WO2005043639A1 - 導電性薄膜および薄膜トランジスタ - Google Patents
導電性薄膜および薄膜トランジスタ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005043639A1 WO2005043639A1 PCT/JP2004/016049 JP2004016049W WO2005043639A1 WO 2005043639 A1 WO2005043639 A1 WO 2005043639A1 JP 2004016049 W JP2004016049 W JP 2004016049W WO 2005043639 A1 WO2005043639 A1 WO 2005043639A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thin film
- compound
- organic semiconductor
- conductive thin
- liquid crystal
- Prior art date
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 385
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 589
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 231
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 225
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 186
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 104
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002964 pentacenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- TURIHPLQSRVWHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylnaphthalene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 TURIHPLQSRVWHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical class [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 14
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- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- IGARGHRYKHJQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C1=CC=CC=C1 IGARGHRYKHJQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- WLPATYNQCGVFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylbenzonitrile Chemical group N#CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 WLPATYNQCGVFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- SHFGENOBPXWUJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylphenyl)benzonitrile Chemical class N#CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SHFGENOBPXWUJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a conductive thin film formed by orienting a nanotube or an organic semiconductor conjugate, and a thin film transistor using the same as a semiconductor layer.
- a thin film transistor (TFT) used in a flat panel display or the like has a source electrode and a drain electrode on one surface of a semiconductor layer constituting the thin film transistor, and a substantially central portion with respect to a channel on the other surface.
- a gate electrode is provided at a position.
- the semiconductor layer of the thin film transistor having the above-described configuration is formed by precisely controlling a semiconductor thin film formed on a substrate by a thin film control process.
- a semiconductor layer of a thin film transistor formed by this thin film control process is required to have excellent carrier mobility for constituting a semiconductor device. Therefore, in a conventional thin film transistor, an inorganic semiconductor such as silicon or germanium having excellent carrier mobility is preferably used as a semiconductor material for forming a semiconductor layer.
- the organic electronic functional material generally has flexibility. Therefore, by using this organic electronic functional material, it becomes possible to impart flexibility to the conductor layer and the semiconductor layer. Therefore, by forming a conductor layer or a semiconductor layer on the surface of a flexible plastic substrate resin film using an organic electronic functional material, flexible electrodes and thin film transistors can be easily manufactured. It becomes possible. Then, by using an electrode, a thin film transistor, or the like having flexibility, a sheet-like or paper-like display, an electronic device, or the like can be easily configured.
- a thin film transistor using an organic electronic functional material for a semiconductor layer for example, a thin film transistor using oligothiophene, which is an organic semiconductor conjugate, for a semiconductor layer is known.
- This thin film transistor is obtained by depositing oligothiophene, which is an organic semiconductor conjugate, on a substrate, or applying a solution of oligothiophene dissolved in an organic solvent onto the substrate. It has a thin film of oligothiophene deposited and formed as a semiconductor layer.
- the semiconductor layer is formed by simply vapor-depositing or depositing oligothiophene, and the oligothiophene is not aligned, so that the carrier mobility of the channel uses silicon or the like.
- the carrier mobility of a thin film transistor in which a semiconductor layer is formed by simply vapor-depositing or depositing this oligothiophene is approximately 0.001 cm 2 ZVs (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the conductor layer or the semiconductor layer using the organic electronic functional material has a remarkable carrier mobility in the conductor layer or the semiconductor layer as compared with the carrier mobility in the case of using the inorganic semiconductor.
- the problem is that it is low.
- the carrier mobility of silicon is about 10 3 cm 2 / Vs in single crystal, about 10 2 cm 2 / Vs in polycrystal, and about lcm 2 ZVs in amorphous.
- the carrier mobility when an organic electronic functional material such as the above-described oligothiophene is used is about 0.001 to 0.01 cm 2 / Vs.
- the molecular axis of the organic electronic functional material inside the conductive layer or the semiconductor layer is randomly arranged, so that the charge transfer between a plurality of organic electronic functional materials is smooth. This is because the electrical conductivity is reduced.
- a conductive layer such as an electrode or a wiring
- a semiconductor layer in a semiconductor device such as a thin film transistor or an organic electroluminescent element
- a semiconductor layer in a high-definition image display device or a high-speed LSI or the like are provided with organic electronic functions. It was difficult to form with materials.
- a crystalline low-molecular organic electronic functional material having a strength such as pentacene is used as an organic electronic functional material, and the low-molecular organic electronic functional material is oriented and aligned by a vapor deposition technique, thereby forming a semiconductor layer.
- Such thin film transistors have been reported (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).
- pentacene an organic semiconductor compound
- pentacene is deposited on a substrate, thereby forming a semiconductor layer of a thin film transistor.
- pentacene is deposited at a deposition rate of lAZs on the surface of the substrate whose temperature is room temperature (27 ° C.).
- a thin film transistor with a carrier mobility of about 0.6 cm Vs and a relatively high carrier mobility value when a semiconductor layer is formed using an organic electronic functional material is obtained. Is reported.
- a semiconductor layer is composed of an organic semiconductor polymer having a liquid crystal substituent introduced into a side chain, and a direction of a skeleton chain of the organic semiconductor polymer is fixed. A thin film transistor arranged in a direction is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- a thiophene-like phenylcyclohexane (PCH) system is used at the third or fourth position.
- a liquid crystal phase of a polythiophene derivative into which a liquid crystal substituent is introduced is used as a semiconductor layer.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration of the thin film transistor disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- a thin film transistor 100 has an organic semiconductor film 106 formed on a insulating substrate 101 on which a gate electrode 103 is formed, with a gate insulating film 102 interposed therebetween. I have. Further, between the insulating substrate 101 and the organic semiconductor film 106, a source electrode 104 and a drain electrode 105 are formed so as to be directly connected to the organic semiconductor film 106.
- the organic semiconductor film 106 is obtained by polymerizing a PCH-based liquid crystal compound (PCH504) -thiophene by a catalytic polymerization method, and dissolving this polymer in a chloroform solvent to show a liquid crystal phase.
- PCH504 PCH-based liquid crystal compound
- the liquid crystalline substituent introduced into the organic semiconductor polymer constituting the organic semiconductor film 106 can be oriented in a direction parallel to the rubbing direction.
- the skeleton chains of the organic semiconductor polymer are arranged in a certain direction with respect to the liquid crystal substituent as a side chain since the thickness of the organic semiconductor film 106 to be formed is small. That is, in the thin-film transistor 100, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal substituent is controlled by the alignment treatment, thereby controlling the alignment direction of the skeleton chain of the organic semiconductor polymer.
- nanostructures have been used as semiconductor materials for forming conductor layers and semiconductor layers. Attention has also been drawn to nanotubes (NTs) made of carbon nanotubes, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are inorganic compounds made of carbon (C).
- NTs nanotubes made of carbon nanotubes, especially carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are inorganic compounds made of carbon (C).
- Nanotubes (NT) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) have very good conductivity, high mechanical strength, and are also very chemically and thermally stable. Many studies have been conducted.
- Carbon nanotubes have an extremely small diameter on the order of nanometers and a length on the order of microns, and are extremely close to an ideal one-dimensional system with an extremely large aspect ratio.
- the carbon nanotube has a metallic property having high electrical conductivity or a semiconducting property having a band gap having a size inversely proportional to the diameter depending on the symmetry of the molecular structure.
- carbon nanotubes are produced as a carbon nanotube mixture containing, for example, a carbon nanotube having a metallic property and a carbon nanotube having a semiconducting property in a ratio of about 1: 2, for example.
- carbon nanotubes having metallic properties have high electric conductivity, there is a possibility that they can be used as a favorable wiring material or as a conductive member of other small-sized devices.
- carbon nanotubes are used as a semiconductor layer of a thin film transistor, it is necessary to use carbon nanotubes having semiconductor properties.
- a thin film transistor in which a semiconductor layer is formed using carbon nanotubes having semiconductor properties can obtain a very high carrier mobility of 1000 to 1500 cm 2 ZVs, which has a very large carrier mobility in the channel. is there.
- a carbon nanotube having a diameter of about 1.4 nm is dispersed and arranged at an appropriate dispersion density to form a semiconductor layer having a thickness of about 1.4 nm.
- Thin film transistors have been reported (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2).
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a thin film transistor using a carbon nanotube for a semiconductor layer.
- Non-Patent Document 2 As shown in FIG. 18, in the thin-film transistor 200, a 150-nm-thick gate insulating film 202 that also has a thermal oxidation silicon force is formed on a P + silicon substrate 201 also serving as a gate electrode. Formed on the gate insulating layer 202.
- the carbon nanotubes are dispersed at an appropriate dispersion density to form a semiconductor layer 203 having a thickness of 1.4 nm.
- titanium (Ti) or cobalt (Co) metal is deposited on the surface of the semiconductor layer 203, and a source electrode 204 and titanium source made of titanium carbide or cobalt are provided on contact portions 206 and 207 with the carbon nanotube.
- a drain electrode 205 is formed.
- a thin film transistor 200 is configured. With such a configuration, a nanotube-type thin film transistor having sufficiently large carrier mobility in the channel and excellent electric characteristics can be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-2000-029403
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-083040
- Non-Patent Document 1 C. D. Dimitrakopoulos, 1 other, IBM J. RES. & DEV. VOL. 45 NO. 1 JAN. 2001 ppl9
- Non-Patent Document 2 Phaedon Avouris, Chem. Phys. 281, pp. 429-445 (2002), Fig. 6 "Carbon nanotube electronics"
- the carrier mobility is slightly improved as compared with the conventional semiconductor layer in which the organic electronic functional material is not aligned.
- the degree of orientation of the organic electronic functional material is still low, the carrier mobility of the semiconductor layer is still lower than when the semiconductor layer is formed using an inorganic semiconductor such as silicon.
- the degree of orientation is further improved while maintaining the characteristics of the organic electronic functional material, thereby improving the flowability of electrons and holes. It is necessary to further improve the carrier mobility of the semiconductor layer and the electric conductivity of the conductor layer. or
- Non-Patent Document 1 pentacene, which is a low-molecular organic semiconductor compound, is formed by vapor deposition on a substrate so as to be oriented and aligned to form a semiconductor layer. Obtaining a product pentacene crystal is difficult in practice.
- a thin film transistor in which a pentacene crystal close to a single crystal is formed as a semiconductor layer on a flexible substrate has a problem in that the semiconductor layer is destroyed depending on handling and a defect occurs in the semiconductor layer. Further, there is a problem that the manufacturing time is long because the deposition rate of pentacene when forming the semiconductor layer is low, and the manufacturing cost of the thin film transistor is high because the vapor deposition apparatus is expensive.
- a liquid crystal polymer of a polythiophene derivative into which a liquid crystal substituent is introduced is used, and the main chain of the polythiophene derivative is oriented by aligning the liquid crystal substituent in a liquid crystal phase.
- a PCH-based liquid crystal compound that does not contribute to charge transfer is chemically bonded to a polythiophene derivative with a low carrier mobility value as a side chain, so that an organic electronic functional material can be easily manufactured. While an oriented semiconductor layer can be formed, it does not have a good effect on the charge transfer and the negative viewpoint, and it is difficult to sufficiently improve the carrier mobility of the channel.
- non-patent document 2 in which a conductive layer or a semiconductor layer is formed using nanotubes, a nanotube having a large carrier mobility value is used, and the nanotubes are dispersed at an appropriate dispersion density. They are arranged to form a semiconductor layer.
- a nanotube having a large carrier mobility value is used, and the nanotubes are dispersed at an appropriate dispersion density. They are arranged to form a semiconductor layer.
- a conductor layer or a semiconductor layer formed by dispersing and disposing nanotubes has poor bending resistance. Therefore, it is difficult to form a conductor layer or a semiconductor layer consisting of nanotubes only on a flexible substrate such as a plastic substrate. That is, with such a configuration, it is difficult to form a flexible electrode, a thin film transistor, or the like.
- a composite material is prepared by mixing a nanotube having a high carrier mobility and an organic compound having flexibility, and a conductive layer or a semiconductor layer is formed using the composite material.
- an electrode or a thin film transistor having a large carrier mobility value and having flexibility can be formed.
- the conductor layer made of the composite material or In the formation of a semiconductor layer simply mixing an organic compound and a nanotube simply forms an approximately one-dimensional shape of the nanotube molecules sparsely in different directions.
- a semiconductor layer cannot be obtained.
- the electrical conductivity when a conductor layer is formed using the composite material is as low as about 10 ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ 1 . Further, in this case, it is difficult to sufficiently orient the nanotubes using the existing alignment processing means.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is an inexpensive and flexible carrier mobility formed by highly orienting nanotubes or organic electronic functional materials by simple means. And a conductive thin film having excellent electrical conductivity and a thin film transistor using the same.
- a molecule of a nanotube-organic compound having high carrier mobility and electric conductivity is densely improved by a simple method by further improving the degree of orientation in a predetermined direction.
- the mixed packing density of nanotubes and the density of electronic junctions between nanotube molecules can be further improved, and the flow of electrons and holes can be made smoother.
- the conductive thin film according to the present invention comprises mixing a first material having conductivity or semi-conductivity and a second material, It is a conductive thin film formed by orienting the mixture using the above method.
- At least a nanotube containing at least one kind of metallic or semiconducting material and a liquid crystalline organic compound are mixed at least, and the molecules of the liquid crystalline organic compound are oriented to thereby orient the molecules of the nanotube. It is a formed conductive thin film.
- the nanotube is a carbon nanotube.
- the liquid crystal organic compound is a liquid crystal organic compound having at least one of a nematic liquid crystal phase and a smectic liquid crystal phase.
- the liquid crystalline organic compound is a liquid crystalline organic compound having a charge transport function.
- the liquid crystalline organic compound has at least one of a 2-phenylnaphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a benzothiazole ring, and a t-thiophene ring, and has a substantially rod-like molecular structure. It is.
- the organic semiconductor compound is obtained by mixing at least a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound, and orienting the molecules of the mixed liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture. This is a conductive thin film formed by orienting the molecules.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture is a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture formed by hydrogen bonding of the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound.
- any one of the organic semiconductor conjugate or the organic compound may be nitrogen, oxygen or the like.
- the organic semiconductor compound or one of the organic compounds having at least the element of the organic compound is a compound further having at least one of an unsaturated bond and a benzene ring.
- the organic semiconductor compound is a derivative of at least one of an acene-based, a phthalocyanine-based, and a thiophene-based organic semiconductor compound.
- the derivative comprising the acene-based organic semiconductor conjugate is a pentacene derivative.
- the derivative comprising the phthalocyanine-based organic semiconductor conjugate is a copper phthalocyanine derivative.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture is also a conductive thin film formed by removing the organic compound.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture is a conductive thin film formed by removing the organic compound by at least one of heating and ultraviolet irradiation.
- an organic semiconductor compound having a first liquid crystal phase having a crystallization temperature at which the crystallization from the liquid crystal phase is equal to or higher than room temperature and the first semiconductor compound in a temperature range higher than the crystallization temperature of the organic semiconductor compound.
- At least an organic compound exhibiting a second liquid crystal phase having a lower orientational order than the liquid crystal phase of the above is mixed, and the resulting mixed composition is brought into a predetermined temperature range! Then, the conductive thin film is formed by developing and aligning the second liquid crystal phase to orient the molecules of the organic semiconductor compound.
- the first liquid crystal phase is a smectic liquid crystal phase
- the second liquid crystal phase is a nematic liquid crystal phase
- the organic semiconductor compound is an organic semiconductor compound containing a low polymer organic semiconductor compound.
- the mixed composition is a mixed composition containing 70 to 98% by weight of the organic semiconductor compound.
- the mixed composition is a mixed composition containing the organic semiconductor compound in an amount of 90 to 95% by weight.
- the organic semiconductor compound is an organic semiconductor compound containing an oligothiophene derivative.
- the method for producing a conductive thin film according to the present invention comprises mixing a first material having conductivity or semi-conductivity and a second material, and utilizing the liquid crystallinity of the mixture to form the mixture.
- the mixture is oriented to form a conductive thin film.
- At least a nanotube containing at least one kind of metallic or semiconducting material and a liquid crystalline organic compound are mixed at least, and the molecules of the liquid crystalline organic compound are oriented to thereby orient the molecules of the nanotube.
- Carbon nanotubes are used as the nanotubes.
- liquid crystal organic compound a liquid crystal organic compound having at least one kind of a nematic liquid crystal phase or a smectic liquid crystal phase is used.
- liquid crystal organic compound a liquid crystal organic compound having a charge transport function is used. Used.
- the liquid crystalline organic compound has at least one of a 2-phenylnaphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a benzothiazole ring, and a t-thiophene ring, and has a substantially rod-like molecular structure. Use an organic compound.
- At least a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound are mixed at least, and molecules of the mixed liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture are oriented to form the organic semiconductor compound. Are oriented to form a conductive thin film.
- liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture formed by hydrogen bonding between the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound is used.
- a compound having at least one of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and halogen is used as the organic semiconductor compound or any one of the organic compounds, and the element is hydrogen-bonded to hydrogen.
- organic semiconductor compound or one of the organic compounds having at least the element a conjugate having at least one of an unsaturated bond and a benzene ring is used.
- organic semiconductor conjugate a derivative comprising at least one of an acene-based, a phthalocyanine-based, and a thiophene-based organic semiconductor conjugate is used.
- a pentacene derivative is used as the derivative comprising the acene-based organic semiconductor conjugate.
- a copper phthalocyanine derivative is used as a derivative comprising the phthalocyanine-based organic semiconductor conjugate.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture is also formed by removing the organic compound.
- the organic compound is heated or irradiated with ultraviolet light from the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture. It is formed by removing at least one of them.
- At least an organic compound exhibiting a second liquid crystal phase having a lower orientational order than the liquid crystal phase of the above is mixed, and the resulting mixed composition is brought into a predetermined temperature range! Then, the second liquid crystal phase is developed and aligned, whereby the molecules of the organic semiconductor compound are aligned to form a conductive thin film.
- a smectic liquid crystal phase is used as the first liquid crystal phase
- a nematic liquid crystal phase is used as the second liquid crystal phase.
- organic semiconductor conjugate an organic semiconductor compound containing a low-polymer organic semiconductor compound is used.
- the mixed composition a mixed composition containing 70 to 98% by weight of the organic semiconductor compound is used.
- the mixed composition a mixed composition containing 90 to 95% by weight of the organic semiconductor compound is used.
- organic semiconductor conjugate an organic semiconductor conjugate containing an oligothiophene derivative is used.
- a thin film transistor according to the present invention is a thin film transistor including the conductive thin film according to claim 1 as a semiconductor layer constituting a channel layer.
- the conductive thin film is obtained by mixing at least a nanotube containing at least one kind of metal or semiconductor and a liquid crystal organic compound, and orienting the molecules of the liquid crystal organic compound. It is a conductive thin film formed by orienting the nanotube molecules.
- the conductive thin film may be obtained by mixing at least a non-liquid crystal organic semiconductor conjugate and a non-liquid crystal organic compound, and orienting the molecules of the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture obtained by the mixing.
- An organic compound exhibiting a second liquid crystal phase having a lower orientation order than the first liquid crystal phase is mixed at least in a high temperature range, and a mixed composition obtained by mixing is mixed in a predetermined temperature range. It is a conductive thin film formed by developing and aligning a second liquid crystal phase to orient molecules of the organic semiconductor conjugate.
- a method for manufacturing a thin film transistor according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a thin film transistor, comprising the method for manufacturing a conductive thin film according to claim 23 as a method for manufacturing a conductive thin film as a semiconductor layer constituting a channel layer. is there.
- the method for producing a conductive thin film is characterized in that at least a nanotube containing at least one kind of metallic or semiconducting material and a liquid crystalline organic compound are mixed at least, and molecules of the liquid crystalline organic compound are oriented.
- This is a method for producing a conductive thin film, which is a process force for orienting the nanotube molecules.
- the method for producing a conductive thin film is characterized in that at least a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound are mixed and molecules of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture obtained by the mixing are aligned.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a conductive thin film, which is a process power for orienting the molecules of the organic semiconductor conjugate.
- the method for producing a conductive thin film is characterized in that an organic semiconductor compound having a first liquid crystal phase whose crystallization temperature from a liquid crystal phase is room temperature or higher is a crystallization temperature of the organic semiconductor compound. In a higher temperature range, at least an organic compound exhibiting a second liquid crystal phase having a lower orientational order than the first liquid crystal phase is mixed, and a mixed composition obtained by mixing is mixed in a predetermined temperature range.
- This is a method for producing a conductive thin film, which is a process for orienting molecules of the organic semiconductor compound by expressing and orienting the liquid crystal phase of (2).
- an image display device includes the conductive thin film according to claim 1 as at least one of a conductor layer and a semiconductor layer constituting a channel layer of a thin film transistor. It is.
- the conductive thin film is obtained by mixing at least a nanotube containing at least one kind of metal or semiconductor and a liquid crystal organic compound, and orienting the molecules of the liquid crystal organic compound. It is a conductive thin film formed by orienting the nanotube molecules.
- the conductive thin film may include at least a mixture of a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound, and orient the molecules of the mixed liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture. A conductive thin film formed by orienting the molecules of the organic semiconductor conjugate according to the above.
- the conductive thin film has an organic semiconductor compound having a first liquid crystal phase in which the crystallization temperature at which the conductive thin film crystallizes from a liquid crystal phase is room temperature or higher, and a temperature region higher than the crystallization temperature of the organic semiconductor compound. At least an organic compound exhibiting a second liquid crystal phase having a lower orientational order than the first liquid crystal phase is mixed, and the mixed composition obtained by mixing is mixed in a predetermined temperature range. It is a conductive thin film formed by orienting a molecule of the organic semiconductor conjugate by expressing and orienting a phase.
- an electronic device is an electronic device including the conductive thin film according to claim 1 as at least one of a conductor layer and a semiconductor layer constituting a channel layer of the thin-film transistor.
- the conductive thin film is obtained by mixing at least a nanotube containing at least one kind of metal or semiconductor and a liquid crystal organic compound, and orienting the molecules of the liquid crystal organic compound. It is a conductive thin film formed by orienting the nanotube molecules.
- the conductive thin film may be obtained by mixing at least a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound, and orienting molecules of the mixed liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture.
- an organic semiconductor compound having a first liquid crystal phase in which the conductive thin film is crystallized from a liquid crystal phase and having a crystallization temperature of room temperature or higher, and a temperature region higher than the crystallization temperature of the organic semiconductor compound At least an organic compound exhibiting a second liquid crystal phase having a lower orientational order than the first liquid crystal phase is mixed, and the mixed composition obtained by mixing is mixed in a predetermined temperature range. It is a conductive thin film formed by orienting a molecule of the organic semiconductor conjugate by expressing and orienting a phase.
- the present invention is implemented by the solution described above, and is inexpensive and flexible, formed by highly orienting nanotubes or organic electronic functional materials by simple means. It is possible to provide a conductive thin film having excellent carrier mobility and electrical conductivity, and a thin film transistor using the same.
- the conductive thin film is composed of a composite material in which a nanotube and a liquid crystal organic compound are mixed
- the nanotube is highly oriented by utilizing the high orientation of the liquid crystal organic compound. Therefore, a conductive thin film having excellent carrier mobility and electric conductivity and a thin film transistor using the same can be manufactured by a simple method.
- a conductive thin film is formed by a liquid crystal organic electronic functional material formed by hydrogen bonding between a non-liquid crystalline organic electronic functional material and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound
- the conventional alignment technology can be used. Since the liquid crystal organic electronic functional material is highly oriented by utilizing the method, a conductive thin film having excellent carrier mobility and electric conductivity and a thin film transistor using the same can be manufactured by a simple method.
- the hydrogen bond is cut to remove the non-liquid crystalline organic compound. Accordingly, it is possible to manufacture a conductive thin film inherently possessed by the organic electronic functional material and sufficiently exhibiting carrier mobility and a thin film transistor using the same by a simple method.
- the organic electronic functional material is oriented in a predetermined direction by developing the second liquid crystal phase having a low order.
- a conductive thin film having excellent electric conductivity and a thin film transistor using the same can be manufactured by a simple method.
- an inexpensive and flexible conductive thin film having excellent carrier mobility and electrical conductivity and a thin film transistor using the same can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a step of forming a conductive thin film according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a step of forming a composite semiconductor layer using a conductive thin film as a semiconductor layer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a bottom-gate thin film transistor provided with a gate electrode on a substrate or a bottom according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an example of a configuration of an image display device using a semiconductor circuit device including a thin film transistor according to the present invention.
- Fig. 6 shows the structure of 8-PNP-O, a molecular compound of 2-fluoronaphthalene derivative.
- FIG. 4 is a structural view showing FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a step of forming a conductive thin film according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of another conductive thin film according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a step of producing a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 (a) is a structural diagram showing the structure of a non-liquid crystalline pentacene derivative-based organic semiconductor conjugate material
- FIG. 11 (b) shows the structure of a non-liquid crystalline organic compound material
- FIG. 11 (c) is a structural diagram showing a state in which a pentacene derivative and a benzoic acid derivative are hydrogen-bonded
- FIG. 11 (d) is a liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixed with a supramolecular structure. It is a structural diagram showing the structure of an object.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a step of forming a conductive thin film according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the example of the phase diagram of a mixed composition.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a step of producing a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a structural diagram showing a structure of an oligothiophene derivative.
- FIG. 17 is a structural diagram showing a structure of an organic compound material mixed with an oligothiophene derivative
- FIGS. 17 (a) and 17 (b) show structures of a cyanobiphenyl-based organic compound material
- Fig. 17 (c) shows the structure of a cyanoterphenyl-based (biphenyl-based) organic compound material.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a conventional thin film transistor using a carbon nanotube for a semiconductor layer.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a cross-sectional configuration of a conventional thin film transistor in which a semiconductor layer is formed of an organic semiconductor polymer having a liquid crystal substituent introduced into a side chain.
- the “conductive thin film” includes both a thin-film conductor forming an electrode, a wiring, and the like, and a thin-film semiconductor forming a thin-film transistor or an organic electroluminescent element.
- a carbon nanotube is used as a conductor material or a semiconductor material, and the carbon nanotube and a liquid crystal organic compound are mixed to form a composite material.
- a conductive thin film further improved in electrical conductivity and carrier mobility, formed by satisfactorily and densely orienting the molecules of carbon nanotubes by utilizing the good orientation of the liquid crystalline organic compound of A mode for realizing a thin film transistor using the conductive thin film will be described.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of the step of forming a conductive thin film according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the conductive thin film 1 is prepared as follows. That is, in FIG. 1 (a), two electrodes 3 opposed to each other by a material such as gold with a gap of about 5 m on the surface of a flexible substrate 2 such as a thin glass plate or a plastic substrate having a large force. And 4 provided Can be Then, the metallic carbon nanotubes 5 and the liquid crystalline organic compound 6, which will be described later, are mixed so as to cover the two opposed electrodes 3 and 4 and the substrate 2, or at least to cover the gap.
- the composite compound 7 prepared as described above is applied in a state where the liquid crystal organic compound 6 in the composite compound 7 is in an isotropic phase. At this time, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the molecules of the metallic carbon nanotubes 5 are in a state of being arranged sparsely and sparsely among the molecules of the isotropic liquid crystal organic compound 6.
- the metallic carbon nanotubes 5 for example, having a high electrical conductivity of (1-5) ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ — ⁇ m- 1 , a diameter of 11 nm and a length of 11 nm Use a 5 m carbon nanotube.
- the carbon nanotubes used are not limited to the carbon nanotubes having the above-mentioned electrical characteristics and shapes, and may be those having the above-mentioned shapes and electrical characteristics or those outside the ranges! / ⁇ .
- 8-PNP—O which is a molecular compound of a 2-phenylnaphthalene derivative having a structure shown in FIG. 6, is used as the liquid crystal organic compound 6, and the liquid crystal phase
- a liquid crystal phase in a SmA phase or a SmE phase which is a smectic phase, is used.
- PNP-O shows an isotropic phase above 129 degrees Celsius and 125 degrees Celsius
- the liquid crystal organic compound 6 was gradually reduced by gradually lowering the temperature of the composite compound 7 coated with the isotropic phase. Maintain the state of SmA phase or SmE phase.
- the SmA phase and the SmE phase have a higher order of molecular orientation, which can be said to be a flexible crystal among smectic phases.
- a shear stress shear stress
- the 8-PNP-O molecules as the liquid crystalline organic compound 6 in the SmA phase or the SmE phase of the smectic phase having an excellent degree of molecular orientation are well and homogeneously oriented. This ensures good distribution
- the conductive thin film 1 is formed by a simple method of improving the molecular alignment order by using the liquid crystallinity of the liquid crystalline organic compound 6 and densely aligning the carbon nanotubes 5. I do.
- the molecules of the metallic carbon nanotubes 5 can be arranged with the arrangement direction substantially aligned in one direction, and the mixed packing density is improved to be more densely oriented. Thereby, the electronic junction density between the molecules of the carbon nanotube 5 can be increased.
- a composite compound 7 formed by mixing the metallic carbon nanotubes 5 and the liquid crystal organic compound 6 formed by the above-described preparation method was used, and the molecule of the composite compound 7 was used.
- the electrical conductivity of the conductive thin film 1 formed by improving the orientational order more than before was a very high value of about 5 ⁇ 10 2 ⁇ - ⁇ m- 1 .
- the electrical conductivity of a conductive thin film having a low degree of orientation of a carbon nanotube formed using the same composite compound as described above and using the same composite compound as described above using the same carbon nanotube is as follows. The value was about 10 ⁇ — ⁇ m— 1 , which was very low.
- the carbon nanotube mixed with the composite compound is formed by orienting the molecules of the liquid crystal organic compound in the composite compound forming the conductive thin film in a predetermined direction.
- the molecules can also be well and densely oriented to increase their packing density. Therefore, the electronic junction density between the carbon nanotube molecules can be increased, and the electric conductivity of the conductive thin film can be significantly improved.
- a conductive thin film with a powerful structure it is possible to realize a low-temperature process with excellent characteristics to realize components and wiring materials such as minute circuit devices and high-performance electronic devices. It is possible to provide a conductive thin film.
- the force described in the embodiment using the SmA phase or the SmE phase of the smectic phase of the 2-furnaphthalene derivative, which is a liquid crystalline organic compound is not limited to this mode.
- the same can be implemented by using a liquid crystal phase such as a SmB phase.
- the force described in the embodiment using 8-phenylnaphthalene derivative 8-PNP-O as the liquid crystalline organic compound is not limited to this embodiment.
- NAG has 8-PNP-O SmA phase or SmB phase smectic phase or 5-PNP-O
- a form using a nematic phase may be used.
- a 2-phenylnaphthalene derivative is used as the liquid crystalline organic compound.
- the embodiment to be used has been described, it is not limited to this embodiment, and the molecular orientation order is high.
- Any liquid crystal organic compound having a nematic phase or a smectic phase can be used by using any liquid crystal organic compound. I don't care.
- nanotubes having semiconductor properties are mixed. Can use nanotubes
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a part of a step of forming a composite semiconductor layer using a conductive thin film as a semiconductor layer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the composite semiconductor layer 15 as the semiconductor layer 10 is formed as follows. That is, at least a channel (not shown) is formed so as to cover at least a part of the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 disposed so as to face each other on the substrate 2 and the upper surface of the substrate 2 in the gap therebetween.
- An alignment film (not shown) such as a polyimide film or a monomolecular film formed on the surface of the portion where (1) is formed is subjected to an alignment treatment in a predetermined direction by an alignment means such as a rubbing method.
- a composite compound 14 prepared by mixing the carbon nanotube 13 having a semiconductor property and the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound 16 is applied onto the substrate 2.
- the composite compound 14 is poured into a region sandwiched between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12, the substrate 2, and the gate insulating film 9 provided above the liquid crystal organic semiconductor conjugate 16.
- the carrier mobility is about 1000 cm 2 ZVs
- the diameter is about 15 nm
- the length is about 1 / zm Is used.
- the carbon nanotubes 13 having a semiconductor property are carbon nanotubes selected from mixed-type nanotubes in which carbon nanotubes having a metallic property and carbon nanotubes having a semiconductor property are mixed.
- 8-PNP-O which is a 2-fluoronaphthalene derivative shown in FIG.
- liquid crystal phase in the SmA or SmE phase which is a smectic phase, is used. ing.
- a composite compound 14 prepared by mixing a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound 16 in an isotropic phase and a carbon nanotube 13 having a semiconducting property is applied onto the substrate 2, and then applied. By lowering the temperature of the composite compound 14, the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 is maintained in the SmA phase or the SmE phase.
- the alignment film (not shown) formed on substrate 2 has been subjected to an alignment treatment in a predetermined direction in advance by an alignment means such as a rubbing method, so that the degree of molecular alignment order is excellent.
- the 8-PNP-O molecules as the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 in the SmA phase or SmE phase of the smectic phase are well oriented. Also, its well oriented
- the tubes 13 are also densely arranged to improve the degree of molecular orientation. Thereby, the composite semiconductor layer 15 as the semiconductor layer 10 is suitably formed.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 is composed of a compound having a charge transport function.
- Liquid crystalline organic semiconductor ⁇ product 16 consisting of four phases by itself, the carrier mobility in the hole and electron both to obtain a value of 10- 2 cm 2 / Vs.
- This carrier mobility value is comparable to that of a—Si: H with respect to the carrier mobility of holes, and is the largest value of the electron carrier mobility among organic compounds excluding molecular crystals. , Which means that it is a value.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound 16 is well-aligned, and the carbon nanotubes 13 having semiconductor properties are well and densely aligned to improve the mixed filling density. It is possible to increase the electronic junction density between nanotube molecules.
- a simple compound compound 14 formed by mixing a carbon nanotube 13 having semiconductivity and a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 formed by the above-described method was used.
- the carrier mobility of the composite semiconductor layer 15 as the semiconductor layer 10 in which the degree of molecular orientation was improved more than before by the method was about 350 cm 2 ZVs, which was a carrier mobility of a height and a value.
- a semiconducting carbon nanotube having similar characteristics was used, and a conventional composite semiconductor material was used to form the same.
- the carrier mobility of the composite semiconductor layer having a low degree of orientation was as low as about 0.6 cm 2 ZVs.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a configuration of a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the thin film transistor 18a has a source electrode 11 and a drain electrode 12 formed by patterning an electrode material such as gold on the substrate 2. Further, a composite semiconductor layer 15 as a semiconductor layer 10 formed by a method described later is provided between the source electrode 11, the drain electrode 12, and a gate insulating film 9 described later. On the upper surface of the composite semiconductor layer 15, there is provided a gate insulating film 9 made of silicon oxide, a poly (vinylidene fluoride) -based organic compound, or the like. Further, a gate electrode 17 made of an electrode material such as gold is provided on the gate insulating film 9.
- the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12, the gate insulating film 9, and the gate electrode 17 are sequentially patterned by a thin film forming technique, a photolithographic technique, a lift-off technique, and the like. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, a top-gate thin film transistor 18a in which the gate electrode 17 is disposed on the top is configured.
- constituent members such as a protective film and a sealing film for sealing the semiconductor layer 10 are not shown for simplicity.
- the composite semiconductor layer 15 as the semiconductor layer 10 is formed as follows. That is, at least a channel (not shown) is formed so as to cover at least a part of the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 disposed so as to face each other on the substrate 2 and the upper surface of the substrate 2 in the gap therebetween.
- An alignment film (not shown) such as a polyimide film or a monomolecular film formed on the surface of the portion where (1) is formed is subjected to an alignment treatment in a predetermined direction by an alignment means such as a rubbing method.
- a composite compound 14 prepared by mixing a carbon nanotube 13 having a semiconducting property and a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 is applied on the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 and on the substrate 2.
- a gate insulating film 9 is provided on the semiconductor layer 10 between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 with the channel (not shown) of the thin film transistor 18a positioned at the center. Then, the composite compound 14 is injected between the substrate 2 and the gate insulating film 9.
- the carbon nanotubes 13 having a semiconductor property for example, a carrier mobility of about 1000 cm, which is selected from a mixed carbon nanotube in which a carbon nanotube having a gold attribute and a carbon nanotube having a semiconductor property are mixed. Carbon nanotubes of 2 / Vs, 15 to 15 nm in diameter, and about 1 ⁇ m in length were used.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 is a molecular compound of a 2-phenylnaphthalene derivative having the structure shown in FIG. 6, as in the case of Embodiment 1.
- 8 -PNP-0 of the liquid crystal phase, the smectic SmA phase or SmE phase
- a composite compound 14 is prepared by mixing a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound 16 having an isotropic phase and a carbon nanotube 13 having semiconductor properties. Is applied on the substrate 2. Then, by lowering the temperature of the applied composite compound 14, the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 is maintained in the SmA phase or the SmE phase.
- the SmA phase or the SmE phase has a higher molecular orientation order, which can be called a flexible crystal among smectic phases.
- the degree of molecular alignment order is excellent. 8-PNP-O molecules as liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugates 16 in the SmA or SmE phase of the smectic phase are good
- the carbon nanotubes 13 having a semiconducting property are also densely and satisfactorily arranged so as to improve the molecular orientation order.
- the molecules of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound 16 which is a compound having a function of charge transport are well oriented in the composite semiconductor layer 15, and the carbon nanotubes 13 having semiconductivity are more densely distributed.
- the mixed packing density is improved, and the electronic junction density between the nanotube molecules is increased, whereby a favorable semiconductor layer 10 can be obtained. That is, the composite semiconductor layer 15 as the semiconductor layer 10 is suitably formed.
- the carbon nanotube 13 having a semiconductivity and the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 were mixed.
- the carrier mobility of the composite semiconductor layer 15 as the semiconductor layer 10 in which the molecular orientation order is improved more than before by using the composite compound 14 prepared in a simple manner is as high as about 350 cm 2 ZVs. Mobility.
- a thin film transistor having a composite semiconductor layer with a low degree of orientation which is formed by a conventional technique using a conventional composite semiconductor material using a semiconductor carbon nanotube having similar characteristics, is used.
- the carrier mobility of the channel was as low as about 0.6 cm Vs.
- the composite semiconductor layer 15 is composed of the composite compound 14, the molecules of the liquid crystal organic semiconductor compound 16 are aligned and mixed in the composite semiconductor layer 15.
- the carbon nanotubes 13 having a semiconducting property can also be better and densely oriented according to the orientation of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugates 16.
- an alignment means which has conventionally been used can be applied, and therefore, the carbon nanotubes 13 can be oriented by a simple method.
- the packing density of the carbon nanotubes 13 can be increased by a simple method, and the electronic junction density between the molecules can be increased. Therefore, the thin film transistor having the semiconductor layer 10 with improved carrier mobility can be obtained. 18a can be provided at low cost. Further, since the carrier mobility of the semiconductor layer 10 can be improved, the thin film transistor 18a can be applied to a minute circuit device, a high-performance electronic device, and the like.
- the liquid crystalline organic compound and the carbon nanotube are combined.
- the carrier mobility of the channel of the thin film transistor 18a can be further increased as compared with the case where the semiconductor layer is formed by mixing them. Specifically, when the thin film transistor 18a is turned on, the current in the composite semiconductor layer 15 flows through the liquid crystal organic semiconductor conjugate 16 and the semiconducting carbon nanotube 13. Further, between the molecules of the carbon nanotubes 13 arranged in close proximity, An electric current flows through the molecules of the surrounding liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16. Therefore, by using the liquid crystal organic semiconductor conjugate 16, it is possible to provide a thin film transistor 18a having excellent carrier mobility and ON characteristics as compared with the case where a liquid crystal organic compound is used.
- the thin-film transistor according to the embodiment of the present invention is a top-gate thin-film transistor in which the gate electrode 17 shown in FIG. 3 is provided on the top of the gate insulating film 9 opposite to the substrate 2.
- a bottom gate type thin film transistor having a gate electrode 17 provided on the substrate 2 or at the bottom, which is different from the configuration of FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. 4, may be used.
- a bottom-gate thin film transistor according to this embodiment will be described.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a configuration of a bottom-gate thin film transistor in which the gate electrode according to the present embodiment is provided on the substrate or at the bottom.
- the gate electrode 17 is provided above the substrate 2 as compared with the top-gate thin film transistor 18a shown in FIG. Further, a gate insulating film 9 is provided so as to cover the exposed portion of the gate electrode 17 and the substrate 2. Then, the semiconductor layer 10, the source electrode 11, and the drain electrode 12 are disposed on the gate insulating film 9.
- a gate electrode 17 is provided on the substrate 2 and then the gate electrode 17 and the exposed portion of the substrate 2 are covered. Then, a gate insulating film 9 is provided. Then, the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 are disposed on the gate insulating film 9 so as to face each other. Next, at least over the gate insulating film 9 so as to straddle the two opposing source electrodes 11 and drain electrodes 12, or to cover the gap between at least two opposing source electrodes 11 and drain electrodes 12. Then, a composite compound 14 containing a mixture of a carbon nanotube 13 having a semiconductor property and a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 is applied.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound 16 exhibits a smectic phase
- a shear stress shear stress
- the layer in a substantially constant direction by a roll coater (not shown) or the like a shear stress (shear stress) is applied to the layer in a substantially constant direction by a roll coater (not shown) or the like.
- the molecules of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 are favorably aligned, and the carbon nanotubes 13 having a semiconductor property are more favorably and densely oriented and mixed.
- the packing density can be improved.
- the electronic junction density between the molecules of the carbon nanotube 13 can be increased.
- the composite semiconductor layer 15 in which the molecular orientation order as the semiconductor layer 10 is improved more than before, the carrier mobility of the channel is improved even in the bottom-gate thin film transistor 18b. be able to.
- the material that can be used for the gate electrode 17, the source electrode 11, and the drain electrode 12 is electrically conductive and the substrate 2 or the semiconductor layer 10 Any material can be used as long as it does not react with.
- any material can be used as long as it does not react with.
- noble metals such as gold, silver, platinum, platinum, and palladium
- alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as lithium, cesium, calcium, and magnesium
- copper, nickel, aluminum, titanium Metals such as molybdenum or alloys thereof can also be used.
- conductive organic compounds such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyarline, and polyphenylene bilen can also be used.
- the thin film transistors 18a and 18b can operate even if the electric resistance of the gate electrode 17 is greater than the electric resistance of the other electrodes (the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12). Therefore, it is possible to use a material different from the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 as a material for the gate electrode 17 in order to facilitate manufacture. These electrode materials are not particularly required, but a room temperature process of forming a film at or near room temperature can be applied.
- any material can be used as long as it is electrically insulating and does not react with the substrate 2, each electrode, and the semiconductor layer 10.
- a form in which a normal silicon oxide film is formed on silicon and used as a gate insulating film may be used. It is also possible to provide a thin layer of the above and function as a gate insulating film.
- the gate insulating film 9 may be formed by depositing a compound composed of an element different from that of the substrate 2 or each electrode by CVD, vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like, or by applying, spraying, or electrolytically attaching as a solution.
- a material having a high dielectric constant is used as a material for the gate insulating film 9 in order to lower the gate voltage of the thin film transistors 18a and 18b, but it is not a ferroelectric compound or a ferroelectric material.
- the gate insulating film 9 may be formed using a compound having a large dielectric constant.
- the material is not limited to an inorganic material, and may be an organic material having a large dielectric constant, such as a polyvinylidene fluoride-based material or a polycyanidani-biylidene-based material.
- Embodiment 2-3 of the present invention the smectic SmA phase or SmE phase of the 2-phenylnaphthalene derivative conjugate was used as the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16.
- the present invention can be similarly performed in a liquid crystal phase such as an SmB phase.
- As the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound 16 2-phenylnaphthalene derivative 8-PNP-O was used.
- the smectic phase of PNP-O may be used.
- liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugated compound 16 may be a nematic liquid crystal compound.
- At least one kind of smectic liquid crystal compound having a 6 ⁇ -electron aromatic ring (1), a 10 ⁇ -electron aromatic ring (m), and a ⁇ or 14 ⁇ -electron aromatic ring ( ⁇ ) (
- the 6 ⁇ -electron aromatic ring includes, for example, a benzene ring, a pyridine ring, a pyrimidine ring, a pyridazine ring, a pyrazine ring, and a troborone ring.
- the 10 ⁇ electron aromatic ring include a naphthalene ring, an azulene ring, a benzofuran ring, an indole ring, an indazole ring, a benzothiazole ring, a benzoxazole ring, a benzimidazole ring, a quinoline ring, an isoquinoline ring, and a quinazoline ring.
- Quinoxaline ring examples of the 14 ⁇ electron aromatic ring include a phenanthrene ring and an anthracene ring.
- a liquid crystalline organic compound having at least one of a 2-phenylnaphthalene ring, a biphenyl ring, a benzothiazole ring, and a t-thiophene ring in a core and having a rod-like molecular structure is preferable.
- a liquid crystal organic compound or a liquid crystal organic semiconductor compound may be a liquid having a nematic phase having a higher degree of molecular alignment order or a liquid having the above-mentioned other smectic phase. Any crystalline organic compound or liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound may be used.
- the liquid crystal organic compound material or the liquid crystal organic semiconductor compound material and the nanotube material are mixed at an adjusted mixing ratio.
- the mixing ratio of the carbon nanotubes is preferably 30 to 90% by volume relative to the whole, and more preferably 50 to 70%. Due to the mixing ratio of the carbon nanotubes, the formed conductive thin film, semiconductor layer, and thin film transistor exhibit better electric characteristics.
- the optimum mixing ratio can be appropriately changed outside the above mixing ratio range depending on the materials used, process conditions and desired characteristics.
- the structure according to Embodiment 13 is characterized in that a liquid crystal organic compound or a liquid crystal organic semiconductor conjugate is used as an organic electronic material that has at least the characteristics of an organic material.
- a liquid crystal organic compound or a liquid crystal organic semiconductor conjugate is used as an organic electronic material that has at least the characteristics of an organic material.
- the carrier mobility and electric conductivity are further improved.
- a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound is mixed with a carbon nanotube material having a high carrier mobility and high electrical conductivity and having a high carrier mobility and electric conductivity.
- the carrier mobility can be lowered, the carrier mobility can be further increased, and the degree of freedom in designing the channel shape and the like of the thin film transistor can be further increased.
- a substrate such as a thin resin film or the like having a flexible property such as a polyimide film can be used.
- a substrate such as a thin resin film or the like having a flexible property such as a polyimide film
- a polyethylene film, a polystyrene film, a polyester film, a polycarbonate film, a polyimide film and the like can be used. These also make it possible to realize a flexible paper display or sheet display using a plastic resin film as a substrate.
- the thin film transistors 18a and 18b of the present invention are composed of at least a composite semiconductor layer 15 formed by combining at least the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate compound 16 and the carbon nanotubes 13 to form the semiconductor layer with a good degree of orientation.
- both the ON state and the OFF state have higher values than the conventional intermediate values of the characteristics in the case of only the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate 16 and the carbon nanotube 13 alone. Further improvement in the case where the characteristic of one of the off-states is insufficient becomes possible.
- a gate width of about several hundreds of meters is required.
- a thin film transistor in which a semiconductor layer is formed of carbon nanotubes having semiconductor properties with extremely high carrier mobility has a very small gate width of about 0.1 m, and neither is practical in design.
- the carrier mobility in the composite semiconductor layer formed with good orientation by combining the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate and the carbon nanotubes is a higher value than the conventional intermediate value of both. Therefore, it can be designed and manufactured with a practical gate width of about several meters, and can be designed to have a long and wide channel area, so that the channel shape can be designed in accordance with the on and off conductivity.
- the disadvantage of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound is compensated for by the advantage of the carbon nanotube, while the disadvantage of the carbon nanotube is compensated by the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound. It can be said that this is a composite semiconductor layer in which the advantages of each are supplemented, and the advantages of each are further enhanced.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an example of a configuration of an image display device using a semiconductor circuit device including a thin film transistor according to the present invention.
- an active matrix in which a plurality of thin film transistors (not shown) each having the composite semiconductor layer according to the third embodiment as a semiconductor layer are arranged as at least switching elements (not shown) of pixels.
- Image display device 19 display
- the information signal can be turned on and off with good characteristics. That is, a rewritable paper-like electronic display or sheet display, which is a high-definition image display device using a flexible substrate, can be configured.
- the display panel 26 and the above-described circuit can be connected to each other by configuring the drive circuits 24a and 24b and the control circuit 25 (controller) disposed around the display using the above-described conductive thin film and thin-film transistor (not shown).
- This makes it possible to display images such as rewritable paper-like electronic displays and sheet displays with improved mechanical reliability and flexibility compared to the case where conductive thin films and thin film transistors are composed of nanotubes alone.
- the device can be configured.
- liquid crystal display system an organic EL system, an electrochromic display system (ECD), an electrolytic deposition system,
- ECD electrochromic display system
- electrolytic deposition system A display panel method such as a powder fluid method or an interference type modulation (MEMS) method can be used.
- MEMS interference type modulation
- an ultra-small device composed of an IC for recording information and an antenna for wireless communication that is, use!
- the conductive thin film or the thin film transistor may be integrally formed and applied to a drive circuit, a control circuit, or a storage circuit of an IC unit such as a discarded radio frequency IC tag (RFID tag).
- RFID tag radio frequency IC tag
- the semiconductor circuit device including the conductive thin film or the thin film transistor can be applied to a portable device, a disposable device, or other electronic devices.
- a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor conjugate and an organic compound are bonded by hydrogen bonding to form a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture exhibiting liquid crystallinity.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a step of forming a conductive thin film according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- illustration of some of the steps is omitted to avoid complicating the description.
- a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound material shown in FIG. 11A and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound material shown in FIG. Mix so that the ratio is about 1: 1.
- the pentacene derivative compound shown in FIG. 11 (a) has at least one carbon atom of the benzene ring at the terminal of pentacene, which is an organic semiconductor compound material, having at least one carbon atom that is more electrically negative than a hydrogen atom. It is a compound which is substituted with nitrogen (N) which is an atom.
- the non-liquid crystalline organic compound shown in FIG. 11 (b) is a benzoic acid derivative having a carboxy group.
- the alkoxy group preferably has at least about 3 to 8 carbon atoms, but is not limited thereto.
- the non-liquid crystalline organic compound is described as a benzoic acid derivative, but a biphenyl carboxylic acid derivative can also be used.
- a liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture which is a supramolecule showing a smectic liquid crystal can be spontaneously formed only by hydrogen bonding and mixing.
- the supramolecule is a non-liquid crystalline compound which has neither molecular orientation nor liquid crystallinity when used alone with a pentacene derivative and a benzoic acid derivative, but is a mixture formed by mixing.
- the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture has a structure that expresses a new property, liquid crystallinity.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture is a mixture formed by hydrogen bonding, which has a weaker bonding force than covalent bonding. The force is close to room temperature, and is a stable material that can be handled in the process.
- At least two electrodes 3 and 4 are provided to face each other on a substrate 2 such as a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. Then, in order to align the developed liquid crystal phase later, polyimide is formed into a film with a thickness of 100 nm by a spin coating method, baked, and distributed on the substrate 2. A facing film (not shown) is formed. Further, an alignment treatment is performed on at least the alignment film existing between the electrodes 3 and 4.
- This alignment treatment is performed in the same manner as in the method used for aligning the liquid crystal material injected between the substrates in the liquid crystal display technology, by arranging the surface of the alignment film with a dust-free cloth in a predetermined direction, for example, by using an electrode 3, It is performed by rubbing in the direction of 4 (arrow direction).
- FIG. 7 (b) by mixing a non-liquid crystalline pentacene derivative (see FIG. 11 (a)) and a non-liquid crystalline benzoic acid derivative (see FIG. 11 (b)), A liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 having a supramolecular structure by hydrogen bonding is prepared. Then, the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture 27 is applied by a casting method to a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m on the alignment film on the substrate 2 that has been subjected to the alignment treatment in the step shown in FIG. 7A.
- the molecular long axis direction of the supramolecular structure formed of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 exhibiting a smectic liquid crystal phase is aligned in a predetermined direction.
- the molecular long axis direction of the pentacene derivative, which is a constituent molecule thereof can be oriented in a desired direction. That is, since the thickness of the conductive thin film 28 to be formed is thin, the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture 27, which is oriented in a predetermined direction by the alignment treatment, has an organic semiconductor layer 27 as an internal constituent molecule.
- the major axis direction of the pentacene derivative, which is an object, is also arranged in any desired desired direction, for example, in the direction of the electrodes 3 and 4. Therefore, by controlling the alignment direction of the mixed liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 in a predetermined direction by the above-described alignment treatment, it is possible to control the alignment of the long axis direction of the organic semiconductor conjugate in an arbitrary direction. Becomes possible.
- the predetermined direction and the arbitrary direction are substantially the same as the inter-electrode direction (the direction of the arrow). Note that, depending on the combination of the compounds used, the predetermined direction which is the orientation processing direction may be different from the arbitrary direction to be formed, so that the predetermined direction is adjusted so that a desired arbitrary directional force S can be obtained. You need to choose.
- the conductive thin film 28 is arranged such that the molecular long axis direction of the pentacene derivative in the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 is oriented in a desired arbitrary direction, so that the movement of electric charge is performed between the electrodes.
- a conductive thin film was formed smoothly and smoothly, the electrical conductivity and the carrier mobility were improved, and a value of about 0.3 cmVs was obtained as the carrier mobility of the conductive thin film or the organic semiconductor film. This value is relative to the vapor deposited conventional crystalline pentacene. Even at the same time, the carrier mobility is at the same level.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of another conductive thin film according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the difference between the conductive thin film 29 shown in Fig. 8 and the conductive thin film 28 shown in Fig. 7 is that at least the charge transfer from the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 forming the conductive thin film 28 shown in Fig. 7 (c) occurs.
- the point of view is that the components of the organic compounds, which are unnecessary constituent molecules, are removed. More specifically, the non-liquid crystalline pentacene derivative shown in FIG. 11 (a) and the non-liquid crystalline benzoic acid derivative shown in FIG. 11 (b) are mixed to form hydrogen bonds to form a supramolecular structure. From the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture 27, a benzoic acid derivative component that is an organic compound that inhibits charge transfer is removed.
- the carrier mobility of the conductive thin film 29 made of the pentacene derivative organic semiconductor formed by the above simple method is further improved, and is as high as about 1.0 cm 2 ZVs.
- the pentacene organic semiconductor compound can be formed by further improving the high carrier mobility of the pentacene organic semiconductor compound. This value is higher than the carrier mobility (about 0.6 cm 2 ZVs) of the pentacene organic semiconductor crystal phase formed by the conventional vapor deposition.
- the conductive thin film 29 can be formed on a flexible plastic substrate over a large area of 100 ⁇ 100 mm in a substantially uniform and stable manner. It was confirmed that no problems occurred.
- an unnecessary organic compound is heated by heating the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27.
- a conductive thin film is formed using a liquid crystal organic semiconductor compound that exhibits liquid crystallinity by mixing an organic compound having photosensitivity, and this is irradiated with ultraviolet light, or By heating this, the photosensitive organic compound may be volatilized or sublimated.
- a non-liquid crystalline organic semiconductor compound and a non-liquid crystalline organic compound are mixed and hydrogen-bonded to form a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture.
- This is applied and oriented in a predetermined direction to form a conductive thin film so that at least the organic semiconductor compound is oriented in a predetermined direction!
- the high carrier mobility of the material can be improved and the carrier can be formed stably.
- the organic semiconductor compound has a high
- the carrier mobility can be further improved and the carrier can be formed stably.
- the pentacene derivative shown in FIG. 11 (a) is a nitrogen-substituted compound, but the mixing ratio of a pentacene derivative in which a plurality of carbons are substituted with nitrogen is also acceptable. It is not limited to the above.
- a pentacene derivative molecule having two substituted nitrogen atoms can form a double hydrogen bond with two molecules of the benzoic acid derivative shown in FIG. 11 (b), as shown in FIG. 11 (d).
- a liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture having a supramolecular structure can be obtained.
- a dropping method in addition to the above-described casting method, a dropping method, a spinner coating method, a dip coating method, or a screen printing method may be used.
- a printing method, a roll coating method, an ink jet coating method, a spray coating method, or the like can be used.
- the conductive thin film 28 Method of forming conductive thin film and organic semiconductor film, conductive thin film and organic semiconductor film And a method of applying a magnetic field to a conductive thin film or an organic semiconductor film.
- These alignment treatment methods can be used in all embodiments according to the present invention.
- examples of the alignment film include an inorganic alignment film such as silicon oxide, and an organic alignment film such as nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, and a monomolecular film.
- These alignment films are formed by oblique evaporation or rotary evaporation, orientated by using a polymer liquid crystal or LB film, or oriented in a magnetic field, by a spacer edge method, or by a rubbing method. Oriented.
- This alignment film may be formed only for the function as an alignment film, or may be a film having various functions such as an insulating layer and a gate insulating film. You may apply!
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a configuration of a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- a thin film transistor 30 has a gate electrode 17 of a desired shape formed on an insulating substrate 2, and further forms a channel layer on the gate electrode 17 via a gate insulating film 9.
- a semiconductor layer 31 is formed.
- the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 are formed between the insulating substrate 2 and the semiconductor layer 31 so as to be directly connected to the semiconductor layer 31.
- a protective film is usually laminated on the gate electrode 17, the source electrode 11, the drain electrode 12, and the semiconductor layer 31. The drawing is omitted because the connection between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 is connected to the extraction electrode.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a manufacturing process of the thin film transistor according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 some of the conventional elements required for manufacturing a thin film transistor are not shown because they are complicated.
- an aluminum film is formed to a thickness of 300 nm on the surface of an insulating substrate 2 such as a plastic substrate or a glass substrate. . Then, the aluminum film was formed by photolithography and etching, thereby forming the gate electrode 17. Subsequently, a polyimide film was formed to a thickness of 100 nm by a spin coating method so as to cover the gate electrode 17 and the exposed portion of the substrate 2, thereby forming a gate insulating film 9.
- an indium tin oxide film (ITO) was formed as a conductor film on the gate insulating film 9 at a substrate temperature of 100 ° C and a film thickness of 300 nm by EB evaporation, followed by photolithography and etching. Then, a source electrode 11 and a drain electrode 12 were formed. Further, an alignment treatment was performed on at least the gate insulating film 9 existing between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12. Alternatively, the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 may be formed on the alignment-treated polyimide gate insulating film 9.
- ITO indium tin oxide film
- the orientation treatment method is the same as the orientation treatment method used in the fourth embodiment, in which the surface of the gate insulating film 9 is oriented in a predetermined direction, for example, the direction of the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 (the direction of the arrow). Rubbing in one direction with a dust-free cloth. This makes it possible to orient the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture 27 to be described later such that the major axis of the supramolecules is aligned parallel to the rubbing direction.
- a semiconductor layer 31 which is an organic semiconductor film serving as a channel layer is formed on the gate insulating film 9.
- the semiconductor layer 31 which is an organic semiconductor film is formed as described below, similarly to the case of forming the conductive thin film in the fourth embodiment.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 having the molecular structure shown in FIG. 11 (c) is formed so as to cover at least the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 on the substrate 2 which has been subjected to the orientation treatment in the step shown in FIG. 10 (a). Then, it is applied to a thickness of about 1 ⁇ m by a casting method.
- the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 exhibiting a smectic liquid crystal phase is oriented in such a manner that the molecular major axis direction of the formed supramolecular structure is oriented in a predetermined direction (the direction of the arrow), so that the pentacene derivative, which is an internal constituent molecule thereof, is formed. Can be oriented in a desired direction. That is, since the thickness of the formed conductive thin film 31 made of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 is small, the internal structure of the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27 which is oriented in a predetermined direction by the alignment treatment is reduced.
- the major axis direction of the pentacene derivative as a molecule is also arranged in any desired substantially constant direction, here, the direction of the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 (the direction of the arrow).
- the predetermined direction and the arbitrary direction are substantially the same as the direction between the electrodes (the direction of the arrow). Same direction. Note that, depending on the combination of the compounds used, the predetermined direction as the alignment treatment direction may be different from an arbitrary direction to be formed. Therefore, it is necessary to select a predetermined direction so as to obtain a desired direction.
- FIG. 10 (c) the non-liquid crystalline pentacene derivative shown in FIG. 11 (a) and the non-liquid crystalline benzoic acid derivative shown in FIG. 11 (b) were mixed and hydrogen-bonded.
- a benzoic acid derivative component which is an organic compound that inhibits charge transfer, is removed from the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture 27 that has been configured. The removal of the benzoic acid derivative component destroys the hydrogen bond by heating at least the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture 27, thereby causing the benzoic acid derivative to be scattered.
- a thin film transistor 30 having a conductive thin film 31 having a pentacene derivative, which is an organic semiconductor conjugate, oriented in a predetermined direction was produced.
- the pentacene derivative organic semiconductor film formed by the simple method according to the present embodiment has a high carrier mobility of about 1. Ocm 2 ZVs in the channel of the thin film transistor including the semiconductor layer which also has a function. That is, it was confirmed that according to this embodiment, a thin film transistor in which the high carrier mobility of the pentacene organic semiconductor conjugate was further improved could be formed. This value is higher than the carrier mobility (about 0.6 cm 2 ZVs) of the thin film transistor of the pentacene organic semiconductor crystal phase formed by the conventional vapor deposition.
- a liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture in which a non-liquid crystal organic semiconductor compound and a non-liquid crystal organic compound are mixed and hydrogen-bonded is oriented in a predetermined direction.
- the organic compound that inhibits the transfer of electric charges is removed by simple means to form an organic semiconductor film! It is possible to provide a thin film transistor having good electrical characteristics with further improved degree. Further, the thin film transistor according to the present embodiment also has excellent electrical characteristics. Since it can be provided as a thin film transistor, it can be applied to minute circuit devices, high-performance electronic devices, and the like.
- the thin film transistor according to the present invention includes a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer provided in contact with the gate insulating layer, and a side opposite to the semiconductor layer in contact with one side of the gate insulating layer. And a source electrode and a drain electrode that are provided in contact with at least one side of the semiconductor layer, are positioned with respect to the gate electrode, and sandwich the gate electrode.
- the thin film transistor according to the present invention is a top gate in which the force gate electrode described above as a bottom gate type thin film transistor in which the gate electrode is provided on the bottom on the substrate is provided on the gate insulating film on the top opposite to the substrate. It may be configured as a thin film transistor of the type.
- the materials that can be used for the gate electrode 17, the source electrode 11, and the drain electrode 12 are electrically conductive, and Any material that does not react may be used.
- precious metals such as doped silicon, gold, silver, platinum, platinum, and palladium
- alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as lithium, cesium, calcium, and magnesium, copper, nickel, aluminum, titanium, and molybdenum And their alloys and their alloys can also be used.
- conductive organic substances such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyarline, and polyphenylene bilen can also be used.
- the gate electrode since the gate electrode can operate even if it has a higher electrical resistance than the other electrodes, the gate electrode should be made of a material different from the material forming the source and drain electrodes to facilitate manufacturing. Therefore, it may be formed.
- the material of the gate insulating film 9 described above any material can be used as long as it is electrically insulating and does not react with the substrate 2, each electrode, and the semiconductor layer.
- the form of the substrate 2 and the gate insulating film 9 may be such that a normal silicon oxide film is formed on silicon and used as a gate insulating film, or after the silicon oxide film is formed.
- a mode in which a thin layer of resin or the like is provided to function as a gate insulating film may be employed.
- the gate insulating film 9 may be formed by depositing a compound composed of an element different from that of the substrate 2 and each electrode by CVD, vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like, or by applying, spraying, or electrolytically adhering as a solution.
- a thin film transistor It is also known to use a substance having a high dielectric constant and a material for the gate insulating film 9 in order to lower the gate voltage of the star 30, and it is not a ferroelectric compound or a ferroelectric substance but has a large dielectric constant.
- the gate insulating film 9 may be formed using a suitable compound.
- the material is not limited to an inorganic material, and may be an organic material having a large dielectric constant, such as a polyvinylidene fluoride-based material or a polycyanidi-bilidene-based material.
- a conventional low-temperature thin film forming technique can be used in forming a thin film or a semiconductor layer.
- a substrate such as a thin resin film having a flexible property such as a polyimide film can be used.
- a polyethylene film, a polystyrene film, a polyester film, a polycarbonate film, a polyimide film, or the like can be used.
- the liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture in which the non-liquid crystal organic semiconductor compound and the non-liquid crystal organic compound are mixed and hydrogen-bonded by the method for manufacturing a thin film transistor according to the present invention is used as the substrate.
- a conductive thin film oriented in a desired direction can be easily formed.
- at least an organic compound that inhibits charge transfer can be removed from the liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture by a simple method, so that the high carrier mobility inherent in the organic semiconductor conjugate is further improved. It is possible to manufacture a thin film transistor having a conductive thin film as a semiconductor layer at low cost.
- the pentacene derivative and the benzoic acid derivative are hydrogen-bonded to form a liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture.
- Any organic semiconductor compound or organic compound may be used as long as it forms a liquid crystalline organic semiconductor mixture that exhibits liquid crystallinity by hydrogen bonding. Therefore, the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound according to the present invention include at least one element selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and a halogen element, which are more electronegative atoms than a hydrogen atom, for at least hydrogen bonding. Each have And a compound in which these elements are bonded to each other via hydrogen is preferable.
- the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound in the present invention each have at least one selected from an unsaturated bond and a benzene ring force, and one of the compounds is any one of the above-described nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and a halogen element.
- Compounds that bind to the element via hydrogen are preferred.
- a liquid crystal organic semiconductor mixture exhibiting liquid crystallinity is formed by mixing a non-liquid crystal organic semiconductor conjugate and a non-liquid crystal organic compound to form a hydrogen bond.
- This supramolecular structure may be a substantially rod-like supermolecular structure such as a nematic liquid crystal or a smectic liquid crystal, or a disk-like supramolecular structure such as a discotic liquid crystal.
- a mixed composition layer of an organic semiconductor conjugate having a first liquid crystal phase having a high order and an organic compound having a second liquid crystal phase having a low order is used.
- a conductive thin film formed by orienting the organic semiconductor conjugate compound molecules in a predetermined direction by expressing a second liquid crystal phase having low conductivity, and further improving the electrical conductivity and the carrier mobility; and A mode for realizing a thin film transistor using a thin film will be described.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a step of forming a conductive thin film according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- illustration of some steps is omitted to avoid complication.
- the organic semiconductor conjugate used in this embodiment has a high order at high temperature and a liquid crystal phase ( An organic semiconductor compound having a liquid crystal phase with low symmetry) or an organic semiconductor compound having a liquid crystal phase with a potentially high order.
- an organic semiconductor compound having a first liquid crystal phase composed of a highly ordered liquid crystal phase such as a smectic liquid crystal phase at a high temperature, and more specifically, for example, a diagram having a smectic liquid crystal phase at a high temperature.
- a material containing at least a low polymer organic semiconductor compound such as an oligothiophene derivative shown in 16 is used.
- the organic semiconductor conjugate has a liquid crystal phase having a high order at a high temperature, which means that a crystallization temperature at which the crystallization from at least the liquid crystal phase having a high order exists at room temperature or higher and the liquid crystal having the high order It means that the phase exists in the temperature range above the crystallization temperature
- the oligothiophene derivative shown in Fig. 16 is an organic semiconductor compound composed of Dec-5T-Dec (Dec is an alkyl group composed of 10 carbon molecules) in which five thiophene rings T are connected in reverse.
- the Dec-5T-Dec has a smectic liquid crystal phase in the high temperature range of 100 to 170 degrees Celsius, and becomes a crystal below 100 degrees Celsius, as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It can be said that the liquid becomes an isotropic liquid above 170 degrees Celsius.
- the organic compound material to be mixed with the oligothiophene derivative of the organic semiconductor compound includes at least a second liquid crystal such as a nematic phase which is a liquid crystal phase with low order (a liquid crystal phase with high symmetry).
- a second liquid crystal such as a nematic phase which is a liquid crystal phase with low order (a liquid crystal phase with high symmetry).
- Organic compounds showing a phase for example, a cyano-biphenyl type shown in FIGS. 17 (a) and (b) or a cyano-terphenyl type shown in FIG. 17 (c) (hereinafter referred to as biphenyl type). ) Is used.
- the alkyl groups R and Ra are linear or branched alkyl groups having at least 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- a mixed nematic liquid crystal compound in which another series of liquid crystal compounds are mixed with these nematic liquid crystal compounds may be used.
- nematic liquid crystal compounds not substituted with a cyano group or a fluorine group can be used.
- FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a phase diagram of a mixed composition of the organic semiconductor conjugate and the organic compound according to the present embodiment.
- the horizontal axis indicates the weight (%) of the oligothiophene derivative, and the weight of the biphenyl-based liquid crystal compound increases as the weight of the oligothiophene derivative decreases.
- the vertical axis indicates the phase transition temperature (° C.).
- the oligothiophene derivative Dec-5T Dec which is the organic semiconductor conjugate, has a smectic liquid crystal phase (S) in the range of 100 to 170 degrees Celsius, Becomes an isotropic liquid (I) above 170 degrees.
- S smectic liquid crystal phase
- I isotropic liquid
- the oligo Chio phen derivatives Dec- 5T- Dec 93 weight 0/0 is an organic semiconductor compound, and a bi Fueniru based liquid crystal compound 7 wt% of an organic compound It can be seen that the mixed composition exhibits a nematic phase (N) in a temperature range of 160 degrees Celsius and 167 degrees Celsius.
- the mixing ratio between the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound varies depending on the type of both materials used and the desired electrical characteristics, but the amount of the organic semiconductor compound in the mixed composition is preferably as large as possible. It is easy to obtain desired high characteristics.
- the mixed composition contains 70 to 98% by weight of the organic semiconductor conjugate, and more preferably, 90 to 95% by weight of the organic semiconductor compound is contained in the mixed composition. I like it. Thereby, higher characteristics can be obtained.
- the mixing ratio of the organic semiconductor compound is not limited to the above-mentioned value.
- FIG. 12 (a) at least two electrodes 3 and 4 are provided facing each other on a substrate 2 such as a glass substrate or a plastic substrate.
- a substrate 2 such as a glass substrate or a plastic substrate.
- polyimide is formed into a film with a thickness of 100 nm by spin coating and baked to form an alignment film (not shown) on the substrate 2.
- the alignment process is performed on the existing alignment film.
- this alignment treatment is performed in the same manner as the method used for aligning the liquid crystal material injected between the substrates in the liquid crystal display technology, by arranging the surface of the alignment film with a dust-free cloth in any given direction, for example, by using an electrode. Perform rubbing in directions 3 and 4 (arrows).
- a solution of the above-mentioned mixed composition is dropped from the dropping nozzle 32 by a dropping method over at least the electrodes 3 and 4 on the substrate 2 subjected to the alignment treatment. And apply to a thickness of about 1 / zm. Then, at least the solution portion of the mixed composition is heated, whereby the organic solvent is scattered from the solution of the mixed composition to form the mixed composition layer 33.
- the mixed composition layer 33 applied to at least the gap between the electrodes 3 and 4 is placed in a predetermined temperature range.
- the “predetermined temperature range” means a temperature range in which the nematic phase as the second liquid crystal phase having a low order including the oligothiophene derivative shown in FIG. 16 is developed from the mixed composition layer 33.
- the mixed yarn layer 33 including a mixture of 93% by weight of the organic semiconductor compound and 7% by weight of the organic compound is exemplified in the present embodiment. In a temperature range of 160 degrees Celsius and 167 degrees Celsius, the order oriented in an arbitrary direction is low, and the nematic phase, which is the second liquid crystal phase, appears between the electrodes 3 and 4.
- the nematic phase 34 developed at least in the gaps and boundaries between the electrodes 3 and 4 is gradually cooled and solidified by cooling, so that the organic semiconductor conjugate is obtained.
- the mixed composition layer 93 containing 93% by weight of the compound composition was oriented in a predetermined direction to form a conductive thin film 35. It is clear from the conventional liquid crystal technology that the solid phase maintaining the mixed composition and orientation can be formed by gradually cooling and solidifying the nematic phase 34 by cooling.
- the biphenyl-based liquid crystal compound which is oriented in an arbitrary direction by the alignment treatment, is mixed with the biphenyl-based liquid crystal compound to form an organic semiconductor compound oligo.
- the skeletal chains to which the thiophene is linked in the thiophene derivative are arranged in a predetermined fixed direction, for example, in the direction of the electrodes 3 and 4. Therefore, by controlling the alignment direction of the organic compound, which is a mixed nematic liquid crystal phase, in a predetermined direction by this alignment treatment, the alignment direction of the skeleton chains of the organic semiconductor conjugate is controlled in a predetermined direction. It becomes possible.
- the predetermined direction for orienting the organic compound by the alignment treatment is the same as the predetermined direction of the skeleton chain of the organic semiconductor conjugate compound arranged according to the orientation. It may also be different. That is, what is required in the present invention is that the organic semiconductor compounds are arranged in a predetermined direction.
- the carrier mobility of the conductive thin film 35 formed in the present embodiment was as high as 10 " 2 cmVvs.
- the oligothiophene derivative was oriented in a predetermined substantially constant direction. It was confirmed that the properties of the conductive thin film were improved, whereas the conductive thin film formed by vapor deposition using an oligothiophene derivative similar to the derivative used in the present embodiment was used. Once again low and 10- 3 cm 2 ZVs, it was value.
- a mixed composition formed by mixing an organic semiconductor conjugate having a first liquid crystal phase with high order at a high temperature and an organic compound having a second liquid crystal phase with low order is formed Layer is placed in a predetermined temperature range, and a second liquid crystal phase having a low order including an organic semiconductor compound is developed from the mixed composition layer between the electrodes formed and arranged on the substrate in a predetermined direction. It has been found that, by performing the orientation, the molecules of the organic semiconductor conjugate are oriented in a predetermined direction, and the carrier mobility and the electric conductivity of the conductive thin film are further improved.
- the first liquid crystal phase is a smectic liquid crystal phase and the second liquid crystal phase is a nematic liquid crystal phase, and the control of these liquid crystal phases is combined to easily form a conductive thin film.
- the organic semiconductor compound contains a low-polymer organic semiconductor compound such as an oligothiophene derivative. By orienting the organic semiconductor compound substantially uniformly, carrier transport in a conductive thin film using the low-polymer organic semiconductor compound is performed. Electrical characteristics such as temperature and electrical conductivity can be further improved.
- the oligothiophene derivative which is an organic semiconductor conjugate, is a derivative in which a plurality of thiophene rings are bonded, and a smectic is obtained by connecting at least 416 thiophene rings at a high temperature. Since they have a liquid crystal phase, they can be used.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a configuration of a thin film transistor according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- a thin film transistor 37 has a desired shape on a substrate 2 having an insulating property.
- a gate electrode 17 is formed, and a semiconductor layer 36 constituting a channel layer is formed on the gate electrode 17 with a gate insulating film 9 interposed therebetween.
- the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 are formed between the insulating substrate 2 and the semiconductor layer 36 so as to be directly connected to the semiconductor layer 36.
- a protective film is usually laminated on the gate electrode 17, the source electrode 11, the drain electrode 12, and the semiconductor layer 36.
- the power diagrams for connecting the extraction electrodes to the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 are complicated, they are not shown here.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a manufacturing step of the thin film transistor according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 some of the conventional elements required for manufacturing a thin film transistor are not shown because the drawing is complicated.
- an aluminum film is formed to a thickness of 300 nm on the surface of a substrate 2 having a large insulating property such as a plastic substrate or a glass substrate.
- a gate electrode 17 is formed by draWing and etching.
- a polyimide film having a thickness of 100 nm is formed by a spin coating method so as to cover the gate electrode 17 and the exposed portion of the substrate 2, thereby forming the gate insulating film 9.
- an indium tin oxide film (ITO) as a conductor film is formed at a substrate temperature of 100 ° C. and a film thickness of 300 nm on the gate insulating film 9 by an EB vapor deposition method.
- the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 are formed by performing photolithography and etching from the indium tin oxide film.
- an alignment process is performed on at least the gate insulating film 9 existing between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12. Note that this alignment treatment is performed by rubbing the surface of the gate insulating film 9 in one direction with a dust-free cloth in the same manner as the alignment treatment method used in the sixth embodiment. .
- the present invention is not limited to this mode.
- the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 may be formed on the gate insulating film 9 made of polyimide.
- an organic semiconductor serving as a channel layer is formed on the gate insulating film 9.
- a semiconductor layer 36 as a film is formed. This semiconductor layer 36 is formed by a method similar to the method of forming a conductive thin film described in the sixth embodiment, as described below.
- the organic semiconductor compound has a smectic phase which is a high-order liquid crystal phase composed of Dec-5T-Dec as shown in FIG.
- a material containing at least a low-molecular organic semiconductor compound of an oligothiophene derivative is provided.
- the oligothiophene derivative a material in which at least 416 thiophene rings are bonded can be used.
- an organic compound having a low order and a second liquid crystal phase such as a nematic phase which is a liquid crystal phase (high symmetry, a liquid crystal phase), for example, as shown in FIG. Prepare the biphenyl-based liquid crystal compound shown in a). Then, 93% by weight of the oligothiophene derivative Dec-5T-Dec, which is an organic semiconductor conjugate, and at least 7% by weight of a biphenyl-based liquid crystal compound, which is the organic compound, are mixed at least. Make a mixed composition. Further, in order to facilitate application, an organic solvent such as benzene is mixed with the mixed composition.
- a solution of the above-prepared mixed composition is applied by a dropping method so as to have a film thickness of about 1 ⁇ m.
- the organic solvent is scattered from the solution of the mixed composition, whereby the mixed solution containing the organic semiconductor compound containing 93% by weight of the oligothiophene derivative is obtained.
- a composition layer 38 is formed.
- the mixing ratio between the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound varies depending on the type of both materials used or the desired electrical characteristics, but the amount of the organic semiconductor compound in the mixed composition layer is as high as possible. It is suitable, and it is easy to obtain desired good electrical characteristics. Desirably, a composition containing 70-98% by weight of the organic semiconductor conjugate of the mixed composition layer 38 is preferable, and more preferably 90-95% by weight of the mixed composition layer 38. A configuration containing a compound is more preferable. This makes it possible to obtain better electric characteristics.
- the mixing ratio of the organic semiconductor compound in the mixed composition layer 38 is not limited to the above-described mixing ratio, but can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of the organic semiconductor compound and the required electric characteristics. . Next, as shown in FIG.
- the mixed composition layer 38 applied to at least the gap between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 is applied to the oligo thiol shown in FIG.
- the liquid crystal is placed in a predetermined temperature range in which a nematic phase, which is a second liquid crystal phase having a low order including a chiral derivative, appears. Accordingly, from the mixed composition 38 obtained by mixing the organic semiconductor compound Dec-5T-Dec (93% by weight) and the organic compound (7% by weight) according to the present embodiment, according to the phase diagram shown in FIG. Nematic phase 39 develops at a temperature range of 160 degrees Celsius and 167 degrees Celsius.
- the nematic phase 39 developed at least in the gaps and boundaries between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12 is gradually cooled and solidified by cooling, thereby obtaining an organic semiconductor.
- a semiconductor layer 36 as an organic semiconductor layer oriented in a predetermined direction is formed from a mixed composition layer 38 containing 93% by weight of the compound.
- the semiconductor layer 36 of the thin film transistor 37 shown in FIG. 14 is completed.
- the bithiol-based liquid crystal compound which is oriented in an arbitrary direction by the alignment treatment is mixed with the bithiol-based liquid crystal compound!
- the derivative molecule, that is, the skeletal chain to which the thiophene in the oligothiophene derivative is connected is arranged side by side in a certain substantially constant direction (for example, the direction of the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12).
- an organic semiconductor compound having a first liquid crystal phase with high order at high temperature and an organic compound having a second liquid crystal phase with low order are mixed.
- the mixed composition formed by the above is applied between the source electrode and the drain electrode formed and arranged on the substrate to form a mixed composition layer, and then the order including the organic semiconductor compound from the mixed composition layer is low.
- the temperature is set within a predetermined temperature range in which the second liquid crystal phase appears.
- saw A second liquid crystal phase is developed between the two electrodes, the drain electrode and the drain electrode, and is oriented in an arbitrary direction. Thereby, the molecules of the organic semiconductor compound are oriented in a predetermined direction.
- a conductive thin film with improved charge transport performance is formed by orienting the molecules of the organic semiconductor compound in a favorable manner, and the carrier mobility of the channel is further improved by using the conductive thin film as a semiconductor layer.
- the formed thin film transistor is formed.
- the first liquid crystal phase is a smectic liquid crystal phase and the second liquid crystal phase is a nematic liquid crystal phase, and the control of these liquid crystal phases is combined to easily form a semiconductor layer. Becomes possible.
- the organic semiconductor compound contains a low polymer of an organic semiconductor compound such as an oligothiophene derivative, and the low polymer of the organic semiconductor conjugate is substantially uniformly oriented to form a conductive thin film. Even if a semiconductor layer is formed using this conductive thin film, electrical characteristics such as carrier mobility of the channel of the thin film transistor can be further improved.
- the expression temperature of the nematic liquid crystal phase as an organic compound may be lower or higher than the expression temperature of the smectic liquid crystal phase of the organic semiconductor conjugate. Good.
- the oligothiophene derivative which is an organic semiconductor conjugate, may be any derivative as long as it is an oligothiophene derivative that develops a smectic liquid crystal phase. There is no need to limit the length of the groups.
- the present invention is not limited to this mode.
- the present invention can be carried out in the same manner by using a material exhibiting a smectic liquid crystal phase in the derivative of the low polymer organic semiconductor conjugate.
- a cyanobiphenyl-based or cyano-terphenyl-based nematic liquid crystal compound is used as an organic compound, and the force-induced phenylcyclohexane (PCH) -based, Nematic liquid crystal compounds having a substantially rod-like molecular structure such as ester, phenylpyrimidine, phenyldioxane, and lanthanum, other types of nematic liquid crystal compounds, and mixed nematic liquid crystal compounds comprising a mixture of these. Form using It may be in a state.
- the embodiment using the nematic liquid crystal compound as the organic compound has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the embodiment using a concentration-transition type liquid crystal (lyotropic liquid crystal) may be used!
- the organic semiconductor compound may be oriented by subjecting the film to an orientation treatment, but it is also possible to orient the organic semiconductor compound by an electric field generated by applying a voltage to the source electrode and the drain electrode.
- the mixed composition only needs to contain at least the organic semiconductor compound and the organic compound, and also contains other materials such as a charge polarity-imparting agent. You may go out.
- the type of the organic solvent can be appropriately selected depending on the type of the organic semiconductor compound to be selected.
- an aromatic solvent such as chloroform and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene in addition to the above-mentioned chlorobenzene.
- an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, getyldaricol, getyl ether and the like.
- a printing method such as a casting method, a spinner coating method, a dip coating method, a screen printing method, or a roll method may be used in addition to the above-mentioned dropping method.
- Coating methods such as a coating method, an inkjet coating method, and a spray coating method can be used.
- examples of the alignment film include an inorganic alignment film such as silicon oxide or an organic alignment film such as nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, and a monomolecular film.
- These alignment films can be formed by oblique evaporation or rotary evaporation, and can be aligned using a polymer liquid crystal or LB film, alignment by a magnetic field, alignment by the spacer edge method, or alignment by the rubbing method. It is.
- this alignment film is formed only for the function as an alignment film.
- a film having various functions, such as an insulating layer and a gate insulating film may be used, or an insulating substrate surface may be applied.
- an organic semiconductor layer formed from a mixed composition of an organic semiconductor compound and a liquid crystal organic compound is used as the semiconductor layer of the thin film transistor. It is not limited that a composite semiconductor layer formed by mixing a composite semiconductor material obtained by compounding an organic semiconductor compound and a semiconducting carbon nanotube with a liquid crystal organic compound may be used. Absent.
- the thin film transistor according to the present invention includes a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer provided in contact with the gate insulating layer, and a side opposite to the semiconductor layer in contact with one side of the gate insulating layer. And a source electrode and a drain electrode that are provided in contact with at least one side of the semiconductor layer, are positioned with respect to the gate electrode, and sandwich the gate electrode.
- the thin film transistor according to the present invention is a top gate in which the force gate electrode described above as a bottom gate type thin film transistor in which the gate electrode is provided on the bottom on the substrate is provided on the gate insulating film on the top opposite to the substrate. It may be configured as a thin film transistor of the type.
- the material that can be used for the gate electrode 17, the source electrode 11, and the drain electrode 12 is electrically conductive, and Any material may be used as long as it does not react with the material.
- any material may be used as long as it does not react with the material.
- noble metals such as doped silicon, gold, silver, platinum, platinum and palladium
- alkali metals and alkaline earth metals such as lithium, cesium, calcium and magnesium, copper, nickel, aluminum, titanium and molybdenum And their alloys and their alloys can also be used.
- conductive organic substances such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyarline, and polyphenylene bilen can also be used.
- the gate electrode since the gate electrode can operate even if it has a higher electrical resistance than the other electrodes, the gate electrode should be made of a material different from the material forming the source and drain electrodes to facilitate manufacturing. Therefore, it may be formed.
- any material can be used as long as it is electrically insulating and does not react with the substrate 2, each electrode, and the semiconductor layer. or,
- the form of the substrate 2 and the gate insulating film 9 may be such that an ordinary silicon oxide film is formed on silicon and used as a gate insulating film.
- a layer may be provided to function as a gate insulating film.
- the gate insulating film 9 may be formed by depositing a compound composed of an element different from that of the substrate 2 or each electrode by CVD, vapor deposition, sputtering, or the like, or by applying, spraying, or electrolytically attaching as a solution.
- the gate insulating film 9 may be formed using a compound having a large dielectric constant.
- it is not limited to an inorganic substance, and may be an organic substance having a large dielectric constant, such as a poly (vinylidene fluoride) -based substance or a polycyanidi-bilylidene-based substance.
- a conventional low-temperature thin-film forming technique can be used in forming a thin film and a semiconductor layer.
- a substrate such as a thin resin film having a flexible property such as a polyimide film can be used.
- a polyethylene film, a polystyrene film, a polyester film, a polycarbonate film, a polyimide film, or the like can be used.
- the conductive thin film and the thin film transistor according to the present invention and the method for manufacturing the same are used as the conductive thin film and the thin film transistor for miniaturizing and improving the performance of the semiconductor circuit device and the display device, and the method for manufacturing the same.
- Useful paper-like or sheet-like image display devices, portable devices using small and high-performance semiconductor circuit devices, disposable devices such as wireless IC tags, other electronic devices, robots, micro medical devices, etc. It is useful as a conductive thin film and a thin film transistor for realizing the above, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the present invention is useful as a conductive thin film and a thin film transistor for manufacturing these semiconductor circuit devices and display devices at low cost, and a method for manufacturing them.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04793157A EP1679752B1 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-28 | Conductive thin film and thin-film transistor |
JP2005515157A JP4878841B2 (ja) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-28 | 導電性薄膜の製造方法および薄膜トランジスタの製造方法 |
US10/577,643 US7746418B2 (en) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-28 | Conductive thin film and thin film transistor |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2003370384 | 2003-10-30 | ||
JP2003-370384 | 2003-10-30 | ||
JP2003-387885 | 2003-11-18 | ||
JP2003387885 | 2003-11-18 | ||
JP2003-389104 | 2003-11-19 | ||
JP2003389104 | 2003-11-19 |
Publications (1)
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WO2005043639A1 true WO2005043639A1 (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
Family
ID=34557009
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/016049 WO2005043639A1 (ja) | 2003-10-30 | 2004-10-28 | 導電性薄膜および薄膜トランジスタ |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7746418B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1679752B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4878841B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100769788B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005043639A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4878841B2 (ja) | 2012-02-15 |
JPWO2005043639A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
EP1679752B1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
US20080277648A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
US7746418B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 |
EP1679752A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
KR20060080238A (ko) | 2006-07-07 |
KR100769788B1 (ko) | 2007-10-25 |
EP1679752A4 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
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