WO2006005247A1 - Composant de catalyseur spherique pour reaction de polymerisation d'olefines et catalyseur constitue par ce composant - Google Patents

Composant de catalyseur spherique pour reaction de polymerisation d'olefines et catalyseur constitue par ce composant Download PDF

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WO2006005247A1
WO2006005247A1 PCT/CN2005/000965 CN2005000965W WO2006005247A1 WO 2006005247 A1 WO2006005247 A1 WO 2006005247A1 CN 2005000965 W CN2005000965 W CN 2005000965W WO 2006005247 A1 WO2006005247 A1 WO 2006005247A1
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catalyst component
spherical
magnesium
component according
spherical catalyst
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PCT/CN2005/000965
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yuanyi Yang
Hongbin Du
Zhenhu Li
Zhiwu Wang
Zhong Tan
Kai Zhang
Xianzhi Xia
Tianyi Li
Xinsheng Wang
Tianyi Zhang
Wei Chen
Xuan Zheng
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China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation
Beijing Research Institute Of Chemical Industry, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation
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Application filed by China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Beijing Research Institute Of Chemical Industry, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation filed Critical China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation
Priority to EP05762388A priority Critical patent/EP1767548A4/en
Priority to CA2572506A priority patent/CA2572506C/en
Priority to KR1020077002848A priority patent/KR101173326B1/ko
Priority to BRPI0512759-9A priority patent/BRPI0512759A/pt
Priority to JP2007519598A priority patent/JP5038135B2/ja
Publication of WO2006005247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006005247A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/42Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
    • C08F4/44Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
    • C08F4/60Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/62Refractory metals or compounds thereof
    • C08F4/64Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/0201Oxygen-containing compounds
    • B01J31/0211Oxygen-containing compounds with a metal-oxygen link
    • B01J31/0212Alkoxylates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F10/00Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F10/04Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
    • C08F10/06Propene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F4/00Polymerisation catalysts
    • C08F4/02Carriers therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/10Polymerisation reactions involving at least dual use catalysts, e.g. for both oligomerisation and polymerisation
    • B01J2231/12Olefin polymerisation or copolymerisation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/40Complexes comprising metals of Group IV (IVA or IVB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/46Titanium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F110/00Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • C08F110/04Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
    • C08F110/06Propene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2410/00Features related to the catalyst preparation, the catalyst use or to the deactivation of the catalyst
    • C08F2410/06Catalyst characterized by its size

Definitions

  • magnesium chloride alkoxide particles are prepared by a spray drying method, a spray cooling method, a high pressure extrusion method or a high speed stirring method.
  • W08707620, 09311166, US5100849 US5468698 and US6020279, etc. disclose a series of processes for the preparation of catalysts for the polymerization of olefins, wherein the magnesium chloride alcoholate is generally prepared by spray cooling, which has an alcohol/magnesium chloride molar ratio of 3
  • the ⁇ 6 magnesium chloride alcoholate melt was spray-cooled to obtain spherical alcoholate particles.
  • the disadvantage of this method is that the process conditions are more complicated to control, and the prepared catalyst particles have a large diameter and a low catalytic activity.
  • U.S. Patent 4,469,648 discloses the preparation of a spherical olefin polymerization catalyst.
  • the method wherein the magnesium chloride alkoxide particles used for preparing the catalyst are prepared by a high-pressure extrusion method, wherein the viscous kerosene, paraffin oil, white oil and the like are used as a reaction medium, and the temperature of the reaction system is raised to 120-130 ° C. After maintaining for a while, the reactor was filled with high-purity nitrogen gas to bring the pressure in the reactor to 10 to 15 atm.
  • the mixture of the magnesium chloride alcoholate melt and the reaction medium is discharged into the cooling medium through a discharge pipe; the length of the discharge pipe is 3 to 10 m, the inner diameter of the pipe is 1 to 2 mm, and the flow rate of the mixed liquid in the pipe is about It is 4 ⁇ 7m / s.
  • the solid particles obtained after cooling were collected, washed, and dried to obtain magnesium chloride alcoholate particles.
  • the method has high requirements on the equipment, and the obtained magnesium chloride alcoholate particles have a poor morphology, so that the finally prepared catalyst particles have a poor morphology, the particle morphology of the polymer is not ideal, and the bulk density of the polymer is not high.
  • Catalysts for the polymerization of olefins are disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,390,054, EP 0 395 383, US Pat. No. 6, 313, 430, and US Pat. No. 6,332, 152, and the like, wherein the magnesium chloride alkoxide particles are prepared by a high-speed stirring method using a high-speed stirring to melt the alcoholate into a small liquid.
  • the form of the droplets is dispersed into an inert medium having a certain viscosity, and then the mixture is discharged into the cooled cooling shield which has been previously lowered to a low temperature at a certain flow rate to be solidified and solidified, thereby obtaining spherical magnesium chloride alcoholate particles.
  • the process is relatively simple, and the disadvantage is that the obtained magnesium chloride alkoxide particles are large, the particle size distribution is wide, and the activity of the prepared catalyst is also unsatisfactory.
  • the inventors have surprisingly found that by preparing a magnesium halide/alcohol adduct particle by using a novel method, and then contacting the magnesium oxide/alcohol adduct with a transition metal compound, a spherical shape for olefin polymerization can be obtained.
  • the catalyst component and the catalyst have good morphology and narrow particle size distribution, are highly active for olefin polymerization, especially propylene polymerization, and have good polymer particle morphology and high bulk density.
  • the activated magnesium spherical support is a solid particle obtained by rotationally dispersing a 3 ⁇ 4 magnesium/alcohol adduct melt under a supergravity field.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a spherical catalyst component for olefin polymerization comprising at least one titanium compound and optionally at least one electron donor compound supported on a spherical surface of an active surface magnesium.
  • the catalyst component is used for the olefin polymerization, the bulk density of the obtained polymer powder is greater than or equal to 0. 48g / cm 3 .
  • It is still another object of the present invention to provide a catalyst for the polymerization of CH 2 CHR olefins, wherein R is hydrogen or 0 (a 12 alkyl or aryl group, a reaction product comprising the following components:
  • an external electron donor component (2) Optionally, an external electron donor component.
  • It is still another object of the present invention to provide a process for the polymerization of olefins CH 2 CHR wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group having a Cr > 0 12 comprising the polymerization conditions of the olefin and optional comonomer Next, it is contacted with the catalyst of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a supergravity rotating bed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention
  • the term “polymerization” includes homopolymerization and copolymerization.
  • the term “polymer” includes homopolymers, copolymers and terpolymers.
  • the term “catalyst component” means a procatalyst component or a procatalyst which, together with a cocatalyst component and optionally an external electron donor, form a catalyst for the polymerization of olefins.
  • the present invention provides a spherical catalyst component for olefin polymerization comprising at least one titanium compound supported on a 13 ⁇ 4 magnesium active carrier and optionally at least one electron donor compound, wherein
  • the magnesium halide active carrier is a solid particle obtained by rotationally dispersing a magnesium halide/alcohol adduct melt under a supergravity field.
  • the magnesium halide active carrier has an average particle diameter of (D50) 10 to 150 ⁇ m, preferably 15 to 90 ⁇ m. Particle size distribution index (D90-D10) / D50 ⁇ 1.5, preferably (D90-D10) / D50 ⁇ 1.3.
  • the magnesium active carrier is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
  • the contact reaction of the magnesium oxide with the alcohol described in the above method is usually carried out in a reactor equipped with agitation.
  • a suitable magnesium halide is represented by Mg(OR 1 ) 2 , wherein R 1 is a d-C 14 hydrocarbon group, from ? In the case of Cl, Br or a mixture thereof, m is 1 or 2, and preferably R 1 is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group.
  • the magnesium halide compound include, but are not limited to, magnesium dichloride, magnesium dibromide, magnesium phenoxide chloride, magnesium isopropoxide chloride, magnesium butoxide chloride, and the like, among which magnesium dichloride is preferred.
  • the magnesium compound can be single Used alone or in combination.
  • Suitable alcohols have the general formula R 2 0H, wherein R 2 is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • the alcohols may be used singly or in combination.
  • Preferred alcohols are decyl alcohol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, isoamyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, chlorohydrin, trichloroethanol and their mixture.
  • the alcohol is used in an amount such that the resulting adduct is solid at room temperature and is liquid at elevated temperatures, e.g., at 90-150 °C.
  • the molar ratio of alcohol to magnesium halide varies with the different types of alcohol and magnesium halide.
  • the molar ratio of the alcohol to the magnesium chloride is 2 to 6, preferably 2. 5 to 4. This molar ratio allows the alcoholate to be solid at room temperature but melts at elevated temperatures, e.g., at temperatures from 100 °C to 135 °C.
  • the contact reaction of the magnesium halide with the alcohol is carried out under heating, and the final reaction temperature is such as to reach a temperature at which the magnesium halide/alcohol adduct can be melted.
  • the final reaction temperature is typically 90 to 150 ° C, preferably 110 ° C to 140 ° C, more preferably 120 ° C to 130 °. C.
  • the inert liquid medium may be any liquid which is immiscible with the molten adduct and is chemically inert, and generally uses a liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon inert solvent such as kerosene, paraffin oil, petroleum jelly, white oil, etc.
  • a liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon inert solvent such as kerosene, paraffin oil, petroleum jelly, white oil, etc.
  • organosilicon compound or surfactant may be added.
  • the present invention preferably uses white oil or a mixture of white oil and silicone oil.
  • the 13 ⁇ 4 magnesium active carrier used in the catalyst component of the present invention is prepared by rotating a mixture of a magnesium halide/alcohol adduct melt and an inert liquid shield at a high speed in a supergravity field.
  • the melt of the adduct is dispersed into uniform droplets, which mainly utilizes the characteristics that the shield between the materials in the supergravity field can be greatly enhanced.
  • This hypergravity field environment can be accomplished with a supergravity rotating device.
  • the mixture of the magnesium/alcohol adduct melt prepared in step (1) and an inert liquid medium is subjected to high speed rotational dispersion in a supergravity rotating bed.
  • the basic structure of the supergravity rotating bed is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the mixture of the magnesium halide/alcohol adduct melt and the inert liquid medium enters the supergravity rotating bed from the feed port 1 at a flow rate through the static liquid distributor 2 disposed at the center of the rotor. Sprayed on the inner edge of the high-speed rotating packing, the material flow is sheared into fine droplets by the high-speed rotating filler 3, which strengthens the micro-mixing of the alcoholate and the inert medium, so that the magnesium/alcohol adduct melts.
  • the body is uniformly dispersed in an inert medium in the form of small droplets, and the material is thrown by the high-speed rotating filler and then withdrawn through the discharge port 4 to obtain a uniformly dispersed magnesium halide/alcohol adduct molten dispersion.
  • Rotating packed bed of filler may be employed in the corrugated metal mesh packing having an average pore diameter of 0. 1 - 8mm, a porosity of 90--99%, specific surface area 100 - 3000m 2 / m 3, the diameter of the filler wire with 0.1 05--0 5 ⁇ .
  • the rotational speed of the supergravity rotating bed is controlled at 100 - 3000 rpm, preferably 150-2500 rpm, preferably 500 - 2000 rpm.
  • the dispersion effect can be easily adjusted by controlling the speed of rotation.
  • particles of the magnesium oxide/alcohol adduct which can be used in the present invention can be formed.
  • the material of the supergravity rotating bed discharge port 4 can usually be introduced into a container with agitated, built-in coolant to make it!
  • the 3 ⁇ 4 magnesium/alcohol adduct is rapidly cooled and shaped to form solid spherical particles.
  • the average particle diameter thereof is (D50) 10 - 150 ⁇ m, preferably 15 to 90 ⁇ m.
  • the average particle size (D50) can be adjusted by changing the rotation speed of the supergravity rotating bed, the wire diameter of the filler used, the average pore diameter of the filler, the thickness of the filler layer, and the diameter of the rotating bed.
  • the above cooling liquid uses an inert hydrocarbon compound having a relatively low boiling point such as petroleum ether, raffinate oil, pentane, hexane, heptane or the like.
  • the temperature of the coolant is controlled between - 20 ° C and - 40 ° C before contact with the material.
  • the cooled solid spherical particles are filtered, washed with a washing liquid, and dried to obtain a cerium halide/alcohol adduct granule product.
  • the washing liquid is a low-boiling inert hydrocarbon compound such as petroleum ether, raffinate oil, pentane, hexane, heptane, etc., and the washing temperature is room temperature.
  • the average particle size and particle size distribution of the solid particles were measured by a laser particle size analyzer, and the particle size distribution index was defined as (D90 - D10 ) / D50, which is preferable in the present invention.
  • One type of laser particle size analyzer that can be used is APA5002, manufactured by Mavern Ins trument s Ltd. Malvern, UK.
  • thermogravimetric analyzer One type of thermogravimetric analyzer that can be used is PE-7, manufactured by P-E.
  • a magnesium active carrier by reacting with at least one transition metal compound and optionally at least one electron donor compound, to obtain a catalyst component of the invention for olefin polymerization, in particular propylene polymerization, thereby obtaining the inventive catalyst.
  • the ruthenium carrier particles having a smaller average particle diameter and a narrower particle distribution prepared by the above method are used to polymerize the obtained catalyst with the magnesium chloride/alcohol adduct prepared by the prior art. Compared with the catalyst, the polymerization activity is higher and the stereospecificity is stronger, and the obtained polymer has a good morphology and a higher bulk density.
  • the spherical catalyst component for olefin polymerization of the present invention comprises at least one titanium compound supported on the above-mentioned magnesium halide active carrier and optionally at least one electron donor Compound.
  • the titanium compound is particularly preferably a titanium compound represented by the formula Ti(OR 3 ), wherein R 3 is independently d ⁇ C 2 . Hydrocarbyl group, preferably d ⁇ C 2 . Alkyl; X is halogen, independently from? , Cl, Br, I or a mixture thereof; n is an integer from 0 to 4, m is an integer from 0 to 4, and the sum of n and m is 3 or 4.
  • titanium tetrachloride titanium tetrabromide, titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabutoxide, titanium tetraethoxide, titanium monochlorobutoxide, titanium dichlorodibutoxide, and trichloro-butyl
  • titanium tetrachloride titanium tetrabromide, titanium tetrachloride, titanium tetrabutoxide, titanium tetraethoxide, titanium monochlorobutoxide, titanium dichlorodibutoxide, and trichloro-butyl
  • oxytitanium, monochlorotriethoxytitanium, dichlorodiethoxytitanium, trichloromonoethoxytitanium, titanium trichloride or a mixture thereof is preferably titanium tetrachloride.
  • the loading of the titanium compound can be accomplished by any method known in the art.
  • the loading of the titanium compound is carried out by suspending the adduct in cold titanium tetrachloride or a mixture of titanium tetrachloride and an inert solvent (the temperature of the liquid is usually -30 ° C). 5-2. The temperature is maintained at 0. 5-2. The temperature is maintained at 0. 5-2. After 0 hours, the liquid is then filtered off and the solid component is recovered.
  • This treatment with titanium tetrachloride can be carried out one or more times, preferably 2 to 4.
  • the inert solvent is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon or an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as: Alkane, heptane, octane, decane, toluene, and the like.
  • the 3 ⁇ 4 magnesium/alcohol adduct may be treated with at least one internal electron donor compound before, during or after the reaction with the titanium compound, and the treatment may be carried out one or more times.
  • the catalyst component used for the polymerization of propylene in order to obtain a highly isotactic propylene polymer, the addition of such an internal electron donor compound is very necessary.
  • Suitable internal electron donor compounds include esters, ethers, ketones, amines, silanes, and the like. Preference is given to mono- or poly-aliphatic carboxylic acid esters or aromatic carboxylic acid esters, for example: benzoic acid esters, Phthalates, malonates, succinates, glutarates, adipates, pivalates, sebacates, maleates, naphthalene dicarboxylates, partial A trimellitate, a trimellitate, a pyromellitic acid ester or a carbonate.
  • ethyl benzoate diethyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate Ester, di-n-octyl phthalate, diethyl malonate, dibutyl malonate, diethyl 2,3-diisopropylsuccinate, 2,3-diisopropylamber Diisobutyl acrylate, di-n-butyl 2,3-diisopropylsuccinate, dimethyl 2,3-diisopropylsuccinate, diisobutyl 2,2-dimethylsuccinate, Diisobutyl 2-ethyl-2-methylsuccinate, diethyl 2-ethyl-2-methylsuccinate, diethyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diethyl sebacate Ester, dibutyl sebacate, diethyl maleate, diethyl male
  • Another preferred internal electron donor compound is a diether compound, preferably a 1, 3-diether of the formula (I).
  • R 1 R n , R i , R IV , 1 ⁇ and 11" are the same or different from each other and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen atom, a linear or branched d-C ⁇ alkyl group, C 3 - C 2 .
  • An alkyl group, C 6 - C 2 aryl, C 7 -C 2Q alkaryl, C 7 - C 2 , one of aralkyl groups, and R v and R vm may be the same or different from each other, selected from Linear or branched d-C 2 .alkyl, C 3 -C 2 .cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 2 .aryl, C 7 —C 2 .alkylaryl, C 7 —C 2 .
  • One of the alkyl groups; a group of R 1 - R VI may be bonded to form a ring.
  • ! ⁇ and ! ⁇ are independently 1,3 of the alkyl group. Diether.
  • Suitable electron donor compounds also include the polyester compounds of the formula (II) described in Chinese Patent No. CN1436766.
  • Rr"R 6 , R 1 - R 2n groups are the same or different hydrogen, halogen or a substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched dC 2 alkyl group, C 3 -C 2 cycloalkyl group , C 6 -C 2 .monocyclic or polycyclic aryl, C 7 -C 2 alkaryl, C 7 -C 2 , aralkyl, CrC.
  • alkene or CrC ⁇ , ⁇ and R 2 are not Hydrogen
  • R 3 - R 6 and RR 211 groups optionally contain one or more heteroatoms as carbon or hydrogen atoms or a substituent of the two, the hetero atom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, silicon, phosphorus or
  • One or more of the halogen atoms, R 3 - ⁇ and R 1 - R 2n groups may be joined to form a ring; n is an integer from 0 to 10.
  • polyester compounds represented by the formula (III) and the formula (IV) are preferred.
  • RrR ⁇ R : -R 2 group is as defined in the formula (II), and R' is the same or different hydrogen, halogen atom, linear or branched d-alkyl group, C 3 -C 2 . Cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 2 . Aryl, C plant C 2 . Alkaryl or C 7 -C 2Q aralkyl.
  • the catalyst component of the invention has greater than or equal to 200 m 2 /g, preferably greater than or equal And a pore volume of greater than or equal to 0. 25 ml / g, preferably greater than or equal to 0. 28 ml / g.
  • the specific surface area and porosity of the catalyst component were determined by adsorption and desorption methods.
  • One type of adsorption and desorption instrument that can be used is ASAP2010N, manufactured by MICROMERITICS, USA.
  • the invention provides a catalyst for the polymerization of olefins comprising the reaction product of the following components:
  • a the above spherical catalyst component of the present invention (titanium-containing active component); b, an alkyl aluminum compound component, the formula of which is represented by AlR 4 n X 3 - n , wherein R 4 is independently d ⁇ C 2 .
  • One or two or more kinds of alkyl aluminum may be used in combination, and the above-mentioned alkyl aluminum compound is generally used in an Al/Ti molar ratio of from 1 to 1000;
  • an external electron donor compound such as a mono- or polyfunctional carboxylic acid, a carboxylic anhydride and a carboxylic acid ester, a ketone, an ether, an alcohol, a lactone, and an organophosphorus and organosilicon compound.
  • organosilicon compounds 0 ⁇ The molar amount of the alkyl aluminum compound is preferably 0. 01 ⁇ 0. 25 moles.
  • the use of external electron donor compounds in olefin polymerization catalysts is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the external electron donor preferably contains at least one Si-OR bond and has the formula R 5 a R 6 b Si (0R 7 ).
  • a silicon compound wherein a and b are integers from 0 to 2, c is an integer from 1 to 3 and the sum of (a+b+c) is 4; R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are a hydrocarbon group of dC 18 ,
  • the ground contains a hetero atom.
  • Particularly preferred silicon compounds wherein a is 1, b is 1, c is 2, and at least one of R 5 and R 6 is selected from branched alkyl, alkenyl, alkylene having 3 to 10 carbon atoms A base, cycloalkyl or aryl group, optionally containing a hetero atom, and R 7 is d-.
  • Alkyl group especially methyl.
  • Examples of preferred silicon compounds include But not limited to cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane, diisopropyldimethoxysilane, di-n-butyldimethoxysilane, diisobutyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxy Silane, mercapto tert-butyldimethoxysilane, dicyclopentyldimethoxysilane, 2-ethylpiperidinyl-tert-butyldimethoxysilane, ( 1, 1, 1-trifluoro- 2-propyl)-2-ethylpiperidinyldimethoxysilane and (1, 1, 1-trifluoro-2-yl)-methyldimethoxysole.
  • a preferred silicon compound is also a silicon compound of the above formula wherein a is 0, b is 1, c is 3, R 6 is a branched alkyl or cycloalkyl group, optionally containing a hetero atom, and R 7 Is a methyl group.
  • Examples of such silicon compounds are cyclohexyltrimethoxysilane, tert-butyltrimethoxysilane and tert-hexyltrimethoxysilane.
  • a 1, 3-diether compound of the formula (I) can be selected as an external electron donor, wherein 2-isopropyl-2-isopentyl-1,3-dimethoxypropane, 9, 9 - Bis(methoxymethyl) hydrazine is particularly preferred.
  • the alkyl aluminum compound component b and the optional external electron donor compound component c may be contacted with the active component a either singly or as a mixture of the two components.
  • the polymerization of the olefin is carried out according to a known method, in a liquid phase of a liquid monomer or a solution of a monomer in an inert solvent, or in a gas phase, or by a combined polymerization process in a gas phase.
  • the polymerization temperature is usually from 0 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably from 60 ° C to 100 ° C. C.
  • the polymerization pressure is normal pressure or higher. detailed description
  • the liquid was filtered off; 50 ml of hexane and 50 ml of titanium tetrachloride were added, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C, and the liquid was filtered off after maintaining the temperature at 80 ° C for 0.5 hours; 100 ml of tetrachloro was added. Titanium, the temperature was raised to 120 ° C, and maintained at 120 ° C for 0.5 hours, the liquid was filtered off; then the obtained solid was washed 5 times with 60 ° C hexane, each time the amount of hexane was 60 ml; Finally, the obtained solid matter was vacuum dried in a nitrogen atmosphere at 45 °C. That is, a spherical catalyst component is obtained.
  • the hexane solution of the triethylaluminum was added to a hexane solution (the concentration of triethylaluminum was 0.5 mmol/ml), and the hexane solution was added to the propylene gas at a temperature of 70 ° C for 1 hour.
  • CHMMS cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilane
  • the rotor has a rotational speed of 1500 rpm
  • the filler is a corrugated metal mesh filler having a wire diameter of 0.2 leg, a porosity of 97.8%, and a specific surface area of 852 m 2 /m 3 .
  • Example 2 Operation was the same as in Example 1, except that the rotational speed of the supergravity rotating bed was adjusted to 1200 rpm. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 3 Operation was the same as in Example 1, except that the rotational speed of the supergravity rotating bed was adjusted to 2000 rpm. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 4 Operation was the same as in Example 1, except that the rotational speed of the supergravity rotating bed was adjusted to 2,500 rpm. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 6 The amount of ethanol was adjusted to 13. 6kg. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 6 The operation was the same as in Example 1, except that the amount of ethanol fed was adjusted to 14.6 kg. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 7 The same operation in Example 3 except that the feed amount of ethanol was adjusted to results in Table 1 14.6k go.
  • Example 8 The operation was the same as in Example 4 except that the amount of ethanol fed was adjusted to 14.6 kg. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the magnesium chloride/alcohol adduct particles were prepared according to the method disclosed in Example 1 of the Chinese Patent No. CN1330086A (high agitation method), and the stirring speed in the step (2) was 2000 rpm. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • Examples 9-16 Using the magnesium chloride/alcohol adducts obtained in the above Examples 1-8, the preparation of the catalyst components was carried out in accordance with the general procedure for preparing the spherical catalyst component, and the general procedure of the polymerization of propylene was carried out. . The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Comparative Example 2 Using the magnesium chloride/alcohol adduct obtained in Comparative Example 1, the preparation of the catalyst component was carried out in accordance with the above general procedure for preparing the spherical catalyst component, and the evaluation was carried out in accordance with the above general procedure of propylene polymerization. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • DNBP di-n-butyl phthalate.
  • the catalyst of the present invention is a olefin polymerization catalyst supported by a magnesium chloride/alcohol adduct prepared by a high stirring method in the prior art. In comparison, the polymerization activity is higher and the stereospecificity is stronger, and the obtained polymer has a good morphology and a higher bulk density.

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Description

用于烯烃聚合反应的球形
催化剂组分及其催化剂 相关申请的交叉参考
本申请要求 2004年 7月 5 日提交的 CN200410062291. 3的优 先权, 通过引用将其整体结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种烯烃聚合用的球形催化剂组分和催化剂, 以 及它在 α -烯烃 CH2=CHR单体及其与共聚单体的混合物的聚合反应 中的应用, 其中 R是氢或 d-C12的烷基或芳基。 更具体地说, 涉 及一种采用超重力旋转床技术制备的! ¾化镁 /醇加合物颗粒制备 的球形催化剂组分和催化剂 , 以及该催化剂在 o -烯烃 CH2-CHR单 体及其与共聚单体的混合物的聚合反应中的应用, 其中 R是氢或
1 - 12个碳原子的烷基或芳基。
技术背景
在用于烯烃聚合、 特别是丙烯聚合的球形催化剂中, 以氯化 镁醇合物颗粒作为载体是众所周知的。在已公开的催化剂体系中, 所述的氯化镁醇合物颗粒是通过喷雾干燥法、 喷雾冷却法、 高压 挤出法或高速搅拌法等方法制备的。
W08707620, 09311166, US5100849 US5468698和 US6020279 等公开了一系列用于烯烃聚合的催化剂的制备方法, 其中所述的 氯化镁醇合物一般是采用喷雾冷却法制备的,其是将醇 /氯化镁摩 尔比为 3 ~ 6的氯化镁醇合物熔体进行喷雾冷却,从而得到球形醇 合物颗粒。 该方法的缺点在于工艺条件控制较复杂, 所制备的催 化剂颗粒直径大, 催化活性不高。
美国专利 US 4469648公开了一种制备球形烯烃聚合催化剂的 方法, 其中制备催化剂所用的氯化镁醇合物颗粒釆用高压挤出法 制备, 该方法以粘度较小的煤油、 石蜡油、 白油等为反应介质, 反应体系温度升至 120 ~ 130°C并维持一段时间后, 向反应釜内充 入高纯氮气, 使反应釜内压力达到 10 ~ 15大气压。 之后, 氯化镁 醇合物熔体和反应介质的混合物通过一根卸料管卸入冷却介质 中; 卸料管的长度为 3 ~ 10m, 管内径为 l ~ 2mm, 混合液在管内的 流动速率约为 4 ~ 7m/s。 收集冷却后得到的固体颗粒, 并对其进 行洗涤、 干燥, 即得到氯化镁醇合物颗粒。 该方法对设备的要求 较高, 而且所得到的氯化镁醇合物颗粒的形态欠佳, 从而使得最 终制备的催化剂颗粒形态欠佳, 聚合物的颗粒形态不够理想, 聚 合物的堆积密度不高。
US4399054, EP0395383, US6127304和 US6323152等公开了 用于烯烃聚合的催化剂, 其中所述的氯化镁醇合物颗粒均是采用 高速搅拌法制备的, 该工艺是利用高速搅拌把醇合物熔体以小液 滴的形式分散到有一定粘度的惰性介质中, 之后将混合液以一定 的流速卸入已预先降至低温的、 搅拌着的冷却介盾中冷却固化成 形, 即得到球形氯化镁醇合物颗粒。 该工艺方法比较简单, 缺点 在于得到的氯化镁醇合物颗粒较大, 粒度分布较宽, 所制备的催 化剂的活性也不令人满意。
现在, 本发明人出人意料地发现, 通过使用新的方法制备卤 化镁 /醇加合物颗粒, 然后使 ¾化镁 /醇加合物与过渡金属化合物 接触, 可以得到一种用于烯烃聚合的球形催化剂组分和催化剂, 该催化剂颗粒形态良好, 粒度分布窄, 用于烯烃聚合、 特别是丙 烯聚合时具有很高的活性, 而且得到的聚合物颗粒形态良好, 堆 密度高。
发明概迷 本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于烯烃聚合的球形催化剂组 分, 其包含负载于活性卤化镁球形载体上的至少一种钛化合物和 任选地至少一种给电子体化合物, 其中所述的活性 化镁球形载 体是通过使 ¾化镁 /醇加合物熔体在超重力场下旋转分散而得到 的固体颗粒。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于烯烃聚合的球形催化剂 组分, 其包含负载于活性面化镁球形载体上的至少一种钛化合物 和任选地至少一种给电子体化合物, 并且当该催化剂组分用于烯 烃聚合时, 得到的聚合物粉末的堆积密度大于或等于 0. 48g/cm3
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种用于 CH2=CHR烯烃聚合反应 的催化剂, 其中 R为氢或 0广( 12的烷基或芳基, 包含下述组分的 反应产物:
( 1 ) 本发明的球形催化剂组分;
( 2 ) 烷基铝化合物; 和
( 3 ) 任选地, 外给电子体组分。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种烯烃 CH2=CHR聚合的方法, 其中 R为氢或 Cr> 012的烷基或芳基, 包括使所述烯烃及任选的共 聚单体在聚合条件下, 与本发明的催化剂接触。 附图简要说明
附图 1 是按照本发明一个实施方案的超重力旋转床的示意 图。 发明详述
在本申请中, 术语 "聚合" 包括均聚和共聚。 在本申请中, 术语 "聚合物" 包括均聚物、 共聚物和三元共聚物。 在本申请中, 术语 "催化剂组分" 是指主催化剂组分或前催 化剂, 其与助催化剂组分及任选的外给电子体一起形成用于烯烃 聚合的催化剂。
在一个方面, 本发明提供了一种用于烯烃聚合的球形催化剂 组分, 其包含负载于 1¾化镁活性载体上的至少一种钛化合物和任 选地至少一种给电子体化合物, 其中所述的卤化镁活性载体是通 过卤化镁 /醇加合物熔体在超重力场下旋转分散而得到的固体颗 粒。
所述的卤化镁活性载体的平均粒径为(D50) 10- 150μιη, 优 选为 15 ~ 90 μ ιη。 粒度分布指数(D90-D10) /D50 < 1.5, 优选 (D90-D10) /D50<1.3。
优选地, 所述的 |¾化镁活性载体通过包括以下步驟的方法制 备:
(1) 在惰性液体介质中, 将卤化镁与醇接触, 制备卤化镆 /醇加合物熔体,
( 2 ) 将步骤( 1 )制备的卤化镁 /醇加合物熔体与惰性液体 介质的混合物,在超重力场下高速旋转分散,得到 ¾化镁 /醇加合 物熔融分散体, 和
( 3 ) 冷却步骤( 2 )所得的熔融分散体, 形成 化镁 /醇加 合物颗粒。
上述方法中所述的 化镁与醇接触反应, 通常是在装有搅拌 的反应器中进行的。其中适用的卤化镁如 Mg (OR1) 2 所示, 式中 R1是 d~C14烃基, 从?、 Cl、 Br或其混合物中选取, m为 1或 2, 优选 R1是直链, 支链或环状的烷基。 卤化镁化合物的实例包括但 不限于: 二氯化镁、 二溴化镁、 氯化苯氧基镁、 氯化异丙氧基镁、 氯化丁氧基镁等, 其中优选二氯化镁。 所述 化镁化合物可以单 独或混合使用。
适用的醇的通式为 R20H, 其中 R2是 1-12个碳原子的烷基、 环烷基或芳基。 所述醇可以单独或混合使用。 优选的醇为曱醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 异丙醇、 正丁醇、 异丁醇、 异戊醇、 2-乙基己醇、 乙二醇、 丙二醇、 氯乙醇、 三氯乙醇及它们的混合物。
一般地, 醇的使用量应使所得加合物在室温下为固体而在升 高的温度下, 例如在 90- 150 °C为液态。 通常醇与卤化镁的摩尔比 随着醇和卤化镁的不同类型而变化。 例如, 当使用曱醇、 乙醇、 丙醇和丁醇等作为醇化合物, 使用氯化镁作为所述自化镁时, 醇 与氯化镁的摩尔比为 2 ~ 6,优选 2. 5 ~ 4。该摩尔比使得醇合物在 室温下为固体, 但在升高的温度下, 例如在 100 °C ~ 135 °C的温度 下熔化。
卤化镁与醇的接触反应是在加热的条件下进行, 最终的反应 温度要达到能使卤化镁 /醇加合物熔化的温度。最终的反应温度典 型地为 90〜: 150 °C , 优选为 110 °C〜140 °C, 更优选为 120 °C ~ 130 。C。
所述的惰性液体介质可以是任何与熔融加合物不混溶的并呈 化学惰性的液体, 一般采用液体脂族烃类惰性溶剂, 如煤油、 石 蜡油、 凡士林油、 白油等, 需要时, 还可任选地加入一些有机硅 化合物或表面活性剂。 本发明优选使用白油或白油和硅油的混合 物。
具体地说, 本发明催化剂組分中所使用的 1¾化镁活性载体的 制备方法, 是将鹵化镁 /醇加合物熔体与惰性液体介盾的混合物, 在超重力场下高速旋转, 使所述加合物熔体分散成均匀的液滴, 其主要是利用了在超重力场中物料之间的传盾可以被大大强化的 特性。 这种超重力场的环境, 可通过一个超重力旋转装置完成。 在一个实施方案中, 将步骤(1 )制备的 化鎂 /醇加合物熔体与 惰性液体介质的混合物, 在一个超重力旋转床中进行高速旋转分 散。 该超重力旋转床的基本结构如附图 1所示, 有关详细内容可 参见中国专利申请 CN1428189A "中高压旋转床气液传质与反应 设备" , 其中的全部内容引入本发明作为参考。 也可参见中国专 利申请 03153152. 0 "—种卤化镁 /醇加合物及其制备方法和应 用" , 其中的全部内容引入本发明作为参考。
如附图 1所示,将卤化镁 /醇加合物熔体与惰性液体介质的混 合物以一定流速从进料口 1进入超重力旋转床, 经过设置在转子 中心处的静态液体分布器 2均勾地喷洒在高速旋转着的填料内缘 上, 物料流被高速旋转的填料 3剪切成细小的液滴, 强化了醇合 物与惰性介质的微观混合,使得 化镁 /醇加合物熔体以小液滴的 形式均匀地分散在惰性介质中, 物料被高速旋转的填料抛出后经 出料口 4引出,得到了一种均匀分散的卤化镁 /醇加合物熔融分散 体。
超重力旋转床中的填料可以采用金属波纹丝网填料, 其平均 孔径 0. 1 - 8mm, 孔隙率 90 - 99%, 比表面积 100 - 3000m2/m3, 所 用填料丝径 0. 05 - 0. 5匪。
一般地,超重力旋转床的转速控制在 100 - 3000转 /分钟,优 选为 150-2500转 /分钟,最好为 500 - 2000转 /分钟。 通过控制转 速可以方便地调节分散效果。
将超重力旋转床得到的熔融分散体进行冷却, 便可以形成可 用于本发明的 !¾化镁 /醇加合物颗粒。通常可将超重力旋转床出料 口 4的物料引入一台带搅拌的、 内装冷却液的容器中,使! ¾化镁 / 醇加合物迅速冷却定形, 形成固体球形颗粒。 一般地, 其平均粒 径为 (D50 ) 10 - 150 μ ιη, 优选为 15 ~ 90 μ ιη。 所得固体球形颗粒 的平均粒径(D50 )可通过改变超重力旋转床的转速、 所用填料的 丝径、 填料的平均孔径、 填料层厚度、 旋转床直径等手段来调控。
上述的冷却液采用沸点较低的惰性烃类化合物, 如石油醚、 抽余油、 戊烷、 己烷、 庚烷等。 在与物料接触之前, 冷却液的温 度控制在- 20°C ~ - 40°C。
最后, 过滤出冷却后的固体球形颗粒, 用洗涤液进行洗涤, 再经干燥后, 得到卤化镆 /醇加合物颗粒产品。
所述的洗涤液采用沸点较低的惰性烃类化合物, 如石油醚、 抽余油、 戊烷、 己烷、 庚烷等, 洗涤温度采用室温即可。
固体颗粒的平均粒径和粒度分布用激光粒度仪测定, 粒度分 布指数定义为 (D90-D10 ) /D50, 本发明中优选该比值 1. 5。 一 种可以使用的激光粒度仪的型号为 APA5002 , 由 Ma lvern Ins trument s Ltd. Malvern, UK生产制造。
加合物中醇与卤化镁的摩尔比采用热失重法测定。 一种可以 使用的热失重分析仪的型号为 PE-7 , 由美国 P- E公司生产制造。
采用上述的! ¾化镁活性载体, 通过与至少一种过渡金属化合 物和任选的至少一种给电子体化合物反应, 得到本发明的用于烯 烃聚合、 特别是丙烯聚合的催化剂组分, 进而得到本发明的催化 剂。
让人意想不到的是, 采用了上述方法制备的平均粒径较小, 颗粒分布较窄的 化镆载体颗粒, 使所得的催化剂与由先有技术 制备的氯化镁 /醇加合物而得到的烯烃聚合催化剂相比,其聚合活 性更高、 立体定向性更强, 同时所获得的聚合物形态良好、 堆密 度更高。
本发明的用于烯烃聚合的球形催化剂組分包含负载于上述卤 化镁活性载体上的至少一种钛化合物和任选地至少一种给电子体 化合物。
所述的钛化合物特别优选的是通式 Ti (OR3) 所示的钛化合 物, 式中 R3独立地是 d ~ C2。的烃基, 优选 d ~ C2。的烷基; X是卤 素, 独立地从?、 Cl、 Br、 I或其混合物中选取; n为 0 ~ 4的整 数, m为 0 ~ 4的整数, 并且 n与 m的和为 3或 4。 具体可选用四 氯化钛、 四溴化钛、 四換化钛、 四丁氧基钛、 四乙氧基钛、 一氯 三丁氧基钛、 二氯二丁氧基钛、 三氯一丁氧基钛、 一氯三乙氧基 钛、 二氯二乙氧基钛、 三氯一乙氧基钛、 三氯化钛中的一种或它 们的混合物, 优选四氯化钛。
钛化合物的负载可以通过本领域已知的任何方法完成。 在一 个优选的实施方案中, 通过如下方法进行钛化合物的负载: 将加 合物悬浮于冷的四氯化钛或四氯化钛与惰性溶剂的混合物中 (液 体的温度通常为 -30 °C ~ (TC , 优选 -20°C ~ - 10°C ) , 然后将上述 混合物加热到 40°C ~ 130°C,优选 60°C ~ 120°C并在该温度下维持 0. 5-2. 0 小时, 然后将液体滤掉并回收固体组分。 这种用四氯化 钛的处理可以进行一次或多次, 优选 2- 4次。 所述惰性溶剂优选 脂肪烃或芳烃, 具体如: 己烷、 庚烷、 辛烷、 癸烷、 甲苯等。
在本发明的! ¾化镁 /醇加合物与钛化合物反应前、反应中或反 应后, 还可以采用至少一种内给电子体化合物进行处理, 并且这 种处理也可以进行一次或多次。 尤其是对于用于丙烯聚合的催化 剂组分, 为了得到高等规度的丙烯聚合物, 这种内给电子体化合 物的加入是十分必要的。
内给电子体化合物在例如丙烯聚合催化剂中的应用是本领域 公知的, 并且这些通常使用的内给电子体化合物都可以应用于本 发明。 适宜的内给电子体化合物包括酯、 醚、 酮、 胺及硅烷等。 优选一元或多元脂肪族羧酸酯或芳香族羧酸酯, 例如: 苯甲酸酯、 邻苯二甲酸酯、 丙二酸酯、 琥珀酸酯、 戊二酸酯、 己二酸酯、 新 戊酸酯、 癸二酸酯、 顺丁烯二酸酯、 萘二羧酸酯、 偏苯三酸酯、 连苯三酸酯、 均苯四酸酯或碳酸酯等。 具体如: 苯曱酸乙酯、 邻 苯二甲酸酯二乙酯、 邻苯二甲酸酯二异丁酯、 邻苯二甲酸酯二正 丁酯、 邻苯二甲酸酯二异辛酯、 邻苯二甲酸酯二正辛酯、 丙二酸 二乙酯、 丙二酸二丁酯、 2 , 3-二异丙基琥珀酸二乙酯、 2 , 3 -二 异丙基琥珀酸二异丁酯、 2, 3-二异丙基琥珀酸二正丁酯、 2, 3- 二异丙基琥珀酸二甲基酯、 2, 2-二甲基琥珀酸二异丁酯、 2-乙基 -2-甲基琥珀酸二异丁酯、 2-乙基 -2-甲基琥珀酸二乙酯、 己二酸 二乙酯、 己二酸二丁酯、 癸二酸二乙酯、 癸二酸二丁酯、 顺丁烯 二酸二乙酯、 顺丁烯二酸二正丁酯、 萘二羧酸二乙酯、 萘二羧酸 二丁酯、 偏苯三酸三乙酯、 偏苯三酸三丁酯、 连苯三酸三乙酯、 连苯三酸三丁酯、 均苯四酸四乙酯、 均苯四酸四丁酯等。
另一类优选的内给电子体化合物是二醚类化合物, 优选通式 ( I ) 所示的 1, 3—二醚类,
Figure imgf000011_0001
( I )
其中 R1 Rn, Ri 、 RIV、 1^和11"彼此相同或不相同, 选自氢、 卤原子、 直链或支链的 d—C^烷基、 C3— C2。环烷基、 C6— C2。芳基、 C7—C2Q烷芳基、 C7— C2。芳烷基中的一种, 而 Rv 和 Rvm可以相同或 互不相同, 选自直链或支链的 d— C2。烷基、 C3—C2。环烷基、 C6- C2。芳基、 C7— C2。烷芳基、 C7— C2。芳烷基中的一种; R1 - RVI的基团 间可键接成环。优选其中!^和!^ 独立地是^一^烷基的 1,3— 二醚。
适宜的给电子体化合物还包括中国专利 CN1436766中描述的 通式 (II) 所示的多酯类化合物。
Figure imgf000012_0001
(
式中 Rr"R6、 R1- R2n基团为相同或不相同的氢、 卤素或取代或 未取代的直链或支链的 d-C2。烷基、 C3-C2。环烷基、 C6-C2。单环或多 环芳基、 C7-C2。烷芳基、 C7-C2。芳烷基、 CrC。烯烃基或 CrC^酯基, ^和 R2不是氢, R3- R6及 R R211 基团上任意包含一个或几个杂原 子作为碳或氢原子或两者的取代物, 所述的杂原子选自氮、 氧、 硫、 硅、 磷或卤原子, R3- ^及 R1- R2n 基团中的一个或多个可以 连起来成环; n为 0—10的整数。
在这些多酯类化合物中, 优选通式( III)和通式( IV)所示 的化合物。
Figure imgf000012_0002
(III) ( IV)
其中 RrR^ R:-R2 基团如通式 (II) 中的定义, R' 为相同 或不相同的氢、 卤原子、 直链或支链的 d- 烷基, C3-C2。环烷基, C6-C2。芳基, C厂 C2。烷芳基或 C7-C2Q芳烷基。
本发明的催化剂组分具有大于或等于 200m2/g,优选大于或等 于 250m7g的比表面积; 和大于或等于 0. 25ml/g, 优选大于或等 于 0. 28ml/g的孔容。
催化剂组分的比表面积和孔隙率采用吸附、 脱附法测定。 一 种可以使用的吸附、 脱附仪的型号为 ASAP2010N , 由美国 MICROMERITICS公司生产制造。
另一方面, 本发明提供了一种用于烯烃聚合的催化剂, 其包 含以下组分的反应产物:
a、 上述的本发明的球形催化剂組分(含钛的活性组分) ; b、 烷基铝化合物组分, 其通式如 AlR4 nX3-n所示, 式中 R4独 立地是 d ~ C2。烷基, 可以是直链, 支链或环状烷基, X独立地是 卤素, n=l、 2或 3。 优选三乙基铝、 三异丁基铝、 三正丁基铝、 三正己基铝、 Al (n- C8H17) 3 、 氯化烷基铝如 AlEt2Cl等。 可以选用 一种或两种以上的烷基铝混合使用, 并且一般以 Al/Ti摩尔比为 1 ~ 1000使用上述烷基铝化合物; 和
c、 任选地, 一种外给电子体化合物, 例如单或多官能羧酸、 羧酸酐和羧酸酯, 酮、 醚、 醇、 内酯, 以及有机磷和有机硅化合 物。 优选有机硅化合物。 其用量为每摩尔烷基铝化合物 0. 005 ~ 0. 5摩尔, 优选每摩尔烷基铝化合物 0. 01 ~ 0. 25摩尔。
外给电子体化合物在烯烃聚合催化剂中的应用是本领域技术 人员熟知的。 所述外给电子体优选含有至少一个 Si- OR键、 通式 为 R5 aR6 bSi (0R7)。的硅化合物, 其中 a和 b为 0至 2的整数, c为 1-3的整数且(a+b+c )的和为 4; R5, R6和 R7是 d-C18的烃基, 任 选地含有杂原子。 特别优选的硅化合物, 其中 a为 1, b为 1, c 为 2,R5和 R6中至少有一个是选自具有 3-10个碳原子的支化烷基、 链烯基、 亚烷基、 环烷基或芳基基团, 任选含有杂原子, 并且 R7 为 d- 。的烷基基团, 特别是甲基。 优选的硅化合物的例子包括 但不限于环己基甲基二甲氧基硅烷, 二异丙基二甲氧基硅烷, 二 正丁基二曱氧基硅烷, 二异丁基二甲氧基硅烷, 二苯基二甲氧基 硅烷, 曱基叔丁基二甲氧基硅烷, 二环戊基二甲氧基硅烷、 2-乙 基哌啶基-叔丁基二甲氧基硅烷、 ( 1, 1, 1-三氟 -2-丙基) -2- 乙基哌啶基二甲氧基硅烷和 (1 , 1, 1-三氟- 2-丙基) -甲基二甲 氧基鞋烷。
此外, 优选的硅化合物还有上式的硅化合物, 其中 a为 0, b 为 1, c为 3 , R6为支化烷基或环烷基基团, 任选含有杂原子, 且 R7为甲基。 这样的硅化合物的例子有环己基三甲氧基硅烷, 叔丁 基三甲氧基硅烷和叔己基三甲氧基硅烷。
另外还可选择通式( I )的 1 , 3-二醚类化合物作为外给电子 体, 其中 2-异丙基 -2-异戊基 - 1 , 3-二曱氧基丙烷, 9 , 9-双(甲 氧基甲基) 芴是特别优选的。
烷基铝化合物组分 b和任选的外给电子体化合物组分 c可以 单独或作为两种成分的混合物与活性组分 a接触反应。
本发明的催化剂适合于催化烯烃 CH2=CHR单体(其中 R是氢 或 1 ~ 12个碳的烷基或芳基) 以及所述烯烃单体与共聚单体, 例 如其它 α-烯烃和如有必要的少量二烯烃的混合物的聚合反应。 这 构成本发明的另一个主题。
烯烃的聚合按照已知方法进行, 在液相单体或单体于惰性溶 剂中的溶液的液相中, 或在气相中, 或通过在气液相中的组合聚 合工艺进行操作。聚合温度一般为 0 °C ~ 150 °C,最好是 60°C ~ 100 。C。 聚合反应压力是常压或更高。 具体实施方式
下面的实施例用来说明本发明, 并不是用来限制本发明的范 围。
制备球形催化剂组分的一般操作步骤:
在带搅拌的 350ral玻璃反应瓶中,加入 50ml己烷和 50ml四氯 化钛, 降温至 - 20°C ; 加入 7g氯化镁醇合物球形颗粒, 5小时升温 至 40 °C, 在 40°C维持 0. 5小时后将液体滤掉; 然后加入 100ml四 氯化钛和一定量的内给电子体化合物 (内给电子体化合物 /镁的摩 尔比为 1/8 ),升温至 100°C ,并在 100°C维持 2小时后将液体滤掉; 加入 50ml己烷和 50ml四氯化钛,升温至 80°C ,并在 80°C维持 0. 5 小时后将液体滤掉;加入 100ml四氯化钛,升温至 120°C,并在 120 °C维持 0. 5小时后将液体滤掉;之后把得到的固体物用 60°C的己烷 洗涤 5次, 每次己烷用量为 60ml; 最后将获得的固体物在 45 °C下 的氮气环境中进行真空干燥。 即得到球形催化剂组分。
丙烯聚合的一般操作步骤:
先用丙烯气体在 70 °C下将 5升高压釜吹扫 1小时, 在室温下 氮气气流中引入 5ml 三乙基铝的己烷溶液(三乙基铝的浓度为 0. 5mmol/ml ) 、 1ml环己基甲基二曱氧基硅烷( CHMMS )的己烷溶 液( CHMMS的浓度为 0. lmmo l/ml ) 、 10ml 己烷和 8. 5rag如上述所 制备的固体球形催化剂组分。 引入 1. 5NL的氢和 1. 5Kg的液体丙 烯; 关闭高压釜, 在搅拌下 5分钟内将温度升至 70°C。 在 70°C下 聚合反应 2小时后, 停搅拌, 除去未聚合的丙烯单体, 将釜内冷 却至室温。 从高压釜中卸出聚合物, 称重计算活性; 聚合物的等 规度用沸腾正庚烷抽提法测定。
实施例 1 : 制备氯化镁 /醇加合物颗粒
采用以下步骤:
( 1 ) 、 氯化镁 /醇加合物熔融体的制备: 在带搅拌的 150L 反应器中,将 10kg无水氯化镁和 12. 6kg乙醇加入 60L粘度为 30 厘泊 (20 °C ) 的白油中, 在 125 °C下反应 1小时。 然后将所得的 熔融加合物与白油的混合液转移到已预热至 125。C的甲基硅油介 质中; 甲基硅油的粘度为 300厘泊 (20 °C ) , 甲基硅油的用量为 120L; 以 200转 /分的转速搅拌 20分钟。
( 2 )分散: 上述混合液从进料口 1进入超重力旋转床(如附 图 1所示),经过设置在转子中心处的静态液体分布器 2均匀地喷 洒在高速旋转着的填料 3的内缘上。物料被高速旋转的填料剪切、 分散后,氯化镁 /醇加合物熔体以细小液滴的形式悬浮在惰性介质 中, 经出料口 4引出。 转子的转速为 1500转 /分, 填料为波纹金 属丝网填料, 丝径 0. 2腿, 孔隙率 97. 8% , 比表面积 852m2/m3
( 3 )急冷固化成形: 出料口 4引出的混合液进入已预先降温 至- 35 °C的、 搅拌着的己烷介质中, 己烷的用量为 1200L。 分散为 小液滴的氯化镁 /醇加合物熔体被冷却固化, 成为球形固体颗粒。
( 4 ) 过滤、 洗涤干燥: 从急冷后所得的悬浮液中过滤出固 态颗粒物; 用己烷在室温下洗涤该颗粒物, 己烷用量为 100L/次, 共洗涤五次; 在 30。C ~ 50 °C下抽真空干燥即得球形氯化镁 /醇加 合物颗粒。
结果见表 1。
实施例 2 : 操作同实施例 1, 只是超重力旋转床的转速调整为 1200转 /分钟。 结果见表 1。
实施例 3: 操作同实施例 1, 只是超重力旋转床的转速调整为 2000转 /分钟。 结果见表 1。
实施例 4: 操作同实施例 1, 只是超重力旋转床的转速调整为 2500转 /分钟。 结果见表 1。
实施例 5:操作同实施例 1,只是乙醇的加料量调整为 13. 6kg。 结果见表 1。 实施例 6:操作同实施例 1 ,只是乙醇的加料量调整为 14.6 kg。 结果见表 1。
实施例 7:操作同实施例 3,只是乙醇的加料量调整为 14.6kgo 结果见表 1。
实施例 8:操作同实施例 4,只是乙醇的加料量调整为 14.6kg。 结果见表 1。
对比实施例 1:
按照中国专利 CN1330086A中实施例 1公开的方法 (高搅法) 制备氯化镁 /醇加合物颗粒, 步骤(2) 中的搅拌转速为 2000转 / 分钟。 结果见表 1。
实施例 9-16: 使用上述实施例 1-8 中得到的氯化镁 /醇加合 物, 按制备球形催化剂組分的一般操作步骤进行催化剂组分的制 备, 并按丙烯聚合的一般操作步骤进行考核。 结果见表 2。
对比实施例 2:使用对比实施例 1中得到的氯化镁 /醇加合物, 按上述制备球形催化剂组分的一般操作步骤进行催化剂组分的制 备, 并按上述丙烯聚合的一般操作步驟进行考核。 结果见表 2。
表 1
Figure imgf000017_0001
span- (D(90)-D(10))/D(50) 表 2
Figure imgf000018_0001
注: DNBP为邻苯二曱酸二正丁酯 从表 2的数据对比可以看出, 本发明的催化剂与现有技术中 以高搅法制备的氯化镁 /醇加合物为载体的烯烃聚合催化剂相比, 其聚合活性更高、 立体定向性更强, 同时所获得的聚合物形态良 好、 堆密度更高。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种用于烯烃聚合的球形催化剂组分, 其包含负载于活性 卤化镁球形载体上的至少一种钛化合物和任选地至少一种给电子 体化合物,其中所述的活性! ¾化镁球形载体是通过使 a化镁 /醇加 合物熔体在超重力场下旋转分散而得到的固体颗粒。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的球形催化剂组分, 其特征在于, 所 述的活性! ¾化镁球形载体平均颗粒直径 D50为 15 ~ 90 μ ιη, 粒度 分布指数 (D90-D10) /D50 < 1. 5。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的球形催化剂组分,其特征在于, 所述的活性卤化镁球形载体通过包括以下步骤的方法制备:
( 1 ) 在惰性液体介质中, 将卤化镁与醇接触, 制备卤化镁 / 醇加合物熔体;
( 2 )将步骤 ( 1 )制备的卤化镁 /醇加合物熔体与惰性液体介 质的混合物, 在超重力场下旋转分散,得到卤化镁 /醇加合物熔融 分散体; 和
( 3 ) 冷却步糠 ( 2 ) 所得的熔融分散体, 形成! ¾化镁 /醇加 合物颗粒。
4. 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的球形催化剂组分, 其特征 在于, 所述的 1¾化镁为二氯化镁。
5. 根据权利要求 1-4任一项所述的球形催化剂组分, 其特征 在于, 所述的醇选自曱醇、 乙醇、 丙醇、 异丙醇、 正丁醇、 异丁 醇、 异戊醇、 正辛醇、 2-乙基己醇、 乙二醇、 丙二醇、 氯乙醇和 三氯乙醇中的至少一种。
6. 根据权利要求 3所述的球形催化剂组分, 其特征在于, 所 述的惰性液体介质为脂族烃类、 有机硅化合物或它们的混合物。
7. 根据权利要求 3所述的球形催化剂组分, 其特征在于, 所 述的步驟(2)在超重力旋转床中进行, 其旋转转速控制在 100- 3000转 /分钟。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的球形催化剂组分, 其特征在于, 所 述的超重力旋转床中采用金属波纹丝网填料。
9. 根据权利要求 1-8任一项所迷的球形催化剂组分, 其中所 述的钛化合物的通式为 Ti(0R3)Jm, 式中 R3独立地是 d~C2。的烃 基, 优选 d~C2。的烷基; X是卤素, 独立地从?、 Cl、 Br、 I或其 混合物中选取; n为 0-4的整数, m为 0~4的整数, 并且 n与 m 的和为 3或 4。
10. 一种用于烯烃聚合的球形催化剂组分, 其包含负载于活 性卤化镁球形载体上的至少一种钛化合物和任选地至少一种给电 子体化合物, 并且当该催化剂组分用于烯烃聚合时, 得到的聚合 物粉末的堆积密度大于或等于 0.48g/cm3
11. 权利要求 10所迷的球形催化剂组分, 其特征在于, 所述 的卤化镁为二氯化镁。
12. 根据权利要求 10或 11所述的球形催化剂组分, 其中所 述的钛化合物的通式为 Ti(0R3)丄, 式中 R3独立地是 d~C2。的烃 基, 优选 d~C2。的烷基; X是卤素, 独立地从?、 Cl、 Br、 I或其 混合物中选取; n为 0~ 4的整数, m为 0~ 4的整数, 并且 n与 m 的和为 3或 4。
13. 一种用于 CH2=CHR烯烃聚合反应的催化剂,其中 R为氢或 (:广^的烷基或芳基, 包含下述组分的反应产物:
( 1 ) 权利要求 1一 12之一所述的球形催化剂组分;
(2) 垸基铝化合物; 和
(3) 任选地, 外给电子体组分。
14. 烯烃 CH2=CHR聚合的方法, 其中 R为氢或 d-Cn的烷基或 芳基, 包括使所述烯烃及任选的共聚单体在聚合奈件下, 与权利 要求 13所述的催化剂接触。
PCT/CN2005/000965 2004-07-05 2005-07-04 Composant de catalyseur spherique pour reaction de polymerisation d'olefines et catalyseur constitue par ce composant WO2006005247A1 (fr)

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CA2572506A CA2572506C (en) 2004-07-05 2005-07-04 Spheric catalyst component for olefin polymerization and catalyst comprising the same
KR1020077002848A KR101173326B1 (ko) 2004-07-05 2005-07-04 올레핀 중합용 구형 촉매 성분 및 이를 포함하는 촉매
BRPI0512759-9A BRPI0512759A (pt) 2004-07-05 2005-07-04 componentes de catalisador esférico para a polimerização de olefina, catalisador para a polimerização de olefina e processo para a polimerização de olefina
JP2007519598A JP5038135B2 (ja) 2004-07-05 2005-07-04 オレフィン重合のための球状触媒成分およびこれを含む触媒

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