WO2005098133A1 - ピッチコントロール剤 - Google Patents
ピッチコントロール剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005098133A1 WO2005098133A1 PCT/JP2005/005488 JP2005005488W WO2005098133A1 WO 2005098133 A1 WO2005098133 A1 WO 2005098133A1 JP 2005005488 W JP2005005488 W JP 2005005488W WO 2005098133 A1 WO2005098133 A1 WO 2005098133A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- monomer
- pitch
- meth
- pitch control
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/02—Agents for preventing deposition on the paper mill equipment, e.g. pitch or slime control
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pitch control agent, and more particularly, to a pitch control agent for preventing pitch from adhering to manufacturing equipment and products in a process of manufacturing norp and paper.
- Pitch generated in the pulp or paper manufacturing process can cause a reduction in water squeezing by clogging wires and felts during the papermaking process, and can also reduce the quality and quality by adhering to paper. It may cause troubles, such as affecting operability.
- pitch control agents have hitherto been used for the purpose of preventing agglomeration of pitch when producing pulp or paper, or preventing the adhesion of pitch on paper or equipment.
- Pitch control agents are broadly classified into inorganic ones such as talc and organic ones such as polymers and surfactants. Therefore, cationic polymers are frequently used.
- a pitch control method using a polymer of alkylamine or the like and epihalohydrin or the like for example, see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-223394
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-63-264993
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-53-41507
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-2-259195
- Patent Document 5 JP-A-2-182995
- Patent Document 6 JP-A-2003-268696
- an object of the present invention is to provide a pitch control agent capable of sufficiently preventing pitch from adhering to manufacturing equipment and products in a pulp and paper manufacturing process.
- a pitch control agent containing a polymer consisting of 5-80 mol% of structural units derived from the body,
- pitch control agent The pitch control agent according to claim 1, wherein the colloid equivalent value of the polymer is 0.1-5 meqZg.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 and R 3 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms
- A is an ethylene group, a propylene group, a hydroxyethylene group or a hydroxy group. Represents a propylene group.
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 5 and R 6 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms or A benzyl group
- B represents an ethylene group, a propylene group, a hydroxyethylene group or a hydroxypropylene group
- Y— represents an anion.
- the pitch control agent of the present invention Contained in the pitch control agent of the present invention the "weight average molecular weight of 5, a 000- 1, 000, 000, ( A) constituent units 20- 95 moles derived from the N Bulle 2-pyrrolidone 0/0 and ( B) In the “polymer comprising 5-80 mol% of structural units from which cationic monomeric power is also induced” (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “the polymer of the present invention”), the N-vinyl component (A) —2
- the content of the structural unit from which the pyrrolidone force is also derived is 20 to 95 mol%, preferably 40 to 95 mol%, and more preferably 70 to 90 mol%. When the content is within the above range, a sufficient pitch adhesion preventing property can be obtained, which is preferable.
- the content of structural units derived from a monomer having a cationic component is a 5-80 molar 0/0, preferably 5- 60 mole 0/0, more preferably 10- 40 moles 0/0. If the content is within the above range, sufficient pitch controllability can be obtained, so that
- the colloid equivalent value is preferably 0.1 to 5meqZg, more preferably 0.2 to 4meqZg, and particularly preferably 0.3 to 3meq / g.
- the colloid equivalent value is an index indicating the degree of cation or aion of the polymer electrolyte.The larger the colloid equivalent value, the higher the cationicity. It indicates that it is on-farm. This colloid equivalent value is measured using colloid titration.
- the polymer of the present invention has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 1,000,000, preferably 10,000 to 500,000, and more preferably ⁇ 20,000 to 300,000. is there.
- weight average molecular weight is 5,000 or more, sufficient pitch controllability is obtained, and when the weight average molecular weight is 1,000,000 or less, it has an appropriate viscosity and is easy to handle. Property is obtained.
- the cationic monomer which is a constitutional unit of the polymer of the present invention includes, in addition to a monomer having a cationic group such as a quaternary ammonium base or an amino group, an amide after polymerization. Groups that have been rendered cationic by a method such as modifying the group to an amino group by a Manch reaction. No.
- a (meth) acrylate ester monomer is preferred.
- (meta) acrylate” indicates both atalylate and meta acrylate.
- the monomer having a cationic group a monomer represented by the above formula (1) and a monomer represented by Z or the formula (2) are preferably used.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and is preferably a methyl group.
- R 2 and R 3 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group and the like, and preferably an ethyl group and a propyl group.
- A is an ethylene group, a propylene group, a hydroxyethylene group or a hydroxypropylene group, preferably an ethylene group or a propylene group.
- the monomer represented by the above formula (1) may form a salt with a water-soluble acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and acetic acid.
- R 4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, is preferred properly is a methyl group.
- R 5 and R 6 are each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group and the like, and preferably an ethyl group and a propyl group.
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms or a benzyl group, preferably an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and a butyl group. And more preferably an ethyl group or a propyl group.
- B is an ethylene group, a propylene group, a hydroxyethylene group or a hydroxypropylene group, preferably an ethylene group or a propylene group.
- Y— is an anion, for example, methyl sulfate ion, ethyl sulfate ion, chloride ion, bromide ion, etc., preferably methyl sulfate ion or ethyl sulfate ion.
- the monomer represented by the formula (1) and the monomer represented by the formula (2) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the above-mentioned cationic monomer include dialkylamino (hydroxy) alkyl (meth) atalylate or a quaternary product thereof, dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide or a quaternary product thereof, and alkyl chloride.
- it is a quaternary compound of dialkylamino (hydroxy) alkyl (meth) acrylate.
- cationic monomer examples include dimethylaminopropyl (meth) atalylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) atalylate, dimethylaminohydroxypyl pill (meth) atalylate, dimethyl Aminohydroxyethyl (meta) acrylate, getyl aminopropyl (meth) acrylate, getylaminoethyl (meth) atalylate, getylate, dipropylaminopropyl (meth) atalylate, dipropylaminoethyl (meth) ataly , Dipropylaminohydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, dipropylaminohydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, dibutylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, dibutylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, dibutylaminohydroxypropyl (Meth) acrylate, dibutylamin
- the polymer of the present invention comprises (A) a structural unit derived from an N-butyl-2-pyrrolidone force and a structural unit derived from a monomer having Z or a cationic property, as well as other monomer units. It may contain a structural unit derived from the body.
- the other monomer include (meth) acrylamide, styrene, (meth) acrylate, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, methyl vinyl ether, ethylene, (polyoxyalkylene) aryl alcohol, butyl acetate, butyl acetate, and the like.
- Nonionic monomers such as formamide, (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, vinylsulfonic acid, 2-acrylylamino-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, hydroxypropanesulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, etc. And an aionic monomer or a salt thereof.
- the pitch control agent of the present invention preferably contains 0.1 to 60% by weight of the polymer of the present invention, more preferably 0.5 to 30% by weight, and particularly preferably 111 to 20% by weight. % By weight.
- the pitch control agent has an appropriate viscosity, so that handling becomes easy and sufficient pitch controllability can be obtained.
- the pitch control agent of the present invention may be, if necessary, a surfactant, a polymer, a chelating agent, a builder, an organic acid, a pH adjuster, a solvent, an antifoaming agent, a bactericidal agent, in addition to the polymer of the present invention. Agents, preservatives, coloring agents, perfumes and the like.
- the pitch control agent of the present invention is preferably used in a pulp or paper manufacturing process.
- the pitch controlling agent is sprayed on manufacturing equipment such as a wire, a felt, a roll, a canvas, and a dryer cylinder. Examples thereof include a method and a method of adding to pulp, and in the present invention, a method of spraying the pulp on a production facility where high pitch controllability is obtained is preferred.
- the pitch control agent When the pitch control agent is sprayed on the manufacturing equipment, it may be added to washing water such as shower water. In this case, it can be used in combination with other pitch control agents, lubricants, release enhancers, detergents, and additives such as acids and alkalis.
- Pitch control agents When a pitch control agent is added to pulp, it is preferable to add it to pulp slurry. Addition locations include chests, seed boxes, extractors, etc. . Pitch control agents should be used in combination with additives such as fillers, dyes, sulfuric acid bands, coagulants, paper strength agents, retention agents, drainage improvers, sizing agents, bulking agents, and defoamers. It comes out.
- the use amount of the pitch control agent of the present invention in the above-mentioned production process is, for example, 0.05 to 2000 ppm, preferably 0.1 to 100 ppm in terms of the polymer of the present invention, relative to washing water or pulp. And more preferably 0.5 to 300 ppm. If the amount used is within the above range, the pitch controllability is sufficient without impairing the performance of other additives such as a paper strength enhancer and a drainage improver, which is preferred.
- Table 1 shows the structure and properties of the polymer 113 of the present invention used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the colloid equivalent value of the polymer was measured as follows.
- the colloid equivalent value (meqZg) per polymer solid content was measured using PCD03 manufactured by Mutek.
- Polymer 1 shown in Table 1 was diluted and mixed with ion-exchanged water to obtain a pitch control agent shown in Table 2.
- pitch control agents of Examples 2-9 and Comparative Examples 15 were prepared as shown in Tables 2 and 3 in the same manner as in Example 1.
- N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone B Cationic monomer A B meq / g Molecular weight
- N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate getyl sulfate 70 30 1.0 950000
- a pitch was prepared by adding 2 g of oleic acid, 2 g of tall oil, 2 g of abietic acid and 4 g of 48% sodium hydroxide to 990 g of purified water.
- the well-washed wire was cut into 7 X 21 cm, made into a cylindrical shape, used as a test piece, dried at 105 ° C for 1 hour, allowed to cool in a desiccator, and weighed (weight A).
- 460 mL of filtered water was placed in a 500 mL beaker, the temperature was raised to 40 ° C in a constant temperature water bath, and 50 mg of a pitch control agent was added.
- a test piece was placed in the prepared solution, and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, and 25 mL of a pitch and 15 mL of a 5% by weight aqueous solution of Shiridani calcium were added. After the addition, the mixture was stirred for 1 hour.
- the pitch adhesion prevention rate was calculated according to the following equation, and evaluated as follows.
- the pitch adhesion prevention rate is 80% or more.
- the pitch adhesion prevention rate is 60% or more and less than 80%.
- ⁇ Pitch adhesion prevention rate 0% or more and less than 60%.
- the pitch adhesion prevention ratio is less than 40%.
- the pitch control agent of the present invention had good pitch adhesion prevention properties.
- Comparative Example 1 the content of the N-butyl 2-pyrrolidone component of the polymer was less than 20 mol% and the content of the cationic cationic monomer component exceeded 80 mol%. It was bad.
- Comparative Example 2 the polymer did not contain a monomer unit having a cationic property. As a result, the pitch adhesion preventing property was poor.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 the polymers did not contain an N-bil-2-pyrrolidone component, and thus had poor anti-pitch adhesion properties.
- Comparative Example 5 since the weight-average molecular weight of the polymer exceeded 1,000,000, the anti-pitch property was poor.
- the pitch control agent of the present invention can sufficiently prevent the adhesion of pitch, it can be advantageously used as an excellent pitch control agent in the production of norp and paper.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006512018A JP4647596B2 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-25 | ピッチコントロール剤 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-098179 | 2004-03-30 | ||
JP2004098179 | 2004-03-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005098133A1 true WO2005098133A1 (ja) | 2005-10-20 |
Family
ID=35125120
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/005488 WO2005098133A1 (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-03-25 | ピッチコントロール剤 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4647596B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1906359A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005098133A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007186822A (ja) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-26 | Seiko Pmc Corp | 板紙の製造方法及び板紙 |
JP2007239116A (ja) * | 2006-03-07 | 2007-09-20 | Nichiyu Solution Inc | 外添型ピッチコントロール剤 |
JP2010084285A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Nichiyu Solution Inc | 板紙のしみ出し防止剤及び板紙の製造方法 |
JP2010138515A (ja) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-24 | Nichiyu Solution Inc | 外添型デポジットコントロール剤及びデポジットコントロール方法 |
WO2014104261A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-03 | 栗田工業株式会社 | ピッチ抑制剤、ピッチ抑制方法、及び脱墨パルプの製造方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62299600A (ja) * | 1986-06-14 | 1987-12-26 | バスフ アクチェン ゲゼルシャフト | 紙、板紙及び厚紙の製法 |
JPH04333698A (ja) * | 1990-01-25 | 1992-11-20 | Basf Ag | 異物質を含有する紙料から紙、板紙および厚紙を製造する方法 |
JPH1193091A (ja) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-06 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | ピッチコントロール剤及びピッチ障害防止方法 |
JP2001262486A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-09-26 | Hymo Corp | 紙の汚れを防止する方法 |
JP2001262487A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-09-26 | Hymo Corp | 紙の汚れ防止方法 |
JP2002173893A (ja) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-06-21 | Hymo Corp | ピッチ抑制方法 |
JP2002227093A (ja) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-08-14 | Hymo Corp | 中性新聞用紙を抄紙する方法 |
JP2003268696A (ja) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-25 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | ピッチコントロール剤及びピッチコントロール方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3081219A (en) * | 1960-02-10 | 1963-03-12 | Rohm & Haas | Prevention of deposition of pitch in papermaking |
DE19631134A1 (de) * | 1996-08-01 | 1998-02-05 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Citronensäurederivaten in Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln |
JP2003071464A (ja) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-11 | Hakuto Co Ltd | 水系における鉄バクテリアの抑制方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-25 WO PCT/JP2005/005488 patent/WO2005098133A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-25 JP JP2006512018A patent/JP4647596B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-25 CN CNA2005800017374A patent/CN1906359A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62299600A (ja) * | 1986-06-14 | 1987-12-26 | バスフ アクチェン ゲゼルシャフト | 紙、板紙及び厚紙の製法 |
JPH04333698A (ja) * | 1990-01-25 | 1992-11-20 | Basf Ag | 異物質を含有する紙料から紙、板紙および厚紙を製造する方法 |
JPH1193091A (ja) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-06 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | ピッチコントロール剤及びピッチ障害防止方法 |
JP2001262486A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-09-26 | Hymo Corp | 紙の汚れを防止する方法 |
JP2001262487A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-09-26 | Hymo Corp | 紙の汚れ防止方法 |
JP2002173893A (ja) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-06-21 | Hymo Corp | ピッチ抑制方法 |
JP2002227093A (ja) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-08-14 | Hymo Corp | 中性新聞用紙を抄紙する方法 |
JP2003268696A (ja) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-25 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | ピッチコントロール剤及びピッチコントロール方法 |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007186822A (ja) * | 2006-01-13 | 2007-07-26 | Seiko Pmc Corp | 板紙の製造方法及び板紙 |
JP2007239116A (ja) * | 2006-03-07 | 2007-09-20 | Nichiyu Solution Inc | 外添型ピッチコントロール剤 |
JP2010084285A (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-15 | Nichiyu Solution Inc | 板紙のしみ出し防止剤及び板紙の製造方法 |
JP2010138515A (ja) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-24 | Nichiyu Solution Inc | 外添型デポジットコントロール剤及びデポジットコントロール方法 |
WO2014104261A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-07-03 | 栗田工業株式会社 | ピッチ抑制剤、ピッチ抑制方法、及び脱墨パルプの製造方法 |
CN104870713A (zh) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-08-26 | 栗田工业株式会社 | 树脂抑制剂、树脂抑制方法、及脱墨纸浆的制造方法 |
US10519598B2 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2019-12-31 | Kurita Water Industries Ltd. | Method for suppressing pitch formation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4647596B2 (ja) | 2011-03-09 |
CN1906359A (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
JPWO2005098133A1 (ja) | 2008-02-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
USRE44936E1 (en) | Aldehyde-functionalized polymers | |
CN102482479B (zh) | 水包水型聚合物分散体中的阳离子型交联聚合物 | |
TWI575135B (zh) | 一種塗料組合物及彼等用於製造具有改良乾強度之紙張之方法 | |
US6255400B1 (en) | Polymer and applications thereof | |
CA2300836C (en) | Polyammonium quaternary polymer for controlling anionic trash and pitch deposition and treating coated broke | |
WO2005098133A1 (ja) | ピッチコントロール剤 | |
EP0016623B1 (en) | Water-soluble polymers containing quaternary ammonium groups, a process for their production and their use in improving the wet strength of cellulosic substrates | |
US4298639A (en) | Wet strength polymers | |
US10618992B2 (en) | Hydrophobic vinylamine-containing polymer compositions and their use in papermaking applications | |
JP4370020B2 (ja) | 表面紙質向上剤 | |
JP4238945B2 (ja) | 製紙用添加剤および紙の製造方法 | |
JP4501386B2 (ja) | 汚れ防止剤及び汚れ防止方法 | |
JP5924594B2 (ja) | 板紙の製造方法 | |
JP4868282B2 (ja) | 汚れ防止方法 | |
JPH11228641A (ja) | 新規な重合体およびその用途 | |
JP4835966B2 (ja) | 層間強度向上剤 | |
JP2004113902A (ja) | 凝集剤及びその使用方法 | |
JPH08188982A (ja) | 製紙用添加剤 | |
JP2012031530A (ja) | 填料処理剤およびそれにより処理した填料を含有する紙 | |
US4340692A (en) | Wet strength polymers | |
JPH0571099A (ja) | 紙力増強剤 | |
KR100994625B1 (ko) | 수용성 중합체 분산액, 그 제조 방법 및 그 사용 방법 | |
JP2013139656A (ja) | 製紙用添加剤及びそれを用いた製紙方法 | |
JPH09324391A (ja) | 紙または板紙の製造方法 | |
MXPA06008351A (en) | Method of using aldehyde-functionalized polymers to enhance paper machine dewatering |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200580001737.4 Country of ref document: CN |
|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006512018 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |