WO2006025232A1 - 撮像装置及び撮像結果の出力方法 - Google Patents
撮像装置及び撮像結果の出力方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006025232A1 WO2006025232A1 PCT/JP2005/015301 JP2005015301W WO2006025232A1 WO 2006025232 A1 WO2006025232 A1 WO 2006025232A1 JP 2005015301 W JP2005015301 W JP 2005015301W WO 2006025232 A1 WO2006025232 A1 WO 2006025232A1
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- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/772—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising A/D, V/T, V/F, I/T or I/F converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/79—Arrangements of circuitry being divided between different or multiple substrates, chips or circuit boards, e.g. stacked image sensors
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
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- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
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- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
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- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an imaging apparatus and an output method of imaging results, and can be applied to an imaging apparatus using, for example, a CMOS solid-state imaging device.
- the present invention effectively avoids the decrease in aperture ratio in the configuration in which the imaging element is provided with the analog-to-digital converter by providing the analog-to-digital converter on the side opposite to the imaging surface of the semiconductor chip.
- CMOS solid-state imaging device can be integrally formed on a substrate with various integrated circuits, various configurations relating to these integrations have been proposed.
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,461,425 discloses a configuration in which a 1-bit analog-to-digital conversion circuit by ⁇ modulation is provided for each pixel.
- pixels arranged in a two-dimensional array are selected for each row and connected to an output signal line, and an imaging result by a digital signal of 1 bit is output from the output signal line to output an 8-bit filter.
- Convert to image data of Also, the image data obtained in this way is output by one system via a multiplexer.
- pixels are scanned row by row to output an imaging result.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and an imaging apparatus and an imaging method for outputting imaging results can be effectively avoided in the configuration in which an analog digital conversion circuit is provided in an imaging element. I will try to propose.
- the present invention is applied to an imaging device that outputs an imaging result by a semiconductor chip in which pixels are arranged in a matrix, and the semiconductor chip has the pixels arranged on one surface.
- An analog-to-digital converter circuit that outputs the imaging result of the pixel to the other side by XY address control, and performs analog digital conversion processing of the imaging result of the corresponding pixel on the other side. And are formed corresponding to the pixels.
- the present invention is applied to an imaging device that outputs an imaging result by a semiconductor chip in which pixels are arranged in a matrix, and the semiconductor chip has the pixels arranged on one surface.
- An analog-to-digital converter that outputs an imaging result of the pixel to the other side, and an analog-to-digital conversion process of the imaging result of the corresponding pixel on the other side to output a digital signal
- the wiring of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is provided on the other side, whereby the reduction of the aperture ratio of each pixel by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit can be prevented.
- the present invention is applied to an output method of an imaging result of outputting an imaging result by a semiconductor chip in which pixels are arranged in a matrix, and the XY address control of the pixels arranged on one surface of the semiconductor chip
- the image pickup result of the pixel is subjected to an analog-to-digital conversion process to output a digital signal.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an imaging apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an integrated circuit applied to the imaging device of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of each pixel of the imaging device of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a signal waveform diagram for describing the operation of the analog-to-digital converter in the pixel of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a sensor chip in the imaging device of FIG. 6 (A), 6 (B), 6 (C) and 6 (D) are schematic diagrams for explaining the output of the imaging result by the sensor chip of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining connection of a sensor chip and a logic chip in the imaging device of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a filter unit in the imaging device of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the filter unit of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of each pixel of the imaging device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a filter unit in an imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a signal waveform diagram for describing the operation of the analog-to-digital converter in the pixel of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the filter unit of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an imaging device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing an imaging device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an imaging device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an imaging device according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the imaging device compresses the data of the imaging result of a desired subject, records it on a recording medium, and sends it to a desired transmission object.
- a lens 102 changes a zoom magnification and an aperture in response to an operation by a user and condenses incident light on an image pickup surface of the image pickup element 103.
- the optical low pass filter 1 0 4 has a spatial frequency higher than the light emitted from this lens 1 0 2
- the subsequent color correction filter 105 corrects the color temperature of the light emitted from the optical low-pass filter 104 and emits the corrected light.
- the imaging device 103 is formed of, for example, a CMOS solid-state imaging device, operates according to various timing signals output from the driving unit 106, and photoelectrically converts an optical image formed on the imaging surface by each pixel.
- the imaging signal S 1 is output.
- the drive unit 106 generates various timing signals of the image pickup device 103 under the control of the control unit 100 and outputs the timing signals to the image pickup device 103, thereby controlling the control unit 100. Control the operation of the image sensor 103.
- An analog-to-digital converter (AD) 1 0 7 subjects the image pickup signal S 1 to an analog-to-digital conversion process to output image data D 1.
- the image processing unit 108 compresses the image data D 1 and outputs the encoded data D 2 according to the processing result to the recording system and the transmission system.
- the encoded data D2 is recorded on a predetermined recording medium by the recording system, and the encoded data D2 is transmitted to the external device by the transmission system.
- the control unit 10 9 is constituted by arithmetic processing means by a microcomputer, and by executing a predetermined control program, in response to the operation of the operator by the user, the imaging device 1
- control program is provided in advance and installed in the imaging apparatus 101.
- the control program is downloaded via a network such as the Internet.
- it may be provided by downloading from a recording medium, and various recording media such as an optical disk and a memory card can be widely applied to such a recording medium.
- control unit 1 0 9 starts its operation when the power is turned on by the user, and in response to the user's operation of the operation element, starts the acquisition of the imaging result by the imaging device 1 0 3, The entire operation is controlled to start recording and transmitting this imaging result.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an integrated circuit 1 applied to this imaging device 101.
- the integrated circuit 1 is an integrated circuit using an imaging device, and is formed by packaging a stacked body of a sensor chip 2 and a logic chip 3.
- the integrated circuit 1 constitutes an input stage of an image pickup device 103, a drive unit 106, an analog-digital conversion circuit 107, and an image processing unit 108.
- the sensor chip 2 is a semiconductor chip of an imaging device that outputs an imaging result by an X-ray address system, and in this embodiment, a CMOS solid-state imaging device is applied to this imaging device.
- the sensor chip 2 is formed by an imaging unit 5 in which the pixels 4 are arranged in a matrix, and a control unit 6 that controls the operation of the imaging unit 5, and performs analog-to-digital conversion processing of imaging results in each pixel 4.
- An analog-to-digital converter is provided.
- each pixel 4 outputs an imaging signal S 1 (FIG. 4 (A)) whose signal level changes according to incident light from the light receiving element 7.
- the analog-to-digital converter 8 is a ⁇ modulation type analog-to-digital converter, and converts the imaging signal S 1 into a digital signal and outputs it. That is, in the analog-to-digital converter 8, the subtracting unit 9 samples the imaging signal S1 at a predetermined cycle, subtracts the output signal S3 of the integrating unit 10 from the sampling result, and outputs the difference signal S2 Figure 4 (B)).
- the comparison unit 11 determines the difference signal S 2 based on a predetermined determination reference TH and outputs a determination result.
- Integration unit 10 integrates this determination result and outputs an output signal S 3 (FIG. 4 (A)).
- the analog-to-digital converter circuit 8 obtains the determination result in which the logic value changes to logic 1 and logic 0 respectively by the increase and decrease of the signal level of the imaging signal S 1 by the comparison unit 11. The result is output as the analog-to-digital conversion result of the imaging signal S 1 (FIG. 4 (C)).
- the analog-to-digital converter circuit 8 converts the imaging signal S 1 into a digital signal according to the resolution ⁇ determined by the gain of the integration unit 10, and in this embodiment This resolution ⁇ is set to 18 for the maximum amplitude to construct a 3-bit analog-to-digital converter.
- the imaging signal S 1 is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing by 3 bits, and the analog-to-digital conversion result is output as a 1-bit digital signal. 10 Make a feedback by means of correction.
- An output unit 12 is a buffer circuit that outputs an analog-to-digital conversion result based on the comparison result of the comparison unit 11.
- the output unit 13 outputs a digital signal S from an output terminal 13 provided in the sensor chip 2.
- the sensor chip 2 has the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 8 and the output unit 12 formed on the back surface opposite to the light receiving surface, and the output terminal 13 is formed from the microbumps formed on the back surface. Further, as a result, the sensor chip 2 simultaneously and in parallel outputs the digital signal S 4 according to the imaging result of each pixel 4.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the sensor chip 2.
- an element layer 22 is formed of a silicon (Si) layer having a thickness of about 10 to 20 rn], and a light receiving element 7 is formed in the element layer 22.
- a silicon oxide (Si 2 ) film 24, a light shielding film 25, a silicon nitride film (Si N) 26, a color filter 27, and a microlens 2 are sequentially formed on the upper layer of the portion related to the light receiving element 7. 8 is stacked to form a pixel 4.
- a wiring layer 29 for wiring the circuit elements of the light receiving element 7 and the analog-to-digital converter 8 is formed in the lower layer of the element layer 22, and a substrate for holding the whole on the lower layer side of the wiring layer 29.
- a support 30 is provided.
- the sensor chip 2 is provided with the wiring layer 29 on the opposite side to the light receiving surface, and the analog digital conversion circuit 8 etc. is provided on the opposite side to the light receiving surface. Even when the digital conversion circuit 8 is provided, the reduction of the aperture ratio can be effectively avoided.
- various restrictions in the case of providing a wiring layer on the light receiving surface side are eliminated, and the degree of freedom of wiring is greatly improved.
- each pixel output is individually output to the peripheral circuit to be analog It is also possible to configure the connection between the image sensor section and the peripheral circuit so as to perform digital conversion processing.
- imaging is performed in units of column lines. It is also possible to output the result and process it in the peripheral circuit.
- the imaging results can be output in units of lines and processed by peripheral circuits, and furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6 (D), units of predetermined blocks may be used. It is also possible to output the imaging result and process it in the peripheral circuit.
- the CMOS solid-state image sensor has a horizontally extending horizontal address line and a vertical address line.
- the signal line is imaged from the pixel selected by the horizontal address line and the vertical address line. Is output.
- the CMOS solid-state imaging device can output imaging results by various XY address control as shown in FIGS. 6 (A) to 6 (C).
- the MOS FETs provided for all the pixels are simultaneously turned on to obtain imaging results by all the pixels. Output in parallel.
- a plurality of pixels connected in the vertical direction share the signal line by one column line, so that a plurality of pixels connected to one column line are connected.
- the horizontal address line is common to the pixels continuous in the horizontal direction, and time division assignment of each pixel continuous in the vertical direction to such a column line is made. Is executed simultaneously and in parallel with pixels which are continuous in the horizontal direction, and by this control of horizontal address lines, imaging results are output in line units.
- control of the vertical address lines allows one signal line to be continuous in the horizontal direction by time division. It assigns to pixels sequentially and outputs imaging results by pixels continuously in the vertical direction simultaneously and in parallel.
- the imaging results can be output in various orders such as raster scan and zigzag scan in one block by this one signal line.
- the horizontal and vertical address lines are commonly provided to the pixels which are continuous in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the scan order of these pixels is the same for a plurality of blocks.
- the sensor chip 2 is thus formed with the wiring layer 29 on the side opposite to the light receiving surface.
- the semiconductor substrate having a small thickness is processed from the wiring layer 29 side to form the light receiving element 7 and the circuit element of the peripheral circuit, and then the wiring layer 29 and the substrate support material 3 0 are sequentially formed on the semiconductor substrate. Then, the semiconductor substrate is turned over and polished by CMP to form an element layer.
- a light shielding film 25, a silicon nitride film (S i N) 26, a color filter 27, and a microlens 28 are sequentially formed.
- the logic chip 3 is assigned to the substrate support 30, and the micro bumps 31 formed on the wiring layer 29 side and the logic chip 3 are formed. They are electrically connected to and held by the logic chip 3 by the microphone port bumps 31.
- micro bumps are micro connection terminals made of gold, copper or the like.
- the logic chip 3 (FIG. 2) is an integrated circuit by a digital signal processing circuit that processes the imaging result of each pixel 4.
- this digital signal processing circuit A filter circuit 35 for processing an imaging result by a digital signal output for each pixel for each pixel, and a control unit 36 for controlling the operation of the filter circuit 35 in conjunction with the control of the imaging unit 5 in the sensor chip 2
- An output unit 37 configured to time-division multiplex and output a processing result of the filter circuit 35 under the control of the control unit 36.
- the filter circuit 35 is provided with filter units 40 for processing digital signals from the respective pixels 4 corresponding to the pixels 4 of the sensor chip 2, and the micro bumps 3 2 are provided in the respective filter units 40. Is provided. This makes the filter circuit
- the imaging result S4 of each pixel 4 output from the sensor chip 2 is input to the corresponding filter unit 40, where the imaging result S4 of each pixel 4 is converted into image data.
- the integrating unit 43 sequentially integrates and outputs the digital signal S4 output from each pixel 4 in accordance with the clock cycle of the digital signal S4.
- the integrator 43 adds the value 1 to the addition result S 6 up to that point.
- the addition result S 6 up to that point is subtracted by 1 and output.
- the decimation filter 42 performs a filtering process on the addition result S 6 to rate convert the digital signal based on the addition result S 6 into image data S 7 at a predetermined sampling rate, and outputs the image data S 7.
- the decimation finisher 42 reduces the sampling rate of the digital signal S 4 to 1 Zn and outputs the image data S 7, and thus the successive addition results by the n-tap filter at the corresponding sampling timing. Add S 6 and output.
- this value n is set to 8, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 9 (D), for every 8 samples of the addition result S 6, 8 consecutive samples of the addition result S 6 are Add and output 6-bit image data S7.
- FIG. 9 (D) shows the numbers of the eight consecutive samples.
- FIG. 9 (E) shows the case where the sampling rate is increased by setting the value n to 4, and the number of bits of the image data S 7 is reduced accordingly.
- the decimation filter 4 2 adds the successive addition result S 6 of 4 samples every 4 samples of the addition result S 6 and outputs the image data S 7 by 5 bits.
- the decimation filter 42 can switch the number of gradations by switching the number of taps used for arithmetic processing, and can switch the sampling rate in conjunction with the switching of the number of gradations.
- the image data S 7 can be output at a desired frame rate by setting the number of taps.
- the case of processing the addition result S 6 by the simple addition has been described, but instead, filter processing with better frequency characteristics may be applied.
- the logic chip 3 is transferred to the output unit 37 sequentially, for example, line by line under the control of the image data S 7 power control unit 36 generated for each pixel 4 in this manner, and time division is performed by the output unit 37.
- the image data D1 is output in the order of raster scanning.
- this imaging device 101 (FIG. 2), an optical image is formed on the imaging surface of the sensor chip 2 by a predetermined optical system, and the optical image is formed by the pixels 4 arranged in a matrix.
- the image is photoelectrically converted to obtain an imaging result of each pixel 4.
- the imaging result of each pixel 4 is converted into a digital signal S 4 by an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 8 provided on the side opposite to the imaging surface of the sensor chip 2 and input to the filter circuit 35 of the logic chip 3.
- the imaging result of each pixel is converted to image data and output.
- the imaging result is converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 8 provided in each pixel 4 and processed by the mouth chip 3.
- the configuration can be simplified. Also, even when the analog-to-digital converter 8 is provided for each pixel as described above, the analog-to-digital converter 8 is provided on the side opposite to the imaging surface. It is possible to effectively avoid the decrease in the aperture ratio of each pixel 4 due to the wiring and the like, and to reduce the crosstalk and the like with the adjacent pixels due to the wiring.
- each pixel 4 it is possible to prevent a reduction in the occupied area on the imaging surface as in the case where an analog digital conversion circuit is provided on the imaging surface, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the pixels to facilitate reduction of the imaging device. Manufacturing can be made easy. Also, the degree of freedom in connection to the subsequent logic chip 3 can be significantly improved, and the degree of freedom in design can be improved accordingly.
- digital signals are processed by the logic chip 3, and in the imaging device 101, digital signals according to the respective imaging results are output to the logic chip 3 by the connection by the micro bumps.
- the imaging result can be output to the logic chip 3 in parallel to the pixels, and the sampling rate by the analog digital conversion circuit 8 can be set high.
- digital signal processing can be performed in parallel to pixels, and for example, imaging results can be processed without providing a memory for temporarily recording digital signals, and the configuration can be simplified accordingly. Also, since the digital signal processing can be performed in parallel in this way, the frame rate can be increased.
- the analog-to-digital converter circuit 8 related to the premise of this digital signal processing is constituted by a ⁇ modulation type analog-to-digital converter circuit (FIG. 3). Reduce the sampling rate of the digital signal S 4 obtained from the analog-to-digital converter 8 And an output unit 37 for time division multiplexing processing of the processing result by the filter circuit 35 and outputting the result, and according to the desired sampling rate, the number of gradations, and the scanning order, The imaging results can be converted into image data and output.
- the fall of the aperture ratio can be effectively avoided in the configuration in which the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is provided on the imaging device. can do.
- each imaging result is output, for example, in the order of raster scanning, and a decoder etc. that processes image data in the order of raster scanning.
- Image data can be processed by using it, and peripheral circuits related to the CCD solid-state imaging device can be used effectively.
- chip semiconductors provided with an analog-to-digital converter are connected by micro bumps to the semiconductor chip of the integrated circuit by digital signal processing circuit related to processing such as time division multiplexing etc. It is possible to perform digital signal processing on the pixel-by-pixel analog-to-digital conversion processing stably and simultaneously in parallel, and this makes it possible to reliably process the imaging result with the eyelid frame rate.
- decimation filter circuit which is a filter circuit for converting a sampling rate
- FIGS. 10 and 11 are block diagrams showing the configuration of a pixel and a filter unit applied to an imaging device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the pixel 4 4 and the filter unit 45 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 are applied instead of the pixel 4 and the filter unit 40 according to the first embodiment.
- the imaging device according to this embodiment is configured in the same manner as the imaging device 101 according to the first embodiment except that the configuration according to the pixel 44 and the filter unit 45 is different. In the embodiments, duplicate explanations are omitted.
- this pixel 44 performs analog-to-digital conversion processing of the image pickup signal S 1 by the light receiving element 7 by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 48, and outputs the digital signal S 14 according to the processing result to the output unit 12. Output to logic chip through electrode 13 by.
- the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 48 is a ⁇ modulation type analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the subtraction unit 49 samples the imaging signal S 1 at a predetermined cycle, as shown in FIG.
- the output signal of the delay unit 50 is subtracted from the sampling result to output a differential signal S12 (Fig. 12) and (B)).
- Integration unit 51 integrates this difference signal S 12 and outputs integration signal S 13.
- Comparison unit 52 determines this integration signal S 13 according to a predetermined threshold voltage TH and makes a determination.
- Result Output S 14 (Fig. 12 (C)).
- the delay unit 50 delays this determination result S 14 by one sampling period and feeds it back to the subtracting unit 49.
- the signal level corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the positive side and negative side of the imaging signal S1 is the logic 1 in the comparison unit 52, respectively.
- 0 is set to be the signal level according to the determination result.
- the analog-to-digital converter 48 feeds back the determination result and outputs a digital signal S 14 with logic 1 and logic 0 according to the signal level of the imaging signal S 1.
- the filter section 45 (FIG. 11) is composed of a decimation filter 54, and is input via an electrode 32 by a micro bump.
- Digital signal S14 is input to the decimation filter 54, where the digital signal S14 is filtered as shown in FIGS. 13 (A) to (D) in comparison with FIG.
- the digital signal S14 is rate converted to image data S7 at a predetermined sampling rate and output.
- the filter unit 45 can switch the number of gradations by switching the number of taps provided to the calculation processing of the decimation filter 54, and can switch the sampling rate in conjunction with the switching of the number of gradations.
- the image data S7 can be output at a desired frame rate.
- an analog digital conversion circuit is provided on the side of the semiconductor chip opposite to the imaging surface, so that the fall of the aperture ratio is effectively avoided in the configuration where the analog to digital conversion circuit is provided on the imaging device.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an integrated circuit 61 applied to an imaging device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in contrast to FIG.
- the imaging device according to this embodiment is configured the same as the imaging device according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment except that the digital signal processing circuit mounted on the logic chip 63 is different. Note that, in the following, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as the imaging devices of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and the duplicate description will be omitted.
- the sensor chip 2 is stacked using micropumps, and the digital signal processing circuit 64 of the logic chip 63 is a digital signal S4, (S14) of each pixel.
- S4, (S14) are formed by memories 65 each having a capacity of several to several tens of bits.
- the logic chip 63 has operations of the digital signal processing circuit 64 by the memory 65, the output unit 67 outputting the output data from each memory 65 to the outside, the memory 65, and the output unit 67. It comprises the control unit 66 that controls.
- each memory unit 65 digital signals of imaging results by each pixel are buffered by each memory unit 65, and, for example, raster scanning is performed in predetermined data amount units. Output in order.
- the analog digital conversion circuit by providing the analog digital conversion circuit on the side opposite to the imaging surface of the semiconductor chip, it is possible to effectively avoid the decrease in the aperture ratio in the configuration in which the analog digital conversion circuit is provided on the imaging device. Then, by storing digital signals in the memory circuit on the logic chip side and outputting them, it is possible to achieve consistency with the processing timing in the processing circuit of the latter stage.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing an integrated circuit 71 applied to an imaging device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention in contrast to FIG.
- the imaging device according to this embodiment is configured the same as the imaging device according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment except that the digital signal processing mounted on the logic chip 73 is different. Note that, in the following, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the imaging devices of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and duplicate explanations will be omitted.
- the logic chip 73 is formed by stacking the sensor chips 2 using micro bumps, and inputs digital signals S 4 and (S 14) of each pixel to the multiplexer (MU X) 74.
- the multiplexer 74 is formed, for example, by a plurality of registers for inputting the digital signal S 4 (S 14) output from the pixel 4 (44) of the sensor chip 2 to each bit, and is continuous in the horizontal direction
- the 1-bit digital signal S 4 and (S 14) of the predetermined number of pixels 4 and (4 4) are collectively output as a bit parallel digital signal.
- the control unit 76 Under control of the multiplexer 74, the control unit 76 records the imaging result of each pixel 4 (14) in the multiplexer 74 at each sampling cycle of the digital signal S 4 (S 14). The multiplexer 74 outputs the imaging result by the digital signal recorded in the memory 75 in line units. Further, the imaging results in line units, which are output to the memory 75, are accumulated for a predetermined frame period, and are output under the control of the output unit 77.
- the fall of the aperture ratio can be effectively avoided in the configuration in which the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is provided on the imaging device.
- logic The imaging results of the plurality of pixels can be simultaneously processed in parallel by outputting a digital signal of 1 bit each into a digital signal of bit parallel by the multiplexer on the flip side.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an integrated circuit 81 applied to an imaging device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention in contrast to FIG.
- the imaging device according to this embodiment is configured the same as the imaging device according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment except that the digital signal processing mounted on the logic chip 83 is different. Note that, in the following, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the imaging devices of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and duplicate explanations will be omitted.
- the logic chip 83 is formed by stacking the sensor chip 2 using micro bumps, and the digital signal processing circuit 84 of the logic chip 83 is a digital signal S4, (S14) of each pixel. Is formed by a compression unit 85 that compresses each data.
- the logic chip 83 comprises a digital signal processing circuit 84 by the compression unit 85, an output unit 87 for outputting the output data from the compression unit 85 to the outside, a compression unit 85, and an output unit 87. It comprises the control unit 86 that controls the operation.
- the compression unit 85 compresses the digital signals S 4 and (S I 4) in the time axis direction and outputs the compressed digital signals S 4 and (S I 4) by an arithmetic compression method such as a run length method.
- the imaging result of each pixel is data-compressed, and output in a predetermined frame unit, for example, in the order of raster scanning.
- the analog digital conversion circuit by providing the analog digital conversion circuit on the side opposite to the imaging surface of the semiconductor chip, it is possible to effectively avoid the decrease in the aperture ratio in the configuration in which the analog digital conversion circuit is provided on the imaging device. By compressing and outputting data on the logic chip side, even when the imaging result is acquired and output at high speed, the imaging result can be output with certainty.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an integrated circuit 91 applied to an imaging device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention in contrast to FIG.
- the imaging device according to this embodiment is The imaging result of each pixel 4 (4 4) is analog-to-digital converted by the analog-to-digital converter formed on the back surface of the chip chip 92, and the digital signal according to the processing result is similarly processed on the back surface of the sensor chip 92.
- the time division multiplexing is performed by the output unit 93 formed in FIG. Note that this embodiment is configured the same as the imaging device according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment except that the processing of the imaging result according to each pixel is different.
- an analog-to-digital converter circuit is provided on the side of the semiconductor chip opposite to the imaging surface.
- the imaging device is provided with an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, the reduction of the aperture ratio can be effectively avoided.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sensor chip is formed by various solid-state imaging devices by the XY address method. It can be widely applied in cases.
- the logic chip is described to be provided with a digital signal processing circuit by data compression processing etc.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and various digital signal processing circuits such as a motion detection circuit etc. It can be widely applied when providing Industrial applicability
- the present invention can be applied to, for example, an imaging device using a C 3 M 0 S solid state imaging device.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
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JP2006531928A JP4816457B2 (ja) | 2004-09-02 | 2005-08-17 | 撮像装置及び撮像結果の出力方法 |
US11/660,928 US8144227B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 | 2005-08-17 | Image pickup device and image pickup result outputting method |
CN2005800294574A CN101010944B (zh) | 2004-09-02 | 2005-08-17 | 摄像装置及摄像结果的输出方法 |
US13/405,420 US8885080B2 (en) | 2004-02-09 | 2012-02-27 | Image pickup device and image pickup result outputting method |
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JP2020108152A (ja) * | 2011-08-02 | 2020-07-09 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像素子及び撮像装置 |
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JP2021166395A (ja) * | 2011-08-02 | 2021-10-14 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像素子及び撮像装置 |
JP7135167B2 (ja) | 2011-08-02 | 2022-09-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像素子及び撮像装置 |
US11606526B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 | 2023-03-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image pickup device that is provided with peripheral circuits to prevent chip area from being increased, and image pickup apparatus |
JP2015050446A (ja) * | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-16 | ソニー株式会社 | 撮像素子および撮像装置 |
JP2016171297A (ja) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-23 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体撮像装置および製造方法、並びに電子機器 |
JP2018011304A (ja) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-01-18 | 株式会社ニコン | 撮像素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101010944A (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
US20080284888A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
CN101010944B (zh) | 2010-06-16 |
US8885080B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
JPWO2006025232A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
JP4816457B2 (ja) | 2011-11-16 |
US20120154624A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
US8144227B2 (en) | 2012-03-27 |
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