WO2005100457A1 - 延伸フィルム、その製造方法および積層体 - Google Patents
延伸フィルム、その製造方法および積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005100457A1 WO2005100457A1 PCT/JP2005/002365 JP2005002365W WO2005100457A1 WO 2005100457 A1 WO2005100457 A1 WO 2005100457A1 JP 2005002365 W JP2005002365 W JP 2005002365W WO 2005100457 A1 WO2005100457 A1 WO 2005100457A1
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- film
- weight
- stretched film
- resin composition
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Classifications
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/005—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of materials
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/03—Viewing layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/031—Polarizer or dye
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stretched film, a method for producing the same, and a laminate. More specifically, the present invention relates to a retardation plate of a liquid crystal display device, a stretched film suitable for use as a polarizing plate protective film having a retardation function, and a method for producing the same. Further, the present invention relates to a laminate comprising the stretched film as a constituent member. Background art
- a liquid crystal display device basically includes a liquid crystal cell and polarizing plates disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, and a retardation plate disposed between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell.
- the role of the polarizing plate is to allow light in the polarization direction to pass and to block light in other than the polarization direction, and an iodine-doped stretched polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film plays the role of a polarizer. Since the physical strength of the polarizer is low, protective films are attached to both surfaces of the polarizer. To bond these polarizers and the protective film with an aqueous adhesive, a highly hydrophilic cellulose triacetate (TAC) film is used as the protective film.
- TAC highly hydrophilic cellulose triacetate
- the iodine in the polarizer sublimates and desorbs through the TAC film when used for a long time, especially in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment. There is a disadvantage that the polarization performance is reduced.
- the phase difference plate is used in order to reduce the phase difference generated by the birefringence of the liquid crystal element and to enhance the viewing angle characteristic.
- Such retardation films include polycarbonate (PC) films having excellent heat resistance and transparency and capable of exhibiting large birefringence by stretching, and cyclic olefin polymer (COP) films containing norpoleneene or the like as a monomer component. It is used.
- the types of adhesives that can be used are limited in terms of adhesiveness to PVA and solvent resistance.
- the COP film has low moisture permeability and too high a barrier property, so that water remaining in the PVA during the polarizing plate manufacturing process cannot be released, and iodine and the like exist in an aqueous solution state.
- a polarizing plate using a film is used in a high-temperature environment for a long period of time, iodine in the polarizer is decomposed and disappears, and there is a disadvantage that the polarizing performance is reduced with time.
- Japanese Patent No. 3,414,083 describes a resin composition comprising a maleimide-olefin copolymer and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer having a specific composition.
- JP-A-2000-80239 and JP-A-2000-80240 disclose a transparent film having a small retardation made of the above resin composition.
- JP-A-2002-341140 discloses a retardation film composed of a polymer composition comprising a polymer having a positive photoluminescence coefficient and a polymer having a negative photoelastic coefficient.
- a combination of a maleimide-olefin copolymer and an acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer is mentioned.
- a publicly known method such as a casting method (solution casting method) and a melt extrusion method can be used as a film forming method.
- JP-A-2002-243943 discloses a polarizer protective film having a small retardation. Disclosure of the invention
- An object of the present invention is to provide a stretched film with controlled optical anisotropy, which is suitable for use as a retardation plate of a liquid crystal display device and a protective film for a polarizing plate having a retardation function, and a production method thereof. It is to provide a manufacturing method.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a laminate comprising the stretched film as a constituent member, which is suitable for use as a polarizing plate.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above problems, and as a result, used a resin composition in which a maleimide / olefin copolymer having a specific composition and an acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer having a specific mixing ratio were mixed.
- a specific retardation is developed, and a stretched film with appropriately controlled optical anisotropy can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides a stretched film (X) obtained by forming a resin composition by melt extrusion casting, and then stretching the resin composition in at least one direction.
- the resin composition has the following formula (I)
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a carbon number 1 to
- a acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer (B) containing 21 to 45% by weight of an acrylonitrile unit The content of A is not less than 50% by weight and not more than 99% by weight, the content of B is not less than 1% by weight and not more than 50% by weight,
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a stretched film, comprising forming a film of a resin composition by melt extrusion casting, and then stretching the resin composition in at least one direction.
- the resin composition has the following formula (I)
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, the number of carbon atoms: an alkyl group or a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 1-6,
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1-6,
- a acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer (B) containing 21 to 45% by weight of an acrylonitrile unit containing 21 to 45% by weight of an acrylonitrile unit.
- the content of A is 50% by weight or more and 99% by weight or less
- the content of B is 1% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less
- R MD is a longitudinal stretching ratio
- R TD is a transverse stretching ratio
- the present invention also includes a laminate comprising the above-mentioned stretched film (X) and a polarizer provided thereon.
- the present invention includes a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal cell and the laminate disposed on both surfaces thereof.
- the stretched film of the present invention has a predetermined optical anisotropy and has a moisture permeability within a predetermined range. Therefore, it can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display device as a retardation plate or a polarizing plate protective film with a retardation function.
- the stretched film can be produced with high productivity.
- the laminate of the present invention is excellent in durability and viewing angle characteristics, and is suitable as a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display device.
- the resin composition comprises 50% by weight or more and 99% by weight or less of a maleimide / olefin copolymer (sometimes abbreviated as copolymer (A)) and 1% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less of acrylonitrile / styrene A copolymer (sometimes abbreviated as copolymer (B)).
- A maleimide / olefin copolymer
- B acrylonitrile / styrene A copolymer
- the copolymer (A) comprises 40 to 60 mol% of a repeating unit represented by the following formula (I) (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as unit (I)), and 60 to 40 mol%. % In the formula (II) And a repeating unit (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as unit (II)).
- R 1 in the formula (I), 1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and a butyl group.
- monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, and a pyridyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 are preferably each a methyl group.
- the copolymer (A) composed of the units (I) and (II) can be obtained, for example, by a radical copolymerization reaction of maleimides and olefins.
- Examples of the compound giving the unit (I) include maleimide, N-methylmaleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, Nn-propylmaleimide, N-i-propylmaleimide, N_n-butylmaleimide, and N-i-butylmaleimide , N-s-butylmaleimide, Nt-butylmaleimide, Nn-pentylmaleimide, Nn-hexylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, naphthylmaleimide, anthracenylmaleimide, pyridylmaleimide, pyrimidinylmaleimide, N Maleimides such as —cyclopropylmaleimide, N-cyclobutylmaleimide, and N-cyclohexylmaleimide are exemplified, and N-methylmaleimide or N-phenylmaleimide is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of heat resistance, mechanical properties, and transparency.
- these The compounds can be
- Examples of the compound giving the unit ( ⁇ ) include olefins such as isobutene, 2-methyl-1-butene, 2-methyl-11-pentene and 2-methyl-1-hexene, among which heat resistance, mechanical properties and transparency Isobutene is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of properties. These compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the unit (I) is 40 to 60 mol% based on the total number of moles of the repeating unit of the copolymer (A), and 45 to 55 mol% from the viewpoint of heat resistance and mechanical properties. Is preferred.
- the content of the unit (I) exceeds 60 mol%, the obtained composition becomes brittle.
- the content is less than 40 mol%, the heat resistance of the obtained composition decreases.
- the content of the unit (II) is 60 to 40 mol% based on the total number of moles of the repeating structural units of the copolymer (A), and from the viewpoint of heat resistance and mechanical properties, it is 55 to 45 mol%. Molar% is preferred. When the content of the unit (II) exceeds 60 mol%, the resulting composition may have reduced heat resistance, whereas when the content is less than 40 mol%, the resulting composition becomes brittle.
- Known polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization can be used for the polymerization of these monomers, but particularly from the viewpoint of transparency and color tone of the resulting composition. Precipitation polymerization is preferred.
- the number average molecular weight of the copolymer (A) is preferably from 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 5 ⁇ 10 6.
- the number average molecular weight can be determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). it can.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the copolymer (B) contains 21 to 45% by weight of an acrylonitrile component based on the weight of the copolymer (B). Outside this range, the compatibility between the copolymer (A) and the copolymer (B) decreases, and the resulting resin composition becomes opaque, and the heat resistance also decreases, which is not preferable.
- the content of the acrylonitrile component is preferably 30 to 45% by weight.
- the number average molecular weight of the copolymer (B) is preferably from 1 ⁇ 10 3 to 1 ⁇ 10 6 . Such a number average molecular weight can be determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the content of the copolymer (A) in the resin composition is from 50% by weight to 99% by weight, and the content of the copolymer (B) is from 1% by weight to 50% by weight.
- the proportion of the copolymer (A) is less than the lower limit, the heat resistance of the obtained resin composition is reduced.
- the proportion of the copolymer (A) exceeds the upper limit the processing of the obtained composition is performed. Either of them is not preferable because the temperature becomes high and the copolymer (B) is thermally degraded.
- the content of the copolymer (A) in the resin composition is more than 75% by weight and not more than 99% by weight, and the content of the copolymer (B) is 1% by weight or more and less than 25% by weight. Is preferred. Further, the content of the copolymer (A) is preferably more than 50% by weight and not more than 65% by weight, and the content of the copolymer (B) is preferably not less than 35% by weight and less than 50% by weight. .
- the resin composition may contain other polymers, stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, processing aids, flame retardants, antistatic agents and the like within a range not exceeding the gist of the present invention.
- the birefringence of the liquid crystal element is compensated in a favorable state, particularly when used as an optical member such as a retardation plate or a polarizing plate support having a retardation function.
- the resulting display device such as a liquid crystal display has excellent viewing angle characteristics.
- R p is
- the wavelength dispersion characteristic of Rp is 0.4 to 1.7 at both 400 nm and 700 nm, preferably 0 to 1.7. It is preferable that it is in the range of 6 to 1.5 from the viewpoint of preventing coloring of transmitted light. (Thickness)
- the thickness of the stretched film in the present invention is preferably from 0.5 to 400 xm, more preferably from 5 to 200 m, and still more preferably from 5 to 100 m. If the film thickness exceeds 400 m, it may not only counter the trend of lighter and thinner displays and lower costs, but also cause a decrease in light transmittance due to light absorption and scattering. If the film thickness is less than 0.5 m, handling properties may be reduced.
- the content of the copolymer (A) in the resin composition is more than 75% by weight and not more than 99% by weight, and the content of the copolymer (B) is 1% by weight or more and 25% or more. Weight percent,
- R p is the following formula
- R th is the following formula 0 nm ⁇ R th ⁇ 400 nm
- the stretched film (Xa) satisfies the following.
- Rp is preferably 13 to 220 nm, more preferably 15 to 200 nm, more preferably 75 to 200 nm.
- Rth is preferably 5 to 350 nm, more preferably 10 to 300 nm.
- the stretched film (Xa) compensates for birefringence of the liquid crystal element in a preferable state when Rp and Rth are within the above ranges. Therefore, among the constituent members of the optical member, an optical anisotropy that can control the phase difference generated in the transmitted light to an appropriate range, such as a retardation plate or a polarizing plate support having a retardation function, is required. It can be suitably used for an optical member.
- R 1 of the unit (I) in the copolymer (A) of the stretched film (X_a) is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more specifically, a methyl group.
- the content of A is more than 50% by weight and not more than 65% by weight
- the content of B is not less than 35% by weight and less than 50% by weight
- the stretched film (Xb) satisfying the above is preferable.
- Rp is preferably from 13 to 350 nm, more preferably from 15 to 300 nm, and even more preferably from 75 to 300 nm.
- Rth is preferably from 350 to 350 nm, and more preferably from 300 to 300 nm.
- the stretched film (X-b) has the following formula
- nx is the in-plane slow axis refractive index at 550 nm
- ny represents the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the in-plane slow axis at 550 nm
- nz represents the refractive index in the thickness direction at 550 nm.
- R 1 of the unit (I) in the copolymer (A) of the stretched film (Xb) is preferably a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- the monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthracenyl group, and a pyridyl group.
- the moisture permeability of the stretched film of the present invention is in accordance with JIS-Z-0208 and is determined by the calcium chloride cup method at 40 ° (: 90 to 90% RH, 5 to 250 gZ (m 2 ⁇ day), It is preferably in the range of 10 to 200 g / (m 2 ⁇ day).
- the barrier properties are poor, and the boron in the polarizer sublimates, desorbs and disappears through the stretched film over time, and the polarizing performance of the polarizing plate decreases.
- the water vapor transmission rate is less than 5 gZ (m 2 ⁇ day)
- residual water in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cannot be escaped and iodine exists in the form of an aqueous solution. Decomposes and disappears, and the polarization performance of the polarizing plate may decrease over time. Therefore, a stretched film having a moisture permeability of SSSO g / 7 (m 2 ⁇ day) is preferred.
- the number of coarse streaks on the surface is 1 or less per width lm in a direction (lateral direction) perpendicular to the continuous film forming direction.
- the film having the number of coarse streaks exceeds this, when used as an optical member constituting a display, the light to be transmitted is scattered and absorbed. As a result, the display brightness and image quality are reduced.
- the portion of the film where coarse streaks are present cannot be used, which significantly reduces the product yield, which is undesirable in terms of production cost.
- the optical members are laminated to form a display.
- the film forming the optical members has the above-mentioned streaky ridges, it may hinder normal lamination.
- the coarse streak is a height of at least 10 / 2m, a width of at least 0.3mm, and a length of 5c. It is a ridge that extends in the film extrusion direction (continuous film forming direction) of at least m and may be continuous or intermittent.
- the above-mentioned coarse streaks are often caused by deterioration of the raw material when the raw material is heated and melted, particularly when a small amount of the deteriorated raw material adheres to the lip portion of the extrusion die slit. There are many. Normally, these streaks grow in size over time and become major defects in film appearance.
- Means to prevent the occurrence of coarse streaks are:
- the melting temperature should be as low as possible
- the material and shape of the lip portion of the slit of the extrusion die should be such that the degraded material is unlikely to adhere to the lip portion, and the material that causes the streak projection should not adhere to the lip portion.
- the film to be formed by melt extrusion has at least three layers.
- the film of the present invention used as a product is a layer that is not the outermost layer, and the outermost layer is provided with a layer that functions as a protective film that is peeled off and used when used as a product. It is possible to extrude the raw material of the film used as the material without contacting the lip.
- the number of coarse streaks on the film surface can be measured and evaluated by the following method. First, the film is sampled at an arbitrary position into a square (50 cm ⁇ 50 cm) along the continuous film forming direction and the direction perpendicular to the film forming direction. Then, at every 5 cm along the continuous film forming direction, the film thickness is measured over the entire width in the direction perpendicular to the film forming direction.
- those having a height of 10 or more, a width of 0.3 mm or more, and a length of 5 cm or more are determined to be coarse streaks.
- the stretched film of the present invention is obtained by forming the resin composition by melt extrusion casting, and then stretching the resin composition in at least one direction.
- a conventionally known method can be used for the melt extrusion. Specifically, a method of supplying the dried resin composition pellets to an extruder and extruding molten resin from a slit die such as a T die, or setting a vent device to the extruder supplied with a resin pellet. There is also a method of extruding molten resin from a slit die such as a T die while discharging moisture and various gas components generated during melt extrusion.
- the molten resin extruded from the slit die is cast and solidified by cooling.
- any conventionally known method may be used, but a method of casting a molten resin on a rotating cooling roll to form a sheet is exemplified.
- the surface temperature of the cooling roll should be set in the range of (Tg ⁇ 100) ° C to (Tg + 20) ° C with respect to the glass transition point (Tg) of the resin composition. preferable. Further, the surface temperature of the cooling roll is more preferably set in the range of (Tg—30) ° C to (Tg—5) ° C with respect to the glass transition point (Tg) of the resin composition. preferable.
- the molten resin may stick to the roll before solidifying. If the surface temperature of the cooling roll is lower than the lower limit, the solidification is too fast and slips on the roll surface, and the flatness of the obtained sheet may be impaired.
- a metal wire is stretched near the position where the molten resin lands on the cooling roll, and an electric field is generated by applying an electric current to charge the resin, causing the resin to be charged on the metal surface of the cooling roll.
- Increasing the adhesion to the film is also effective from the viewpoint of increasing the flatness of the film.
- an electrolytic substance may be added to the resin composition within a range not exceeding the gist of the present invention.
- the sheet-like material obtained by the melt-extrusion casting can exhibit the retardation characteristics of the film by extending in at least one direction, thereby improving the yield of the product. Biaxial stretching is preferred.
- the stretching method a conventionally known method can be used.
- the longitudinal direction may be described as a film forming direction, a longitudinal direction, or MD
- the circumference of two or more rolls is used.
- the method include stretching using a speed difference and stretching in an oven.
- a heating method for a sheet-like material as a heating method for a sheet-like material (unstretched film), a method of induction heating with a roll passing a heat medium, a method of external heating with an infrared heater or the like are exemplified.
- Several methods may be used.
- the method of stretching in an oven the method of heating a sheet-like material (unstretched film) is to spread the clip interval according to the stretching ratio in a ten-piece oven that clips both ends of the film, and to roll in the oven.
- a method in which a system is installed and the film is passed to stretch the film, and a method in which the width direction in the oven is completely free and the film is stretched only by the speed difference between the inlet side and the outlet side, are exemplified.
- One or more methods may be used. If the film is stretched in the width direction (may be described as the direction perpendicular to the film forming direction, the lateral direction, or TD), the gap between the entrance and exit clip transport rails in a clip-holding tenter oven And stretching. Further, in the case of stretching in both the vertical and horizontal directions, both the vertical and horizontal directions may be stretched sequentially or simultaneously.
- the film stretching temperature (T d) in the present invention is preferably a temperature of T g to (T g + 40 ° C.).
- T g glass transition temperature of the resin composition
- the stretching temperature is higher than (T g +400)
- the stress required for stretching is low. If the unstretched raw material has a thickness variation, the thin part becomes too easy to be stretched, and the thickness unevenness becomes more exaggerated after the stretching, resulting in a large variation in the phase difference. It can be lost.
- the stretching ratio is preferably R MD > R TD or R TD > R MD .
- RMD indicates a longitudinal stretching ratio
- RTD indicates a transverse stretching ratio.
- This unequal and R MD and R TD, one draw ratio either of these levels means that greater than the other draw ratio.
- this does not necessarily mean only biaxial stretching, but also includes the case where the uniaxial stretching in the longitudinal direction substantially shrinks in the transverse direction and the value of R TD becomes less than 1.
- Stretching ratio is more preferably, IR MD ZR TD I or IR TD ZR MD I is 1. 5. 0 the range of more than 0.
- R MD is 1.0 to 1. Preferably 8 in the range of, more preferably 1.2 to 1.6 range. If RMD is too small, a desired phase difference may not be obtained. If the RMD is too large, desired retardation characteristics may not be obtained in each of the in-plane direction and the thickness direction of the film.
- R TD is 1.5 to 3. More preferably in the range of 5, more preferably from 1.5 to 3. In the range of 0. If R TD is too small, a desired phase difference may not be obtained. If the R TD is too large, the in-plane direction of the film and the thickness direction In some cases, a desired phase difference characteristic cannot be obtained in the direction.
- the stretching speed is preferably 5 to 500% / minute. Therefore, it is preferable that the stretching temperature (T d) is in the range of T g to (T g + 40 ° C.) and the stretching speed is 5 to 500% / min.
- the stretched film may be subjected to post-processing such as heat treatment as necessary for improving thermal stability.
- This post-processing may be performed subsequently to the film stretching step or may be performed in another step.
- the laminate of the present invention comprises a stretched film (X) and a polarizer provided thereon.
- the polarizer is made of polyvinyl alcohol containing iodine or an anisotropic dye, and has a film shape.
- anisotropic dyes include Congo Red, methylene blue, stilbene dyes and 1,1'-getyl-2,2, -cyanide amides.
- the laminate includes a laminate in which another film is provided on a polarizer.
- Another film is a stretched film (Y) formed by forming a resin composition by melt extrusion casting and then stretching the film in at least one direction,
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1-6,
- the content of A is more than 65% by weight and less than 75% by weight, the content of B is more than 25% by weight and less than 35% by weight,
- Stretched film (Y) is a stretched film
- the laminate has the following configuration.
- X indicates a stretched film (x)
- Y indicates a stretched film ( ⁇ )
- ⁇ indicates a polarizer.
- the laminate of the present invention can be suitably used as a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display device. ⁇ Liquid crystal display device>
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises a liquid crystal cell (LC) and the above-mentioned laminate disposed on both surfaces thereof. It is preferable to arrange the stretched film (X) of the laminate so as to be in contact with the liquid crystal cell. It is preferable that a prism sheet (PS) and a diffusion film (DF) are further laminated on the liquid crystal display device.
- LC liquid crystal cell
- DF diffusion film
- the liquid crystal display has the following configuration.
- the obtained stretched film is irradiated with 55 Onm monochromatic light perpendicularly to the film surface using an ellipsometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation, device name: M-220), and the transmitted light is measured.
- the transmitted light is measured while rotating the sample stage on which the film is fixed around the optical axis in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and the phase difference at the angle where the phase difference calculated from the measured value is the maximum Is defined as the maximum phase difference (nm) in the in-plane direction.
- the obtained stretched film was subjected to transmitted light measurement using an ellipsometer (M-220, manufactured by JASCO Corporation) while changing the incident angle of 55 Onm monochromatic light. Rotation about the axis in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, and fixing at a rotation angle at which the maximum phase difference in the in-plane direction can be obtained. Rotate around a straight line that passes through the optical axis and is parallel to the main orientation axis (slow axis) to be applied in the range of 0 ° (angle perpendicular to the optical axis) to 50 ° (the angle is referred to as “tilt angle”). The transmitted light is measured.
- the obtained phase difference data is plotted against the tilt angle, and fitted with the tilt angle function to obtain the slow axis direction in the plane and the plane.
- the correlation equation between the phase difference between the direction perpendicular to the slow axis and the thickness direction is derived.
- the in-plane slow axis direction and the in-plane slow axis are obtained from the obtained relational expression of phase difference in each direction, the measured film thickness, and the film average refractive index (n (550)) obtained by another method.
- the thickness direction retardation (nm) was determined according to the following equation after determining the refractive indexes in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and in the thickness direction.
- R th is the retardation in the thickness direction
- d is the film thickness
- nx is the refractive index in the in-plane slow axis direction
- ny is the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the in-plane slow axis
- nz is the thickness direction
- the average refractive index of the film was measured using three types of laser light at 473 nm, 633 nm, and 830 nm, using a refractometer. Fitting type
- n ( ⁇ ) a / A 4 + b / A 2 + c
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is the average refractive index at wavelength ⁇ (nm), a, b, and c are constants, and ⁇ is the measurement wavelength (nm), respectively)
- the moisture permeability was measured in an atmosphere having an area of 30 cm 2 , 40 ° C, and a relative humidity of 90%.
- Each polarizing plate was left for 1000 hours in an atmosphere at 80 ° C and a relative humidity of 90%. From the change in the degree of polarization before and after the treatment, evaluation was made according to the following.
- the degree of polarization after processing is 95% or more of that before processing
- X Degree of polarization after processing is less than 95% before processing
- Polarizing plates were attached to both sides of the liquid crystal cell so that the rubbing axis direction of the substrate surface adjacent to the liquid crystal cell was perpendicular to the polarizing plate transmission axis, and the panel was evaluated.
- As the liquid crystal cell a commercially available VA-mode LCD monitor and an I-PS mode LCD monitor from which the previously bonded optical compensation film and polarizing plate were peeled off were used.
- the viewing angle of the thus obtained liquid crystal display device was measured by EZ-cont st manufactured by ELDIM. From the measured viewing angles, evaluation was made according to the following.
- ⁇ The range of the tilt angle from the normal direction to the panel surface, where the contrast ratio between the white display and the black display of the liquid crystal cell is 10 or more, is 60 ° or more in the vertical direction and the right and left directions.
- X The range of the inclination angle from the normal direction to the panel surface where the contrast ratio between the white display and the black display of the liquid crystal cell is 10 or more is 60 with respect to the up-down direction and the left-right direction. Less than
- a film sample 8 hours after the start of extrusion was sampled, and a square (50 cm ⁇ 50 cm) along a continuous film forming direction and a direction perpendicular to the film forming direction was taken at an arbitrary position. ). Then, at 5 cm along the continuous film forming direction, the thickness of the film is measured over the entire width in the direction perpendicular to the film forming direction.
- copolymer (B) An acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (copolymer (B)) was prepared.
- the acrylonitrile content in the copolymer (B) is 30% by weight.
- the pellet (I) was dried at 110 ° C for 10 hours, fed to an extruder, melted at a melting temperature of 295, filtered through a filter, and extruded from a single-layer die. This melt was extruded on a rotary cooling drum to obtain an unstretched film having a total thickness of 176 m.
- the obtained unstretched film is supplied to a stenter, and is stretched to 1.1 times at 15% Z in the longitudinal direction at 150 and to 2.0 times at 150% Z in the horizontal direction.
- a biaxially stretched film (1) having a thickness of m was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained biaxially stretched film.
- the number of coarse streaks of the biaxially stretched film (1) was 0.1 lines / lm.
- the obtained unstretched film is supplied to a stenter, and is then doubled at 150 ° C in the horizontal direction at 150% Z min.
- a uniaxially stretched film (2) having a thickness of 80 m. Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- the unstretched film was preheated to 125 ° C, and a surface temperature of 800 ° C above the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller by 15 mm above.
- the film was heated by one infrared heater and stretched 1.2 times in the longitudinal direction at a stretching speed of 200% / min. Subsequently, it is supplied to the stainless steel overnight, and is sequentially stretched 2.0 times at a stretching temperature of 150 ° C and a stretching speed of 150% / min in the transverse direction to obtain a biaxially stretched film (3) having a thickness of 80 zm.
- Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- Example 5 After obtaining an unstretched film having a thickness of 180 m in the same manner as in Example 1, the unstretched film was preheated to 125 ° C, and a surface temperature of 900 ° C from a distance of 15 mm above the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller. , And stretched 1.5 times in the longitudinal direction at a stretching speed of 200% Z. Subsequently, it was supplied to the stainless steel overnight, and it was successively stretched 1.5 times at a stretching temperature of 150 and a stretching speed of 150 minutes in the transverse direction to obtain a biaxially stretched film (4) having a thickness of 80 m. Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- Example 5 shows the characteristics.
- Example 3 The same operation as in Example 3 was repeated except that 78 parts by weight of the copolymer (A1) and 22 parts by weight of the copolymer (B) were used to obtain an 80 m-thick biaxially stretched film (5).
- Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- Example 3 The same operation as in Example 3 was repeated except that 90 parts by weight of the copolymer (A1) and 10 parts by weight of the copolymer (B) were used to obtain an 80 m-thick biaxially stretched film (6).
- Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- Example 1 The same operation as in Example 1 was repeated except that 55 parts by weight of the copolymer (A1) and 45 parts by weight of the copolymer (B) were used to obtain an 80 m-thick biaxially stretched film (7). Was obtained. Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- the molecular weight (Mn) of the obtained N-phenylmaleimide * isobutene copolymer (copolymer (A2)) was 95,000, and the proportions of maleimide units and isobutene units were 60 mol% and 40 mol%, respectively.
- Pellets (II) are dried at 110 ° C for 10 hours, and then fed to an extruder, where the melting temperature is 2 After melting at 95 ° C, the mixture was filtered with a filter and extruded from a single-layer die. This melt was extruded on a rotary cooling drum to obtain an unstretched film having a total thickness of 176 m.
- the obtained unstretched film is supplied in a stainless steel oven, and is stretched at 150 ° C by 1.1 times at 15% / min in the longitudinal direction and stretched by 2.0 times at 150% Z in the transverse direction.
- a biaxially stretched film (8) having a thickness of 80 m was obtained. Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- Extrusion speed and rotary cooling drum speed were determined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a commercially available COP resin (Zeonex, manufactured by Zeon Corporation) was used instead of the pellet (I) as a raw material. By adjusting, an unstretched film (CE 1) having a thickness of 40 m was obtained. Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- Extrusion speed and rotary cooling drum speed were determined in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a commercially available COP resin (Zeonex, manufactured by Zeon Corporation) was used instead of the pellet (I) as a raw material.
- a commercially available COP resin Zeonex, manufactured by Zeon Corporation
- CE2 biaxially stretched film
- TAC film (Fujitac, thickness 80 / m, manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) was used as the film (CE3). Table 1 shows the characteristics.
- Example 1 A 1 85 15 Simultaneous 1.1 2. 0 80 120 250 60
- Example 2 A1 85 15 Uniaxial One 2.2 80 385 45 60
- Example 3 A 1 85 15 Sequential 1.2 2.80 80 75 370 60
- Example 4 Al 85 15 Sequential 1.5 5 1.25 80 12 380 60
- Example 5 A 1 78 22 Sequential 1.2 2.80 95 225 60
- Example 6 A 1 90 10 Sequential 1.2 2.80 80 165 285 60
- Example 8 A2 50 50 Simultaneous 1.1 2 0 80 300 20 60
- Comparative Example 1 COP unstretched ⁇ ⁇ 40 80 240 0.5 Comparative Example 2 COP ⁇ 1. 1 2.0 0 40 0.3 5 0.5 Comparative Example 3 TAG ⁇ ⁇ 1 80 0.2 30 480
- the film (1) and the film (R) obtained in Example 1 were further laminated with a polyvinyl alcohol polarizing film to prepare a polarizing plate, and its durability was evaluated.
- the polyvinyl alcohol polarizing film is obtained by immersing a 120-m-thick polyvinyl alcohol film in an aqueous solution containing 1 part of iodine, 2 parts of potassium iodide, and 4 parts of boric acid, and stretching it four times at 50 ° C. Was.
- the procedure for laminating the film (1) and the film (R) to the polarizing film to obtain a polarizing plate is as follows.
- a polarizing plate is attached to both sides of the liquid crystal cell such that the rubbing axis direction of the substrate surface adjacent to the liquid crystal cell is perpendicular to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate film (1) is in contact with the liquid crystal cell.
- a liquid crystal display device was manufactured.
- the liquid crystal cell used was one obtained by removing the optical compensation film and the polarizing plate that had been bonded to the commercially available VA mode LCD monitor and the IPS mode LCD monitor. The viewing angle characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display device were evaluated.
- a polarizing plate and a polarizing plate were used in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the films described in Table 2 were used and bonded to both sides of the polyvinyl alcohol polarizing film.
- the liquid crystal display device was manufactured. Table 2 shows the evaluation results of their durability and viewing angle characteristics.
- the film (C E 3) was subjected to an alkali treatment instead of the corona treatment.
- the alkali treatment means that the film is subjected to a surface treatment by immersing the film in a 2 mol / liter sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 60 ° C. for 1 minute, washing with water, and drying.
- the polarizing plate of the present invention has remarkably improved durability.
- the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate of the present invention is remarkably improved.
- the stretched film of the present invention is suitably used for an optical member such as a retardation plate or a polarizing plate support having a retardation function since the optical anisotropy is controlled to an appropriate one and has an appropriate moisture permeability.
- the optical member using the stretched film of the present invention can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display device having a VA mode or an IPS mode liquid crystal cell.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05710265A EP1743915A4 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-02-09 | ORIENTED FILM, MANUFACTURING METHOD AND LAMINATE THEREOF |
JP2006512279A JPWO2005100457A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-02-09 | 延伸フィルム、その製造方法および積層体 |
US10/594,932 US20070196592A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-02-09 | Stretched Film, Process For The Production Thereof And Laminated Material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004-103526 | 2004-03-31 | ||
JP2004103526 | 2004-03-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005100457A1 true WO2005100457A1 (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
Family
ID=35149966
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/002365 WO2005100457A1 (ja) | 2004-03-31 | 2005-02-09 | 延伸フィルム、その製造方法および積層体 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070196592A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1743915A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005100457A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070004793A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1965021A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200536891A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005100457A1 (ja) |
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- 2005-02-09 JP JP2006512279A patent/JPWO2005100457A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-09 WO PCT/JP2005/002365 patent/WO2005100457A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1743915A1 (en) | 2007-01-17 |
EP1743915A4 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
TW200536891A (en) | 2005-11-16 |
CN1965021A (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
US20070196592A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
KR20070004793A (ko) | 2007-01-09 |
JPWO2005100457A1 (ja) | 2008-03-06 |
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