WO2005103665A1 - Fet-basierter sensor zur detektion von reduzierenden gasen oder alkohol, herstellungs- und betriebsverfahren - Google Patents
Fet-basierter sensor zur detektion von reduzierenden gasen oder alkohol, herstellungs- und betriebsverfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005103665A1 WO2005103665A1 PCT/EP2005/004275 EP2005004275W WO2005103665A1 WO 2005103665 A1 WO2005103665 A1 WO 2005103665A1 EP 2005004275 W EP2005004275 W EP 2005004275W WO 2005103665 A1 WO2005103665 A1 WO 2005103665A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- gas sensor
- sensor according
- layer
- catalyst
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/117—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means by using a detection device for specific gases, e.g. combustion products, produced by the fire
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/414—Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS
- G01N27/4141—Ion-sensitive or chemical field-effect transistors, i.e. ISFETS or CHEMFETS specially adapted for gases
Definitions
- Carbon monoxide for example, is an odorless, toxic and explosive gas that arises from the incomplete combustion of carbon or its compounds.
- MAK maximum workplace concentration
- CO Since CO is also generally formed in the event of fire, the detection of an increased concentration can also be used as a fire warning.
- Another very important application is in automotive air quality sensors, which measure the quality of the outside air and switch the ventilation of the passenger cabin to recirculating air if the air quality is significantly impaired by vehicles in front.
- the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines are recognized by the key gas CO in the range of several ppm.
- CO sensors are only used where they are required by law and therefore the necessary expenses (high sensor costs, supplying the sensors with the required operating energy) must be incurred.
- CO sensors are only used if this is e.g. is indispensable for the control of devices and systems and the operating energy is available without further effort, for example in motor vehicles or small combustion systems.
- the use of CO sensors is dispensed with, even if e.g. is desirable for security reasons.
- Gas sensors that change the electronic work function of materials when interacting with gases use sensitive measuring principle, are in principle suitable to be operated at low temperatures and thus with low energy consumption.
- the opportunity is used to couple the change in the work function of gas-sensitive materials into a field effect transistor (GasFET) and thereby measure the change in the work function as a change in the current between the source and drain of the transistor.
- GasFET field effect transistor
- Typical structures are known from DE 42 39 319. The relevant construction technology is described in DE 19956744.
- the measurement of ethanol in the gas phase is used, for example, to infer the corresponding concentration in the blood from the concentration of the alcohol vapor in exhaled air.
- Small mobile devices that use battery or rechargeable batteries, for example, are of particular interest here.
- the object of the invention is to provide a sensor for detection, in particular for reducing gases or gaseous alcohol, which uses as little operating energy as possible, and an operating and manufacturing method therefor.
- the invention has many advantages. The most important are: - Operation with low energy consumption, battery operation or direct connection to data bus lines, the small geometric size, which facilitates the implementation of sensor arrays, the possible monolithic integration of the electronics in the sensor chip, the use of sophisticated, cost-effective semiconductor manufacturing processes.
- SGFET Small Gate Field Effect Transistor
- CCFET Capacitively Controlled Field Effect Transistor
- Thick or thin film technology can be applied.
- the invention relating to a sensor which is aimed at reducing gases, such as CO or H 2 / at alcohols or hydrocarbons, is realized in that a sensitive material consisting of a metal oxide and a on the surface of the oxidation catalyst accessible to the sample gas. Fine dispersions of the catalyst are most commonly used.
- such systems show a rapid and reversible change in their electron work function when exposed to reducing gases in moist air and typical operating temperatures between room temperature and 150 ° C.
- An example described below is shown in FIG. 1.
- the change in electron work function is for the relevant gas concentration range of the above. Applications at around 10-100mV and is therefore large enough to be read out with hybrid FET gas sensors.
- the functioning of these layers is based on the charged adsorption of molecules to be detected on the metal oxide.
- the applied catalyst material essentially serves to allow these reactions to take place in the temperature range mentioned. Exemplary embodiments are described below with reference to the schematic figures which do not restrict the invention.
- Fig. 3 shows a reaction of a Pd-activated Sn0 2 layer on ethanol at different temperatures.
- Oxides such as Sn0 2 , Ga 2 0 3 or CoO have proven to be particularly suitable as particularly suitable metal oxides for the detection of CO and other reducing gases. These oxides have a very high stability in various environmental conditions. Mixtures of different metal oxides can also be used, preferably with a proportion of one of the materials mentioned.
- These materials are prepared as layers, whereby both cathode sputtering, screen printing processes and CVD processes can be used.
- Typical layer thicknesses are between 1 and 3 ⁇ m. It is particularly advantageous if a porous, for example open-pore layer of the metal oxide is produced.
- the reactivity of metal oxides at low temperatures is supported by the application of catalysts, such as oxidation-active catalysts, preferably from the group of platinum metals or silver.
- catalysts such as oxidation-active catalysts, preferably from the group of platinum metals or silver.
- the preferred metals are Pt or Pd, Rh or mixtures of these materials.
- the metal le should preferably be in the form of small particles, “catalyst dispersion", “catalyst cluster”, with typical dimensions of 1-30 nm. This results from the fact that the catalytically active metals can very often influence, ie increase, the gas reactivity of the metal oxides via the three-phase boundary (metal-metal oxide gas).
- the catalyst clusters are preferably applied via an impregnation process in which a salt of the noble metal is dissolved in a solvent wetting the surface of the metal oxide and this solution is applied to the surface of the prepared metal oxides. After drying, the salt is chemically decomposed and the metallic catalyst cluster is formed.
- a very thin ( ⁇ 30 nm) layer of the catalyst can be applied using a PVD process (e.g. cathode sputtering). In a subsequent tempering step in the range of 600-1000 ° C, the entire surface disintegrates and the catalyst clusters in the required size are again obtained.
- the basis is a sputtered Ga 2 0 3 thin film with a thickness of 2 ⁇ m on sputtered platinum as the back contact.
- the catalytic activation takes place with a Pt dispersion, which is produced by thermal decomposition (at 600 ° C) of a wet-chemical solution of a water-soluble platinum complex.
- the work function is measured at temperatures between approx. 220 ° C and 120 ° C in moist synthetic air when exposed to CO (1% by volume), H 2 (1% by volume) and CH 4 (1000 vpm). The result is shown in Fig. 2.
- the temperature range of the measurement is clearly below the operating temperature of Ga 2 0 3 conductivity sensors (T> 600 ° C) and shows that CO detection is possible with low heating outputs.
- Example 2 A Kelvin sample is produced on the basis of an open-pored Sn0 2 thick layer which is baked at 600 ° C. The catalytic activation took place in an aqueous solution of a Pd complex, which is thermally decomposed to Pd at temperatures between 100 ° C and 250 ° C
- Fig. 1 shows the Kelvin signal at room temperature on / at CO concentrations between 2 and 30 vpm CO. The measurement shows that with this sensitive layer CO with high CO at low temperatures
- FIG. 3 shows a reaction of a
- the gas-sensitive layers tend to lose their high sensitivity to the target gases at room temperature when operated continuously for several weeks. This is noticeable by a decrease in the signal level as well as an increase in the response times. This can be remedied by "reactivating" the layer at regular intervals (e.g. every 4 - 5 days).
- the “reactivation” of the layer is carried out by heating the layer in moist ambient air to temperatures between 180 - 250 ° C for a time from a few minutes to max. 1 h. Further requirements, such as the presence of the target gases or the like, do not have to be met.
- Systems for the detection of ethanol using a gas-sensitive field effect transistor in moist air have typical values, such as operating temperature between room temperature and 100 ° C, as well as rapid and reversible changes in the electron work.
- the signal level is sufficiently large to be able to carry out measurements. With a uniform layer thickness of the tin oxide there is a uniform air gap and there are constant signal levels.
- Tin oxide and gallium oxide are particularly suitable for that
- a layer preparation for example using cathode sputtering, screen printing or CVD processes, should produce a representation of layer thicknesses of 15 to 20 ⁇ m. Porous, particularly open-porous layers made of metal oxide are advantageous.
- the catalyst clusters are produced by applying a dispersion followed by moderate tempering of the layer. Alternatively, for thin films, sputtering technology can be used, but tempering is also necessary. Pt or Pd can be used as catalyst material
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05743105A EP1738160A1 (de) | 2004-04-22 | 2005-04-21 | Fet-basierter sensor zur detektion von reduzierenden gasen oder alkohol, herstellungs- und betriebsverfahren |
JP2007508844A JP2007533986A (ja) | 2004-04-22 | 2005-04-21 | 還元性ガス又はアルコールを検出するためのfet型センサー、製造方法及び運転方法 |
US11/587,070 US20070181426A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2005-04-21 | Fet-based sensor for detecting reducing gases or alcohol, and associated production and operation method |
US12/330,955 US20090127100A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2008-12-09 | Fet-based sensor for detecting reducing gases or alcohol, and associated production and operationg method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004019638.9 | 2004-04-22 | ||
DE102004019638A DE102004019638A1 (de) | 2004-04-22 | 2004-04-22 | FET-basierter Sensor zur Detektion von insbesondere reduzierenden Gasen, Herstellungs- und Betriebsverfahren |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/330,955 Division US20090127100A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2008-12-09 | Fet-based sensor for detecting reducing gases or alcohol, and associated production and operationg method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005103665A1 true WO2005103665A1 (de) | 2005-11-03 |
Family
ID=34967888
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/004275 WO2005103665A1 (de) | 2004-04-22 | 2005-04-21 | Fet-basierter sensor zur detektion von reduzierenden gasen oder alkohol, herstellungs- und betriebsverfahren |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20070181426A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1738160A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007533986A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1997889A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004019638A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005103665A1 (de) |
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CN105229463A (zh) * | 2013-05-30 | 2016-01-06 | 维萨拉公司 | 双气体传感器结构及测量方法 |
CN107228927A (zh) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-03 | 云南大学 | 一种高灵敏度甲烷气体敏感材料及其制备方法与应用 |
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DE102004019638A1 (de) * | 2004-04-22 | 2005-11-17 | Siemens Ag | FET-basierter Sensor zur Detektion von insbesondere reduzierenden Gasen, Herstellungs- und Betriebsverfahren |
DE102005046944A1 (de) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Micronas Gmbh | Gassensitiver Feldeffekttransistor zur Detektion von Chlor |
DE102007040726A1 (de) * | 2007-08-29 | 2009-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gassensor |
DE102009015121B4 (de) | 2009-03-31 | 2012-10-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Selektiver Detektor für Kohlenmonoxid und Verfahren zum Betrieb des Detektors |
DE102011002854A1 (de) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-02-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Feldeffekt-Gassensor, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Feldeffekt-Gassensors und Verfahren zur Detektion von Gas |
US10143401B2 (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2018-12-04 | Arizona Board Of Regents Acting For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Metabolic analyzer |
DE102013016331A1 (de) * | 2013-10-05 | 2015-04-09 | Micronas Gmbh | Schichtsystem |
DE102013016330A1 (de) * | 2013-10-05 | 2015-04-09 | Micronas Gmbh | Schichtsystem |
JP2017516994A (ja) * | 2014-06-03 | 2017-06-22 | ザ リージェンツ オブ ザ ユニバーシティ オブ カリフォルニア | 化学感応性電界効果トランジスタセンサ |
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN101964360B (zh) * | 2009-07-21 | 2012-11-28 | 国立清华大学 | 离子敏感场效晶体管及其制造方法 |
CN105229463A (zh) * | 2013-05-30 | 2016-01-06 | 维萨拉公司 | 双气体传感器结构及测量方法 |
CN107228927A (zh) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-03 | 云南大学 | 一种高灵敏度甲烷气体敏感材料及其制备方法与应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1997889A (zh) | 2007-07-11 |
EP1738160A1 (de) | 2007-01-03 |
DE102004019638A1 (de) | 2005-11-17 |
US20090127100A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
US20070181426A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
JP2007533986A (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
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