谱法鉴定正确; 各种限制性内切酶、 其他修饰酶和相配套的反应缓冲液 等试剂购自上海 TaKaRa公司; 化学试剂均购自上海化学试剂公司。 实施例 1 Ag85a基因的获得
设计引物 a (序列 3):
5'-GACTGCTAGCCACCATGGTTTCCCGGCCGGGCTTGCCGG-3'
引物 a与 Ag85a基因编码序列的 5'端相一致,并与编码结构蛋白 Ag85a基因 的第 2 至第 22 位核苷酸序列互补 (见序列 1 )。 在其 5,端含有一个 Nhe I (GCTAGC) 的酶切识别序列。
设计引物 b (序列 4):
5'-GACTGGATCCTTACTAGGCGCCCTGGGGCGCGG-3'
弓 ί物 b与 Ag85a基因编码序列的 3,端相一致, 并与 Ag85a基因的第 869 至 第 885位核苷酸序列互补。 在其 5'端含有一个 BamH I (GGATCC) 的酶切识别 序列。
采用引物 a和引物 b, 以结核杆菌标准菌株 H37RV染色体 DNA为模板, 采 用高保真 pf DNA聚合酶进行 PCR反应, 扩增结核杆菌 Ag85a基因。 其中模板 量、引物量、酶用量、所用缓冲液均按基因工程分子克隆技术的常规方法进行 (见 J.萨姆布鲁克、 D. W. 拉塞尔著,黄培堂等译 "分子克隆实验指南", 第三版, 597— 632页, 2002年 8月, 科学出版社出版, 北京)。 四种 dNTP的浓度分别为 20 w M,Mg2+浓度为 1.5mM; 变性、退火、延伸的温度分别为 94°C、 55°C、 72°C, 时间都是 1分钟, 共进行 30个循环。 得到 Ag85a基因 DNA序列。 实施例 2 含结核杆菌基因 Ag85a的质粒载体 HG85-pVAXl的构建
在实施例 1中引物 a和引物 b中已分别引入了 Nhe I (GCTAGC) 和 BamH I (GGATCC) 限制性内切酶位点, 取 PCR技术获得的结核杆菌 Ag85a基因片段 和真核表达载体 pVAXl质粒 (购自 Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) 各 1微克, 分别加入 10单位的 Nhe I和 BamH I限制性内切酶, 混合于 50微升的反应缓冲 液中 (按各酶试剂盒中的说明书选用缓冲液), 37Ό消化 1 小时, 经常规琼脂糖 凝胶电泳分离和胶中 DNA回收方法(按 J.萨姆布鲁克, D. W. 拉塞尔著, 黄培堂 等译 "分子克隆实验指南", 第三版, 387— 399页, 404— 407页, 2002年 8月, 科学出版社出版, 北京) 分别得到互为粘性末端的 Ag85a基因片段和 pVAXl质 粒片段。 接着用 T4 连接酶 (上海 TaKaRa生物科技公司产品试剂盒,按操作说明 书迸行) 将上述两种片段连接过夜, 加入大肠杆菌 DH1或 DH5 α感受态细胞悬液 中,接种含卡那霉素的 1%琼脂平板中 37°C培养 16-18小时,得到含 HG85克隆质 粒的转化工程菌。 在含卡那霉素的培养基中培养该工程菌, 离心收集, 碱裂解法 提取质粒, 用 Nhe l和 BamH I两种不同酶进行酶切, 酶切产物作琼脂电泳, 验证 正确的阳性克隆, 选择正确的可用于后续嵌合操作的含结核杆菌基因 HG85的质粒。
常规琼脂糖凝胶 DM 电泳:在 50 μ 1的酶切反应混合物中加入 5 μ 1的加样缓 冲液 (Loading Buffer), 混匀后全部加入琼脂糖板的孔中, 采用 TAE电泳缓冲 液, 电泳时电压为 80-90V/cm, 30-45分钟。 (见 J. 萨姆布鲁克, D. W. 拉塞尔著, 黄培堂等译 "分子克隆实验指南", 第三版, 387— 399页, 2002年 8月, 科学出 版社出版, 北京)。
琼脂糖凝胶中 DNA片段的回收: 1%低熔点胶电泳后切下含所需要 DNA片段的 胶,装入 EP管中, 每管约 100微升, 加入 400微升缓冲液 (200mM Tris- HC1, ImM EDTA, pH8. 0),65°C加热 5分钟溶解胶, 加等体积饱和酚抽提, 1500rpm离心 5 分钟;取上清加等体积氯仿抽提, 1500rpm离心 5分钟;取上清加入 10微升 3M NaCl (pH5)0 与 2倍体积无水乙醇混勾后- 20°C放置 30分钟, 1500rpm离心 5分钟; 沉淀的 DNA用 70%乙醇洗一次,除尽液体,用适当体积水溶解,回收得到 Ag85aDNA 片段。 取 2 μ 1回收片段作琼脂糖凝胶电泳,估算回收的效率和后续连接反应需要 加入的量。 (见 J. 萨姆布鲁克, D. W. 拉塞尔著, 黄培堂等译 "分子克隆实验 指南" , 第三版, 第 404— 407页, 2002年 8月, 科学出版社出版, 北京)。
DNA连接反应:采用 Promega出品的试剂盒,按说明书操作:将 1微升的 T4 连 接酶, 1微升 10 X缓冲液,7 μ 1的 Ag85a DNA片段, 1 μ 1的 pVAXl质粒片段, 混 匀后 14°C连接过夜。 (参见 J. 萨姆布鲁克, D. W. 拉塞尔著, 黄培堂等译 "分子 克隆实验指南", 第三版, 85— 86页, 2002年 8月, 科学出版社出版, 北京)。
将连接好的含有 Ag85a基因的 pVAXl质粒 (基因重组 HG85克隆质粒)加入到大 肠杆菌 DG1或 DH5 a的感受态细胞中, 37°C反应 1小时转化该细胞。 取出 200 μ 1接种含卡那霉素的琼脂培养基平板上, 将细菌铺匀, 37Ό培养 16-18小时。
pVAXl载体质粒中含有抗卡那霉素基因,因此被基因重组 HG85克隆载体质粒 成功转化的大肠杆菌能在这种培养基上生长成为菌落。 挑选单克隆菌落接种于 3ml含有卡那霉素的培养液中, 37°C, 200rpm摇动培养 14小时左右。 取出 1ml 的菌液 12000rpm.离心 1分钟收集菌体, 加入 ΙΟΟ μ Ι 溶液 I (50mM葡萄糖, 25raM Tris-HCl, lOmM EDTA, pH8. 0)重悬细菌,加入 200 μ 1 溶液 II (2%SDS, 0. 4molNaOH) 裂解细菌 5分钟,加入 150 μ 1 溶液 III (3Μ乙酸钾 ρΗ5. 5)中和; 13000rpm离心 10 05 001914 分钟;吸取上清液加入其 1/10体积的 3M乙酸钠 pH5. 3), 2倍体积的无水乙醇, 室 温反应 10分钟后 13000rpm离心 10分钟;弃去上清液后, 室温挥发除去乙醇, 将 获得的 DNA用 Nhe I和 BamH I作酶切和琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定,获得含结核杆菌基 因 HG85的载体质粒 HG85-pVAXl。 实施例 3 嵌合型结核杆菌基因 HG856K载体质粒的构建
设计引物 c (序列 5 ):
5,-GACTGGTACCTAATGGCAGAGCAGCAGTGG-3 '
弓 I物 c与 ESAT6基因编码序列的 5'端相一致,并与 ESAT6基因的第 1 至第 18位核苷酸序列互补, 在其 5,端含有一个 Kpn l的酶切识别序列。
设计引物 d (序列 6):
5,- GACTGGTACCTTGCGAACATCCCAGTGAC-3 '
引物 d与 ESAT6基因编码序列的 3'端相一致,并与 ESAT6基因的第 268 至 第 285位核苷酸序列互补, 在其 5'端也含有一个 Kpn I的酶切识别序列。
用引物 c和引物 d, 以结核杆菌标准菌株 H37RV染色体 DNA为模板, 采用 高保真 pfu DNA聚合酶进行 PCR反应, 扩增结核杆菌 ESAT6基因。其中模板量、 引物量、酶用量、所用缓冲液均按基因工程分子克隆技术的常规方法进行 (参见 J. 萨姆 布鲁克, D. W. 拉塞尔著, 黄培堂等译 "分子克隆实验指南", 第三版, 85— 86 页, 2002年 8月, 科学出版社出版, 北京)。 四种 dNTP的浓度分别为 20 μ Μ, Mg2+浓度为 1.5mM;变性、 退火、 延伸的温度分别为 94°C 、 55°C、 72°C, 时 间都是 1分钟。 得到 ESAT6基因 DNA序列。
用 Kpn I 限制性内切酶消化实施例 2 中获得的含结核杆菌基因 Ag85a 的 HG85-pVAXl质粒得到其片段, 和以上得到的带有 Kpn I酶切识别序列的结核杆 菌 ESAT6基因的 DNA序列片段, 按照与实施例 2基本相似的方法(琼脂糖凝胶 电泳、 胶中 DNA片段回收和 DNA连接反应) 将两个片段用 T4连接酶连接, 即 将 ESAT6基因 DNA序列插入到结核杆菌 Ag85a基因序列的 249位 Kpn I酶识别 位点中。 将重组的克隆按上述方法转化到感受态大肠杆菌中, 接种卡那霉素琼脂 平板培养;挑选 3-5个阳性菌落小量增菌后,抽提质粒 DNA作为模板;根据 Ag85a 基因中靠近 ESAT6基因 5' -端连接处的序列, 设计一对引物并进行 PCR扩增, 对扩增产物的 Ag85a基因和 ESAT6基因连接处进行测序, 选择插入方向正确者, 构建成含有结核杆菌 Ag85a和 ESAT6基因相嵌合的基因疫苗 HG856K质粒。 实施例 4 嵌合型结核杆菌基因 HG856A载体质粒的构建
设计引物 e (序列 7):
5 '-GACTGTCTACTAATGGCAGAGCAGCAGTGG-S '
弓 I物 e与 ESAT6基因编码序列的 5'—致,并与 ESAT6基因的第 1 至第 18 位 核苷酸序列互补。 在其 5,端含有一个 Acc I的酶切识别序列。
设计引物 f (序列 8 ):
5'-GACTGTCTACTTGCGAACATCCCAGTGAC-3 '
弓 i物 f与 ESAT6基因编码序列的 3,一致, 并与 ESAT6基因的第 268 至第 285 位核苷酸序列互补。 在其 5'端也含有一个 Acc I的酶切识别序列。
用引物 e和引物 f, 以结核杆菌标准菌株 H37RV染色体 DNA为模板, 釆用高 保真 pfti DNA聚合酶进行 PCR反应, 其中模板量、 引物量、 酶用量、 所用缓冲 液均按基因工程分子克隆技术的常规方法进行 (参见 J. 萨姆布鲁克, D. W. 拉塞 尔著, 黄培堂等译 "分子克隆实验指南", 第三版, 85— 86页, 2002年 8月, 科 学出版社出版, 北京)。 四种 dNTP的浓度分别为 20 μ Μ, Mg2+浓度为 1.5mM, 变性、 退火、 延伸的温度分别为 94°C、 55°C、 72°C, 时间都是 1分钟。 得到 ESAT6基、因
用 Acc I 限制性内切酶消化实施例 2 中获得的含结核杆菌基因 Ag85a 的 HG85-pVAXl质粒得到其片段, 和以上得到的带有 Acc I内切酶切识别序列的结 核杆菌 ESAT6基因的 DNA序列片段, 按照与实施例 2基本相似的方法(琼脂糖 凝胶电泳、 胶中 DNA片段回收和 DNA连接反应) 将二片段用 T4连接酶连接, 即将 ESAT6基因 DNA序列插入到结核杆菌 Ag85a基因序列的 432位 Acc I酶识 别位点中, 将重组的克隆按上述方法转化到感受态大肠杆菌中, 接种卡那霉素琼 脂平板培养; 挑选 3-5个阳性菌落小量增菌后, 抽提质粒 DNA作为模板; 根据 Ag85a基因中靠近 ESAT6基因 5,-端连接处的序列, 设计一对引物并进行 PCR扩 增, 对扩增产物的 Ag85a基因和 ESAT6基因连接处进行测序, 选择插入方向正 确者, 构建成含有结核杆菌 Ag85a和 ESAT6基因相嵌合的基因疫苗 HG856A质 粒。 实施例 5 嵌合型结核杆菌基因 HG856P载体质粒的构建
设计引物 g (序列 9):
5'-GACTCTGCAGTAATGGCAGAGCAGCAGTGG-3' 引物 g与 ESAT6基因编码序列的 5'端相一致,并与 ESAT6 基因的第 1 至第 18 位核苷酸序列互补。 在其 5'端含有一个 Pst I的酶切识别序列。
设计引物 h (序列 10):
5'-GACTCTGCAGTTGCGAACATCCCAGTGAC-3'
弓 I物 h与 ESAT6基因编码序列的 3'端相一致,并与 ESAT6 基因的第 268 至 第 285位核苷酸序列互补。 在其 5'端也含有一个 Pst I的酶切识别序列。
采用与实施例 3相类似的技术和方法,在引物中设计 Pst I酶切位点的序列, 将含有该酶切位点的 ESAT6 基因 PCR产物用 Pst I限制性内切酶消化, 然后再 插入到 HG85-pVAXl质粒中的 Ag85a基因序列 325-330位核苷酸的 Pst I酶识 别位点中, 将重组的克隆按上述方法转化到感受态大肠杆菌中, 接种卡那霉素琼 脂平板培养; 挑选 3-5个阳性菌落小量增菌后, 抽提质粒 DNA作为模板; 根据 Ag85a基因中靠近 ESAT6基因 5'-端连接处的端序列, 设计一对引物并进行 PCR 扩增, 对扩增产物的 Ag85a基因和 ESAT6基因连接处进行测序, 选择插入方向 正确者, 构建成含有结核杆菌 Ag85a和 ESAT6基因相嵌合的第三个结核杆菌嵌 合型基因疫苗 HG856P质粒。 实验例 1 嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗 HG856质粒的体外基因表达
采用 TNT体外转录和翻译系统试剂盒 (Promega, Madison, WI, USA)来验证 嵌合型结核杆菌基因 HG856在体外的表达。 按照美国 Promega公司说明书中描 述的实验步骤, 在每次 12.5 微升反应系统中含有 0.25 微克嵌合型结核杆菌基因 HG856质粒 DNA和 9 微升 TNT T7 快速反应母液, 与每毫升含 400 μ Ci [ S35] 标记的蛋氨酸混合后,30°C 孵育 90分钟。将该嵌合基因表达的蛋白质 (带有 [ S35] 放射性)作常规 10% SDS-PAGE电泳,用放射自显影方法观察蛋白质的泳动位置 来判断嵌合型结核杆菌基因是否表达, 以及表达的正确性。 - 结果见图 4。 泳道 1至 5是 5个待筛选的结核杆菌基因克隆所表达的蛋白质。 根据与标准蛋白质分子量 29kDa和 44kDa条带的比较,第 4泳道中克隆表达的蛋 白质分子量约为 42kDa。 结核杆菌 Ag85a蛋白质抗原的分子量在 32kDa左右; 而 结核杆菌 ESAT6蛋白质抗原的分子量在 lOkDa左右, 二者相加约为 42kDa。 因 此第 4泳道为嵌合型结核杆菌基因 HG856所表达的产物。 实验例 2 免疫印染 (Western blot) 实验 先将 0. 25μg结核杆菌蛋白质抗原 Ag85a和分子量标记蛋白质进行 SDS-聚丙 烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳, 然后用 100V电转移 1. 5小时的方法将蛋白质转移到硝酸 纤维薄膜上。 用 5%脱脂奶粉封闭 1小时, 然后与 1 : 1, 000稀释的特异性小鼠抗 血清在 37°C孵育 1. 5小时, 用 0. 15M PBS-吐温 20洗涤 3次,; 加入由 PBS-吐温 20缓冲液 1 : 10, 000稀释的碱性磷酸标记羊抗小鼠 IgG抗体 ( Sigma, Cat#A3688 ) , 37°C孵育 1. 5小时,再洗涤 3次;加入底物(BCIP/NBT: AP Buffer = 4: 1, BCIP/NBT 购自 Sigma公司) 显色, 用含 ImM EDTA的 PBS进行终止。
结果见图 5。其中,第 1列为分子量标记蛋白质;第 2列为 Ag85a单基因疫苗; 第 3列为 HG856A嵌合基因(插在 Ag85a基因的 432位 Accl酶切点); 第 4列为 HG856K嵌合基因 (插在 Ag85a基因的 249位 Kpnl酶切点)。
结果显示, 结核杆菌嵌合型基因疫苗与单基因的 Ag85a核酸疫苗都能产生特 异性的抗结核杆菌 Ag85a蛋白质抗原的免疫应答。 实验例 3 结核杆菌嵌合型基因 HG856质粒接种小鼠后诱导的血清
特异性抗体免疫应答反应 (ELISA法测定)
材料和方法:
1. 实验动物
将 8周龄雌性 BALB/C小鼠随机分组后, 在上海第二军医大学动物中心提供的 SPF (Specific Pathogen Free ) 级动物房词养。
2. 实验动物的免疫接种
采用三次核酸疫苗免疫以后, 用蛋白质做最后加强免疫。
将雌性 BALB/C小鼠 40只, 随机分为 8组, 每组 5只: 第 1-2组(ESAT6单基 因疫苗)、 第 3-4组 (Ag85a单基因疫苗)、 第 5- 6组 (HG856A嵌合基因疫苗)、 第 7-8组(HG856K嵌合基因疫苗)。单数组为肌肉注射组, 分别于胫前肌注射 100 u g/次, 双数组为肌注后电转染组, 分别于胫前肌注射 10 y g/次, 每隔两周免疫 一次, 共 3次。 末次免疫后第 10天, 将尾静脉所采并分离的血清用 ELISA测其 效价。 根据测试结果, 确定基因免疫已经产生了特异性免疫应答后, 即第三次基 因疫苗免疫后 8-12天再用相应的结核杆菌蛋白质抗原进行腹腔接种以加强免疫, 50 g/只。 一周后将动物麻醉后处死收获全血, 离心后的血清于- 20°C保存。
3. 体内电转染方法
肌肉注射后立即用带电极的夹子夹住注射部位, 用 WJ- 2002活体基因导入仪 (宁波新芝生物科技股份有限公司) 进行体内电转染 (电压: 100 V; 脉冲次数: 正反各 6次; 波宽: 60毫秒; 间隔: 10毫秒)。
4. 采用常规 ELISA间接法进行抗 Ag85a IgG抗体和抗 ESAT- 6抗体的检测 以纯化的重组 Ag85a蛋白或 ESAT6蛋白 (各为 1.25μ g/mL) 包被 96孔酶标 板 (50μ1/孔), 4°C放置过夜, 用 0.15M PBS-吐温 20洗涤 3次; 每孔用 ΙΟΟμΙ 的 0.5%牛血清白蛋白进行封闭 1小时, 用 0.15M PBS-吐温 20洗涤 3次; 小鼠血 清以 1: 100开始倍比稀释至 1: 102400, 分别加入各孔中 (50μ1/孔), 37°C孵 育 2小时,用 0.15MPBS-吐温 20洗涤 3次;加入由 PBS-吐温 20缓冲液 1: 10, 000 稀释的碱性磷酸标记羊抗小鼠 IgG抗体 (Sigma, Cat#A3688), 37°C孵育 1.5小 时, 再洗涤 3次; 加入底物显色, 30分钟后用 3MNaOH终止反应, 并用酶标仪作 0D45nm检测。 结果见表 1、 表 2和图 6、 图 7。 表 1: 结核菌基因疫苗接种后及相应蛋白质疫苗加强后小鼠血清中结核杆菌
Ag85a特异性抗体水平检测 (ELISA)
特异性 Ag85a抗体的几何平均滴度 (GMT) 肌肉注射组 肌注后电转染组 结核杆菌基因疫苗 (lOO g DNA) (lO g DNA)
蛋白质 蛋白质 M白质 蛋白质 加强前 .加强后 加强前 加强后
Ag85a单基因疫苗 55 360 65 420
HG856K (Ag85a+ESAT6嵌合
基因)插在 Ag85a基因的 249 38 187 64 482 位 Kpnl酶切点
HG856A (Ag85a+ESAT6嵌合
基因)插在 Ag85a基因的 432 24 177 52 464 位 Accl酶切点
注: 未免疫对照组的 GMT为 9.7。
用 50ug 结核杆菌 Ag85a蛋白质抗原腹腔注射作为加强免疫。
本实验用碱性磷酸酶作底物, 于 0D45m读数。 图 6中, 國为肌注电转导组 (10ug), 口为肌肉注射组 (100 g)。
la为 Ag85a单基因疫苗接种前, lb为 Ag85a单基因疫苗接种后;
Ha为 HG856A疫苗接种前, lib为 HG856A疫苗接种后;
Ilia为 HG856K疫苗接种前, Illb为 HG856K疫苗接种后。
从表 1和图 6可见, 采用电转染法, Ag85a单基因疫苗接种的用量只有单纯 肌肉注射的 1/10, 所得效果却与之相当, 甚至略好; 此时 Ag85a单基因或嵌合基 因疫苗的效果无显著不同。 而用蛋白疫苗加强后, 单纯肌肉注射时嵌合基因疫苗 效果不如单基因疫苗; 但电转染的嵌合基因疫苗效果优于单基因疫苗, 且均优于 单纯肌肉注射。 提示该嵌合基因疫苗作电转染基础接种, 再用蛋白疫苗加强有良 好应用前景。 表 2:结核菌基因疫苗接种后及相应蛋白质疫苗加强后小鼠血清中结核杆菌的 ESAT6特异性抗体水平
特异性 ESAT6抗体的几何平均滴度 (GMT) 肌肉注射组 肌注后电转染组 (10yg)
TB基因疫苗
(lOO g) ESAT6加强 ESAT6+Ag85a加强 加强前 加强后 加强前 加强后 加强前 加强后
ESAT6单基因疫苗 19±3 22±6 12±2 18±3 ― ―
HG856A ( Ag85a+ESAT6
嵌合基因) 插在 Ag85a 20±11 50±36 28±17 241 ±146 27±18 178±131 基因 432位 Accl酶切点
HG856K ( Ag85a+ESAT6
嵌合基因) 插在 Ag85a 17±5 34±9 22±12 114±167 26±10 102±51 基因 249位 Kpnl酶切点
注: 正常组的 GMT为 7.0。 - 本实验用碱性磷酸酶作底物, 于 0D45nn读数。 图 7显示结核菌基因疫苗免疫并用相应蛋白质疫苗加强后小鼠血清抗 ESAT6 抗体的检测, 表示为平均几何效价。
ESAT6抗原是弱抗原, 比 Ag85a抗原弱得多, 接种动物后较难诱导较强的免 疫应答, 但其嵌合在 Ag85a中后免疫原性得到加强。
从表 2和图 7可见,采用电转染法, ESAT6单基因疫苗接种的用量只有单纯肌 肉注射的 1/10, 所得效果却与之相当; 蛋白疫苗加强前 ESAT6单基因或嵌合基因 疫苗的效果相差不多。
而用蛋白抗原加强后, ESAT6单基因疫苗单纯肌肉或电转染注射效果均不佳; 单纯肌肉注射时嵌合基因 HG856A疫苗效果比 ESAT6单基因疫苗和嵌合基因 HG856K 疫苗略好; 但电转染的二种嵌合基因 HG856A和 HG856K疫苗效果均明显优于单基 因疫苗, 且大大优于单纯肌肉注射。 尤其在用蛋白抗原加强时, 不论是用 ESAT6 一种抗原还是用 ESAT6和 Ag85a两种抗原加强, 均能显著增强对弱抗原 ESAT6的 免疫原性。 提示该嵌合基因疫苗作电转染基础接种, 再用蛋白疫苗加强有良好应 用前景。 为提高 Thl 细胞免疫应答, 加强免疫最好釆用重组卡介苗, 或含结核杆 菌相关基因的重组痘苗。 本文所述的嵌合型结核菌基因疫苗适合作基础免疫。
本实验例的结果显示: 新型的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗能同时在小鼠体内诱 导抗结核杆菌 Ag85a和 ESAT6的特异性抗体, ·而且效果优于 Ag85a单基因疫苗和 ESAT6单基因疫苗, 适合作基础免疫接种。 实验例 4 结核杆菌嵌合型基因 HG856质粒接种恒河猴(Rhesus monkey)后诱导 的血清特异性抗体免疫应答反应 (ELISA法测定) 材料和方法-
1. 实验动物
将 6只三岁左右、 体重在 3-5公斤的恒河猴分成 3组, 每组 2只, 在广西壮 族自治区疾病预防和控翻中心伺养和实验。
2. 实验动物的免疫接种 采用三次核酸疫苗免疫以后, 用蛋白质做最后加强免疫。
第 1组 (ESAT6单基因疫苗)、 第 2组 (ESAT6插在 Ag85a249位点的嵌合基 因疫苗 HG856K)、 第 3组 (ESAT6插在 Ag85a432位点的嵌合基因疫苗 HG856A)。 将猴子用氯氨酮麻醉后, 分别于其大腿和胳膊的四处肌内注射 500 g/次。 末次免 疫后第 10天, 再用相应的结核杆菌蛋白质抗原进行肌肉接种以加强免疫, 500 μ g/只。 一周后将动物麻醉后处死收获全血, 离心后的血清于 -20°C保存。
3. 釆用常规 ELISA间接法进行抗 Ag85a IgG抗体和抗 ESAT6抗体的检测 以纯化的重组 Ag85a蛋白或 ESAT6蛋白(各 1. 25 μ g/mL)包被 96孔酶标板(50 μ ΐ/孔), 4°C放置过夜, 用 0. 15M PBS-吐温 20洗涤 3次; 每孔用 100 μ 1的 0. 5% 牛血清白蛋白进行封闭 1小时, 用 0. 15M PBS-吐温 20洗涤 3次; 猴子血清以 1: 100开始倍比稀释至 1 : 102400, 分别加入各孔中 (50 μ 1/孔), 37°C孵育 2小时, 用 0. 15M PBS-吐温 20洗涤 3次; 加入由 PBS-吐温 20缓冲液 1: 10, 000稀释的碱 性磷酸标记兔抗猴 IgG抗体(Sigma, Cat 1929), 37°C孵育 1. 5小时, 再洗涤 3 次;加入底物显色, 30分钟后用 3M NaOH终止反应,并用酶标并用酶标仪作 0D405nm 检测。 结果见图 8、 图 9。
从图 8可见, 在大动物—恒河猴体内, 嵌合疫苗 HG856A与 HG856K对结核杆 菌 Ag85a抗原的免疫应答在蛋白疫苗加强后效果更佳。 两种嵌合疫苗效果相差不 大, HG856A效果略好。
从图 9可见, 在大动物一恒河猴体内, 单基因疫苗 ESAT6和嵌合疫苗 HG856K 对结核杆菌 ESAT6抗原的免疫应答无论在蛋白疫苗加强前还是加强后效果均不佳, 但嵌合疫苗 HG856A在蛋白疫苗加强后对 ESAT6抗原表现出很高的效价。
本试验例的结果显示: 在大动物一恒河猴实验中, 两种嵌合疫苗在对结核杆 菌 ESAT6抗原的免疫应答上有差异, 嵌合疫苗 HG856A 的效果好。 在对结核杆菌 Ag85a抗原的效果上两种嵌合疫苗表现差异较小,也是嵌合疫苗 HG856A效果略好。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗, 其特征在于: 包含序列 1所示的编码结核杆菌结 构蛋白 Ag85a基因和序列 2所示的编码结核杆菌 ESAT6基因, 其中所述 ESAT6基 因嵌合在 Ag85a基因的序列中, 所述 Ag85a基因连接于真核表达载体中。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗,其中所述的嵌合其位点为
Ag85a基因的第 245-250位限制性内切酶 Kpn I所识别的序列、 第 325-330位内切 酶 Pst I所识别的序列和 /或第 430-435位内切酶 Acc I所识别的序列。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗, 其中所述 Kpn l识别序列 为 GGTACC; 所述 Pst I识别序列为 CTGCAG; 所述 Acc I识别序列为 GTCTAC。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗,其中所述真核表达载体为
JW4303, 或 pcDNA3. 1, 或 pVAXl系列。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗,其中所述真核表达载体为 pVAXl系列。
6. 权利要求 1所述嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗的制备方法, 包括以下步骤: ( 1 ) 用序列 3引物 a和序列 4引物 b以聚合酶链反应扩增 Ag85a基因序列;
(2) 用内切酶 Nhe l 和 BamH I分别消化 Ag85a基因和真核表达载体,并用连 接酶连接二者的消化产物, 构建成含基因 Ag85a的 HG85质粒;
(3)先选择 ESAT6基因将要在 Ag85a基因中插入的位点, 然后用一对带有与 插入 Ag85a基因中内切酶识别序列相同的引物扩增 ESAT6基因;
(4) 用可识别上述内切酶识别序列的内切酶分别消化含基因 HG85 的质粒和
ESAT6基因;
(5) 用连接酶连接步骤 (4) 的消化产物, 获得嵌合基因疫苗 HG856。
7. 如权利要求 6所述嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗的制备方法, 其中所述内切酶 识别序列为: Kpn I识别的序列 GGTACC、 Pst I识别的序列 CTGCAG或 Acc I识别 的序列 GTCTAC。 ^
8. 如权利要求 6所述嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗的制备方法, 其中所述引物对 为序列 5所示引物 c和序列 6所示引物 d。
9. 如权利要求 6所述嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗的制备方法, 其中所述引物对 为序列 7所示引物 e和序列 8所示引物 f。
10. 如权利要求 6所述嵌合型结核杆菌基因疫苗的制备方法, 其中所述引物 对为序列 9所示引物 g和序列 10所示引物 h。
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