WO2006022312A1 - 導電性パターン材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
導電性パターン材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006022312A1 WO2006022312A1 PCT/JP2005/015392 JP2005015392W WO2006022312A1 WO 2006022312 A1 WO2006022312 A1 WO 2006022312A1 JP 2005015392 W JP2005015392 W JP 2005015392W WO 2006022312 A1 WO2006022312 A1 WO 2006022312A1
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- graft polymer
- electroless plating
- functional group
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
- H05K3/181—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating
- H05K3/182—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating characterised by the patterning method
- H05K3/185—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating characterised by the patterning method by making a catalytic pattern by photo-imaging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/12—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain a coating with specific electrical properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C08F251/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof on to cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F289/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups C08F251/00 - C08F287/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F291/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups C08F251/00 - C08F289/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F292/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to inorganic materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/40—Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
- G03F7/405—Treatment with inorganic or organometallic reagents after imagewise removal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/102—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by bonding of conductive powder, i.e. metallic powder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0047—Photosensitive materials characterised by additives for obtaining a metallic or ceramic pattern, e.g. by firing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/11—Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
- H05K2203/1168—Graft-polymerization
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/38—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal
- H05K3/386—Improvement of the adhesion between the insulating substrate and the metal by the use of an organic polymeric bonding layer, e.g. adhesive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a conductive pattern material, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a conductive pattern material useful as a printed wiring board or the like.
- a thin-film conductive material formed by a known method such as vacuum deposition is provided on an insulator, processed with a resist, and part of the resist prepared in advance is removed by pattern exposure. Thereafter, a method of forming a desired pattern by performing an etching process is widely used. Such a method requires at least four steps and has complicated steps. Furthermore, when wet etching is performed for etching using this method, a treatment process for the waste liquid is required, and a more complicated treatment process is required.
- a photoresist is used as another conductive pattern forming method. The method used is known.
- This method is a method in which a substrate coated with a photoresist polymer or a photo resist on a dry film is exposed to UV through an arbitrary photomask to form a pattern such as a lattice. It is useful for forming an electromagnetic wave shield that requires high electrical conductivity.
- a pattern made of a graft polymer showing hydrophilicity is formed on the surface of a support, and a conductive material layer is formed on the hydrophilic pattern to conduct the conductive.
- a method for obtaining a conductive pattern material has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Such a conductive material layer has a graft polymer bonded to the substrate surface. It is composed of conductive particles that are ionically adsorbed and fixed to one, and this conductive pattern material is characterized by high-resolution, non-breaking conductive patterns. .
- the conductive particles fixed by ionic bonds, such as the conductive pattern material may be detached from the graft polymer when touching an electrolyte solution such as saline. there were.
- the substrate surface is roughened by an etching process, and the adhesion is improved by an anchor effect.
- the uneven surface of the substrate is disadvantageous in terms of fine wiring and high frequency suitability.
- high adhesion can be expressed by bonding a graft polymer to the substrate surface and interposing this graft polymer.
- a polyimide substrate is subjected to plasma treatment, and a polyimide substrate is obtained.
- the graft polymer when the graft polymer is bonded to the substrate surface, sufficient adhesion between the substrate and the metal can be obtained, but there is a problem that the graft polymer force metal is peeled off under conditions such as high humidity.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-114525
- An object of the present invention is to solve the various problems in the prior art and achieve the following objects.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a conductive pattern with high resolution and excellent durability with no disconnection. It is providing the manufacturing method of the electroconductive pattern material provided with.
- the conductive pattern has a conductive pattern with high resolution and high conductivity, and the conductive material has high adhesion to the substrate, and has excellent adhesion and retention of the conductive material. It is to provide a method for manufacturing a material.
- conductive particles or conductive particles containing a graft polymer to which conductive particles or conductive material adsorptive material adheres are crosslinked in the adsorption layer of the conductive material adhering substance.
- the inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by introducing a structure, and have completed the present invention.
- a functional group capable of interacting with conductive particles hereinafter referred to as “interactive group” and a crosslinkable functional group (hereinafter referred to as “interactive group”) are provided on a substrate.
- a graft polymer is directly bonded on a base material in a pattern, and conductive particles are adsorbed on an interactive group of the graft polymer to provide a conductive particle adsorption layer. Later, a crosslinkable group present in the graft polymer is reacted to form a crosslinked structure in the conductive particle adsorption layer.
- the operation of the first aspect of the present invention is not clear! /, But is presumed as follows.
- the conductive particles adsorbed to the interactive group of the graft polymer are further included in the crosslinked structure and physically immobilized. Will be.
- the conductive particle adsorption layer according to the present invention is caused by the presence of the crosslinked structure in the conductive particle adsorption layer in addition to the retention of the conductive particles due to the presence of the interactive group of the draft polymer. It is considered that the retention property of the conductive particles is remarkably improved by the fixing rod.
- a functional group capable of interacting with an electroless plating catalyst or a precursor thereof hereinafter, referred to as “interactive group” as appropriate
- interactive group a functional group capable of interacting with an electroless plating catalyst or a precursor thereof
- the electroless plating catalyst or precursor thereof adsorbed or impregnated into the interacting group of the draft polymer further has a crosslinking structure. It will be contained in and physically fixed.
- the conductive pattern material obtained by the present invention is obtained by performing electroless plating on the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer as described above, and has high resolution, high conductivity and adhesiveness. In addition to being exhibited, the deposited metal (conductive material) is firmly held in the cross-linked structure, so it is presumed that the retention property without losing the graft polymer force is not impaired.
- a conductive pattern having high resolution, no disconnection, and excellent durability and Sarako has a conductive pattern having high resolution and high conductivity, and the conductive material. Therefore, it is possible to provide a method for producing a conductive pattern material that has high adhesion to the substrate, has good adhesion, and has excellent retention and sustainability of the conductive material.
- the method for producing a conductive pattern material according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises the following steps (1) to (3). It is characterized by having.
- a functional group capable of interacting with conductive particles hereinafter referred to as “interactive group A” as appropriate
- crosslinkable group hereinafter referred to as “crosslinkable group” as appropriate
- a step of directly bonding a graft polymer having a pattern hereinafter referred to as “graft polymer pattern forming step”
- crosslinked structure forming step A step of forming a crosslinked structure in the conductive particle adsorption layer by applying energy to the conductive particle adsorption layer (hereinafter referred to as “crosslinked structure forming step” as appropriate).
- the method for producing a conductive pattern material according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized by having the following steps (1 ') to (4).
- the method for producing a conductive pattern material is as follows: (1 ′) a functional group capable of interacting with an electroless plating catalyst or a precursor thereof on a substrate (hereinafter referred to as “interactive group B” as appropriate). And a step of directly bonding a graft polymer having a crosslinkable functional group (hereinafter appropriately referred to as “crosslinkable group”) in a pattern,
- a graft polymer pattern is formed on a substrate in a graft polymer pattern forming step.
- the graft polymer in the present invention is formed by a surface graft polymerization method. It is preferable.
- the surface graft polymerization method synthesizes a graft (graft) polymer by providing an active species on a polymer compound chain that forms a solid surface and further polymerizing another monomer starting from this active species. Is the method.
- any of known methods described in literatures can be used.
- New Polymer Experiment 10 edited by Polymer Society, 1974, published by Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd., pl35
- a photograft polymerization method and a plasma irradiation graft polymerization method as surface graft polymerization methods.
- the adsorption technology handbook, NTS Co., Ltd. supervised by Takeuchi, published in February 1999, p203, p695 describes radiation-induced graft polymerization methods such as gamma rays and electron beams.
- a graft polymer can be obtained by treating a polymer surface such as PET with plasma or electron beam to generate radicals on the surface and then reacting the active surface with a monomer.
- the photograft polymerization method includes methods described in JP-A No. 53-17407 (Kansai Paint) and JP-A No. 2000-212313 (Dainippon Ink).
- a photopolymerizable composition is applied to the surface of a film substrate, and then a radical polymerization compound is contacted and irradiated with light to obtain a graft polymer.
- the terminal of the polymer compound chain has reactivity such as trialkoxysilyl group, isocyanate group, amino group, hydroxyl group, carboxy group. It is also possible to use a method of introducing a polymer compound chain onto the substrate surface by imparting a functional group, causing a coupling reaction between the functional group and the substrate surface functional group.
- a polymerizable compound having the following interactive group A (functional group capable of interacting with conductive particles) and a polymerizable compound having a crosslinkable group are contacted on the surface of the substrate.
- an active site is generated in the exposed portion of the substrate surface, and this active site reacts with the polymerizable group of the polymerizable compound, thereby surface surface polymerization.
- the reaction is caused by bow I.
- These polymerizable compounds may be brought into contact with the substrate surface by immersing the substrate in a liquid composition containing the polymerizable compound, but from the viewpoint of handling, properties and production efficiency. Is preferably carried out by applying a liquid composition containing the polymerizable compound to the substrate surface.
- an interactive group B (in the first aspect, conductive particles are used as the conductive material to be attached to the electroless catalyst or the precursor thereof, and in the second aspect, first, Since the electroless plating catalyst or its precursor is attached to the base material and the conductive material layer is formed there by electroless plating, the same method is used, so the graft polymer pattern forming step is first performed. In the following, it will be explained as a representative one. However, hereinafter, when “interactive group” is simply described, it means “interactive group A or interactive group B”.
- the graft polymer directly bonded on the substrate is a graft polymer having an interactive group and a crosslinkable group, and has an interactive group and a bridging group in the polymer structure! / Swing can exert both functions of adsorption of conductive particles and formation of a crosslinked structure.
- the graft polymer in the present invention is formed by copolymerization of a polymerizable compound having an interactive group and a polymerizable compound having a crosslinkable group.
- the above-mentioned surface draft polymerization method is used. By using this, the graft polymer which is this copolymer can be directly bonded on the substrate.
- the polymerizable compound having an interactive group and the polymerizable compound having a crosslinkable group may both be monomers, macromers, and polymers having a polymerizable group. Although not present, it is particularly preferably a monomer from the viewpoint of polymerizability.
- the monomer having an interactive group and the monomer having a crosslinkable group used for forming the graft polymer one type each may be used, or a plurality of types of monomers may be used in combination. May be.
- the graft polymer in the present invention it is necessary to use at least one monomer having an interactive group and a monomer having a crosslinkable group.
- a monomer having a crosslinkable group it is necessary to use at least one monomer having an interactive group and a monomer having a crosslinkable group.
- Other copolymerization monomers other than that may be used.
- the content ratio of the monomer component having an interactive group and the monomer component having a crosslinkable group in the graft polymer is selected from the viewpoints of coexistence of adsorption of conductive particles and formation of a crosslinked structure. 30:70 to 99: 1, preferably 50:50 to 95: 5, more preferably 60:40 to 90:10.
- the interactive group of the graft polymer is a functional group having an interaction property corresponding to the conductive particles to be adsorbed on the graft polymer.
- the interactive group A is a functional group capable of adsorbing the conductive particles, but if the conductive particles are not adsorbed, the functional group A having a structure used for the crosslinking reaction is used. It can serve as a basis.
- the interactive group possessed by the graft polymer is a functional group having an interactive property depending on the electroless catalyst or the precursor thereof adsorbed on the graft polymer.
- the interactive group B is a functional group capable of adsorbing the electroless plating catalyst or its precursor conductive particles. It may function as a functional group having a structure used for the reaction.
- the interacting group A and the interacting group B in the present invention are more preferably ionic groups that are preferably polar groups. Therefore, a monomer having an ionic group (ionic monomer) is preferably used as the monomer having an interactive group (A or B) in the present invention.
- ionic monomer a monomer having a positive charge such as ammonia or phosphonium, or a negative ion such as sulfonic acid group, carboxyl group, phosphoric acid group, or phosphonic acid group is used. And monomers having an acidic group that can be charged or dissociated into a negative charge.
- the ionic monomer that can form an ionic group that can be suitably used in the present invention, as described above, is a monomer having a positive charge such as ammonia or phospho-um, or Examples thereof include monomers having an acidic group that can dissociate into a negatively charged force such as a sulfonic acid group, a carboxyl group, a phosphoric acid group, or a phosphonic acid group.
- ionic monomer particularly useful in the present invention include the following monomers.
- 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide, N-monomethylo (Meth) acrylamide, N-dimethylol (meth) acrylamide, N-Buylpyrrolidone, N-Bulacetamide, polyoxyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate are useful.
- the monomer having an interactive group in the present invention is particularly preferably a monomer having a eron functional group such as acrylic acid (an eron monomer).
- the crosslinkable group of the graft polymer is a reactive group that reacts with other functional groups of the graft polymer to form a covalent bond, such as a hydroxyl group, a methylol group, a glycidyl group, an isocyanate group. And functional groups such as amino groups.
- the monomer having a crosslinkable group that can be used in the present invention that is, a reactive monomer
- known forces can be appropriately selected and used.
- the monomer having a crosslinkable group examples include, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3 hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2 hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3 hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2 hydroxyethyl methacrylate. , 3 Hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 2 Hydroxybutynole methacrylate, 4-Hydroxybutinoremethacrylate, etc .; hydroxyl groups such as N-methylol acrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide, methylol stearamide, etc.
- glycidyl group such as glycidyl atylate, glycidyl metatalylate, etc .
- isocyanate group such as 2-isocyanate ethyl methacrylate (for example, trade name: Power Lens MOI, Showa Denko); 2 Aminoethyl Atari rates, such as those having amino group such as 2-aminoethyl meth Atari rate is used.
- the solvent used in the liquid composition containing the monomer having an interactive group and the monomer having a crosslinkable group is not particularly limited as long as these monomers as the main components can be dissolved. None of these, but mixtures of water and aqueous solvents such as water-soluble solvents are preferred, and those obtained by further adding a surfactant to the solvent are preferred.
- the water-soluble solvent refers to a solvent that can be mixed with water at an arbitrary ratio.
- examples of such a water-soluble solvent include alcohol solvents such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerin, and acetic acid. Acid, ketone solvents such as acetone, formamide And amide solvents such as
- the coating amount when this liquid composition is applied to the surface of the substrate to form a liquid composition coating layer is calculated by solid conversion from the viewpoint of obtaining sufficient adsorption of conductive particles and obtaining a uniform coating film. preferably is 0. to 10 g / m 2 instrument especially 0. 5 ⁇ 5g / m 2 preferred.
- a surfactant may be added to the liquid composition as necessary.
- any surfactant that is soluble in the solvent in the liquid composition may be used.
- surfactants include cation surfactants such as sodium n-dodecylbenzenesulfonate, n —Cationic surfactants such as dodecyltrimethylammo-um chloride, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether (commercial products such as Emargen 910, manufactured by Kao Corporation), polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (commercially available product) Examples thereof include trade names “Tween 20” and the like, and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ester.
- the monomer having an interactive group and the monomer having a crosslinkable group are brought into contact with the substrate surface, and energy is imparted in a pattern.
- the energy imparting means used here is not particularly limited as long as it can generate an active site on the surface of the base material. However, from the viewpoint of cost and simplicity of the apparatus, a method of irradiating actinic rays is used. It is preferable.
- the active light various powers such as infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, and radiation are used.
- ultraviolet light is preferably used because it is suitable for high-definition pattern exposure.
- radiation electron beams, X-rays, ion beams, far-infrared rays, and the like are used.
- g-line, i-line, Deep-UV light, and high-density energy beam (laser beam) can be used.
- Suitable examples of these light sources include mercury lamps, metal lamps, ride lamps, xenon lamps, chemical lamps, and carbon arc lamps.
- the substrate used in the present invention is a dimensionally stable plate-like material, and any material can be used as long as necessary flexibility, strength, durability, etc. are satisfied, and it is appropriately selected according to the purpose of use. It is done.
- a transparent substrate that requires light transmission for example, glass, plastic film (eg, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose nitrate, polyethylene terephthalate) Polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polybulacetal, etc.).
- plastic film eg, cellulose diacetate, cellulose triacetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose nitrate, polyethylene terephthalate
- Polyethylene polystyrene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polybulacetal, etc.
- polyimide resin bismaleimide resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, epoxy resin, liquid crystal polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene resin Molded oil, silicone substrates, paper, plastic-laminated paper, metal plates (eg, aluminum, zinc, copper, etc.), paper or plastic film with metal laminated or vapor-deposited as described above, etc.
- polyimide resin bismaleimide resin
- polyphenylene oxide resin epoxy resin
- liquid crystal polymer polytetrafluoroethylene resin Molded oil
- silicone substrates paper, plastic-laminated paper, metal plates (eg, aluminum, zinc, copper, etc.), paper or plastic film with metal laminated or vapor-deposited as described above, etc.
- the substrate is appropriately selected according to the use of the conductive pattern material and the relationship with the conductive particles to be adsorbed.
- a substrate having a surface composed of a polymer resin is preferred.
- a transparent inorganic substrate such as a resin film or a glass coated with resin.
- deviation of the composite material in which the surface layer is made of a resin layer is also suitable.
- Representative examples of the base material coated with rosin on the surface include a laminated board having a surface reinforced resin film, a primer-treated base material, and a hard-coated base material.
- Typical examples of the composite material whose surface layer is a resin layer include a resin seal material in which an adhesive layer is provided on the back surface, and a laminated glass that is a laminate of glass and resin.
- the base material may be roughened according to the purpose of use!
- a method for roughening the substrate a known method suitable for the material of the substrate can be selected. Specifically, for example, when the substrate is a resin film, gloss discharge treatment, sputtering, sandblast polishing method, puff polishing method, particle adhesion method, particle coating method and the like can be mentioned.
- a mechanical roughening method can be applied.
- a known method such as a ball polishing method, a brush polishing method, a blast polishing method, or a puff polishing method can be used.
- the substrate in the present invention has a surface on which the graft polymer can be chemically bonded directly.
- the surface of the substrate itself may have such characteristics, and an intermediate layer having such characteristics may be provided on the surface of the substrate.
- the intermediate layer is preferably a layer having an organic surface, particularly when a graft polymer is synthesized by a photograft polymerization method, a plasma irradiation graft polymerization method, or a radiation irradiation graft polymerization method.
- a layer of organic polymer is preferred.
- Organic polymers include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, phenol resin, styrene resin, bull resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, melamine resin, and formalin resin. Synthetic resins such as gelatin, casein, cellulose, and natural resins such as starch can be used.
- the start of graft polymerization also advances the hydrogen abstraction force of the organic polymer.
- Use of urethane resin, styrene resin, vinyl resin, polyester resin, polyamide resin, epoxy resin, etc. is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of production suitability.
- a polymerizable compound and a polymerization initiator are added as a compound that expresses the polymerization initiating ability by applying energy to the substrate surface, and the polymerization initiating ability as an intermediate layer or substrate surface is added.
- the formation of a layer that expresses the ability to generate active sites efficiently during graft polymerization is also preferable.
- the layer expressing the polymerization initiating ability contains necessary components. These can be dissolved in a dissolvable solvent, provided on the surface of the substrate by a method such as coating, and hardened by heating or light irradiation.
- the polymerizable compound used in the polymerizable layer has good adhesion to the substrate, and has a monomer having an interactive group and a monomer having a crosslinkable group by applying energy such as irradiation with active light.
- a hydrophobic polymer having a polymerizable group in the molecule is preferred.
- hydrophobic polymer examples include gen-based homopolymers such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, and polypentagen, and aryl group-containing monomers such as allyl (meth) atalylene and 2-aryloxysutyl methacrylate.
- gen-based homopolymers such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, and polypentagen
- aryl group-containing monomers such as allyl (meth) atalylene and 2-aryloxysutyl methacrylate.
- a gen-based monomer such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene or polypentagen or a allylic group-containing monomer as a structural unit.
- a multi-component copolymer a multi-component copolymer
- linear polymers or three-dimensional polymers having a carbon-carbon double bond in the molecule such as unsaturated polyester, unsaturated polyepoxide, unsaturated polyamide, unsaturated polyacryl, and high-density polyethylene.
- the content of the polymerizable compound is preferably in the range of 0 to LOO% by mass, particularly preferably in the range of 10 to 80% by mass in terms of solid content in the polymerizable layer.
- the polymerizable layer in the present invention preferably contains a polymerization initiator for developing polymerization initiating ability by applying energy.
- the polymerization initiator used here is a known thermal polymerization initiator, photopolymerization initiator, or the like that can exhibit polymerization initiating ability by predetermined energy, for example, irradiation with actinic light, heating, electron beam irradiation, etc. Depending on the situation, it can be appropriately selected and used. Among these, use of photopolymerization having a higher reaction rate (polymerization rate) than thermal polymerization is preferable from the viewpoint of production suitability, and therefore, it is preferable to use a photopolymerization initiator.
- the photopolymerization initiator is active with respect to irradiated actinic rays, and can polymerize a polymerizable compound contained in the polymerizable layer, a monomer having an interactive group, and a monomer having a crosslinkable group. If possible, there are no particular restrictions, for example, radical polymerization initiators, cation polymerization initiators, cationic polymerization initiators, and the like can be used.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include p-tert-butyltrichloroacetophenone, 2,2'-diethoxyacetophenone, and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenone.
- -Acetophenones such as 1-one; benzophenone (4,4'-bisdimethylaminoaminobenzophenone, 2-cyclothioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, 2-ethylthioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, etc.
- Benzoin benzoin methyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin ethers such as benzoin isobutyl ether; benzyl dimethyl ketal, benzyl ketals such as hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, and the like.
- the content of the polymerization initiator is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 70% by mass, particularly preferably in the range of 1 to 40% by mass in terms of solid content in the polymerizable layer.
- the solvent used for applying the polymerizable compound and the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as these components are soluble. From the viewpoint of ease of drying and workability, a solvent having a boiling point not too high is preferred. Specifically, a solvent having a boiling point of about 40 ° C to 150 ° C may be selected.
- the coating amount is sufficient to express sufficient polymerization initiating ability, and from the viewpoint of preventing film peeling by maintaining the film property.
- the mass is preferably 0.1 to 20 g / m 2 and more preferably 1 to 15 g / m 2 .
- the polymerizable layer-forming composition is disposed on the surface of the base material by coating or the like, and the solvent is removed to form a polymerizable layer.
- the film is dried by heating and then preliminarily cured by light irradiation, the polymerizable compound is cured to some extent in advance. Dropping the entire layer is preferable because it can effectively suppress when.
- the reason for using light irradiation for the pre-curing is the same reason as described in the section of the photopolymerization initiator.
- the heating temperature and time may be selected so that the coating solvent can be sufficiently dried, but from the point of production suitability, the temperature is 100 ° C or less and the drying time is preferably within 30 minutes. It is more preferable to select heating conditions in the range of 80 ° C and drying time within 10 minutes.
- the light irradiation performed as desired after heat drying includes, for example, a mercury lamp, metal lamp, ride lamp, xenon lamp, chemical lamp, carbon arc lamp and the like as a light source.
- Examples of radiation include electron beams, X-rays, ion beams, and far infrared rays. Also used are g-line, i-line, deep-UV light, and high-density energy beam (laser beam).
- the polymerizable properties present in the polymerizable layer Even if the compound is partially radically polymerized, it is preferable to irradiate light to such an extent that it is not completely radically polymerized.
- the light irradiation time varies depending on the intensity of the light source, but is generally within 30 minutes. It is preferable.
- As a guideline for such pre-curing there is a force that the film remaining rate after solvent washing is 10% or more and the initiator remaining rate after pre-curing is 1% or more.
- a compound having a polymerization initiating ability is bonded to the surface of the substrate, and the strong compound has a polymerization start.
- An embodiment in which a graft polymer is generated starting from a site can be mentioned.
- the compound having a polymerization initiating ability applicable to the above embodiment include a compound having a substrate binding site (Q) capable of initiating radical polymerization by photocleavage and a polymerization initiating site (Y) (hereinafter referred to as “light” as appropriate). Cleaving compound (QY) ”).
- the photocleavable compound (Q— ⁇ ) In order to bond the photocleavable compound (Q— ⁇ ) to the substrate surface, the photocleavable compound (Q ⁇ ⁇ ) is applied on the substrate, brought into contact with the substrate surface, and the functional group ( ⁇ ) And the substrate binding site (Q), and the photocleavable compound (Q ⁇ ) is introduced onto the substrate surface.
- Specific examples of the functional group ( ⁇ ) present on the substrate surface include a hydroxyl group, a carboxy group, and an amino group. These functional groups may be originally present on the surface of the base material due to the material of the base material on the silicon substrate or glass substrate, and the surface of the base material is subjected to surface treatment such as corona treatment on the surface. It may be present.
- a polymerization initiation site capable of initiating radical polymerization by photocleavage (hereinafter simply referred to as “polymerization initiation site (()”) is a structure containing a single bond that can be cleaved by light.
- the single bond that is cleaved by light includes carbonyl oc cleavage, ⁇ -cleavage reaction, light-free rearrangement reaction, phenacyl ester cleavage reaction, sulfonimide cleavage reaction, sulfo-ester cleavage reaction, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ hydroxysulfonyl ester cleavage reaction, Examples thereof include a single bond that can be cleaved using a benzylimide cleavage reaction, a cleavage reaction of an active halogen compound, and the like. These reactions break a single bond that can be cleaved by light. Examples of the single bond that can be cleaved include C—C bond, C—— bond, C ⁇ bond, C—C1 bond, ⁇ — ⁇ bond, and S— ⁇ bond.
- the polymerization initiation site ( ⁇ ⁇ ) containing a single bond that can be cleaved by light serves as a starting point for graft polymerization in the graft polymer one-pattern formation step, when a single bond that can be cleaved by light is cleaved. , Has the function of generating radicals by its cleavage reaction.
- examples of the structure of the polymerization initiation site ( ⁇ ) having a single bond that can be cleaved by light and capable of generating radicals include structures containing the following groups.
- an aromatic ketone group that is, an aromatic ketone group, a phenacyl ester group, a sulfonimide group, a sulfoester group, a ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -hydroxysulfol ester group, a benzylimide group, a trichloromethyl group, a benzyl chloride group, and the like.
- the polymerization initiation site ( ⁇ ) is cleaved as an energy imparting means. It is necessary to use exposure at a possible wavelength.
- the substrate binding site (Q) is composed of a reactive group capable of reacting and binding with a functional group ( ⁇ ) present on the surface of the substrate.
- a reactive group capable of reacting and binding with a functional group ( ⁇ ) present on the surface of the substrate.
- the following groups can be mentioned.
- the polymerization initiation site (Y) and the substrate binding site (Q) may be directly bonded or may be bonded via a linking group.
- the linking group include a linking group containing an atom selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and io, specifically, for example, a saturated carbon group, an aromatic group, an ester group, Examples thereof include an amide group, a ureido group, an ether group, an amino group, and a sulfonamide group.
- the linking group may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent that can be introduced include an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, and a halogen atom.
- Example Compound 1 to Example Compound 16 of the compound (Q—Y) having a substrate binding site (Q) and a polymerization initiation site (Y) are shown below together with the cleavage portion.
- the present invention is not limited to these.
- the photocleavable compound (Q—Y) is combined with toluene, hexane, acetone.
- a method of dissolving or dispersing in a suitable solvent such as that and applying the solution or dispersion to the surface of the substrate or a method of immersing the substrate in the solution or dispersion may be applied.
- the concentration of the photocleavable compound (Q—Y) in the solution or in the dispersion is preferably 0.01% by mass to 30% by mass, particularly 0.1% by mass to 15% by mass. It is preferable.
- the liquid temperature in the case of contact is preferably 0 ° C to 100 ° C.
- the contact time is preferably 1 second to 50 hours, more preferably 10 seconds to 10 hours.
- the surface has a monomer having an interactive group and a crosslinkable group.
- a method is used in which a monomer is brought into contact and pattern exposure is performed to cleave the polymerization initiation site (Y) in the exposed portion, and a graft polymer is formed starting from this to form a graft polymer pattern.
- a graft polymer pattern can also be formed with the following method. First, on the surface of the base material into which the photocleavable compound (Q—Y) has been introduced, if it is not desired to generate a graft polymer in advance, pattern exposure is performed along the region, and the base surface is bonded. By subjecting the compound (Q—Y) to photocleavage to deactivate the polymerization initiating ability, a polymerization initiation capable region and a polymerization initiating ability deactivated region are formed on the surface of the substrate.
- a graft polymer is formed only in a region where polymerization can be initiated, and as a result, a graft polymer pattern is formed.
- a graft polymer pattern in which a graft polymer is bonded in a pattern is formed on a base material.
- the following (2) conductive particle adsorption layer is described.
- the forming step (2 ′) includes an electroless plating catalyst-containing layer forming step.
- the conductive particles are adsorbed on the interacting groups of the graft polymer formed in a no-turn shape to form a patterned conductive particle adsorbing layer.
- the conductive particles adsorbed on the interactive group of the graft polymer are In order to explain the on-groups, depending on the presence of the ionic groups, they are regularly arranged in a nearly single-layer state, or one nanoscale particle is placed on each ionic group of the long graft polymer chain. As a result, they are arranged in a multilayer state.
- conductive particles at least one kind of fine particles selected from conductive metal particles and metal oxide particles, metal oxide particles and metal compound fine particles having semiconductor characteristics, and conductive resin fine particles should be used. Preferred.
- the conductive metal particles and metal oxide particles can be widely used as long as they are conductive metal or metal oxide powders having a specific resistance of 1 ⁇ 10 3 Q ⁇ cm or less.
- silver Au
- gold Au
- nickel Ni
- copper Cu
- aluminum A1
- tin Sn
- lead Pb
- zinc Zn
- iron Fe
- Platinum Pt
- iridium Ir
- osmium Os
- palladium Pd
- Tin oxide SnO
- ITO Indium
- Tin Oxide Tin Oxide
- RuO ruthenium oxide
- metal oxide particles and metal compound particles having the above characteristics as a semiconductor may be used.
- metal oxide particles and metal compound particles having the above characteristics as a semiconductor may be used.
- Oxide semiconductor particles such as ZnO, and impurities compatible with them are doped.
- spinel-type compound particles such as MgInO and CaGaO
- conductive nitride particles such as TiN, ZrN, and HfN
- conductive boride particles such as LaB
- These conductive particles may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a plurality of materials can be mixed and used in advance.
- the particle size and the amount of adsorption are not limited by the surface charge of the conductive particles and the number of ionic groups. ! It ’s overwhelming! /.
- the particle size of the conductive particles can be selected depending on the purpose and application, but is generally in the range of 0.1 nm to 1 m in terms of conductivity and adsorptivity. Preferably in the range of lnm to 300nm, more preferably in the range of 5nm to lOOnm It is particularly preferred.
- Graft polymer force generated on the substrate When it has an anionic group (an ionic group) such as a carboxyl group, sulfonic acid group, or phosphonic acid group, the interactive group is negative. Since it has a charge, a conductive particle adsorbing layer is formed by adsorbing a force thionic conductive particle having a positive charge.
- an anionic group an ionic group
- a conductive particle adsorbing layer is formed by adsorbing a force thionic conductive particle having a positive charge.
- Examples of such cationic conductive particles include positively charged metal (oxide) fine particles.
- Fine particles having a high density and positive charge on the surface can be obtained, for example, by the method of Toru Yonezawa et al., Namely, T. Yonezawa, Chemistry Letters., 1999 pagel061, ⁇ . Yonezawa, Langumuir 2000, voll6, 5218 and Toru Yonezawa, It can be produced by the method described in Japan vol. 49. 2911 (2000).
- Yonezawa et al. Show that metal particle surfaces can be formed using metal-sulfur bonds and chemically modified with positively charged functional groups at high density.
- the graft polymer produced on the substrate has an interactive group (ionic group) of a cationic group such as an ammonium group described in JP-A-10-296895, Since the active group comes to have a positive charge, the conductive particle adsorption layer is formed by adsorbing the conductive particles having a negative charge here.
- ionic group a cationic group such as an ammonium group described in JP-A-10-296895
- Examples of negatively charged conductive particles include gold or silver particles obtained by citrate reduction.
- a liquid in which the conductive particles are dissolved or dispersed is used as the base material surface on which the graft polymer pattern is formed.
- a method of immersing a base material on which a graft polymer pattern is formed in a liquid in which conductive particles are dissolved or dispersed In either case of coating or dipping, an excessive amount of conductive particles is supplied and introduced by sufficient ionic bonds with the interaction group (ionic group) of the graft polymer.
- the contact time between the dispersion and the surface on which the graft polymer is formed is preferably about 10 to 24 hours, more preferably about 1 to 180 minutes.
- the conductive particles are bound in the maximum amount that can be adsorbed to the hydrophilic group of the graft polymer.
- the dispersion concentration of the dispersion liquid containing conductive particles is preferably about 0.001 to 20% by mass.
- the conductive particles are adsorbed on the interactive group of the graft polymer directly bonded to the base material, so that a patterned conductive particle adsorption layer can be obtained.
- the film thickness of the conductive particle adsorption layer can be selected according to the purpose, but in general, the viewpoint powers such as scratch resistance (film strength) and transparency are in the range of 0.001 m to L0 m.
- the range of 0.01 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m is more preferable, and the range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m is most preferable.
- the graft polymer pattern forming step is followed by the graft polymer pattern forming step, followed by the graft polymer pattern forming step.
- An electroless plating catalyst or a precursor thereof is imparted to the interactive group B of the graft polymer bonded to, thereby forming a patterned electroless plating catalyst-containing layer.
- the electroless plating catalyst used in this step (2 ′) is mainly a zero-valent metal, and examples thereof include Pd, Ag, Cu, Ni, Al, Fe, and Co.
- Pd and Ag are particularly preferable because of their good handleability and high catalytic ability.
- a technique for fixing the zero-valent metal to the graft polymer for example, a technique in which a metal colloid whose charge is adjusted so as to interact with an interactive group in the graft polymer is imparted to the graft polymer.
- a metal colloid can be prepared by reducing a metal ion in a solution containing a charged surfactant or a charged protective agent.
- the charge of the metal colloid can be adjusted by the surfactant or the protective agent used here, and the metal colloid whose charge is adjusted in this way interacts with the interactive group of the graft polymer. Then, the metal colloid (electroless plating catalyst) can be adsorbed on the graft polymer.
- Electroless plating catalyst precursor [0080] Electroless plating catalyst precursor
- the electroless plating catalyst precursor used in this step can be used without particular limitation as long as it can become an electroless plating catalyst by a chemical reaction. Mainly above The metal ion of the zerovalent metal used in the electrolytic plating catalyst is used.
- the metal ion that is an electroless plating catalyst precursor becomes a zero-valent metal that is an electroless plating catalyst by a reduction reaction.
- the metal ion, which is an electroless plating catalyst precursor may be converted into a zero-valent metal by a reduction reaction separately before being immersed in the electroless plating bath after being applied to the substrate, or may be used as an electroless plating catalyst.
- the electrolytic plating catalyst precursor may be immersed in an electroless plating bath and changed to a metal (electroless plating catalyst) by a reducing agent in the electroless plating bath.
- the metal ion that is the electroless plating precursor is applied to the graft polymer in the form of a metal salt.
- the metal salt used is not particularly limited as long as it can be dissolved in a suitable solvent and dissociated into a metal ion and a base (anion) M (NO) n, MCln, M (
- a material in which the above metal salt is dissociated can be suitably used.
- Specific examples include Ag ion, Cu ion, A1 ion, Ni ion, Co ion, Fe ion, and Pd ion, and Ag ion and Pd ion are preferable in terms of catalytic ability.
- the metal colloid As a method for applying a metal colloid as an electroless plating catalyst, or a metal salt as an electroless plating precursor onto a graft pattern, the metal colloid is dispersed in an appropriate dispersion medium, or Then, the metal salt is dissolved in an appropriate solvent to prepare a solution containing dissociated metal ions, and the solution is applied to the surface of the graft polymer-bonded substrate, or the graft polymer is bound in the solution. Soak the substrate. By contacting a solution containing a metal ion, the metal ion can be adsorbed to the interacting group of the graft polymer by utilizing ion ion interaction or dipole ion interaction, or the graft polymer.
- the layer containing can be impregnated with metal ions.
- the metal ion concentration or metal salt concentration in the solution to be contacted is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 50% by mass. More preferably, it is in the range of 1 to 30% by mass.
- the contact time is preferably about 1 minute to 24 hours, more preferably about 5 minutes to 1 hour.
- the electroless catalyst or the precursor thereof is adsorbed or impregnated into the interactive group of the graft polymer directly bonded to the base material in a pattern, so that a patterned electroless metal catalyst is obtained.
- a containing layer can be obtained.
- the film thickness of the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer can be selected depending on the purpose, but from the viewpoint of scratch resistance (film strength) and transparency, the range of 0.001 ⁇ m-lO ⁇ m is generally preferred. A range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m is more preferable, and a range of 0.1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m is most preferable.
- cross-linking structure formation step energy is applied to the conductive particle adsorption layer formed by the conductive particle adsorption step or the electroless metal catalyst-containing layer formed by the electroless metal catalyst-containing layer formation step. By doing so, a crosslinked structure is formed in the conductive particle adsorption layer or the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer.
- conductive groups or interactive groups that are not adsorbed with electroless plating catalyst or the like are used for forming the cross-linked structure.
- the embodiment may be an embodiment where the U (3- 2) interactive group is used only to adsorb conductive particles or electroless plating catalyst, and is not used for forming a crosslinked structure.
- Examples of the graft polymer in the formation of the crosslinked structures (3-1) and (3-2) are as follows.
- Examples of the case (3-1) include a case where the graft polymer is a binary polymer of a monomer having a carboxyl group and a monomer having a glycidyl group.
- the graft polymer is a terpolymer of a monomer having a carboxyl group, a monomer having a hydroxyl group, and a monomer having an isocyanate group
- it is a binary polymer of a monomer having a carboxyl group and a monomer such as N-methylolacrylamide which can react with itself to form a crosslinked structure.
- the cross-linking reaction is caused by applying energy to the conductive particle adsorption layer or the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer.
- energy application include heating, light irradiation, ultrasonic irradiation, and electron beam irradiation.
- the crosslinked structure is formed by heating.
- a reaction between a carboxyl group which is an interactive group of the graft polymer and a glycidyl group which is a crosslinkable group there can be mentioned a reaction between a carboxyl group which is an interactive group of the graft polymer and a glycidyl group which is a crosslinkable group.
- the energy application is performed by heating, as the heating means, for example, An oven or hot plate using a heater, heating by photothermal conversion using infrared rays or visible light, and the like can be used.
- the heat treatment is performed by heating at a force of 50 ° C. to 300 ° C. for about 0.1 second to 60 minutes depending on the type of graft polymer to be formed.
- the energy application is performed by light irradiation
- the light irradiation means for example, light sources in the ultraviolet to visible range such as various mercury lamps from low to high pressure, metal halide lamps, and xenon lamps can be used. .
- a cross-linked structure is formed in the conductive particle adsorption layer.
- the crosslinking rate in this crosslinked structure can be estimated by the mass increase rate after immersing the conductive particle adsorbing layer having the crosslinked structure in a solvent for a certain period of time.
- the solvent used here is selected so as to have a high solvent power having the highest affinity for the conductive particle adsorption layer in which a crosslinked structure is formed.
- water or N, N-dimethylacetamide or the like can be selected.
- the mass increase rate of the conductive particle adsorption layer in which the crosslinked structure is formed is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 10% or less, and even more preferably 5% or less. If the base material provided with such a conductive particle adsorbing layer has no affinity for the solvent used for estimating the cross-linking rate, the cross-linking structure can be obtained even if the base material is immersed in the solvent. The mass increase rate of the conductive particle adsorption layer on which the structure is formed can be calculated.
- a crosslinked structure is formed in the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer in the same manner.
- the cross-linked structure formed by this step is determined by the cross-linking rate between the graft polymers (how many cross-links occur between the graft polymer Z and the graft polymer) and the distance between the cross-linking points.
- the degree of cross-linking affects the ease of electroless plating and the degree of adhesion in the (4) electroless plating process.
- the degree of cross-linking can be estimated by the degree of swelling of the cross-linked film with respect to the solvent after the cross-linking is carried out by calo heat or the like in the absence of an electroless plating catalyst.
- a solvent having the most affinity for the crosslinked membrane is selected as the solvent.
- acrylic acid, acrylamide, etc. also generate monomer power with high affinity for water
- water, methanol, aceto-tolyl, etc. are selected as the solvent.
- the degree of swelling preferable for exerting the effects of the present invention is 0.1 to LOO%, preferably 1.0 to 10% in terms of mass fraction.
- the conductive pattern material can be manufactured by the steps (1) to (3).
- the conductive particles are electrostatically high-density on the interactive groups of the graft polymer by bonding the graft polymer directly on the substrate. And a conductive particle adsorbing layer uniformly adsorbed on the substrate.
- the layer in which the conductive particles are adsorbed in a single layer state or a multilayer state is formed on the interactive group of the graft polymer, high conductivity can be exhibited.
- the conductive particles are firmly fixed in the conductive particle adsorption layer. As a result, the detachment of the conductive particles does not occur, there is no problem of disconnection, and the durability of the conductivity is excellent.
- Such conductive pattern materials can be used for various circuit formation applications, and in particular, since a fine conductive pattern can be formed, a wide range including circuit formation such as micromachines and VLSI is included. Applications are expected. In addition, various applications such as fine electrical wiring, high-density magnetic disks, magnetic heads, magnetic tapes, magnetic sheets, and magnetic disks can be expected, and the application range is wide.
- a material having an electroless plating catalyst-containing layer (a layer containing an electroless plating catalyst or a precursor thereof) in which a crosslinked structure has been formed in the previous step is further added.
- a conductive pattern is formed by performing an electroless plating process.
- the electroless plating is performed on the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer (the layer containing the electroless plating catalyst or a precursor thereof), thereby depositing metal in the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer at a high density.
- a conductive pattern can be formed. The deposited metal is firmly held by the crosslinked structure of the graft polymer.
- Electroless plating An electroless plating is an operation in which a metal is precipitated by a chemical reaction using a solution in which metal ions to be deposited as a plating are melted.
- the substrate on which the layer is formed is washed with water to remove excess electroless plating catalyst (metal ) Is removed and immersed in an electroless plating bath.
- the electroless plating bath used a generally known electroless plating bath can be used.
- the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer contains an electroless plating catalyst precursor and the electroless plating catalyst precursor is immersed or impregnated in the graft polymer, it is immersed in the electroless plating bath. After washing with water to remove excess precursor (metal salt, etc.), it is immersed in an electroless plating bath. In this case, in the electroless plating bath, reduction of the precursor and subsequent electroless plating are performed.
- the electroless plating bath used here a generally known electroless plating bath can be used as described above.
- the composition of a general electroless plating bath mainly includes: 1. metal ions for plating; 2. reducing agents; 3. additives (stabilizers) that improve the stability of metal ions. Yes.
- this plating bath may contain known additives such as stabilizers for the plating bath. Copper, tin, lead, nickel, gold, palladium and rhodium are known as the types of metals used in electroless plating baths. Of these, copper and gold are particularly preferred from the viewpoint of conductivity. .
- a copper electroless plating bath uses Cu (SO) as the copper salt, HCOH as the reducing agent, and copper ion as the additive.
- Chelating agents such as EDTA and Rossiel salt are included.
- the plating bath used for electroless plating of CoNiP has cobalt sulfate, sulfuric acid-kelke as the metal salt, sodium hypophosphite as the reducing agent, sodium malonate as the complexing agent, and sodium malate. Contains sodium succinate.
- the electroless plating bath of radium is (Pd (NH)) C1 as metal ions, NH and H NNH as reducing agents, and EDTA as stabilizers.
- plating baths may contain components other than the above components.
- the film thickness of the conductive film thus formed can be controlled by the concentration of the metal salt or metal ion in the plating bath, the immersion time in the plating bath, the temperature of the plating bath, or the like. From the viewpoint of conductivity, it is preferably 0.5 m or more, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or more. In addition, the immersion time in the plating bath is preferably about 1 minute to 3 hours, and more preferably about 1 minute to 1 hour.
- the conductive pattern obtained as described above shows that the electroless plating catalyst and the fine metal particles are dispersed in the surface graph film by cross-sectional observation using SEM, and further, the conductive pattern is comparatively relatively thick. It was confirmed that large particles were precipitated. Since the interface is a hybrid state of the graft polymer and fine particles, adhesion is good even if the unevenness of the interface between the substrate (organic component) and the inorganic material (electroless plating catalyst or plating metal) is less than lOOnm. Atsuta o
- the electroless plating process may be followed by an electroplating process (electroplating process).
- the conductive pattern formed in this step can be used as an electrode, and further electrical plating can be performed.
- a conductive pattern having an arbitrary thickness can be easily formed on the basis of the conductive pattern having excellent adhesion to the substrate.
- the conductive pattern can be formed to a thickness suitable for the purpose, and the conductive pattern material obtained according to the present invention is applied to various uses that require high conductivity. It is suitable for.
- a conventionally known method can be used as the method of electrical plating.
- examples of the metal used for the electrical plating in this process include copper, chromium, lead, nickel, gold, silver, tin, and zinc. From the viewpoint of conductivity, copper, gold, and silver are preferred. Is more preferable.
- the film thickness of the conductive pattern obtained by electric plating varies depending on the application, and can be controlled by adjusting the metal concentration, immersion time, or current density contained in the plating bath. can do.
- the film thickness when used for general electrical wiring is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of conductivity! /,
- the conductive pattern material can be manufactured by each process according to the manufacturing method of the present invention described above.
- the conductive pattern material obtained by the present invention has a graft polymer bonded directly on a substrate, so that the metal deposited on the graft polymer by electroless plating is electrostatically densely adsorbed uniformly. To do. Further, in the present invention, a metal force single layer state or a multilayer layer deposited by electroless plating on the graft polymer is formed even when the binder is used. For this reason, the conductive pattern material obtained according to the present invention can exhibit high conductivity.
- the electroless plating catalyst or the like contained in the layer is firmly fixed in the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer. Therefore, the metal (conductive material) deposited by the electroless mesh performed thereafter is firmly held by the crosslinked structure, and the metal portion of the metal portion is caused by the environment where the conductive pattern material is used. Retention and sustainability will not be impaired.
- Such conductive pattern materials can be used for various circuit formation applications, and in particular, because they can form fine conductive patterns, they can be used in a wide range including circuit formation such as micromachines and VLSIs. Applications are expected. In addition, various applications such as fine electrical wiring, high-density magnetic disks, magnetic heads, magnetic tapes, magnetic sheets, and magnetic disks can be expected, and the application range is wide.
- ⁇ (188 / ⁇ ⁇ , manufactured by Torayen Earth) as a base material
- the following photopolymerizable composition was applied to the surface using a rod bar No. 18 and dried at 80 ° C for 2 minutes to obtain a film thickness of 6 / A zm intermediate layer was formed.
- substrate A The substrate from which this graft polymer pattern was obtained is referred to as substrate A.
- Substrate A was immersed in a positively charged Ag particle dispersion obtained as follows, and then the surface was thoroughly washed with running water to remove excess particle dispersion, and conductive particles were removed. An adsorbed conductive particle adsorption layer was obtained.
- the substrate A on which the conductive particle adsorption layer is formed is heated at 140 ° C for 5 minutes using a hot plate (model: T2B. Bamstead) to crosslink the carboxyl group and glycidyl group of the graft polymer.
- a crosslinked structure was formed in the conductive particle adsorption layer.
- Example 1 As described above, a conductive pattern material A of Example 1 was obtained.
- the exemplified compound 1 is synthesized by the following two steps. Each step scheme will be described below.
- a glass substrate manufactured by Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd.
- the base material was placed in a separable flask in which nitrogen was replaced, and immersed in a dehydrated toluene solution of 12.5% by mass of Compound A for 1 hour. After taking out, it wash
- a base material having a photocleavable compound introduced on the surface was obtained.
- a pattern mask (NC-1, manufactured by Toppan Printing Co., Ltd.) is clipped to one side of the base material into which the photocleavable compound is introduced, and an exposure machine (UVX-02516S1LP01, manufactured by Usio Electric Co., Ltd.) 1 minute pattern exposure.
- an exposure machine UVX-02516S1LP01, manufactured by Usio Electric Co., Ltd.
- ⁇ click acrylic acid Z glycidyl Tari rate (molar ratio: 80Z20) 5 mass 0/0 of the monomer aqueous solution of 5 ml was dropped, and a quartz plate was placed thereon, and the monomer aqueous solution was uniformly sandwiched between the intermediate layer and the quartz plate. From the quartz plate, the entire surface was exposed for 5 minutes using ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 (UVX-02516SlLP01, manufactured by Usio Electric Co., Ltd.).
- ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 UVX-02516SlLP01, manufactured by Usio Electric Co., Ltd.
- substrate B The substrate on which this graft polymer pattern was obtained is referred to as substrate B.
- Example 2 For this base material B, the same (2) conductive particle adsorption layer forming step and (3) cross-linked structure forming step as in Example 1 were carried out to obtain the conductive pattern material B of Example 2. It was.
- the conductive particle adsorption layers (conductive patterns) of the conductive pattern materials A to D produced in the examples and comparative examples were confirmed with a transmission electron microscope (JEOL JEM-200CX) at a magnification of 100,000 times. However, it was confirmed that fine wiring with a line width of 8 ⁇ mZ and a space width of 8 ⁇ m was formed!
- the conductive pattern materials A to D produced in the examples and comparative examples were each immersed in saturated saline for 10 minutes, and the surface conductivity before and after immersion was compared to evaluate the retention durability of the conductive particles.
- the method for measuring surface conductivity is the same as the method for measuring surface conductivity in the evaluation of conductivity.
- the surface conductivity before immersion is the result of the above surface conductivity evaluation. The measurement results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the conductive polymer material C of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was formed by forming a graft polymer capable of only acrylic acid, forming a conductive particle adsorption layer, and not forming a crosslinked structure in the conductive particle adsorption layer C.
- D shows the same surface conductivity as that of the example before immersion in the saturated saline solution, but after immersion in the saturated saline solution, the surface conductivity is remarkably reduced, and the detachment of the conductive particles does not occur. It is presumed that it occurs.
- This base material A was immersed in a 1% by mass aqueous solution of silver nitrate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) for 1 hour and then washed with distilled water. Thereafter, it was immersed in a 1% by mass aqueous solution of sodium borohydride for 1 hour to form silver fine particles in the graft membrane, thereby forming an electroless plating catalyst-containing layer.
- silver nitrate manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the base material containing the electroless plating catalyst is heated at 140 ° C for 5 minutes using a hot plate (Type T2B, manufactured by Banstea d) to crosslink the carboxyl group and glycidyl group of the graft polymer.
- a crosslinked structure was formed in the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer.
- the substrate having completed the cross-linking structure forming step was immersed in an electroless plating bath having the following composition for 20 minutes to deposit metal (copper), and conductive pattern material E of Example 3 was produced.
- the electroconductive pattern material F produced in Example 4 was electroplated for 15 minutes in the same manner as in Example 3 to produce electroconductive pattern material H.
- the electroconductive pattern materials I and J produced in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were electroplated for 15 minutes in the same manner as in Example 5 to produce electroconductive pattern materials K and L.
- Conductive pattern materials produced in the examples and comparative examples The surface conductivity of the metal parts (conductive patterns) of E to L was measured using four probes using LORESTA-FP (Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.). Measured by the method. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the obtained conductive pattern materials E to L were evaluated by conducting a peeling test using Mylar tape after leaving them for 7 hours under conditions of 100 ° C and 85RH%.
- the evaluation criteria are as follows. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the conductive pattern materials E to H of Examples 3 to 6 in which a crosslinked structure was formed in the patterned electroless plating catalyst-containing layer were highly conductive and excellent in adhesion. It was a conductive film, and even when it was placed under high humidity for a long period of time, the metal part did not peel off, and it was found that the holding durability was excellent. From this, it is estimated that the metal deposited by electroless plating is firmly held by the crosslinked structure of the graft polymer.
- the conductive polymer of Comparative Examples 3 to 6 was formed by forming a graft polymer pattern consisting of only acrylic acid, thereby forming an electroless plating catalyst-containing layer and forming a crosslinked structure in the electroless plating catalyst-containing layer.
- the conductive pattern materials I to L are inferior in both conductivity and adhesion as compared to the conductive films of the examples, and in particular, the retention of the metal part is significantly reduced. It was. From this, it can be inferred that the metal deposited by the electroless plating peels off the graft polymer force due to high humidity.
Abstract
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DE602005024595T DE602005024595D1 (de) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-25 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines elektrisch leitfähigen strukturmaterials |
US11/661,193 US20080038468A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-25 | Method for manufacturing an electro-conductive pattern material |
EP05774860A EP1802184B1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-25 | Method for manufacturing an electro-conductive pattern material |
KR1020077004498A KR100887251B1 (ko) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-25 | 도전성 패턴재료의 제조방법 |
CNB2005800287706A CN100544551C (zh) | 2004-08-26 | 2005-08-25 | 导电性图案材料的制造方法 |
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JP2004246461A JP2006066581A (ja) | 2004-08-26 | 2004-08-26 | 導電性パターン材料の製造方法 |
JP2004246460A JP4348256B2 (ja) | 2004-08-26 | 2004-08-26 | 導電性パターン材料の製造方法 |
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EP (1) | EP1802184B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100887251B1 (ja) |
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EP1581031B1 (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2010-10-06 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Methods of forming a pattern and a conductive pattern |
EP1767989A4 (en) * | 2004-05-31 | 2010-05-05 | Fujifilm Corp | METHOD FOR FORMING A PATTERN PATTERN, PATTERN PATIENT MATERIAL, LITHOGRAPHIC PROCESS, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CONDUCTIVE STRUCTURE, CONDUCTIVE STRUCTURE, PROCESS FOR PREPARING A COLOR FILTER, COLOR FILTER AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MICROLINE |
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US8563873B2 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2013-10-22 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | Substrate with metal film and method for manufacturing the same |
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JP6458204B1 (ja) | 2017-05-08 | 2019-01-23 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | 被覆粒子及びその製造方法 |
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KR100887251B1 (ko) | 2009-03-06 |
EP1802184A1 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
EP1802184A4 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
DE602005024595D1 (de) | 2010-12-16 |
CN100544551C (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
CN101036423A (zh) | 2007-09-12 |
KR20070047797A (ko) | 2007-05-07 |
EP1802184B1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
US20080038468A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
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