WO2005074907A1 - 遺伝子発現調節剤 - Google Patents
遺伝子発現調節剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005074907A1 WO2005074907A1 PCT/JP2005/001718 JP2005001718W WO2005074907A1 WO 2005074907 A1 WO2005074907 A1 WO 2005074907A1 JP 2005001718 W JP2005001718 W JP 2005001718W WO 2005074907 A1 WO2005074907 A1 WO 2005074907A1
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- astaxanthin
- gene expression
- ester
- acid
- food
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gene expression regulator comprising astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient, and a food or drink containing astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof having the gene expression regulating action.
- astaxanthin Other functional properties include an anti-inflammatory action and an anti-atherosclerotic action.
- Patent document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2003-265136
- the present inventors have searched for a substance that regulates gene expression to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof have an effect of regulating gene expression.
- the present invention has been completed based on strong knowledge, and has been made of a gene expression regulator containing astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient, and astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof having a gene expression regulating action. It is intended to provide foods and drinks containing it.
- the present invention provides a gene expression regulator containing astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient, and a food or drink containing astaxanthin, Z or an ester thereof having the gene expression regulating action.
- the purpose is to do.
- the drug and the food or drink of the present invention can be used for treating, ameliorating, and improving diseases caused by promoting abnormal gene expression by regulating abnormal gene expression and diseases caused by suppressing gene expression. Useful for prevention.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof exhibit a gene expression regulating effect.
- the present invention is based on such findings.
- the present invention relates to (1) a gene expression regulator comprising astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient, (2) a cytokinin-related gene expression regulator comprising astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient,
- TGF- ⁇ -related gene expression regulator containing astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient
- a osteoblast increase / decrease-related gene expression regulator comprising astaxanthin and ⁇ or an ester thereof as an active ingredient
- a food or drink containing astaxanthin and ⁇ or an ester thereof having a gene expression regulating action (6) A food or drink containing astaxanthin and ⁇ or an ester thereof having a gene expression regulating action.
- the term "gene expression regulating effect” refers to an effect of regulating the expression of an abnormal gene that causes various diseases due to various factors to the normal state of gene expression, and the gene expression is abnormally promoted.
- the effect is to suppress the expression of the gene, to place it on the expression of a gene whose gene expression is abnormally suppressed, and to promote the expression of the gene, thereby regulating the gene expression to normal. .
- genes to be regulated include, but are not particularly limited to, genes related to oxidation, cytokinin, collagen, TGF, and increase / decrease of myosteoclasts.
- genes relating to the production of enzymes and factors related to oxidation such as peroxyredoxin, catalase, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NSDAP +), and superoxidase dismutase; septin, fibrous mouth Related to site forces such as syn, granulin, ring finger protein, porotin phosphatase, secreted phosphoprotein, FMS-like tyrosine kinase, erythropoietin receptor, colony stimulating factor, interleukin, and fibrous mouth Genes related to the production of enzymes and factors; insulin-like growth factor receptor, macrophage scavenger receptor, collagen type XXV, procollagen type IV, Clq and ummoa nuclosi Sfactor Relatable Pro Genes related to the production of enzymes and factors related to collagen, such as tin, Clq related factor, and matrix meta-oral proteinase; FK506 binding protein, catenin beta, MA
- the gene expression regulator containing the astaxanthin and / or its ester of the present invention and the food or drink containing the astaxanthin and Z or its ester of the present invention cause abnormal gene expression. Treatment, improvement and prevention of illness.
- astaxanthin means a product derived from a natural product or obtained by synthesis.
- Natural products include, for example, crustaceans such as shrimp, krill and riki, shells and eggs and organs of various species, skins and eggs of various seafood, algae such as green alga Hematococcus, and yeasts such as red yeast Phaffia. Seeds such as marine species, marine bacteria, Fussou grass and Kimbong flower. Extracts and synthetic compounds from nature are commercially available and readily available.
- Astaxanthin can be obtained, for example, by culturing red yeast puffer, green alga Hematococcus, marine bacteria and the like in an appropriate medium according to a known method. Matococcus is most suitable for green algae because of its low cultivation and extraction, the highest concentration of astaxanthin, and high productivity.
- a closed-type culture method in which contamination with heterologous microorganisms and less contamination with other contaminants during propagation is preferred, for example, a partially open-type culture method
- a method of culturing using a culture medium having a dome-shaped, conical or cylindrical culture device and a gas discharge device movable in the device (WO 99Z50384), or inserting a light source into a closed culture device The method of culturing by irradiating light from the plate and the method of culturing in a plate-shaped culture tank are suitable.
- astaxanthin and its esters are oil-soluble substances
- the ability to extract astaxanthin can be extracted with an oil-soluble organic solvent such as acetone, alcohol, ethyl acetate, benzene, and black form.
- Supercritical extraction can also be performed using carbon dioxide, water, or the like.
- the solvent is removed according to a conventional method to obtain a mixed concentrate of monoester-type astaxanthin and diester-type astaxanthin.
- the obtained concentrate can be further purified by a separation column or lipase decomposition, if desired.
- the method of staxanthin extraction is preferable because it contains a large amount of astaxanthin and triglyceride with a high purity, in which the amount of contaminants is small, that is, the substance that inhibits the gene expression regulating effect of the present invention is small.
- Astaxanthin is used in the form of extract of astaxanthin obtained by the above method and a powder or an aqueous solution containing them, or a dried product such as red yeast fafia, green alga hematococcus, marine bacteria and the like. Those crushed products can be used.
- Astaxanthin is 3,3'-dihydroxy-j8,13-carotene-4,4'dione and has a stereoisomer. Specifically, three stereoisomers of (3R, 3'R) -astaxanthin, (3R, 3'S) -astaxanthin and (3S, 3'S) -astaxanthin are known. Any of them can be used.
- astaxanthin includes astaxanthin and Z or its ester. Further, esters of astaxanthin include monoesters and Z or diesters.
- Astaxanthin which is not mutagenic and is known to be a highly safe compound, is widely used as a food additive (N. Takahashi et al .: Hematococcus alga aster). Toxicity test of xanthine — Ames test, rat single dose toxicity test, rat 90-day repeated oral dose toxicity test-, Clinical medicine, 20: 867-881, 2004.) 0
- the gene expression regulator of the present invention containing astaxanthin as an active ingredient at least one of a free form, a monoester form, and a diester form of astaxanthin can be used.
- the diester is physically free since the two hydroxyl groups are protected by an ester bond. It has higher stability than the separated form and the monoester form, and is not easily decomposed in pet food. However, it is thought that when it is taken into the living body, it is rapidly hydrolyzed to free form of astaxanthin by the in-vivo enzyme, and the effect is exhibited.
- Examples of the monoester of astaxanthin include lower or higher saturated fatty acids or esters esterified by lower or higher unsaturated fatty acids.
- Specific examples of the lower or higher saturated fatty acids or lower or higher unsaturated fatty acids include acetic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, norremitoleic acid, hebutadecanoic acid, elaidic acid, ricinoleic acid, and betroserine.
- Acids batacenoic acid, eleostearic acid, psicic acid, ricanoic acid, parinaric acid, gadoleic acid, 5-eicosenoic acid, 5-docosenoic acid, cetolic acid, erucic acid, 5,13-docosagenic acid, seracholic acid Decenoic acid, steric acid, dodecenoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexanoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid.
- diester of astaxanthin include diesters esterified by the same or different fatty acids whose fatty acids and group strengths are selected.
- astaxanthin monoesters include amino acids such as glycine and alanine; mono- or polyvalent carboxylic acids such as acetic acid and citric acid; inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; sugars such as darcoside; Examples thereof include sugar fatty acids such as glycerose sugar fatty acid and sugar sugar fatty acid; fatty acids such as glycerate fatty acid; and monoesters esterified with glycerol phosphoric acid and the like.
- salts of the monoesters are also included.
- Astaxanthin diesters include the lower saturated fatty acids, higher saturated fatty acids, lower unsaturated fatty acids, higher unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, mono- or polycarboxylic acids, inorganic acids, sugars, sugar fatty acids, fatty acids And diglyceric acid phosphate. Diesters esterified with the same or different acids selected. In addition, when it can be considered, the salts of the diesters are also included. Examples of the diester of glycerol phosphoric acid include a saturated fatty acid ester of glyceric phosphoric acid, or a glycerol phosphoric acid ester containing a higher unsaturated fatty acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, or a saturated fatty acid.
- the gene expression regulator of the present invention is useful for treating, improving, and preventing an increase in enzymes and factors due to abnormal expression and a decrease in enzymes and factors due to abnormal suppression of expression.
- the production and suppression of enzymes and factors can be regulated.
- diseases that are said to be caused by these factors such as arteriosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and high fat Blood, rheumatism, gout, stroke, ischemic heart disease, emphysema, gastric ulcer, knee inflammation, nephritis, cataract, Alzheimer's disease, allergic disease, aging, neurological disorders, retinal disorders, nephropathy which are complications of diabetes It also has the effect of treating, improving and preventing blood-related diseases.
- neuropathy In neuropathy, sudden deafness, eye and facial abnormalities (paralysis and pain), orthostatic hypotension, abnormal sweating, diarrhea and constipation (digestive symptoms), dysuria, limb pain, sensory It is effective in treating, improving and preventing abnormalities, muscle atrophy and gangrene.
- it is effective against macular degeneration, glaucoma, cataract, simple retinopathy, preproliferative retinopathy and proliferative retinopathy. It is also effective in treating, improving and preventing cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction in blood diseases.
- the gene expression regulator of the present invention containing astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient can be administered orally or parenterally.
- the oral dosage form is, for example, administered in solid dosage forms such as tablets, buccally disintegrating tablets, capsules, granules and fine granules, and liquid dosage forms such as syrups and suspensions.
- Parenteral dosage forms include injections, eye drops, nasal drops, patches, ointments and suppositories.
- the gene expression regulator of the present invention containing astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof as an active ingredient may contain appropriate amounts of various additives used for production of general preparations.
- additives include, for example, excipients, binders, acidulants, foaming agents, artificial sweeteners, flavors, lubricants, coloring agents, stabilizers, PH regulators, surfactants, and the like.
- excipients include starches such as corn starch, potato starch, wheat starch, rice starch, partially alpha-immobilized starch, alpha-i-starch starch, perforated starch, sugars such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, etc.
- -Inorganic compounds such as sugar alcohols such as toll, xylitol, erythritol, sorbitol, and maltitol, magnesium metasilicate aluminate, talcite in the mouth, anhydrous calcium phosphate, precipitated calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, light anhydrous silicic acid, etc. Is raised.
- binder for example, hydroxy Examples include cypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, arabia gum powder, gelatin, pullulan and the like.
- Disintegrators include, for example, starch, agar, carmellose calcium, carboxymethyl starch sodium, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, crystalline cellulose and the like.
- the sour agent include citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, and ascorbic acid.
- the foaming agent include sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, and the like.
- the sweetener include saccharin sodium, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate, aspartame, stevia, thaumatin and the like.
- the flavor include lemon oil, orange oil, menthol and the like.
- Examples of the lubricant include magnesium stearate, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycol, talc, stearic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate and the like.
- Examples of the coloring agent include food colors such as Food Yellow No. 5, Food Red No. 2, Food Blue No. 2 and the like, food lake dyes, iron sesquioxide and the like.
- Examples of the stabilizer include sodium edetate, tocopherol, cyclodextrin and the like.
- Examples of the pH adjuster include citrate, phosphate, carbonate, tartrate, fumarate, acetate, and amino acid.
- surfactant examples include polysorbate 80, methylcellulose, hydroxycetylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, gum arabic, and powdered tragacanth. Astaxanthin can be mixed as a powder or granules by wet granulation.
- Liquid preparations such as syrups, drinks, suspensions, eye drops, injections, etc. contain pH adjusting agents, buffers, dissolving agents, suspending agents, etc. It can be formulated by a conventional method in the presence of a preservative and the like.
- Suspending agents include, for example, polysorbate 80, methinoresenorelose, hydroxyethinoresenorelose, sodium ureboxinolemethinoresenolate mouth, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, gum arabic, powdered tragacanth, etc. Can be mentioned.
- dissolving agent examples include polysorbate 80, hydrogenated polyoxyethylene castor oil, nicotinamide, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, Macguchigol, and castor oil fatty acid ethyl ester.
- stabilizer examples include sodium sulfite, sodium metasulfite and the like.
- preservatives include methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, sol Examples thereof include boric acid, phenol, cresol, and tarezole.
- a substance having antioxidant ability can be added.
- the antioxidant enhances the effect of astaxanthin by suppressing the oxidation of astaxanthin in the gene expression regulator of the present invention, suppressing the oxidation of astaxanthin in a living body, and the like. it is conceivable that.
- the antioxidant is not particularly limited as long as it has an antioxidant action.
- vitamins A such as retinol and 3,4-didehydroretinol
- vitamins C such as vitamin B
- D-ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid tocopherol, tocotrienol
- vitamin E acetate vitamin E succinate
- phosphorus Vitamin Es such as acid vitamin Es
- carotenoids such as ⁇ -potency rotin and rutin and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof
- coenzyme Q flavonoids, tannins, ellagic acid, polyphenols, nucleic acids, herbal medicines
- One or more species can be selected from the group consisting of seaweeds, inorganic substances, and mixtures thereof. Similar effects can be obtained by blending fruits, algae, fungi and the like containing these.
- components usually used in external preparations for skin such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, for example, whitening agents, moisturizing agents, antioxidants, oily components, ultraviolet absorption Agents, surfactants, thickeners, alcohols, powder components, coloring agents, aqueous components, water, various skin nutrients, and the like can be appropriately added as necessary.
- the amount of astaxanthin or an ester thereof used in the gene expression regulator of the present invention is 0.5 mg-100 mg, preferably lmg-per day for an adult in terms of a free amount of astaxanthin. It is administered orally or parenterally at a dose of 20 mg. Dosages will vary depending on the age, weight, severity of the condition, and mode of administration of the subject. ⁇ astaxanthin amount of medicament present invention 0.5 01 99.9 wt 0/0, preferably be contained in an amount of 0. 1 90 wt%.
- the present invention also includes foods and drinks having gene expression regulating action, which also have astaxanthin or its ester power.
- Examples of forms of food and drink include margarine, butter, butter sauce, cheese, fresh cream, shortening, lard, ice cream, yogurt, dairy products, sauce meat products, fish products, pickles, french fries, potato chips, Snacks, oysters, popcorn, furika Kettle, chewing gum, chocolate, pudding, jelly, gummy candy, candy, drop, caramel, bread, castella, cake, donut, biscuit, cookies, crackers, macaroni, pasta, ramen, barley, udon, salad oil, instant soup
- Non-alcoholic or liqueurs such as tea, coffee, cocoa, alcohol such as medicinal liquor, or non-carbonated beverages such as fruit, beverage, soft drinks, sports drinks, etc., or dressing, eggs, mayonnaise, miso, etc. Examples of addition to general foods such as beverages can be given.
- the food and drink of the present invention is produced by blending astaxanthin and Z or an ester thereof with raw materials for general foods, and processing and producing the same according to a conventional method.
- the amount of astaxanthin and / or ⁇ or its ester can be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art according to the type of food and drink, and is 0.5 to 100 mg, preferably 112 mg, per adult daily intake.
- the form may be the same as the above-mentioned pharmaceutical preparation. It is also possible to use a mixture of milk protein, soy protein, egg albumin protein or the like, or a degradation product thereof, such as an egg white oligopeptide, a soy hydrolyzate, or a simple amino acid.
- processed foods such as natural liquid foods, semi-digestive nutritional foods and nutritional foods containing sugars, fats, trace elements, vitamins, emulsifiers, and flavors, drinks, capsules, enteral nutritional supplements, etc. be able to.
- nutritional additives such as amino acids, vitamins and minerals, sweeteners, spices, flavors and pigments may be added to improve nutritional balance and flavor during ingestion.
- the form of the food and drink of the present invention is not limited to these.
- the astaxanthin-administered group was fed a diet containing 0.02% astaxanthin in free form in CE-2. Each was reared for 12 weeks, and the body weight, blood glucose concentration, ipGTT, urinary 8-OHdG concentration, urinary albumin concentration, and renal tissue changes were measured. Astaxanthin used herein is Astalril (registered trademark, Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 50F, which is an oil that is a fatty acid ester of astaxanthin and triglyceride. Contains 5%.
- Tables 1 and 2 show the effects of astaxanthin on blood glucose concentration, urinary albumin concentration, and urinary 8-OHdG concentration in diabetic mice.
- the kidney was removed and frozen at -80 ° C.
- a LM200 system manufactured by Orin Nos Co., Ltd.
- the renal glomerular portion of the mouse was cut off with a laser while keeping the kidney at a low temperature.
- cRNA preparation and hybridization were performed according to the Affimetrix GeneChip Eukaryotic Small Sample Labeling Assay Ver. II. Was.
- First strand cDNA synthesis Mix the total RNA (1 L) solution and the T7-Oligo (dT) primer (5 M, 1 L) solution, heat at 70 ° C for 6 minutes, and then heat at 4 ° C. Cooled for 2 minutes. 3 ⁇ L RT—Premix—1 (1.5 ⁇ L DEPC—treated water, 4 ⁇ L 5X First Strand Buffer ⁇ 2; zL DTT (0.1 M) ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ LOdNTP Mix (lOmM) ⁇ Add 1 ⁇ LORNase inhibitor (40U / L) and 2L Superscript II (200U / ⁇ L). A reverse transcription reaction was performed at C for 1 hour. The sample was heated at 70 ° C for 10 minutes to inactivate Super Script II and then cooled to 4 ° C.
- dT T7-Oligo
- Second strand cDNA synthesis 32.
- the first cycle cRNA was purified using the RNeasy Mini Kit according to the protocol in the QIAGEN handbook.
- the obtained cDNA was reacted with 1 ⁇ L of 14 DNA polymerase (5 UZ ⁇ L) at 16 ° C. for 10 minutes, and purified by ethanol precipitation.
- the labeled cRNA was purified using an RNeasy column.
- the labeled cRNA thus prepared was hybridized with Affimetrix GeneChip “mouse Expression Set 430A, 22,690 mouse transcripts”. The data was analyzed using GeneChip Analysis Suite Ver. 5.1 (Affimetrix). All microarrays were set at a target intensity of 1000 and compared to knock ground, noise, and total staining intensity. Differentially expressed transcripts were identified by Affimetrix software algorithms.
- the animals were divided into two groups, each of which was fed a normal diet (control group) and a diet supplemented with astaxanthin (Ax group) with free access. Astaxanthin-added food was given by mixing so that the free form of astaxanthin was 0.02%.
- the animals were sacrificed, and the triceps surae (soleus, hifuku, and plantar muscles) were excised from the left foot (denervated limb) and the right foot (control limb), respectively, and the wet weight of the hifuku muscle was determined. Measured. The atrophy rate was calculated from the difference between the wet weight of the lower leg and the wet weight of the lower leg in each group [Table 7]. Based on the above-mentioned gene expression measurement, comprehensive measurements of mRNA expression using GENEchip (Affymetrix) were performed on the right foot and left foot of the hifuku muscle in the control group and the astaxanthin-treated group, respectively [Table 8]. .
- GENEchip Affymetrix
- the value of the atrophy rate was smaller than that in the control group, and the effect of Ax on inhibiting muscle atrophy was confirmed.
- the risk rate was 5% or less, which was a significant result.
- Nc is the ratio of the gene expression intensity of the soleus muscle of the left foot (denervated limb) of the astaxanthin-administered group to the soleus muscle gene of the right foot (control) of the control group, and ad / nd is the left foot of the control group
- This is the gene expression intensity ratio of the soleus muscle of the left foot (denervated limb) of the astaxanthin-administered group to the soleus muscle of (denervated limb)
- Descriptions is a factor related to the bound probe. Table 9 is similar.
- the following components were uniformly mixed at the following composition ratio (% by weight) to give one tablet of 180 mg.
- Hematococcus algae extracted oil (containing 10% by weight of astaxanthin) was filled into a soft capsule skin having the following components by a conventional method to obtain 1 capsule of 100 mg soft capsule.
- astaxanthin has a gene expression regulating effect, and it has been a component of bringing a gene expression into a normal state. That is, it is useful as a gene expression regulator containing astaxanthin or an ester thereof as an active ingredient.
- FIG. 1 is a micrograph of the kidney glomerulus of Example 1.
- dbZdb is dbZdb mass
- db / db (Ax) is db / db mouse to which astaxanthin was administered
- db / m is kidney glomerulus of db / m mouse.
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Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005517753A JPWO2005074907A1 (ja) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-02-04 | 遺伝子発現調節剤 |
EP05709783A EP1719506A4 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-02-04 | GENETIC EXPRESSION REGULATING AGENT |
IL177244A IL177244A0 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2006-08-02 | Astaxanthin, esters thereof and compositions containing them, for regulating gene expression, and their use in the manufacture of medicaments |
US11/498,725 US20070060647A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2006-08-04 | Gene expression regulating agent |
US12/155,914 US20080269349A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2008-06-11 | Gene expression regulating agent |
US14/526,880 US10828269B2 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2014-10-29 | Reducing muscle atrophy by administering astaxanthin |
US17/038,391 US20210008009A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2020-09-30 | Gene expression regulating agent |
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JP2004-028698 | 2004-02-04 | ||
JP2004028698 | 2004-02-04 |
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US11/498,725 Continuation US20070060647A1 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2006-08-04 | Gene expression regulating agent |
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EP (2) | EP1719506A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005074907A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2587652T3 (ja) |
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Cited By (6)
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JP2006213667A (ja) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-17 | Fuji Chem Ind Co Ltd | アスタキサンチン及び/又はそのエステルを有効成分とする筋萎縮改善剤及び飲食物 |
EP1733721A3 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2007-01-24 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Use of astaxanthin or esters thereof as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor |
EP1736149A3 (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2007-02-21 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Astaxanthin-containing agent for lowering neutral fat concentration in blood |
WO2007037438A1 (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | メタボリックシンドローム改善・予防組成物 |
JPWO2006059730A1 (ja) * | 2004-12-03 | 2008-06-05 | 富士化学工業株式会社 | 体脂肪減少用組成物 |
US10828269B2 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2020-11-10 | Fuji Chemical Industries Co., Ltd. | Reducing muscle atrophy by administering astaxanthin |
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US20090099255A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2009-04-16 | Naoki Higashi | Agent for Alleviating Vascular Failure |
JP2007153845A (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-21 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | 脂肪蓄積抑制剤 |
US20070293568A1 (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Neurocyte Protective Agent |
US20100226994A1 (en) * | 2007-10-03 | 2010-09-09 | Nobuaki Hirai | Granule, tablet and methods for producing the same |
JP4647712B1 (ja) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-03-09 | 富士化学工業株式会社 | アスタキサンチンを含む練粉焼成食品 |
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- 2005-02-04 JP JP2005517753A patent/JPWO2005074907A1/ja active Pending
- 2005-02-04 EP EP13177080.2A patent/EP2653157B1/en active Active
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US10828269B2 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2020-11-10 | Fuji Chemical Industries Co., Ltd. | Reducing muscle atrophy by administering astaxanthin |
JPWO2006059730A1 (ja) * | 2004-12-03 | 2008-06-05 | 富士化学工業株式会社 | 体脂肪減少用組成物 |
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JPWO2005074907A1 (ja) | 2007-09-13 |
US10828269B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
IL177244A0 (en) | 2006-12-10 |
EP1719506A4 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
US20070060647A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
EP2653157A1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
EP1719506A1 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
US20080269349A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
ES2587652T3 (es) | 2016-10-26 |
EP2653157B1 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
US20210008009A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
US20150057365A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
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