WO2005107496A1 - 生キノコエキス製造方法、エキス及びエキス配合物 - Google Patents
生キノコエキス製造方法、エキス及びエキス配合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005107496A1 WO2005107496A1 PCT/JP2005/008360 JP2005008360W WO2005107496A1 WO 2005107496 A1 WO2005107496 A1 WO 2005107496A1 JP 2005008360 W JP2005008360 W JP 2005008360W WO 2005107496 A1 WO2005107496 A1 WO 2005107496A1
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- Prior art keywords
- extract
- mushrooms
- raw
- shiitake
- mushroom
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
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- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/364—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9728—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
- A61P17/16—Emollients or protectives, e.g. against radiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/007—Preparations for dry skin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a raw mushroom extract for producing an extract having an immunosuppressive function or an antiallergic effect, an extract thus obtained, and an extract blend containing the extract.
- Shiitake mushrooms are broadly classified according to their shape into round and thick umbrellas, like a bud, and thick and thin umbrellas, like the Koshin. You. It is said that dried shiitake mushrooms have better taste, flavor and nutritional value than raw ones. Shiitake is a mushroom that has become the most familiar to consumers due to the taste and unique flavor of the guanylate-free amino acid contained. It is thought that dried shiitake mushrooms emit a good scent because when they are dried in the sun, an aromatic component called lentionin, which contains zodiac, is produced. Shiitake mushrooms are rich in ergosterol, a vitamin D precursor, that changes to 100 IU of vitamin D2 when exposed to ultraviolet light. This means that if you need dried Dried Shiitake mushrooms, you can supplement the vitamin D2 needed for one day. As described above, it is known that dried shiitake mushrooms are significantly different from raw shiitake mushrooms in texture, aroma and vitamins.
- Patent Document 1 JP 2001-346538 A
- Patent Document 2 JP 2004-248531 A
- the present invention provides a raw mushroom extract production method for producing an extract having an immunosuppressive function or an antiallergic effect, an extract obtained in this manner, and an extract blend containing the extract. With the goal.
- the method for producing a raw mushroom extract of the present invention is characterized in that edible raw mushroom fruit bodies are pasteurized, self-fermented, frozen, and then thawed.
- raw fruiting bodies the umbrella and handle parts, which are generally recognized as mushrooms
- their own protein was Degraded by protein decomposing enzymes to form free amino acids. This is because the production process (particularly pasting) is not only simply degraded but also oxidized by the action of oxidases and other factors. It is thought that.
- the edible raw mushrooms are shiitake mushrooms, matsutake mushrooms, maitake, shimeji, enokitake, eryngii, mushroom, reishi, or agaritas, so that many types of mushrooms can be used as materials.
- the extract of the present invention is characterized by being produced by the above-mentioned raw mushroom extract production method.
- the above extract has an immunosuppressive function, it can be used for an extract having an immunosuppressive function different from the use of the immune activation function.
- the above-mentioned extract exhibits an anti-allergic effect and can be used as an extract having a therapeutic / preventive effect against various diseases such as allergic diseases.
- the extract composition of the present invention is characterized by containing the above extract.
- the above-mentioned extract compound is a pharmaceutical product, a quasi-drug, a veterinary drug, a cosmetic, a food, or a functional food, so that it can be applied to many uses.
- the present invention is a production method for separating and extracting an immunosuppressive effect contained in shiitake mushrooms by an extremely simple method.
- an extract having an inhibitory effect on immune function can be produced.
- this extract has a low polysaccharide content and can be easily powdered, making it an extremely easy-to-handle material.
- a functional material having an effect of suppressing the immune function of human is provided. This will result in the development of functional foods that have therapeutic and preventive effects on various diseases, such as various infectious diseases and allergic diseases, necessary for modern humans.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of measuring the amount of amino acids contained in each Shiitake mushroom extract.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing the results of measuring the amount of ⁇ -aminobutyric acid contained in each Shiitake mushroom extract.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the immunosuppressive effect of each Shiitake mushroom extract.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the allergic reaction suppressing effect of the extract of the present invention.
- raw shiitake mushrooms cultivated by the fungus bed cultivation method in Tokushima Prefecture were used immediately after harvest, that is, as fresh as possible.
- the shiitake paste was packed in an appropriate amount in a bag, and the bag was sealed under reduced pressure using a vacuum pump or the like. This was kept at the above temperature for 2 to 18 hours, preferably 3 to 6 hours.
- the raw shiitake mushrooms which were self-fermented following pasting, were slowly frozen below -20 ° C. After complete freezing, slow thawing was performed, and the thawed liquid obtained at that time was collected and subjected to heat treatment (120 ° C, about 40 minutes) for both inactivation and sterilization of the enzyme in the liquid.
- the precipitate generated by the heat treatment was filtered with a filter press or the like, and then subjected to heat sterilization again to obtain a target extract.
- the resulting extract has a water content of around 93% and contains almost no polysaccharide, 1-2% carbohydrates such as darcos and trehalose, 0.8-0.9% free amino acids, and 50-70mg / 100ml ⁇ -aminobutyric acid.
- the shiitake mushroom extract prepared in this manner was used as FP extract.
- the powdery FP extract can be dried by spray drying or freeze vacuum drying.
- the following three types were prepared as control extracts.
- the FT extract is prepared by pasting raw shiitake mushrooms, adding twice the volume of distilled water without in-house fermentation, extracting with hot water at 120 ° C for 50 minutes, and centrifuging (about 10,000 xg, 20 minutes). It is.
- the SFP extract is an extract obtained by subjecting raw shiitake mushrooms to heat treatment (autoclave treatment at 120 ° C.
- ND extract is a supernatant obtained by powdering dried shiitake mushrooms, adding the same amount of distilled water as the water content of the FT extract, extracting with hot water at 120 ° C for 50 minutes, and centrifuging (about 10,000 xg, 20 minutes) .
- Table 1 shows the results of measuring the amounts of LPS (lipopolysaccharide), sugar, protein, and nucleic acid contained in each of the shiitake mushroom extracts obtained by the above production method.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the amount of amino acids contained in each Shiitake mushroom extract obtained by the above production method.
- FIG. 2 shows the ⁇ -aminobutyric acid contained in each shiitake mushroom extract obtained by the above production method
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the results of measuring the amount of GABA.
- LPS was measured using Toxicolor System (Seikagaku Corporation) using standard endotoxin as a standard substance. The measured value is the sum of LPS and ⁇ -glucan.
- the self-fermented FP extract showed an increase in free amino acids, except for a part, as compared with the FT extract and SFP extract, which were not self-fermented.
- aspartic acid, proline, glycine, valine, Tyrosine was frequently detected.
- aspartic acid and glutamic acid increase without grinding.
- ⁇ -Aminobutyric acid which is being recognized as a functional component that normalizes hypertension, showed a 4-fold or more increase compared to FT extract.
- polysaccharides which were present in a large amount in the FT extract or SFP extract once heated, were hardly extracted in the FP extract, and gelling by the polysaccharides could be avoided, and the extraction efficiency was dramatically improved. .
- Immune activity can be compared with the amount of nitric oxide produced when macrophages are stimulated with LPS. Therefore, LPS (1 g / ml) and various Shiitake mushroom extracts diluted to 11.3% were added to a suspension (8 ⁇ 10 5 ⁇ 11 / 100 ⁇ 1) of the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264. Was added, and the culture supernatant after 24 hours was collected, and the nitrite concentration corresponding to the amount of nitric oxide produced by Daries' reagent was measured. Stimulation of RAW264 cells with LPS induces nitric oxide.
- FP extract When FP extract is added here, the production of nitrogen is suppressed, and it is considered that the FP extract contains a factor that suppresses macrophage activation (FIG. 3).
- Shiitake mushrooms are thought to contain both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive components.
- the immunosuppressive effect of FP extract is stronger than that of FT extract and ND extract, indicating that the immunosuppressive component of raw shiitake mushroom was effectively separated by the FP extract extraction method.
- the content of GABA which is considered to be effective for amino acid component change and hypertension, is increasing, and this is thought to have a synergistic effect on the immune function suppressing effect.
- an anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) -IgE antibody was intravenously administered to a mouse, and 3 hours later, a solution containing di-trofluorobenzene (DNFB) was used as an allergen in the right ear of the mouse.
- DNP di-trofluorobenzene
- the thickness of the pinna is measured using a thickness gauge before and after application (at 1st, 2nd and 24th hours), and the increase in thickness of the force plate before application is edema m) It was calculated as Intravenous administration of vehicle A sex control group and a group to which an anti-DNP-IgE monoclonal antibody solution was intravenously administered were set as a positive control group.
- the control group (negative and positive) had free access to water, and was orally administered with distilled water at 500 ⁇ l / mouse 2 hours before the application of the allergen.
- prednine which is a steroid
- the sample was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 10 mg / kg of water-soluble predonin 2 hours before allergen application.
- FP extract was freely ingested for 24 hours after 7 days before the allergen application, and 2 hours before the allergen application, a 2.5-fold aqueous solution was orally administered at 500 ⁇ l / mouse using a probe at 500 ⁇ l / mouse. .
- the effect of drug administration was evaluated based on the rate of inhibition of the early reaction observed 1 hour after application of the allergen and the delayed reaction induced 24 hours later.
- the inhibition rate was calculated by subtracting the average value of the edema of the positive control group at each time from the average value of the edema of the FP extract-administered or prednin-administered group, and the average value of the edema of the positive control group at each hour.
- the value was calculated by multiplying the value obtained by dividing the average value of the edema of the group by the subtracted value by 100.
- IgE ( ⁇ ) in FIG. 4 indicates the mean standard deviation of the edema of the negative control group to which the solvent was intravenously administered.
- IgE (+) indicates the mean standard deviation of edema in the positive control group to which the anti-DNP-IgE monoclonal antibody solution was intravenously administered.
- Predonin indicates the standard deviation of the edema of the predonin-administered group, which is known to have an effect of suppressing both the early response (edema at 1 hour) and the delayed response (edema at 24 hours).
- FP extract indicates the mean standard deviation of edema in the FP extract administration group.
- Raw materials such as granulated sugar, starch syrup, water and shiitake mushroom extract are mixed at a ratio of 5: 5: 5: 1 and heated. And boiled down at 120-160 ° C. This was cooled on a cooling iron plate, stretched into a rod shape, and shaped into granules of about 5 g to obtain candy. This candy had a taste of mushrooms (shiitake mushrooms) for everyone, with a good flavor. Because the extract stayed in the mouth for a long time, it alleviated inflammation of the throat.
- the mushroom (shiitake mushroom) had a unique smell and a slightly brown color.
- both hands were applied to only one hand of a woman with rough hands, the inflammation of the rough hands of the applied person was completely cured.
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JP2007274904A (ja) * | 2006-04-03 | 2007-10-25 | Acera:Kk | アミノ酸高含有食品素材の製造方法、及び特にオルニチンを豊富に含有するアミノ酸高含有食品素材の製造方法、並びにこれらの製造方法を用いて製造される食品素材、及びこれらの食品素材を添加した食品 |
CN102816806A (zh) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-12 | 江苏大学 | 一种灰树花多糖硒复合物的生产方法 |
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JPH0372428A (ja) * | 1989-05-31 | 1991-03-27 | Eiko Hatakeyama | 担子菌由来の漢方製剤 |
JP4435465B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-05 | 2010-03-17 | 長岡 均 | 抗アレルギー剤 |
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JP2001346538A (ja) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-12-18 | Maruasaen:Kk | 椎茸加工食品の製造方法 |
JP2003225068A (ja) * | 2002-02-05 | 2003-08-12 | Goro Inoue | キノコ類発酵食品の製造方法、キノコ類発酵食品、およびそれを添加した食品 |
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JP4705874B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-03 | 2011-06-22 | 株式会社アセラ | アミノ酸高含有食品素材の製造方法、及び特にオルニチンを豊富に含有するアミノ酸高含有食品素材の製造方法、並びにこれらの製造方法を用いて製造される食品素材、及びこれらの食品素材を添加した食品 |
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WO2014008353A2 (en) | 2012-07-05 | 2014-01-09 | Nutramax Laboratories, Inc. | Compositions comprising sulforaphane or a sulforaphane precursor and a mushroom extract or powder |
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