CN110455979B - 一种监测空气中微量乙醇的高选择敏感材料 - Google Patents
一种监测空气中微量乙醇的高选择敏感材料 Download PDFInfo
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001621 bismuth Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QYIGOGBGVKONDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-3-methylpyrazole Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=CN1C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1Br QYIGOGBGVKONDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SFOQXWSZZPWNCL-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth;phosphate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O SFOQXWSZZPWNCL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GXUARMXARIJAFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium oxalate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O GXUARMXARIJAFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940094800 barium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth chloride Chemical compound Cl[Bi](Cl)Cl JHXKRIRFYBPWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000380 bismuth sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- BEQZMQXCOWIHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-H dibismuth;trisulfate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[Bi+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BEQZMQXCOWIHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- PGJHGXFYDZHMAV-UHFFFAOYSA-K azanium;cerium(3+);disulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PGJHGXFYDZHMAV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- HKVFISRIUUGTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;cerium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ce].[O-][N+]([O-])=O HKVFISRIUUGTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001759 cerium oxalate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZMZNLKYXLARXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- FIMTUWGINXDGCK-UHFFFAOYSA-H dibismuth;oxalate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[Bi+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O FIMTUWGINXDGCK-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citric acid monohydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- HCJXRCHXRQJQOE-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O HCJXRCHXRQJQOE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PWHCIQQGOQTFAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] PWHCIQQGOQTFAE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TYPZPLBGEPGJFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);oxalate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ba+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O TYPZPLBGEPGJFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BFIXSJWNRAQJTN-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis(4,5-dioxo-1,3,2-dioxabismolan-2-yl) oxalate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Bi+3].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Bi+3] BFIXSJWNRAQJTN-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000007848 Alcoholism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010009192 Circulatory collapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FBXVOTBTGXARNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth;trinitrate;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Bi+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FBXVOTBTGXARNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BYCKXMUEODWQNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);oxalate;decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O BYCKXMUEODWQNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QQZMWMKOWKGPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQBKXYUMEMUVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate;octahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PQBKXYUMEMUVIH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- NTTZCBNVRJHQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazanium sulfate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[NH4+].[NH4+] NTTZCBNVRJHQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/76—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/10—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using catalysis
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种监测空气中微量乙醇的高选择敏感材料,其特征是由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的纳米粉体材料。其制备方法是:将钡盐和铈盐溶于盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将铋盐溶于柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,升温至95‑98℃后加入琼脂粉至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将凝胶烘干、研磨、两段煅烧、自然冷却,得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。使用本发明所提供的敏感材料制作的气体传感器,可以在现场高灵敏测定空气中的微量乙醇而不受其它常见共存分子的干扰。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种监测空气中微量乙醇的高选择敏感材料,特别是由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的复合粉体材料,属于传感技术领域。
背景技术
乙醇是无色、透明,具有特殊香味的液体(易挥发),密度比水小,可以与水、乙酸、丙酮、苯、四氯化碳、氯仿、乙醚、乙二醇、甘油、硝基甲烷、吡啶和甲苯等溶剂混溶,是一种重要的有机溶剂,能溶解多种有机物和无机物,在化工、制药和印刷等许多领域被广泛采用;乙醇对细菌繁殖体、真菌及病毒都有很好的杀灭作用,因此,它也是最常见、最普通并为人所熟悉的消毒剂。但是,乙醇易挥发,其蒸气容易扩散,能与空气形成爆炸性混合物,遇明火或高热会引燃甚至爆炸;此外,乙醇为中枢神经系统抑制剂,对人体的作用一般可分为兴奋、催眠、麻醉、窒息四个阶段,患者进入第三或第四阶段,会出现意识丧失、瞳孔扩大、呼吸不规律、休克、心力循环衰竭及呼吸停止。人们在生产中长期接触高浓度乙醇可引起鼻、眼、粘膜刺激症状,以及头痛、头晕、疲乏、易激动、震颤、恶心等;长期酗酒可引起多发性神经病、慢性胃炎、脂肪肝、肝硬化、心肌损害及器质性精神病等;目前交管部门为了保证交通安全,严格限制并检测驾驶员的饮酒情况。可见,建立对微量乙醇的快速分析具有很强的现实意义。
空气中微量乙醇的准确分析方法主要有气相色谱法、指示剂法及重铬酸钾氧化分光光度法等,由于都需要预先富集才能对乙醇进行准确测定,因此检测耗时长且不易现场完成;目前出现的乙醇在线传感器或分析仪,如交管部门现场使用的酒精浓度测定仪,多采用电化学法和比色测定方法,误差都比较大,只能作为一种半定量分析方法。
发明专利ZL200810167037.8公开了一种乙醇的催化发光气敏材料,这种敏感材料对乙醇有很高的灵敏性,但是甲醇和甲醛也有一定的响应信号,应用中有时会有误报。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服以往技术的不足,提供一种高选择测定空气中微量乙醇的敏感材料及其制备方法。用这种敏感材料制作的监测乙醇的气体传感器,可以在现场快速、准确测定空气中的微量乙醇而不受其它共存物的干扰。
本发明所述的敏感材料是由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的复合粉体材料,其制备方法如下:
将易溶于酸性水溶液的钡盐和铈盐溶于质量分数为12-18%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将易溶于弱酸水溶液的铋盐溶于质量分数为15-20%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至95-98℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至220-250℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至400-420℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
其中,钡盐是氯化钡、醋酸钡、硝酸钡和草酸钡的无水物或水合物的一种或两种的混合物,铈盐是醋酸铈、草酸铈、硝酸铈、硝酸铈铵、硫酸铈、硫酸铈铵和氯化铈的无水物或水合物的一种或几种的混合物,铋盐是醋酸铋、草酸铋、硝酸铋、硫酸铋、磷酸铋和三氯化铋的无水物或水合物的一种或几种的混合物。
制得的复合粉体材料中各组分质量分数满足BaO(25-30%)、CeO2(35-40%)和Bi2O3(33-39%),且最大粒径不超过40nm时,可用于作为测定空气中微量乙醇的高选择敏感材料。
具体实施方式
实施例1
将二水氯化钡和五水醋酸铈溶于质量分数为12%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将醋酸铋和三氯化铋溶于质量分数为15%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至95℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至220℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至400℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
分析:用透射电子显微镜测试此复合粉体材料,其最大粒径不超过40nm,平均粒径约为30nm;对其进行成分分析,测得各组分质量百分数分别为29.7%BaO、36.5%CeO2和33.8%Bi2O3。
应用:以此复合粉体作为催化发光敏感材料检测空气中的乙醇,线性范围为0.05-23mg/m3,检出限为0.02mg/m3,其它常见共存物没有干扰。
实施例2
将水合醋酸钡、十水草酸铈和氯化铈溶于质量分数为13%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将七水草酸铋溶于质量分数为16%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至96℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至225℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至405℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
分析:用透射电子显微镜测试此复合粉体材料,其最大粒径不超过35nm,平均粒径约为26nm;对其进行成分分析,测得各组分质量百分数分别为28.5%BaO、37.2%CeO2和34.3%Bi2O3。
应用:以此复合粉体作为催化发光敏感材料检测空气中的乙醇,线性范围为0.08-25mg/m3,检出限为0.04mg/m3,其它常见共存物没有干扰。
实施例3
将硝酸钡、草酸钡和六水硝酸铈溶于质量分数为14%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将五水硝酸铋溶于质量分数为17%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至97℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至230℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至410℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
分析:用透射电子显微镜测试此复合粉体材料,其最大粒径不超过38nm,平均粒径约为30nm;对其进行成分分析,测得各组分质量百分数分别为26.3%BaO、35.8%CeO2和37.9%Bi2O3。
应用:以此复合粉体作为催化发光敏感材料检测空气中的乙醇,线性范围为0.1-28mg/m3,检出限为0.05mg/m3,其它常见共存物没有干扰。
实施例4
将水合草酸钡和硝酸铈铵溶于质量分数为15%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将醋酸铋和硫酸铋溶于质量分数为18%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至98℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至235℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至415℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
分析:用透射电子显微镜测试此复合粉体材料,其最大粒径不超过40nm,平均粒径约为30nm;对其进行成分分析,测得各组分质量百分数分别为27.8%BaO、38.7%CeO2和33.5%Bi2O3。
应用:以此复合粉体作为催化发光敏感材料检测空气中的乙醇,线性范围为0.1-30mg/m3,检出限为0.06mg/m3,其它常见共存物没有干扰。
实施例5
将二水氯化钡、一水醋酸钡和八水硫酸铈溶于质量分数为16%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将磷酸铋溶于质量分数为19%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至96℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至240℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至420℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
分析:用透射电子显微镜测试此复合粉体材料,其最大粒径不超过38nm,平均粒径约为30nm;对其进行成分分析,测得各组分质量百分数分别为25.9%BaO、39.4%CeO2和34.7%Bi2O3。
应用:以此复合粉体作为催化发光敏感材料检测空气中的乙醇,线性范围为0.08-23mg/m3,检出限为0.04mg/m3,其它常见共存物没有干扰。
实施例6
将一水醋酸钡、一水草酸钡和四水硫酸铈铵溶于质量分数为18%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将七水草酸铋和磷酸铋溶于质量分数为20%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至97℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至250℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至410℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
分析:用透射电子显微镜测试此复合粉体材料,其最大粒径不超过40nm,平均粒径约为30nm;对其进行成分分析,测得各组分质量百分数分别为26.2%BaO、35.2%CeO2和38.6%Bi2O3。
应用:以此复合粉体作为催化发光敏感材料检测空气中的乙醇,线性范围为0.06-20mg/m3,检出限为0.03mg/m3,其它常见共存物没有干扰。
Claims (2)
1.一种监测空气中微量乙醇的高选择敏感材料,其特征是由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粒径不超过40nm的复合粉体材料,其中各组分的质量百分数范围为25-30%BaO、35-40%CeO2和33-39%Bi2O3,其制备方法是:将易溶于酸性水溶液的钡盐和铈盐溶于质量分数为12-18%的盐酸水溶液中形成溶液A,将易溶于弱酸水溶液的铋盐溶于质量分数为15-20%柠檬酸水溶液中形成溶液B,在连续搅拌下,将溶液A缓慢加入溶液B中,搅拌至澄清,升温至95-98℃后加入琼脂粉搅拌至完全溶解,冷却至室温形成凝胶,将此凝胶烘干后,在箱式电阻炉中以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至220-250℃,保持此温度4小时,冷却至室温充分研磨后,继续以每分钟不超过3℃的速度升温至400-420℃,保持此温度3小时,自然冷却至室温得到由BaO、CeO2和Bi2O3组成的粉体材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种监测空气中微量乙醇的高选择敏感材料,其特征是所述的钡盐是氯化钡、醋酸钡、硝酸钡和草酸钡的无水物或水合物的一种或两种的混合物,铈盐是醋酸铈、草酸铈、硝酸铈、硝酸铈铵、硫酸铈、硫酸铈铵和氯化铈的无水物或水合物的一种或几种的混合物,铋盐是醋酸铋、草酸铋、硝酸铋、硫酸铋、磷酸铋和三氯化铋的无水物或水合物的一种或几种的混合物。
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